Publications

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longitudinal malaria studies in rural north-east thailand: demographic and temporal variables of infection.a prospective longitudinal study of malaria incidence was carried out in randomly selected samples of the population in the villages of bu phram and tablan, north-east thailand. during the 10-month study period 46% of the 252 persons followed up experienced a falciparum parasitaemia, and 23% a vivax parasitaemia. the peak of the cases occurred during a 10-week period from late may to the end of july, with transmission apparently continuing, at lower levels, throughout the remainder of the study ...19744617638
specificity of the indirect haemagglutination test with plasmodium falciparum test cells. comparison of indirect haemagglutination and fluorescent antibody tests on african sera.the specificity of the indirect haemagglutination (iha) test with plasmodium falciparum placental antigen-sensitized test cells was examined with sera from healthy blood donors and from patients with diseases other than malaria. only 1 nonspecific antibody reaction was seen in more than 700 tests. a comparison of iha titres and indirect fluorescent antibody (ifa) titres with igg and igm conjugates on 503 sera from inhabitants of mto wa mbu in tanzania showed in successive age groups an increasin ...19744617639
studies on the chemotherapy of malaria. (iii). treatment of falciparum malaria in the gambia, with brl 50216 (4,6-diamino-(3, 4-dichlorobenzyloxy)-1,2-dihydro-2 2-dimethyl-1,3,5-triazine hydrochloride) alone and in combination with sulphonamides,. 19744617937
[malaria prevention for swedish tourists in west-africa]. 19744618344
[vaccination centers give insufficient information]. 19744618345
[endemic malaria. diagnostic problems]. 19744618791
[study of the parasitic etiology of idiopathic african splenomegalies]. 19744618796
tropical pathology. 19744619032
[report on malaria in the southern sahara nomads]. 19744619050
prophylactic activity of mefloquine hydrochloride (wr 142490) in drug-resistant malaria.in preliminary studies with mefloquine (wr 142 490) a single dose exerted prolonged suppressive activity against a drug-resistant strain of plasmodium falciparum. development of patent parasitaemia was prevented when nonimmune persons were exposed to infected mosquitos 2 weeks after medication, and it was delayed when exposure occurred 3 weeks after drug administration.19744619059
complement activation in children with acute malaria. 19744619598
[falciparum malaria in childhood (author's transl)]. 19744619622
acute pulmonary insufficiency in falciparum malaria: summary of 12 cases with evidence of disseminated intravascular coagulation. 19744603133
preliminary study of wr 33063 in the treatment of falciparum malaria in northeast thailand. 19744603134
evaluation of clindamycin in combination with quinine against multidrug-resistant strains of plasmodium falciparum. 19744603135
[plasmodium falciparum malaria after extracorporeal circulation]. 19744603742
malaria in the united kingdom.over the past decade the united kingdom had the second highest number of cases of imported malaria among european countries. there has been a substantial rise in recorded cases of malaria during the past three years though some of it may be due to improved notification. fatal cases of malaria in visitors to africa have averaged 6.5% of reported infections due to plasmodium falciparum. attacks of vivax malaria may occur several months after travellers return from a malarious country.19744604717
the use of antimalarial drugs. 19744605355
[malaria]. 19744605779
[tropical malaria with cerebral involvement]. 19744606045
editorial: drugs for prevention of malaria. 19744606469
letter: research with plasmodium falciparum in volunteers. 19744606749
malaria transmission and fetal growth.in view of the known relation between infection of the maternal circulation of the placenta with plasmodium falciparum and impaired fetal growth a study was made of the effect on birth weights of a malaria eradication campaign in the british solomon islands. mean birth weights rose substantially within months of starting antimalarial operations. the increases between 1969 and 1971 averaged 252 g in babies of primigravidae and 165 g in all babies. the proportion of babies with birth weights of le ...19744606777
suspected chloroquine-resistant p. falciparum in indonesia: a case report. 19744607141
the philippine monkey (macaca philippinensis) as experimental model in the study of plasmodium falciparum. 19744607281
some pharmacological aspects of antimalarial drugs. 19744607434
fundamental facts concerning malaria in the north-eastern transvaal. 19744607552
neonatal malaria due to plasmodium vivax. 19744607621
acute renal failure following malaria: treatment by peritoneal dialysis. 19744607878
letter: falciparum malaria antigen slides for indirect immuno-fluorescence test made from in vitro cultures. 19744608046
letter: sporozoite induced immunity in man against an ethiopian strain of plasmodium falciparum. 19744608063
changing patterns of malaria in the united states. 19744608177
malaria control in the northern transvaal. 19744609013
chloroquine tolerance of ethiopian strains of p. falciparum. 19744609061
imported infections. unexplained fever. 19744609557
cerebral malaria. on the nature and significance of vascular changes. 19744609762
crises in malaria. 19744610527
serum folate and folic acid absorption in patients with plasmodium falciparum malaria. 19744610778
intestinal parasites and malaria in the poso valley, central sulawesi, indonesia. 19744610779
quinine fever in falciparum malaria. 19744610781
preliminary report of in vitro and in vivo studies on falciparum malaria in thailand. 19744610783
multidrug-resistant strain of plasmodium falciparum from eastern colombia. 19744593870
cross immunofluorescent reactions between human and rodent malaria. 19744594072
comparative efficiency of anopheles stephensi and anopheles gambiae as vectors of drug-resistant plasmodium falciparum from thailand. 19744594077
proceedings: serological surveys in the tropics: reliability of the method of collecting blood on absorbent paper. 19744594467
a survey of imported malaria in western australia including four cases of drug resistance. 19744598677
malaria in birmingham 1968-73.during the years 1968 to 1973 70 patients suffering from malaria were admitted to one hospital in england. twenty had malignant tertian malaria while the remainder had infections caused by plasmodium vivax, p. ovale and p. malariae. malaria should be suspected in every febrile patient who has visited a tropical country, and the diagnosis can be confirmed only by examining blood films. disseminated intravascular coagulation may complicate the disease, and should be considered in every case.britis ...19744598859
blood coagulation and platelet agglutinin studies in acute falciparum malaria. 19744599021
a comparison between the quinine and chloroquine regimens for falciparum malaria in vietnam. 19744599322
malaria fatalities in the united states. 19744596039
preliminary survey for chloroquine resistant malaria in parts of north sumatra, indonesia. 19744617314
intestinal parasites and malaria in the bada and gimpu areas of central sulawesi, indonesia. 19744617312
recrudescence, poor response or resistance to quinine of falciparum malaria in thailand. 19744617311
gastrointestinal function, quinine absorption and parasite response in falciparum malaria. 19744617310
a malaria model tested in the african savannah.a new mathematical model of malaria has been developed for comparing the effects of alternative control measures. it describes both the temporal changes of the p. falciparum infection rate and the immunity level of the population as a function of the dynamics and characteristics of the vector populations, which are summarized in the concept of vectorial capacity. a critical vectorial capacity is specified, below which malaria cannot maintain itself at an endemic level. the model has been tested ...19744613512
imported malaria.there have been 4 waves of imported malaria in the usa. they occurred during the colonization of the country and during the second world war, the un police action in korea, and the viet-nam conflict. the first 3 episodes are briefly described and the data on imported malaria from viet-nam are discussed in detail.endemic malaria is resurgent in many tropical countries and international travel is also on the rise. this increases the likelihood of malaria being imported from an endemic area and int ...19744613510
letter: adjuvant treatment of severe falciparum malaria, intravascular coagulation, and heparin. 197546084
letter: disseminated intravascular coagulation and severe falciparum malaria. 197546976
refeeding-malaria and hyperferraemia.during the central african (sahelian) drought, attacks of falciparum malaria were common in patients and their relatives shortly after their arrival in a hospital in eastern niger. a prospective study of 72 adult patients not admitted for malaria and 109 accompanying relatives was undertaken to investigate this observation. 23 attacks occurred in patients and 51 in relatives, with a peak frequency five days after arrival. on arrival, parasitaemia was low but reached a maximum by five days. s ...197547080
complement changes and disseminated intravascular coagulation in plasmodium falciparum malaria.complement activation as shown by increased clearance of radioactive c1q and reduction in serum-c3 level was found in fifteen (83%) of eighteen patients studied during plasmodium falciparum infection. six patients had haemostatic defects suggesting disseminated intravascular coagulation (d.i.c.), and five others had other clinical complications. a correlation was found between reduction of c3 and clinical complications as well as with the degree of anaemia and with thrombocytopenia. moreover, th ...197548001
relation between malaria serum gamma-globulin concentration and the d-xylose absorption test.d-xylose excretion after a 25 g. oral load was determined in 15 african subjects suffering from malaria. nine of them were re-investigated after the malaria had been or was being treated. malarial parasitaemia and pyrexia did not significantly influence results of the d-xylose test. however, in the untreated subjects, there was a significant inverse correlation between the weight of d-xylose excreted and the serum gamma-globulin concentrations. the observation may have a nutritional importance.197549959
the indirect hemagglutination test for malaria. evaluation of antigens prepared from plasmodium falciparum and plasmodium vivax.soluble antigens were prepared from plasmodium falciparum and p. vivax and were evaluated in the indirect hemagglutination test. these antigens, attached to aldehyde-fixed type "o" erythrocytes, detected antibodies in more than 91% of infections with the homologous plasmodium species. detection rates in infections caused by the heterologous species ranged from 72% to 76%. positive reactions occurred in less than 2% of sera from persons without malaria infection.197550747
occurrence of s-antigens in serum in plasmodium falciparum infections in man.gambians with severe plasmodium falciparum infections frequently have malarial s-antigens in their serum or plasma. detection of these with the available antisera which are from immune adults is complicated because there are many different s-antigens and none of the antisera contains antibodies to them all. despite this we found s-antigens in about 60% of a large series of malarious children and demonstrated that this was a considerable underestimate of the true incidence. we also showed that th ...197559433
[chemotherapy in areas of persistent malaria transmission and resistence of plasmodium falciparum to chloroquine in panama]. 1975125597
parasitology survey and seroepidemiology of amoebiasis in south kalimantan (borneo), indonesia.a parasitology surevy was conducted among inhabitants of 7 villages in 3 regencies in south kalimantan province, indonesia. a total of 2,169 stool specimens, 2,756 blood smears and 1,027 serum specimens were obtained, representing samples from approximately 10%, 12% and 5% of the population, respectively. one to 8 different intestinal parasitic infections were detected in 97% of the people. those parasites most frequently found were trichuris trichiura (83%), ascaris lumbricoides (79%), and hook ...1975167454
patterns of plasmodium vivax recurrence in a high-incidence coastal area of el salvador, c. a.during field studies carried out in 1971, 1972 and 1973 in a highly malarious coastal area of el salvador, it was possible to collect information on the patterns of plasmodium vivax parasite occurrence in a large number of infected individuals. in most of the persons who had experienced a malaria attack during the high transmission period in june, july, august and september, renewed activity occurred 5 to 8 months later, during the low transmission season the next year. subsequent activity in th ...1975239603
chloroquine-resistant malaria in burma.two field trials to detect chloroquine-resistant malaria were conducted according to who recommendations in a malaria free area near rangoon. peripheral blood smears were examined for asexual forms of p. falciparum on day one through to day seven, on day 14, 21, and 28 after a standard dose of 1500 mg. of chloroquine base. haskins test to detect chloroquine in urine was done on all cases and plasma chloroquine levels were measured in some. out of 105 patients tested ri resistance was detected in ...1975128638
[introduction of malaria into the rsfsr]. 1975126355
[gel diffusion tests in malaria. validity according to different techniques of extracting soluble antigens. sensitivity compared with indirect immunofluorescence].the value of the gel diffusion test in human malaria varied considerably, depending on the different methods tested to obtain soluble antigens. with one of these antigens, a saponin lysate of plasmodium falciparum infected erythrocytes, the test proved as sensitive and specific as the ifa test with the homologous antigen.1975129243
parasitic infections and the genitourinary tract. 1975124862
receptivity to malaria in europe.experimental work has confirmed the refractoriness of anopheles atroparvus to tropical strains of plasmodium falciparum to which a. labranchiae may also be refractory. this indicates a lower receptivity to malaria in europe than the existing vector densities and increasing number of parasite carriers would suggest.1975764992
thick-smear plasmodium falciparum antigen from in vitro cultures for the indirect fluorescent antibody test.an important prerequisite for serological studies is the availability of specific antigens with which a high, consistently reproducible degree of test sensitivity can be obtained. in the present study, thick films of p. falciparum antigen were made from in vitro cultures in order to evaluate this antigen in terms of the sensitivity and reproducibility of the indirect fluorescent antibody test, as compared with an antigen prepared from washed infected erythrocytes of aotus trivirgatus monkeys. th ...1975764994
observations on the recent incidence of malaria. 1975765403
[perinatal transmission of plasmodium falciparum malaria].two weeks after leaving nigeria for temperate zones and a few hours after giving birth to twins, a nigerian mother suffered an acute attack of malaria due to plasmodium falciparum accompanied by cerebral, renal and hematolgical complications. both infants were apparently healthy at birth, and no parasites were found on peripheral blood smears. both placentas were macroscopically normal. at two months of age the second infant, a boy, developed non-febrile hemolytic anemia due to plasmodium falci ...1975766166
the distribution of enzyme variation in populations of plasmodium falciparum in africa.isolates of plasmodium falciparum collected from the east and west coasts of tropical africa and also from several inland regions have been examined for electrophoretic forms of the enzymes gpi, ldh and 6pgd. variation within and between isolates was found in the parasite forms of all three enzymes. while not disproving the existence of genetic divisions between p. falciparum populations in africa the distribution of this variation provides no evidence for such a hypothesis.1975766317
proceedings: invasion of human red cells by plasmodium falciparum in vitro. 1975766322
coagulation studies in falciparum and vivax malaria.coagulation factors and serum fibrin degradation products (fdp) were studied in 31 cases of acute falciparum malaria with severe complications, 13 cases without severe complications, and 6 cases of vivax malaria. seven of 13 cases of acute falciparum infection with severe complications died and the coagulation studies were markedly changed and there were high levels of serum fdp. the degree of changes in coagulation and serum fdp varied with the severity of the symptoms and signs and there were ...1975769173
sero-epidemiological surveillance of disappearing malaria in greece. 1975772232
jaundice and hepatomegaly in malaria. 1975770013
response of p. falciparum infection to chloroquine therapy in some parts of tamil nadu and karnataka states. 1975770318
treatment of p. falciparum with chloroquine and primaquine in dharmapuri district, tamil nadu. 1975770319
[malarial encephalopathy and disseminated intravascular coagulation (author's transl)].clinical and anatomical studies of a case of malarial encephalopathy are described in a 51 year old man. in view of the typical symptomatology it was important to ascertain an period even brief of stay in an endemic area. only when this was confirmed the appropriate investigations could be planned (in thic case thick blood drop test) to identify the parassite. the physiopathological mechanisms through which the malarial infection causes the parenchymal lesions are considered. such lesions accord ...1975778999
persistence and recurrence of s-antigen in plasmodium falciparum infections in man.the persistence of heat stable malarial antigens (s-antigens) in the sera of gambian children following treatment for severe plasmodium falciparum infections was investigated. in most cases s-antigens ceased to be demonstrable within 7 days but in some they were detected for several weeks and their persistence correlated with both the density of parasitaemia and the antigen titre observed before treatment. an exponential loss of circulating antigen was, in the majority of individuals, accelerate ...1975779155
letter: response of ethiopian strains of plasmodium falciparum to amodiaquine. 1975779158
[50 cases of acute malaria: symptomatic study, especially cardiac].the authors have studied 50 records of patients who had presented an acute attack of p. falciparum malaria. both sexes were equally implied. young people were predominant. the distribution of cases was about the same in the whole year. the fever decreases on the second day and increases on the third day (300/0). among the classical signs: relative rarity of hepatomegalia (100/0), splenomegalia (10 0/0), jaundice (140/0), nervous symptoms (100/0). vomiting is rather frequent (30 0/0). from the ca ...1975779991
[evaluation of plasmodium falciparum antigen of human origin using indirect immunofluorescence reaction in malaria].the authors point out the use of p. falciparum antigens from man in the malaria ifa test. in malaria areas it is very easy to find them and although they are "coated" by antibodies they are quite valuable in significant titers. the use of p. falciparum from man is therefore very interesting for malaria diagnosis in non endemic areas and very useful for malaria surveys in endemic areas.1975779993
studies on the infectivity of tropical african strains of plasmodium falciparum to some southern european vectors of malaria.preliminary experiments in garki, nigeria, with a. atroparvus from italy have shown a refractoriness to infection with the local strain of p. falciparum. comparative studies involving a. labranchiae and two strains of a. atroparvus, all from italy, and one local strain of a. gambiae species b, were carried out at kismu, kenya. while oocysts developed in 77% of a. gambiae and, from day 14 onwards, 100% of the oocyst positive mosquitos had sporozoites in the salivary glands, oocysts were seen in o ...1975787897
editorial: malaria vaccines on the horizon. 1975803390
fatal infections in protein-calorie malnourished children with thymolymphatic atrophy.the clinicopathological features of 25 children who died with protein-calorie malnutrition were studied. all but four subjects were found at necropsy to have nutritional thymectomy and all but 3 died of infectious diseases. the infectious agents were chiefly intracellular micro-organisms including miliary tuberculosis, herpes simplex, varicella, measles, pneumocystis carinii, and plasmodium falciparum. staphylococcal infections, salmonellosis, shigellosis, strongyloidiasis, and hookworm were oth ...1975805568
antiplasmodial efficacy of 2,4--diaminopyrimidine0sylfonamide combinations, especially against chloroquine-resistant malaria.this presentation deals with the historical development of the antifolate pyrimidines and related compounds, first as antimalarial substances and later as potent antibacterial agents. it describes the first quantitation of the combined action, through sequential blockade, of the substances with sulfonamides, and outlines the usefulness of the combinations in the therapy of normally sensitive and multiresistant strains of plasmodium falciparum.1975805650
the release of antigens by plasmodium falciparum.antigens were released in vitro human red cells infected with plasmodium falciparum only when parasites reached a late stage of schizogony (probably at rupture of infected red cells during reinvasion). immune complexes formed if antibody was present. serum from immune aotus monkeys opsonized parasite debris from artificially disrupted infected aotus red cells.1975810759
invasion of erythrocytes by plasmodium falciparum in vitro.the erythrocytic stages of plasmodium falciparum from aotus trivirgatus were grown in mill hill medium. significant invasion of erythrocytes was obtained by a subculture technique. this invasion, by parasites grown in aotus erythrocytes, was greater when human erythrocytes were added to the cultures than when parasites were allowed to invade aotus erythrocytes. this difference appeared to be a function of the properties of the erythrocyte and was not serum dependent.1975812039
development of falciparum malaria in a panamanian subspecies of howler monkey. 1975812370
the seroepidemiology of malaria in middle america. ii. studies on the pacific coast of costa rica.serologic studies for malaria using the indirect fluorescent antibody technique suggest that active transmission is either absent or very low in 6 villages on the pacific side of costa rica. positive titers (1:20 or higher) were seen in the under-15-year age group in three of the study localities, but only 5 such responses were encountered among 249 people examined in this age range. in the adults (15 years and over) from the same 3 villages there were 68 positive titers among 161 examined. ther ...19751190364
analysis of the principal problems impeding normal development of malaria eradication programs.the problems currently impeding the advance of anti-malaria programs in the americas fall into several different categories. these include vector resistance to insecticides, parasite resistance to chloroquine, human behavior patterns which promote human/vector contact or reduce the impact of control efforts, and developments affecting operation, administration, and financing of the control program itself. vector resistance, of course, may be either physiological, behavioral, or both. with regard ...19751240013
malarial infections in aotus trivirgatus with special reference to renal pathology. ii. p. falciparum and mixed malaria infections.this paper describe the renal pathology in aotus trivirgatus (owl monkeys) following p. falciparum infections and also when the initial p. falciparum was followed by infection with p. malariae or p. brrasilianum. acute p. falciparum infections were associted with high parasitaemia but relatively mild changes in the glomeruli. this was also the case when a second infection with p. falciparum was given after the first infection had been terminated with chloroquine. four monkeys with multiple infec ...1975813757
the search for new antimalarial drugs. 1975813015
malaria in studies in vitro. iii: the protein synthesising activity of plasmodium falciparum in vitro after drug treatment in vivo.aotus trivirgatus monkeys with established infections of plasmodium falciparum were treated orally with either chloroquine or the novel compound 1-amidino-3-(3-chloro-4-cyanophenyl) urea. blood samples were cultured in vitro, 18 hours after treatment, when no morphological abnormalities were apparent. the incorporation of radioactive leucine from the medium by the blood of treated monkeys was compared with that of the undosed control. parasite maturation was also examined. both chloroquine and t ...1975808180
immunization of man against falciparum and vivax malaria by use of attenuated sporozoites.with strict adherence to ethical guidelines, a volunteer was immunized against sporozoites of plasmodium falciparum and p. vivax, the antigen consisting of attenuated sporozoites of each species inoculated through bites of mosquitoes x-irradiated at a minimum dosage of 15,000 rads. on one occasion this dosage did not render all p. vivax sporozoites noninfective. species specificity of antigen and antibody was demonstrated, but within each species a wide geographical diversity of strains proved i ...1975808142
a prospective study of the effects of ultralow volume (ulv) aerial application of malathion on epidemic plasmodium falciparum malaria. iv. epidemiologic aspects.in the miragoane valley of haiti a consistent pattern in the incidence of plasmodium falciparum malaria over a 10-year period made it possible to predict an annual outbreak and perform a prospective study to test the effects of aerial ultralow volume (ulv) malathion on epidemic levels of this disease. at the end of october 1972, after epidemic levels (100 cases/month/10,000 population) had been reached, spray operations were begun. the first spray cycle produced a sharp and immediate drop in pop ...19751091170
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