Publications

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lyme disease and antibiotic prophylaxis. 19892758829
practicing in lyme disease territory. 19892758828
legal implications of uncertainty in lyme disease. 19892758826
sharing the task of lyme disease. public education. 19892758825
lyme disease and pregnancy. 19892758822
a prospective study of tick bites in an endemic area for lyme disease. 19892758821
national surveillance of lyme disease, 1987-1988.in 1987 and 1988, 6876 lyme disease cases from 43 states were reported to the centers for disease control. the 4507 cases reported in 1988 was nearly double the case number reported in 1987, and ninefold the number reported in 1982, when a systematic system of national surveillance was established. the average annual incidence of reported lyme disease in the united states in 1987-1988 was 1.4/100,000. new york led the nation in reported cases in 1988 with 57% of the cases reported nationally. ei ...19892758820
lyme disease. 19892758818
ticks, lyme disease, and spotted fever. 19892739954
late cutaneous lyme disease: acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans. 19892729343
catching the bug: how scientists found the cause of lyme disease and why we're not out of the woods yet. 19892667891
lyme disease prevention: personal protection and prospects for tick control. 19892667889
surveillance for lyme disease in alabama.to estimate the frequency of occurrence of lyme disease in alabama, in september 1988 the department of public health requested physicians and laboratories to begin voluntary reporting of cases of lyme disease. thirteen cases, 5 confirmed, 1 probable, 4 presumptive and 3 possible, were reported for the years 1986-1988. counties in which tick exposure likely occurred included calhoun, cleburne, mobile, monroe, shelby, talladega and tallapoosa. lyme disease occurs in alabama but appears to be unco ...19892729028
[lyme disease in the child]. 19892665685
lyme disease: a review and an outlook for indiana. 19892656848
[lyme disease. recurrence of the skin lesion after treatment]. 19892716391
[meningo-radiculitis in lyme disease resistant to penicillin g]. 19892523059
evaluation of the intrathecal antibody response to borrelia burgdorferi as a diagnostic test for lyme neuroborreliosis.the intrathecal antibody response to borrelia burgdorferi was evaluated in american and west german patients with lyme neuroborreliosis. by an antibody capture enzyme immunoassay, 12 (92%) of 13 patients from the usa with lyme meningitis were found to have intrathecal antibody production to b. burgdorferi, usually of multiple isotypes, most commonly iga. of 12 patients with putative late central nervous system manifestations of lyme disease, 5 (42%) had local production of igg or iga spirochetal ...19902345301
cefotaxime versus penicillin in the late stage of lyme disease--prospective, randomized therapeutic study.the low responsiveness of lyme arthritis to high dose intravenous penicillin g therapy has evoked the demand for new drugs for the treatment of late stage borreliosis. as can be deduced from in vitro susceptibility data, third generation cephalosporins are far more effective on borrelia burgdorferi spirochetes than penicillin g. the study presented here was designed to compare cefotaxime at a dosage of 2 x 3 g/day with penicillin g at a dosage of 2 x 10 megaunits/day, for ten days in a prospecti ...19902179134
effects of bovine serum albumin on the ability of barbour-stoenner-kelly medium to detect borrelia burgdorferi.the ability of decreasing inocula of borrelia burgdorferi to grow in otherwise identical barbour-stoenner-kelly (bsk) media containing different lots of bovine serum albumin (fraction v) was determined. these media differed significantly in ability to detect b. burgdorferi. some bsk media required inocula of 2 x 10(5) organisms per ml for detection, while other media could stimulate growth after inoculation with less than 2 organisms per ml. in addition, organisms from the less sensitive bsk med ...19902179264
lyme borreliosis in laboratory animals: effect of host species and in vitro passage of borrelia burgdorferi.the susceptibility of several common laboratory animal species to a known pathogenic isolate of borrelia burgdorferi (n40) was evaluated following intraperitoneal (ip) inoculation of 10(6-8) spirochetes into 3-day-old lewis rats, cd-1 mice, syrian hamsters, and 3-week-old american dutch rabbits. at 30 days, tissues were cultured for spirochetes and examined histologically. all species developed multisystemic infection as well as arthritis and carditis, but disease was most severe in rats and mic ...19902143358
in-vitro and in-vivo susceptibility of borrelia burgdorferi to azithromycin.the in-vitro and in-vivo susceptibility of borrelia burgdorferito tetracycline, erythromycin and azithromycin was investigated. a macrodilution broth technique was used to determine mbcs. b. burgdorferi was most susceptible to azithromycin (mbc 0.04 mg/l) followed by erythromycin (mbc 0.16 mg/l) and tetracycline (mbc 1.6 mg/l). syrian hamsters were used to determine ed50s for the three antimicrobials. azithromycin was most effective in the elimination of spirochaetes from experimentally infected ...19902154436
[recent information on tick-borne diseases (i)].tick-borne encephalitis (central european encephalitis) and lyme disease (erythema chronicum migrans) are diseases mainly transmitted by ticks of the ixodes ricinus species. the tick-borne encephalitis, a virus infection, can produce severe encephalitic symptoms. there is no specific treatment but the infection can be prevented by active or passive immunization. lyme disease is caused by a spirochete (borrelia burgdorferi). due to the variety of often uncharacteristic symptoms this infection is ...19902158155
lyme disease. a general survey. 19902133980
cogan's syndrome and seroreactivity to lyme borreliosis.we document the case of a young woman with bilateral nonluetic, interstitial keratitis, vestibuloauditory problems, and bilateral recurrent facial palsies, who had strongly positive serologic tests of lyme borreliosis. to our knowledge, this is the first reported case of positive serologic tests for borrelia burgdorferi in a patient with cogan's syndrome.19902141863
[lyme disease (review of foreign literature)]. 19902084345
in-vitro susceptibility of borrelia burgdorferi and borrelia hermsii to ten antimicrobial agents.the in-vitro activity of ten antimicrobial agents against four strains of borrelia burgdorferi originating both in the united states and europe and against one isolate of b. hermsii was investigated. ceftriaxone, erythromycin and roxithromycin were the most active drugs against both borrelia species studied, with minimum bactericidal concentrations ranging from 0.015 micrograms/ml to 0.125 micrograms/ml.19902093104
prevalence of borreliae in ixodes ricinus ticks from southern moravia, czechoslovakia.a total of 378 adult ixodes ricinus ticks were collected by flagging vegetation in four localities of two districts (breclav, znojmo) in south moravia and examined microscopically. borreliae were identified in giemsa-stained midgut smears from 32 (i.e. 8.5%) ticks (9.4% females, 7.2% males); the infection rate varied between 0.0 and 11.4% in the four localities examined. among female ticks, significantly more were found to be infected in autumn (19.7%) than in spring (5.8%). dark-field (df) and ...19902093618
[reflex sympathetic dystrophy. a new manifestation of lyme disease?].several syndromes derived from the involvement of central and peripheral nervous system and meninges have been reported in the infection by borrelia burgdorferi. the features of autonomic nervous system involvement have received a marginal attention. reflex sympathetic dystrophy is an autonomic picture characterized by regional sympathetic hyperactivity which has not been associated with lyme disease. we report a 16-year-old female with clinical, radiological and scintigraphic features consisten ...19902095902
[skin manifestations of infection by borrelia burgdorferi].interest in lyme's disease is recent in spain. we review the dermatological features of the disease caused by b. burgdorferi, its differential diagnosis and its therapy, with reference to three patients with borrelia burgdorferi infection in whom the diagnosis was made on the basis of the dermatological picture. one patient had migratory erythema developing from the umbilical area, where he had been bitten by a tick. another patient had arthritis of the knee and meningoradiculitis, together with ...19902095903
[antibodies against borrelia burgdorferi in a population group from valladolid]. 19902098134
antibodies to borrelia burgdorferi in dogs in hokkaido.during 1985 to 1990, serum samples were obtained from 229 healthy dogs. the dogs lived in hokkaido, known to be infested with ticks. an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was used to detect igg and igm antibodies against borrelia burgdorferi ho14 and hp3, which were isolated from ixodes ovatus and i. persulcatus in the area. igg antibody to b. burgdorferi ho14 was detected in 8.8% (1985), 16.4% (1987) and 18.5% (1990). igm antibody to the bacteria was detected in 1.8% (1987) and 2.5% (199 ...19902098630
[the prevalence of borrelia burgdorferi antibodies in a population at risk].given the increasing interest in lyme borreliosis in our community, and the lack of epidemiological studies in our country, we have considered convenient to analyze the presence of anti-borrelia burgdorferi antibodies in a group of workmen who we have considered at high risk since they carry out their everyday work in an environment infested by ticks. significant antibody titers (= or greater than 1/128) are found in 38% of cases versus 0% in the control group. the significance of these results ...19902102530
serologic survey of selected zoonotic disease agents in black-tailed jack rabbits from western texas.a serologic survey for the agents of rocky mountain spotted fever (rmsf) (rickettsia rickettsii), borrelia spp. including the causative agent for lyme disease (borrelia burgdorferi), and plague (yersinia pestis) was conducted on blood samples collected from 30 and 46 black-tailed jack rabbits (lepus californicus) from an urban environment in lubbock, texas (usa) during winter 1987 and the following spring 1988, respectively. antibody titers to the agents of rmsf and borreliosis were detected in ...19902106044
lyme carditis in immunodeficient mice during experimental infection of borrelia burgdorferi.recently, we described the severe combined immunodeficiency (scid) mouse as a laboratory model for b. burgdorferi infection. scid mice inoculated with the virulent low-passage tick isolate borrelia burgdorferi zs7 developed a severe pancarditis involving endocardium, myocardium and epicardium in the absence of functional b- or t-cells. soon after inoculation perivascular infiltration was observed, later diffuse infiltration of the interstitium of the subendocardial and subepicardial areas was se ...19902114691
imported malaria associated with malariotherapy of lyme disease--new jersey. 19902123017
zoonotic infections in northern ireland farmers.evidence of past zoonotic infection was investigated serologically in randomly selected northern ireland farmers. the percentage of farmers with antibody was: brucella abortus (0.7), leptospira interrogans serovars (8.1), borrelia burgdorferi (14.3), toxoplasma gondii (73.5), coxiella burnetii (28.0), chlamydia psittaci (11.1) and hantavirus (1.2). the results show that northern ireland farmers have been exposed in the past to zoonotic infections. it is not known if these infections contributed ...19902123457
borrelia burgdorferi in ticks of the canton tessin (switzerland).in the northern alps it is hard to find an ixodes ricinus population which does not harbour borrelia burgdorferi. the infection rates range from 5 to 34% for adults and nymphs to 3.1% for larvae. this study shows that the infection rates on the southern side of the alps are similar, at 25% for adults, 36.2% for nymphs and 3.2% for larvae. with respect to tick species other than i. ricinus, we did not succeed in finding any spirochetes in dermacentor marginatus, haemaphysalis punctata, ixodes hex ...19902132440
plasmid analysis and restriction fragment length polymorphisms of chromosomal dna allow a distinction between borrelia burgdorferi strains.we examined the relationships of the genomes of five strains of borrelia burgdorferi isolated from ticks, two from north america, including the type strain b31, and three from switzerland. we determined restriction fragment length polymorphisms by using eight cloned dna fragments as hybridization probes to genomic southern blots. two divergent patterns were observed, represented by b31 and one swiss strain on the one hand and the two other swiss strains on the other. the second american strain r ...19901979740
clinical implications of delayed growth of the lyme borreliosis spirochete, borrelia burgdorferi.lyme borreliosis, a spirochetal infection caused by borrelia burgdorferi, may become clinically active after a period of latency in the host. active cases of lyme disease may show clinical relapse following antibiotic therapy. the latency and relapse phenomena suggest that the lyme disease spirochete is capable of survival in the host for prolonged periods of time. we studied 63 patients with erythema migrans, the pathognomonic cutaneous lesion of lyme borreliosis, and examined in vitro cultures ...19901980573
antibodies to borrelia burgdorferi in guillain-barré syndrome. 19901971906
borrelia burgdorferi elisa titres in children with recent mumps meningitis. 19901975314
borrelia burgdorferi and tropical spastic paraparesis. 19901978014
sequestration of antibody to borrelia burgdorferi in immune complexes in seronegative lyme disease.to find out whether apparent seronegativity in patients strongly suspected of having lyme disease can be due to sequestration of antibodies in immune complexes, such complexes were isolated and tested for antibody to borrelia burgdorferi. in a blinded analysis the antibody was detected in all 10 seronegative lyme disease patients with erythema chronicum migrans (ecm), in none of 19 patients with other diseases, and in 4 of 12 seronegative patients who probably had lyme disease but had no ecm. th ...19901967770
lack of transmission of borrelia burgdorferi by blood transfusion. 19901968566
comparative in vitro and in vivo susceptibilities of the lyme disease spirochete borrelia burgdorferi to cefuroxime and other antimicrobial agents.the in vitro and in vivo susceptibilities of the lyme disease pathogen borrelia burgdorferi to cefuroxime were compared with those of several other antibiotics commonly used to treat this disease. cefuroxime demonstrated a higher mbc in vitro (1.0 microgram/ml) than ceftriaxone (0.08 microgram/ml) or erythromycin (0.32 microgram/ml), but the mbc was similar to that of amoxicillin (0.8 microgram/ml) and doxycycline (1.6 micrograms/ml). b. burgdorferi was considerably less susceptible to tetracycl ...19902073103
persistence of borrelia burgdorferi and histopathological alterations in experimentally infected animals. a comparison with histopathological findings in human lyme disease.gerbils appear to be susceptible to infection by human isolates of borrelia burgdorferi; we obtained 100% infection. isolation of the b. burgdorferi from different organs six months post infection causes a generalized infection thus demonstrating that borreliae persist in these animals for a long period. spirochetemia was present for 14 days, apparently in two intervals. the borrelia burgdorferi specific antibody titers increased with time after infection thus indicating the persistence of spiro ...19902076905
lyme disease in the highlands.serological results for borrelia burgdorferi were examined for one year. the results suggest a 'pocket' of infection in one highland general practice. in this practice, most of the patients had exposure to tick bites and rashes were frequent. there were difficulties in relating serological results to clinical features and management of some patients.19902077648
experimental infection of the white-footed mouse with borrelia burgdorferi.laboratory raised white-footed mice (peromyscus leucopus) were inoculated experimentally with live spirochetes (borrelia burgdorferi), the etiologic agent of lyme disease (borreliosis). prior to inoculation, mouse sera were tested with an indirect fluorescent antibody test, and all mice were seronegative. all inoculated mice seroconverted. in tick transmission studies, immature stages of ixodes dammini and dermacentor variabilis attached and fed to repletion on mice, but only i dammini transferr ...19902085225
antigenic cross-reactivity between borrelia burgdorferi, borrelia recurrentis, treponema pallidum, and treponema phagedenis.the antigenic cross-reactivity between different borrelia and treponema species was determined by the indirect immunofluorescence antibody test and sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis followed by immunoblotting. the protein profiles of borrelia burgdorferi, borrelia recurrentis, treponema pallidum, and treponema phagedenis revealed essential differences. using immunoblotting, rabbit immune sera to b. burgdorferi and b. recurrentis exhibited strong cross-reactivities to het ...19902085371
purification of the borrelia burgdorferi flagellum by use of a monoclonal antibody.the flagellum associated polypeptide p41 is an immunodominant antigen of borrelia burgdorferi in the early and late stages of lyme borreliosis. p41 was prepared by affinity chromatography using monoclonal antibody specific for p41. an immunoglobulin class specific elisa (igm-, igg-elisa) was established with purified p41 as antigen and compared to the conventional elisa with whole cell ultrasonic antigen. whereas the sensitivity of igm- and igg-elisa was comparable in both antigen preparations, ...19902087234
vector roles of fennoscandian mosquitoes attracted to mammals, birds and frogs.1. mosquitoes were sampled with five suction traps, from may to october 1983, at a forest site in south-central sweden. 2. twenty-three species of mosquitoes were identified among the total of 3108 females collected: 4% of them in an unbaited trap, 3% in a trap baited with two frogs, 24% with a guinea-pig, 28% with a hen and 40% in a trap baited with a rabbit. 3. the dominant species of culicidae trapped were 39% aedes communis (de geer), 21% ae. cinereus meigen, 14% coquillettidia richiardii (f ...19901983455
detection of borrelia burgdorferi infection in ixodes dammini ticks with the polymerase chain reaction.the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was used to amplify dna sequences of the etiologic agent of lyme disease, borrelia burgdorferi, and was applied to the detection of the spirochete in its tick vector. the target for pcr amplification was the osp-a gene of strain b31; analysis of isolates from different geographical areas indicated that this gene could be used to identify most north american isolates. these methods were extended to the analysis of colony-derived and field-collected ixodes dammi ...19901969867
amoxycillin plus probenecid versus doxycycline for treatment of erythema migrans borreliosis.72 adults with erythema migrans (early lyme borreliosis) were enrolled in a randomised prospective trial comparing amoxycillin 500 mg plus probenecid 500 mg three times a day with doxycycline 100 mg twice a day for 21 days. these antibiotic regimens were chosen because of the known in-vitro sensitivity of borrelia burgdorferi, the antibiotic tissue penetration, the pharmacokinetics of the drugs, and because the organism can disseminate early in the course of infection. 72 patients were evaluable ...19901978873
spirochetal forms in the dermal lesions of morphea and lichen sclerosus et atrophicus.morphea and lichen sclerosus et atrophicus are cutaneous diseases that are manifest by an early edematous stage, followed later by sclerosis and atrophy. they share features with acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans and erythema chronicum migrans, diseases that have been linked to infection by the spirochete borrelia burgdorferi. a modified silver stain was used to identify the presence of spirochetes in skin biopsy specimens of patients with morphea and lichen sclerosus et atrophicus. spirocheta ...19902393064
simultaneous infection with an ehrlichia and borrelia burgdorferi in a child. 19902378481
ceftriaxone therapy of chronic inflammatory arthritis. a double-blind placebo controlled trial.to determine whether chronic inflammatory arthritis may respond to antibiotic therapy (implying a bacterial origin), we conducted a placebo-controlled, double-blind study. sixty patients with inflammatory arthritis and antibody titers to borrelia burgdorferi 1:64 or more were randomized to receive placebo (n = 20) or 2 g/d of ceftriaxone intravenously (n = 40) for 2 weeks. two of 20 placebo- and 19 of 40 antibiotic-treated patients improved. at 1 month, the placebo-treated patients could elect t ...19902383162
the role of medium-sized mammals as reservoirs of borrelia burgdorferi in southern new york.the ability of raccoons (procyon lotor), striped skunks (mephitis mephitis) and opossums (didelphis virginiana) to serve as reservoirs of borrelia burgdorferi, the spirochetal agent of lyme disease, was compared with that of white-footed mice (peromyscus leucopus). twenty-eight (28) medium-sized mammals and 34 white-footed mice were captured in westchester county, new york (usa) in summer 1986. animals were caged over pans of water for 1 to 2 days to recover engorged tick larvae (ixodes dammini) ...19902388356
lyme disease. 19902392409
[recurrent and relapsing course of borreliosis of the nervous system].the clinical variability of chronic infections due to borrelia burgdorferi is greater than previously thought. three personal cases are presented in an overview, together with cases from the literature. chronic spastic para- and quadriparesis, transverse myelitis and recurrent hemiparesis have been noted in such cases. frequently, there is additional involvement of the cranial nerves. chronic polyneuritis, mononeuritis multiplex, as well as plexus neuritis can also occur. psychiatric manifestati ...19902408240
[infestation of ticks with borrelia burgdorferi and francisella tularensis in slovakia].examination of ticks for the presence of f. tularensis resulted in the isolation of 29 strains, predominantly from the species d. reticulatus (19x), further from i. ricinus (8x) and from h. concinna (2x). the results confirmed the activity of the known endemic focus in the area of podunajské biskupice and revealed three new foci in the localities smolenice (district of trnava), olichov (district of nitra), and plást'ovce (district of levice). in the focus of podunajské biskupice the mean infesta ...19902376012
[choriocapillaritis (so-called pigment epitheliitis) in borrelia burgdorferi seroconversion].a significant b. burgdorferi seroconversion with an igm of 1:80 was observed in a patient complaining of loss of vision in his right eye. the finding correlated morphologically with hyperpigmentation and depigmentation in the macular region, similar to pigment epitheliitis or choriocapillaritis. in the course of the following four weeks the igm decreased by four titer steps. the visual acuity of the patient's right eye recovered from 0.4 on admission to 1.0 on discharge. the angiogram did not re ...19902376946
lyme disease. employee education and treatment.lyme disease is a complex multisystem disorder that begins with the bite from the ixodes tick. the ixodes tick carries the spirochete, borrelia burgdorferi, and infects humans with the spirochete. the initial symptoms of lyme disease are the erythema chronicum migrans, or "bull's eye" rash, and flu-like symptoms. stage iii of lyme disease can occur weeks to months after the initial infection when more serious complications may develop, such as neurologic, cardiac, or ophthalmologic problems. if ...19902375798
aspects of the diagnosis of lyme borreliosis.attempts were made to culture spirochetes from the cerebrospinal fluid of 105 patients with suspected lyme borreliosis with neurological complications. at the final evaluation, only 38 patients fulfilled the criteria of neuroborreliosis. spirochetes were cultured from the cerebrospinal fluid of four of these patients. all four had pleocytosis in their cerebrospinal fluid and a history of neurological symptoms of only four to ten days. two had no detectable antibodies in their cerebrospinal fluid ...19902371553
[occurrence of borrelia burgdorferi in ixodes ricinus in the netherlands].in a 1989 surveillance to study the infection rate of ixodes ricinus ticks with borrelia burgdorferi, a total of 1838 nymphal and adult ixodes ricinus ticks were collected from 20 locations in the netherlands. by means of a culture method using modified barbour-kelly-stoenner medium nymphs were examined in pools of 4 and adults were examined individually. with 63 out of 75 isolates propagation and serological identification were possible. all of these 63 isolates were identified as borrelia burg ...19902374615
subadult ixodes ricinus (acari: ixodidae) on rodents in berlin, west germany.to identify hosts that may serve as reservoirs for the agent of lyme disease in central europe, we determined whether ixodes ricinus l. feed most frequently on certain rodents and whether the abundance of these hosts corresponds to the season of feeding activity of the tick in four sites in berlin, federal republic of germany. in addition, we correlated abundance of i. ricinus with that of particular rodent hosts. two small rodents were more abundant than any others; a mouse, apodemus flavicolli ...19902332880
[encephalomyelitis with elevated serum antibody against borrelia burgdorferi].a 60-year-old female was admitted because of intermittent fever, arthralgia, itching of whole body, pretibial edema, urinary incontinence, pain of both legs and gait disturbance, after an insect bite. on admission, she had fever of 38 degrees c, and nuchal pain and stiffness. neurological examination revealed spasticity of lower legs and increased deep tendon reflexes of all extremities. hyperesthesia and hyperalgesia were noted on c2-4 and l5-s5 areas. leukocyte count was 10,100/mm3 and crp was ...19902364635
monoclonal antibodies specific for the outer surface protein a (ospa) of borrelia burgdorferi prevent lyme borreliosis in severe combined immunodeficiency (scid) mice.we have recently shown that viable borrelia burgdorferi organisms induce a chronic infection associated with arthritis and carditis in severe combined immunodeficiency (scid) mice but not in immunocompetent mice. the disease is similar to that found in patients suffering from lyme disease. we now show that b. burgdorferi-specific immune mouse sera as well as a monoclonal antibody to the spirochetal outer surface antigen a (31 kda) but not monoclonal antibodies specific for the 41-kda antigenic c ...19902339119
borrelia burgdorferi infection: should one treat before confirming clinical diagnosis? 19902370207
serologic survey for borrelia burgdorferi antibody in horses referred to a mid-atlantic veterinary teaching hospital.blood samples obtained from 13 of 100 (13%) and 6 of 91 (7%) horses at the george d. widener hospital for large animals in the months of june and october, respectively, had antibody to borrelia burgdorferi as determined by elisa. horses from the states of new york, maryland, delaware, new jersey, and pennsylvania were seropositive for b burgdorferi. the frequency of antibody response in horses from new jersey was greater (p less than 0.05) than the frequency of antibody response in horses from p ...19902332371
serologic analyses of cottontail rabbits for antibodies to borrelia burgdorferi.an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was developed to detect antibodies to borrelia burgdorferi in cottontail rabbits captured in millbrook, n.y., and new york, n.y. five antigenically variable strains of b. burgdorferi were analyzed to determine the variability of serologic test results. in analyses of 79 serum samples, seropositivity ranged from 56% for a strain cultured from kidney tissues of a cottontail rabbit to 68% for a strain isolated from a larva of ixodes dentatus, a tick that parasit ...19902351732
histopathological findings in the central and peripheral nervous systems in neuroborreliosis. a report of three cases.very little is known about tissue changes and pathophysiological mechanisms in garin-boujadoux-bannwarth syndrome. we report histopathological findings in the central and peripheral nervous systems of three typical cases. in the acute stage of the disease mononuclear perivascular infiltrations with mainly t-helper cells were the prominent finding, whereas after treatment there was no vessel involvement. the fibre changes in the peripheral nervous system consisted of axonal degeneration. no borre ...19902355235
lyme disease in dogs. 19902356605
[multiple sclerosis or lyme disease? a diagnosis problem of exclusion].there is no diagnostic biological marker in multiple sclerosis. thus, its diagnosis is based on clinical criteria. these criteria can also be found in other conditions. lyme disease is currently among them. in a late period of the disease demyelinating involvement of central nervous system can develop, and multiple sclerosis can be erroneously diagnosed. we have evaluated a series of 55 patients with a definite diagnosis of multiple sclerosis, and we have found evidence of infection by the causa ...19902388492
persistent atrioventricular block in lyme borreliosis.cardiac manifestations are reported in 0.3%-4.0% of european patients with borrelia burgdorferi (b.b.) infection. usually symptoms disappear within 6 weeks. we report a case with persistent impairment of atrioventricular (av) conduction. diagnosis was confirmed by demonstration of igm antibodies and increase of igg antibody titers against b.b. in serum, by isolation of the spirochete from skin biopsy material and by the typical clinical combination of erythema migrans, bannwarth syndrome (mening ...19902348647
intrinsic competence of three ixodid ticks (acari) as vectors of the lyme disease spirochete.we compared the intrinsic vector competence of ixodes dammini spielman et al., dermacentor variabilis (say), and amblyomma americanum (l.) for the lyme disease spirochete (borrelia burgdorferi johnson et al.) on prudence island, rhode island, a lyme disease-endemic site where all three ticks occur together. natural and experimental spirochete infection rates were determined in those ticks and their degree of contact with white-footed mice (peromyscus leucopus), the principal reservoir host, was ...19902388239
survival of borrelia burgdorferi in human blood stored under blood banking conditions.hematogenous dissemination of organisms occurs in many spirochetal diseases, including lyme disease and syphilis. although syphilis has been transmitted by transfusion, in the vast majority of cases, only fresh blood products were involved, in part because treponema pallidum survives poorly when refrigerated in citrated blood. because of the rising incidence of lyme disease in certain areas, whether its causative agent, borrelia burgdorferi, could survive under blood banking conditions was studi ...19902349627
acute reversible diffuse conduction system disease due to lyme disease.during the acute phase of lyme disease, a 56-year-old man without previous heart disease developed complete heart block with alternating left and right bundle branch block pattern qrs complexes. electrophysiological study performed in the acute phase revealed marked hv prolongation, although the level of heart block was at the atrioventricular node. the heart block was mildly symptomatic and resolved (as did the bundle branch block) with antibiotic therapy. lyme disease may cause reversible his- ...19901701888
an immunological study of lyme disease.84 patients in the second or third stages of serologically diagnosed lyme disease suffering from different forms of central as well as peripheral nervous system involvement were tested for the participation of autoimmune mechanisms. cell hypersensitivity to the encephalitogenic basic protein and to antigens from peripheral myelin was evaluated on an opton cytopherometer according to the effect of the macrophage slowing factor--liberated during short-term incubation of sensibilized lymphocytes by ...19901700949
immunological differentiation between neuroborreliosis and multiple sclerosis.neuroborreliosis, a tick-borne spirochaetosis of the central nervous system, is diagnosed by the presence of intrathecally synthesized borrelia burgdorferi-specific antibodies. multiple sclerosis and neuroborreliosis can show similarities in clinical symptoms as well as lymphocytic cell reactions and oligoclonal bands in the isoelectric focusing of cerebrospinal fluid. to differentiate between multiple sclerosis and neuroborreliosis we tested intrathecally synthesized igm and virus antibodies. t ...19902074447
association of chronic lyme arthritis with hla-dr4 and hla-dr2 alleles.a small percentage of patients infected with borrelia burgdorferi have chronic lyme arthritis that does not respond to antibiotic therapy. to learn whether genetically determined variations in the host immune response might account for such outcomes, we determined the immunogenetic profiles of 130 patients with various manifestations of lyme disease.19902078208
complement fixation test for the diagnosis of lyme disease.sera from 43 patients were tested for complement-fixing antibodies to borrelia burgdorferi; these patients included 8 with confirmed lyme disease, 21 who were serologically positive but not likely to have lyme disease, and 14 who were serologically negative. seven individuals, all confirmed lyme disease patients, had complement-fixing antibodies. complement fixation may be a useful confirmatory test for lyme disease.19902182679
serologic tests for lyme disease. interlaboratory variability.the serologic test for the detection of antibodies to borrelia burgdorferi is the most frequently used laboratory method for the diagnosis of lyme disease. however, the insensitivity of the assays and the interlaboratory variability are frequent problems. to determine the extent of this variability, one aliquot of serum from each of nine patients with a history of lyme disease was sent to nine reference laboratories, including national, university, state, and local hospital laboratories. a secon ...19902183731
[anti-borrelia burgdorferi antibodies in chronic erythema migrans, benign lymphadenosis cutis, scleroderma and scleroatrophic lichen].fiftyone patients with a diagnosis of erythema chronicum migrans (ecm), lymphadenosis cutis benigna (labc), systemic progressive sclerosis, localized scleroderma and lichen sclerosus et atrophicans were investigated in order to obtain serological evaluation of borrelia burgdorferi circulating antibodies. in addition sera from 9 patients with pellagroid erythema, prurigo and panniculitis were performed: in these dermatoses there was no evidence of a possible borrelia relationship. indirect immuno ...19902079346
antimicrobial agents in lyme disease. 19902184157
[false positive serological tests for borrelia burgdorferi in patients with primary antiphospholipid syndrome].serological tests for borrelia burgdorferi were carried out in a series of 27 patients with primary antiphospholipid syndrome (papls). the results showed a 14% prevalence of false positive lyme disease serology in this patient population. in patients with papls and false positive serologic tests for borrelia burgdorferi neurological involvement was significantly more common (p = 0.012, fisher's exact test) than in patients with papls without that finding. we insist on the possibility that patien ...19902082109
analysis of t lymphocytes cloned from the synovial fluid and blood of a patient with lyme arthritis.cloned t lymphocytes reactive with borrelia burgdorferi proteins were isolated from a patient with chronic lyme arthritis. all of the t cell clones which proliferated in response to borrelia proteins were cd3 + cd4 + cd8 - tcr alpha beta + and hla-dr restricted. one t cell clone (gn30) exhibited hla-dr-restricted cytotoxic activity against antigen-presenting cells pulsed with borrelia antigen. in response to borrelia antigen, the t cell clones produced tnf-alpha, inf-gamma, and gm-csf. there are ...19902083228
epidemiological and aetiological evidence for transmission of lyme disease by adult ixodes persulcatus in an endemic area in china.involvement of adult ixodes persulcatus ticks in the transmission of lyme disease in hailin county, heilongjiang province, china, is reported. in 1986 from april through august adult i. persulcatus was the dominant tick in this endemic area with an infection rate of 43% for the lyme disease spirochaete, borrelia burgdorferi. the incidence of lyme disease cases presenting the symptom of erythema chronicum migrans (ecm) within this area was correlated with the seasonal abundance of adult i. persul ...19902083990
comparison of flagellum and sonicate antigens for serological diagnosis of lyme borreliosis.a sonicate antigen and two concentrations of a purified flagellum antigen of borrelia burgdorferi were compared for serological diagnosis of lyme borreliosis by an enzyme immunoassay (eia). generally, the higher concentration of flagellum antigen was found to be superior to the lower concentration, which was diluted eight times compared to the higher concentration. the diagnostic sensitivity for igg antibody detection increased from 13% in the sonicate eia to 31% in the best flagellum eia assay ...19902186910
peripheral facial palsy in childhood--lyme borreliosis to be suspected unless proven otherwise.27 consecutive cases with acute peripheral facial palsy were studied for lyme borreliosis. in 16 out of 27 children lyme borreliosis could be diagnosed by detection of specific igm antibodies in csf. csf findings allow a clear distinction according to etiology. all children with facial palsy due to lyme borreliosis revealed lymphocytic csf pleocytosis, whereas in cases of unknown etiology csf was usually normal. bilateral facial palsy occurred only in children with lyme borreliosis. all cases wi ...19902085110
management of lyme disease.the microbiology, transmission, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of lyme disease are reviewed. lyme disease, a tick-borne syndrome, was first described in 1975. the etiologic agent of lyme disease is borrelia burgdorferi, a slow-growing spirochete. lyme disease is the most prevalent tick-borne disease in this country; endemic areas in the united states include the northeastern, north central, and western regions. both infectious and immunologic mechan ...19902180624
lyme disease: a review.in the last decade, lyme borreliosis has emerged as a complex new infection whose distribution is worldwide. the multisystem disorder, which primarily affects the skin, joints, heart and nervous system at different stages, is caused by the tick-borne spirochaete borrelia burgdorferi. after the first weeks of infection almost all patients have a positive antibody response to the spirochaete and serological determinations are currently the most practical laboratory aid in diagnosis. treatment with ...19902107856
[morphaea profunda].a 47-year-old woman with a solitary morphoea profunda on the flexor aspect of the left thigh is described. clinically the lesion is characterized by a circumscribed, deeply indurated sclerotic plaque. the main histopathological features were sclerotic collagen changes and a striking accumulation of inflammatory cells in the deep dermis as well as in the subcutaneous tissue. plasma cells and t- and b-lymphocytes were the predominant cellular components of the infiltrate. the patient had an elevat ...19902188936
[an evaluation of different methods for making vital preparations for the detection of borrelia in ixodid ticks].comparative assessment of suitability of darkfield microscopy of the preparation from the ticks dissected by needles in a drop of saline for evaluation of spontaneous infection rate of unfed imago ticks--vectors of lyme disease--has been made, by using ix. persulcatus and ix. ricinus collected in leningrad province as models. examination of 100 individuals by parallel exploration of the glass-covered drops and the preparations from the middle intestine of the ticks demonstrated the presence of b ...19902191203
[diagnosis of lyme disease]. 19902192136
[borrelia burgdorferi infection. i. aspects of basic research, current approach for diagnosis and therapy].in this review article the current concepts on the infection caused by borrelia burgdorferi are presented. the problems associated with the diagnosis and therapy of the borrelia burgdorferi infection are pointed out. a series of monoclonal antibodies recognizing borrelia burgdorferi-associated antigens is presented. in collaborative research projects these antibodies were used for molecular biological (cloning and sequencing of borrelia burgdorferi antigens) and immunological (protection experim ...19902089023
characterization of the heat shock response and identification of heat shock protein antigens of borrelia burgdorferi.the heat shock response of borrelia burgdorferi b31 cells was characterized with regard to the heat shock proteins (hsps) produced. five to seven hsps were detected by sodium dodecyl sulfate-gel electrophoresis and fluorography of proteins from cells labeled with [35s]methionine after shifts from 33 degrees c to 37 or 40 degrees c or from 20 degrees c to 33, 37, or 40 degrees c. analysis of [35s]methionine-labeled hsps by two-dimensional electrophoresis and autoradiography revealed 12 hsps. west ...19902194963
detection of serum antibodies against borrelia burgdorferi with some commercially available serological tests.sixty-three sera were analysed for antibodies against borrelia burgdorferi with an in-house indirect immunofluorescence assay. thirty-nine sera were positive (titer greater than or equal to 256), seven borderline (titer 128) and 17 negative (titer less than or equal to 64). these results were compared with results obtained with four different commercial assays for detection of such antibodies. indirect immunofluorescence tests yielded most positive results. the flagellin elisa test detected anti ...19902093855
nocturnal detachment of the tick ixodes hexagonus from nocturnally active hosts.to determine whether the pattern of engorgement of ixodes hexagonus leach (acarina: ixodidae) in central europe may influence host specificity, the host relationships of the sub-adult stages of this tick were examined and the time of detachment compared with the activity patterns of various candidate vertebrate hosts. the main hosts for i. hexagonus appear to be hedgehog and fox. this tick species seems to be incapable of feeding on any rodent commonly encountered in the study region, or on rept ...19902133008
characterization of borrelia burgdorferi associated antigens by monoclonal antibodies.in this paper, we present a series of murine mab recognizing b. burgdorferi antigens. the antibodies were characterized by immuno-blotting and immuno-fluorescence studies using isolates of b. burgdorferi from north america and europe, respectively. moreover, reactivity of the antibodies with recombinant b. burgdorferi flagellin and ospa was studied. the results suggest these anti-b. burgdorferi mab as valuable tools for the serological analysis of b. burgdorferi isolates and for affinity-purific ...19902099905
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