Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| a chemical procedure for loading the calcium indicator acquorin into mammalian working myocardium. | the bioluminescent calcium indicator aequorin was successfully loaded into mammalian working myocardium of ferrets by a chemical procedure which makes the cells reversibly hyperpermeable through exposure to ethylenebis-( oxyethylenenitrilo ) tetraacetic acid (egta). after undergoing the loading procedure, developed tension at lmax was 103 +/- 26% of the control, which indicates that the muscles regained normal function. the configurations of the aequorin signals (i.e., calcium transients) and th ... | 1984 | 6728654 |
| plasma concentrations of oestradiol and oestrone during perinatal development in male and female ferrets. | the concentrations of oestradiol and oestrone in peripheral plasma of male and female ferrets 5 days before and 7, 15 and 30 days after birth were measured. both steroids were present in high concentrations prenatally. much lower levels were found in samples collected on day 7 and later, when the concentrations were similar to those of adult gonadectomized animals. no significant sex difference was seen for the concentration of either steroid at any age studied. these results, and those previous ... | 1984 | 6693827 |
| evidence of proceptive without receptive defeminization in male ferrets. | the latencies of groups of gonadectomized male and female ferrets to approach and interact with a sexually active stimulus male were measured after administration of estradiol benzoate (eb; 0, 5, 10, or 15 micrograms/kg) in adulthood. receptive responsiveness to stud males was also assessed in these same ferrets during additional tests. control female ferrets gonadectomized on postnatal day 35 displayed a dose-dependent reduction in approach latencies to the stud male which did not occur in cont ... | 1985 | 3843738 |
| maturation of ovarian function in female ferrets is influenced by photoperiod. | sexual maturation of immature ferrets in response to a stimulatory photoperiod generally occurs within 6-7 weeks after imposition of long days at 16 weeks of age. in this study, females were examined for evidence of ovarian maturation after 22 days of exposure to the stimulatory photoperiod, before any sign of sexual maturation. the photoperiod-stimulated and control females were the same age (19 weeks), had similar body weights, and showed no evidence of vulvar oedema. comparison of oestradiol ... | 1985 | 4045818 |
| bone marrow hypoplasia associated with estrus in ferrets. | bone marrow hypoplasia was characterized in a group of female ferrets during prolonged estrus. all ferrets exhibited hematological changes characteristic of various degrees of bone marrow hypoplasia. hematological findings included initial thrombocytosis and leukocytosis followed by thrombocytopenia, leukopenia and anemia. platelet counts below 50,000/microliters were observed in 55% of the ferrets. hemorrhagic anemia due to thrombocytopenia was the most common cause of death and the mortality r ... | 1985 | 4040589 |
| restraint device for serial blood sampling of ferrets. | a device was designed that effectively restrained unanesthetized ferrets for serial blood sampling from the caudal artery. materials used for construction were inexpensive and easily obtained. fabrication was simple and rapid. | 1985 | 4021441 |
| ferrets in biomedical research. | 1985 | 4021434 | |
| a technique for quantitating airway size from bronchial casts. | to develop a technique for quantitating the size of airways at various positions in the bronchial tree, we analyzed casts of formalin-fixed excised lungs of five mature male ferrets. the left lower lobe of each cast was dissected, the diameter and position of each terminal bronchiole were entered into a computer programmed to reconstruct the airway system, and the cross-sectional areas of 120 conducting airways were measured. the fraction of the lobe served by each measured airway was estimated ... | 1985 | 3980372 |
| olfactory deprivation enhances normal spine loss in the olfactory bulb of developing ferrets. | ferrets show a sensitive phase in their postnatal development during which they can become imprinted to food odors. at the same time the number of granule cell spines in the olfactory bulb reaches a maximum, declining significantly thereafter. in ferrets, exposed continuously to saturated levels of geraniol odor in the cage environment, the normal decline in spine number (occurring between day 60 and 90) is significantly enhanced. no such effects were observed during earlier ontogenetic phases. ... | 1985 | 4088530 |
| influence of day length and endocrine status on luteinizing hormone secretion in intact and ovariectomized adult ferrets. | the purpose of this study was to examine the pituitary-ovarian relationship of both estrous and anestrous female ferrets. the endocrine status of the animals was induced by manipulating photoperiod: females in estrus were housed in long days (16l:8d); females in anestrus were housed in short days (8l:16d). for studies of intact animals in both photoperiods, plasma luteinizing hormone (lh) levels were quantified in blood samples collected from adult ferrets at 5-min intervals over a 24-h period. ... | 1985 | 4052529 |
| migration and differentiation of cerebral cortical neurons after transplantation into the brains of ferrets. | cells from the cerebral proliferative zones of newborn ferrets were labeled with tritiated thymidine and a fluorescent dye and were transplanted as a single-cell suspension into the occipital region of newborn ferrets. the transplanted cells became thoroughly integrated into the host environment: many cells migrated through the intermediate zone and into the cortical plate, where they developed as pyramidal neurons. other transplanted cells came to resemble glial cells. after 1 to 2 months most ... | 1985 | 4035355 |
| anal gland secretions of the stoat (mustela erminea) and the ferret (mustela putorius formafuro) : some additional thietane components. | two new thietanes,cis- andtrans-2-ethyl-3-methylthietane, have been identified in the anal gland secretion of the stoat, and 2-isopropyl thietane has been characterized from the anal gland secretion of the ferret. conflicting published data are reevaluated. | 1985 | 24310328 |
| activity in the ferret: oestradiol effects and circadian rhythms. | the present study was conducted to determine whether oestradiol increases activity in the european ferret (mustela furo), whether this effect is sexually dimorphic, and whether a 24-h rhythm is present in the ferret's daily activity. the activity of male and female adult, postpubertally gonadectomized ferrets was monitored while they were maintained singly on a 13:11 light-dark cycle, before and after implantation with oestradiol-17 beta. gonadectomized male and female ferrets exhibited equal ... | 1985 | 11539816 |
| lymphangiography in ferrets infected with brugia malayi. | 1985 | 3835408 | |
| diagnostic exercise: lymphoproliferative disorder in a ferret. | 1985 | 3839547 | |
| age-related fiber order in the optic tract of the ferret. | in the ferret's optic tract, the position of retinofugal fibers has been related to their relative age by preferentially labeling the oldest fibers. it has been found that fiber order perpendicular to the pial surface represents the sequence of axon arrivals in the optic tract, the fibers furthest from the pia being the oldest. immature ferrets, less than 34 days post-conception (e34), were given intravitreal injections of lectin-bound horseradish peroxidase or of 3h-amino acids. after survival ... | 1985 | 3840527 |
| demonstration of immunoglobulin in brains of ferrets inoculated with an sspe strain of measles virus: use of protein a conjugated to horseradish peroxidase. | measles virus-specific immunoglobulin g (igg) has been found in the brains of patients with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe), a slowly progressing central nervous system (cns) disease affecting children. igg/albumin ratios indicate that the antibodies are probably synthesized in the cns. in a ferret model system, protein a conjugated to horseradish peroxidase (prapx) was used to localize ig's in brains of animals inoculated with a cell associated strain of sspe. ig's were found in plas ... | 1985 | 3883686 |
| further studies of the reasons for the lack of alveolar infection during influenza in ferrets. | intratracheal inoculation of influenza virus in the ferret was followed by a more severe airway infection than that produced by nasal infection and was mainly bronchiolar rather than bronchial. also, virus isolation from the alveolar zone of the lung together with immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase techniques showed that some virus reached the alveoli. nevertheless, there was no subsequent alveolitis suggesting the existence of a clearance phenomenon. alveolar macrophages were shown to have ... | 1985 | 3885997 |
| a rise in tonic luteinizing hormone secretion occurs during photoperiod-stimulated sexual maturation of the female ferret. | this study determined whether a rise in tonic secretion of lh occurred before long day-induced precocious puberty of the female ferret. twenty immature females were assigned to 1 of 2 photoperiods at 15 weeks of age. ten ferrets were placed in a long day, stimulatory photoperiod (16 h of light, 8 h of darkness) to induce sexual maturation, and 10 remained in the nonstimulatory photoperiod (8 h of light, 16 h of darkness) for the duration of the study. intensive blood sampling regimens (every 10 ... | 1985 | 3886370 |
| growth requirements of ferret tracheal epithelial cells in primary culture. | in mass cell culture conditions, protease dissociated ferret tracheal epithelial cells (fte) proliferated in growth factor-supplemented f12 medium to high cell densities (0.5 x 10(5) cells/cm2) with an average population doubling time of 24 hr. the growth factor constituents of the f12 medium included epidermal growth factor (25 ng/ml), insulin (1 microgram/ml), transferrin (10 micrograms/ml), hydrocortisone (18 ng/ml), hypothalamus extract (30-100 micrograms/ml), and conditioned medium from mou ... | 1985 | 3889927 |
| development of dirofilaria immitis third stage larvae (nematoda: filarioidea) in micropore chambers implanted into surrogate hosts. | groups of 100 third stage larvae of dirofilaria immitis recovered from aedes aegypti were loaded into 250 microliters capacity micropore chambers (0.3 micron pore size) and implanted into the peritoneal cavity of mice, jirds, cotton rats and ferrets. in all hosts 74-87% of larvae moulted by 74 hours, with less than 5% mortality. the fourth stage worms recovered at 74 hours were cultured in vitro in l-15 (leibovitz) medium plus 20% foetal bovine serum with a dog sarcoma feeder cell line. after 96 ... | 1985 | 3890119 |
| pharmacokinetics of ethanol in the ferret. | select doses of ethanol (25%, w/v) were administered to female ferrets (mustela putorius) by gastric intubation to determine dosage corresponding to peak blood alcohol levels (bal) greater than 100 mg/100 ml of blood (mg%) for an extended duration. low doses (6 ml/kg) resulted in peak bal of 202 mg% in 1.5 hr and 50 mg% after 12 hr. intermediate doses (8 ml/kg) resulted in peak bal of 253 mg% in 1.4 hr and 89 mg% after 12 hr. high doses (12 ml/kg) did not increase peak bal proportionately, resul ... | 1985 | 3890594 |
| responses of enzymatically isolated mammalian vascular smooth muscle cells to pharmacological and electrical stimuli. | a modified method for enzymatically isolating mammalian vascular smooth muscle cells has been developed and tested for ferret portal vein smooth muscle. this method produces a high proportion of fully relaxed cells and these cells appear to have normal pharmacological responsiveness. the ed50 values for both alpha stimulation and potassium depolarization are not significantly different in the isolated cells from those obtained from intact strips of ferret portal vein, suggesting that the enzymat ... | 1985 | 3892474 |
| use of ferrets in studies of the visual system. | the ferret (mustela putorius furo) is proving to be an excellent experimental animal for many anatomical and physiological studies of the adult and developing visual system. as a result, the amount of data available on the ferret's visual system is increasing at a rapid rate. the purposes of this paper are to briefly review some of those data and to present some of the reasons why the ferret is an appropriate choice as an experimental animal for visual system studies. | 1985 | 3894786 |
| the forebrain of the ferret. | the basic neuroanatomy of the forebrain, mainly of the telencephalon, of the adult ferret (mustela furo), is reviewed and illustrated with special references to the features that distinguish this animal from other carnivores. references to the pertinent literature describing similar regions of other carnivores are cited. | 1985 | 3894787 |
| localization of measles virus antigens in subacute sclerosing panencephalitis in ferrets. | young adult male ferrets were inoculated intracerebrally (i.c.) with a cell-associated encephalitogenic subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe) virus strain to study the pathogenesis of the disease at the ultrastructural level. most became acutely ill in 8-13 days. areas of the brain were examined with indirect immunoperoxidase labeling techniques to detect measles antigen. none of these animals showed the characteristic viral nucleocapsids or marked inflammatory response associated with sspe ... | 1985 | 3894788 |
| behavior and neurobehavioral teratology using the ferret. | a behavioral profile of the ferret is presented for those who would like to use this animal in behavioral teratology and toxicology, or other disciplines involving behavior. we have reviewed neurobehavioral teratology of lisencephalic ferrets and neuropsychology of ferrets sustaining frontal lesions, as well as most of the studies of "normal" ferret behavior that have appeared in the research literature. emphasis is placed on discussion of the tests used and how ferrets behaved on them. the beha ... | 1985 | 3894789 |
| laboratory management of the ferret for biomedical research. | ferrets have become an increasingly important animal in biological research. this paper discusses unique aspects of the ferret's anatomy, reproductive behavior, husbandry, and diseases as they relate to the research use of this animal. | 1985 | 3894790 |
| compendium of recent literature on the ferret. | a survey of research publications since 1977 indicated that the ferret is a rather popular research animal. using the biosis and medline data bases, 569 citations of research involving the ferret were identified. over 27% of these citations involved the use of ferrets in the field of physiology, and an additional 24% of the citations were in virology and immunology. the areas of pharmacology, toxicology and teratology accounted for 10.4, 8.4 and 4.0% of the citations, respectively. | 1985 | 3894791 |
| endocrine factors in haematological changes seen in dogs and ferrets given oestrogens. | high doses of oestrogens in the dog and ferret cause myeloid hyperplasia in the bone marrow superseded by hypoplasia affecting all cell lines. in the peripheral blood after an initial leucocytosis, there is thrombocytopenia, anaemia and leucopenia. these effects, which are ultimately lethal, do not occur in cats, rats and monkeys, and their cause is unknown. it is speculated that they may be due to endocrine derangements possibly affecting the pituitary-adrenal axis and that species differences ... | 1985 | 3921810 |
| [testicular activity of the ferret kept for over 4 years under permanent light and constant temperature]. | five male ferrets, aged 2 months, were kept in constant light (4-5 lx) and temperature (15 +/- 1 degree c) from july 1979 to september 1983. under these experimental conditions, the testicular size displayed spontaneous variations. four cycles, characterized by a marked testicular enlargement followed by an equivalent decrease, were observed in three ferrets. the two others exhibited only three spontaneous cycles. the mean interval between two successive maximums equalled 340 +/- 28 days. | 1985 | 3928102 |
| antitumor activity and toxicity in animals of bmy-25282, a new mitomycin derivative. | bmy-25282, 7-n-(dimethylamino methylene)mitomycin c, is one of a novel series of amidino mitomycin derivatives. some of these were discovered as intermediates in a synthetic program being conducted to find improved procedures for modifying the structure of mitomycin c (mmc). markedly superior in vivo antitumor effects have been observed with bmy-25282 compared to mmc in initial tests against i.p.-implanted p388 leukemia and b16 melanoma. when administered i.v. to mice bearing s.c. b16 melanoma, ... | 1985 | 3933826 |
| blastomycosis in a ferret. | an 18-month-old female ferret with an ulcerated metacarpal pad and signs of respiratory illness was diagnosed as having blastomycosis by visualization of organisms on a tissue imprint, an agarose gel immunodiffusion test, and thoracic radiography. the ferret was treated intravenously with amphotercin b at 0.4 to 0.8 mg/kg and orally with ketoconazole at 8 mg/kg for approximately 1 month, during which time clinical and radiographic improvement was noted. a change to sc amphoterocin b therapy resu ... | 1985 | 3965428 |
| polycystic kidneys in a ferret. | polycystic kidneys were found at necropsy in an adult ferret with a history of seizures and a palpable abdominal mass. both kidneys contained numerous fluid-filled cysts of various sizes. the ferret may provide an animal model for the study of polycystic disease in man. | 1985 | 3965430 |
| amrinone effects on electromechanical coupling and depolarization-induced automaticity in ventricular muscle of guinea pigs and ferrets. | the effects of the cardiotonic agent, amrinone (0.05-4 mm), on electrical and mechanical activities of ferret and guinea-pig papillary muscles were studied using current and voltage clamp (single sucrose gap) techniques. in current clamp studies, amrinone increased, in a dose-dependent manner, contractile force elicited by action potential in both species. depolarization-induced automaticity was facilitated in ferret muscles at all maximum diastolic potentials between -70 and -15 mv. facilitatio ... | 1985 | 3965687 |
| high-time-resolution 31p nmr studies of the perfused ferret heart. | a cell is described that has enabled isolated langendorff-perfused ferret hearts to be studied in a bruker wm200 widebore superconducting nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) spectrometer. left ventricular pressure was monitored with a latex balloon catheter, and the hearts were paced with a stimulator triggered from the spectrometer's central computer, enabling gated studies to be performed. suitable radiofrequency filtering for the pacing leads is described. phosphorus (31p) nmr was used to determ ... | 1985 | 3969517 |
| cellular ca2+ monitored by aequorin in adenosine-mediated smooth muscle relaxation. | we studied the effect of adenosine on cytoplasmic ionized calcium-force relationships in vascular smooth muscle (vsm) and determined the dose dependence of the observed effects. the bioluminescent protein aequorin was used as an index of cytoplasmic ionized calcium and was chemically loaded into ferret portal vein strips. the vsm strips were contracted with 33 mm potassium (k+), 5 x 10(-6) m phenylephrine (pe), or electrical stimulation. force and aequorin light, i.e., cytoplasmic ionized calciu ... | 1985 | 3970168 |
| antigenic heterogeneity among influenza a(h3n2) field isolates during an outbreak in 1982/83, estimated by methods of numerical taxonomy. | fourteen influenza a(h3n2) field isolates, mainly obtained during the first weeks of the 1982/83 influenza epidemic in the netherlands, and nine influenza a(h3n2) reference strains were examined by means of haemagglutination inhibition (hi) tests with 23 polyclonal ferret sera. the resulting hi patterns were subjected to various methods of numerical taxonomy using, among others, taxonomic distance and correlation between strains for resemblance coefficients. marked differences between distance a ... | 1985 | 3973384 |
| androgen and estrogen receptors in perinatal ferret brain. | using dna-cellulose affinity chromatography and either 3h-labeled dihydrotestosterone, testosterone, or estradiol, we qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed the androgen- and estrogen-binding activities present in four regions of male and female ferret brain at prenatal, early and late neonatal, and adult ages. the cytosolic androgen- and estrogen-binding activities in ferret brain at all ages studied were qualitatively similar in both sexes and in all brain regions and exhibited characterist ... | 1985 | 3973666 |
| postpneumonectomy airway growth in the ferret. | to investigate the participation of the conducting airways in compensatory growth following partial lung resection, bronchial casts of six ferrets having undergone right-sided pneumonectomy at 8 wk of age were compared with those of five sham-operated control animals. at maturity, the left lungs of the postpneumonectomy animals were 65% larger than those of the controls. central airway cross-sectional areas at 10 specific locations in each cast were 12% larger in the postpneumonectomy animals co ... | 1985 | 3980371 |
| infectivity of canadian isolates of trichinella spiralis nativa for swine, rats and carnivores. | the infectivity of trichinella spiralis nativa isolates from widely separated geographic areas of canada was determined by feeding infected musculature to swine, laboratory rats and carnivores (cats, foxes, ferrets). low infectivity for swine and rats and high infectivity for carnivores were observed. light infections were established in four of 16 swine examined between 25 and 53 days postinfection. feeding of infected porcine musculature to ferrets demonstrated that trichinella spiralis nativa ... | 1985 | 3986683 |
| androgen aromatization and 5 alpha-reduction in ferret brain during perinatal development: effects of sex and testosterone manipulation. | ferrets of both sexes were killed 8 or 5 days before expected parturition as well as 7, 15, 30, or 51 days after birth, and the activities of aromatase (using 19-[3h]hydroxyandrostenedione as substrate) and of 5 alpha-reductase (using [3h] testosterone as substrate) were assayed in whole homogenates of preoptic area plus anterior hypothalamus (poa), mediobasal hypothalamus (mbh), temporal lobe (tl), and cerebral cortex. aromatase and testosterone 5 alpha-reductase activities were also measured i ... | 1985 | 3987621 |
| animal models for evaluating the myelosuppressive effects of cancer chemotherapeutic agents. | an important objective of new anticancer drug discovery programs is identification of agents that are less myelosuppressive than those currently available. we have developed several animal models to evaluate these drugs for myelosuppression. our screening model measures changes in neutrophil counts in mice as an indicator of myelosuppression. this model correctly predicted the myelosuppressive effects of 13 (76%) of 17 known agents. cisplatin, carboplatin, spiroplatin, and marcellomycin caused n ... | 1985 | 3987834 |
| idiopathic hypersplenism in a ferret. | a 3-year-old spayed female ferret was examined because of mild icterus and massive splenomegaly. pancytopenia was diagnosed and was unaffected by blood transfusion or corticosteroid therapy. splenectomy resulted in resolution of clinical signs, with survival up to 20 months after surgery. histologic examination of the spleen revealed areas of splenic necrosis and severe extramedullary hematopoiesis. the final diagnosis, based on exclusion of other causes of splenomegaly and pancytopenia, was idi ... | 1985 | 3988601 |
| disseminated cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma in a ferret. | a 3-year-old male ferret was admitted with ulcerated nodules and fistulous draining tracts on the pads and digits of the right front and left hind feet. proteus sp and escherichia coli were isolated from the exudate. histologic examinations revealed that all skin lesions were associated with an underlying squamous cell carcinoma. surgical removal was attempted, followed by chemotherapy. regression of remaining lesions was noted before discharge; however, the ferret died 5 days later and was not ... | 1985 | 3988603 |
| analysis of antigenic relationships among influenza virus strains using a taxonomic cluster procedure. comparison of three kinds of antibody preparations. | hemagglutination inhibiting (hi) monoclonal antibody preparations (ma) were raised against six influenza a (h3n2) strains from the period 1977-1982. twenty-three hybridomas were selected and titrated in hi assays against these strains and against 18 influenza a (h3n2) viruses isolated in the netherlands during the seasons 1981-1982 and 1982-1983. similar hi tests were performed with conventional post-infection ferret antisera and with ferret antisera adsorbed with heterologous strains of influen ... | 1985 | 3988875 |
| a nuclear magnetic resonance study of metabolism in the ferret heart during hypoxia and inhibition of glycolysis. | 31p nuclear magnetic resonance was used to measure the relative concentrations of phosphorus-containing metabolites in langendorff-perfused ferret hearts. intracellular concentrations of inorganic phosphate ([pi]i), phosphocreatine ([pcr]i), atp ([atp]i) and h+ (phi) were monitored under control conditions and while oxidative phosphorylation and/or glycolysis were prevented. mechanical performance was assessed by recording the pressure developed in a balloon placed in the left ventricle. oxidati ... | 1985 | 3989725 |
| the role of intracellular [ca2+] and [h+] in contractile failure of the hypoxic heart. | when oxidative metabolism is inhibited in heart muscle, developed tension often increases slightly before decreasing below control. we have examined the possible mechanisms underlying these changes in developed tension in two series of experiments. in the first series of experiments, the photoprotein aequorin was used to monitor intracellular free [ca2+] [( ca2+]i) in papillary muscles during inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation, using either cyanide or hypoxia. the observed changes of develo ... | 1985 | 3992041 |
| the influence of retinal afferents upon the development of layers in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus of mustelids. | the extent to which the development of a normal laminated lateral geniculate nucleus depends upon retinal afferents has been studied in normal and albino ferrets and in mink. removal of all retinal afferents before they invade the nucleus (28 days in utero) or before they establish distinct monocular terminal fields (newborn, approximately 41 days post-conception) produces a nucleus that is smaller than normal and poorly separated from the adjacent perigeniculate and medial interlaminar nuclei. ... | 1985 | 3998826 |
| the effects of cyanide and its interactions with norepinephrine on isolated aorta strips from the rabbit, dog, and ferret. | effects of sodium cyanide on isolated strips of rabbit, dog, and ferret aorta were determined. in the rabbit aorta strip, cumulatively added cyanide caused small contractions beginning at approximately 10(-11) m cyanide and reaching a maximum response at 10(-5) m. a concentration of cyanide between 10(-5) m and 10(-3) m produced relaxation. when cyanide was cumulatively added to norepinephrine (ne)-contracted rabbit aorta strips, no contractions were observed. cyanide concentrations above 10(-5) ... | 1985 | 4002238 |
| interaction between a normoxic and a hypoxic region of guinea pig and ferret papillary muscles. | papillary muscles were mounted in a three-compartment bath. the tip of the muscle was exposed to hypoxic and glucose-free solution. the other parts of the preparation were superfused with tyrode's solution, building a free-flow border between hypoxic and normoxic superfusates. the normoxic part of the bath was subdivided by a rubber membrane so that current pulses could be applied between segments of the preparation. signs of electrotonic interaction between normoxic and hypoxic parts were obser ... | 1985 | 4006096 |
| frequency-dependent depression of myocardial contractility by slow calcium channel blocking drugs. | the negative inotropic effects of two dihydropyridine and two non-dihydropyridine calcium slow channel blocking drugs were studied using ferret isolated papillary muscle preparations contracting both isotonically and isometrically. the degree of inotropic depression was found to be dependent on the frequency of stimulation for all four agents. frequency dependence of inotropic effect was of the order: nifedipine less than felodipine less than diltiazem less than verapamil. | 1985 | 4007049 |
| severity of fever in influenza: studies on the relation between viral surface antigens, pyrexia, level of nasal virus and inflammatory response in the ferret. | previous work has shown that fever in influenza of ferrets occurs following release of endogenous pyrogen from virus-phagocyte interaction in the upper respiratory tract (urt), and suggested that the poor inflammatory response and correspondingly low fever elicited by a/puerto rico/8/34 (h1n1), compared with h3n2 reassortant clones of a/puerto rico/8/34-a/england/939/69, were related to its h1 and n1 surface antigens. nasal virus levels, inflammatory and pyrexial responses produced in ferrets by ... | 1985 | 4020349 |
| characteristics of the vagally driven non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic inhibitory innervation of ferret gastric corpus. | this paper reports a quantitative in vivo study on the vagal activation of the intramural non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic inhibitory nerves in the ferret gastric corpus. the nature of the inhibitory neurotransmitter was also investigated. in the atropinized, guanethidine-treated, urethane-anaesthetized ferret, electrical stimulation (10 s at 20 v, 1-20 hz, 0.5 ms pulses) of the cervical vagi produced a prompt fall in intracorpus pressure that was related to the stimulus frequency. the maximal re ... | 1985 | 4020696 |
| ultrastructure of the stomach of the small short-tailed shrew, blarina brevicauda c. | the normal gastric ultrastructure has been characterized for the small short-tailed shrew, blarina brevicauda c., which is a primitive eutherian and one of the smallest living mammals with extraordinarily high metabolic rate. in general the cell types present and cytologic character of gastric mucosal, submucosal, and muscularis cells were similar to that reported for other more advanced small mammalian species. chief cells, endocrine cells, and lamina proprial elements were morphologically iden ... | 1985 | 4020920 |
| a comparative study of the tapetum, retina and skull of the ferret, dog and cat. | results of this investigation indicate that the ferret (mustela putorius) closely resembles the dog (canis familiaris) and should be a useful research animal alternative. the tapetum lucidum is a common structure present in the eyes of dogs, cats (felis catus) and other nocturnal animals. our study showed that this structure was present in ferret eyes. the color or reflection of the ferret and dog tapetum was remarkably reduced by the general fixation with glutaraldehyde. however, this color fad ... | 1985 | 4021435 |
| measles virus encephalitis in ferrets as a model for subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. | young adult ferrets were used as experimental animals to study subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (sspe). when cells infected with cell-associated measles virus strains isolated from sspe patients were inoculated intracerebrally (i.c.) into ferrets, they developed an acute encephalitis and died within 1 to 3 weeks without detectable antibody formation. immunization with live measles vaccine 5 weeks before i.c. inoculation changed the course of the infection in about 50% of the ferrets. these an ... | 1985 | 4021436 |
| the ferret as a model for inner ear research. | viral infections have long been suspected to be causative agents in a number of inner ear dysfunctions. with few exceptions, the virus has not been demonstrated as the direct agent leading to hearing loss and/or vertigo. selective inner ear changes have been observed recently in sensory and nonsensory epithelial cells in the ferret model for reye's syndrome after intranasal inoculation with influenza b combined with aspirin administration and the creation of an arginine deficiency. such findings ... | 1985 | 4021437 |
| pulmonary physiology of the ferret and its potential as a model for inhalation toxicology. | physiological measurements were made from anesthetized, tracheotomized, supine male ferrets. six animals weighing 576 +/- 12 g, had tidal volumes (vt) of 6.06 +/- 0.30 ml, respiratory frequencies (f) of 26.7 +/- 3.9 min(-1), dynamic lung compliance (cdyn) of 2.48 +/- 0.21 ml cmh2o(-1), pulmonary resistance (rl) of 22.56 +/- 1.61 cmh2o l(-1) sec. pressure-volume curves from nine ferrets (including the above six) revealed almost infinitely compliant chest walls so that lung and total respiratory s ... | 1985 | 4021438 |
| evaluation of ketamine, ketamine-xylazine and ketamine-diazepam anesthesia in the ferret. | ketamine, ketamine-xylazine, and ketamine-diazepam were evaluated clinically in 15 ferrets, and safe dosage was determined for each. all of the three regimens provided excellent immobilization. however, muscle rigidity and incomplete analgesia were noted in ketamine alone and in ketamine-diazepam respectively. it was concluded that 25 mg/kg ketamine and 2 mg/kg xylazine intramuscularly provided acceptable analgesia, muscle relaxation, duration and smooth recovery, although cardiac arrhythmias we ... | 1985 | 4021439 |
| adrenalectomy in the ferret. | a simple adrenalectomy technique is presented for the ferret (mustela putorius furo). the adrenal glands were removed in two operations with an interim recovery period of approximately 1 week. the right adrenal should be removed first, as the surgery is complicated on that side by fascia which binds the adrenal to the inferior vena cava. salt solution (1% nacl) in place of water will maintain sodium balance. | 1985 | 4021440 |
| a comparative study of complement activation. | antisera to sheep erythrocytes (e) were raised in cattle, rabbits, mice, hamsters, guinea-pigs, ferrets, badgers, hedgehogs and fowls. cross activation of total haemolytic complement (thca) examined all combinations of sensitized sheep e and normal sera (including human); kinetic assays examined the lysis of e sensitized with rabbit antibodies. from the same species, all combinations of normal serum and xenogeneic e were used to measure total alternative pathway activity (tapa); tapa was also ac ... | 1985 | 4024450 |
| recent h1n1 viruses (a/ussr/90/77, a/fiji/15899/83, a/firenze/13/83) replicate poorly in ferret bronchial epithelium. brief report. | three recent wild-type h1n1 influenza virus isolates (a/ussr/90/77, a/fiji/15899/83 and a/firenze/13/83) replicated poorly in organ cultures of ferret bronchial tissue compared with the replication of an h3n2 wild-type virus (a/england/939/69). all four viruses replicated well in nasal turbinate tissue. examination of one h1n1 virus (a/ussr/90/77) in vivo showed heavy infection in the upper respiratory tract of ferrets but little in the lower respiratory tract. these results raise the possibilit ... | 1985 | 4026584 |
| a demonstration of two distinct geniculocortical projection patterns in albino ferrets. | the geniculocortical pathways of albino ferrets have been studied by injecting lectin bound horseradish peroxidase into the visual cortex and then studying the geniculate distribution of retrogradely labelled cells in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus. it has been shown that in ferrets, as in siamese cats, there are two quite distinct patterns of geniculocortical projection. one of the patterns seen in ferrets is comparable to the 'midwestern' pattern previously described in siamese cats, wh ... | 1985 | 4027667 |
| the organization of the lateral geniculate nucleus and of the geniculocortical pathway that develops without retinal afferents. | the fine structure and cortical connections of the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus have been studied in postnatal (3.5-14-month-old) ferrets in which all retinal afferents had been removed prenatally at the time these fibers are first starting to invade the nucleus. the synaptic profiles in the mature nucleus show the cytological characteristics and arrangements that would remain if the retinal afferents were removed, with no significant compensatory ingrowth of foreign specific afferents. the ... | 1985 | 4027668 |
| brugia malayi: intravenous injection of microfilariae in ferrets as an experimental method for occult filariasis. | microfilaremia, immune responses, and pathology were compared in ferrets infected with 100 third-stage larvae of brugia malayi (subperiodic strain) or injected intravenously with 10(6) microfilariae. ferrets (mustela putorius furo) inoculated with third-stage larvae typically became patent during the third month after infection, with a mean patency of 123 +/- 25 (se) days. ferrets injected intravenously with microfilariae exhibited a relatively constant microfilaremia for 3-4 weeks and usually c ... | 1985 | 4029349 |
| patterns of muscarinic cholinergic binding in the striatum and their relation to dopamine islands and striosomes. | the distribution of muscarinic cholinergic binding sites in the striatum was studied in relation to the locations of other neurochemical markers in the developing rat, cat, ferret, and human. in addition, patterns of striatal muscarinic binding were studied in the adult cat. receptor binding autoradiography was carried out with tritiated propylbenzilylcholine mustard [( 3h]-prbcm), an irreversible muscarinic antagonist, and subsequent serial section analyses involved comparisons among patterns o ... | 1985 | 4031121 |
| the relationship between intracellular calcium and contraction in calcium-overloaded ferret papillary muscles. | the photoprotein aequorin was microinjected into cells on the surface of ferret papillary muscles. tension and aequorin light, a function of intracellular ca concentration ([ca2+]i), were monitored. the preparations were exposed to increased concentrations of extracellular ca ([ca2+]o). small increases in [ca2+]o led to the usual increase in both the systolic light signal and the developed tension. however, high [ca2+]o led to a fall in developed tension known as ca overload. this fall of tensio ... | 1985 | 4032294 |
| nervous control of mucin secretion into human bronchi. | pieces of ferret trachea and human bronchi were mounted in ussing chambers and given [35s]sulphate as a radiolabelled precursor of mucous glycoproteins (mucins). the output of 35s bound to macromolecules was studied as an index of mucin secretion. in the ferret trachea, electrical field stimulation increased the rate of mucin secretion. tetrodotoxin (10(-7) m or 10(-6) m) abolished this effect. pilocarpine (25 microm) stimulated the output of mucins from human bronchus. atropine (10(-5) m) aboli ... | 1985 | 4032317 |
| measurement and stoichiometry of bumetanide-sensitive (2na:1k:3cl) cotransport in ferret red cells. | the bumetanide-sensitive uptake of na+, k+(rb+) and cl- has been measured at 21 degrees c in ferret red cells treated with (sits + dids) to minimize anion flux via capnophorin (band 3). during the time course of the influx experiments tracer uptake was a first-order rate process. at normal levels of external na+ (150 mm) the bumetanide-sensitive uptake of k+ was dependent on cl- and represented almost all of the k+ uptake, the residual flux demonstrating linear concentration dependence. the upta ... | 1985 | 4032458 |
| identification by specific radioimmunoassay of two novel peptides derived from the c-terminus of porcine preprogastrin. | a radioimmunoassay has been developed using antibodies to a synthetic analogue of the c-terminal hexapeptide sequence of the porcine gastrin precursor. boiling water extracts of porcine antral mucosa contained immunoreactive material that diluted in parallel with standard peptide. concentrations of immunoreactivity were 5.5 +/- 0.8 nmol x g-1 (mean +/- s.e.m.) in antral mucosa and were closely similar to those of c-terminal heptadecapeptide gastrin immunoreactivity (5.0 +/- 0.6 nmol x g-1). appr ... | 1985 | 4035006 |
| oestrus control in the ferret. | 1985 | 4039501 | |
| coital stimuli controlling luteinizing hormone secretion and ovulation in the female ferret. | a series of experiments focused on the masculine coital behaviors controlling pituitary luteinizing hormone (lh) secretion and reflex ovulation in the estrous female ferret. an initial experiment investigated which coital stimuli from the male are required to induce ovulation. it was found that corpus luteum formation, which served as an index of ovulation, occurred in estrous female ferrets only if the male achieved a penile intromission. neck gripping, mounting, and pelvic thrusting behavior w ... | 1985 | 4039954 |
| effects of neonatal castration and testosterone treatment on sexual partner preference in the ferret. | groups of male and female ferrets were tested in a t maze to determine whether they preferred to approach and interact with a sexually active male or an estrous female. control male and female ferrets gonadectomized (gx) on postnatal day 35 and tested in adulthood while receiving no hormone or testosterone (t) displayed no significant preference. when given estradiol benzoate (eb), however, control males preferred stimulus females whereas control females preferred stimulus males. when tested in ... | 1985 | 4040251 |
| congenital malformations and variations in reproductive performance in the ferret: effects of maternal age, color and parity. | demographic data of ferrets from a commercial breeding colony were analyzed for the effects of maternal age, parity and strain on reproductive performance and the frequency of gross congenital abnormalities observed at parturition. litter size (mean +/- sem) was found to be greatest for young, primiparous females (10.3 +/- 0.2) and decreased with advancing maternal age and parity to a cohort mean of 8.1 +/- 0.1 for third parity females 16 months of age. age, parity or strain had no effect on 24- ... | 1985 | 4040588 |
| wheel-running during anoestrus and oestrus in the ferret. | wheel-running activity was studied in female ferrets (mustela putorius furo), during periods of anoestrus and oestrus, as well as after gonadectomy. during anoestrus wheel-running was restricted to the hours of illumination, but during oestrus extended into the dark period and was increased overall, with the number of wheel revolutions being doubled or trebled. in spayed females wheel-running was mostly limited to the light periods. | 1985 | 4041057 |
| spontaneous plasma cell myeloma in a ferret (mustela putorius furo). | 1985 | 4049681 | |
| interaction between ventricular cells during the early part of excitation in the ferret heart. | the source-load interaction during impulse propagation of excited and unexcited cells respectively was studied in the working myocardium. velocity of propagation and the shape of the early part of the action potential was measured in ferret papillary muscles or trabeculae with the preparation surrounded by either a large volume or a thin layer of tyrode solution, the latter situation being established by means of a silicone fluid bath technique. quick changes between the two situations resulted ... | 1985 | 4050489 |
| role of extrinsic and intrinsic nerves in the relationship between intestinal motility and transmural potential difference in the anesthetized ferret. | in the anesthetized ferret jejunum, the role of extrinsic and intrinsic nerves in the relationship between intestinal motor activity and transmural potential difference (pd) was studied. in the vagally intact ferret and after sympathetic blockade, spontaneous bursts of jejunal motor activity were associated with fluctuations in transmural pd. both responses were abolished by vagotomy, atropine, and tetrodotoxin. prolonged electrical stimulation of the cervical vagus nerve induced a cyclical moti ... | 1985 | 4054520 |
| recurrent adenocarcinoma in a ferret. | a 4.5-year-old, neutered male ferret with a history of recurrent adenocarcinoma in the preputial region was given 2 radiation treatment courses designed to control the rapidly growing neoplasm. the tumor regressed completely after the first 3.5-week course of therapy. the ferret remained clinically disease-free for 4 months, at which time small masses were noticed in the inguinal area and the original tumor site. a second course of therapy was administered, which again resulted in complete clini ... | 1985 | 4055507 |
| attenuation of wild-type human influenza a virus by acquisition of the pa polymerase and matrix protein genes of influenza a/ann arbor/6/60 cold-adapted donor virus. | wild-type influenza a viruses can be attenuated for humans by the acquisition of genes from the a/ann arbor/6/60 cold-adapted (ca) donor virus. six-gene reassortants, that is, viruses containing the hemagglutinin and neuraminidase surface glycoprotein genes of the wild-type virus and the six remaining rna segments of the ca donor virus, are consistently attenuated for humans. during the production of a six-gene reassortant virus containing the surface glycoproteins of the a/washington/897/80 (h3 ... | 1985 | 4056002 |
| morphology, central projections, and dendritic field orientation of retinal ganglion cells in the ferret. | retinal ganglion cells were studied in pigmented ferrets that received small electrophoretic injections of horseradish peroxidase (hrp) into the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (lgnd) or optic tract. ferret retina contains a number of types of retinal ganglion cells of which the relative cell body sizes, dendritic field structures, and central projections correspond closely to those of retinal ganglion cell types in the cat. ferret retina contains about the same proportion of alphalike cells, ... | 1985 | 4056111 |
| gastric tone modifies the responses to extrinsic neural stimuli in the anaesthetized ferret. | to determine the relation between resting intragastric pressure and neuronally evoked motility responses, the stomach of the anaesthetized ferret was inflated with two volumes within the physiological range. vagal evoked contractions decreased as the resting pressure was increased. the decrease affected responses to high, but not low, intensity stimulation of the vagus. vagal evoked relaxation of the stomach increased as a linear function of resting pressure. atropine lowered the resting pressur ... | 1985 | 4057085 |
| oestrus-associated anaemia in the ferret. | 1985 | 4060555 | |
| effects of ryanodine on intracellular ca2+ transients in mammalian cardiac muscle. | we observed the effects of ryanodine on the aequorin luminescence, membrane potential, and contraction of canine cardiac purkinje fibers and ferret ventricular muscle. in canine purkinje fibers, ryanodine (10 nm to 1 microm) abolished the spontaneous spatiotemporal fluctuations in [ca2+] that occur as a result of ca2+-induced ca2+ release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (sr) during exposure to low-na+ solutions. ryanodine strongly reduced the twitch and both components of the intracellular aequo ... | 1985 | 4065357 |
| brainstem connections of vagal afferent nerves in the ferret: an autoradiographic study. | using an autoradiographic technique the central connections of vagal afferent fibres in the ferret were studied. the results show that the principal site of termination is the ipsilateral nucleus of the tractus solitarius with smaller projections to the contralateral tractus nucleus, the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus and the area postrema and subpostrema. the fibres cross the midline via the commissural nucleus of cajal. no evidence of vagal afferent fibres was found in the reticular formati ... | 1985 | 4066482 |
| the projection of the visual field onto the lateral geniculate nucleus of the ferret. | the projection of the visual field onto the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (lgn) of the ferret was mapped electrophysiologically. the nucleus contains a single orderly map of the contralateral visual hemifield. the upper visual field is represented dorsally and rostrally in the nucleus; central fields are found in the medial and caudal sections of the lgn; and peripheral fields are represented most laterally. the ipsilateral eye is represented in laminae a1 and c1 up to eccentricities of 20-3 ... | 1985 | 4067015 |
| anatomical organization of primary visual cortex (area 17) in the ferret. | the present report describes the intrinsic and extrinsic cortical connectivity of striate cortex (area 17) in the ferret. injections of horseradish peroxidase demonstrate periodic intrinsic connections over an extent of 2.5-3.0 mm, mainly in the supragranular layers but also occurring secondarily in layer 5. these connections have a stripelike configuration, with a center-to-center spacing of 0.5-0.7 mm. their laminar distribution and stripelike configuration resemble the pattern in the cat (gil ... | 1985 | 4067016 |
| distribution of ganglion cells in the retina of adult pigmented ferret. | the retinal ganglion cell distribution in adult pigmented ferret was mapped in nissl-stained retinas and in retinas back-filled with hrp after large bilateral injections of the enzyme into the brain. in common with other carnivores the ferret has an area of peak cell density equivalent to the area centralis and a prominent visual streak of high cell density extending horizontally across the retina. the maximum ganglion cell densities for the retinas were estimated to be 3500-5200 cells/mm2 in ni ... | 1985 | 4075115 |
| effect of exposure to 500 ppm sulfur dioxide on the lungs of the ferret. | male ferrets (mustela putorius furo) were exposed 3 h/day, 3 days/week for 12 weeks to 500 ppm so2. determinations were made of airway responsiveness by producing histamine dose-effect curves. lung tissues were fixed and studied by light and electron microscopy. epithelial cells of the trachea and bronchus were most affected. lesions observed included changes in ciliated cells, edema and cell infiltration. the most responsive animals to histamine were 2 from the exposed group. nasal discharge an ... | 1985 | 4081352 |
| vagal control of fluid transport, transmural potential difference, and motility in the ferret jejunum. | the role of the vagus nerve in the control of intestinal transport was investigated in the ferret jejunum in vivo. fluid transport was measured in an isolated 10-cm segment of jejunum by means of a single-pass perfusion technique with radioactive markers introduced into the perfusion fluid and the bloodstream of the animal. transmural potential difference (pd) and intraluminal pressure in the perfused jejunal loop were also monitored. vagal stimulation (20 hz, 20 v, and 0.5 ms for 1 min) resulte ... | 1985 | 4083347 |
| osteoma in a ferret. | 1985 | 4086359 | |
| calcium-force relationships as detected with aequorin in two different vascular smooth muscles of the ferret. | the bioluminescent calcium indicator aequorin was chemically loaded into isolated strips of ferret portal vein and ferret aorta. aequorin light emission (a function of [ca2+]i) was recorded simultaneously with tension. assuming an [mg2+]i of 0.5 mm, [ca2+]i was 1.8 x 10(-7) m in the unstimulated portal vein at 22 degrees c where there was negligible resting tone. in contrast, in the unstimulated aorta at 22 degrees c where there was significant basal tone, the [ca2+]i was 2.7 x 10(-7) m. in both ... | 1985 | 4093883 |
| morphology, organelles and susceptibility to viruses of cultured ferret cells. | cells explanted from a normal 6-week-old ferret's brain have been subcultured over 100 times, have undergone over 400 population doublings, possess ferret-specific antigens and are referred to as mpf cells. low passage-level mpf cells formed diffuse colonies with ill-defined borders which had a swirling 'finger-print' pattern whereas the colonies formed by high passage-level cells were more densely populated and had distinct borders. mpf cells at their 100th passage level appeared as a loose mon ... | 1985 | 4094568 |
| [immunovirologic markers of the risk of influenza a h3n2 among swine]. | a seroepidemiological survey using the radial haemolysis test has been performed on a representative sampling of the pig herds in brittany. since 1978, influenza a h3n2 strains spread in that reservoir giving subclinical infections. we detected antibodies directed against the influenza prototypes isolated during the human outbreaks from 1973 to 1977. only one h3n2 virus was isolated in 1980: its antigenic structure was in agreement with the previous serological data. in 1984 outbreaks of swine i ... | 1985 | 4095329 |
| variability in milk composition of the domestic ferret (mustela putorius). | ferret milk composition was analyzed among individuals, over time, and across teat pairs. females differed in fat, protein, and lactose concentrations. protein and fat concentrations varied over the course of lactation. lactose was the only measured component which differed across teat pairs. | 1985 | 2863046 |
| common epitopes between mycobacterial and certain host tissue antigens. | monoclonal antibodies (moab) produced against a sonicated antigen extract of mycobacterium bovis were examined for their ability to bind to 10 common tissue antigens. the binding patterns of moab mb2, mb3, mb7, mb11 and mb13 indicated that each recognized different epitopes. moab mb5 and mb17 failed to bind to any of the tissue antigens. mb3 reacted strongly with normal tissue from m. bovis infected guinea pigs and ferrets but there was no reaction with mb5 and mb17. these specificities were con ... | 1985 | 2412744 |
| effects of sodium substitutes on transient inward current and tension in guinea-pig and ferret papillary muscle. | we used ouabain-treated guinea-pig and ferret papillary muscles to study transient inward current (iti), after-contractions, and tonic tension development during voltage-clamp pulses. li, sucrose and choline were used isosmotically as na substitutes to evaluate the effect of altering the na equilibrium potential. we were unable to detect outward iti at any potential up to +30 mv in normal or na-depleted solutions. however, reduction of na had a biphasic effect on iti, initially increasing it and ... | 1985 | 2580967 |
| host range of mink cell focus-inducing viruses. | the species host range of the recombinant, mink cell focus-inducing (mcf) class of murine retroviruses was determined in vitro and compared to the host range properties of xenotropic and amphotropic murine viruses. in contrast to xenotropic and amphotropic viruses, mcf viruses were restricted in the number of mammalian species they would infect. cell lines from mouse, rat, mink, ferret, and cat were susceptible to mcf infection and certain virus isolates could infect rabbit cells, but cells from ... | 1985 | 2982233 |
| identification of the ah receptor in selected mammalian species and induction of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase. | the ah receptor protein, important in the mechanism of induction of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase activity, has been identified and partially characterized in hepatic cytosolic preparations from rat, balb/c mouse, gerbil, hamster, rabbit, ferret and guinea-pig by means of sucrose density centrifugation analysis and hydroxyapatite binding assays. using 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro[3h]dibenzo-p-dioxin (tcdd) as the ligand, total specific binding capacities ranged over 74-691 fmol [3h]tcdd/mg cytosolic prote ... | 1985 | 2982617 |