Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| characterisation of hospital isolates of moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis by sds-page of whole-cell proteins, immunoblotting and restriction-endonuclease analysis. | sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (sds-page) of whole-cell proteins (wcp), immunoblot analysis and dna restriction-endonuclease analysis (rea) were applied as potential typing methods to 31 clinically significant strains of moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis, five of which came from a suspected outbreak of nosocomial infection in a respiratory-diseases ward. twelve of 31 isolates were placed in four groups, each of which contained strains indistinguishable by the three ... | 1992 | 1625319 |
| branhamella catarrhalis respiratory infections. | branhamella catarrhalis is an aerobic gram-negative diplococcus. it has been traditionally regarded as an oropharyngeal commensal and until recently was only identified as a pathogen in cases of bronchopulmonary infections. the aim of this study was to analyse the characteristics of the respiratory infections caused by b. catarrhalis and to know the antibiotic susceptibility of this microorganism. we retrospectively studied 32 lower respiratory tract infections, caused by b. catarrhalis (20 case ... | 1992 | 1628725 |
| [clinical study of respiratory infection due to branhamella catarrhalis using transtracheal aspiration]. | we clinically investigated 40 cases of respiratory infection due to b. catarrhalis by transtracheal aspiration (tta). the cases consisted of acute bronchitis (13 cases), pneumonia (14 cases), and chronic lower respiratory tract infection (13 cases). the infection was monomicrobial in 17 cases and polymicrobial in 23 cases with respect to the organisms isolated from tta. the principal organisms isolated in combination with b. catarrhalis in cases of polymicrobial infection were s. pneumoniae and ... | 1992 | 1630054 |
| amoxicillin/clavulanate therapy of respiratory tract infections: a microbiologic perspective. | the development of beta-lactamase-producing strains of the common respiratory tract pathogens hemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis has caused increasing resistance to a number of antimicrobial agents, including ampicillin and amoxicillin, that are traditionally used to treat respiratory tract infections. because antimicrobial therapy for upper and lower respiratory tract infections is usually empiric, an understanding of beta-lactamase-mediated resistance and its implications for anti ... | 1992 | 1638583 |
| [isolation of moraxella catarrhalis in a case of postoperative mediastinitis]. | 1992 | 1643138 | |
| effect of prior antibiotic treatment on middle ear disease in children. | the effect of prior antibiotic treatment on the course of otitis media was assessed in a group of 62 children who experienced 83 episodes of ear infection during 3 years of observation. bacterial quantitation in middle ear fluids demonstrated a significantly higher colony count in symptomatic children (3.9 x 10(4) +/- 12 bacteria per milliliter) compared to asymptomatic children (6.3 x 10(3) +/- 10 bacteria per milliliter; p = .05). bacterial counts similarly tended to be higher in children with ... | 1992 | 1728891 |
| sinusitis in infants and children. | the major clinical problem in considering a diagnosis of sinusitis is differentiating uncomplicated upper respiratory tract infection from a secondary bacterial infection of the paranasal sinuses that may benefit from antimicrobial therapy. a diagnosis of sinusitis is suggested by presentation with protracted upper respiratory tract symptoms or a cold that is more severe than usual with fever and purulent nasal discharge. confirmatory tests of sinus disease are transillumination (useful in adole ... | 1992 | 1728898 |
| pneumonia. patient profiles, choice of empiric therapy, and the place of third-generation cephalosporins. | choosing appropriate antimicrobial therapy for patients with pneumonia requires knowledge of the etiologic agents seen in specific kinds of patients at specific times and places. for community-acquired pneumonia, there is an important difference in the agents seen in the normal and the compromised host. the normal host most often presents with viral, mycoplasmal, or pneumococcal pneumonia. the exact place of chlamydia pneumoniae is still under study. a normal host who aspirates is at risk of ana ... | 1992 | 1730186 |
| treatment of exacerbations of copd. | chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) affects approximately 14 million americans. treatment of copd includes bronchodilators, corticosteroids and antibiotics. the most common bacterial isolates during exacerbations of copd are haemophilus influenzae, streptococcus pneumoniae and moraxella catarrhalis. | 1992 | 1739053 |
| clinical features fail to distinguish respiratory infections caused by branhamella catarrhalis from those caused by haemophilus influenzae. | branhamella catarrhalis is being isolated with increasing frequency from patients with symptoms and signs of respiratory tract infection. records of 77 patients were reviewed to define the spectrum of respiratory illness and to compare clinical and laboratory features with those of respiratory infection due to haemophilus influenzae. both b catarrhalis and h influenzae caused respiratory infection predominantly in elderly males with underlying heart or lung disease. there were no clinical or lab ... | 1992 | 22451757 |
| bronchopulmonary infection due to moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis at qatif central hospital. | moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis is now recognized as an important cause of respiratory tract infections. over a two year period, moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis was isolated in pure culture from 3.4% of the sputums collected from patients with symptoms of acute respiratory tract infections. it was the third most important pathogen isolated after haemophilus influenzae and streptococcus pneumoniae; 77% of the patients had an underlying chronic pulmonary condition. prevalence, antibiotic s ... | 1992 | 17587050 |
| cefetamet pivoxil: a review of its microbiology, toxicology, pharmacokinetics and clinical efficacy. | cefetamet pivoxil is an oral, third-generation cephalosporin whose broad spectrum of antibacterial activity and favorable pharmacokinetic profile make it particularly suitable for the treatment of a wide range of infectious diseases. cefetamet has high in vitro activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria that cause a number of respiratory tract and urinary tract infections. these include penicillin-sensitive streptococcus pneumoniae, streptococcus spp, haemophilus influenzae, ... | 1992 | 18611503 |
| lomefloxacin versus amoxicillin in the treatment of acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis: results of multinational studies. | the results of two large, multicenter studies comparing the safety and efficacy of lomefloxacin (400 mg administered orally once daily) and amoxicillin (500 mg administered orally three times daily) in adult patients with acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis caused predominantly by gram-negative pathogens have been combined. the studies were both randomized and blinded. one study enrolled 127 patients in 12 centers in belgium; the second enrolled 510 patients in 52 centers in ten countries. ... | 1992 | 18611518 |
| comparison of the safety and efficacy of lomefloxacin and amoxicillin in the treatment of acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis: results from a latin american multicenter study. | the aim of this study was to compare the safety and efficacy of lomefloxacin, a new difluornated quinolone, with those of amoxicillin in the treatment of acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis caused by gram-negative bacteria. the study was conducted as a multicenter, randomized, single-blind comparison in four countries (argentina, colombia, mexico and venezuela). in total, 163 evaluable patients were assessed-82 in the lomefloxacin group and 81 in the amoxicillin group. patients received or ... | 1992 | 18611519 |
| molecular epidemiological characterization of respiratory isolates of moraxella catarrhalis in a pediatric intensive care unit. | a perceived increase in the number of isolates of moraxella catarrhalis from the respiratory secretions of patients intubated in the pediatric intensive care unit prompted a review of the clinical profiles of such patients and restriction enzyme analysis of the strains involved. over two months, of 192 patients admitted to the unit, 154 were intubated. of the 46 for whom endotracheal tube specimens were submitted to the laboratory, m catarrhalis was isolated in 12. m catarrhalis was not felt to ... | 1992 | 22514369 |
| antimicrobial treatment of community acquired pneumonia in adults: a conference report. | 1993 | 22346416 | |
| antimicrobial resistance patterns in korea. | recent in-vitro test results showed that in seoul (korea) aerobic gram-negative bacilli are often resistant to ampicillin and to the first-generation cephalosporins, but chloramphenicol-resistant salmonella typhi are extremely rare. almost all isolates of moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis, 49% of neisseria gonorrhoeae and 31% of haemophilus influenzae were beta-lactamase producers. seventhy-two percent of pneumococci were penicillin g resistant and 62% of staphylococci were methicillin resista ... | 1993 | 18611562 |
| bronchopulmonary infection due to moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis at qatif central hospital. | 1993 | 17589100 | |
| reply: bronchopulmonary infection due to moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis at qatif central hospital. | 1993 | 17589103 | |
| cefprozil. a review of its antibacterial activity, pharmacokinetic properties, and therapeutic potential. | cefprozil is an orally active cephalosporin which has demonstrated activity against a wide range of organisms in vitro. it is particularly active against the gram-positive organisms streptococcus pyogenes, pneumoniae and agalactiae and against methicillin-susceptible staphylococcus aureus. strains of methicillin-resistant s. aureus are not susceptible to cefprozil. cefprozil is also moderately active against haemophilus influenzae, moraxella catarrhalis, neisseria gonorrhoeae, many enterobacteri ... | 1993 | 7681376 |
| a major outer membrane protein of moraxella catarrhalis is a target for antibodies that enhance pulmonary clearance of the pathogen in an animal model. | a murine immunoglobulin g monoclonal antibody (mab) raised against outer membrane vesicles of moraxella catarrhalis 035e was shown to bind to a surface-exposed epitope of a major outer membrane protein of this organism. this outer membrane protein, which had an apparent molecular weight of approximately 80,000 in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels, was designated copb. mab 10f3, reactive with copb, bound to a majority (70%) of m. catarrhalis strains tested. more importantly, mice passive ... | 1993 | 7683000 |
| cefetamet pivoxil. a review of its antibacterial activity, pharmacokinetic properties and therapeutic use. | cefetamet pivoxil is an oral third-generation cephalosporin which is hydrolysed to form the active agent, cefetamet. cefetamet has excellent in vitro activity against the major respiratory pathogens streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis and group a beta-haemolytic streptococci; it is active against beta-lactamase-producing strains of h. influenzae and m. catarrhalis, but has poor activity against penicillin-resistant s. pneumoniae. cefetamet has ma ... | 1993 | 7684677 |
| comparison of monoclonal antibody methods and a ribosomal ribonucleic acid probe test for neisseria gonorrhoeae culture confirmation. | recently, a chemiluminescent nucleic acid probe test that specifically detects the ribosomal ribonucleic acid of neisseria gonorrhoeae has been released for clinical laboratory use (accuprobe neisseria gonorrhoeae). in this study, three coagglutination tests (gonogen i, meritec gc, and gc omni), the gonogen ii immunofiltration method and the micro trak neisseria gonorrhoeae fluorescent monoclonal antibody test were compared with accuprobe for identification of gonococci. strains tested (n = 376) ... | 1993 | 7685283 |
| loracarbef. a review of its antimicrobial activity, pharmacokinetic properties and therapeutic efficacy. | loracarbef is an orally administered member of a new synthetic class of beta-lactam antibiotics, the carbacephems, which is characterised by enhanced chemical stability. at low concentrations (< 2 mg/l) in vitro, it inhibits streptococcus pneumoniae, s. pyogenes, beta-haemolytic streptococci groups b, c and g. proteus mirabilis and moraxella catarrhalis, including beta-lactamase-producing strains. at therapeutic plasma concentrations it is also active in vitro against most strains of staphylococ ... | 1993 | 7686466 |
| a prospective study of isolation of moraxella catarrhalis in a hospital during the winter months. | sputum samples submitted to the microbiology laboratory from general medical and respiratory wards were monitored for moraxella catarrhalis on a prospective basis. all isolates were typed by restriction endonuclease typing. nosocomial spread was found both by the clustering of cases and typing of isolates. sampling of the environment of some cases was performed. seven out of 37 samples revealed environmental contamination. sampling for persistence of the organism in the environment was positive ... | 1993 | 7901276 |
| in vitro antimicrobial activity of cp-99,219, a novel azabicyclo-naphthyridone. | cp-99,219 is a trifluoronaphthyridone with significant antibacterial activity that includes the family enterobacteriaceae (mics for 90% of the strains tested [mic90s], < or = 0.015 to 0.5 micrograms/ml), moraxella catarrhalis, haemophilus influenzae, and gonococci (mics, < or = 0.015 micrograms/ml). legionella spp. were also cp-99,219 susceptible, with mics of 0.008 to 0.12 micrograms/ml. cp-99,219 demonstrated activity greater than that of ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, or enoxacin against pseudomon ... | 1993 | 8043036 |
| epidemiological typing of moraxella catarrhalis by using dna probes. | small-fragment restriction enzyme analysis and dna-dna hybridization were used to compare 60 strains of moraxella catarrhalis isolated from various geographic locations. restriction enzyme analysis with haeiii resulted in 46 different patterns, 7 of which were shared by more than one isolate. hybridizations with two dna probes resulted in 18 different patterns, 11 of which were shared by more than one isolate. strains with the same restriction enzyme pattern always had the same hybridization pat ... | 1993 | 8096219 |
| complement resistance in branhamella (moraxella) catarrhalis. | 1993 | 8098421 | |
| moraxella catarrhalis--an unusual pathogen in bacterial tracheitis. | we report a case of bacterial tracheitis caused by moraxella catarrhalis. we are unaware of any previous similar report from this country. | 1993 | 8106231 |
| in vitro antibacterial activities of pd 138312 and pd 140248, new fluoronaphthyridines with outstanding gram-positive potency. | pd 138312 and pd 140248 are new quinolones with high in vitro activities against a wide spectrum of bacterial species, notably including gram-positive isolates. the respective mics (in micrograms per milliliter) of pd 138312 and pd 140248 capable of inhibiting > or = 90% of the strains were < or = 0.06 and < or = 0.06 for oxacillin-susceptible and -resistant staphylococci, streptococci (including streptococcus pyogenes, s. agalactiae, s. pneumoniae, and viridans group streptococci), haemophilus ... | 1993 | 8109918 |
| in vitro activity of du-6859a, a new fluorocyclopropyl quinolone. | du-6859a was tested against 844 recent clinical isolates (most from bacteremias) by using reference mic determination procedures. the activity of du-6859a against members of the family enterobacteriaceae was comparable to that of ciprofloxacin (range of mics for 90% of isolates [mic90], < or = 0.015 to 1 microgram/ml), and the highest mics were observed among serratia marcescens and providencia rettgeri isolates. the du-6859a mic90 for pseudomonas aeruginosa and xanthomonas maltophilia was 0.5 m ... | 1993 | 8109948 |
| prediction of bacterial susceptibility to cefpodoxime by using the ceftriaxone minimum inhibitory concentration result. | the cross-resistance or cross-susceptibility of cefpodoxime and ceftriaxone for 3700 strains of enterobacteriaceae, oxacillin-susceptible staphylococci, streptococcus spp., haemophilus influenzae, moraxella catarrhalis, and neisseria gonorrhoeae was evaluated. with the exception of tests with enterobacter spp. and morganella morganii, the ceftriaxone minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) result interpretive criteria predicted bacterial susceptibility (or resistance) to cefpodoxime with an accep ... | 1993 | 8112047 |
| analysis in neisseria meningitidis and other neisseria species of genes homologous to the fkbp immunophilin family. | the immunophilin family of fk506-binding proteins (fkbps), involved in eukaryotic protein-folding and cell regulation, have recently been found to have prokaryotic homologues. genes with sequences homologous to those encoding human fkbps were examined in neisseria species. an fkbp dna sequence was present, as shown by the polymerase chain reaction and southern blotting experiments, in the chromosome of neisseria meningitidis (14 strains) and in all 11 different commensal neisseria spp. studied, ... | 1993 | 7968509 |
| the major heat-modifiable outer membrane protein cd is highly conserved among strains of branhamella catarrhalis. | the outer membrane of branhamella catarrhalis contains a major, heat-modifiable outer membrane protein called cd which has epitopes on the surface of the intact bacterium. the gene encoding cd was cloned and expressed in escherichia coli. the protein migrates in gels as a doublet, indicating that cd is encoded by single gene whose gene product has two stable conformations. the nucleotide sequence of the gene encoding cd was determined and shows homology with the oprf outer membrane protein of ps ... | 1993 | 7968522 |
| the interaction between human transferrin and transferrin binding protein 2 from moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis differs from that of other human pathogens. | the interaction between human transferrin and the transferrin binding proteins of moraxella catarrhalis was studied by binding and affinity isolation experiments with transferrin and its derivatives. competition binding experiments demonstrated that, compared to transferrin binding proteins in neisseria meningitidis, the receptors in m. catarrhalis were more effectively blocked by iron-saturated transferrin than by the apo form of the protein. a combination of direct binding experiments and affi ... | 1993 | 8007816 |
| [has branhamella catarrhalis a pathogenic role in mucoviscidosis?]. | 1993 | 8060214 | |
| adult bacterial nasopharyngitis: a clinical entity? | to investigate bacterial nasopharyngitis as a cause of adult upper respiratory infection. | 1993 | 8120682 |
| moraxella catarrhalis respiratory infection in adults. | moraxella catarrhalis (mc) is an upper respiratory tract commensal which may also be pathogenic. in this report we examined the clinical features, microbiology and therapeutic response in 30 consecutive adult patients with pneumonia who had mc isolated in the sputum. the mean age was 66 years with an equal sex ratio. most patients gave a history of cigarette smoking (77%) and had underlying pulmonary diseases (73%). dyspnea and productive cough were the most common complaints (87%). fever was a ... | 1993 | 8153687 |
| review of in vitro activity, pharmacokinetic characteristics, safety, and clinical efficacy of cefprozil, a new oral cephalosporin. | to review the pharmacokinetics, microbiology, clinical efficacy, safety, and tolerance of cefprozil, a new, broad-spectrum oral cephalosporin. | 1993 | 8219444 |
| efficacy and safety of clarithromycin compared to cefixime as outpatient treatment of lower respiratory tract infections. | clarithromycin is a new acid-stable, 14-membered macrolide active against many of the organisms responsible for lower respiratory tract infections. it has been administered to over 5,000 patients worldwide and has been shown to be a safe and effective treatment for acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis and bacterial pneumonia when given twice daily (250 to 500 mg). cefixime is an amino-thiazolyl cephalosporin with an extended spectrum of antibacterial activity inhibiting beta-lacta ... | 1993 | 8222794 |
| efficacy and tolerance of erythromycin acistrate in the treatment of acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis in the elderly. | this randomized, investigator-blind, parallel-group trial compared erythromycin acistrate (ea) and erythromycin base (eb) in the treatment of elderly patients with acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. in total, 57 hospitalized patients were included, of whom 28 received ea 400 mg three times daily, and 29 eb 500 mg three times daily for 10-21 days. the mean age of the patients was 70 and 68 years in the ea and eb groups, respectively. the patients underwent medical examination before the o ... | 1993 | 8222874 |
| cefdinir: in vitro activity study and effect of human serum. | the in-vitro activity of cefdinir (cl-983, fk482), an orally absorbed aminothiazole cephalosporin, was compared with that of penicillin, ampicillin, amoxycillin, amoxycillin/clavulanic acid (2/1), cefaclor, cefuroxime, cefixime, cefotaxime, vancomycin and erythromycin against 370 clinical isolates of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. cefdinir was highly active against staphylococcus aureus and s. epidermidis, inhibiting 90% of the strains at doses of 0.25 and 0.5 mg/l respectively. howev ... | 1993 | 8223142 |
| the activity of piperacillin/tazobactam against clinical isolates collected in 20 uk centres and the design of a disc test for susceptibility testing. | the in-vitro activities of piperacillin plus tazobactam at ratios of 4:1, 8:1 and 16:1 were determined against 952 non-copy clinical aerobic bacterial isolates collected from 20 uk centres. tazobactam enhanced the activity of piperacillin against enterobacteriaceae, staphylococcus aureus, haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis. no enhancement was noted for pseudomonas aeruginosa, other pseudomonas spp., streptococci and enterococci. for 95.6% of strains mics were either the same or onl ... | 1993 | 8226417 |
| recurrent urinary tract infection with haematuria caused by moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis. | 1993 | 8228313 | |
| a mutation affecting expression of a major outer membrane protein of moraxella catarrhalis alters serum resistance and survival in vivo. | a major outer membrane protein (copb) of moraxella catarrhalis is a target for antibodies that enhance clearance of this organism from the lungs of mice. a mini-tn10kan transposon was inserted into the cloned copb gene from m. catarrhalis o35e, and an isogenic mutant unable to express the copb protein was constructed by transforming this mutated gene into the wild-type strain. the mutant grew at the same rate as the wild-type parent strain in broth. unlike the serum-resistant parent strain, this ... | 1993 | 8228353 |
| in vitro activities of bay y3118, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, and fleroxacin against gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens from respiratory tract and soft tissue infections. | bay y3118 was highly active against moraxella catarrhalis, haemophilus influenzae, legionella pneumophila, escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, staphylococcus aureus (except quinolone-resistant, methicillin-resistant s. aureus), staphylococcus epidermidis, streptococcus pyogenes, streptococcus agalactiae, and streptococcus pneumoniae (mic for 90% of strains tested [mic90], 0.063 micrograms/ml). for enterococcus faecalis and corynebacterium jeikeium, mic90s were 4 and 2 micrograms/ml, respect ... | 1993 | 8239624 |
| in vitro activity of cefpodoxime compared with other oral cephalosporins tested against 5556 recent clinical isolates from five medical centers. | a multicenter study was conducted in which the in vitro activity of cefpodoxime (the active metabolite of the prodrug ester cefpodoxime proxetil) was compared with those of cefixime, cefuroxime, cefaclor, cefadroxil, and clarithromycin against 5556 recent clinical isolates. cefpodoxime demonstrated potent activity against members of the enterobacteriaceae, in particular against species generally resistant to the established oral cephalosporins such as proteus vulgaris [minimum inhibitory concent ... | 1993 | 8243035 |
| the north american component (the united states and canada) of an international comparative mic trial monitoring ofloxacin resistance. | common lots of reference mic (minimum inhibitory concentration) method reagents were used to monitor ofloxacin, a newer fluoroquinolone, and 13 other drugs against 3200 recent clinical isolates in february-april 1992. five medical centers in the united states and canada contributed 640 strains per facility as follows: escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus, coagulase-negative staphylococci, klebsiella spp., and pseudomonas aeruginosa (100 strains each); streptococcus pneumoniae (40 strains); an ... | 1993 | 8243037 |
| [clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of moraxella catarrhalis infections]. | moraxella catarrhalis is a gram-negative diplococcus of the neisseriaceae family now recognized as a cause of acute otitis media in pediatric patients and of lower respiratory tract infections in debilitated adults. the finding that 80% to 90% of strains produce beta-lactamases together with reports of cases of bacteremia and arthritis due to m. catarrhalis suggest an increasing pathogenic role for this organism. antibiotic susceptibility testing suggests that the greatest bactericidal effect is ... | 1993 | 8247636 |
| prevalence of bacterial respiratory pathogens in the nasopharynx in breast-fed versus formula-fed infants. | in several studies, breast-feeding has been associated with decreased frequency or duration of otitis media episodes. if a causal relationship exists, the mechanism of protection of breast-feeding has not been established. we hypothesized that infants who are breast-fed, compared with infants who are formula-fed, have a lower prevalence of nasopharyngeal colonization with the bacterial respiratory pathogens (streptococcus pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, moraxella catarrhalis, streptococcus p ... | 1993 | 8253964 |
| [antimicrobial activity of cefodizime against fresh clinical isolates]. | in order evaluate antimicrobial activities of cefodizime (cdzm), minimum inhibitory concentrations (mic's) of cdzm and other control drugs were determined against various clinical isolates, that were sent to our center from nation-wide medical institutions or were isolated and identified in our laboratory from various specimens of infected patients. the followings are a summary of the results: 1. bacterial species with no or few strains resistant to cephems including cdzm included streptococcus ... | 1993 | 8254888 |
| erythromycin, clarithromycin, and azithromycin: use of frequency distribution curves, scattergrams, and regression analyses to compare in vitro activities and describe cross-resistance. | mics of erythromycin, clarithromycin, and azithromycin for 852 recent clinical isolates were determined by broth microdilution methods. frequency distribution curves, scattergrams, and regression analyses were used to compare in vitro activities and describe cross-resistance. clarithromycin was the most active drug against bacteroides spp. but the least active against haemophilus influenzae. azithromycin was most active against h. influenzae, moraxella catarrhalis, pasteurella multocida, and fus ... | 1993 | 8257127 |
| antimicrobial activity of dv-7751a, a new fluoroquinolone. | we compared the in vitro antibacterial activity of dv-7751a against gram-positive and -negative bacteria with those of quinolones currently available. mics for 90% of the strains tested (mic90s) against clinical isolates of methicillin-susceptible and -resistant staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcus epidermidis were 0.20, 0.39, 0.20, and 0.78 micrograms/ml, respectively. moreover, mic50s for dv-7751a against ofloxacin-resistant methicillin-resistant s. aureus were 4-, 8-, 16-, 32-, and 64-fol ... | 1993 | 8257132 |
| significance, isolation, identification and sensitivity of branhaemella (moraxella) catarrhalis. | in a study lasting over two years the frequency and sensitivity of moraxella catarrhalis causing respiratory tract infections were studied. sputum samples from patients with lower respiratory tract infections were screened for moraxella catarrhalis. the organisms isolated identified and their sensitivity determined by simple methods which are practicable. the study shows that 22.4% of the infections were due to moraxella catarrhalis and 98% of the isolates were sensitive to amoxicillin-culvanali ... | 1993 | 8264093 |
| branhamella catarrhalis pathogenesis in scid and scid/beige mice. brief report. | scid and scid/beige mice were used to study the pathogenesis of b. catarrhalis administered by intranasal, intraperitoneal or intravenous routes. challenged adult animals did not appear overtly clinically ill. similar symptoms were observed regardless of the challenge route, and pretreatment of mice with human transferrin did not enhance clinical virulence. susceptibility to b. catarrhalis appeared to be age-dependent as some mice under one week of age died following challenge. postmortem findin ... | 1993 | 8267959 |
| double-blind, comparative study of rufloxacin once daily versus amoxicillin three times a day in treatment of outpatients with exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. | in a double-blind, randomized, multicenter study, the efficacy and safety of two dosage schedules of rufloxacin once daily were compared with those of amoxicillin three times a day in the treatment of 192 outpatients with exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. rufloxacin was given as a single oral dose of 400 mg on day 1 and single daily doses of 200 mg on the subsequent 9 days (n = 64) or as 300 mg on day 1 and then 150 mg daily for 9 days (n = 63); amoxicillin was given as 500 mg orally three ti ... | 1993 | 8285609 |
| in vitro activity of bay y 3118, a new quinolone. | mics of bay y 3118, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, clarithromycin, azithromycin, cefuroxime, amoxicillin-clavulanate, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for 878 recent clinical isolates were determined by broth microdilution methods. among the three quinolones, bay y 3118 was the most active against haemophilus influenzae, moraxella catarrhalis, acinetobacter baumannii, xanthomonas maltophilia, gram-positive cocci, and anaerobes; mics for 50% of the strains (mic50s) and mic90s were < or = 0.015 and < ... | 1993 | 8285618 |
| the role of ph in modified elisa procedures used for the estimation of functional antibody affinity. | solid phase assays for the measurement of functional antibody affinity are increasingly being used in both clinical and research settings. the majority of such assays employ a chemical reagent to disturb antibody binding but relatively little is known about the properties of such reagents and the basis of their effect on antigen-antibody binding. we have evaluated the diethylamine (dea) elisa procedure for the measurement of functional antibody affinity in two independent assays, one for functio ... | 1993 | 8288881 |
| clarithromycin: where do we go from here? | clarithromycin is a new macrolide with a broad spectrum of activity against gram-positive cocci, haemophilus influenzae, moraxella catarrhalis, mycoplasma, chlamydia and selected mycobacteria, legionella and protozoa. the drug has a half-life of more than 4 hours and thus can be administered in a twice daily schedule. clarithromycin is well-tolerated in children and adults and produces fewer gastrointestinal side effects than erythromycin. high concentrations of the drug are achieved in plasma a ... | 1993 | 8295817 |
| [pharmacokinetic, bacteriological and clinical studies on s-1108 in children]. | pharmacokinetic, bacteriological and clinical studies on s-1108 were performed in children. the results were as follows: 1. a total of 11 patients were treated with s-1108. each dose was 3 mg/kg, orally administered 3 times daily for 4-14 days. the clinical efficacies of s-1108 in 10 patients with bacterial infections (1 with bacteremia, 4 with pneumonia, 1 with acute maxillary sinusitis, 1 with scarlet fever and 2 with streptococcal pharyngitis) were evaluated as excellent in 8 patients and as ... | 1993 | 8309071 |
| [laboratory and clinical studies on s-1108 in the pediatric field]. | laboratory and clinical studies on s-1108, a new oral cephem antibiotic, were carried out to evaluate its usefulness at a dose between 2 and 4 mg/kg a day for 7 to 14 days in the pediatric field. 1) pharmacokinetic studies s-1108 at a dose of 2 mg/kg was administered to evaluate the pharmacokinetic parameters in 1 subject. cmax, t1/2 and auc were 0.69 hour, 1.42 hours and 2.15 micrograms.hr/ml, respectively. 2) antimicrobial activities mics against various clinically isolated organisms (staphylo ... | 1993 | 8309073 |
| [pharmacokinetic and clinical studies of s-1108 in the pediatric field]. | pharmacokinetic and clinical studies on s-1108, a new oral cephem antibiotic, were performed in the field pediatrics. the following results were obtained. 1) antibacterial activities antibacterial activities of s-1006, the active form of s-1108, were studied against clinically isolated strains of (staphylococcus aureus (n = 5), streptococcus pneumoniae (n = 6), streptococcus pyogenes (n = 3), haemophilus influenzae (n = 8), branhamella catarrhalis (n = 5) and haemophilus parainfluenzae (n = 2). ... | 1993 | 8309075 |
| efficacy of clarithromycin vs. amoxicillin/clavulanate in the treatment of acute maxillary sinusitis. | a new macrolide drug, clarithromycin (biaxin) was compared with amoxicillin/clavulanate (augmentin) in a single-blind (investigator-blind), randomized, multicenter study of 497 outpatients with acute maxillary sinusitis; treatment was 500 mg clarithromycin bid (n = 246) or 500 mg amoxicillin/clavulanate tid (n = 251). pathogens included streptococcus pneumoniae in 22% of patients, staphylococcus aureus in 16%, haemophilus influenzae in 10%, and moraxella catarrhalis in 7%. for evaluable patients ... | 1993 | 8313865 |
| [parenteral cephalosporins for the treatment of lower respiratory tract infections]. | in most cases of respiratory tract infection, antibiotic therapy has to be initiated before the results of microbiological examination are available. the four most common pathogens of acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis are pneumococci, haemophilus influenzae, moraxella catarrhalis and staphylococcus aureus. pneumococci are the predominant pathogens of community-acquired pneumonia, followed by h. influenzae and staphylococci. legionella, mycoplasma and chlamydia vary in frequency according ... | 1993 | 8314290 |
| [moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis. a common pathogenic agent]. | moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis, a commensal organism of the oropharyngeal flora, has been considered a potential pathogen since the early 1970s, mainly causing otitis in infants and exacerbations of chronic bronchitis in the elderly or in immunosuppressed adults. this view was initially based on the isolation of m. catarrhalis during infections: a density of at least 10(7)/ml of sputum, particularly when it exceeds that of other organisms by at least 100-fold, is considered to indicate the ... | 1993 | 8316533 |
| fever and neutropenia: bacterial etiology revealed by serological methods. | in a prospective study, 91 episodes of fever in neutropenic children with cancer were evaluated. fifteen episodes were septicemias, verified by a positive blood culture, 62 were fevers of unknown origin, 6 were focal infections and 8 were of other etiologies (i.e. drug fevers and viral infections). serum antibody responses to bacteria were measured in paired sera by an enzyme immunoassay method. bacterial infection was demonstrated serologically in 20% of documented septicemias, in 35% of fevers ... | 1993 | 8318802 |
| effect of immunization of pulmonary clearance of moraxella catarrhalis in an animal model. | a murine model for pulmonary clearance of moraxella catarrhalis was used to determine whether immunization could enhance clearance of this organism from the lungs. animals actively immunized with outer membrane vesicles of m. catarrhalis cleared an endobronchial challenge with the homologous strain more quickly than did sham-immunized control animals. western blot analysis of both this immune mouse serum and rabbit antiserum raised against outer membrane vesicles of m. catarrhalis indicated that ... | 1993 | 8335988 |
| [efficacy of fibronectin on opsonic activity by alveolar macrophage and experimental rat pneumonia]. | the opsonic activity of plasma fibronectin (fn) by rat alveolar macrophage (am) was examined, and the in vivo effect of fn in staphylococcus aureus (s. aureus) experimental rat pneumonia was evaluated. the chemiluminescence response of am was enhanced by the presence of fn (300 micrograms/ml) in s. aureus and streptococcus pneumoniae, but was not enhanced in gram-negative rods (haemophilus influenzae, branhamella catarrhalis, pseudomonas aeruginosa). fn (300 micrograms/ml) promoted the phagocyto ... | 1993 | 8336012 |
| polyphasic taxonomy leading to the proposal of moraxella canis sp. nov. for moraxella catarrhalis-like strains. | the taxonomic position of a group of 16 moraxella catarrhalis-like strains, isolated mainly from dogs, was examined by using morphological tests, biochemical tests, serology, ribotyping with oligonucleotide probes, polymerase chain reaction typing of the 16s rrna gene and the 16s-23s rrna gene spacer region, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of total proteins, fatty acid profiles, moles percent g+c, dot spot and in-solution dna-dna hybridizations, and dna-rrna hybridizations. it was found that ... | 1993 | 8347504 |
| evaluation of amoxicillin clavulanate twice daily versus thrice daily in the treatment of otitis media in children. danish-swedish study group. | a total of 311 children who had recurrent otitis media or who had experienced failure of initial treatment of acute otitis media with phenoxymethylpenicillin, amoxicillin, ampicillin esters or cefaclor were entered into a single-blind study in two parallel groups in order to compare the clinical efficacy and safety of amoxicillin/clavulanate suspension given b.i.d. or t.i.d. for seven days. the patients were examined prior to the start of treatment, at an early follow-up visit 9 to 12 days after ... | 1993 | 8354296 |
| in vitro antimicrobial activity of tioconazole and its concentrations in vaginal fluids following topical (vagistat-1 6.5%) application. | in vitro assays demonstrated that clinical yeasts were significantly more inhibited by tioconazole (mic50, < or = 0.5 microgram/ml) than by fluconazole (mic50, 8 micrograms/ml). tioconazole also exhibited high potency against most molds (alterneria spp. and acremonium spp.). all candida tropicalis isolates had mics of 8 micrograms/ml, four-fold greater than any other candida spp. generally gram-negative bacteria were less susceptible to tioconazole. moraxella catarrhalis (mic90, 2 micrograms/ml) ... | 1993 | 8359005 |
| in vitro susceptibility test practices with haemophilus influenzae among college of american pathologists survey participants in the united states. | questionnaire results from 5233 clinical microbiology laboratories participating in the college of american pathologists (cap) survey program in the united states were used to establish current standards of practice with respect to in vitro susceptibility testing of haemophilus influenzae. the results of this cap survey indicated that the recently developed national committee for clinical laboratory standards (nccls) guidelines for h. influenzae susceptibility tests have been widely adopted, par ... | 1993 | 8359008 |
| [antimicrobial activity of clarithromycin and its effect on bacterial adherence to medical material]. | antimicrobial activity of clarithromycin (cam) in comparison with other 6 macrolides was determined against 419 recent clinical isolates including streptococci, enterococci, staphylococci, moraxella, haemophilus and bacteroides strains. mics80's of cam against streptococcus pneumoniae, streptococcus pyogenes and streptococcus agalactiae were 0.78, 0.10 and 0.10 microgram/ml, respectively. mics80's against moraxella catarrhalis and haemophilus influenzae were 0.05 and 1.56 micrograms/ml, respecti ... | 1993 | 8360978 |
| erythromycin treatment is beneficial for longstanding moraxella catarrhalis associated cough in children. | the benefits of antibiotic treatment and a nasopharyngeal culture in children with longstanding cough were analysed in a prospective randomized open study. clinically suspected pertussis was excluded. of 40 children given erythromycin for 7 days, 35 (88%) recovered in one week, compared with 17/47 (36%) untreated (p < 0.0001). erythromycin eliminated moraxella catarrhalis from the nasopharynx in 21/31 children (68%), compared with spontaneous disappearance in 7/35 (20%) untreated controls (p < 0 ... | 1993 | 8362228 |
| susceptibility of respiratory tract pathogens in finland to cefixime and nine other antimicrobial agents. | the in vitro activity of cefixime and 9 other orally used antimicrobial agents against 545 selected clinical respiratory tract pathogens was tested using the plate-dilution method. of the strains tested, 144 were haemophilus influenzae strains, 151 group a streptococci, 105 pneumococci and 145 moraxella catarrhalis isolates. ciprofloxacin was the most active drug, with a minimal inhibitory concentration (mic) of < 0.06 mg/l for more than 87% of the isolates. with cefixime, a mic of 0.06 mg/l inh ... | 1993 | 8362234 |
| branhamella (moraxella) catarrhalis endophthalmitis. | 1993 | 8363458 | |
| the interaction of primate transferrins with receptors on bacteria pathogenic to humans. | the binding of primate transferrins by receptors in the human pathogens neisseria meningitidis, moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis, and haemophilus influenzae was assessed and compared with the binding of anti-human transferrin monoclonal antibodies by primate transferrins. in competitive binding assays the three pathogens showed identical specificity for primate transferrins. only human, gorilla, chimpanzee and orangutan sera were capable of blocking binding of labelled human transferrin. dire ... | 1993 | 8366816 |
| [bacteriological, pharmacokinetic and clinical studies of cefditoren pivoxil in the pediatric field]. | bacteriological, pharmacokinetic and clinical studies on cefditoren pivoxil (cdtr-pi, me 1207) in granules, a new oral cephalosporin, were performed in the field of pediatrics. the results are summarized below. 1. antibacterial activities: antibacterial activities of cdtr were studied against staphylococcus aureus, streptococcus pneumoniae, streptococcus pyogenes, haemophilus influenzae, haemophilus parainfluenzae and branhamella catarrhalis in comparison with those of cefteram (cftm), cefixime ... | 1993 | 8371496 |
| susceptibility survey of piperacillin alone and in the presence of tazobactam. | among 325 fresh isolates of bacteria from 153 hospital patients with serious infections, 142 were susceptible to piperacillin, 129 were resistant and a further 54 exhibited a marked inoculum effect. tazobactam restored the susceptibility of resistant isolates of staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcus epidermidis (except methicillin-resistant isolates), haemophilus influenzae, moraxella catarrhalis, acinetobacter spp. and bacteroides fragilis. among 87 enterobacteriaceae that were resistant to ... | 1993 | 8383653 |
| antimicrobial activity and spectrum of rifaximin, a new topical rifamycin derivative. | rifaximin, a rifamycin derivative, was evaluated in vitro to assess its spectrum and potency against a wide variety of bacteria, yeasts, viruses, and parasites. high concentrations of rifaximin were often used to reflect topically achieved levels since this compound is poorly absorbed by oral route. like rifampin, rifaximin possessed best activity against staphylococcus spp. (mic50 < or = 0.015 microgram/ml), streptococcus spp. (mic50s, < or = 0.03-0.12 microgram/ml), enterococcus spp. (mic50s, ... | 1993 | 8385592 |
| importance of beta-lactamase stability in treating today's respiratory tract infections. | in respiratory tract infections streptococcus pneumoniae, moraxella catarrhalis, haemophilus influenzae and klebsiella spp. are the most frequently encountered bacterial pathogens. resistance of clinical s. pneumoniae isolates is known to be independent of beta-lactamase production, whereas resistance of the other species mentioned is due to beta-lactamase production. with respect to m. catarrhalis the first beta-lactamase-producing (bla+) isolate was detected in clinical specimens in 1976 and n ... | 1993 | 8386847 |
| changes in adherence of respiratory pathogens to hep-2 cells induced by subinhibitory concentrations of sparfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and trimethoprim. | preincubation with subinhibitory concentrations of sparfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and trimethoprim decreased the adherence of the respiratory pathogens klebsiella pneumoniae, haemophilus influenzae, and moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis to human larynx carcinoma hep-2 cells. subinhibitory concentrations of sparfloxacin did not change the adherence of pseudomonas aeruginosa or streptococcus pneumoniae 15.62, but adhesion of s. pneumoniae 15.42 was significantly enhanced by subinhibitory antimicro ... | 1993 | 8388203 |
| in vitro activity of e-4868, a new trifluoroquinolone, compared to six similar compounds. | the compound e-4868 (laboratorios dr. esteve) is a trifluoro, 7-azetidinyl quinolone with properties resembling those of other fluoroquinolones. its activity in vitro was compared to that of six other similar drugs against more than 700 nosocomial isolates using standard methods. the mic50s of e-4868 for enteric bacilli ranged from 0.015 to 0.25 micrograms/ml, being highest for providencia spp. pseudomonas aeruginosa strains were two-fold more susceptible to e-4868 than to ofloxacin. mics of e-4 ... | 1993 | 8388792 |
| the in-vitro activity of opc-17116, a new 5-methyl substituted quinolone. | the in-vitro activity of the new 5-methylated fluoroquinolone opc-17116 was compared with that of other fluoroquinolines and beta-lactams against a total of 690 bacterial strains. with the exception of klebsiella and serratia spp., 90% of the enterobacteriaceae were inhibited by 0.25 mg/l. opc-17116 inhibited 90% of serratia spp. at 8 mg/l and klebsiella spp. at 4 mg/l. moraxella catarrhalis and haemophilus influenzae were highly susceptible (mic90 < or = 0.03 mg/l). pseudomonas aeruginosa were ... | 1993 | 8390433 |
| a single-blind comparison of three-day azithromycin and ten-day co-amoxiclav treatment of acute lower respiratory tract infections. | the efficacy and safety of a three-day regimen of azithromycin (500 mg od) and a ten-day regimen of co-amoxiclav (625 mg tid) were compared in a single-blind study in 99 patients with acute lower respiratory tract infections. of these, 70 (71%) suffered an infective exacerbation of their chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. nine patients had pneumonia and 19 purulent bronchitis. treatment success, defined as cure or improvement, occurred in 43 of 48 (90%) patients in the azithromycin group, co ... | 1993 | 8396086 |
| regions located in both the n-lobe and c-lobe of human lactoferrin participate in the binding interaction with bacterial lactoferrin receptors. | as a first step in localizing the regions of human lactoferrin involved in binding to bacterial lactoferrin receptors, n-lobe and c-lobe fragments were assessed for binding to receptors on neisseria meningitidis, neisseria gonorrhoeae and moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis. preparations of n-lobe and c-lobe were obtained by tryptic digestion of iron-loaded human lactoferrin followed by separation of the two lobes by gel exclusion chromatography in 10% acetic acid. solid phase binding studies de ... | 1993 | 8396192 |
| haemophilus test medium versus mueller-hinton broth with lysed horse blood for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of four bacterial species. | studies were undertaken to determine whether broth microdilution susceptibility tests could be standardized by using a single medium for testing fastidious respiratory pathogens. mueller-hinton broth with lysed horse blood and the broth version of haemophilus test medium (htm) were directly compared. ten orally administered agents were found to give essentially identical results in both media but minor differences were noted. because the test are easier to read when htm broth is used, that mediu ... | 1993 | 8404918 |
| pneumonia in the elderly. special considerations in a special population. | bacterial infections of the lower respiratory tract in the elderly may not be as atypical in presentation as traditional wisdom once held. recent studies indicate that more than one in three elderly patients have fever, cough, and leukocytosis; nevertheless, some elderly patients present with none of the features typically associated with pneumonia. an important and consistent clinical difference between younger and older patients is the broader range of bacterial respiratory pathogens found in ... | 1993 | 8415335 |
| microbiologic and clinical aspects of a trial of once daily cefixime compared with twice daily cefaclor for treatment of acute otitis media in infants and children. | in this randomized, investigator-blinded multicenter study, tympanocentesis for acute otitis media with effusion in 137 ears from 108 children, 6 months to 12 years of age, revealed 84 definite pathogens and 32 potential pathogens. twenty-nine aspirates from 23 subjects were sterile. of the 116 isolates 42 (36%) were streptococcus pneumoniae, 24 (21%) were haemophilus influenzae, 9 (8%) were moraxella catarrhalis, 9 (8%) were streptococcus pyogenes and 1 (1%) was staphylococcus aureus. twenty-tw ... | 1993 | 8417428 |
| review of cefixime in the treatment of otitis media in infants and children. | during the past decade there has been an increase in the percentage of resistant bacteria isolated from middle-ear effusions aspirated from infants and children who have had acute otitis media. at least nine oral antibiotics or combination agents are available for this indication. cefixime, a third generation cephalosporin, has excellent in vitro activity against both beta-lactamase-negative and beta-lactamase-positive haemophilus influenzae and moraxella catarrhalis, good activity against strep ... | 1993 | 8417430 |
| acute conjunctivitis in childhood. | we obtained specimens for culture from the lids and conjunctivae of 95 patients with acute conjunctivitis and 91 control children of similar age and, in addition, stained the conjunctival scrapings with giemsa and gram stains. the conjunctivitis was attributed to bacterial infection in 76 patients, viral infection in 12 children, and allergy in 2 patients; no cause was identified in the remaining 5 patients. in most cases the etiologic diagnosis was based on the results of laboratory studies. by ... | 1993 | 8419593 |
| subperiosteal orbital abscess in children: diagnosis, microbiology, and management. | a chart review was undertaken of 30 patients who were presented to children's hospital of pittsburgh from 1983 to 1990 and underwent surgical management for suspected subperiosteal abscess of the orbit (spa). all patients had preoperative computerized tomography (ct) scans. twenty-seven of 30 ct scans were reevaluated, of which 20 (74%) demonstrated findings consistent with or suggestive of spa. opacified sinuses were seen in 100% of this study group. abscess collections were found in 21 patient ... | 1993 | 8421416 |
| outbreak of moraxella catarrhalis in a respiratory unit. | the clinical and epidemiological features of an outbreak of nosocomial moraxella catarrhalis infection in a respiratory unit are described. six isolates from five patients were shown to be indistinguishable by immunoblotting and restriction endonuclease analysis and different from 11 other, unrelated clinical strains. | 1993 | 8434362 |
| ro 23-9424, a new cephalosporin 3'-quinolone: in-vitro antimicrobial activity and tentative disc diffusion interpretive criteria. | the susceptibility of 410 clinical bacterial isolates to ro 23-9424, a novel cephalosporin 3'-quinolone, was determined. overall, 97% of enterobacteriaceae and 100% of staphylococci were inhibited by < or = 8.0 mg/l of ro 23-9424. only 60% of pseudomonas aeruginosa and 80-90% of pseudomonas spp. and xanthomonas maltophilia were inhibited by this concentration. enterococci and listeria monocytogenes were resistant to ro 23-9424. clinical isolates of moraxella catarrhalis, streptococcus spp., and ... | 1993 | 8444677 |
| efficacy of fleroxacin versus amoxicillin in acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. | in a multicenter study the efficacy and safety of oral fleroxacin at 400 mg once a day and amoxicillin at 500 mg three times daily for 7 days were compared for the treatment of patients with acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis due to drug-susceptible bacteria. a total of 194 patients were enrolled, 102 in the fleroxacin group and 92 in the amoxicillin group. of those enrolled, 22 in the fleroxacin group and 30 (29 for clinical efficacy) in the amoxicillin group were included in t ... | 1993 | 8452169 |
| treatment recommendations for respiratory tract infections associated with aging. | age-related changes, for example reduced elasticity and earlier airways collapse, predispose the elderly to respiratory infection. other factors such as a lifetime of smoking, the use of hypnotics, or the development of stroke also predispose. pneumonia becomes increasingly common with advancing age, and both morbidity and mortality increase with associated disease burden. diagnosis of pneumonia may be more difficult in the aged because of physiological changes. however, careful physical examina ... | 1993 | 8453184 |
| acute myeloid leukaemia presenting with acute branhamella catarrhalis epiglottitis. | acute supraglottic laryngitis and epiglottitis is increasingly recognised in adults. we present a case in which the condition was the presenting feature of acute myeloid leukaemia and in which branhamella catarrhalis was the causative organism. | 1993 | 8454895 |
| erythromycin in acute laryngitis in adults. | moraxella catarrhalis and hemophilus influenzae are isolated from the nasopharynx in 50% to 55% and 8% to 15%, respectively, of cases of acute laryngitis in adults. this finding indicates that these organisms, m catarrhalis in particular, are in some way involved in the pathogenesis of the disorder. in the present double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, the effect of erythromycin ethylsuccinate (0.5 g twice a day for 5 days) on the elimination of nasopharyngeal pathogens and reduction of clinica ... | 1993 | 8457123 |
| global surveillance of bacterial susceptibility to cefaclor: 1988-1990. | in vitro data on bacterial susceptibility to cefaclor were collected from clinical trials conducted in 15 european countries, south africa, canada, and the united states. among the respiratory pathogens, 94% of haemophilus influenzae, 98.6% of streptococcus pneumoniae, 98.8% of streptococcus pyogenes, and 98.1% of moraxella catarrhalis were susceptible to cefaclor. over 90% of the tested isolates of the most common urinary tract pathogen, escherichia coli, were susceptible to cefaclor. virtually ... | 1993 | 8458058 |
| characterization of bro enzymes and beta-lactamase transfer of moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis isolated in japan. | of the 68 strains of beta-lactamase-producing moraxella (branhamella) catarrhalis isolated in japan that were studied, 62 (91%) produced the bro-1-type beta-lactamase and 6 (9%) produced the bro-2 type. there were no strains containing the bro-3-type beta-lactamase. we compared the susceptibility of bro-1- and bro-2-producing strains to various oral beta-lactam antibiotics. we found that the bro-1-producing strains were less susceptible than the bro-2-producing strains. although the bro-1 and br ... | 1993 | 8458251 |