Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| transmission of hepatitis c virus from mothers with chronic hepatitis c without human immunodeficiency virus. | 1992 | 1328406 | |
| [analysis of hepatitis c virus rna from semen and urine of the patients with chronic type c hepatitis]. | 1992 | 1328417 | |
| [studies on hepatitis c virus infection in haemodialysis patients]. | to examine the prevalence of hepatitis c virus (hcv) in haemodialysis patients without blood transfusion in hiroshima prefecture, antibody to hcv (anti-hcv) was studied by the ortho elisa kit in sera from 393 consecutive haemodialysis patients and in sera from 510 age and sex matched healthy members of the general population (control). an additional confirmatory test was done by a recombinant immunoblot assay. 1) anti-hcv was detected in 70 of the 393 dialysis patients and 3 of the 510 healthy c ... | 1992 | 1328419 |
| expression and characterization of glycoprotein gp35 of hepatitis c virus using recombinant vaccinia virus. | complementary dna clones corresponding to one of the putative structural regions of the hepatitis c virus (hcv) genome were obtained from sera of non-a non-b hepatitis patients. the putative envelope gene was expressed by using a recombinant vaccinia virus carrying this region of the hcv genome. in cells infected with the recombinant vaccinia virus, a glycosylated protein with an m(r) of about 35k (gp35) was specifically detected by convalescent sera from hepatitis c patients. the sera from rabb ... | 1992 | 1328487 |
| quantitation of hepatitis c virus rna by competitive polymerase chain reaction. | since the amount of hepatitis c virus (hcv) rna might be correlated with the degree of severity of hepatitis and response to treatment, quantitation of hcv rna in serum was established using competitive polymerase chain reaction (pcr). known amounts of a plasmid containing hcv-cdna were co-amplified with a standard dilution series of a competitive template which shared the primers' sequences but differed from the wild type cdna in having a deletion. accurate quantitation was obtained by comparin ... | 1992 | 1328502 |
| prevalence of hepatitis-c virus infection in children with chronic post-transfusion hepatitis. | the prevalence of hepatitis-c virus (hcv) infection was investigated in a group of children with chronic post-transfusion hepatitis using a first- and second-generation hcv-antibody elisa, 2 confirmatory tests (a second-generation recombinant immunoblot assay and a line immunoassay) as well as an hcv-polymerase chain reaction (pcr). in 33% of the children, clear discrepancies were observed between the 4 different hcv-antibody detection assays, indicating that the serological diagnosis of hcv inf ... | 1992 | 1328503 |
| detection of hepatitis "c" virus in formalin-fixed liver tissue by nested polymerase chain reaction. | interpretation of antibody to hepatitis c virus (hcv) in patients with liver disease is difficult due to false-positive reactivity in some conditions. to evaluate the feasibility of hcv in archival material, hcv was sought in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded liver biopsy specimens. nested polymerase chain reaction was used to detect hepatitis c virus in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded liver biopsy specimens after total rna was extracted from tissue by proteinase k digestion and phenol/chlorof ... | 1992 | 1328505 |
| [quantitation of viral rna using competitive-pcr]. | 1992 | 1328704 | |
| [detection of hepatitis c virus rna with nested polymerase chain reaction by a single tube method]. | 1992 | 1328720 | |
| [heterogeneity of hepatitis c virus (hcv) genomes and primer selection for detecting of hcv virus rna with polymerase chain reaction assay]. | 1992 | 1328721 | |
| [the relationship between the amount of hepatitis c virus quantified by multi-cyclic rt-pcr (mrt-pcr) and several stage of the chronic liver diseases]. | 1992 | 1328731 | |
| secondary structure of the 5' nontranslated regions of hepatitis c virus and pestivirus genomic rnas. | the rna genomes of human hepatitis c virus (hcv) and the animal pestiviruses responsible for bovine viral diarrhea (bvdv) and hog cholera (hchv) have relatively lengthy 5' nontranslated regions (5'ntrs) sharing short segments of conserved primary nucleotide sequence. the functions of these 5'ntrs are poorly understood. by comparative sequence analysis and thermodynamic modeling of the 5'ntrs of multiple bvdv and hchv strains, we developed models of the secondary structures of these rnas. these p ... | 1992 | 1329037 |
| prevalence of antibodies against hepatitis b and c viruses among different groups of medical staff. | the prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis c virus (anti-hcv) among the medical staff of a department of infectious diseases and a dialysis unit was studied (n = 80). among medical staff from some selected emergency and operating units at elevated risk for blood exposure (n = 231) the prevalence of antibodies to both hepatitis b and c viruses was determined. three out of 311 staff members tested (0.96%) were positive for anti-hcv, 1 from an emergency unit and 2 from surgery departments. 14/231 te ... | 1992 | 1329188 |
| anti-hepatitis c virus screening at the natal blood transfusion service. | 1992 | 1329235 | |
| [chronic hepatitis c. experience with 50 patients]. | we studied 50 patients (36 males and 14 females) with chronic hepatitis c who were admitted consecutively to our medical department during the period 1987-91. eight patients (16%) had had a blood transfusion, 17 (34%) had used intravenous drugs and 25 (50%) were "sporadic cases" with no identifiable risk factor except that at least five had been tattooed. most of the patients had moderate symptoms, including tiredness and asthenia. few were jaundiced. a percutaneous liver biopsy was performed in ... | 1992 | 1329264 |
| p26 protein and 33-nm particle associated with nucleocapsid of hepatitis c virus recovered from the circulation of infected hosts. | hepatitis c virus (hcv) has not yet been cultured or visualized. we attempted to recover hcv-associated particles from plasma of infected humans to assess the natural properties of the virus. starting with 720 ml of donor plasma containing high titer of hcv core antigen elisa activities, we identified hcv core antigen activity and viral rna enriched in a potassium bromide density gradient fraction with a density of 1.115 g/ml. icosahedron-shaped particles with an average diameter of 33 nm were l ... | 1992 | 1329328 |
| blood donor screening or 'over-screening': how far to go in avoiding transmission of infectious agents? | 1992 | 1329352 | |
| liver transplantation for acute or chronic liver failure by hepatitis non-a, non-b and hepatitis c viral infections: a postoperative follow-up. | orthotopic liver transplantation (olt) was performed for liver failure related to hepatitis non-a, non-b (hnanb) or hepatitis c (hcv) infections in 12 patients. of those, 8 patients had chronic and 4 acute hepatic failure. to determine the incidence of recurrent infection, the clinical course, histological findings and serological hcv markers (hcv-rna and detection of anti hcv antibodies, respectively) were comparatively studied in these patients. recurrent infection was apparent in 5 of 6 patie ... | 1992 | 1329365 |
| hepatitis c virus in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. | rna extracted from plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with chronic hepatitis c were used as the template for reverse transcription followed by double in vitro enzymatic amplification with nested primers. hepatitis c virus was detected in 14 of 15 (93.3%) plasma specimens and in 8 of 15 (53.3%) peripheral blood mononuclear cell specimens obtained from patients with chronic hepatitis c and abnormal liver functions. the results suggest that hepatitis c virus could be found fr ... | 1992 | 1329485 |
| hepatitis c virus rna in urine, saliva, and sweat. | 1992 | 1329499 | |
| painful diffuse osteosclerosis after intravenous drug abuse. | we identify a new syndrome of acquired painful diffuse osteosclerosis associated with past intravenous drug abuse in two adults. | 1992 | 1329508 |
| [type c hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma]. | recently the number of hepatitis c virus antibody (hcv-ab) positive male cases with hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) is increasing only in japan mainly for two reasons. one is that cases with liver cirrhosis are surviving longer than before. the other is the increasing number of hcc cases receiving blood transfusions at operations approximately 30 years ago. the prognosis of ns' 4 positive cases was worse than ns' 4 negative cases with hcv-ab positive chronic hepatitis. the rate of hcv-ab and hbsa ... | 1992 | 1329669 |
| [hepatitis c virus]. | hepatitis c virus, major causative agent of parenterally transmitted non-a non-b hepatitis was identified by choo et al. in 1988 using molecular biology technologies. this virus contains a positive stranded rna genome, it has been shown to have a small diameter. these structure and properties suggest that hcv shares many features in common with pestiviruses and flaviviruses. after many years of research, two major objectives were reached: -the identification of viral genome and the main purified ... | 1992 | 1329790 |
| [serological diagnosis of anti-hcv antibodies. tests for screening and confirmation: analytical study. le groupe "hépatites virales" de la société française de transfusion sanguine]. | four screening and five confirmatory elisa 2nd generation tests for anti-hcv serological diagnostic purpose are detailed herein. all studied assays were indirect elisa procedures. solid phase are coated with viral antigens (synthetic peptides or recombinant proteins) corresponding to structural and non structural hcv genes. solid phase antigenic adsorbent, assay procedures and interpretations of results are analysed. | 1992 | 1329791 |
| [european acute transfusion hepatitis interferon study (eathis)]. | since 1989, a prospective, multicentric and collaborative study, named european acute transfusion hepatitis interferon study (eathis), involving 16 blood centres in france is coordinated by a task force in collaboration with the viral hepatitis and recipients working groups of the french national society of blood transfusion. a phase of recipient screening may be completed by a therapeutic interferon protocol. among 1,476 transfused recipients receiving an average of 4.4 blood components, 1,011 ... | 1992 | 1329792 |
| [hepatitis c virus and transfusion: policy regarding the donation and the donor. groupe "hépatites virales" de la société nationale de transfusion sanguine]. | hepatitis c virus (hcv) discovery and introduction of anti-hcv antibodies screening in blood transfusion imply the necessity of a good blood donations and blood donors policy. detection of a seropositivity during the screening must be completed with a confirmatory test. the results are directly used to inform donors and define the blood products policy. donors with positive results on confirmatory test are discarded and have physical and biological examinations in hepatology. individuals with in ... | 1992 | 1329793 |
| [importance of pcr in the diagnosis of hepatitis c]. | the identification of hepatitis c virus, based on dna amplification, gives a precise estimation of the prevalence of the most frequent agent of nanb hepatitis. the first elisa allowing the detection of anti-hcv antibodies, had too many false positive results and required the development of more sensitive and specific assays to confirm its results. pcr, allowing the hepatitis c virus diagnosis by showing directly hcv rna sequences, offers a complementary approach to immunoserological tests. in bl ... | 1992 | 1329794 |
| a method for attachment of peptides to a solid surface with enhanced immunoreactivity. | another method has been developed to attach synthetic peptides to solid supports for use in enzyme immunoassays. the method is based on passively adsorbing a synthetic peptide to a solid-phase support, then further attaching more of the same peptide by means of cross-linking to the previously adsorbed peptide. this method results in highly enhanced peptide immunoreactivity compared with that obtained with standard methodologies. | 1992 | 1329860 |
| lichen planus, liver kidney microsomal (lkm1) antibodies and hepatitis c virus antibodies. | no anti-liver kidney microsomal (lkm1) antibodies were detected in 46 patients with lp, 16 of whom had also a chronic liver disease (cld). in contrast, anti-hepatitis c virus (hcv) antibodies were found in 10% of patients with lp and in 50% of those with lp and cld. anti-hcv antibodies may be considered as a false-positive reaction in 56% of cases, especially when anti-lkm1 antibodies are present. our findings do not support such a hypothesis, but suggest that cld in lp patients is, at least in ... | 1992 | 1330094 |
| hepatitis c virus does not cause nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. | the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (nash) remains poorly understood. since inflammation and fatty changes are associated with hepatitis c (hcv) infection, we have tested the role of hcv in the genesis of nash. five consecutive cases of classic nash were tested by abbott anti-c100-3 eia and polymerase chain reaction (pcr) to detect hcv-rna. all serum specimens were negative for anti-c100-3 (or anti-hcv eia) and hcv pcr. based on this study, we conclude that hcv does not play a causa ... | 1992 | 1330460 |
| interaction between alcohol consumption and positivity for antibodies to hepatitis c virus on the risk of liver cirrhosis: a case-control study. provincial group for the study of chronic liver disease. | to assess the risk of developing liver cirrhosis associated with alcohol consumption, hbv and hcv infection markers, we carried out a case-control study involving 115 patients admitted to the medical departments of the general hospitals in the province of l'aquila (abruzzo, italy) who received for the first time the diagnosis of liver cirrhosis, and 167 controls randomly selected among patients admitted to the same hospitals as the cases. alcohol intake was measured in all 282 subjects using an ... | 1992 | 1330673 |
| infection by hepatitis b and c virus in non-intravenous drug using female prostitutes in spain. | we have studied the prevalence of hepatitis b (hbv) and hepatitis c virus (hcv) serologic markers in female blood donors and in female prostitutes and the relationship of antibodies to hepatitis b core antigen (anti-hbc) and of antibodies to hcv (anti-hcv) with the presence of treponemal antibodies (fta-abs) in non-intravenous drug using female prostitutes. hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) was found in 1.0% of the female blood donors, anti-hbc in 15.6% and anti-hcv in 0.7%. in the prostitutes ... | 1992 | 1330674 |
| hepatitis type c virus infection in patients with type b chronic liver disease. | anti-c100-3 (ortho) was determined in the sera of 152 patients with hbs antigen-positive chronic liver diseases to assess coinfection of hepatitis b virus (hbv) and hepatitis c virus (hcv). eleven patients (7.2%) were positive for anti-c100-3. anti-cp-9 (okamoto) and hcv-rna (rt-pcr) were also examined in these 11 patients. anti-cp-9 was detected in 7 patients and hcv-rna was detected in all 11 patients. four of the 11 anti-c100-3-positive patients were positive for hbe antigen (hbeag) and other ... | 1992 | 1330796 |
| alanine aminotransferase and hcv-rna responses following interferon therapy of hcv-rna positive chronic hepatitis. | interferon (ifn) has been shown to be effective for chronic hepatitis c. this study investigated changes of alanine aminotransferase (alt) and hcv-rna in chronic hepatitis c patients treated with alpha-ifn. ifn was given to 73 patients with hcv-rna positive chronic hepatitis c. the pattern of changes in alt activity after ifn administration was classified into five types. type 1 was characterized by normalization of alt (< or = 25 k.u) during ifn administration and sustained normalization after ... | 1992 | 1330798 |
| anti-hepatitis c virus in the elderly: a seroepidemiological study in a home for the aged. | a seroepidemiological survey of anti-hepatitis c virus (anti-hcv) was carried out in 315 institutionalized elderly people. hbv serum markers were tested in the same sera. clinical details were also studied in the anti-hcv-positive subjects. the overall prevalence of anti-hcv was 2.2%, while the prevalence of hbv serum markers was 36.8% (the hbsag prevalence was 0.6%). in 1 subject anti-hcv was found in association with hbsag positivity. serum transaminase levels were found within the normal rang ... | 1992 | 1330832 |
| serum autoantibodies and the diagnosis of type-1 autoimmune hepatitis in italy: a reappraisal at the light of hepatitis c virus infection. | antinuclear antibodies with the homogeneous pattern (ana-h) and smooth muscle antibodies with antiactin specificity (sma-aa) are regarded as the serum markers of type-1 autoimmune chronic hepatitis. their diagnostic relevance, however, has been questioned recently after the detection of signs of hepatitis c virus infection in autoimmune chronic hepatitis patients. to further evaluate this point, antihepatitis c virus antibodies were sought by two second generation assays (elisa 2 and riba 2) in ... | 1992 | 1330845 |
| hepatitis c virus reinfection in allografts after orthotopic liver transplantation. | from september 1988 to may 1991, 160 orthotopic liver transplantations were performed in our hospital. twenty-four patients had end-stage cirrhosis caused by chronic non-a, non-b hepatitis. antibodies against hepatitis c virus were documented before and after orthotopic liver transplantation in 13 patients. studies using the polymerase chain reaction demonstrated hepatitis c virus rna in the serum and liver tissue of 17 patients (10 of whom tested positive for hepatitis c virus antibodies) befor ... | 1992 | 1330865 |
| overexpression of p53: a rare event in a large series of white patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. | mutant p53 has been found in a wide variety of human malignancies including carcinomas of the lung, breast and colon. because of the controversial mutational rate of the p53 gene in hepatocellular carcinoma, a large series of liver tumors from white patients with different risk factors was examined immunohistochemically for expression of the p53 mutant to assess its prevalence and the relationships between p53 overexpression and clinicopathological data. nine of 58 specimens were found to have d ... | 1992 | 1330867 |
| correlation between the serum level of hepatitis c virus rna and disease activities in acute and chronic hepatitis c. | the influence of viremia on hepatic injury in patients infected with hepatitis c virus was examined by analysis of the relationship between alanine aminotransferase activity and the amount of hepatitis c virus rna in sequential serum samples from i untreated patient with acute hepatitis c and 3 untreated patients with chronic hepatitis c. semiquantitative analysis by the competitive-reverse-transcription/polymerase-chain-reaction method indicated that the quantity of hepatitis c virus rna in the ... | 1992 | 1330930 |
| examination of the buoyant density of hepatitis c virus by the polymerase chain reaction. | sucrose and cesium chloride density gradients were used to fractionate hepatitis c virus (hcv) infectious chimpanzee plasma. the fractionated plasma was then evaluated for hcv rna sequences using cdna synthesis and the polymerase chain reaction (cdna/pcr). cdna/pcr detectable hcv rna was identified repeatedly in two regions. one region was at the top of the gradients with a buoyant density of < or = 1.03 g/cm3, the other at a density of approximately 1.18-1.21 g/cm3. | 1992 | 1331152 |
| confirmation of second generation anti-hepatitis c virus enzyme immunoassays by antigenic cross-validation. | to determine if a scheme for validating enzyme immunoassay (eia) results could be devised that did not require costly and methodically elaborate supplemental assays. | 1992 | 1331199 |
| silent mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis c virus through two generations determined by comparative nucleotide sequence analysis of the viral cdna. | to investigate the routes of transmission of hepatitis c virus (hcv), a family in which hcv was considered to be transmitted from mother to child through two generations was studied. by the polymerase chain reaction method, hcv cdna was isolated from the serum of a female baby with self-limited hepatitis c. hcv cdna was also obtained from her mother and grandmother, who are healthy carriers of hcv, as well as from her uncle suffering from chronic persistent hepatitis c. the nucleotide sequence o ... | 1992 | 1331256 |
| [the positive rate of hepatitis c virus antibody detected by the second generation method in pregnant women and influence of pregnancy and delivery on hcv infection]. | the c100-3 antibodies to hcv can be examined with a chiron kit but only the antibody to non-structure-4 can be. the antibodies in sera of pregnant women were examined by a passive hemagglutination method (pha), which is one of the second generation kits used in detecting antibodies to the hepatitis c virus. we studied the percentage of pregnant women in our hospital with antibodies to hcv, and tried to compare the c100-3 antibodies with pha results in pregnant women. the results are as follows. ... | 1992 | 1331274 |
| detection of hcv rna in saliva, urine, seminal fluid, and ascites. | approximately half of the patients with type c hepatitis do not have a history of parenteral exposure. the route of nonparenteral infection remains unknown. to evaluate the possible role of body fluids, the existence of hepatitis c virus (hcv) rna in saliva, urine, seminal fluid, and ascites was examined by "nested" polymerase chain reaction (pcr). amplification of the hcv 5' noncoding sequences was carried out. the amplified product was confirmed by southern blot hybridization and restriction e ... | 1992 | 1331308 |
| patterns of serological markers in transfusion-transmitted hepatitis c virus infection using second-generation hcv assays. | a semiautomated dot blot assay and cdna polymerase chain reaction (pcr) were used to study longitudinal anti-hepatitis c virus (hcv) recognition patterns in relation to presence of hcv-rna in transfusion recipients and their infectious donors. in 9 recipients, 4 different patterns of hcv infection were observed: (a) persistent hcv carriage accompanied by chronic hepatitis in 6, (b) acute resolved hepatitis, but persistent hcv replication in one, and (c) continuous hcv replication without hepatit ... | 1992 | 1331309 |
| treatment of chronic hepatitis c by continuous subcutaneous infusion of interferon-alpha. | the effectiveness of a daily continuous infusion of interferon-alpha was evaluated in 12 patients (10 males, 2 females; mean age of 33 years, range 19-62) with biopsy-proven chronic active hepatitis c. nine million units (mu) of recombinant interferon-alpha 2a (rifn-alpha 2a) were administered by continuous subcutaneous infusion with a portable syringe pump, graseby model ms 16a, for 24 h over 28 days. a significant decrease (p less than 0.01) in median serum alanine aminotransferase (alt) level ... | 1992 | 1331310 |
| improved serodiagnosis of chronic hepatitis c in japan by a second-generation enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | to clarify the role of hepatitis c virus (hcv) infection in chronic liver disease, sera from japanese patients which were negative by the original anti-hcv assay (ortho) were subjected to a second-generation anti-hcv assay based on a combination of structural (c22) and nonstructural (c200) recombinant hcv proteins. of 29 patients with chronic non-a, non-b hepatitis, 20 (69%) were anti-hcv-positive by the second-generation enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) and also positive by the reverse ... | 1992 | 1331314 |
| [fundamental studies of hepatitis c virus: a review]. | in 1974, prince et al. reported the existence of posttransfusion hepatitis with a long incubation period which was not related to hepatitis b virus (hbv). these cases were named "non-a, non-b" (nanb) hepatitis. the genome of nanb hepatitis virus was discovered recently using a recombinant complementary dna (cdna) approach. it was termed the hepatitis c virus (hcv), and a specific diagnostic tool for the circulating hcv antibody (anti-hcv) was developed using a purified viral polypeptide derived ... | 1992 | 1331574 |
| [epidemiological study of hepatitis b and c virus in okinawa and kyushu, japan]. | epidemiological studies of hepatitis b virus (hbv) and hepatitis c virus (hcv) infection in okinawa and kyushu have been conducted since 1970. early in the study period, the prevalence of hbsag on iriomote and hateruma islands in okinawa was 9.0% and 6.1%, respectively, which were significantly higher than the 2.4% in kyushu. prevalence of anti-hbc on iriomote island was 59.8% and that on hateruma island 70.9%, also which were significantly higher than the 30.9% in kyushu. prevalence of hbv infe ... | 1992 | 1331575 |
| [hepatitis c virus (hcv)]. | 1992 | 1332125 | |
| antibodies to hepatitis c virus in people from yucatan, mexico. | 1992 | 1332170 | |
| identification of the major, parenteral non-a, non-b hepatitis agent (hepatitis c virus) using a recombinant cdna approach. | 1992 | 1332193 | |
| [viral hepatitis c]. | 1992 | 1332262 | |
| [the incidence of detecting antibodies to the hepatitis c virus in children in specialized children's institutions]. | marked differences in the distribution of markers of hepatitis c and b among children in closed children's institutions was established. the frequency of detection of anti-c100-3 in children varied from o in st. petersburg to 29.4% in nalchik. a high rate of infection in children is primarily associated with a low level of medico-sanitary service. the results indicate the advisability of specific prophylaxis of viral hepatitis c in specialized children's institutions. | 1992 | 1332263 |
| anti-c100-3 antibody status, viral genomic sequences, and clinical features in chronic hepatitic patients with hepatitis c virus rna in sera. | since detection of hepatitis c virus rna by the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) showed that there existed anti-c100-3 (anti-hcv) antibody negative patients infected with hcv, we attempted to find out whether there were any clinical or viral genomic differences between the anti-hcv antibody positive and negative groups. one hundred and fifty-nine patients with chronic liver diseases with hepatitis c virus rna in their sera were selected. anti-hcv antibody was tested for anti-c100-3 antibody by an ... | 1992 | 1332424 |
| localization of hepatitis c virus rna in human liver biopsies by in situ hybridization using thymine-thymine dimerized oligo dna probes: improved method. | to establish the most proper method of in situ hybridization in detection of hcv-rna in the liver, various detailed procedures were examined using frozen as well as paraffin-embedded sections of tissue derived from patients. in frozen sections of the liver from hepatitis c patients obtained at autopsy or surgery, hcv-rna was detectable by in situ hybridization using thymine-thymine dimerized oligonucleotide dna probes when the sections were treated with ethanol-acetic acid at first, then 0.2 n h ... | 1992 | 1332425 |
| failure to detect vertical transmission of hepatitis c virus. | to search for transmission of hepatitis c virus (hcv) from infected mothers to their infants. | 1992 | 1332561 |
| mother-to-infant transmission of hepatitis c virus. | to describe the rate of perinatal transmission of hepatitis c virus (hcv). | 1992 | 1332562 |
| the low efficiency of maternal-neonatal transmission of hepatitis c virus: how certain are we? | 1992 | 1332563 | |
| transmission of hepatitis c: sexual, vertical or exclusively blood-borne? | 1992 | 1332925 | |
| infection of peripheral mononuclear blood cells by hepatitis c virus. | we investigated the infection of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmnc) by hepatitis c virus (hcv) in 5 patients with hcv-related chronic hepatitis. the presence of hcv-rna-positive and -negative strands was tested with the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) method. in all subjects, hcv-rna was shown in pbmnc. in 3 cases, hcv-rna was shown in the t- and b-cell populations, with viral rna also present in the monocyte-macrophage fraction of two of these. hcv-rna-negative stranded molecules, indic ... | 1992 | 1332999 |
| non-radioactive hybridization with hepatitis c virus-specific probes created during polymerase chain reaction: a fast and simple procedure to verify hepatitis c virus infection. | all routinely available assays to detect hepatitis c virus (hcv) infection are based on the specific reaction of serum antibodies to corresponding viral antigens. the only method to detect viral nucleic acids in serum or liver is the enzymatic amplification of reversely transcribed hcv-rna by polymerase chain reaction. here, we describe a fast and simple method to confirm the hcv specificity of amplified fragments by hybridization with a non-radioactive cdna probe created during polymerase chain ... | 1992 | 1333000 |
| [prevalence of hepatitis c virus seropositivity in drug addicts using parenteral injections]. | 1992 | 1333025 | |
| in situ hybridization in viral hepatitis. | in situ hybridization (ish) is a sensitive and specific technique for detecting nucleic acids in intact cells. visualization of the target sequences by autoradiography or immunohistochemistry allows their precise subcellular localization and quantitation. the application of ish techniques has contributed to the understanding of the complex replicative cycle of hepatitis b virus. more recently, hepatitis delta and c virus replication has also been studied by this technique. ish-based assays have ... | 1992 | 1333029 |
| detection of hepatitis c virus rna by in situ hybridization. | persistent infection with hepatitis c virus (hcv) is associated with chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis which may eventually develop into primary hepatocellular carcinoma. the mechanism of pathogenesis is ill-defined and nothing is known of the distribution, frequency or type of infected cell in the liver of hcv-infected individuals. in this study we have examined liver tissue taken at autopsy from 2 anti-hcv-positive patients by in situ hybridization for the presence of hcv rna. viral rna was dete ... | 1992 | 1333032 |
| risk factors for hepatitis c virus antibody positivity in blood donors in a low-risk country. | demographic variables, sexual risk behavior and prevalence of parenteral risk factors were studied in 305 randomly selected donors seronegative for hepatitis c virus, in 170 randomly selected donors reactive on solely enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa c-100), in 71 consecutive donors reacting indeterminately according to the second-generation recombinant immunoblot assay (riba ii) and in 46 consecutive donors found to be positive using the riba ii. donors who were positive by riba ii had ... | 1992 | 1333135 |
| confirmation of hepatitis c virus positive blood donors by immunoblotting and polymerase chain reaction. | in a series of 385 sera obtained from volunteer blood donors positive for the first-generation hepatitis c virus assay (ortho), the viral genome was detected by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) in 89 sera (23%). most pcr-positive sera were found positive with the c100-3 neutralisation assay (abbott) and by two second-generation enzyme immunoassays (abbott, ortho). however overall specificity of these assays was rather low. by immunoblotting (innogenetics and chiron/ortho) the specificity could be ... | 1992 | 1333136 |
| antibody responses to hepatitis c virus by second-generation immunoassays in a cohort of patients with bleeding disorders. | the antibody responses and the prevalence patterns of antibodies to hepatitis c virus (anti-hcv) in a cohort of patients (n = 210) with bleeding disorders were studied using a first-generation and a second-generation enzyme immunoassays (eia-1, eia-2) as well as a second-generation recombinant immunoblot assay (riba-2). the anti-hcv prevalence as determined by eia-1 and eia-2 was 183/210 (87.1%) and 197/210 (93.8%), respectively (p = 0.0026). none of the 17 eia-2(+)/eia-1(-) samples was scored n ... | 1992 | 1333137 |
| antibodies to hepatitis c virus in croatian blood donors and polytransfused patients. | 1992 | 1333138 | |
| hepatitis c antibodies among blood donors in qatar. | 1992 | 1333139 | |
| lack of evidence for the heterosexual transmission of hepatitis c. | to determine the potential for sexual transmission of the hepatitis c virus (hcv), we specifically studied a cohort of 42 young adults (median age, 39 yr) with chronic hcv infection and their stable sexual partners. all hcv assays were supplemented with the four-antigen recombinant immunoblot assay, and 39 of 42 partners were tested for hcv rna by the nested polymerase chain reaction. ninety percent of the partners reported frequent and unprotected sexual intercourse with the index patients. two ... | 1992 | 1333172 |
| antibody to hepatitis c virus in patients with chronic schistosomiasis. | to clarify the effect of hepatitis c virus (hcv) infection in patients with chronic schistosomiasis, 96 patients with schistosomiasis and 137 patients with chronic liver disease without schistosomal infection were analysed by domination of antibody to hcv (anti-hcv). in 45 of 96 schistosomiasis patients, the serum alanine aminotransferase (alt) level was continuously elevated, and the positive rate of anti-hcv was 52.9%, which is almost the same prevalence rate as in patients with chronic liver ... | 1992 | 1333179 |
| characterization of hypervariable regions in the putative envelope protein of hepatitis c virus. | we previously identified two hypervariable regions [hvr1 (27 amino acids) and hvr2 (7 amino acids)] in the putative envelope glycoprotein (gp70) by comparison of the amino acid sequences of many isolates of the hcv-ii genotype. to understand the functional features of these hvrs, using the polymerase chain reaction we analyzed the rate of actual sequence variability in the region including hvr1 and hvr2 of hcv isolated successively at intervals of several months from two patients with chronic c- ... | 1992 | 1333186 |
| comparative molecular biology of flaviviruses and hepatitis c virus. | currently available sequence information suggests that the genome organization of hepatitis c virus is similar to that of flaviviruses. a positive-stranded genomic rna contains a single long open reading frame (orf) which is flanked by 5' and 3' noncoding sequences. this rna codes for structural proteins at the 5' end (starting with the capsid protein) and a set of nonstructural proteins in the remainder of the genome. the latter provide essential virus-specific functions for the viral life cycl ... | 1992 | 1333320 |
| detection and characterization of hepatitis c virus sequence in the serum of a patient with chronic hcv infection. | a cdna fragment corresponding to the nonstructural gene region of hepatitis c virus was cloned and sequenced. cdna was obtained by reverse transcription of viral rna extracted from serum of a german patient with chronic post transfusion hepatitis. "nested" pcr resulted in a cdna fragment of 345 nt. the sequence showed a homology of 96% to the american prototype hcv. | 1992 | 1333321 |
| hepatitis c virus (hcv) and autoimmune liver diseases. | anti-hcv tests were positive in 18-45% of sera from patients with autoimmune chronic active hepatitis. high gammaglobulin levels may result in false positive results, however, some sera show true positivity. pcr testing of such sera is necessary in order to determine whether hcv is directly involved in specific forms of the disease. | 1992 | 1333322 |
| antibodies to hepatitis c virus in primary biliary cirrhosis. | we investigated the prevalence of anti-hcv in 160 consecutive patients with primary biliary cirrhosis. by elisa, 19 (12%) were positive, as compared to a 68% prevalence in 135 patients with chronic non-a, non-b hepatitis. serum igg levels were significantly higher in the anti-hcv positive group. by riba, seropositivity was confirmed for 4 patients, whereas 7 were indeterminate. a slight, non-significant reduction of life expectancy was found in anti-hcv positive patients. until reliable and inde ... | 1992 | 1333323 |
| prevalence of antibodies against hepatitis c virus in primary biliary cirrhosis and autoimmune chronic hepatitis. | we have determined the prevalence of antibodies against hepatitis c virus (anti-hcv) in 45 patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (pbc) and 6 with autoimmune chronic active hepatitis (ai-cah). anti-hcv was positive in two cases of pbc, both with a history of previous blood transfusion, and in one patient with ai-cah, only during an active phase of the disease. | 1992 | 1333324 |
| prevalence of antibody to hepatitis c virus in acute non-a, non-b hepatitis in patients from different epidemiological categories. | the prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis c virus (hcv) was determined in 65 patients with acute non-a, non-b hepatitis (nanbh). the results suggest that hcv is the most common causative agent in posttransfusion nanbh and in drug-related hepatitis. detection of hcv antibodies does not appear to be a particularly useful diagnostic criterion due to the kinetics of the immune response in the course of the disease. | 1992 | 1333327 |
| prevalence of anti-hcv antibodies in patients with acute nona-nonb viral hepatitis. | in a group of 55 patients with nanbh, 81% were found to be reactive for hcv antibodies. in addition, many patients who had not been subject to parenteral risk of infection were also found to be reactive. statistically, hcv positive patients have an increased tendency to develop chronic hepatitis. | 1992 | 1333328 |
| prevalence of antibody to hepatitis c virus in chronic hbsag carriers. | the presence of the anti-hcv antibody was investigated in sera from 102 chronic hbsag carriers. the subjects varied as to the characteristics of the clinical states. it was found that hcv coinfection was more common in hbsag positive intravenous drug addicts than in other parenteral risk groups. it also appears that hcv may be the causative agent of chronic liver disease in hbsag carriers with undetectable hbv (and possibly hdv) replication. | 1992 | 1333329 |
| prevalence of hepatitis c virus (hcv) antibodies in haemodialysis patients. | the prevalence of antibodies to hcv and the course of hepatitis have been determined in 357 haemodialysed patients treated at a single institution. the prevalence of hcv infection increases with the duration of haemodialysis and with the use of blood transfusions, yet there is high frequency of hcv seropositivity even without blood transfusions. evolution of hcv hepatitis to chronicity is frequent and biological signs of chronic hepatopathy can coexist with absence of alanine aminotransferase (a ... | 1992 | 1333330 |
| prevalence of anti-hcv in two tanzanian villages. | the presence of anti-hcv antibodies was investigated in sera from a total of 123 inhabitants of two tanzanian villages. in one of the villages, 72.2% of the sera and in the other village, 82.6% of the sera were found to be anti-hcv positive. these values are dramatically higher than other reported prevalences, whereby cross-reactivity between hcv and flaviviruses as well as possible transmission by arthropod vectors cannot be ruled out. | 1992 | 1333331 |
| storage conditions of blood samples and primer selection affect the yield of cdna polymerase chain reaction products of hepatitis c virus. | we have noticed that suboptimal specimen processing and storage conditions may cause false-negative results in the detection of hepatitis c virus (hcv) rna in plasma or serum. to establish the influence of specimen handling in a serological laboratory on the rate of detection of hcv rna by the cdna polymerase chain reaction (cdna-pcr), we tested routine serum samples and fresh-frozen plasma samples from the same bleeding from confirmed anti-hcv-positive blood donors. when primers from the ns3/ns ... | 1992 | 1333489 |
| [diagnosis and therapy of hepatitis c]. | 1992 | 1333508 | |
| antibody to hiv-1, htlv-i, and hcv in three populations of rural haitians. | the seroprevalence of antibodies to hiv-1, htlv-i, and hcv was evaluated in three populations from northern rural haiti: 1,727 patients attending the hospital for symptoms suggestive of hiv disease, 228 consecutive surgical patients, and 500 pregnant women were tested. hiv-1 seroprevalence was 6.1 and 4.0% in the last two groups, respectively, and 39.3% in the symptomatic population. associated symptoms of wasting, cough, and diarrhea and a clinical diagnosis of aids were significantly predictiv ... | 1992 | 1333530 |
| [occurrence of antibodies against hepatitis c virus (anti-hcv) in patients on long-term hemodialysis]. | the prevalence of anti-hcv antibodies, hbs antigenemia and transaminase level were examined in the 136 patients with chronic renal failure on maintenance hemodialysis, treated in dialytic centers of south poland. in this group anti-hbs and anti-hbc antibodies were also investigated in 60 and 42 patients respectively. anti-hcv antibodies were present in 16.7-60.0% (mean = 44.1%) of patients depending on the center. these values considerably exceed the percentage of antigen hbs positive patients b ... | 1992 | 1333622 |
| non-radioisotopic methods for dna probes. | we have recently developed a new colorimetric method, dna enzyme immunoassay (deia), for detecting specific hybrids of complementary nucleic acids. this technology is based on an antibody that selectively recognizes double, but not single-stranded dna. the molecule does not react with a specific probe immobilized on microwells through an avidin-biotin bridge, nor with non-specific amplified sequences, since they are removed by washing. the antibody reveals the hybridization event, independently ... | 1992 | 1333735 |
| interferon therapy for non-a, non-b hepatitis: a pilot study and review of the literature. | we treated four cases of acute unresolving non-a, non-b hepatitis, and eleven cases of chronic non-a, non-b hepatitis with recombinant interferon alpha-2a for up to one year. the dose of interferon was initially 3 million units daily, and was gradually decreased to 1 million units three times weekly. the overall response rate was 80 percent (twelve out of fifteen cases) at the end of treatment. relapse occurred after the cessation of treatment in seven of the eight cases of chronic disease respo ... | 1992 | 1334037 |
| detection of hepatitis c viraemia in caucasian patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. | potential risk factors for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma were analysed in 40 caucasian patients with this malignancy. a higher proportion (14 of 40; 35%) had evidence of hepatitis c virus (hcv) infection than had evidence of either hepatitis b virus (hbv) carriage (17.5%) or alcohol abuse (30%). in all 14 patients whose sera were reactive by hcv elisa (ortho second generation test), the presence of antibodies to hcv were confirmed by recombinant immunoblot assay (ortho riba-2). fur ... | 1992 | 1334130 |
| antibodies to a putative hepatitis c virus polyprotein in japanese patients with chronic liver disease. | to investigate the frequency of exposure to hepatitis c virus (hcv) in chronic liver disease, sera from japanese patients were tested with the original anti-hcv assay (ortho) and an anti-hcv assay based on synthetic peptides corresponding to a variety of regions in the hcv genome. thirty-one (67%) of 46 patients with chronic non-a,non-b hepatitis were anti-hcv-positive by the ortho elisa, 20 of whom were also positive by elisa based on synthetic hcv peptides. eight (53%) of the 15 patients negat ... | 1992 | 1334132 |
| [hepatitis c virus and serologic tests for detection of viral hepatitis c]. | 1992 | 1334216 | |
| improved detection of antibodies to hepatitis c virus in dialysis patients using a second-generation enzyme immunoassay. | we tested serum samples from 99 patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis for hepatitis c virus (hcv) antibodies using a first-generation, licensed anti-hcv enzyme immunoassay (eia) and a second-generation anti-hcv eia that detect three gene products c100-3, ns3, and core. specimens that were repeatedly reactive by either or both screening assays were further evaluated by testing with supplemental eias and a dot blot immunoassay. there was 87.9% agreement between the licensed hcv eia and the ... | 1992 | 1334368 |
| [clinical diagnostic significance of hepatitis c]. | 1992 | 1334498 | |
| strategies for blood screening for the hepatitis c virus and for the human immunodeficiency virus in high risk groups. | for many infectious agents, seroprevalence rate is low but has serious consequences and must therefore be kept out of donated blood supplies. however, screening to ensure the safety of blood supplies has an associated very high cost. for example, in blood banks, detection of all the harmful items in a large number of samples is an expensive and tedious process. the laboratory and statistical approaches to obtain significant savings by the pooling method were discussed from 1943, recently, there ... | 1992 | 1334518 |
| second generation anti-hcv test: seroprevalence in hemodialysis patients and blood donors. | 1992 | 1334595 | |
| transmission of hepatitis c virus by kidney transplantation. | 1992 | 1334596 | |
| detection of replicative hepatitis c virus sequences in hepatocellular carcinoma. | several serologic studies suggest that infection by hepatitis c virus (hcv) may be associated with the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc). therefore, we examined tumor tissue and/or the surrounding liver of 20 patients for viral sequences by the polymerase chain reaction (pcr). in 12 cases, liver and tumor tissues were separable for extraction. rna was extracted from frozen tissues and used as a template for reverse transcription followed by double pcr with nested primers for the 5'-u ... | 1992 | 1334635 |
| [essential mixed cryoglobulinemia and the hepatitis c virus]. | 1992 | 1334715 | |
| partitioning of hepatitis c virus during cohn-oncley fractionation of plasma. | because of concern about the safety of immune globulins with respect to transmission of hepatitis c, the partitioning of hepatitis c virus (hcv) during alcohol fractionation of a plasma pool prepared exclusively from anti-hcv-reactive donations was examined. quantitation of hcv rna was accomplished by nested polymerase chain reaction (pcr) at limiting dilutions. one pcr unit was arbitrarily defined as the minimum amount of hcv rna from which an amplified product could be detected. the starting p ... | 1992 | 1335184 |