Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| complete genome sequence of treponema pallidum ssp. pallidum strain ss14 determined with oligonucleotide arrays. | syphilis spirochete treponema pallidum ssp. pallidum remains the enigmatic pathogen, since no virulence factors have been identified and the pathogenesis of the disease is poorly understood. increasing rates of new syphilis cases per year have been observed recently. | 2008 | 18482458 |
| a 52-kda leucyl aminopeptidase from treponema denticola is a cysteinylglycinase that mediates the second step of glutathione metabolism. | the metabolism of glutathione by the periodontal pathogen treponema denticola produces hydrogen sulfide, which may play a role in the host tissue destruction seen in periodontitis. h2s production in this organism has been proposed to occur via a three enzyme pathway, gamma-glutamyltransferase, cysteinylglycinase (cgase), and cystalysin. in this study, we describe the purification and characterization of t. denticola cgase. standard approaches were used to purify a 52-kda cgase activity from t. d ... | 2008 | 18482986 |
| implication of an outer surface lipoprotein in adhesion of bifidobacterium bifidum to caco-2 cells. | we found that the human intestinal isolate bifidobacterium bifidum mimbb75 strongly adhered to caco-2 cells. proteinase k and lithium chloride treatments showed that proteins play a key role in mimbb75 adhesion to caco-2 cells. by studying the cell wall-associated proteins, we identified a surface protein, which we labeled bopa. we purified the protein chromatographically and found that it functioned as an adhesion promoter on caco-2 cells. in silico analysis of the gene coding for this protein ... | 2008 | 18539800 |
| an interleukin-1beta (il-1beta) single-nucleotide polymorphism at position 3954 and red complex periodontopathogens independently and additively modulate the levels of il-1beta in diseased periodontal tissues. | inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1beta (il-1beta) are involved in the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases. a high individual variation in the levels of il-1beta mrna has been verified, which is possibly determined by genetic polymorphisms and/or by the presence of periodontopathogens such as porphyromonas gingivalis, tannerella forsythia, treponema denticola, and aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. in this study, we investigated the role of an il-1beta promoter single-nucleotide po ... | 2008 | 18541658 |
| invasive differences among porphyromonas gingivalis strains from healthy and diseased periodontal sites. | the purpose of this study was to determine any difference between porphyromonas gingivalis isolates from periodontally healthy sites as compared to those from diseased sites with respect to the ability to invade host cells. | 2008 | 18544120 |
| pcr-based identification of selected pathogens associated with endodontic infections in deciduous and permanent teeth. | the aim of the present study was to evaluate the presence of the selected pathogens in samples from deciduous and permanent tooth root canals by using pcr method and to determine the association of these organisms with clinical symptoms. | 2008 | 18547832 |
| genetic analysis of spirochete flagellin proteins and their involvement in motility, filament assembly, and flagellar morphology. | the filaments of spirochete periplasmic flagella (pfs) have a unique structure and protein composition. in most spirochetes, the pfs consist of a core of at least three related proteins (flab1, flab2, and flab3) and a sheath of flaa protein. the functions of these filament proteins remain unknown. in this study, we used a multidisciplinary approach to examine the role of these proteins in determining the composition, shape, and stiffness of the pfs and how these proteins impact motility by using ... | 2008 | 18556797 |
| [relationship between herpesviruses and periodontal pathogenic bacteria in subgingival plaque]. | to evaluate the prevalence rates of human cytomegalovirus(hcmv) and epstein-barr virus-1(ebv-1) in subgingival plaque and analyze the relationship between herpesviruses, periodontal pathogenic bacteria and periodontal clinical parameters in chinese patients with aggressive periodontitis(agp). | 2008 | 18560463 |
| evidence of multiple treponema phylotypes involved in bovine digital dermatitis as shown by 16s rrna gene analysis and fluorescence in situ hybridization. | the etiopathogenesis of the skin disease digital dermatitis (dd), an important cause of lameness in cattle, remains uncertain. microscopically, the disease appears to be polymicrobial, with spirochetes as the predominant bacteria. the objective of this study was to identify the main part of the bacteria involved in dd lesions of cattle by using culture-independent molecular methods. ten different phylotypes of treponema were identified either by 16s rrna gene sequencing of bacteria from dd lesio ... | 2008 | 18562583 |
| rapid and simple detection of eight major periodontal pathogens by the loop-mediated isothermal amplification method. | loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) was applied to develop a rapid and simple detection system for eight periodontal pathogens: aggregatibacter (actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans, campylobacter rectus, eikenella corrodens, fusobacterium nucleatum, porphyromonas gingivalis, prevotella intermedia, treponema denticola and tannerella forsythia. primers were designed from the 16s ribosomal rna gene for each pathogen, and the lamp amplified the targets specifically and efficiently under ... | 2008 | 18565108 |
| differential gender effects of a reduced-calorie diet on systemic inflammatory and immune parameters in nonhuman primates. | dietary manipulation, including caloric restriction, has been shown to impact host response capabilities significantly, particularly in association with aging. this investigation compared systemic inflammatory and immune-response molecules in rhesus monkeys (macaca mulatta). | 2008 | 18565132 |
| distribution of 10 periodontal bacterial species in children and adolescents over a 7-year period. | there is scant information available regarding the distribution of periodontal bacterial species in children and adolescents over an extended period. the purpose of this study was to compare bacterial profiles in the same individuals over a period of 7 years. | 2008 | 18565147 |
| a porphyromonas gingivalis tyrosine phosphatase is a multifunctional regulator of virulence attributes. | low molecular weight tyrosine phosphatases (lmwtp) are widespread in prokaryotes; however, understanding of the signalling cascades controlled by these enzymes is still emerging. porphyromonas gingivalis, an opportunistic oral pathogen, expresses a lmwtp, ltp1, that is differentially regulated in biofilm communities. here we characterize the enzymatic activity of ltp1 and, through the use of mutants that lack ltp1 or expresses catalytically defective ltp1, show that tyrosine phosphatase activity ... | 2008 | 18573179 |
| analysis of neutrophil-derived antimicrobial peptides in gingival crevicular fluid suggests importance of cathelicidin ll-37 in the innate immune response against periodontogenic bacteria. | during periodontitis, an innate immune response to bacterial challenge is primarily mediated by neutrophils. we compared neutrophilic content and the level of neutrophil-derived antimicrobial peptides in gingival crevicular fluid (gcf) in two clinical forms of severe periodontitis. | 2008 | 18582333 |
| relationship of porphyromonas gingivalis with glycemic level in patients with type 2 diabetes following periodontal treatment. | the aim of this study was to assess the relationship between serum glycemic levels and subgingival microbial profile alteration following periodontal treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. | 2008 | 18582336 |
| periodontal status of patients with dentin dysplasia type i: report of three cases within a family. | dentin dysplasia type i (ddi) is a rare hereditary disturbance of dentin formation. it is characterized by clinically normal-appearing crowns; obliteration of pulp chambers; and short, blunted and malformed roots that are commonly associated with periodontal attachment loss (pal). in this context, we report three cases within a family with similar clinical and radiographic features of ddi but with differing microbiologic and periodontal conditions. | 2008 | 18597615 |
| borrelia burgdorferi vlse antigenic variation is not mediated by reca. | reca is a key protein linking genetic recombination to dna replication and repair in bacteria. previous functional characterization of borrelia burgdorferi reca indicated that the protein is mainly involved in genetic recombination rather than dna repair. genetic recombination may play a role in b. burgdorferi persistence by generation of antigenic variation. we report here the isolation of a reca null mutant in an infectious b. burgdorferi strain. comparison of the in vitro growth characteristi ... | 2008 | 18606826 |
| factors and selenocysteine insertion sequence requirements for the synthesis of selenoproteins from a gram-positive anaerobe in escherichia coli. | selenoprotein synthesis in escherichia coli strictly depends on the presence of a specific selenocysteine insertion sequence (secis) following the selenocysteine-encoding uga codon of the respective mrna. it is recognized by the selenocysteine-specific elongation factor selb, leading to cotranslational insertion of selenocysteine into the nascent polypeptide chain. the synthesis of three different selenoproteins from the gram-positive anaerobe eubacterium acidaminophilum in e. coli was studied. ... | 2008 | 18165360 |
| degradation of complement 3 by streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin b inhibits complement activation and neutrophil opsonophagocytosis. | streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin b (spe b), a cysteine protease, is an important virulence factor in group a streptococcus (gas) infection. the inhibition of phagocytic activity by spe b may help prevent bacteria from being ingested. in this study, we examined the mechanism spe b uses to enable bacteria to resist opsonophagocytosis. using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, we found that spe b-treated serum impaired the activation of the classical, the lectin, and the alternative complement pa ... | 2008 | 18174338 |
| borrelia burgdorferi uniquely regulates its motility genes and has an intricate flagellar hook-basal body structure. | borrelia burgdorferi is a flat-wave, motile spirochete that causes lyme disease. motility is provided by periplasmic flagella (pfs) located between the cell cylinder and an outer membrane sheath. the structure of these pfs, which are composed of a basal body, a hook, and a filament, is similar to the structure of flagella of other bacteria. to determine if hook formation influences flagellin gene transcription in b. burgdorferi, we inactivated the hook structural gene flge by targeted mutagenesi ... | 2008 | 18192386 |
| phylogenetic characterization and prevalence of "spirobacillus cienkowskii," a red-pigmented, spiral-shaped bacterial pathogen of freshwater daphnia species. | microscopic examination of the hemolymph from diseased daphniids in 17 lakes in southwestern michigan and five rock pools in southern finland revealed the presence of tightly coiled bacteria that bore striking similarities to the drawings of a morphologically unique pathogen, "spirobacillus cienkowskii," first described by elya metchnikoff more than 100 years ago. the uncultivated microbe was identified as a deeply branching member of the deltaproteobacteria through phylogenetic analyses of two ... | 2008 | 18192404 |
| the use of rodent models to investigate host-bacteria interactions related to periodontal diseases. | even though animal models have limitations, they are often superior to in vitro or clinical studies in addressing mechanistic questions and serve as an essential link between hypotheses and human patients. periodontal disease can be viewed as a process that involves four major stages: bacterial colonization, invasion, induction of a destructive host response in connective tissue and a repair process that reduces the extent of tissue breakdown. animal studies should be evaluated in terms of their ... | 2008 | 18199146 |
| the genome of pelotomaculum thermopropionicum reveals niche-associated evolution in anaerobic microbiota. | the anaerobic biodegradation of organic matter is accomplished by sequential syntrophic catabolism by microbes in different niches. pelotomaculum thermopropionicum is a representative syntrophic bacterium that catalyzes the intermediate bottleneck step in the anaerobic-biodegradation process, whereby volatile fatty acids (vfas) and alcohols produced by upstream fermenting bacteria are converted to acetate, hydrogen, and carbon dioxide (substrates for downstream methanogenic archaea). to reveal g ... | 2008 | 18218977 |
| three unique groups of spirochetes isolated from digital dermatitis lesions in uk cattle. | bovine digital dermatitis (bdd) is a severe infectious cause of lameness which has spread through dairy cattle populations worldwide, causing serious welfare and agricultural problems. spirochetes are the main organisms implicated and have previously proven difficult to isolate. this study aimed to isolate and characterise the range of spirochetes associated with bdd in the uk. twenty-three spirochete isolates were obtained from 30 bdd lesions, which by 16s rrna gene and flab2 gene analysis clus ... | 2008 | 18243592 |
| novel ultrastructures of treponema primitia and their implications for motility. | members of the bacterial phylum spirochaetes are generally helical cells propelled by periplasmic flagella. the spirochete treponema primitia is interesting because of its mutualistic role in the termite gut, where it is believed to cooperate with protozoa that break down cellulose and produce h(2) as a by-product. here we report the ultrastructure of t. primitia as obtained by electron cryotomography of intact, frozen-hydrated cells. several previously unrecognized external structures were reve ... | 2008 | 18248579 |
| heavy metal tolerance in stenotrophomonas maltophilia. | stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an aerobic, non-fermentative gram-negative bacterium widespread in the environment. s. maltophilia sm777 exhibits innate resistance to multiple antimicrobial agents. furthermore, this bacterium tolerates high levels (0.1 to 50 mm) of various toxic metals, such as cd, pb, co, zn, hg, ag, selenite, tellurite and uranyl. s. maltophilia sm777 was able to grow in the presence of 50 mm selenite and 25 mm tellurite and to reduce them to elemental selenium (se(0)) and tel ... | 2008 | 18253487 |
| heterologous expression of the treponema pallidum laminin-binding adhesin tp0751 in the culturable spirochete treponema phagedenis. | treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum, the causative agent of syphilis, is an unculturable, genetically intractable bacterium. here we report the use of the shuttle vector pkmr4pemcs for the expression of a previously identified t. pallidum laminin-binding adhesin, tp0751, in the nonadherent, culturable spirochete treponema phagedenis. heterologous expression of tp0751 in t. phagedenis was confirmed via reverse transcriptase pcr analysis with tp0751 gene-specific primers and immunofluorescence anal ... | 2008 | 18263731 |
| genome sequence of the saprophyte leptospira biflexa provides insights into the evolution of leptospira and the pathogenesis of leptospirosis. | leptospira biflexa is a free-living saprophytic spirochete present in aquatic environments. we determined the genome sequence of l. biflexa, making it the first saprophytic leptospira to be sequenced. the l. biflexa genome has 3,590 protein-coding genes distributed across three circular replicons: the major 3,604 chromosome, a smaller 278-kb replicon that also carries essential genes, and a third 74-kb replicon. comparative sequence analysis provides evidence that l. biflexa is an excellent mode ... | 2008 | 18270594 |
| transcriptional regulation of nad metabolism in bacteria: genomic reconstruction of niar (yrxa) regulon. | a comparative genomic approach was used to reconstruct transcriptional regulation of nad biosynthesis in bacteria containing orthologs of bacillus subtilis gene yrxa, a previously identified niacin-responsive repressor of nad de novo synthesis. members of yrxa family (re-named here niar) are broadly conserved in the bacillus/clostridium group and in the deeply branching fusobacteria and thermotogales lineages. we analyzed upstream regions of genes associated with nad biosynthesis to identify can ... | 2008 | 18276644 |
| human serum antibodies recognize treponema denticola msp and prtp protease complex proteins. | treponema denticola outer membrane proteins are postulated to have key roles in microbe-host interactions in periodontitis. because there are no reports of in vivo expression of these putative virulence factors, we examined several t. denticola strains to determine whether sera from human subjects recognized specific t. denticola outer membrane proteins. | 2008 | 18279185 |
| increased interleukin-18 in gingival crevicular fluid from periodontitis patients. | this study aimed to measure the levels of interleukin-18 (il-18) in inflamed shallow sites and inflamed deep sites in patients with periodontitis and to compare the data with results from inflamed shallow sites in patients with gingivitis. a secondary aim was to examine the composition of the subgingival microbiota in the sampled sites. | 2008 | 18279187 |
| etiological analysis of initial colonization of periodontal pathogens in oral cavity. | it is unclear when the initial colonization by periodontal pathogens occurs in the oral cavity. therefore, we report here the association between specific age groups and the time when the initial colonization by periodontal pathogens occurs in the oral cavity in such groups. findings are based on an epidemiological analysis of the prevalence of five periodontal pathogens in the oral cavities of a wide range of age populations, from newborn to elderly, who were randomly selected in a geographic r ... | 2008 | 18287326 |
| colonization pattern of periodontal bacteria in japanese children and their mothers. | the purpose of this study was to determine the time of infection by anaerobic gram-negative rods associated with periodontal disease, and to clarify their transmission from mother to child. | 2008 | 18302616 |
| microbial changes in patients with acute periodontal abscess after treatment detected by padotest. | to investigate changes in bacterial counts in subgingival plaque from patients with acute periodontal abscess by iai-padotest. | 2008 | 18302679 |
| treponema denticola msp-deduced peptide conjugate, p34bsa, promotes rhoa-dependent actin stress fiber formation independent of its internalization by fibroblasts. | p34(bsa), a bsa conjugate of a synthetic 10-mer peptide deduced from treponema denticola major outer sheath protein (msp), stabilizes actin filaments in fibroblasts and retards cell motility. we reported previously that it is internalized by cells, binds and bundles actin filaments in vitro, and activates rhoa; yet, its site and mechanism of action were not defined. we have assessed p34(bsa)'s modes of interaction with and signaling to fibroblasts. at 4 degrees c, p34(bsa) was not internalized, ... | 2008 | 18330900 |
| a novel treponema pallidum antigen, tp0136, is an outer membrane protein that binds human fibronectin. | the antigenicity, structural location, and function of the predicted lipoprotein tp0136 of treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum were investigated based on previous screening studies indicating that anti-tp0136 antibodies are present in the sera of syphilis patients and experimentally infected rabbits. recombinant tp0136 (rtp0136) protein was purified and shown to be strongly antigenic during human and experimental rabbit infection. the tp0136 protein was exposed on the surface of the bacterial out ... | 2008 | 18332212 |
| mutl homologs in restriction-modification systems and the origin of eukaryotic morc atpases. | the provenance and biochemical roles of eukaryotic morc proteins have remained poorly understood since the discovery of their prototype morc1, which is required for meiotic nuclear division in animals. the morc family contains a combination of a gyrase, histidine kinase, and mutl (ghkl) and s5 domains that together constitute a catalytically active atpase module. we identify the prokaryotic morcs and establish that the morc family belongs to a larger radiation of several families of ghkl protein ... | 2008 | 18346280 |
| oxyr is involved in coordinate regulation of expression of fima and sod genes in porphyromonas gingivalis. | survival of porphyromonas gingivalis in the constantly changing oral environment depends on its ability to alter gene expression. we demonstrate here that p. gingivalis activates superoxide dismutase expression in response to oxidative stress and represses expression of fima, a subunit of major fimbriae. coordinated expression of fima and sod is regulated by the redox-sensing transcription factor oxyr. mutations in the oxyr gene result in a decreased expression of sod and in an elevated expressi ... | 2008 | 18355277 |
| treponema denticola lipooligosaccharide activates gingival fibroblasts and upregulates inflammatory mediator production. | in response to bacterial challenges, fibroblasts, a major constituent of gingival connective tissue, can produce immunoregulatory cytokines and proteolytic enzymes that may contribute to tissue destruction and the progression of periodontitis, a chronic inflammatory disease affecting tooth-supporting tissues, including alveolar bone. the spirochete treponema denticola is a major etiological agent of periodontitis and can invade oral tissues. the aim of the present study was to investigate the in ... | 2008 | 18366071 |
| estimating the extent of horizontal gene transfer in metagenomic sequences. | although the extent of horizontal gene transfer (hgt) in complete genomes has been widely studied, its influence in the evolution of natural communities of prokaryotes remains unknown. the availability of metagenomic sequences allows us to address the study of global patterns of prokaryotic evolution in samples from natural communities. however, the methods that have been commonly used for the study of hgt are not suitable for metagenomic samples. therefore it is important to develop new methods ... | 2008 | 18366724 |
| site-specific development of periodontal disease is associated with increased levels of porphyromonas gingivalis, treponema denticola, and tannerella forsythia in subgingival plaque. | porphyromonas gingivalis, treponema denticola, and tannerella forsythia (previously t. forsythensis), which are regarded as the principal periodontopathogenic bacteria, exist as a consortium in subgingival biofilms. we aimed to examine quantitative relationships between p. gingivalis, t. denticola, and t. forsythia in subgingival biofilms and the relationship between the quantity and prevalence of these three bacteria and site-specific periodontal health. | 2008 | 18380560 |
| absence of alphavbeta6 integrin is linked to initiation and progression of periodontal disease. | integrin alphavbeta6 is generally not expressed in adult epithelia but is induced in wound healing, cancer, and certain fibrotic disorders. despite this generalized absence, we observed that alphavbeta6 integrin is constitutively expressed in the healthy junctional epithelium linking the gingiva to tooth enamel. moreover, expression of alphavbeta6 integrin was down-regulated in human periodontal disease, a common medical condition causing tooth loss and also contributing to the development of ca ... | 2008 | 18385522 |
| occurrence of herpes simplex virus 1 and three periodontal bacteria in patients with chronic periodontitis and necrotic pulp. | viral and bacterial associations appear to be implicated in the development of periodontal infections. little information is available describing the periodontopathic agents in root canals with necrotic pulp. in this study, the occurrence and the combinations among herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and dialister pneumosintes, tannerella forsythia, and treponema denticola in patients with chronic periodontitis and necrotic pulp were evaluated. clinical samples from healthy subjects and patients ... | 2008 | 18389006 |
| highly conserved surface proteins of oral spirochetes as adhesins and potent inducers of proinflammatory and osteoclastogenic factors. | oral spirochetes include enormously heterogeneous treponema species, and some have been implicated in the etiology of periodontitis. in this study, we characterized highly conserved surface proteins in four representative oral spirochetes (treponema denticola, t. lecithinolyticum, t. maltophilum, and t. socranskii subsp. socranskii) that are homologs of t. pallidum tp92, with opsonophagocytic potential and protective capacity against syphilis. tp92 homologs of oral spirochetes had predicted sign ... | 2008 | 18390996 |
| bleeding on probing differentially relates to bacterial profiles: the oral infections and vascular disease epidemiology study. | various bacterial species are differentially prevalent in periodontal health, gingivitis or periodontitis. we tested the independent associations between three bacterial groupings and gingival inflammation in an epidemiological study. | 2008 | 18400025 |
| effect of glucose on treponema denticola cell behavior. | treponema denticola inhabits the oral subgingival environment and is part of a proteolytic benzoyl-dl-arginine-naphthylamide-positive 'red complex' associated with active periodontal disease. spirochetes have a unique form of chemotactic motility that may contribute to their virulence. chemotaxis is essential for efficient nutrient-directed translocation. | 2008 | 18402610 |
| resistance of porphyromonas gingivalis atcc 33277 to direct killing by antimicrobial peptides is protease independent. | antimicrobial peptides are short, positively charged, amphipathic peptides that possess a wide spectrum of antimicrobial activity and have an important role in the host's innate immunity. lack of, or dysfunctions in, antimicrobial peptides have been correlated with infectious diseases, including periodontitis. porphyromonas gingivalis, a gram-negative anaerobe and a major pathogen associated with periodontal diseases, is resistant to antimicrobial peptides of human and nonhuman origin, a feature ... | 2008 | 18086848 |
| resistance of porphyromonas gingivalis atcc 33277 to direct killing by antimicrobial peptides is protease independent. | antimicrobial peptides are short, positively charged, amphipathic peptides that possess a wide spectrum of antimicrobial activity and have an important role in the host's innate immunity. lack of, or dysfunctions in, antimicrobial peptides have been correlated with infectious diseases, including periodontitis. porphyromonas gingivalis, a gram-negative anaerobe and a major pathogen associated with periodontal diseases, is resistant to antimicrobial peptides of human and nonhuman origin, a feature ... | 2008 | 18086848 |
| multiple phospholipid n-methyltransferases with distinct substrate specificities are encoded in bradyrhizobium japonicum. | phosphatidylcholine (pc) is the major phospholipid in eukaryotic membranes. in contrast, it is found in only a few prokaryotes including members of the family rhizobiaceae. in these bacteria, pc is required for pathogenic and symbiotic plant-microbe interactions, as shown for agrobacterium tumefaciens and bradyrhizobium japonicum. at least two different phospholipid n-methyltransferases (pmta and pmtx) have been postulated to convert phosphatidylethanolamine (pe) to pc in b. japonicum by three c ... | 2008 | 17993534 |
| multiple phospholipid n-methyltransferases with distinct substrate specificities are encoded in bradyrhizobium japonicum. | phosphatidylcholine (pc) is the major phospholipid in eukaryotic membranes. in contrast, it is found in only a few prokaryotes including members of the family rhizobiaceae. in these bacteria, pc is required for pathogenic and symbiotic plant-microbe interactions, as shown for agrobacterium tumefaciens and bradyrhizobium japonicum. at least two different phospholipid n-methyltransferases (pmta and pmtx) have been postulated to convert phosphatidylethanolamine (pe) to pc in b. japonicum by three c ... | 2008 | 17993534 |
| the opportunistic human pathogenic fungus aspergillus fumigatus evades the host complement system. | the opportunistic human pathogenic fungus aspergillus fumigatus causes severe systemic infections and is a major cause of fungal infections in immunocompromised patients. a. fumigatus conidia activate the alternative pathway of the complement system. in order to assess the mechanisms by which a. fumigatus evades the activated complement system, we analyzed the binding of host complement regulators to a. fumigatus. the binding of factor h and factor h-like protein 1 (fhl-1) from human sera to a. ... | 2008 | 18039838 |
| the opportunistic human pathogenic fungus aspergillus fumigatus evades the host complement system. | the opportunistic human pathogenic fungus aspergillus fumigatus causes severe systemic infections and is a major cause of fungal infections in immunocompromised patients. a. fumigatus conidia activate the alternative pathway of the complement system. in order to assess the mechanisms by which a. fumigatus evades the activated complement system, we analyzed the binding of host complement regulators to a. fumigatus. the binding of factor h and factor h-like protein 1 (fhl-1) from human sera to a. ... | 2008 | 18039838 |
| periodontitis may increase the risk of peripheral arterial disease. | the aim of this case control study was to evaluate whether periodontitis was associated with peripheral arterial disease (pad). | 2008 | 17964192 |
| toll-like receptor 2-mediated interleukin-8 expression in gingival epithelial cells by the tannerella forsythia leucine-rich repeat protein bspa. | tannerella forsythia is a gram-negative anaerobe strongly associated with chronic human periodontitis. this bacterium expresses a cell surface-associated and secreted protein, designated bspa, which has been recognized as an important virulence factor. the bspa protein belongs to the leucine-rich repeat (lrr) and bacterial immunoglobulin-like protein families. bspa is, moreover, a multifunctional protein which interacts with a variety of host cells, including monocytes which appear to respond to ... | 2008 | 17967853 |
| toll-like receptor 2-mediated interleukin-8 expression in gingival epithelial cells by the tannerella forsythia leucine-rich repeat protein bspa. | tannerella forsythia is a gram-negative anaerobe strongly associated with chronic human periodontitis. this bacterium expresses a cell surface-associated and secreted protein, designated bspa, which has been recognized as an important virulence factor. the bspa protein belongs to the leucine-rich repeat (lrr) and bacterial immunoglobulin-like protein families. bspa is, moreover, a multifunctional protein which interacts with a variety of host cells, including monocytes which appear to respond to ... | 2008 | 17967853 |
| novel mechanism for conditional aerobic growth of the anaerobic bacterium treponema denticola. | treponema denticola, a periodontal pathogen, has recently been shown to exhibit properties of a facultative anaerobic spirochete, in contrast to its previous recognition as an obligate anaerobic bacterium. in this study, the capacity and possible mechanism of t. denticola survival and growth under aerobic conditions were investigated. factors detrimental to the growth of t. denticola atcc 33405, such as oxygen concentration and hydrogen sulfide (h(2)s) levels as well as the enzyme activities of ... | 2008 | 17981934 |
| salivary detection of periodontopathic bacteria in periodontally healthy children. | salivary occurrence of periodontopathic bacteria is of interest especially in children as a risk indicator for the transmission, development and control of periodontal disease. we assessed the prevalence of aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, porphyromonas gingivalis, tannerella forsythia, prevotella intermedia, prevotella nigrescens and treponema denticola as microbial complexes in the saliva of children with mixed dentition and healthy gingiva. | 2008 | 17869137 |
| the major outer sheath protein of treponema denticola selectively inhibits rac1 activation in murine neutrophils. | treponema denticola major outer sheath protein (msp) inhibits neutrophil chemotaxis in vitro, but key regulatory mechanisms have not been identified. because the rac small gtpases regulate directional migration in response to chemoattractants, the objective was to analyse the effects of msp on formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fmlp)-mediated neutrophil polarization and rac activation in murine neutrophils. msp pretreatment of neutrophils inhibited both polarization and chemotactic migration ... | 2008 | 17868382 |
| porphyromonas gingivalis hmuy and hmur: further characterization of a novel mechanism of heme utilization. | porphyromonas gingivalis hmuy is a putative heme-binding lipoprotein associated with the outer membrane. it is part of an operon together with a gene encoding an outer-membrane hemin utilization receptor (hmur) and four uncharacterized genes. a similar operon organization was found in bacteroides fragilis and b. thetaiotaomicron, with the former containing an additional hmuy homologue encoded upstream of the hmur-like gene. in p. gingivalis cultured under heme-limited conditions, a approximately ... | 2008 | 17922109 |
| porphyromonas gingivalis hmuy and hmur: further characterization of a novel mechanism of heme utilization. | porphyromonas gingivalis hmuy is a putative heme-binding lipoprotein associated with the outer membrane. it is part of an operon together with a gene encoding an outer-membrane hemin utilization receptor (hmur) and four uncharacterized genes. a similar operon organization was found in bacteroides fragilis and b. thetaiotaomicron, with the former containing an additional hmuy homologue encoded upstream of the hmur-like gene. in p. gingivalis cultured under heme-limited conditions, a approximately ... | 2008 | 17922109 |
| detection of treponema denticola in saliva obtained from patients with various periodontal conditions. | the aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of treponema denticola in saliva of periodontally diseased and healthy patients and its relationship with the periodontal status. a 16s rrna-based polymerase chain reaction detection method was used to determine the prevalence of t. denticola in whole saliva samples from patients with chronic periodontitis (cp, n = 37), aggressive periodontitis (agp, n = 24), and healthy subjects (n = 28). the periodontal status of each subject was assessed by ... | 2008 | 17823835 |
| rickettsia phylogenomics: unwinding the intricacies of obligate intracellular life. | completed genome sequences are rapidly increasing for rickettsia, obligate intracellular alpha-proteobacteria responsible for various human diseases, including epidemic typhus and rocky mountain spotted fever. in light of phylogeny, the establishment of orthologous groups (ogs) of open reading frames (orfs) will distinguish the core rickettsial genes and other group specific genes (class 1 ogs or c1ogs) from those distributed indiscriminately throughout the rickettsial tree (class 2 og or c2ogs) ... | 2008 | 19194535 |
| minimum contradiction matrices in whole genome phylogenies. | minimum contradiction matrices are a useful complement to distance-based phylogenies. a minimum contradiction matrix represents phylogenetic information under the form of an ordered distance matrix y(i) (,) (j) (n). a matrix element corresponds to the distance from a reference vertex n to the path (i, j). for an x-tree or a split network, the minimum contradiction matrix is a robinson matrix. it therefore fulfills all the inequalities defining perfect order: y(i) (,) (j) (n) >or= y(i) (,) (k) (n ... | 2008 | 19204821 |
| evolutionary primacy of sodium bioenergetics. | the f- and v-type atpases are rotary molecular machines that couple translocation of protons or sodium ions across the membrane to the synthesis or hydrolysis of atp. both the f-type (found in most bacteria and eukaryotic mitochondria and chloroplasts) and v-type (found in archaea, some bacteria, and eukaryotic vacuoles) atpases can translocate either protons or sodium ions. the prevalent proton-dependent atpases are generally viewed as the primary form of the enzyme whereas the sodium-transloca ... | 2008 | 18380897 |
| buerger disease, smoking, and periodontitis. | weak oral bacteria such as periodontal bacteria or chlamydia pneumoniae have been observed in various arterial and venous lesions with epidemiological data reported prior to the discovery of bacterial invasion into vessels. rich lymph vessels easily bring the bacteria from the mouth to the neck and the venous angle, which is directly open to the blood vessels. periodontal bacteria travel within platelets and chlamydia pneumoniae can be carried by monocytes. the transportation system of other wea ... | 2008 | 23555343 |
| detection of multiple pathogenic species in saliva is associated with periodontal infection in adults. | we investigated whether certain bacterial species and their combinations in saliva can be used as markers for periodontitis. in 1,198 subjects, the detection of multiple species, rather than the presence of a certain pathogen, in saliva was associated with periodontitis as determined by the number of teeth with deepened periodontal pockets. | 2008 | 19020069 |
| detection of multiple pathogenic species in saliva is associated with periodontal infection in adults. | we investigated whether certain bacterial species and their combinations in saliva can be used as markers for periodontitis. in 1,198 subjects, the detection of multiple species, rather than the presence of a certain pathogen, in saliva was associated with periodontitis as determined by the number of teeth with deepened periodontal pockets. | 2008 | 19020069 |
| a comparative study of antimicrobial activity of proroot mta, root mta, and portland cement on actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans. | the purpose of our study was to evaluate the antibacterial effect of proroot mta (prmta), root mta (rmta) and portland cement (pc) at their clinical concentration (70 mg/25 µl) against actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (aa) one of the prominent periodontal (pocket) microorganisms. | 2008 | 24082905 |
| host defense peptides in the oral cavity and the lung: similarities and differences. | peptides with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity are found in the mucosal surfaces at many sites in the body, including the airway, the oral cavity, and the digestive tract. based on their in vitro antimicrobial and other immunomodulatory activities, these host defense peptides have been proposed to play an important role in the innate defense against pathogenic microbial colonization. the genes that encode these peptides are up-regulated by pathogens, further supporting their role in innate ... | 2008 | 18809744 |
| inflammation as a potential mediator for the association between periodontal disease and alzheimer's disease. | periodontal disease (pdd) is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, and mortality in many studies, while other studies have begun to suggest an association of pdd with alzheimer's disease (ad). this paper discusses how infectious pathogens and systemic infection may play a role in ad. the roles of infection and inflammation are addressed specifically with regard to known ad pathologic lesions including senile plaques, neuron death, neurofibrillary tang ... | 2008 | 19183779 |
| periodontal profile and presence of periodontal pathogens in young african-americans from salvador, ba, brazil. | this cross-sectional study evaluated the periodontal status and the presence of periodontopathogens in 132 young, black ethnic subjects who live in salvador/bahia-brazil and have never smoked. periodontal probing depth (ppd), clinical attachment level (cal), plaque index (pi) and gingival index (gi) were measured and analyzed by anova and wilcoxon tests (p<0.05) according to gender and age. the presence of a.actinomycetemcomitans, p.gingivalis, e.corrodens and f.nucleatum was determined by pcr a ... | 2008 | 24031206 |
| a review of the relationship between tooth loss, periodontal disease, and cancer. | recent studies have investigated the association between periodontal disease, tooth loss, and several systemic diseases including cancer, cardiovascular disease, and preterm birth. periodontal disease, a chronic inflammatory condition, is highly prevalent in adult populations around the world, and may be preventable. estimates of prevalence vary between races and geographic regions, with a marked increase in the occurrence of periodontal disease with advancing age. worldwide estimates for the pr ... | 2008 | 18478344 |
| energy metabolism among eukaryotic anaerobes in light of proterozoic ocean chemistry. | recent years have witnessed major upheavals in views about early eukaryotic evolution. one very significant finding was that mitochondria, including hydrogenosomes and the newly discovered mitosomes, are just as ubiquitous and defining among eukaryotes as the nucleus itself. a second important advance concerns the readjustment, still in progress, about phylogenetic relationships among eukaryotic groups and the roughly six new eukaryotic supergroups that are currently at the focus of much attenti ... | 2008 | 18468979 |
| kindler syndrome and periodontal disease: review of the literature and a 12-year follow-up case. | the association of aggressive periodontitis with kindler syndrome was based on a single case in 1996 and later confirmed with a larger population. since then, significant research has greatly increased our understanding of the molecular pathology of this disorder. we review recent advances in the molecular mechanisms of the syndrome and present a maintenance case report of a patient who has been followed in our clinic. | 2008 | 18454678 |
| beyond good and evil in the oral cavity: insights into host-microbe relationships derived from transcriptional profiling of gingival cells. | in many instances, the encounter between host and microbial cells, through a long-standing evolutionary association, can be a balanced interaction whereby both cell types co-exist and inflict a minimal degree of harm on each other. in the oral cavity, despite the presence of large numbers of diverse organisms, health is the most frequent status. disease will ensue only when the host-microbe balance is disrupted on a cellular and molecular level. with the advent of microarrays, it is now possible ... | 2008 | 18296603 |
| a scenario on the stepwise evolution of the genetic code. | it is believed that in the rna world the operational (ribozymes) and the informational (riboscripts) rna molecules were created with only three (adenosine, uridine, and guanosine) and two (adenosine and uridine) nucleosides, respectively, so that the genetic code started uncomplicated. ribozymes subsequently evolved to be able to cut and paste themselves and riboscripts were acceptive to rigorous editing (adenosine to inosine); the intensive diversification of rna molecules shaped novel cellular ... | 2008 | 18267295 |
| a scenario on the stepwise evolution of the genetic code. | it is believed that in the rna world the operational (ribozymes) and the informational (riboscripts) rna molecules were created with only three (adenosine, uridine, and guanosine) and two (adenosine and uridine) nucleosides, respectively, so that the genetic code started uncomplicated. ribozymes subsequently evolved to be able to cut and paste themselves and riboscripts were acceptive to rigorous editing (adenosine to inosine); the intensive diversification of rna molecules shaped novel cellular ... | 2008 | 18267295 |
| drinking habits are associated with changes in the dental plaque microbial community. | caries and gingivitis are the most prevalent oral infectious diseases of humans and are due to the accumulation of dental plaque (a microbial biofilm) on the tooth surface and at the gingival margin, respectively. several in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that many natural components of foods and beverages inhibit the adhesion of and/or exert activity against oral bacteria. these biological activities have mainly been attributed to the polyphenol fraction. in order to explore the possibili ... | 2009 | 19955272 |
| drinking habits are associated with changes in the dental plaque microbial community. | caries and gingivitis are the most prevalent oral infectious diseases of humans and are due to the accumulation of dental plaque (a microbial biofilm) on the tooth surface and at the gingival margin, respectively. several in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that many natural components of foods and beverages inhibit the adhesion of and/or exert activity against oral bacteria. these biological activities have mainly been attributed to the polyphenol fraction. in order to explore the possibili ... | 2009 | 19955272 |
| association of systemic oxidative stress with suppressed serum igg to commensal oral biofilm and modulation by periodontal infection. | to assess the impact of systemic oxidative stress on humoral immune responses, we examined the relation between levels of serum 8-isoprostane and serum igg antibodies against 17 microorganisms in the commensal oral biofilm among the aric population of community-dwelling adults (n = 4,717). bivariately, serum 8-isoprostane was associated with age, race/center, education, smoking, serum triglycerides, and the extent of periodontal disease severity. total igg antibody directed to the oral biofilm w ... | 2009 | 19496702 |
| tnf-alpha and antibodies to periodontal bacteria discriminate between alzheimer's disease patients and normal subjects. | the associations of inflammation/immune responses with clinical presentations of alzheimer's disease (ad) remain unclear. we hypothesized that tnf-alpha and elevated antibodies to periodontal bacteria would be greater in ad compared to normal controls (nl) and their combination would aid clinical diagnosis of ad. plasma tnf-alpha and antibodies against periodontal bacteria were elevated in ad patients compared with nl and independently associated with ad. the number of positive igg to periodonta ... | 2009 | 19767111 |
| pathophysiology of age-related diseases. | a symposium regarding the pathophysiology of successful and unsuccessful ageing was held in palermo, italy on 7-8 april 2009. three lectures from that symposium by g. campisi, l. ginaldi and f. licastro are here summarized. ageing is a complex process which negatively impacts on the development of various bodily systems and its ability to function. a long life in a healthy, vigorous, youthful body has always been one of humanity's greatest dreams. thus, a better understanding of the pathophysiol ... | 2009 | 19737378 |
| clinical and microbiological benefits of strict supragingival plaque control as part of the active phase of periodontal therapy. | to compare the clinical and microbiological effects of scaling and root planing (srp) alone or combined with mechanical [professional plaque control (ppc)] or chemical [chlorhexidine rinsing (chx)] control of supragingival plaque in the treatment of chronic periodontitis. | 2009 | 19703236 |
| prevalence of periodontal pathogens in coronary atherosclerotic plaque of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery. | chronic bacterial infections have been associated with an increased risk for atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease. the ability of oral pathogens to colonize in coronary atheromatous plaque is well known. the aim of our study was to detect the presence of four common periodontal pathogens in coronary plaques. we detected the presence of 16s rrna of treponema denticola, eikenella corrodens, porphyromonas gingivalis and campylobacter rectus in subgingival and atherosclerotic plaques of cabg ... | 2009 | 23139486 |
| distinctive features of the microbiota associated with different forms of apical periodontitis. | microorganisms infecting the dental root canal system play an unequivocal role as causative agents of apical periodontitis. although fungi, archaea, and viruses have been found in association with some forms of apical periodontitis, bacteria are the main microbial etiologic agents of this disease. bacteria colonizing the root canal are usually organized in communities similar to biofilm structures. culture and molecular biology technologies have demonstrated that the endodontic bacterial communi ... | 2009 | 21523208 |
| the oral microbiota: living with a permanent guest. | the oral cavity of healthy individuals contains hundreds of different bacterial, viral, and fungal species. many of these can associate to form biofilms, which are resistant to mechanical stress or antibiotic treatment. most are also commensal species, but they can become pathogenic in responses to changes in the environment or other triggers in the oral cavity, including the quality of an individual's personal hygiene. the complexity of the oral microbiome is being characterized through the new ... | 2009 | 19485767 |
| periodontitis in pregnancy: clinical and serum antibody observations from a baboon model of ligature-induced disease. | chronic oral infections that elicit host responses leading to periodontal disease are linked with various sequelae of systemic diseases. this report provides seminal information on the clinical and adaptive immunologic characteristics of a baboon model of ligature-induced periodontitis during pregnancy. | 2009 | 19563297 |
| oral microbiology: past, present and future. | since the initial observations of oral bacteria within dental plaque by van leeuwenhoek using his primitive microscopes in 1680, an event that is generally recognized as the advent of oral microbiological investigation, oral microbiology has gone through phases of "reductionism" and "holism". from the small beginnings of the miller and black period, in which microbiologists followed koch's postulates, took the reductionist approach to try to study the complex oral microbial community by analyzin ... | 2009 | 20687296 |
| uncovering metabolic pathways relevant to phenotypic traits of microbial genomes. | identifying the biochemical basis of microbial phenotypes is a main objective of comparative genomics. here we present a novel method using multivariate machine learning techniques for comparing automatically derived metabolic reconstructions of sequenced genomes on a large scale. applying our method to 266 genomes directly led to testable hypotheses such as the link between the potential of microorganisms to cause periodontal disease and their ability to degrade histidine, a link also supported ... | 2009 | 19284550 |
| principles and applications of polymerase chain reaction in medical diagnostic fields: a review. | recent developments in molecular methods have revolutionized the detection and characterization of microorganisms in a broad range of medical diagnostic fields, including virology, mycology, parasitology, microbiology and dentistry. among these methods, polymerase chain reaction (pcr) has generated great benefits and allowed scientific advancements. pcr is an excellent technique for the rapid detection of pathogens, including those difficult to culture. along with conventional pcr techniques, re ... | 2009 | 24031310 |
| probing the macromolecular organization of cells by electron tomography. | a major goal in cell biology is to understand the functional organization of macromolecular complexes in vivo. electron microscopy is helping cell biologists to achieve this goal, thanks to its ability to resolve structural details in the nanometer range. while issues related to specimen preparation, imaging, and image interpretation make this approach to cell architecture difficult, recent improvements in methods, equipment, and software have facilitated the study of both important macromolecul ... | 2009 | 19185480 |
| molecular microbial diagnosis. | 2009 | 19878468 | |
| vaccines and photodynamic therapies for oral microbial-related diseases. | the mouth is a favorable habitat for a great variety of bacteria. microbial composition of dental plaque is the usual cause of various oral diseases in humans, including dental caries, periodontal disease and halitosis. in general, oral antibacterial agents such as antibiotics are commonly used to treat oral bacterial infection. traditional periodontal surgery is painful and time-consuming. in addition, bacterial resistance and toxicity of antibiotics have become a global pandemic and unavoidabl ... | 2009 | 19149517 |
| toll gates to periodontal host modulation and vaccine therapy. | 2009 | 19878475 | |
| rapid universal identification of bacterial pathogens from clinical cultures by using a novel sloppy molecular beacon melting temperature signature technique. | a real-time pcr assay with the ability to rapidly identify all pathogenic bacteria would have widespread medical utility. current real-time pcr technologies cannot accomplish this task due to severe limitations in multiplexing ability. to this end, we developed a new assay system which supports very high degrees of multiplexing. we developed a new class of mismatch-tolerant "sloppy" molecular beacons, modified them to provide an extended hybridization range, and developed a multiprobe, multimelt ... | 2009 | 19923485 |
| rapid universal identification of bacterial pathogens from clinical cultures by using a novel sloppy molecular beacon melting temperature signature technique. | a real-time pcr assay with the ability to rapidly identify all pathogenic bacteria would have widespread medical utility. current real-time pcr technologies cannot accomplish this task due to severe limitations in multiplexing ability. to this end, we developed a new assay system which supports very high degrees of multiplexing. we developed a new class of mismatch-tolerant "sloppy" molecular beacons, modified them to provide an extended hybridization range, and developed a multiprobe, multimelt ... | 2009 | 19923485 |
| target selection and annotation for the structural genomics of the amidohydrolase and enolase superfamilies. | to study the substrate specificity of enzymes, we use the amidohydrolase and enolase superfamilies as model systems; members of these superfamilies share a common tim barrel fold and catalyze a wide range of chemical reactions. here, we describe a collaboration between the enzyme specificity consortium (enspec) and the new york sgx research center for structural genomics (nysgxrc) that aims to maximize the structural coverage of the amidohydrolase and enolase superfamilies. using sequence- and s ... | 2009 | 19219566 |
| electron cryotomography: a new view into microbial ultrastructure. | electron cryotomography (ect) is an emerging technology that allows thin samples such as small bacterial cells to be imaged in 3d in a nearly native state to 'molecular' (approximately 4nm) resolution. as such, ect is beginning to deliver long-awaited insight into the positions and structures of cytoskeletal filaments, cell wall elements, motility machines, chemoreceptor arrays, internal compartments, and other ultrastructures. here we briefly explain ect, review its recent contributions to micr ... | 2009 | 19427259 |
| microbiologic changes in subgingival plaque after removal of fixed orthodontic appliances. | to evaluate changes that occur in the subgingival microbiota after removal of fixed orthodontic appliances using polymerase chain reaction (pcr). | 2009 | 19852608 |
| the effect of diode laser (980 nm) treatment on aggressive periodontitis: evaluation of microbial and clinical parameters. | the aim was to compare the effect of scaling and root planing (srp) alone, diode laser treatment (las) alone, and srp combined with las (srp + las) on clinical and microbial parameters in patients with aggressive periodontitis. | 2009 | 19196111 |