Publications

[characteristics of echo-19 virus strain rad/40 causing an experimental lesion of the vascular coat of the eye (uveitis) in cynomolgus monkeys].	four strains of echo-19 virus were isolated from a child with respiratory disease complicated with uveitis. a freshly isolated rad/40 strain of echo-19 virus was found to produce a severe disease of the vascular coat of the eye (uveitis) in javan cercopithecus monkeys inoculated directly into the anterior chamber of the eye. experimental uveitis is characterized by marked changes in the shape of the pupil, the lack of the pupil reaction to light, development of synechias, changes in the color of ...	1982	6760552
the morphology and connections of the posterior hypothalamus in the cynomolgus monkey (macaca fascicularis). i. cytoarchitectonic organization.	the cytoarchitectonic organization of the posterior hypothalamus of the cynomolgus monkey (macaca fascicularis) was analyzed in nissl, golgi, acetylcholinesterase, and reduced silver preparations. the region consists of a number of cell masses that differ considerably in their discreteness and in the homogeneity of their neuronal populations. the nuclei identified include: the medial mamillary nucleus (in which at least three distinct subdivisions can be recognized--a pars medialis, a pars later ...	1982	6808030
the morphology and connections of the posterior hypothalamus in the cynomolgus monkey (macaca fascicularis). ii. efferent connections.	the efferent connections of the posterior hypothalamus have been analyzed autoradiographically in a series of eight cynomolgus monkey (macaca fascicularis) brains with injections of 3h-amino acids in different regions of the mamillary complex and the surrounding areas. the medial mamillary nucleus was found to project through the mamillothalamic tract to the ipsilateral anteroventral, anteromedial, and interanteromedial nuclei, and by way of the mamillotegmental tract principally to the deep teg ...	1982	6808031
sucralfate: pharmacokinetics, metabolism and selective binding to experimental gastric and duodenal ulcers in animals.	pharmacokinetics, metabolism, and binding capability of a basic aluminium salt of sucrose octasulphate (sucralfate, ulcogant) to ulcer lesions were investigated in wistar rat, beagle dog, rhesus, and cynomolgus monkey with 14c-labelled material. after i.v. injection in rats the 14c-radioactivity has a very short serum half-life of 1 h and is excreted almost completely by the kidneys. after oral administration only a very small portion of the dose is detectable in serum which is eliminated rapidl ...	1982	6896647
the binding properties of the muscarinic receptors of the cynomolgus monkey ciliary body and the response to the induction of agonist subsensitivity.	1 the binding properties of the muscarinic receptors in the ciliary muscle of cynomolgus monkeys have been evaluated. 2 the concentration of receptor binding sites is the highest yet reported. as found in many species and tissues, there are subclasses of agonist binding sites. agonist binding is not affected by the non-hydrolysable guanosine triphosphate (gtp) analogue, gppnhp, suggesting that these receptors are not linked to adenylate cyclase. 3 ciliary muscles made subsensitive by treatment w ...	1982	6897523
effect of polychlorinated biphenyls and polychlorinated quaterphenyls in cynomolgus monkey (macaca fascicularis).	female cynomolgus monkeys (macaca fascicularis) with p-kc-400, y-pcb, py-pcb or polychlorinated quaterphenyls (pcq) received a daily dose of 5 mg for 20 weeks, and some monkeys received a daily dose of 10 mg of y-pcb or 0.5 mg of pcq. the chemical compositions of the polychlorobiphenyls (pcb) used for the oral administration were as follows: p-kc-400, pcb from which polychlorodibenzofurans (pcdf) have been removed from kanecklor 400, largely contains tri- and tetrachlorobiphenyls and no pcdf. wh ...	1982	6814017
effect of mannitol on experimental focal ischemia in awake monkeys.	the effect of mannitol on focal cerebral ischemia in cynomolgus monkeys was studied. after the implantation of a snare ligature about the right middle cerebral artery (mca) and of deep electrodes for measurement of cerebral blood flow, unanesthetized animals underwent 4-hour mca occlusion. ten monkeys were untreated, and 12 animals received mannitol (1.2 g/kg i.v.) 20 minutes after occlusion. the preocclusion and postocclusion deep hemispheric cerebral blood flows (mean cbfs) were similar in the ...	1982	6815550
polychlorinated biphenyl toxicity in the pregnant cynomolgus monkey: a pilot study.		1982	6816151
some observations on hypothalamo-amygdaloid connections in the monkey.	the projections of the hypothalamus to the amygdala have been studied autoradiographically in a series of eleven cynomolgus monkeys (macaca fascicularis) in which injections of [3h]amino acids had been made in different regions of the caudal two-thirds of the hypothalamus. the most prominent projection arises from the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus and terminates most heavily in the medial, magnocellular division of the central nucleus. injections confined to the ventromedial nucleus a ...	1982	6816388
social status, environment, and atherosclerosis in cynomolgus monkeys.	the purpose of this experiment was to examine the effects of social environment and social status on coronary artery and aortic atherosclerosis in adult male cynomolgus monkeys (macaca fascicularis). thirty experimental animals were assigned to six groups of five members each, and all animals were fed a moderately atherogenic diet (43% of calories as fat, 0.34 mg cholesterol/cal) for 22 months. group memberships were changed periodically among 15 monkeys (unstable social condition) and remained ...	1982	6889852
sequelae of vasectomy.	in response to enquiries received by the world health organization (who) from several countries, the who special program of research, development and research training in human reproduction convened a meeting of experts in geneva during august 1981 to review the available animal, clinical, and epidemiological data on vasectomy, with particular emphasis on clinical implications of longterm sequelae of vasectomy in cardiovascular disease. the occurrence of circulating antibodies to sperm antigens ...	1982	7042195
the distribution of the cariogenic bacterium streptococcus mutans in the gastrointestinal tract of monkeys (macaca fascicularis).	the success of oral vaccines based on strep. mutans might be influenced by its presence in the gastrointestinal (gi) tract. enumeration of strep. mutans at various sites of the gi tract of sucrose-fed monkeys revealed a localized distribution. high numbers of strep. mutans were recovered from only the dental plaque, caecum and the large intestine. where strep. mutans was not detectable in the dental plaque it could not be isolated from regions of the gi tract sampled. the absence of strep. mutan ...	1982	6958227
pulpal effects of electrosurgery involving based and unbased cervical amalgam restorations.	the pulpal effects of electrosurgery involving unrestored enamel, cementum, calcium hydroxide-copal varnish-based restorations and unbased restorations were evaluated in extracted human teeth and posterior teeth of cynomolgus monkeys. electrosurgery for all studies was performed with a fully rectified filtered unit under conditions of normal clinical usage. studies in extracted human teeth measured the voltage potential generated between a reference probe in apical pulp tissue and an activated e ...	1982	6961345
lead acetate uptake in the nasal septum during midfacial growth in macaca fascicularis.	growth of the bone structures of the nasal septum was studied in two young macaca fascicularis (human age, 8 to 9 years) that received serial injections of lead acetate as a maker. the nasal septum in these monkeys is a thin, fragile, but morphologically complex, structure. a number of adjustment sites to the lengthening of the midface were observed, namely, at the cranial surface, at the junction of the bulbous perpendicular plate of the vomer and the nasal septum, and at the inferior junction ...	1982	6961796
a study of freeze-dried (lyophilized) dentin used as an apical barrier in adult monkey teeth.	thirty-two fully formed vital teeth of four adult cynomolgus monkeys were endodontically prepared to simulate conditions of an open apex. the apical 2 to 5 mm. of 24 teeth were filled with freeze-dried dentin. the eight remaining teeth received no implant material and served as controls. all the teeth were obturated with gutta-percha. the monkeys were sacrificed at 6, 13, 23, and 27 week periods, and the specimens were prepared for histologic examination. the early specimens showed acute inflamm ...	1982	6950346
pulpal and radicular response to maxillary osteotomy in monkeys.	the purpose of this study was to examine the pulpal and radicular response to total maxillary osteotomy. the osteotomy was performed on four adult macaca irus monkeys. monkeys were killed after a postsurgical observation period of 150 days. tissue blocks of the maxilla with teeth were cut and examined histologically. the pulp of the majority of the teeth from experimental animals showed cellular and circulatory pathologic changes, even in the presence of collateral circulation.	1982	6954445
experimental retinal detachment. ii. role of the vitreous.	the role of the cortical vitreous in persistence of experimental retinal detachments was evaluated in cynomolgus monkeys. detachments were created by subretinal injection of 20% autologous serum in ringer's solution. a pars plana vitrectomy was performed on selected eyes with a douvas vitrectomy instrument before creation of the detachment. retinal holes were created from the subretinal side with a hooked needle or from the vitreal side with the vitrectomy instrument. the rate of reattachment of ...	1982	7092660
incidence of ketamine-induced emesis in cynomologus monkeys (macaca fascicularis) used for staphylococcal enterotoxin bioassay.	ten (24%) of 41 cynomologus monkeys (macaca fascicularis) showed emetic response to 2.5-20 mg/kg of ketamine injected i.m. reduction of the levels of ketamine to one half or less of the emetic level resulted in faster recovery from sedation yet provided adequate time for intubation and subsequent intragastric feeding of staphylococcal enterotoxin (se) in only 6 of the 10 monkeys without emesis. the onset of the first emetic episode with ketamine was similar to that induced by staphylococcal ente ...	1982	7093145
short-term changes in the mesiodistal position of teeth following removal of approximal contacts in the monkey macaca fascicularis.	a capacitance transducer was used to measure the changes in the distance between pairs of adjacent teeth following the removal of tooth contact. ten pairs of incisors and cheek teeth were studied over periods of several hours in three adult monkeys. compared with minor changes in control tooth pairs, there was a sustained approximation of the capacitance plates for periods up to 2 h. removal of tooth contacts with the teeth adjacent to the test pairs of teeth caused separation of the plates. it ...	1982	6953944
absorption, distribution, excretion and metabolism of cefmetazole in cynomolgus monkeys.	the pharmacokinetics and metabolic fate of cefmetazole (cs-1170, cmz) were studied in cynomolgus monkeys by means of combination of radio- and bioassay techniques and that of three radioactive drugs labeled at the different moiety of the molecule. the plasma level of radioactivity after intramuscular injection of cefmetazole[methoxyl-14c] (50 mg/kg) reached the maximum level (185 microgram/ml) after 10 minutes and declined with a half-life of about 48 minutes. in the thin-layer chromatography of ...	1982	6956564
fluid permeability of monkey ciliary epithelium in vivo.	four months after total iridectomy, the aqueous humor of each of six cynomolgus monkeys was perfused at the spontaneous intraocular pressure under urethane anesthesia. the perfusate solution consisted of mock aqueous humor containing trace amounts of 14c-dextran (70,000 mol. wt.). the aqueous was stirred to bathe the ciliary epithelium. aqueous flow was calculated from the tracer dilution. the aqueous humor was then perfused with bovine serum albumin (35 mg/ml) added to the perfusate. a new aque ...	1982	7096014
cells of origin of the spinoreticular tract in the monkey.	the distribution of the cells of origin of the primate spinoreticular tract was determined following injections of horseradish peroxidase (hpr) into the pontomedullary reticular formation in macaca fascicularis. five animals received large bilateral injections which included the raphe nuclei and seven monkeys received smaller, unilateral injections. sections sampled were from upper cervical levels, the cervical enlargement, upper and lower thoracic levels, and lumbosacral levels. the laminar dis ...	1982	7096639
structural and functional definition of the motor cortex in the monkey (macaca fascicularis).	1. the details of the organization of the motor cortex and its anterior and posterior border were investigated in three monkeys by a combination of techniques including intracortical microstimulation (i.c.m.s.), electrophysiological recording of cutaneous and muscle afferent inputs to single cortical neurones, and electrophysiological and anatomical identification of corticospinal neurones; in addition, data from these methods were related to cortical cytoarchitecture.2. almost 5000 individual c ...	1982	7097574
age-related immunoglobulin levels in cynomolgus monkeys.	serum immunoglobulin levels were measured with 144 domestically-bred cynomolgus monkeys, aged 0 day to 18 years. igg level of the newborn just after birth was somewhat lower than that of their mother monkeys, continuing to decrease for 3 postnatal months. thereafter, the level began to increase gradually till 4 to 5 years when an adult level was attained. iga was detected on the day of birth in half of the animals and started to increase soon after birth, reaching an adult level in 5 to 6 years. ...	1982	7098131
primary structure of monkey osteocalcin.	the complete 49-residue amino acid sequence of osteocalcin from the old world monkey macaca fascicularis has been determined by efficient combination of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and edman techniques. this vitamin k dependent protein of bone matrix contains three gamma-carboxyglutamic acid residues at positions 17, 21, and 24, as well as a disulfide-bonded loop (23--29). features of the sequence which apparently are required for the binding of ca2+ have been strongly conserved through ...	1982	6978733
experimental enteritis in cynomolgus monkeys produced by intragastric administration of salmonella typhimurium.		1982	7050486
autoradiography of (3h)-5-hydroxytryptamine uptake in the retina of some mammals.	the uptake of indoleamines into the retina of rats, rabbits, cows, pigs, baboons. cynomolgus monkeys, and man was studied by fluorescence microscopy and autoradiography. indoleamines were either injected intravitreally or the retinas were incubated with them. fluorescence microscopy failed to show any indoleamine accumulating neurons in all species investigated except rabbit, confirming previous observations. however, autoradiography showed uptake in a distinct class of neurons in cows and pigs. ...	1982	7056475
immunisation of monkeys (macaca fascicularis) with antigens purified from streptococcus mutans.		1982	6949599
an effect of communal caging on the streptococcal flora of the dental plaque of monkeys (macaca fascicularis).	22 monkeys were randomly allocated to one or other of 2 communes and fed a caries-promoting high sucrose diet. after 28 weeks commune 1 (13 monkeys) was found to harbour streptococcus mutans serotype e as the predominant streptococcal species, but no monkey in commune 2 harboured this serotype. instead the 9 monkeys of commune 2 harboured streptococcus milleri in their dental plaque. the significance of these observations on the use of monkeys as a model of human dental caries is discussed.	1982	7062714
hypolipidemic effects of gossypol in cynomolgus monkeys (macaca fascicularis).	the effect of gossypol acetic acid (gossypol) on plasma lipid concentrations was studied in adult male cynomolgus monkeys consuming a diet containing 0.19 mg cholesterol/kcal. gossypol was administered orally at 5 (n = 4) or 10 (n = 3) mg/kg/day for 6 months. a significant decrease in total plasma cholesterol (tpc) and low density lipoprotein and very low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (ldl + vldl-chol) concentrations was observed without any significant decrease in plasma high density lipoprot ...	1982	6952061
microstimulation of the supplementary motor area (sma) in the awake monkey.	the supplementary motor area of three macaca fascicularis was mapped using intracortical microstimulation (icms). both forelimb and hindlimb movements were evoked using currents of 30 microa or less. however, thresholds for evoking movements were higher than those in the primary motor cortex. proximal motor effects predominated, but distal joint movements were also elicited. forelimb points were clustered in mesial cortex of area 6, anterior to the precentral hindlimb and tail region. distal joi ...	1982	7067775
jaw movement-related activity and reflexly induced changes in the lateral pterygoid muscle of the monkey macaca fascicularis.	the muscle was exposed in 12 lightly anaesthetized monkeys so that electromyographic recordings could be made from the superior and inferior heads. the separately recorded activity in each head was initially examined in relation to activity recorded simultaneously in other jaw muscles or to jaw movements produced actively by the animals or passively induced by the experimenter. subsequently, the reflex effects of stimuli applied to various oral-facial sites were examined. in general, the superio ...	1982	6952828
objective measurement of physical activity in macaca fascicularis.	the mean and standard deviation over 24 h for 3 groups of animals - active, intermediate and inactive - in physical activity units were 10948 +/- 3360, 2611 +/- 1973 and 484 +/- 316 respectively. the differences were significant (p = 0.004), demonstrating the ability of the method to distinguish between groups that can be visibly differentiated. the small within-animal physical activity standard deviation (18.85 pau) obtained in another group, suggests that it also yields reliable physical activ ...	1982	7109528
the morphological correlates of primate cerebrospinal fluid absorption.	arachnoid villi from cynomolgus monkeys subjected to various states of cerebrospinal fluid (csf) absorption have been examined with scanning (sem) and transmission (tem) electron microscopy. pressures within the superior sagittal sinus and the subarachnoid space were rigidly controlled, both prior to and during perfusion fixation and, as such, we created and studied conditions of normal, absent and increased cerebrospinal fluid absorption. under normal conditions, the most prominent feature of t ...	1982	7104707
the stability of streptococcus mutans populations in the dental plaque of monkeys (macaca fascicularis).		1982	7107537
hyperdynamic severe intravascular sepsis depends on fluid administration in cynomolgus monkey.	a new model of high cardiac output septic shock in primates is presented that includes hemodynamic and metabolic effects of separate and combined infusions of normal saline and live escherichia coli. in monkeys receiving ketamine anesthesia, cardiac output (qt) increased with saline loading but not significantly with bacterial infusion, and bacterial infusion without saline never significantly increased qt. depressed oxygen consumption (vo2) was reversed with saline loading. in spite of continui ...	1982	7046476
the streptococcal flora of the tongue of the monkey macaca fascicularis.	the major streptococcal biotypes in the 8 monkeys investigated resembled streptococcus sanguis and streptococcus mitior with streptococcus salivarius forming only 5 to 6 per cent of the total colony count and being isolated from only 4 monkeys. the predominant tongue streptococci were not isolated from the dental plaque. similarly, streptococcus mutans, present in large numbers in the plaque of monkeys fed sucrose-rich diets, was isolated from the tongue of only 2 animals and formed only 2.4 per ...	1982	7046706
pteridine-metabolizing enzymes of macaca fascicularis.	1. the crab-eating monkey (macaca fascicularis) has been studied for enzymes which react in the biosynthesis of pteridine cofactor of phenylalanine hydroxylase: 2. rather high activity of sepiapterin reductase (ec 1.1.1.153)(0.130 mumol) and measurable activity of dihydrofolate reductase (ec 1.5.1.3)(0.039 mumol), (in amount of substrate reduced/hr/mg protein at 37 degrees c) were found in the crude extract from the liver. 3. sepiapterin reductase was observed, in blood, only in the erythrocytes ...	1982	7037283
sperm-agglutinating and -immobilizing antibody formation following vasectomy prevented with dexamethasone in cynomolgus monkeys.	cynomolgus monkeys (macaca fascicularis) were treated with 1.5 mg/kg dexamethasone (dex) before (4 to 2 days) and after (0, 2, 4, and 7 days) vasectomy. of the four monkeys treated with dex, only one developed sperm antibody as measured by sperm-agglutinating and sperm-immobilizing assays. all six of the vasectomized monkeys not given dex developed both agglutinating and immobilizing sperm antibodies. in this study, dex given before and after vasectomy blocked sperm-agglutinating and -immobilizi ...	1982	7095171
ultrastructure of experimental coronary artery atherosclerosis in cynomolgus macaques. a comparison with the lesions of other primates.	we studied the ultrastructure of the left anterior descending coronary artery in 6 female cynomolgus macaques fed atherogenic food containing 0.5% cholesterol for 6 months, and in 2 female cynomolgus macaques that had received food low in cholesterol. animals given the atherogenic food had coronary artery lesions of a characteristic two-level architecture consisting of a lipid-poor upper cap, and of a lipid-rich lower core. the cap consisted of layers of smooth muscle cells that were rich in rou ...	1982	7115459
effects of gossypol on reproductive and endocrine functions of male cynomolgus monkeys (macaca fascicularis).		1982	7115850
some topographical connections of the striate cortex with subcortical structures in macaca fascicularis.	subcortical connections of the striate cortex with the superior colliculus (sc), the lateral pulvinar (pl), the inferior pulvinar (pi) and the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (lg) were studied in the macaque monkey, macaca fascicularis, following cortical injections of tritiated proline and/or horseradish peroxidase. all four structures were shown to receive topographically organized projections from the striate cortex. the exposed surface of the striate cortex was found to be connected to the ...	1982	7117434
effect of intrauterine and intravascular quinacrine administration on histopathology, blood chemistry, and hematology in cynomolgus monkeys.		1982	7141015
the acquisition of streptococcus mutans by infant monkeys (macaca fascicularis) and its relationship to the initiation of dental caries.	the acquisition and transmission of streptococcus mutans by 16 consecutively born infant monkeys (macaca fascicularis) was studied. the 16 infant monkeys were weaned in four groups and caged together to form a commune. transmission from mother to infant occurred infrequently. streptococcus mutans was isolated from nine of the mothers but only from the dental plaque of two infant monkeys at weaning at which time the predominant streptococci were s. sanguis and s. mitior. one further animal was co ...	1982	7142960
wound-healing of the corneal endothelium in the monkey: a morphometric study.	topographical aspects and the time course of the healing processes in the corneal endothelium were studied in 31 cynomolgus monkey eyes. the corneal endothelium was damaged at the center by transcorneal freezing, using a probe with a tip diameter of 2.5 mm. flat preparations of the endothelium stained with silver nitrate were made at various time intervals after freezing. panoramic photographs of the corneal endothelium along the entire length of one meridian were made, and the sizes of individu ...	1982	7154423
metabolism of the prostaglandin fertility regulator sulprostone in monkeys.	the prostaglandin imide analog sulprostone (i) was labeled with tritium in the phenoxy ring to trace the fate of the prostanoic acid portion of the molecule and with carbon-14 in the methanesulfonimide moiety to trace the fate of that portion of the molecule. disposition was studied after intravenous administration to female cynomolgus monkeys. the excretion and plasma pharmacokinetics of total radioactivity indicated that the prostanoic acid and methanesulfonimide moieties were disposed of diff ...	1982	7156410
[ultrastructural evolution of fetal germinal cells to adult spermatogonia in macaca fascicularis monkeys].	ultrastructural changes in the spermatogonial line of the macaque, macaca fascicularis, were studied during foetal development (from day 37), childhood and puberty. the different cell types and their distinctive morphological characteristics have been identified by studying adjacent thick and thin sections under light and electron microscopy. the main criteria used were: organization of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (rer) and its relation to mitochondria, chromatin distribution, stainability a ...	1982	7156500
the effect of supragingival plaque control on the composition of the subgingival microbial flora in ligature-induced periodontitis in the monkey.	the influence of supragingival plaque control on the subgingival microflora and clinical parameters of ligature-induced periodontitis in the cynomolgus monkey was investigated. no clinical changes were observed during the six-week experimental period. the total cultivable flora and the proportions of total black-pigmented bacteroides (bpb) and asaccharolytic black-pigmented bacteroides decreased significantly in the cleaned test sites as compared to those in the non-cleaned controls. the study s ...	1982	6953127
histologic studies of angle structures after laser iridotomy in primates.	each of nine eyes of five cynomolgus monkeys had argon laser peripheral iridotomies performed to investigate the histologic effects on the trabecular meshwork. the laser technique was the same as is used in human eyes. with laser iridotomy, particulate debris was released into the anterior chamber and rapidly accumulated in the angle. the densest initial deposit was in the inferior juxtacanalicular trabecular meshwork. histologically, pigment was located both extracellularly and within giant vac ...	1982	7138337
visual transduction in retinal rods of the monkey macaca fascicularis.		1982	7121601
termination of retinal fibers in lateral preoptic and hypothalamic areas of the crab-eating monkey, macaca irus.	after a monocular injection of tritiated proline into the vitreous chamber of the eye, the distribution of labeled retinal termination in the hypothalamus of the crab-eating monkey was investigated by autoradiography. the results indicated that a few retinofugal fibers might terminate bilaterally in the lateral hypothalamic areas through the level of the anterior commissure to the infundibulum as well as the suprachiasmatic nuclei. the labeled fibers to the lateral hypothalamic area seemed to le ...	1982	7125863
cytochalasin b and d dose-outflow facility response relationships in the cynomolgus monkey.	total outflow facility was determined by two-level constant-pressure perfusion in cynomolgus monkeys for 30 to 40 min before and after intracameral infusion of cytochalasins b and d (cb, cd). cb and cd dose-facility response relationships were defined. cb doses of 0.1, 0.2, and 0.5 micrograms were subthreshold; 1, 2, 5 and 10 micrograms were effective, with 5 micrograms probably supramaximal. cd at 0.02 microgram was probably subthreshold; 0.1, 0.5, 1, 2.5, and 5 micrograms doses were effective, ...	1982	7129808
[identification of nitrosodimethylamine-forming aerobic bacteria isolated from the gastric contents of the monkey, macaca irus].		1982	7131774
field sensitivity of the "red" mechanism derived from primate local electroretinogram.	using the local erg in response to a long-wavelength stimulus as an indicator, field sensitivity functions have been obtained from cynomolgus macaque monkeys (macaca fascicularis) with flashed and sinusoidally flickering test stimuli. these functions show the reciprocal of the relative radiance, for various adapting wavelengths, required to reduce a 667-nm test response to a criterion level. the resulting functions resemble both stiles's pi 5 and the sr function of smith and pokorny, provided th ...	1982	7135849
pathogenicity of a poliomyelitis-like disease in monkeys infected orally with enterovirus 71: a model for human infection.	ten cynomolgus monkeys were given enterovirus 71 (e71) by mouth. clinically, only one monkey showed weakness of the lower extremities. histopathologically, vascular lesions of variable intensity, perivascular cuffing, degeneration and necrosis of the neurons and neuronophagia were observed in the cns of 7 monkeys. e71 was recovered from the cns and specific immunofluorescence was detected in the neurons and in associated macrophages in the cns. serum neutralizing antibody titres rose from 14 to ...	1982	7048123
metabolism and excretion of a chromone carboxylic acid (fpl 52757) in various animal species.	1. the disposition of the chromone carboxylic acid (fpl 52757) in several species has been investigated. the compound is extensively metabolized by hydroxylation in rat, mouse, ferret, squirrel monkey, cynomolgus monkey, rabbit, hamster, stumped-tailed macaque and baboon (e.g. 50-100% in rat, cynomolgus monkey and squirrel monkey). 2. the plasma clearance of the chromone in rat, rabbit and squirrel monkey was 138, 44 and 59 ml/kg per h respectively. plasma clearance by the dog was slower (13 ml/ ...	1982	7113251
corneal endothelial changes after argon-laser iridotomy and panretinal photocoagulation.	we performed argon-laser peripheral iridotomies on the right eyes of eight cynomolgus monkeys and administered panretinal scatter photocoagulation to the left eyes of the same monkeys. both eyes of each monkey were photographed and studied with a slit lamp, pachymetry, and direct and indirect specular microscopy. after follow-up periods of 0 to 31 days, the monkeys were killed and the enucleated eyes studied by light and scanning electron microscopy. scanning microscopy were deposits showed that ...	1982	7200328
accumulation of lipoproteins containing apo b in the aorta of cholesterol-fed cynomolgus monkeys.		1982	7115466
[glutaraldehyde - fixed human umbilical cord vein as a small diameter arterial substitute. experimentation on the monkey].	autologous saphenous veins, the preferred substitute material for aorto-coronary, femoro-popliteal and femoro-tibial by-pass, are usable in only 70% of individuals in need of such procedures. the development of small diameter substitute arteries is therefore essential to broaden the pool of patients who could benefit from this class of cardiovascular surgery. existing substitutes, however, present major difficulties and have had limited success. in this laboratory, an attempt has been made to de ...	1982	7119034
effects of inhalation exposure to hexachlorocyclopentadiene on rats and monkeys.	hexachlorocyclopentadiene (hex or c-56) is a highly reactive intermediate used in the production of some insecticides, flame retardants, and resins. the present study was conducted to evaluate the inhalation toxicity of high-purity hex (97.7%) in rats and monkeys to provide information on the potential hazards of accidental exposure of workers to hex vapors. acute, range-finding (14-d), and subchronic (90-d) inhalation studies were conducted with sprague-dawley rats and subchronic (90-d) inhalat ...	1982	7120508
experimental central serous chorioretinopathy in monkey eyes: fluorescein angiographic findings.	in an adult japanese monkey (macaca fuscatus), intravenous injections of adrenalin were repeated daily: 0.125 mg/kg for 7 days and 0.375 mg/kg from the 11th day on. in a cynomolgus monkey (macaca irus), daily injections were carried out with intravenous adrenalin (0.11 mg/kg for 12 days and a double dose from the 13th day on) and also with intramuscular prednisolone. after the 39th injection in the former and after the 32nd injection in the latter monkey, disciform serous retinal detachment was ...	1982	7133631
vasectomy: "the most unkindest cut of all"?	attention in this discussion is directed to an increasingly disputable method of sterilization, i.e., vasectomy, and more particularly to its possible causal relationship to atherosclerosis. despite the fact that vasectomy is now in vogue worldwide and that healthy young men are undergoing a procedure of possible serious longterm morbidity, no conclusive studies are available concerning the subject. suggestive results of laboratory studies and reasoned opinions are available for consideration. ...	1982	7135186
specificity of natural antibodies reactive with streptococcus mutans in monkeys.	enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were used to measure levels of natural antibody to defined antigens of streptococcus mutans in sera from monkeys (macaca fascicularis). the results suggest that most of the antibody in young monkeys that binds to whole bacteria is not specific to s. mutans.	1982	7056586
synaptic organization of the dopaminergic neurons in the retina of the cynomolgus monkey.	dopaminergic neurons have previously been demonstrated in the retina of cynomolgus monkeys (macaca fascicularis) by fluorescence microscopy. these neurons take up 5,6-dihydroxytryptamine, which alters their ultrastructure, and this technique has been used in the present study to identify the dopaminergic retinal neurons in the electron microscope. there are no indoleamine-accumulating neurons in the cynomolgus monkey retina to interfere with the analysis of the dopaminergic cells. the dopaminerg ...	1982	7056626
heterogeneity in epidermal basal keratinocytes: morphological and functional correlations.	two structurally distinct populations of basal keratinocytes, nonserrated and serrated, were observed in cynomolgus monkey and human palm epidermis. anatomical location, fine structural features, and kinetic properties suggest that nonserrated cells represent a stem cell population and that serrated cells help anchor the epidermis to the dermis.	1982	7058342
antiplatelet therapy reduces aortic intimal hyperplasia distal to small diameter vascular prostheses (ptfe) in nonhuman primates.	while the use of prosthetic grafts in small diameter arterial reconstruction is required when suitable autogenous graft material is unavailable, late occlusion of prosthetic grafts caused by proliferative lesions has been described. this study evaluated the suitability of 3-mm (id) microporous polytetrafluoroethylene (ptfe) gore-tex grafts inserted in the abdominal aorta of eight nonhuman primates (macaca fascicularis), and the effects of prolonged antiplatelet treatment on both graft patency an ...	1982	7059243
[chronological changes in the canine gubernacular foramen found in man and the crab-eating monkey, macaca fascicularis].		1982	6964069
effect of serotonin, histamine and bradykinin on outflow facility following ciliary muscle retrodisplacement in the cynomolgus monkey.	cynomolgus monkeys with surgically untouched, aniridic, or ciliary muscle disinserted eyes underwent two-level constant pressure perfusion of the anterior chamber to determine total outflow facility before and after intracameral infusion of bradykinin triacetate (0.1, 1, 10 micrograms), histamine dihydrochloride (1, 10, 100 micrograms), or serotonin creatinine sulfate (1, 10, 100 micrograms). bradykinin had no effect on facility in non-disinserted eyes, but significantly decreased facility in di ...	1982	7151886
responses of primate spinothalamic neurons located in the sacral intermediomedial gray (stilling's nucleus) to proprioceptive input from the tail.	extracellular an intracellular recordings were obtained from 24 spinothalamic neurons located in the intermediomedial gray (stilling's nucleus) in the s2 and s3 spinal segments of anesthetized adult monkeys (macaca fascicularis). most units were spontaneously active. they lacked cutaneous receptive fields but could be excited by subcutaneous receptors. bending the tail to one side of the animal's body axis excited cells located on the contralateral side of the cord an inhibited ipsilateral cells ...	1982	7059828
the risk of hepatic artery embolization in the presence of obstructive jaundice.	rhesus and cynomolgus monkeys were used as experimental subjects to determine the extend to which the presence of biliary obstruction increases the risk of hepatic necrosis following hepatic artery embolization. it was found that peripheral hepatic artery embolization without biliary obstruction resulted in acute hepatic swelling and dysfunction and chronic focal infarction with bile cyst formation. however, massive hepatic necrosis and bile lakes were not seen. distal common bile duct obstructi ...	1982	7063748
systemic lupus erythematosus-like syndrome in monkeys fed alfalfa sprouts: role of a nonprotein amino acid.	hematologic and serologic abnormalities similar to those observed in human systemic lupus erythematosus (sle) developed in cynomolgus macaques fed alfalfa sprouts. l-canavanine sulfate, a constituent of alfalfa sprouts, was incorporated into the diet and reactivated the syndrome in monkeys in which an sle-like syndrome had previously been induced by the ingestion of alfalfa seeds or sprouts.	1982	7071589
specialized cell types and their regional distribution in the conjunctival epithelium of the cynomolgus monkey.	in the superficial layer of the conjunctival epithelium of cynomolgus monkeys, five different cell types were found. the cell types were distinguished by ultrastructural criteria (e.g., cell organelles and cytoplasma) and are defined as follows: type i are the goblet cells; type ii is characterized by the content of small electron-dense granules type iii is particularly rich in golgi material, type iv contains a specifically large amount of er; type v shows an exceptionally large number of mitoc ...	1982	7075962
increased left atrial pressure does not alter renal function in the conscious primate.	to study the functional role of the atriorenal reflex in the nonhuman primate, we chronically instrumented six macaca fascicularis with left atrial snares and left atrial and aortic catheters. after inserting a bladder catheter, we determined hemodynamic and renal responses of the conscious chair-restrained monkey to increased left atrial pressure. in 23 snare experiments, no significant changes in renal or cardiovascular function were observed even though left atrial pressure increased from 6.5 ...	1982	7091384
choroidal blood flow ii. reflexive control in the monkey.	temperature measurements were taken from (1) the retina-choroid in the macula, (2) the scleral surface, or (3) the bulbar conjunctiva of the cynomolgus monkey, while the fellow eye was exposed to a moderate-intensity light source. light stimulation produced an increase in tissue temperature in the non-light-stimulated eye. the increase in tissue temperature presumably results from a reflexive increase in choroidal blood flow. hydrogen washout measurements of blood flow in the retina-choroid conf ...	1982	7103819
human placental lactogen-like substance in the serum of pregnant cynomolgus monkeys.		1982	7162002
phosphoproteins in the parotid saliva from the subhuman primate macaca fascicularis. isolation and characterization of a proline-rich phosphoglycoprotein and the complete covalent structure of a proline-rich phosphopeptide.	parotid saliva from the cynomolgus monkey (macaca fascicularis) and from pooled human collections displayed the same groups of proteins when fractionated by anion exchange and gel filtration chromatography. we have isolated and characterized a proline-rich phosphoglycoprotein (mprp) and a proline-rich phosphopeptide (m-statherin) from macaque parotid saliva. mprp has an apparent molecular weight of 16,900 and displays an unusual chemical composition. it is enriched in proline, glycine, and acidi ...	1982	7107568
studies of arterial wall glycosaminoglycans and collagen during experimental regression of atherosclerotic lesions in cynomolgus monkeys.	the effect of various antiatherogenic regimens on glycosaminoglycan and collagen concentrations in aortas from cynomolgus monkeys with diet-induced atherosclerosis was studied. the drugs and materials that were studied included d-thyroxine, [4-chloro-6-(2,3-xylidino)-2-pyrimidinyl]thioacetic acid, cholestyramine, alfalfa, and glucophage. the treatments resulted in varied degrees of regression of lesions. the mean hydroxyproline concentration in aortas among groups of animals treated with differe ...	1982	7109540
[water intake and urinary output in rhesus (macaca mulatta) and cynomolgus monkeys (macaca fascicularis)].	water intake (drinking water and water from food) and urinary output in rhesus (macaca mulatta) and cynomolgus monkey (m. fascicularis) watered ad libitum in individual cage were examined with 52 animals. the animal room was maintained at 25 +/- 2 degrees c and 55 +/- 10% with relative humidity, being lit at 12 hours interval. water intake was found in wide variation between individuals, and about 20% of the monkeys were recognized as polydipsia without another abnormal behavior. no significant ...	1982	7169085
constitution of the thigh muscles in the crab-eating monkey (macaca fascicularis).		1982	7170100
haemophilus influenzae septic pyarthrosis in a cynomolgus monkey.		1982	7174494
perineal cystocele in a cynomolgus monkey.		1982	7174495
structure and composition of the oral mucous membrane on the lips and cheeks of the monkey, macaca fascicularis.	in seven monkeys (6 macaca fascicularis, 1 m. mulatta; 2.4 +/- 0.6 kg in weight) the labial and buccal mucosae were studied morphologically and quantitatively. following fixation by perfusion, the upper and lower lips and entire cheeks were dissected free and processed for light-, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. established programs (histomep, mumana ii) and appropriate morphometric techniques were used to estimate, at the light-microscopic level, the epithelial thickness, the wid ...	1982	7094014
bone marrow depletion as a coincidental finding to hypothermia in macaca mulatta.	three of 16 juvenile rhesus monkeys (macaca mulatta) and 1 rhesus of 79 adult rhesus and cynomolgus monkeys (macaca fascicularis) were found comatose in a state of profound hypothermia after a heating failure occurred in the room in which they were housed. one juvenile monkey died shortly thereafter. the three other monkeys were revived with gradual warming and supportive therapy but later experienced separate acute clinical crises manifesting shock and died at 19, 31, and 51 days after the init ...	1982	7183763
an automated technique for the radiographic determination of bone age.	we have developed an automated procedure for determining bone-age in the monkey, macaca fascicularis. the status of epiphysial junctions and sesamoids were determined from radiographs. epiphyses were scored as either open or closed, and sesamoids were scored as either present or absent. bone-age was calculated by a computer program that stored and used a data base of probabilities for epiphysial closure and sesamoid appearance. the simplicity of scoring, combined with the speed and accuracy of t ...	1982	7183764
biologic activity of cell-associated staphylococcal enterotoxin a.	cell associated staphylococcal enterotoxin a, released by lysostaphin treatment of staphylococcus aureus cells, was found to be biologically active in cynomolgus monkeys. the activity was comparable to that of extracellular enterotoxin a; six of six monkeys vomited within 5 h in response to extracellular enterotoxin and four of six also vomited in response to the same serologic level (4.8 micrograms per monkey) of cell-associated enterotoxin. feeding s. aureus cells containing cell-associated en ...	1982	7183765
a flexible restraint chair for the cynomolgus monkey (macaca fascicularis).	we have found that commercial restraint chairs suitable for the rhesus monkey (macaca mulatta) cause severe physical distress to many cynomolgus monkeys (macaca fascicularis). a new restraint chair has therefore been designed specifically for the cynomolgus. the key features of the chair are an angled neck piece, a large opening to provide free movement for the tail, a soft waist restraint, and a level surface for both the heels and ischial pads. this new chair is not only suitable for the cynom ...	1982	7183766
radiation-induced chromosome aberrations in lymphocytes from man and crab-eating monkey. the dose-response relationships at low doses.	to obtain information on the relation between yield of chromosome aberrations and dose at low-dose levels, experiments were conducted with 5, 10, 20, 30 and 50 rad of 137cs gamma-rays, on lymphocytes from man and crab-eating monkey (macaca fascicularis). the dose-response relationship for dicentrics was obtained from the combined data of these low-dose experiments with those of our previous ones at high doses (100-400 rad). when the difference between observed yields and those expected from the ...	1982	7099186
lipoprotein metabolism during acute inhibition of hepatic triglyceride lipase in the cynomolgus monkey.	the role of the enzyme hepatic triglyceride lipase was investigated in a primate model, the cynomolgus monkey. antisera produced against human postheparin hepatic lipase fully inhibited cynomolgus monkey posttheparin plasma hepatic triglyceride lipase activity. lipoprotein lipase activity was not inhibited by this antisera. hepatic triglyceride lipase activity in liver biopsies was decreased by 65-90% after intravenous infusion of this antisera into the cynomolgus monkey. after a 3-h infusion of ...	1982	7174789
aortic changes in cynomolgus monkeys fed high-fat diets (long-term study).	two diets containing either a lard-corn oil mixture (lco) or partially hydrogenated herring oil (phho) were fed to cynomolgus monkeys (macaca fascicularis) for up to 30 months. serum cholesterol values rose to 180 mg/dl in the lco-group and to 260 mg/dl in the phho-group. serum lipoprotein concentrations were normal in the lco-group, but phho-fed monkeys had lower hdl- and higher ldl- and vldl-proportions. only one animal on the lco-diet for 24 months developed a pre-atherosclerotic lesion in th ...	1982	7184492
experimental central serous chorioretinopathy. iii: ultrastructural findings.	experimental central serous chorioretinopathy was produced in a cynomolgus monkey. the sites of the outer blood retinal barrier coinciding with the spots of fluorescein leakage as confirmed by fluorescein angiography were examined by light and electron microscopy. degeneration of a few retinal pigment epithelial cells was found, suggesting that the leakage of fluorescein into the subretinal space resulted from the disruption of the outer blood retinal barrier due to degeneration of the retinal p ...	1982	7166899
diagnostic exercise. edesonfilaria malayensis infection in 2 cynomolgus monkeys.		1982	7162127
isolation and identification of spirorenone metabolites from the monkey (macaca fascicularis).	the plasma level of spirorenone was determined 3 h after 1, 8, 22 and 46 daily oral administrations of 20 mg/kg to two female and two male monkeys (macaca fascicularis). a fifth animal, female, was treated with eight daily doses of tritium-labelled drug and was completely bled from the carotid vein 4 h after the last administration in order to isolate and identify plasma metabolites. after repeated daily doses of spirorenone the mean plasma level of unchanged drug was 711 +/- 213 ng/ml. in the p ...	1982	7157447
pharmacokinetic studies on quinacrine following intrauterine administration to cynomolgus monkeys.	recent efforts have been made to develop a chemical oviductal occluding agent. intrauterine quinacrine has been used in certain areas of the world with moderate success in effected tubal closure. this report presents the pharmacokinetics of a quinacrine solution (30 mg) as administered to cynomolgus monkeys via the intrauterine route, compared with intravascular injection. the data show rapid transfer of the drug from the uterine to the vascular compartment and uptake by almost all tissues exami ...	1982	7141014
[cerebrosides and sulfocerebrosides in the brain of the macaque macaca fascicularis].	the content of cerebrosides and sulfocerebrosides has been determined in the whole brain, in the gray and white matter of the cerebral hemispheres of the macaque. fatty acid composition and long chain bases of these sphingolipids in the whole brain were also investigated. the species studied belongs to the order of higher primates, the family of lower old world monkeys. in the whole brain, rather high content of both sphingolipids was found, the cerebral white matter being the richer. cerebrosid ...	1982	7158154
a relative volumetric analysis of the lateral geniculate nucleus after enucleation.	the relative volumes occupied by nerve cell somata, axons, myelin, the remaining neuropil, glial cell nuclei, blood vessels and degenerating terminals have been determined in the foveal and parafoveal portions of laminae 5 and 6 of the monkey (macaca fascicularis) lateral geniculate nucleus, in control animals and at varying times after unilateral enucleation. the proportions occupied by these tissue components are very similar within the same lamina of all control animals, but differ significan ...	1982	7158801
the squirrel monkey: receptor-mediated end-organ resistance to progesterone?	fertile females of a new world primate species, the squirrel monkey (saimiri sciureus), have plasma progesterone concentrations that vary between 57 and 510 ng/ml during the reproductive cycle and are 10- to 20-fold higher than those seen in cynomolgus monkeys (macaca fascicularis) and other old world primates, including man. the plasma progesterone level during pregnancy is high and varies between 140 and 490 ng/ml. estradiol levels during the reproductive cycle and pregnancy are also higher th ...	1982	7200992
lack of enhanced nocturnal growth hormone release in tethered cynomolgus monkeys.	to determine spontaneous 24-h patterns of growth hormone (gh) plasma levels in unsedated and unrestrained nonhuman primates, a jacket and tethering system were used to study six cynomolgus monkeys. hourly blood samples were collected, and body temperatures were recorded over 24-h periods. measurements of gh were made on all samples. in one 24-h study cortisol levels were also measured as well to document a normal circadian rhythm. gh was released at mean intervals of 4.5 +/- 0.47 h (mean +/- se) ...	1982	7202336
electrical activity of the pregnant uterus in the cynomolgus monkey.	electromyographic activity in six pregnant cynomolgus monkeys was recorded in vivo by means of bipolar electrodes individually attached to the surface of the uterine corpus. these data were compared with recordings of intra-amniotic pressure obtained simultaneously by means of an open-ended, fluid-filled catheter placed in the amniotic cavity. during the last third of pregnancy, the electromyograms showed recurrent electrical complexes (trains of potentials, top) which lasted for about 2 minutes ...	1982	7199259
increased efficiency of group b coxsackievirus isolation from clinical specimens by use of bgm cells.	a continuous african green monkey kidney cell line, designated bgm, was compared with primary cynomolgus monkey kidney cells and human embryonic lung cells for efficiency of enterovirus isolation. a selective enhanced sensitivity of bgm cells both in terms of isolation rate and speed of isolation was found for group b coxsackieviruses but could not be demonstrated for a number of other nonpolio enteroviruses.	1982	16789270
detection of early atherosclerosis in m. fascicularis with transcutaneous ultrasonic measurement of the elastic properties of the common carotid artery.	the elastic properties of 22 common carotid arteries from 13 male cynomolgus monkeys (m. fascicularis) that were fed either a high cholesterol (test) diet or a standard monkey chow (control) diet for 18 months were measured noninvasively with 5 mhz ultrasound. a b-mode image of the artery was obtained with a 32-element linear array transducer, and a single line of video ultrasonic information was selected for tracking the echoes from the adventitial side of the near wall to the lumen-intima inte ...	1982	15226937