Publications

the effect of bile acids and their salts on the lipolytic activity of microorganisms.		1975	2339
over-production of porphyrins and heme in heterotrophic bacteria.	in escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and achromobacter metalcaligenes gamma-aminolevulinic acid synthase and gamma-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase appear to be the rate limiting enzymes of porphyrin and heme biosynthesis. bypassing of these enzymes by addition of gamma-aminolevulinic acid or porphobilinogen results in overproduction of tetrapyrroles.	1975	126586
identification of nonfermentative gram-negative bacteria in the clinical laboratory.	a simplified, concise scheme was developed for the identification of nonfermentative, gram-negative bacteria which have most frequently been reported in the literature as definite or possible agents of human disease. these organisms included apyocyanogenic pseudomonas aeruginosa, p. fluorescens, p. putida, p. stutzeri, p. maltophilia, p. putrefaciens, p. cepacia, p. alcaligenes, flavobacterium species, bordetella bronchiseptica, acinetobacter anitratum (herellea vaginicola), a. iwoffi (mima poly ...	1975	163060
microbial assimilation of hydrocarbons. i. the fine-structure of a hydrocarbon oxidizing acinetobacter sp.	1. the fine-structure analysis of the hydrocarbon oxidizing microorganism, acinetobacter sp., demonstrated a cytoplasmic modification resulting from growth on paraffinic and olefinic hydrocarbons. 2. intracytoplasmic hydrocarbon inclusions were documented by electron microscopy with chemical identifications obtained by gas chromatography and x-ray diffraction. 3. these results demonstrate the ability of a microorganism to accumulate hydrocarbon substrates intracellularly which, in turn, indicate ...	1975	163624
collagenase production by achromobacter iophagus.	achromobacter iophagus produced collagenase (ec 3.4.24.3) when cultured aerobically in buffer containing 5% peptone. the bacterium is non-pathogenic and tests on rabbits indicated that the culture medium was atoxic. the collagenase, which hydrolyzed insoluble and soluble native collagen, was purified by (nh4)2 so4 precipitation, starch block electrophoresis, and gel filtration. it was shown to be serologically distinct from clostridium histolyticum collagenase and to have molecular weight and se ...	1975	165833
the participation of cytochromes in the reduction of n20 to n2 by a denitryfying bacterium.	the oxidation of cytochromes during the reduction of n2o to n2 by a denitrifying bacterium was studied spectrophotometrically. the reduced b- and c-type cytochromes are partially oxidized when n2o is added to intact cells reduced with lactate under anaerobic conditions. the oxidation of cytochromes is inhibited non-competitively by azide, cyanide, 2,4-dinitrophenol and cuso4, which inhibit the reduction of n2o to n2. in the presence of each inhibitor at a high concentration, at which the reducti ...	1975	168184
the mode of regulation of bacterial citrate synthase as a taxonomic tool.		1975	168310
specificity of collagenase from achromobacter iophagus.		1975	169160
amino acid sequence of cytochrome c' from the purple photosynthetic bacterium rhodospirillum rubrum s1.	the amino acid sequence of cytochrome c' from the purple photosynthetic bacterium rhodospirillum rubrum s1 has been determined and is consistent with homology to cytochrome c' from the nonphotosynthetic bacterium alcaligenes sp. ncib 11015. there is 29% identity in the chosen alignment of these two proteins. r. rubrum cytochrome c' is composed of a single peptide chain of 126 amino acid residues with a single heme covalently bound near the cooh terminus. there is no sequence similarity to mitoc ...	1975	172499
inhibition of collagenase from achromobacter iophagus by synthetic peptides.		1975	173543
[denitrifying bacteria of genus alcaligenes isolated from soil].	the organism isolated is a small non-sporulating gram-negative rod, motile by means of peritrichous flagellae. it is an oxidase-positive chemo-organotroph utilizing o2,no-3,no-2 and n2o as resiratory substrates. primary alcohols as well as numerous organic and amino acids are utilized as carbon and energy sources. carbohydrates are not assimilated. poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate is accumulated intracellularly. the bacterium is assigned to the genus alcaligenes and its phenotype characteristics are co ...	1975	179721
achromobacter cycloclastes nitrite reductase. the function of copper, amino acid composition, and esr spectra.	1. dialysis against cyanide at ph 7 of achromobacter cycloclastes nitrite reductase [ec 1.7.99.3] of a dissimilatory type led to the removal of about 50% of the copper from the enzyme molecule, with a concomitant decrease of the enzymatic activities. it was inferred that enzyme-bound copper atoms play an essential role in the catalytic activities of the enzyme. 2. the amino acid composition of the enzyme was determined after acid hydrolysis. 3. esr spectra of the frozen solution and lyophilized ...	1975	179983
adsorption of vibrio parahaemolyticus onto chitin and copepods.	vibrio parahaemolyticus was observed to adsorb onto chitin particles and copepods. the efficiency of adsorption was found to be dependent on ph and on the concentration of nac1 and other ions found in seawater. highest efficiency was observed in water samples collected from chesapeake bay and lowest in water from the open sea. v. parahaemolyticus was found to adborb onto chitin with the highest efficiency of the several bacterial strains tested. escherichia coli and pseudomonas fluorescens d ...	1975	234715
lipase and esterase formation by psychrophilic and mesophilic acinetobacter species.	acinetobacter o16, a psychrophilic species, produced extracellular lipase (measured by hydrolysis of olive oil, tributyrin, or beta-naphthyl laurate) when grown on a complex medium (peptone plus yeast extract). most lipase was produced during the logarithmic phase of growth. very little cell-bound lipase was formed. these cells also produced an esterase (measured by the hydrolysis of beta-naphthyl acetate). at first, all esterase was cell bound; significant amounts appeared in the external mediu ...	1975	235353
partial purification and characterization of the lipase of a facultatively psychrophilic bacterium (acinetobacter o16).	the extracellular lipase(s) of the psychrophile acinetobacter o16 was studied. when the enzyme was precipitated by (nh4)2so4 and passed through a sephadex g200 column, two peaks of lipase activity appeared. the larger peak, which behaved like a substance of high molecular weight, being eluted in the void volume, was purified 250-fold over the crude enzyme (culture supernatant) by passage through a deae-sephadex column. when the enzyme was applied to a deae-cellulose column it could not be eluted ...	1975	235354
inhibition of nadp-linked malic enzyme by atp in acinetobacter.		1975	235454
the nature of the attachment of a regularly arranged surface protein to the outer membrane of an acinetobacter sp.	acinetobacter 199a carries on the outer surface of its outer membrane a layer of regularly arranged protein subunits. the isolated surface protein assembles into the same regular array even in the absence of the underlying outer membrane. cl- minus is required for this self-assembly. evidence is presented that the interaction of the surface protein with the outer membrane involves the linking of a carboxyl group in the surface protein to a negatively charged group in the outer membrane protein, ...	1975	237548
the influence of changes in the environment on twitching motility.	by examining medium composition and cultural conditions quantitatively it was possible to define conditions suitable to bring twitching motility about. such conditions include the use of freshly poured, relatively thick and only slightly dried plates of a dilute medium in which the agar concentration is not too high. incubation should take place in a humid atmosphere. in fact, everything points to the humidity as a factor of the utmost importance. using strains of acinetobacter calcoaceticus, it ...	1975	239520
influence of colloidal iron on the respiration of a species of the genus acinetobacter.	washed suspensions of acinetobacter sp. isolated from water caused the precipitation of iron from a suspension of colloidal ferric iron at ph 6.0 and 7.6. iron-encrusted cells of the bacterium formed large aggregates. the amount of iron removed from the colloidal preparation in the form of aggregates was from 21 to 52% at ph 7.6 and 49% an ph 6.0 by the bacterial cells. endogenous respiration rates of the iron-encrusted cells were from 32 to 72% lower than the rates for unencrusted cells. respir ...	1975	239632
aromatic amino acid biosynthesis in alcaligenes eutrophus h16. i. properties and regulation of 3-deoxy-d-arabino heptulosonate 7-phosphate synthase.	properties and regulation of 3-deoxy-d-arabino-heptulosonate 7-phosphate synthase (dahp-synthase), ec4.1.2.15, from alcaligenes eutrophus h16 were investigated. dahp synthase was unstable during manipulations such as dialysis, dilution, ammonium sulfate fractionation, chromatography on deae-cellulose or sephadex g-200. for kinetic measurements sephadex g-25 treated crude extracts were used. the enzyme was not affected by thiol reagents, edta or divalent metal ions. the activation energy, deltah, ...	1975	239657
kinetics and properties of beta-ketothiolase from clostridium pasteurianum.	1. beta-ketothiolase of clostridium pasteurianum was purified 130-fold by ammonium sulphate fractionation and by column chromatography using deae-sephadex a-50 and hydroxylapatite. subjected to gel electrophoresis beta-ketothiolase revealed two distinct bands; by isoelectric focusing two enzymes with isoelectric points at ph 4.5 and 7.6 were separated. as established by sucrose density gradient centrifugation the molecular weight of both enzymes was found to be 158000. 2. the condensation reacti ...	1975	240336
bacterial respiration-linked proton translocation and its relationship to respiratory-chain composition.	1. the relationship between chain composition and the efficiency of respiration-linked proton translocation was studied in nine bacterial species of widely differing taxonomic and ecological status. 2. all the bacteria investigated contained respiratory chain dehydrogenases, ubiquinone and/or menaquinone, cytochrome b and cytochrome oxidase aa3 and/or o. in addition, some of these organisms also contained pyridine nucleotide transhydrogenase and/or cytochrome c. 3. leads to h+/o ratios of whole ...	1975	240679
crystalline l-histidine ammonia-lyase of achromobacter liquidum. crystallization and enzymic properties.	crystalline l-histidine ammonia-lyase of achromobacter liquidum was prepared with a 24% recovery of the activity. the specific activity of the pure enzyme (63 mumol of urocanic acid min-1 mg-1) is similar to those so far reported for the enzyme from other sources. the purified enzyme appeared to be homogeneous by analytical disc electrophoresis and isoelectric focusing (pi = 4.95). the molecular weight determined by sephadex g-200 gel filtration is 200000. the optimum ph is 8.2, and the optimum ...	1975	240693
extracellular deoxyribonuclease activity of pseudomonas aeruginosa.	pseudomonas aeruginosa cultured on deoxyribonucleic acid (dna) media containing nissan's heart extract or chicken heart extract could produce extracellular deoxyribonuclease, while on other dna media with heart extracts from cow, pig and mouse could not. variation in the kind of peptones in the dna media did not make significant difference in this activity, although some peptones caused cloudiness of the media. p. aeruginosa did not need cation activators of chloride compounds to produce extrace ...	1975	816619
[antibody response to bacterial antigens administered orally].		1975	766784
effect of polychlorinated biphenyl formulations on the growth of estuarine bacteria.	polychlorinated biphenyl formulations inhibited the growth of certain estuarine bacteria. the sensitive strains, although exhibiting some similar physiological characteristics, contained both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.	1975	803286
microbial fermentation of rice straw: nutritive composition and in vitro digestibility of the fermentation products.	rice straw was fermented with cellulomonas sp. and alcaligenes faecalis. microbial cells and undigested residue, as well as chemically treated (naoh or nh4oh) and untreated straws, were analyzed for nutrient composition and in vitro digestibility. in a typical fermentation, 75% of the rice straw substrate was digested, and 18.6% of the total substrate weight that disappeared was recovered as microbial protein. the microbial cell fraction was 37% protein and 5% crude fiber; the residue was 12% pr ...	1975	804853
[hospital infections from the neurosurgical point of view (author's transl)].	a report is made on infections of the trachea and of the bladder which occurred in patients of a neurosurgical intensive care unit. the development of resistance and counter-measures are discussed in detail.	1975	807839
editorial: microbial contamination of water used for hemodialysis.		1975	807861
[a hospital epidemic due to achromobacter calcoaceticus].	35 patients were secondarily infected in our hospital with a strain of a. calcoaceticus resistant to the usual antibiotics and sulfonamides, but sensitive to colimycin. the epidemic lasted 118 days and is not yet finished. each of the infected patients had a severe surgical or medical illness, underwent operations, trachetomy, etc. and was treated with antibiotics. a. calcoaceticus persisted alone or was associated with other bacteria from 1 to 46 days, in specimens (sputum, etc. or in blood) so ...	1975	807899
microflora of maize prepared as tortillas.	very little is known of the microflora in tortillas, the major component in the diet of many guatemalans and other central americans. based in a guatemalan highland indian village, this study examined the types and amounts of bacteria, yeasts, and molds in tortillas and in their maize precursors. coliforms, bacillus cereus, two species of staphylococcus, and many types of yeast were the main contaminants, but low concentrations of alpha-hemolytic streptococcus, facultative clostridium, and other ...	1975	808168
[microflora of active ooze participating in the decomposition of sulfanilic acid].	microflora of domestic water can be a source of active ooze adapted to sulphanilic acid. adaptation of the microflora to sulphanilic acid at a concentration of 170-200 mg/l takes 6 to 8 days. the microflora of active ooze, immediately after adaptation, consists mainly of pseudomonas species, ps. denitrificans, ps. fluorescens, ps. striata, ps. putida, etc., and also of achromobacter stutzeri, achromobacter flavum, mycobacterium phlei, mycobacterium mucosum, bacillus mesentericus, bac. cereus, sa ...	1975	808686
improvements in a non-proprietary radiometric medium to allow the detection of some pseudomonas species and alcaligenes faecalis.	the addition of [5-14c]glutamate and [14c]formate to a non-proprietary medium containing [14c]glucose, trypticase, yeast extract, thiotone, and salts enabled the radiometric detection of the presence of nonfermenters of glucose. it did not interfere with the rapid detection of the presence of aerobic and anaerobic sporeforemers and nonsporeformers.	1975	809010
gas chromatography of bacterial whole cell methanolysates. vii. fatty acid composition of acinetobacter in relation to the taxonomy of neisseriaceae.	the cellular fatty acids of seventeen acinetobacter strains were determined. most acids identified were previously found in neisseriae and moraxellae. specific for acinetobacter was 2-hydroxydodecanoid acid and a few minor unidentified components. the fatty acid data were analysed by numerical methods and compared with previous results obtained for neisseriae and moraxellae. the findings were consistent with genetic evidence for some affinities of genus acinetobacter to genus moraxella and "fals ...	1975	812336
[about the decomposition of acetamide as taxonomic marker for some species of the genus pseudomonas (author's transl)].	the comparative examination of the acetamide-decompostition and of the acetamide-utilisation as sole source of carbon demonstrates that various groups of the pseudomonas species with the same kind of reaction have to be distinguished. the acetamide-decomposition-test according to buhlmann et al. and the methylene-blue-reduction-test show homogeneous results. as a positive result of these tests the formation of ammonia has always been shown. an acetamide decomposition of this kind has been demons ...	1975	814748
microbial assimilation of hydrocarbons. ii. intracytoplasmic membrane induction in acinetobacter sp.	1. the induction of intracytoplasmic membranes was demonstrated to occur in acinetobacter sp. when grown on hexadecane, heptadecane, and hexadec-1-ene. 2. evidence for a physical relationship between the cytoplasmic hydrocarbon "pools" and the intracytoplasmic membranes is presented. 3. the specificity of cytoplasmic pooling of hydrocarbons and the induction of intracytoplasmic membranes was investigated in relationship to hydrocarbon oxidation. 4. these results suggests that both processes are ...	1975	1115562
indicator media for microorganisms degrading chlorinated pesticides.	a bromocresol purple liquid indicator medium and an eosin-methylene blue agar have been developed for the demonstration and isolation of microorganisms able to degrade the chlorinated herbicide, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-d). plates of the eosin-methylene blue agar indicate individual 2,4-d-degrading bacterial colonies. both indicator systems show the production of acid, presumably hydrochloric, during degradation of the 2,4-d in the media. concentrations of 2,4-d required to give an ac ...	1975	1116035
comparative analysis of the lipids of acinetobacter species grown on hexadecane.	a comparative analysis of the cellular and extracellular lipids of acinetobacter species ho1-n indicated basic physiological differences in hexadecane-grown cells. the cellular lipids obtained from hexadecane-grown cells were characterized by 3- and 18-fold increases in the phospholipid fraction and the mono- and diglyceride fraction, respectively, over that obtained from nutrient broth-yeast extract-grown cells. the cellular-associated pools of hexadecane were shown to comprise approximately 8% ...	1975	1116989
biologic and physical properties of succinylated and glycosylated acinetobacter glutaminase-asparaginase.	acinetobacter glutaminase-asparaginase was chemically modified by succinylation and glycosylation with glycopeptides from human fibrin and gamma-globulin. these modifications markedly prolonged the half-lives of the enzyme in mice, rats, and rabbits. the plasma half-life in mice increased with decreasing isoelectric point. glycosylation caused greater prolongation in rodents than succinylation. the kinetic properties of the modified enzymes were unchanged. succinylation protected the enzyme from ...	1975	1126947
2-keto-3-deoxy-d-gluconate.		1975	1128280
d-gluconate dehydratase from alcaligenes.		1975	1134357
physiological basis for preferential uptake of d-alpha-aminoadipate over the l-isomer by alcaligenes denitrificans.	alcaligenes denitrificans, pre-incubated with d-alpha-aminoadipate and assayed for l-isomer uptake without removal of extracellular d-isomer, exhibits a reduced rate of uptake and a reduced level at which steady state is achieved. during d- or l-isomer uptake, intracellular alpha-aminoadipate is exclusively the l-configuration. these data are consistent with an intracellular, mediated reduction in l-isomer uptake as the physiological basis for preferential d-alpha-aminoadipate uptake by a. denit ...	1975	1138928
unstable generalized transduction in achromobacter.	six auxotrophic markers of a halotolerant collagenolytic strain of achromobacter were transduced by four alpha hages. abortive transduction was also demonstrated. the generalized transduction system is unusual as the transductants were unstable, characteristic of transduction by lysogeny. the achromobacter strain is a cryptic lysogen for alpha and purified transductants were either sensitive or resistant to alpha. purified clones from four resistant transductants and one sensitive transductant l ...	1975	1151337
correlation between twitching motility and possession of polar fimbriae in acinetobacter calcoaceticus.	negatively stained preparations of 16 strains of acinetobacter calcoaceticus were examined in the electron microscope. five of the strains did and 11 of the strains did not exhibit twitching motility. two of the non-twitching strains were substrains of twitching wild-type strains. all twitching strains were found to possess fimbriae with a diameter of approximately 50 a. these fimbriae were shown to be of polar origin except in one strain where, for technical reasons, the origin could not be det ...	1975	1155109
examination of fimbriation of some gram-negative rods with and without twitching and gliding motility.	negatively stained preparations of 30 different strains of gram-negative rods representing 20 different taxa were examined in the electron microscope. thirteen of the strains studied exhibited twitching and six of the strains exhibited motility. additionally, non-twitching substrains of two of the twitching strains and a non-gliding substrain of one of the gliding strains were examined. a variety of cultural media, preparations for negative straining and negative strains were used. it was found ...	1975	1155114
the occurrence of twitching motility among gram-negative bacteria.	almost 1000 strains representing well above 50 different species or groups of gram-negative bacteria were examined for twitching motility. this kind of motility was mainly found in strictly aerobic cocci and rods (viz. acinetobacter calcoaceticus, moraxella spp., neisseria gonorrhoeae, n. meningitidis, pseudomonas spp., phenon 3 of thornley that is closely related to acinetobacter, and marine, yellow-pigmented rods), but also in the facultative eikenella corrodens and in anaerobic strains presum ...	1975	1155115
aromatic amino acid biosynthesis in alcaligenes eutrophus h16. ii. the isolation and characterization of mutants auxotrophic for phenylalanine and tyrosine.	1. mutants derived from the hydrogen bacterium alcaligenes eutrophus strain h 16 auxotrophic for phenylalanine and tyrosine were isolated employing mutagenic agents (ems, nitrite), the colistine counterselection technique and the "pin-point" isolation method. three different types of mutants were found: (1) mutants, requiring phenylalanine or phenylpyruvate for growth, were affected in chorismate mutase as well as prephenate dehydratase. both activities were regained by reversion to prototrophy. ...	1975	1156090
the aerobic metabolism of cyclohexanecarboxylic acid by acinetobacter anitratum.	1. the aerobic metabolism of cyclohexanecarboxylic acid by a bacterium isolated from garden soil (acinetobacter anitratum) was investigated. 2. evidence for the formation of cyclohex-1-ene-1-carboxylate, 2-hydroxycyclohexanecarboxylate and pimelate when either cell suspensions or cell-free extracts were incubated in the presence of cyclohexanecarboxylic acid is presented. 3. crude cell-free extracts required atp, coa, fad and mg2+ as cofactors for the production of pimelate from cyclohexanecarbo ...	1975	1156390
[decomposition of cholesterol by achromobacter candicans].	the decomposition of cholesterol by the cell suspensions of achromobacter candicans 42 and by the cell-free extracts of this bacterium was studied. the decomposition of cholesterol in the presence of the wet biomass during four hours of the incubation was 72.5 percent, and with the cells that were preliminarily lyophilized or treated by acetone 49.8 and 23.0 percent, respectively. the activity decreased from 70.0 to 50.0 percent if the biomass was kept at minus 3 degrees c during 70 days. the de ...	1975	1160640
electrophoretic microheterogeneity and subunit composition of the 13s coupling factors of oxidative and photosynthetic phosphorylation.	two electrophoretically distinguishable species of the 13s coupling factor of oxidative phosphorylation from alcaligenes faecalis are detectable by standard polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the absence of urea, detergents, or any other protein-denaturing reagents. the slower species (type ia) can be converted into the faster species (type ib) by treatment with atp, and the fast form converts into the slow form when aged at 4 degrees. the enzyme undergoes these conversions both when it is fr ...	1975	1168491
antimicrobial activities of 81.723 hfu, a new pleuromutilin derivative.	the new pleuromutilin derivative 81.723 hfu is extremely active against gram-positive organisms such as streptococci, staphylococci, and against mycoplasmas. a number of shigella, klebsiella, and escherichia coli strains were also found to be quite susceptible to this new agent, whereas other gram-negative organisms like pseudomonas aeruginosa, proteus species, and alcaligenes faecalis proved to be naturally resistant to 81.723 hfu. the new compound acts bacteriostatically. bactericidal effects ...	1975	1170807
cellular fatty acids of alcaligenes and pseudomonas species isolated from clinical specimens.	the cellular fatty acid composition of 25 clinical isolates of alcaligenes and pseudomonas was determined by gas-liquid chromatography (glc). the glc fatty acid profiles of three species of pseudomonas were markedly different from those of alcaligenes. the most significant differences were the presence and relative amounts of hydroxy, branched-chain, and cyclopropane fatty acids. one of the major fatty acids in a. faecalis was a 17-carbon cyclopropane (17 delta) acid, whereas a 15-carbon branche ...	1975	1176611
[on the taxonomy and physiology of bacteria utilizing hydrocarbons in the sea (author's transl)].	using mineral media with gas oil as sole carbon source, 191 bacterial strains were isolated from the costal area of marseille. these strains were attributed to achromobacter, alcaligenes, pseudomonas, acinetobacter and arthrobacter genera. amongst isolated strains there was a predominance of the alcaligenes-achromobacter group over others genera. growth and respiratory activity of 5 strains were studied on hexadecane and acetate. respiratory activity on hexadecane of 32 strains cultured on aceta ...	1975	1190640
effect of heat-killed cells of achromobacter nematophilus poinar et thomas, and the fraction (endotoxin) isolated from them on galleria mellonella l. caterpillars.		1975	1192248
regulation of the pyruvate kinase from alcaligenes eutrophus h 16 in vitro and in vivo.	the biosynthesis of the enzyme pyruvate kinase (e.c. 2.7.1.40) of alcaligenes eutrophus (hydrogenomonas eutropha) h 16 was influenced by the carbon and energy source. after growth on gluconate the specific enzyme activity was high while acetate grown cells exhibited lower activities (340 and 55 mumoles/min-g protein, respectively). the pyruvate kinase from autotrophically grown cells was purified 110-fold. the enzyme was characterized by homotropic cooperative interactions with the substrate pho ...	1975	1200735
decreased dissociation of the 3-methylcrotonyl-coa carboxylase complex from achromobacter in the presence of 3-methylcrotonyl-coa. a possible regulatory mechanism for the intracellular degradation of the enzyme.	by inactivation of different concentrations of 3-methylcrotonyl-coa carboxylase from achromobacter ivs with a fixed concentration of iodoacetamide, it was demonstrated that the degree of dissociation of the complex is considerably lower in the presence of 3-methylcrotonyl-coa. atp did not produce this effect. this property could serve to regulate the intracellular degradation of the enzyme, if the dissociated subunits were attacked preferentially.	1975	1204640
[microbiological transformation and degradation of pesticides].		1975	1206144
[the bacterial flora of the nasal mucosa of the horse. i. gram-negative bacteria (author's transl)].		1975	1218849
[study of specific polysaccharides of alkali-forming enterobacteria. i. selection of hydrolysis conditions for polysaccharides from bacterium faecalis alcaligenes, strain 6].		1975	1219323
[activity of microorganisms decomposing cholesterol].	the rates of cholesterol decomposition was compared among cell suspensions of different microorganisms. fifty seven cultures were studied: 2 strains of actinomycetes, 23 strains of proactinomycetes, 22 strains of mycobacteria, and 10 strains of bacteria. during four hours of incubation, 11 strains virtually did not decompose cholesterol at all, 10 strains decomposed it by up to 20 per cent, 21 strains by 20 to 70 per cent, and 15 strains by 70 to 100 per cent. the highest activity was displayed ...	1975	1226133
[some details of isolation of total protein from biomass of monocellular organisms, for dietary purposes].		1975	1226223
effect of experimental dermatophyte infection on cutaneous flora.	the cutaneous aerobic bacterial flora was monitored during the course of experimental dermatiphyte (ringworm) infections on the forearms of 9 volunteers. micrococcaceae were identified by the new baird-parker classification with the aid of a replica-plating technique. there were significant differences in total populations but not in kinds of flora compared with control (opposite) forearms. the proportion of penicillin-resistant microorganisms, however increased the infection, to a degree which ...	1975	1039027
bacterium anitratum bacteremia in a chronic myelogenous leukemia with blastic transformation patients.		1975	1060714
isolation and characterization of some new oxalate-decomposing bacteria.	forty-one cultures degrading and assimilating oxalate were isolated from chicken dung. characterizarion indicated six different types. one of these belonged to thhe genus alcaligenes hitherto never reported to degrade oxalte. three groups of pseudomonas strains differed physiologically from strains already known.	1975	1080384
oxalate and formate in alcaligenes and pseudomonas species.	oxalate is metabolized by the glycerate pathway involving glyoxylate carboligase in alcaligenes lox and pseudomonas kox, and by the serine pathway involving hydroxypyruvate reductase in ps.mox and ps.am1 (var. 470). although a.lox does not grow on formate, stimulation of growth was observed in the presence of amino acids and a few kreb's cycle intermediates. a.lox possesses two different mechanisms for the oxidation of formate: (1) the constitutive formate oxidase which is present in the particu ...	1975	1083207
nasal infection of alcaligenes bronchisepticus (bordetella bronchiseptica) and lesions in newborn rabbits.	the mode of experimental infection with alcaligenes bronchisepticus (bordetella bronchiseptica) of pig and rabbit origin, and lesions in the respiratory organs were examined in three groups, a, b and c, of newborn rabbits. groups a and c were free from the organism and agglutinating antibody and inoculated with the organisms of pig and rabbit origin, respectively. group b had maternal antibody and was inoculated with the organism of pig origin. establishment and persistence of infection with the ...	1975	1091866
[effect of the diluent on the aerobic bacterial count in raw minced meat and similar meats (author's transl)].	a report on the changes in the aerobic bacterial count in commercial minced meat, which appear when samples, decimally diluted with 0.85 per cent sodium chloride or with 0.85 per cent sodium chloride plus peptone (peptone physiological saline solution, p.ph.s.s.) are stored at room temperature for some time. when the higher dilutions (10(5) to 10(7) inclusive) were stored for periods of thirty minutes and more, significantly higher counts were recorded on using p.ph.s.s. and significantly lower ...	1975	1101442
physical properties of l-asparaginase from serratia marcescens.	purified l-asparaginase from serratia marcescens had an apparent-weight average molecular weight of 171,000 to 180,000 as determined by electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gels and by sedimentation equilibrium at low speed in an analytical ultracentrifuge. a subunit molecular weight of 31,500 +/- 1,500 was estimated for the enzyme after treatment with sodium dodecyl sulfate and urea and electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gels; a similar value was obtained by high-speed sedimentation equilibrium in ...	1976	1107330
alcaligenes faecalis septicaemia.	a case of alcaligenes faecalis septicaemia occurring after appendicectomy is described, and previous reports of this condition are briefly reviewed. alcaligenes is frequently found in the faeces of healthy people and systemic infections appear to be very uncommon. nevertheless, if the organism is cultured from the blood it should not be dismissed as a contaminant without careful investigation.	1976	1063929
resistance to inorganic salts and antibiotics among sewage-borne enterobacteriaceae and achromobacteriaceae.		1976	1049587
binding of adenine nucleotides to the purified 13s coupling factor of bacterial oxidative phosphorylation.		1976	1259416
microbial utilization of raw and hydrogenated shale oils.	the biodegradability of raw and hydrogenated shale oils prepared by a retort process were studied under psychrophilic and mesophilic conditions. changes in bacterial numbers and the chemical composition of the oils were monitored using a plate count and chromatographic techniques respectively. raw shale oil was found to be relatively resistant to microbial attack whereas hydrogenated shale oil was readily utilized for microbial growth. populations enriched on raw shale oil had a reduced ability ...	1976	1260529
purification and properties of chorismate mutase-prephenate dehydratase and prephenate dehydrogenase from alcaligenes eutrophus.	chorismate mutase and prephenate dehydratase from alcaligenes autophus h16 were purified 470-fold with a yield of 24%. during the course of purification, including chromatography on diethylaminoethyl (deae)-cellulose, phenylalanine-substituted sepharose, sephadex g-200 and hydrogyapatite, both enzymes appeared in association. the ratio of their specific activities remained almost constant. the molecular weight of chorismate mutase-prephenast dehydratase varied from 144,000 to 187,000 due to the ...	1976	1262315
microbial metabolism of polychlorinated biphenyls. studies on the relative degradability of polychlorinated biphenyl components by alkaligenes sp.		1976	815303
bacterial glutaminase in treatment of acute leukaemia.	a glutaminase-asparaginase enzyme from achromobacter sp has antitumour activity in vitro and in animals. glutaminase was administered in doses of 3500-20 000 iu/m2 body surface area/day to six patients with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (all) and three patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (aml). the enzyme had a blood half life of 80 minutes but depletion of blood glutamine persisted for 12 hours after single doses. seven patients, including four (two with aml and two with all) resistant to asp ...	1976	773514
current taxonomy and identification of nonfermentative gram negative bacilli.	in recent years significant advances have been made in the characterization and taxonomy of nonfermentative bacilli as well as in the recognition of their pathogenic potential for man. in addition, certain other infrequently isolated bacteria that may be fermentative have been recognized, and improved methods for their identification have been developed. this discussion attempts to present a practical approach to the identification of these micro-organisms in the clinical microbiology laboratory ...	1976	773809
rapid method for identification of gram-negative, nonfermentative bacilli.	a rapid system (oa), based on oxidative attack of substrates, was developed for identification of gram-negative, nonfermentative bacillia (nfb). one hundred and twelve strains of nfb from 25 species (representing the genera pseudomonas, alcaligenes, acinetobacter, bordetella, flavobacterium, moraxella, and xanthomonas) were assayed by oa, buffered single substrate, and oxidative/fermentative methods. the 38 substrates consisted of salts of organic acids, nitrogen-containing compounds, alcohols, ...	1976	780371
[formation of l-asparagine and l-glutamine deamidases by bacterial cultures].	among studied 40 bacterial cultures, 17 strains catalysed hydroxylaminolysis of i.-asparagine and l-glutamine, and among these cultures seven strains belonged to the pseudomonas genus. extracts of the cells of ps. boreopolis 526 (mgu), ps. aurantiaca ibfm b-14, and ps. septica ibfm b-40 had the maximum deamidase activity during the stage of decelerated growth. the activity of l-asparaginase 2 was practically the same upon various ways of disintegration of the cells of ps. aurantiaca ibfm b-14: b ...	1976	781474
measuring the concentrations of metabolites in bacteria.		1976	782284
specific polysaccharides of bacterium faecalis alcaligenes obtained by various methods.		1976	787733
liberation of sulfate from sulfate esters by soils.	when incubated with acid, alkaline, and neutral soils, a variety of synthetic sulfate esters representing the various classes of these compounds was hydrolyzed by enzymes, probably of microbial origin. the appearance of sulfate in the soil water occurred immediately after introduction into the soils with some esters, whereas with others it occurred only after lag periods. heat treatment destroyed the hydrolytic acitivity in the soils. the ester sulfate groups present in humic acid extracted from ...	1976	938044
dissimilatory nitrate and nitrite reduction under aerobic conditions by an aerobically and anaerobically grown alcaligenes sp. and by activated sludge.		1976	939730
isolation of oxidase-positive gram-negative cocci not belonging to the genus neisseria from the urogenital tract.	in a 12-month period, oxidase-positive, gram-negative cocci showing similar characteristics in biochemical tests have been isolated from the urogenital tract of 39 male and female patients. although these organisms superficially resemble neisseria gonorrhoeae, biochemical characterization and the results of dna base composition analysis indicate that they do not belong to the genus neisseria. the relationship of these organisms to the genera neisseria, achromobacter, and pseudomonas is discussed ...	1976	939808
divalent cations in the envelope of a psychrophilic achromobacter.	the function of ca2+ in a psychrophilic achromobacter, previously found to bind large amounts of these ions to its envelope, has been studied. bacteria suspended in media of low ionic content showed decreases in wet weight, dry weight and growth capacity, and increases in light scattering and in the release of u.v.-absorbing substances into the medium. the permeability barrier to ca2+ was also damaged, and there was a release of radioactivity from bacteria labelled with 45ca2+. these events occu ...	1976	950556
[different methods of purifying the specific polysaccharides of bacterium faecalis alcaligenes].		1976	950931
bacteriophage growth on stationary phase achromobacter cells.	a new phage-host system is described in which phage alpha 3a grows on stationary phase achromobacter mutant strains. characteristic clear plaques are formed, at an e.o.p. 10(-1) to 10(-2), on already confluent bacterial lawns of the mutant strains. phage growth is sensitive to aeration and growth only occurs under micro-aerophilic conditions. lysates prepared on the mutant strains cannot transduce in contrast to transducing lysates prepared from wild type achromobacter strains.	1976	956787
acinetobacter and similar organisms in ear infections.	fifty-seven strains of acinetobacter-like organisms were isolated over a period of 26 months from the ears of 55 patients with acute or chronic otitis media, or otitis externa, and one strain was isolated in a survey of 50 normal ears. after comparison with eight reference strains, 32 of the isolates were identified as acinetobacter anitratus, 22 as acinetobacter iwoffii, three as moraxella spp. and one as achromobacter sp. analysis of the clinical findings suggests that although most of these o ...	1976	957420
[specific polysaccharides of alkali-forming enterobacteria. ii. separation of a hydrolysate of b. faecalis alcaligenes specific polysaccharide on a column with cellulose].	paper and gas-liquid chromatography was applied to the study of monosaccharide composition of specific polysaccharide from b. faecalis alcaligenes. lipophilic sugar of unknown chemical nature was revealed in the composition of this polysaccharide. conditions for separation of acid hydrolyzate of the specific polysaccharide of this culture in a column with cellulose powder for the purpose of preparative obtaining of the unknown sugar were elaborated.	1976	961239
incidence of bacteremia in adults without infection.	to determine the incidence of bacteremia in healthy adults, blood cultures were obtained from 240 patients who had no demonstrable foci of infection. five patients (2.1%) had positive blood cultures. staphylococcus epidermidis was isolated from four patients and alcaligenes faecalis from one. in each of these patients, the organism isolated probably represented contamination rather than bacteremia.	1976	972185
emergence of gentamicin-resistant bacteria: experience with tobramycin therapy of infections due to gentamicin-resistant organisms.	a computerized system for testing and surveillance of bacterial susceptibility to antibiotics was used in monitoring the emergence of gentamicin-resistant strains of aerobic and facultative gram-negative bacilli at massachusetts general hospital since the release of gentamicin for clinical use in 1971. during the period studied, there was a significant increase in the prevalence of gentamicin-resistant bacteria, particularly among pseudomonas, acinetobacter (herellea), and proteus and, more rece ...	1976	972284
[degradation of hydrocarbons in the presence of other organic substances by bacteria isolated from seawater].	three bacterial strains, isolated on gas-oil from seawater, have a variously changed growth on hexadecane with supply of two organic substances. acetate reduces growth of all tested strains and particularly the hexadecane degradation by acinetobacter sp. on the contrary, trypticase-phytone promotes the degradation by the three strains.	1976	974913
a study of skin diseases in dogs and cats. ii. microflora of the normal skin of dogs and cats.	a study of the microflora of the normal skin was undertaken in 10 dogs and 10 cats. swabs were taken from the surface of the skin at 7 different sites (fig. 1). micrococcus spp., alpha-hemolytic streptococci, and acinetobacter spp. were found consistently in both species. staphylococcus aureus was isolated from 9 dogs and 4 cats, and staphylococcus epidermidis from 7 dogs and 5 cats. beta-hemolytic streptococci, corynebacterium spp., bacillus spp., escherichia coli, proteus mirabilis, pseudomona ...	1976	980697
comparison of direct and standardized antimicrobial susceptibility testing of positive blood cultures.	in an effort to determine the feasibility and accuracy of performing direct susceptibility tests from positive blood cultures, minimal inhibitory concentrations (mics), determined by the agar dilution method, of direct and standardized tests with seven antibiotics were compared. results were analyzed as to the number of very major (change in mic from susceptible in preliminary direct testing to resistant in final standardized testing), major (change in mic from resistant to susceptible), and min ...	1976	984763
quantitative requirements for exponential growth of alcaligenes eutrophus.	quantitative nutrient requirements for unrestricted autotrophic growth of alcaligenes eutrophus were determined. minimum saturating concentrations of mg2+, so42-, po43-, fe3+, and na2+ for an optical density increase of 2 were 10(-4) m 8 x10(-5) m, 5 x 10(-4) to 6 x 10(-4) m, 10(-5) m, and 10(-7) to 2 x 10(-7) m, respectively. trace metal requirements for cobalt, chromium, and copper were also demonstrated, but minimum concentrations could not be determined because other reagents contributed a h ...	1976	984831
bacteria within ovules and seeds.	surface-sterilized ovules and seeds of 27 species of plants were cultured in the water of syneresis of a nutrient medium low in agar content. bacteria were obtained from 30% of the ovules, 15% of the seeds of herbaceous plants, 16% of the seeds of woody plants, 5.4% of the overwintered noncereal seeds, and 13.5% of overwintered cereal seeds. in no instance did every ovule or seed of a plant species contain bacteria. no bacteria were obtained from the hard, waxy seeds of mimosa or yellowwood. the ...	1976	984839
oxidation of arsenite by a soil isolate of alcaligenes.		1976	993144
[species makeup and some characteristics of the physiology of the bacteria isolated in sugar manufacture].		1976	994867
[on the mechanism of the biological persistence of halogenated and sulfonated aromatic hydrocarbons (author's transl)].	aromatic compounds with unphysiological substituents like halogen or so2h-groups are mainly degraded by cometabolism. investigations with model compounds show, that the negative inductive effect (-i-effect) of the halogen substituents impede the electrophilic attack of the oxygenases, particularly the pyrocatechases. although the "affinity" of the enzyme for the substrate increases with the number of halogen substituents, the rate of ring cleavage decreases by the presence of halogen substituent ...	1976	998040
nitrate removal in closed-system aquaculture by columnar denitrification.	the columnar denitrification method of nitrate-nitrogen removal from high-density, closed system, salmonid aquaculture was investigated and found to be feasible. however, adequate chemical monitoring was found to be necessary for the optimization and quality control of this method. when methanol-carbon was not balanced with inlet nitrate-nitrogen, the column effluent became unsatisfactory for closed-system fish culture due to the presence of excess amounts of nitrite, ammonia, sulfide, and diss ...	1976	1008557
[effect of nitrogen sources on growth and cholesterol decomposing activity of mycobacterium rubrum and achromobacter canadicans].	the effect of 12 sources of nitrogen on growth and cholesterine-decomposing activity was studied with mycobacterium rubrum and achromobacter candicans. the yield of biomass and the rate of cholesterine decomposition depended on the source of nitrogen and its concentration in the medium. the highest specific activity of the enzyme decomposing cholesterine was found during growth of the cultures on media containing reduced forms of nitrogen. the activity of the enzyme of mycobacterium rubrum was b ...	1976	1012055