Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| identification of the pseudorabies virus promoter required for latency-associated transcript gene expression in the natural host. | expression of the latency-associated transcript (lat) gene is a hallmark of alphaherpesvirus latency, and yet its control and function remain an enigma. resolution of this problem will require verification and subsequent elimination or disabling of elements regulating lat gene transcription so that the influence of the resultant rna can be evaluated. toward this end, we generated a novel pseudorabies virus (prv) recombinant in which a 282-bp region containing the lap1 (first latency-active promo ... | 2000 | 10864643 |
| [development of immunoenzyme methods for detecting antibodies to aujeszky's disease virus gb glycoprotein in swine serum]. | four elisa methods have been developed for detecting antibodies to aujeszky's disease virus (adv) glycoprotein gb. indirect elisa is based on affinity-purified gb (affi-gb-elisa); three blocking elisas: indirect blocking elisa (lbgb-elisa), direct blocking elisa (db-gb-elisa), and two-site "sandwich" elisa (sb-gb-elisa) are based on monoclonal antibodies to conservative immunodominant epitopes of gb. the specificities and sensitivities of elisas were compared with each other and with indirect el ... | 2000 | 10867996 |
| infection of pigs by aujeszky's disease virus via the breath of intranasally inoculated pigs. | aujeszky's disease is a worldwide problem in the pig industry. in this experiment, four pigs chosen to act as shedder pigs were intranasally infected with aujeszky's disease virus. next, on three consecutive days, eight recipient pigs were exposed to the breath of a pair of shedder pigs via a mask-to-mask module. except for the virtual absence of cns signs, shedder pigs expressed clinical signs that were similar to pigs infected naturally or experimentally. only mild respiratory signs occurred i ... | 2000 | 10877966 |
| evaluation and validation of virus removal by ultrafiltration during the production of diaspirin crosslinked haemoglobin (dclhb). | virus retention during ultrafiltration through a/g technology filter cartridges was investigated to characterize the removal process and validate the degree of virus titre reduction during the filtration of red blood cell haemolysates performed as part of the production of diaspirin crosslinked haemoglobin (dclhb). when viruses were suspended in phosphate buffered saline solution, retention was greater with larger sized viruses and smaller filter pore size. virus titre was maintained at starting ... | 2000 | 10885615 |
| corrigendum to "a dna vaccine coding for glycoprotein b of pseudorabies virus induces cell-mediated immunity in pigs and reduces virus excretion early after infection" | 2000 | 10889307 | |
| a highly specific and sensitive sandwich blocking elisa based on baculovirus expressed pseudorabies virus glycoprotein b. | a direct sandwich blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (bacgb elisa) based on the reaction between a monoclonal antibody (mab) and a recombinant glycoprotein b (gb) of pseudorabies virus (prv) was developed. this protein was obtained in large quantities from insect cells infected with a prv gb recombinant baculovirus. expression of the gb was confirmed by immunoperoxidase monolayer assay (ipma) with gb specific mabs. the specificity and sensitivity of the developed bacgb elisa were evaluat ... | 2000 | 10921843 |
| detection of porcine enteroviruses by nrt-pcr: differentiation of cpe groups i-iii with specific primer sets. | porcine enteroviruses (pev) comprising at least 13 serotypes grouped into three species are described as causative agents of neurological disorders, fertility disorders, and dermal lesions of swine. despite their well-documented acid stability, enteric infection route, and similarity of clinical symptoms, most of the porcine enterovirus (pev) serotypes are set apart from the genus enterovirus of the picornaviridae. hence, pcr procedures used commonly to detect enteroviruses are not applicable to ... | 2000 | 10960708 |
| effects of a porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection on the development of the immune response against pseudorabies virus. | the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) infection on the development of the immune response after pseudorabies virus (prv) vaccination in pigs. pigs were intranasally inoculated with the european prrsv strain, lelystad virus ter huurne, and were vaccinated intramuscularly with prv 2 weeks later (lv-prv group). control pigs were vaccinated with prv only (prv group). eight weeks after prv vaccination, pigs from both grou ... | 2000 | 10973691 |
| immunogenic properties of a bovine herpesvirus-1 (bhv-1) recombinant expressing major pseudorabies virus (prv) glycoproteins in combination. | a recombinant bovine herpesvirus type 1 (bhv-1), designated bhv-1/tf17-1, which expresses pseudorabies virus (prv) glycoproteins gb, gc, gd, ge and gi in combination was constructed. to test the protective immunity, 10 mice were inoculated with bhv-1/tf17-1 and three weeks later 10 mice were intraperitoneally (i.p.) challenged with 20 ld50 virulent prv (ys-81). bhv-1/tf17-1 protected all the mice from the prv lethal challenge while all the control mice died in around 3 days. mice vaccinated with ... | 2000 | 10993182 |
| comparison of serologic testing and slaughter evaluation for assessing the effects of subclinical infection on growth in pigs. | to compare serologic testing with slaughter evaluation in assessing effects of subclinical infection on average daily weight gain (adg) in pigs. | 2000 | 10997163 |
| rapid diagnosis of pseudorabies virus infection in swine tissues using the polymerase chain reaction (pcr). | in argentina pseudorabies is an endemic disease. routine diagnosis is made by virus isolation. it is a very long procedure to carry out and gives variable results depending on the quality of sample, hence the need for effective techniques, which are rapid and not dependent on the isolation of infectious virus. the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) technique has provided a sensitive, specific and rapid mean to detect dna sequences. this study describes a pcr method for detection of pseudorabies vir ... | 2000 | 11008701 |
| replication and virulence of early protein 0 and long latency transcript deficient mutants of the aujeszky's disease (pseudorabies) virus. | early protein 0 (ep0)-deficient recombinant aujeszky's disease viruses, ka-ep0lac and ba-ep0lac derived from strains kaplan and bartha, respectively, were constructed to explore the impact of the mutation on replication, virulence and latency of the virus. inactivation of the ep0 gene resulted in a mutation of long latency transcript (cheung et al., 1991) that is located on the complementary dna strand of ep0 and immediate early protein (ie)175 genes. in infection of immortalized porcine kidney ... | 2000 | 11018448 |
| primary envelopment of pseudorabies virus at the nuclear membrane requires the ul34 gene product. | primary envelopment of several herpesviruses has been shown to occur by budding of intranuclear capsids through the inner nuclear membrane. by subsequent fusion of the primary envelope with the outer nuclear membrane, capsids are released into the cytoplasm and gain their final envelope by budding into vesicles in the trans-golgi area. we show here that the product of the ul34 gene of pseudorabies virus, an alphaherpesvirus of swine, is localized in transfected and infected cells in the nuclear ... | 2000 | 11024135 |
| a comparative study of pseudorabies virus (prv) strains with defects in thymidine kinase and glycoprotein genes. | in the course of two experiments, an examination was made of the virulence and neuroinvasiveness for pigs of two pseudorabies virus mutants (strain 6c2tk(-), with a defect in thymidine kinase (tk) function; and strain 6c2tk(-), gi(-)/ge(-), with defects in tk and glycoproteins i and e) and of the wild-type parent strain (86/27v). at various times after intranasal inoculation, pigs were killed and samples of tonsil, lung and different levels of the trigeminal and olfactory nervous pathways were e ... | 2000 | 11032669 |
| a serological survey on classical swine fever (csf), aujeszky's disease (ad) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (prrs) virus infections in french wild boars from 1991 to 1998. | in early 1992, a csf epizootic was clinically recognised in a wild boar population of approximately 1300 animals within an area of 250km(2) located in the east of france. in order to check the csf situation in wild boars outside this area, a serological survey was carried out in the rest of france, for 8 consecutive years (1991-1998). this paper reports on the results obtained during this survey which included wild boars shot during the hunting period but also boars reared within fences. around ... | 2000 | 11042399 |
| induction of porcine cytokine mrna expression after dna immunization and pseudorabies virus infection. | injection of plasmid dna encoding pseudorabies virus (prv) glycoprotein into pig muscle has been shown to result in protective immunity against lethal infection. here, pigs were vaccinated by a single coinjection of three plasmids encoding prv glycoproteins gb, gc, and gd, with plasmid expressing porcine granulocytemacrophage colony-stimulating factor (gm-csf) or porcine interferon-alpha (ifn-alpha). dna immunization induced a primary t cell-mediated response characterized by low rates of ifn-ga ... | 2000 | 11054277 |
| in vitro and in vivo effects of an immunomodulator composed of escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide and propionibacterium granulosum-inactivated cells in pigs. | the in vitro cytokine profiles of porcine alveolar macrophages and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) were examined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay after stimulation with the immunomodulatory compound inmd [lipopolysaccharide (lps) and propionibacterium granulosum]. expression of interleukin-1 (il-1), il-6, il-12 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-alpha), but not of il-10, was detected in inmd-stimulated alveolar macrophages. stim ... | 2000 | 11075550 |
| pseudorabies virus and the functional architecture of the circadian timing system. | transneuronal tracing of neuronal circuitry with neurotropic viruses has provided valuable insights in the way in which the nervous system imposes temporal organization on physiological processes and behavior. the swine alpha herpes virus known as pseudorabies virus, or prv, has been particularly useful in this regard. early studies identified attenuated mutants with selective tropism for visual circuitry involved in circadian regulation, and subsequent experiments employing this virus have prov ... | 2000 | 11106062 |
| t helper 1-type cytokine transcription in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of pseudorabies virus (suid herpesvirus 1)-primed swine indicates efficient immunization. | the induction of porcine cytokines, which are believed to be important for the regulation of t helper (th)1- and th2-specific immune responses of pigs, was analysed after in vitro restimulation with a herpesvirus, suid herpes 1 (pseudorabies virus [prv]), in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc). to this end, quantitative, competitive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-qcpcr) was established using constructed heterologous dna mimics, which contain cytokine- or glyceraldehyde ... | 2000 | 11106942 |
| sero-surveillance of wild boar in the netherlands, 1996-1999. | from 1996 to 1999, blood samples were collected from wild boar shot during the hunting season in crown properties, national parks and the free wildlife belt in the netherlands. sera were screened for the presence of antibodies against classical swine fever virus (csfv), swine vesicular disease virus (svdv), aujeszky's disease virus (adv) and trichinella spiralis. the results of the sero-surveillance system indicate that csfv, svdv and adv are uncommon within the wild boar population. hence, the ... | 2000 | 11107628 |
| the inactivation of foot and mouth disease, aujeszky's disease and classical swine fever viruses in pig slurry. | the aim of the study was to investigate the decontamination of pig slurry containing exotic viruses of pigs, foot and mouth disease virus (fmdv), aujeszky's disease virus (adv) and classical swine fever virus (csfv). laboratory-scale decontamination experiments showed that fmdv, adv and csfv were heat inactivated in slurry within 3 min at 67 degrees c, 3 min at 62 degrees c and 3 min at 60 degrees c and in glasgow eagles medium within 5 min at 67 degrees c, 4 min at 65 degrees c and 2 min at 65 ... | 2000 | 11119149 |
| induction and inhibition of apoptosis by pseudorabies virus in the trigeminal ganglion during acute infection of swine. | we examined the ability of pseudorabies virus (prv) to induce and suppress apoptosis in the trigeminal ganglion during acute infection of its natural host. eight pigs were intranasally inoculated with a virulent field strain of prv, and at various early times after inoculation, the trigeminal ganglia were assessed histologically. prv-infected cells were detected by use of immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization, and apoptosis was identified by in situ terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase- ... | 2001 | 11119615 |
| mathematical modelling of pseudorabies virus (syn. aujeszky's disease virus) outbreaks aids eradication programmes: a review. | pseudorabies virus will be eradicated from the netherlands if a typical infectious pig (rind) infects, on average, less than one other pig. in this review, we used a stochastic sir model to estimate rind using data from the field and from experiments. rind in sow herds was estimated to be significantly less than 1 and in rearing and finishing pigs rind was higher than 1. however, if rind is higher than 1, prv can still be eradicated if one infectious herd infects less than one other herd during ... | 2001 | 11205997 |
| experimental infection of european wild boars and domestic pigs with pseudorabies viruses with differing virulence. | to determine susceptibility of european wild boars (sus scrofa) to infection with pseudorabies virus (prv) and to characterize the virulence of a wildboar prv isolate for wild and domestic pigs. | 2001 | 11212035 |
| effects of an experimental infection with actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae on the interferon-alpha and interleukin-6 producing capacity of porcine peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated with bacteria, virus or plasmid dna. | the effect of a bacterial infection on interferon-alpha (ifn-alpha) and interleukin-6 (il-6) production by porcine cells was studied in specific pathogen-free (spf) pigs, infected intranasally with actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 2. three experimental groups of five pigs were used: infected non-treated pigs, infected pigs that were treated with enrofloxacin at disease onset, and non-infected, non-treated control pigs. blood samples were collected from all pigs on the day of infection an ... | 2001 | 11230938 |
| herpesviruses use bidirectional fast-axonal transport to spread in sensory neurons. | alpha herpesviruses infect the vertebrate nervous system resulting in either mild recurrent lesions in mucosal epithelia or fatal encephalitis. movement of virions within the nervous system is a critical factor in the outcome of infection; however, the dynamics of individual virion transport have never been assessed. here we visualized and tracked individual viral capsids as they moved in axons away from infected neuronal cell bodies in culture. the observed movement was compatible with fast axo ... | 2001 | 11248101 |
| deletion of the ul21 gene in pseudorabies virus results in the formation of dna-deprived capsids: an electron microscopy study. | we studied the morphogenesis of three pseudorabies virus mutants lacking parts of the gene homologous to the ul21 gene of the herpes simplex virus type 1. the mutants were examined in an sk-6 cell-line, in an sk-6 cell-line expressing the ul21 gene product, in porcine lung alveolar macrophages (plam) and in porcine nasal mucosa explants. although on sk-6 cells and plam, the virus-assembly and egress of mutant virus m155, lacking almost the entire ul21 gene, was similar to that of the rescued prv ... | 2001 | 11254176 |
| porcine hvec, a member of the highly conserved hvec/nectin 1 family, is a functional alphaherpesvirus receptor. | human herpesvirus entry mediator c (hvec) is an alphaherpesvirus receptor which binds to virion glycoprotein d (gd). we identified porcine hvec and studied its interaction with pseudorabies virus (prv) and herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) gd. porcine and human hvec have 96% amino acid identity and hvec from african green monkey, mouse, hamster, and cow are similarly conserved. porcine hvec mediates entry of hsv-1, hsv-2, prv, and bovine herpesvirus type 1. truncated soluble forms of hsv-1 and ... | 2001 | 11277703 |
| an analysis of a presumed major outbreak of pseudorabies virus in a vaccinated sow herd. | we describe a major outbreak of pseudorabies virus (prv) in a sow herd in which the sows were vaccinated simultaneously three times a year with a vaccine containing bartha strain. also in the associated rearing herd in which the gilts were vaccinated twice an outbreak of prv occurred. the outbreak was analysed with mathematical models, statistical methods and monte-carlo simulation. under the assumption that the outbreak started with one introduction of virus the reproduction ratio r(ind)--as a ... | 2001 | 11293671 |
| venereal transmission of pseudorabies viruses indigenous to feral swine. | between 1995 and 1998, we designed a series of studies in which we attempted to determine the main routes of transmission involved in the natural infection of pseudorabies virus (prv) indigenous to free-ranging feral swine (sus scrofa). naturally infected feral sows transmitted the infection to uninfected feral boars, with which they had been commingled for a 6-wk period. pseudorabies virus was isolated from boar preputial swabs, but not from nasal swabs. three of the same prv-infected feral sow ... | 2001 | 11310879 |
| construction of recombinant swinepox viruses and expression of the classical swine fever virus e2 protein. | to explore the swinepox virus (spv) as a potential live vector for immunization, a vector was developed for the construction of a recombinant spv carrying foreign genes. in this system, a foreign gene placed under the strong vaccinia virus promoter p(11) can be inserted into the viral thymidine kinase (tk) gene, and the recombinant virus can be isolated in a non-selective medium by the co-expression of e. coli lacz gene. compared with the wild type virus, the tk(-)recombinant spv showed a modest ... | 2001 | 11311343 |
| vaccination with the glycoprotein d gene of pseudorabies virus delivered by nonpathogenic escherichia coli elicits protective immune responses. | attenuated intracellular bacteria, such as salmonella and shigella, have been exploited to act as gene delivery vectors. in this study, we report that nonpathogenic, live escherichia coli can be used for the delivery of dna vaccines in vivo, leading to generation of immune responses against plasmid-encoded foreign antigens. the pseudorabies virus (prv) dna vaccine carrying the glycoprotein d (gd) gene delivered by e. coli was able to induce protective immune responses in mice against a lethal pr ... | 2001 | 11312026 |
| pseudorabies virus is transmitted among vaccinated conventional pigs, but not among vaccinated spf pigs. | whereas the reproduction ratio (r) of pseudorabies virus (prv) in vaccinated specific pathogen free (spf) pigs without maternally derived antibodies under experimental conditions has repeatedly been shown to be significantly below 1, r in vaccinated conventional pigs in the field with maternally derived antibodies was significantly above 1. to exclude the difference in husbandry conditions as a cause for this discrepancy, we quantified and compared the transmission of prv in both groups under id ... | 2001 | 11348767 |
| in vitro migratory responses of swine neutrophils to actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae. | swine neutrophils were quantitatively examined for the direct and indirect migratory responses to actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (app) in vitro and the effects of pseudorabies virus (prv), frequently co-infecting with app, were also observed. about 30% of swine neutrophils responded to viable app, while 3.2% of the neutrophils responded to 0.1% casein which served as the control. the migration of app was not affected by preincubation of neutrophils with prv, which inhibited the random migration ... | 2001 | 11381617 |
| comparative evaluation of the cd4+cd8+ and cd4+cd8- lymphocytes in the immune response to porcine rubulavirus. | the porcine immune system is unique in the expression of cd4+cd8+ (double-positive, dp) lymphocytes. these cells have been associated with immunological memory due to their gradual increase with age, the expression of memory phenotype and their ability to respond to recall viral antigen. this work analyzes the biological function of cd4+cd8- and cd4+cd8+ lymphocytes in the immune response to porcine rubulavirus (prv). cd4+cd8- cells isolated from pigs 3 weeks after infection with porcine rubulav ... | 2001 | 11389959 |
| vaccination of pigs with a recombinant porcine adenovirus expressing the gd gene from pseudorabies virus. | five week old, commercially available large white pigs were vaccinated with either a single dose or two doses of a recombinant porcine adenovirus expressing the glycoprotein d gene from pseudorabies virus (prv). pigs were monitored for the development of serum neutralizing antibodies to prv and challenged 3 weeks after final vaccination. prior to challenge, pigs given 2 doses of the vaccine demonstrated boosted levels of antibody compared with those given a single dose, and all surviving pigs ha ... | 2001 | 11395210 |
| long-term effects of social stress on antiviral immunity in pigs. | mixing of unfamiliar pigs is common practice in intensive pig husbandry. since pigs maintain a dominance hierarchy, mixing often leads to vigorous fighting. apart from the negative impact that fighting has on welfare, there is evidence that the social stress associated with fighting suppresses immune function. in the present experiment, we investigated the impact of mixing on specific long-term immune responses and protection against challenge infection after vaccination with pseudorabies virus ... | 2001 | 11399306 |
| comparative utility of restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis and gene sequencing to the molecular epidemiological investigation of a viral outbreak. | restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) analysis and partial-genome dna sequencing are commonly used to infer genetic relationships among pathogens. this study compares the application of both techniques to the analysis of 16 pseudorabies virus isolates collected during a 1989 outbreak. genetic distances derived from rflp and dna sequence data were not significantly correlated with geographic distances between farms from which isolates were collected. rflp-based genetic distance was, how ... | 2001 | 11467798 |
| changes in peripheral blood leukocyte populations in pigs with natural postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws). | the objective of the present study was to analyze, by flow cytometry, changes in pbmc subsets in pigs having postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws), a new condition associated to porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv2) infection. thirteen acutely pmws affected pigs were selected from a farm seronegative to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) and to aujeszky's disease virus (adv); 11 clinically healthy pigs were selected from a high health farm with no history of pmws ... | 2001 | 11498245 |
| a conserved alpha-herpesvirus protein necessary for axonal localization of viral membrane proteins. | pseudorabies virus, an alpha-herpesvirus, is capable of infecting the nervous system and spreading between synaptically connected neurons in diverse hosts. at least three viral membrane proteins (ge, gi, and us9) are necessary for the spread of infection from presynaptic to postsynaptic neurons (anterograde spread) in infected rodents. to understand how these proteins effect anterograde spread between neurons, we analyzed the subcellular localization of viral proteins after infection of cultured ... | 2001 | 11502759 |
| involvement of cellular cytoskeleton components in antibody-induced internalization of viral glycoproteins in pseudorabies virus-infected monocytes. | addition of pseudorabies virus (prv)-specific polyclonal immunoglobulins to prv-infected monocytes induces internalization of plasma membrane-anchored viral glycoproteins and this may interfere with antibody-dependent cell lysis. we investigated the role of actin, microtubules, clathrin, and dynein, the major cellular components involved in physiological endocytosis during this virological internalization. porcine monocytes were infected in vitro for 13 h and afterward treated with different con ... | 2001 | 11543665 |
| persistence of escherichia coli, salmonella choleraesuis, aujeszky's disease virus and blue eye disease virus in ensilages based on the solid fraction of pig faeces. | this study was carried out to determine the survival time of escherichia coli, salmonella choleraesuis, aujeszky's disease virus and blue eye disease virus in ensilages based on the solid fraction of pig faeces. | 2001 | 11576313 |
| glycoprotein d-independent infectivity of pseudorabies virus results in an alteration of in vivo host range and correlates with mutations in glycoproteins b and h. | infection of cells by herpesviruses is initiated by the interaction of viral envelope glycoproteins with cellular receptors. in the alphaherpesvirus pseudorabies virus (prv), the causative agent of aujeszky's disease in pigs, the essential glycoprotein d (gd) mediates secondary attachment of virions to target cells by binding to newly identified cellular receptors (r. j. geraghty, c. krummenacher, g. h. cohen, r. j. eisenberg, and p. g. spear, science 280:1618-1620, 1998). however, in the presen ... | 2001 | 11581374 |
| clinical and pathological observations on pigs with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome. | the aim of this work was to characterise the lesions and agents present in clinically normal and clinically affected pigs on a farm during an outbreak of postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (pmws), and to evaluate the diagnostic techniques for detecting porcine circovirus type 2 (pcv-2) and other microorganisms. four pigs in the early stage and 11 pigs in the late stage of the disease, and eight clinically normal pigs were necropsied. samples of lymphoid tissue and serum were also obtaine ... | 2001 | 11594382 |
| insertions in the gg gene of pseudorabies virus reduce expression of the upstream us3 protein and inhibit cell-to-cell spread of virus infection. | the alphaherpesvirus us4 gene encodes glycoprotein g (gg), which is conserved in most viruses of the alphaherpesvirus subfamily. in the swine pathogen pseudorabies virus (prv), mutant viruses with internal deletions and insertions in the gg gene have shown no discernible phenotypes. we report that insertions in the gg locus of the attenuated prv strain bartha show reduced virulence in vivo and are defective in their ability to spread from cell to cell in a cell-type-specific manner. similar inse ... | 2001 | 11602726 |
| [expression of the ge gene of pseudorabies virus in insect cells]. | in order to develop a simple and safe test for the detection of vaccinated as well as wild type pseudorabies virus (prv) infected pigs, the modified ge gene of prv ea strain, obtained by cutting the 5' utr using pcr and dna recombinant technique, was inserted into baculovirus expression vector pfastbac 1, resulting the trans-position plamid pfe1.75. after homologous recombination, recombinant baculovirus rvbace1.75 was gained and high level expression of glycoprotein e (ge) was observed after th ... | 2001 | 11702707 |
| the correlation of virus-specific interferon-gamma production and protection against classical swine fever virus infection. | the level of antigen-specific interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) production can be used as an indicator of cellular immunity. in this study, we investigated the role of cellular immune response in protection against classical swine fever virus (csfv). pigs were vaccinated once with csfv vaccine and challenged 6 days post-vaccination (dpv). vaccinated animals had significantly higher csfv-specific ifn-gamma secreting cells than the unvaccinated pigs (p<0.05) at the time of challenge and were protected ... | 2001 | 11730928 |
| laryngeal and respiratory protective reflexes. | swallowing is a complex motor behavior that relies on an interneuronal network of premotor neurons (pmns) to organize the sequential activity of motor neurons that are active during the buccopharyngeal and esophageal phases. swallowing pmns are highly interconnected to multiple areas of the brain stem and the central nervous system and provide a potential anatomic substrate integration of swallowing activity with airway protective reflexes. because these neurons have synaptic contact with both a ... | 2001 | 11749932 |
| a serodiagnostic elisa using recombinant antigen of swine transmissible gastroenteritis virus nucleoprotein. | a serodiagnostic elisa utilizing the recombinant nucleoprotein (rn protein) of transmissible gastroenteritis virus (tgev) was developed, and evaluated by examining a panel of 141 virus neutralization (vn) positive and 101 negative sera. the rn protein-based elisa (rnelisa) appeared to be highly sensitive and specific (98.6% and 98.0%, respectively) when it was compared to the vn test. the result was similar to that of an elisa based on purified viral antigens with showing good correlation (r=0.8 ... | 2001 | 11767065 |
| [sero-monitoring of notifiable diseases in wild boar in the netherlands 1999-2001]. | within the framework of a sero-monitoring system, in operation since 1996. blood samples from wild boar shot during the hunting seasons 1999-2000 and 2000-2001 in the netherlands were screened for the presence of antibodies against classical swine fever virus (csfv), swine vesicular disease virus (svdv), and anjeszky's disease virus (adv). the results indicate that csfv, svdv, and adv are uncommon in the wild boar population in the netherlands. because of the recent foot-and-mouth disease (fmd) ... | 2001 | 11780256 |
| activity of cardiorespiratory networks revealed by transsynaptic virus expressing gfp. | a fluorescent transneuronal marker capable of labeling individual neurons in a central network while maintaining their normal physiology would permit functional studies of neurons within entire networks responsible for complex behaviors such as cardiorespiratory reflexes. the bartha strain of pseudorabies virus (prv), an attenuated swine alpha herpesvirus, can be used as a transsynaptic marker of neural circuits. bartha prv invades neuronal networks in the cns through peripherally projecting axo ... | 2001 | 11152744 |
| glycoprotein d homologs in herpes simplex virus type 1, pseudorabies virus, and bovine herpes virus type 1 bind directly to human hvec(nectin-1) with different affinities. | distinct subsets of human receptors for alphaherpesviruses mediate the entry of herpes simplex virus (hsv), pseudorabies virus (prv), or bovine herpes virus type 1 (bhv-1) into cells. glycoprotein d (gd) is essential for receptor-mediated entry of all three viruses into cells. however, the gd homologs of these viruses share only 22-33% amino acid identity. several entry receptors for hsv have been identified. two of these, hvea (hvem) and hvec (nectin-1), mediate entry of most hsv-1 and hsv-2 st ... | 2001 | 11162814 |
| the plasmid pcdna3 differentially induces production of interferon-alpha and interleukin-6 in cultures of porcine leukocytes. | an adjuvant effect of invertebrate dna has been attributed to its relative high frequency of unmethylated cpg dinucleotides. here we describe the interferon-alpha (ifn-alpha) and interleukin-6 (il-6) inducing properties of a commonly used eukaryotic expression vector, pcdna3, in porcine leukocytes. the magnitude of the cytokine response was compared to that induced by the synthetic ds rna analogue poly(i):poly(c), inactivated preparations of aujeszky's disease virus (adv) and the gram-negative b ... | 2001 | 11182147 |
| potency analysis of inactivated vaccines for aujeszky's disease virus (adv), strain rc/79: lymphocyte stimulation in immunized pigs. | mitogenic and antigenic lymphocyte stimulation was examined in pigs that had been immunized with 2 inactivated vaccines which had been prepared with aujesky's disease virus (adv), strain rc/79. one vaccine was partially purified by ultra-centrifugation (vaccine a) the other one was not (vaccine b). a second dose of vaccine had no influence over the blastogenic response when the lymphocytes were stimulated with phytohemoagglutinin (pha). lymphocyte response to the adv antigen in the immunized pig ... | 2001 | 17061498 |
| transneuronal circuit analysis with pseudorabies viruses. | over the past decade there has been a dramatic increase in the use of viruses as transneuronal tracers of neuronal circuitry. the method exploits the propensity of neurotropic viruses to invade neurons and then produce infectious progeny that cross synapses to infect other neurons within a circuit. the protocols and commentaries included in this unit focus upon the use of the swine alpha herpesvirus known as pseudorabies virus (prv) for polysynaptic analysis. here, the aspects of experimental de ... | 2001 | 18428451 |
| [combined use of killed vaccines and immunomodulator ridostin for urgent prevention of epidemic stomatitis, aujeszky disease and carnivore plague in experiment]. | results of experimental studies of mice and pigs infected with foot-and-mouth disease virus, minks infected with aujeszky's disease virus, and dogs infected with canine distemper virus are described. in animals with foot-and-mouth disease and aujeszky's disease, combined treatment with killed vaccine and immunomodulator ridostin by the scheme of urgent prophylaxis (3 days before infection) caused 75% (foot-and-mouth disease) and 100% (aujeszky's disease) prevention of animal death and developmen ... | 2002 | 12508681 |
| suppression of promoter activity of the lat gene by ie180 of pseudorabies virus. | the latency-associated transcript (lat) gene is the only viral genomic region that is abundantly transcribed during pseudorabies virus (prv) latent infection. the mechanism of reactivation of prv from latency remains unknown. to analyze the regulation mechanism of the lat promoter, we constructed a series of recombinant vectors in which various sequences upstream of lat were linked to the chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (cat) gene. transcriptional efficiency was examined by cotransfection with ... | 2002 | 12881635 |
| a tef-1-element is required for activation of the promoter of pseudorabies virus glycoprotein x gene by ie180. | the pseudorabies virus (prv) immediate-early regulatory protein ie180 is able to transactivate the viral early and late genes. using chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (cat) assay, we investigated the transactivation function of ie180 to the promoter of prv glycoprotein x (gx) gene, and our results showed that ie180 could significantly increase the expression of cat gene which was under the control of gx promoter. to further identify the activation domains of ie180 protein that interact with the ... | 2002 | 12881636 |
| a simple selection system for construction of recombinant gd-negative pseudorabies virus as a vaccine vector. | we describe a simple, efficient two-step method for construction of glycoprotein d (gd)-negative pseudorabies virus (prv) carrying transgenes inserted in place of the gd gene. the first step was the use of the thymidine kinase (tk) gene of herpes simplex virus (hsv) for insertional inactivation of the gd gene in a prv mutant deficient in both tk and glycoprotein e (ge). the gd-negative, hsv-tk-positive mutant could be selected in hat medium. the second step was substitution of hsv-tk with other ... | 2002 | 11803081 |
| protection induced by intramuscular immunization with dna vaccines of pseudorabies in mice, rabbits and piglets. | glycoprotein gene gb, gc and gd of pseudorabies virus (prv) strain ea, which was isolated locally in wuhan, were cloned from the viral genome dna and expressed in vitro controlled by the major immediately-early promotor/enhancer of hcmv. in the presented paper, balb/c mice, rabbits and piglets were vaccinated intramuscularly two times at 2-week interval with those eukaryotic expression plasmid pcdb, pcdc and pcdd, respectively. the animals injected with pcdb, pcdc, pcdd or mix dna developed anti ... | 2002 | 11803083 |
| characterization of pseudorabies virus glycoprotein c attachment to heparan sulfate proteoglycans. | pseudorabies virus first attaches to cells through an interaction between the envelope glycoprotein c (gc) and the cell surface heparan sulfate (hs) that is linked to proteoglycans (hspgs). the hs-binding domain of gc is composed of three discrete heparin-binding domains (hbds), designated hbd1, -2 and -3 for their proximity to the amino terminus of gc. each hbd can independently mediate virus attachment to hs, yet each also exhibits a distinct binding preference for differentially sulfated deri ... | 2002 | 11807222 |
| long-term influence of lipid nutrition on the induction of cd8(+) responses to viral or bacterial antigens. | porcine cd8(+) lymphocytes are critical for the development of cellular immune responses to bacterial (i.e. cd8alphaalpha(+)) and viral (i.e. cd8alphabeta(+) lymphocytes) pathogens. vaccination and challenge modulate the kinetics of appearance of cd8(+) cells in peripheral blood. in addition to antigen-mediated modulation, nutritional modulation can also influence cell-mediated immunity. we had previously observed that diets supplemented with a mixture of conjugated linoleic acid (cla) isomers e ... | 2002 | 11818164 |
| risk factors for aujeszky's disease in pig herds and detection of field virus antibodies in fattening pigs in the state of yucatan, mexico. | two epidemiological studies were conducted from august 1997 to may 1998: a case-control study to identify herd level risk factors for antibodies to aujeszky's disease virus (adv) in sows in the state of yucatan, mexico and a cross-sectional study to determine the prevalence of antibodies against adv in fattening pigs. in the case-control study, data on herd management and biosecurity were obtained from all the 27 adv known field-virus-seropositive farms (cases) and 62 randomly selected seronegat ... | 2002 | 11830294 |
| antibody-induced internalization of viral glycoproteins in pseudorabies virus-infected monocytes and role of the cytoskeleton: a confocal study. | addition of pseudorabies virus (prv)-specific polyclonal immunoglobulins to prv-infected monocytes induces internalization of plasma membrane anchored viral glycoproteins. this process may interfere with antibody-dependent cell lysis and resembles the well-studied physiological endocytosis process. a confocal study was designed to investigate whether the major cellular components, involved in physiological endocytosis (clathrin, actin, dynein and microtubules), play a role in this virological in ... | 2002 | 11888689 |
| improvement of serological discrimination between herpesvirus-infected animals and animals vaccinated with marker vaccines. | control/eradication plans of bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv1) and suid herpesvirus 1 (shv1) infections involve vaccination with inactivated or attenuated ge-deleted marker vaccines and associated companion serological tests to discriminate naturally infected from vaccinated animals. blocking or competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) have been designed for the detection of specific antibodies against bhv1 or shv1 ge glycoprotein. the antigen source usually consists of a crude viral pr ... | 2002 | 11888690 |
| temporary disturbance of actin stress fibers in swine kidney cells during pseudorabies virus infection. | rounding and loosening of cells is a consequence of infection with pseudorabies virus (prv), both in vitro and in vivo. these changes in the normal structure of the cell may be the result of cytoskeletal changes. immunofluorescence staining of actin filaments and microtubule bundles was performed to examine whether prv induces a reorganization of these cytoskeletal components in infected swine kidney (sk) cells. every 2h until 12h post-inoculation (p.i.), cells were washed in cytoskeleton stabil ... | 2002 | 11888692 |
| pseudorabies virus (prv) is protected from complement attack by cellular factors and glycoprotein c (gc). | swine kidney derived cpk cells were resistant to swine complement attack in vitro while rabbit kidney derived rk13 cells were destroyed by swine complement. to rabbit complement, rk13 cells were resistant but cpk cells were sensitive. this phenomenon was known as homologous restriction (proc. natl. acad. sci. usa 78 (1981) 5118). the gc deletion mutant of pseudorabies virus (prvdlgc) grown in cpk cells was resistant to swine complement while the same virus grown in rk13 cells was neutralized by ... | 2002 | 11900841 |
| pseudorabies virus-based gene delivery to rat embryonic spinal cord grafts. | the construction and application of recombinant pseudorabies viruses (prvs) for the delivery of beta-galactosidase and/or green fluorescent protein (gfp) genes to rat embryonic spinal cord cells are reported here. these viruses were specifically designed to infect embryonic spinal cord neurons, which can be grafted into a lesioned spinal cord in order to restore the lost functions of the host cord. the recombinant viruses were constructed in two steps. the small subunit of the ribonucleotide red ... | 2002 | 11936971 |
| virus propagation in a swine monocyte cell line. | the propagation of seventeen virus strains, classified into five virus families, in a swine monocyte cell line (sw/k99) was studied in the point of infective progeny production. the viruses examined were adapted to grow in a swine epithelial cell line (ksek6) and were proved to show clear cpe in advance. these viruses were successively passaged in the monocyte cultures regardless of cpe occurrence. the cultures at 3rd passage level were titrated for their infectivity using ksek6 cells. out of th ... | 2002 | 12019716 |
| a tyrosine-based motif in the cytoplasmic tail of pseudorabies virus glycoprotein b is important for both antibody-induced internalization of viral glycoproteins and efficient cell-to-cell spread. | pseudorabies virus (prv), a swine alphaherpesvirus, is capable of causing viremia in vaccinated animals. two mechanisms that may help prv avoid recognition by the host immune system during this viremia are direct cell-to-cell spread in tissue and antibody-induced internalization of viral cell surface glycoproteins in prv-infected blood monocytes, the carrier cells of the virus in the blood. prv glycoprotein b (gb) is crucial during both processes. here we show that mutating a tyrosine residue lo ... | 2002 | 12050399 |
| cloning and regulation of the promoter of pseudorabies virus (tnl strain) glycoprotein e gene. | the nucleotide sequence upstream to the glycoprotein e (ge) gene of pseudorabies virus (prv, tnl strain) was cloned from the genomic virus dna by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and its dna sequences were determined. the dna segment, which was supposed to contain the ge promoter, was subcloned into a chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (cat) reporter gene and the resulting plasmid was named pgep-b-cat. to examine the promoter function of this upstream sequence of ge gene, we transfected pgep-b-cat ... | 2002 | 12086144 |
| continuous porcine cell lines developed from alveolar macrophages: partial characterization and virus susceptibility. | porcine monomyeloid cell lines were established following transfection of primary porcine alveolar macrophage cultures with plasmid psv3neo, carrying genes for neomycin resistance and sv40 large t antigen. the parental clone 3d4 exhibited a relatively rapid doubling time (25.5 h), high plating efficiency and mixed phenotype with respect to growth on a solid support. single cell cloning of the 3d4 parent resulted in establishment of several cell lines; three of them designated 3d4/2, 3d4/21 and 3 ... | 2002 | 12088830 |
| risk factors for aujeszky's-disease seropositivity of swine herds of a region of northern italy. | vaccination programs to control aujeszky's-disease virus (adv) using ge-deleted vaccines are being considered in several european countries. knowledge of factors influencing adv-seropositivity for vaccinated herds might contribute to the success of these programs. a multivariable analysis of adv-seropositivity in 1248 swine herds (332 farrow-to-finish, 260 farrow-to-feeder and 656 finishing herds) in the emilia-romagna region of italy revealed that (1) high pig density (number of pigs in a 6-km ... | 2002 | 12114009 |
| virus safety of a porcine-derived medical device: evaluation of a viral inactivation method. | the goal of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a virus-inactivating process for use during the preparation of porcine-derived extracellular matrix biomaterials for human clinical implantation. porcine small intestine, the source material for the tissue-engineered, small intestinal submucosa (sis) biomaterial, was evaluated. relevant enveloped, non-enveloped, and model viruses representative of different virus families were included in the investigation: porcine parvovirus (ppv), porcine ... | 2002 | 12115437 |
| prevalence of antibodies to classical swine fever, aujeszky's disease, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome, and bovine viral diarrhoea viruses in wild boars in croatia. | during the hunting season in february 1999, a total of 44 blood samples were collected from wild boars shot in the area of moslavacka gora. these blood samples were examined by enzyme immunoassay for the presence of antibodies to classical swine fever (csfv), aujeszky's disease (adv), bovine viral diarrhoea (bvdv), and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (prrsv) viruses. out of 44 serum samples examined, 17 (38.63%) were positive for csfv, 24 (54.54%) were positive for adv and two (4.5 ... | 2002 | 12121047 |
| physical interaction between envelope glycoproteins e and m of pseudorabies virus and the major tegument protein ul49. | envelope glycoprotein m (gm) and the complex formed by glycoproteins e (ge) and i (gi) are involved in the secondary envelopment of pseudorabies virus (prv) particles in the cytoplasm of infected cells. in the absence of the ge-gi complex and gm, envelopment is blocked and capsids surrounded by tegument proteins accumulate in the cytoplasm (a. r. brack, j. dijkstra, h. granzow, b. g. klupp, and t. c. mettenleiter, j. virol. 73:5364-5372, 1999). here we demonstrate by yeast two-hybrid analyses th ... | 2002 | 12134026 |
| antibodies to selected viral and bacterial pathogens in european wild boars from southcentral spain. | serum samples from 78 european wild boars (sus scrofa) harvested during the 1999-2000 hunting season were tested for antibodies to brucella spp., classical swine fever virus, erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae, haemophilus parasuis, leptospira interrogans serovar pomona, mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, pseudorabies virus (prv), porcine parvovirus (ppv), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, salmonella serogroups b, c, and d, streptococcus suis, and swine influenza virus (siv) serotypes h1n1 a ... | 2002 | 12238391 |
| increased prevalence of brucella suis and pseudorabies virus antibodies in adults of an isolated feral swine population in coastal south carolina. | two hundred twenty seven adult (> 8 mo) feral swine (sus scrofa) trapped from april through july 1999 at three locations on a coastal south carolina (usa) peninsula with restricted ingress and egress were tested for brucella suis and pseudorabies virus (prv) antibodies. approximately 44% of the animals tested positive for b. suis antibodies and 61% tested positive for antibodies to prv. previous surveys (1976 and 1992) of feral swine at the same location with similar methods indicated lower sero ... | 2002 | 12238392 |
| protective antiviral immune responses to pseudorabies virus induced by dna vaccination using dimethyldioctadecylammonium bromide as an adjuvant. | to enhance the efficacy of a dna vaccine against pseudorabies virus (prv), we evaluated the adjuvant properties of plasmids coding for gamma interferon or interleukin-12, of cpg immunostimulatory motifs, and of the conventional adjuvants dimethyldioctadecylammonium bromide in water (dda) and sulfolipo-cyclodextrin in squalene in water. we demonstrate that a dna vaccine combined with dda, but not with the other adjuvants, induced significantly stronger immune responses than plasmid vaccination al ... | 2002 | 12239334 |
| natural aujeszky's disease in a spanish wild boar population. | we describe an outbreak of aujeszky's disease (ad) in a wild boar (sus scrofa) population from central spain. mortality was estimated to be at least 14% (14/100) in juveniles and 7.5% (3/40) in adults. most of the affected animals (12/17) were between 4 and 8 months of age. gross lesions mainly consisted of enlarged and congestive tonsils and lymph nodes, petechial hemorrhages on the small intestine, and engorged blood vessels in the brain and meninges. histopathology revealed mild nonsuppurativ ... | 2002 | 12381593 |
| a bayesian model for spatial wildlife disease prevalence data. | the analysis of the geographical distribution of disease on the scale of geographic areas such as administrative boundaries plays an important role in veterinary epidemiology. prevalence estimates of wildlife population surveys are often based on regional count data generated by sampling animals shot by hunters. the observed disease rate per spatial unit is not an useful estimate of the underlying disease prevalence due to different sample sizes and spatial dependencies between neighbouring area ... | 2002 | 12419601 |
| passive transfer of virus-specific antibodies confers protection against reproductive failure induced by a virulent strain of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and establishes sterilizing immunity. | immune mechanisms mediating protective immunity against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) are not well understood. the prrsv-specific humoral immune response has been dismissed as being ineffective and perhaps deleterious for the host. the function of prrsv antibodies in protective immunity against infection with a highly abortifacient strain of this virus was examined by passive transfer experiments in pregnant swine. all of a group of pregnant gilts (n = 6) that recei ... | 2002 | 12429512 |
| broad-spectrum virus reduction in red cell concentrates using inactine pen110 chemistry. | the risk of transmission of blood-borne pathogens by transfusion is a persistent problem in medicine. to address this safety issue, inactine pen110 chemistry is being utilized to develop a process for preparing pathogen-reduced red blood cell concentrates (rbcc). the purpose of this study was to characterize the virucidal effectiveness of the inactine pen110 chemistry in full units of rbcc by using a panel of viruses with diverse properties in composition, size and shape. | 2002 | 12437518 |
| assessment of replication and virulence of attenuated pseudorabies virus in swine. | a nonclinical study was conducted to characterize the replication behavior of a modified live ge-deleted pseudorabies virus (prv ms+1) in swine and potential for reversion to virulence after animal passages. two to 3 week-old weaned pigs, negative for prv, were maintained in isolation and challenged by intranasal instillation. for the first passage, 6 pigs were given 1 ml of prv ms+1 (10(7.3)tcid(50)/ml) and 2 were necropsied at 3, 4 and 5 days post-inoculation (pi). brain and secondary lymphoid ... | 2002 | 12441673 |
| quantitative analysis of the antigen-specific ifngamma+ t cell-mediated immune response in conventional outbred pigs: kinetics and duration of the dna-induced ifngamma+ cd8+ t cell response. | it is now well established that antigen-specific cd8(+) t cells play a major role in vaccine-induced immunity against intracellular pathogens and tumor cells. the detection of these immune cells in outbred animals has been hampered mainly by the need to generate individual autologous antigen-presenting cells (apcs) due to the high degree of polymorphism of the major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class i loci. we used individually derived immature porcine dendritic cells infected with a pox-ba ... | 2002 | 12459166 |
| [cloning, expression of the gi gene of pseudorabies virus ea strain and its effection to viral replication]. | the complete gi was cloned from the genomic dna of pseudorabies virus (prv) ea strain and the dna sequence was determined by sanger's sequencing technique. the nucleotide and deduced animo acids sequences indicated that the gi gene of prv ea strain is composed of 1101 base pairs and could encode 366 animo acids residues. the result of predicted ii class structure showed that gi is a typical i class envelope protein. when compared with prv rice strain, there were multiple mutations in the gi gene ... | 2002 | 12557367 |
| [construction of pseudorabies virus ea tk-/ge-/gp63- mutant strain and the study on its biological property]. | using pseudorabies virus ea strain as material, we inserted lacz gene expression cassette into ge gene. after blue plaque and plaque purification, a recombinant virus prvea tk-/ge-/lacz+ generated. utilizing ecor i site in lacz gene, digested prvea tk-/ge-/lacz+ genome dna was cotransfected into pk-15 cells with plasmid pfbbs, then prvea tk-/ge-/gp63- generated after plaque purification. four pairs of primers amplification demonstrated the virus was pure tk-/ge-/gp63- mutant virus. pcr product s ... | 2002 | 12557382 |
| the pseudorabies virus vp22 homologue (ul49) is dispensable for virus growth in vitro and has no effect on virulence and neuronal spread in rodents. | the tegument of herpesvirus virions is a distinctive structure whose assembly and function are not well understood. the herpes simplex virus type 1 vp22 tegument protein encoded by the ul49 gene is conserved among the alphaherpesviruses. using cell biology and viral genetics, we provide an initial characterization of the pseudorabies virus (prv) vp22 homologue. we identified three isoforms of vp22 present in prv-infected cells that can be resolved by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. the predo ... | 2002 | 11752167 |
| detection of quantitative trait loci for resistance/susceptibility to pseudorabies virus in swine. | this study describes genetic differences in resistance/susceptibility to pseudorabies virus (prv) between european large white and chinese meishan pigs, with a mapping of quantitative trait loci (qtl) obtained from a genome-wide scan in f(2) animals. eighty-nine f(2) pigs were challenged intranasally at 12 weeks with 10(5) p.f.u. of the wild-type prv strain nia-3. for qtl analysis, 85 microsatellite markers, evenly spaced on the 18 porcine autosomes and on the pseudoautosomal region of the x chr ... | 2002 | 11752713 |
| characterisation of porcine monocyte-derived dendritic cells according to their cytokine profile. | the influence of interferon (ifn)-alpha on the in vitro differentiation of myeloid porcine dendritic cells (dc) was evaluated as the ability of the dc to stimulate to cell proliferation in a mixed leukocyte reaction (mlr), and as their ability to produce cytokines at exposure to bacterial and viral preparations. porcine monocytes were enriched from purified peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) by plastic adherence and cultured in the presence of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating fac ... | 2003 | 12586481 |
| transmission of pseudorabies virus from immune-masked blood monocytes to endothelial cells. | pseudorabies virus (prv) may cause abortion, even in the presence of vaccination-induced immunity. blood monocytes are essential to transport the virus in these immune animals, including transport to the pregnant uterus. infected monocytes express viral proteins on their cell surface. specific antibodies recognize these proteins and should activate antibody-dependent cell lysis. previous work showed that addition of prv-specific polyclonal antibodies to prv-infected monocytes induced internaliza ... | 2003 | 12604815 |
| imaging of the varicella zoster virion in the viral highways: comparison with herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2, cytomegalovirus, pseudorabies virus, and human herpes viruses 6 and 7. | imaging by scanning electron microscopy (sem) can provide insight into viral egress. at a low magnification level, varicella zoster virions (vzv) emerge from an infected cell surface in a distinctive pattern previously described as "viral highways." viral highways consist of thousands of particles arranged in linear pathways across the syncytial surface. this egress pattern has not been described with other herpesviruses, but a systematic analysis has not been performed. therefore, the character ... | 2003 | 12627497 |
| zentralblatt für bakteriologie--100 years ago aladár aujeszky detects a 'new' disease--or: it was the cow and not the sow. | 2003 | 12635925 | |
| dna vaccination of neonate piglets in the face of maternal immunity induces humoral memory and protection against a virulent pseudorabies virus challenge. | dna vaccination represents a unique opportunity to overcome the limitations of conventional vaccine strategy in early life in the face of maternal-derived immunity. we used the model of pseudorabies virus (prv) infection in pigs to further explore the potential of dna vaccination in piglets born to sows repeatedly vaccinated with a prv inactivated vaccine. a single immunisation of 8-week-old piglets with a dna vaccine expressing secreted forms of prv gb, gc, and gd, triggered an active serologic ... | 2003 | 12639497 |
| [porcine malignant catarrhal fever: diagnostic findings and first detection of the pathogenic agent in diseased swine in switzerland]. | for the first time ovine herpesvirus 2 (ovhv-2) was identified in swiss pigs as the causative agent of porcine malignant catarrhal fever (mcf). diseased animals from two farms were observed to show weakness, anorexia, fever up to 41 degrees c, and neurological symptoms, i.e. ataxia, convulsions and hyperesthesia, erosion on the snout and in the oral and nasal mucosa, as well as multiple skin lesions. histopathological findings included severe non-purulent inflammation with mononuclear cell infil ... | 2003 | 12649951 |
| antibody-induced internalization of viral glycoproteins and ge-gi fc receptor activity protect pseudorabies virus-infected monocytes from efficient complement-mediated lysis. | pseudorabies virus (prv)-infected blood monocytes are able to transport virus throughout the body of vaccination-immune pigs. prv-infected monocytes express viral glycoproteins in their plasma membrane that can be recognized by virus-specific antibodies. recently, it has been shown that addition of prv-specific polyclonal immunoglobulins to prv-infected monocytes at 37 degrees c induces internalization of the majority of plasma membrane-expressed viral glycoproteins. this study investigated whet ... | 2003 | 12655095 |
| a role for glycoprotein c in pseudorabies virus entry that is independent of virus attachment to heparan sulfate and which involves the actin cytoskeleton. | glycoprotein c (gc) of pseudorabies virus, a swine herpesvirus, initiates virus attachment by binding to heparan sulfate (hs) linked to proteoglycans (hspgs) on the cell surface. this interaction facilitates a required step in virus entry, the binding to a non-hs coreceptor, likely by another viral glycoprotein, gd. we demonstrate that gc has an even more direct role in virus entry than simply promoting adhesion strengthening. a porcine cell line expressing gc trans-complemented the penetration, ... | 2003 | 12667810 |
| [induction or inhibition of apoptosis by pseudorabies virus ea strain in suckling piglets]. | to study induction or inhibition of apoptosis by pseudorabies virus (prv) ea strain in suckling piglets, aujeszky s disease was replicated by artificially inoculating 15 day-old piglets with prv-ea strain. various tissue sections, such as lymphoid tissues and nervous tissues were collected. transmission electron microscopy, dna fragmentation assay, and in situ terminal-deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dutp nick end-labeling (tunel) staining were carried to analyze apoptotic cells. it was sh ... | 2003 | 12673385 |
| experimental dual infection of specific pathogen-free pigs with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus and pseudorabies virus. | twenty 6-week-old specific pathogen-free pigs were divided into four groups. on day 0 of the experiment, prrsv-prv (n = 6) and prrsv (n = 4) groups were intranasally inoculated with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (prrsv) (10(5.6) tcid50). on day 7, the prrsv-prv and prv (n = 6) groups were intranasally inoculated with pseudorabies virus (prv) (10(3.6) tcid50). control pigs (n = 4) were kept as uninoculated negative controls. half of the pigs in each group were euthanized and ... | 2003 | 12710495 |
| l-particle production during primary replication of pseudorabies virus in the nasal mucosa of swine. | different tissue culture cell lines infected with a number of alphaherpesviruses produce, in addition to virions, light particles (l particles). l particles are composed of the envelope and tegument components of the virion but totally lack the proteins of the capsid and the virus genome; therefore, they are noninfectious. in this electron microscopy report, we show that l particles are produced during primary replication of the alphaherpesvirus pseudorabies virus (prv) in the nasal mucosa of ex ... | 2003 | 12719558 |