Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| salmonella minnesota infection in northamptonshire. | 1954 | 13216092 | |
| [meningitis caused by salmonella minnesota; case report]. | 1956 | 13389964 | |
| biochemical studies of the smooth-rough mutation in salmonella minnesota. | lüderitz, o. (max-planck-institut für immunbiologie, frieburg, germany), h. j. risse, h. schulte-holthausen, j. l. strominger, i. w. sutherland, and o. westphal. biochemical studies of the smooth-rough mutation in salmonella minnesota. j. bacteriol. 89:343-354. 1965.-a comparative study of the o antigen from the smooth strain of salmonella minnesota and of the two r antigens derived from two rough forms of s. minnesota (strains r 60 and r 345) has been carried out. the o-specific polysaccharide ... | 1965 | 14255700 |
| studies on the structure of lipopolysaccharides of salmonella minnesota and salmonella typhimurium r strains. | 1. the composition of the lipopolysaccharides and the corresponding lipid-free polysaccharides from four r-mutants of salmonella has been studied. all the lipopolysaccharides, from ri and rii serotypes contained d-glucose, d-galactose, heptose, n-acetylglucosamine and 3-deoxy-2-oxo-octonate. the polysaccharide obtained from the rii lipopolysaccharides also contained all these sugars. the polysaccharides from ri lipopolysaccharides lacked n-acetylglucosamine. 2. from partial hydrolysates of the l ... | 1965 | 5320030 |
| endotoxic glycolipid from a heptoseless mutant of salmonella minnesota. | the endotoxin of a heptoseless mutant of salmonella minnesota r595 was extracted with phenol-water. most of this material was found distributed in the insoluble fraction of the extract. the results showed that the r595 endotoxin behaved as a lipid rather than as a lipopolysaccharide (lps). the preparation, although it does not contain o-specific polysaccharides, does contain 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonic acid (kdo), hexosamine, and several other unidentified compounds. therefore, the term "glycolipid" i ... | 1967 | 4965363 |
| [linkage of heptose units in the core polysaccharide of lipopolysaccharides from r-mutants of salmonella minnesota]. | 1967 | 4297142 | |
| studies of a receptor for felix o-1 phage in salmonella minnesota. | 1967 | 6038891 | |
| [a new group of salmonella r mutants. serologic and biochemical analysis of the heptoses from the lipopolysaccharides from salmonella minnesota and salmonella ruiru mutants]. | 1967 | 6061955 | |
| [comparative studies on the biosynthesis of nucleotide sugars in s and r forms of salmonella minnesota and salmonella ruiru]. | 1967 | 6061956 | |
| interactions of the complement system with endotoxins from a salmonella minnesota mutant deficient in o-polysaccharide and heptose. | 1968 | 5635624 | |
| sensitivity of rough gram-negative bacteria to the bactericidal action of serum. | three salmonella minnesota rough mutants were found to be more sensitive to the bactericidal action of antibody and complement than was the parent smooth strain. the antibodies involved were shown to be against components which are all present in the smooth parent strain and are not identical with the lipopolysaccharides isolated by the phenol-water extraction procedure. the lipopolysaccharide of the smooth strain was shown to confer resistance by blocking access of antibody to the sensitive ant ... | 1968 | 5650074 |
| [antibiotic sensitivity in s- and r-forms of salmonella minnesota]. | 1968 | 5725584 | |
| [studies of the typing of salmonella r forms. i. microbiological and serological studies of salmonella minnesota mutants]. | 1969 | 5392720 | |
| the linkage of pyrophosphorylethanolamine to heptose in the core of salmonella minnesota lipopolysaccharides. | 1971 | 4328124 | |
| the linkage of phosphate groups and of 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonate to the lipid a component in a salmonella minnesota lipopolysaccharide. | 1971 | 4328125 | |
| antibody responses in rabbits to salmonella minnesota r-mutants. | 1971 | 5560789 | |
| antigenic competition between and endotoxic adjuvant and a protein antigen. | antigenic competition between bovine gamma globulin (bgg) and endotoxin from a smooth strain (s-et) and a rough (r-et) heptoseless mutant strain of salmonella minnesota was studied in mice. both endotoxins acted as adjuvants for enhancing the antibody response to bgg. however, other work showed that the r-et had minimal antigenicity, and it was used as a control for the competition studies. antigenic competition between bgg and endotoxin as expressed by a suppression of the antibody response to ... | 1971 | 16557970 |
| heterogeneity of the haemagglutinin responses to salmonella minnesota r-antigens in rabbits. | 1972 | 4647468 | |
| site of action of lipid a on mitochondria. | lipopolysaccharide (lps) of a number of gram-negative bacteria affected mitochondrial respiration and phosphorylation when it was preincubated with the mitochondrial suspension. the structural part responsible for this activity of lps is the lipid moiety (lipid a), because the lipid a prepared from either the lps of escherichia coli or the endotoxic glycolipid of a heptose-less mutant (r595) of salmonella minnesota affected mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation as did lps, whereas the polysacc ... | 1972 | 4263402 |
| growth of normal and transformed rat embryo fibroblasts: effects of glycolipids from salmonella minnesota r mutants. | addition of glycolipids obtained from salmonella minnesota r mutants to normal, spontaneously transformed, and sv40-transformed rat embryo fibroblasts in culture results in an inhibition of growth of transformed cells but not of normal cells. in the presence of the glycolipid with the smallest carbohydrate chain length, spontaneously transformed cells stop growing when they reach confluency. inhibition of growth of transformed cells is inversely related to the chain length of the core sugars. gl ... | 1973 | 4347975 |
| in vitro transformation of mouse bone-marrow-derived (b) lymphocytes induced by the lipid component of endotoxin. | an analysis of which component of lipopolysaccharide, the lipid or the polysaccharide, is mitogenic for mouse b-lymphocytes has been performed. a purified glycolipid derived from a rough mutant of salmonella minnesota (r595) that does not contain any o-polysaccharide at all is more mitogenic than an intact lipopolysaccharide derived from a smooth strain of s. minnesota. results using fractions produced by several different chemical modifications of whole lipopolysaccharide confirm this result. a ... | 1973 | 4581010 |
| bacteroidaceae in thromboembolic disease: effects of cell wall components on blood coagulation in vivo and in vitro. | the effects of bacteroides sp., fusobacterium mortiferum, bacteroides fragilis, and sphaerophorus necrophorus on various parameters of blood coagulation in vivo and in vitro were determined and compared to the coagulation effects of escherichia coli and salmonella minnesota, wild type and r595. intravenous injection of washed cells, culture filtrate, lipopolysaccharide, or lipid a of the anaerobic gram-negative microorganisms into mice resulted in acceleration of coagulation. lipopolysaccharide ... | 1973 | 4594118 |
| fixation of a salmonella minnesota r-form glycolipid on the membrane of normal and transformed rat-embryo fibroblasts. | 1973 | 4354334 | |
| molecular models on the insertion of a salmonella minnesota r-form glycolipid into the cell membrane of normal and transformed cells. | 1973 | 4738391 | |
| heterogeneity and biological activity of endotoxic glycolipid from salmonella minnesota r595. | 1973 | 4719691 | |
| genetic analysis of salmonella minnesota r mutants with defects in the biosynthesis of the lipopolysaccharide core. | a set of r (rough) mutants, in which the synthesis of the cell wall lipopolysaccharide is defective, were analyzed genetically. these same salmonella minnesota mutants have been used extensively in biochemical studies. by combining the information from all these studies, we obtained a complete genetic description of many of these mutants. most of them turned out to be double rfe rfa mutants in which the rfe mutation (close to ilv) accounts for inability to synthesize o-specific structures and th ... | 1974 | 4852148 |
| protection against gram-negative infections with antiserum to lipid a from salmonella minnesota r595. | the ability of antisera to lipid a, induced in rabbits by immunization with lipid a complexed to various carriers, to protect mice against gram-negative infection and to inhibit the fluid loss caused by an enteropathogenic strain of escherichia coli in the piglet ligated gut was investigated. no significant protection was obtained in either case, although passive hemolysis and quantitative precipitation tests showed the presence of antilipid a antibodies in the sera. fluorescent antibody studies ... | 1974 | 4611919 |
| collagenase production by endotoxin-activated macrophages. | peritoneal exudate macrophages, when exposed to bacterial lipopolysaccharide in culture, were found to produce collagenase (ec 3.4.24.3). this enzyme was not detected in extracts of the macrophages or in media from nonstimulated macrophage cultures. lipidcontaining fractions of the lipopolysaccharide, including a glycolipid from the rough mutant of salmonella minnesota (r595) and lipid a, were potent stimulators of collagenase production. the lipid-free polysaccharide fraction had no effect. cyc ... | 1974 | 4372628 |
| participation of lipopolysaccharide genes in the determination of the enterobacterial common antigen: analysis of r mutants of salmonella minnesota. | a series of r (rough) salmonella minnesota mutants with rfb, rfe, and rfa mutations leading to various defects in the biosynthesis of cell wall lipopolysaccharide was analyzed as to their enterobacterial common antigen (ca) content. all mutants that had functional rfe genes were ca(+) as is the wild-type parent. this includes mutants with the most defective lipopolysaccharide core types, demonstrating that core structures are not a necessary part of ca. all rfe(-) mutants (complete lipopolysacch ... | 1974 | 4137100 |
| enhanced toxicity for mice of 6-mercaptopurine with bacterial endotoxin. | the toxicity of 6-mercaptopurine was potentiated by 2 mg of either escherichia coli 026:b6 b endotoxin or salmonella typhosa 0901 w endotoxin per kg. nonlethal doses of heat-killed, gram-negative bacteria were also capable of potentiating the lethality of 6-mercaptopurine (6-mp). salmonella minnesota s, the wild-type strain, and s. minnesota re 595, a mutant containing only the lipid a and 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonate moiety of the endotoxin molecule, exhibited the same capability to enhance the toxic ... | 1974 | 15825398 |
| comparison of the chemical structure and biological activities of the glycolipids of salmonella minnesota r595 and salmonella typhimurium sl1102. | it has been assumed in the past that the lipid moieties of endotoxic lipopolysaccharides are quite similar if not identical. this has been tested in the reported work here, where the chemical composition and biological activities of the glycolipids of two heptoseless re mutants, salmonella minnesota r595 and salmonella typhimurium sl1102, have been studied and compared. the two glycolipids, extracted with chloroform-methanol (4:1), showed identical thin-layer chromatographic patterns. the molar ... | 1974 | 4139122 |
| relation of structure to function in bacterial endotoxins. viii. biological activities in a polysaccharide-rich fraction. | this is the first report describing in vivo biologic activities elicited by a non-toxic, polysaccharide-rich, water soluble fraction obtained by partial acidic hydrolysis from endotoxic lipopolysaccharide. the two activities present in this preparation were a) mouse bone marrow cell colony formation stimulation (csf) and b) protection of mice against lethal irradiation. with polysaccharide-deficient rough mutants of salmonella minnesota, the csf-inducing activity could be restricted to the "core ... | 1975 | 239055 |
| reactivity of lipopolysaccharides from various salmonella sr and r chemotypes ra-re mutants with concanavalin a. | lipopolysaccharides from different r mutants of salmonella minnesota and salmonella typhimurium belonging to chemotypes ra to re, as well as from three sr mutants of salmonella typhimurium were selected for a study of their precipitability with concanavalin a. predictions as to the outcome of the reaction could be made since both the chemical structure of the salmonella r lipopolysaccharides and structural requirements for a positive reaction with concanavalin a are well established. precipitati ... | 1975 | 766503 |
| "core" glycolipid of enterobacteriaceae: immunofluorescent detection of antigen and antibody. | the re chemotype mutant of salmonella minnesota r595 has a cell-wall glycolipid composed principally of 2-keto, 3 deoxyoctonate and lipid a, which is an antigen widely shared by enterobacteriaceae. high-titered antiserum against this antigen can be conjugated with fluorescein isothiocyanate for direct detection of this antigen in heterologous bacteria and staining of bacteria in tissue. alternatively, the indirect immunofluorescence technique can be used for antigen detection on bacterial surfac ... | 1975 | 807915 |
| effect of lipopolysaccharide and lipid a on mouse liver pyruvate kinase activity. | several investigators have reported lipid a as the biologically active unit in the lipopolysaccharide (lps) molecule. to determine if lipid a was responsible for the reported increases in pyruvate kinase, mice were injected with endotoxin from salmonella typhimurium sr-11, the re mutant of salmonella minnesota r 595, and lipid a-bovine serum albumin conjugate. the livers were homogenized and the activity of pyruvate kinase was measured. similar increases in enzyme were obtained with all three pr ... | 1975 | 1104489 |
| immunological responses to salmonella r antigens. the bacterial cell and the protein edestin as carriers for r oligosaccharide determinants. | responses in rabbits to heat-killed salmonella minnesota r mutants (chemotypes ra, rc and re) were heterogeneous with respect to the amounts and specific haemagglutinin activities (shaa) of igm and igg antibodies produced to each mutant. amounts of antibodies in igm and igg fractions of sera were determined by quantitative precipitation. for comparison, antibodies were also isolated using an r oligosaccharide-specific immunoadsorbent and quantitated spectrophotometrically. shaa (haemagglutinatin ... | 1975 | 49297 |
| functional role of antibody against "core" glycolipid of enterobacteriaceae. | antibodies against the "core" glycolipid of enterobacteriaceae (2-keto, 3-deoxyoctonate-lipid a) have been associated with protection against the sequelae of gram-negative rod bacteremia. to investigate the nature of this protection, dogs and rabbits were immunized with purified glycolipid prepared by phenol-chloroform-petroleum ether extraction of the "re" mutant of salmonella minnesota 595 and opsonophagocytic and bactericidal tests were carried out using lapine peritoneal granulocytes and ser ... | 1975 | 1099119 |
| structural and genetic basis of the in vivo immune response to tnp-lps. | tnp-lipopolysaccharide (tnp-lps) is a potent t-independent antigen in vivo, inducing a tnp-pfc response in t-depleted animals. the structural integrity of the lipid a-kdo portion of the lps carrier molecule appears to be required since the haptenated lps from salmonella minnesota re595 is immunogenic whereas the haptenated derivative of base hydrolyzed lps is not. the immune response is not associated with any of the common histocompatiblity types, but does depend on the ability of the host stra ... | 1975 | 1100725 |
| effect of core lipopolysaccharides from salmonella minnesota r mutants on the survival times of mice bearing ehrlich tumor. | injection of a homologous series of bacterial core lipopolysaccharides obtained from salmonella minnesota r mutants to ehrlich solid tumor-beating mice results in an increase of survival times of treated animals. lower chain length favors greater antitumor activity. oligosaccharides and polysaccharides derived from lipopolysaccharides were found to be ineffective in increasing survial time of tumore-bearing mice. smaller-sugar-chain-length core lipopolysaccharides were found to be better adjuvan ... | 1975 | 1116126 |
| envelope proteins in salmonella minnesota mutants. | envelope proteins of one smooth (s) strain and seven rough (r) mutants of salmonella minnesota were examined by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. all strains gave similar band patterns although some consistent differences were detected. a major polypeptide band at 54k, which coincided with the flagellar component, was more prominent in s, ra and rb than in the rc, rd and re chemotypes. the latter strains, however, showed more prominent bands at 48, 19 and 18k. the stage ... | 1975 | 1151343 |
| biological activity of phthalated endotoxin. | glycolipid (gl) was extracted from a heptoseless mutant of salmonella minnesota by a mixture of phenol, chloroform, and petroleum ether. the gl was subjected to treatment with either acetic anhydride or phthalic anhydride; a portion of the gl was untreated. both of the chemically treated preparations as well as the parent gl were examined for biological activity in the following systems: mouse lethality assays, rabbit pyrogenicity assays, and rabbit skin assays. the results of these studies indi ... | 1975 | 1182609 |
| blocking of bacteriophages phi w and phi 5 with lipopolysaccharides from escherichia coli k-12 mutants. | in the preceding paper we presented a formula for the composition of lipopolysaccharides (lps) from escherichia coli k-12. this formula contains four regions defined from analyses of lps from four key strains, the parent and mutants which had lost one, two, or three regions of their carbohydrates. support for the formula was derived from the susceptibility of the key mutants to several bacteriophages. one of these, phage phi w, was found specific for strains which had lost region 4. in this pape ... | 1975 | 1089629 |
| isolation and analysis of the lipid a backbone. lipid a structure of lipopolysaccharides from various bacterial groups. | a degradation procedure of lipopolysaccharides was worked out which allows the isolation of the reduced backbone of lipid a in a total yield of between 20 and 30%. this procedure was applied to lipopolysaccharides of s forms (salmonella minnesota, shigella flexneri 5b, escherichia coli 086, e. coli 0111, xanthomonas sinensis, rhodopseudomonas gelatinosa) and r mutants (salmonella minnesota, shigella flexneri, 5b, e. coli bb9 and e. coli eh 100). chemical analysis, reaction with beta-n-acetyl-glu ... | 1976 | 770165 |
| relationship of structure to function in bacterial endotoxins. ix. differences in the lipid moiety of endotoxic glycolipids. | chemical, immunochemical, chromatographic, and endotoxic properties of five chromatographically pure glycolipids were compared. the preparations were extracted by chloroform-methanol from three escherichia coli, one salmonella minnesota, and one s. typhimurium re heptoseless mutant strains. the local shwartzman skin assay, the nonspecific resistance-enhancing effect, and the limulus assays could not distinguish among the five glycolipids, all five being active in all three assays. significant di ... | 1976 | 770436 |
| interferon production in mice by components of salmonella minnesota r595 lipid a. | the lipid a precipitate obtained by partial hydrolysis in 1% acetic acid of the glycolipid of a mutant strain of salmonella minnesota (rough strain r595) was separated into a number of components by thin-layer chromatography. when tested as bovine serum albumin complexes, the minimal interferon-inducing dose in mice of the parent glycolipid was 0.1 mug, whereas that of lipid a was 1.0 mug. the minimal dose of the separated components ranged from 0.1 to 20 mug. the components did not differ signi ... | 1976 | 971965 |
| [influence of pyocin p1 on salmonella minnesota rd1 (proceedings)]. | 1976 | 983521 | |
| [investigations on the fatty acid composition of lipids from salmonella minnesota s and r forms (author's transl)]. | non-covalently bound lipids were extracted from 2 salmonella minnesota s forms and 5 r mutants (chemotype ra-re) isolated from these strains. the lipids were subsequently analysed with regard to fatty acid composition. the extracts were free of lipid a, as determined by absence of beta-hydroxymyristic acid. the fatty acid distribution in the lipids of the two s forms, cultivated at 37 degrees c to the beginning of the stationary phase of growth, agreed very closely, and the values corresponded t ... | 1976 | 1015016 |
| lipid a, the active part of bacterial endotoxins in inducing serum colony stimulating activity and proliferation of splenic granulocyte/macrophage progenitor cells. | an analysis of which component of lipopolysaccharides (lps), the lipid or the polysaccharide (ps), is active in stimulating the murine granulopoietic system has been performed. lps with different structures, isolated from different mutant strains of salmonella and chemical degradation products of lipopolysaccharides have been used. lipid a obtained by acid hydrolysys of the lps and complexed to bovine serum albumin (bsa) (lipid a-bsa) was shown to be active in generating serum colony stimulating ... | 1976 | 1081990 |
| inhibition of lipopolysaccharide-initiated activation of serum complement by polymyxin b. | treatment of bacterial lipopolysaccharides (endotoxins) isolated from salmonella minnesota r595 or purified lipid a with the antibiotic polymyxin b has been demonstrated to abrogate the ability of these molecules to activate serum complement. the inhibition is a function of the ratio of polymyxin b to lipopolysaccharide. | 1976 | 175019 |
| relationship of structure to function in bacterial endotoxins: serologically cross-reactive components and their effect on protection of mice against some gram-negative infections. | rabbit antisera were prepared against the heptoseless re mutants, salmonella minnesota r595 and s. typhimurium sli102, as well as against purified r595 glycolipid coated on autologous erythrocytes. the antisera cross-reacted with the endotoxic glycolipids extracted from re mutants of various bacterial strains, including s. minnesota r595, s. typhimurium sli102, escherichia coli d3im4, e. coli d2if2 and e. coli f515, as shown by passive haemagglutination and gel diffusion tests. the anti-re sera ... | 1976 | 778329 |
| influence of temperature on growth of lipopolysaccharide-deficient (rough) mutants of salmonella typhimurium and salmonella minnesota. | smooth strains of salmonella typhimurium and s. minnesota, and chemotypes ra, rb, and rc, which are deficient in lipopolysaccharide components of the somatic side chains and outer core region, grow normally on nutrient agar and nutrient broth up to 45 degrees c. however, most mutants with defects in the heptose region of the lps (chemotypes rd2 and re) do not grow on this medium at 42 degrees c or above; a few grow at 42 degrees c but not at 45 degrees c. in liquid medium (nutrient broth, or pho ... | 1976 | 788869 |
| effect of active and passive immunizations with lipid a and salmonella minnesota re 595 on gram-negative infections in mice. | the capacity of lipid a, a structure common to the lipopolysaccharide cores of all gram-negative bacteria, to serve as an active immunizing agent in mice and to protect these animals against gram-negative infections was investigated. active immunization experiments were also performed with the re mutant of salmonella minnesota 595 which carries a lipopolysaccharide composed of lipid a and three residues of ketodeoxyoctonic acid. single injections of lipid a complexed to acid-hydrolyzed bacteria ... | 1976 | 789248 |
| specific and nonspecific immunity to serratia marcescens infection. | by specific active or passive immunization, mice were protected against lethal infection with serratia marcescens. animals that were immunized against organisms of the challenge strain o serotype survived, whereas animals that were immunized against other serratia o serotypes did not survive. protective sera (from convalescent partients or immunized rabbits) contained a specific complement-independent opsonin. these sera also contained passive hemagglutinating and bacterial agglutinating antibod ... | 1976 | 789788 |
| serum bactericidal activity in the horseshoe crab, limulus polyphemus. | serum from the horseshoe crab, limulus polyphemus, was examined for bactericidal activity against five species of bacteria. greatest activity was found against pseudomonas putida and flavobacterium sp.; with the former, serum dilutions as high as 1:20 were capable of reducing viable counts by 50% within 2 h. bactericidal activity of a significantly lesser magnitude was demonstrated against serratia marcesencs and salmonella minnesota. no killing was seen when the lobster pathogen aerococcus viri ... | 1976 | 11188 |
| cross-protective immunity to gram-negative bacilli: studies with core glycolipid of salmonella minnesota and antigens of streptococcus pneumoniae. | two immunoprophylactic approaches to the control of infections caused by gramnegative bacilli were evaluated by study of experimental infections in animals. the core glycolipid antigen derived from the re mutant of salmonella minnesota r595 is shared by virtually all enteric bacteria, and immunization with this endotoxin protects against the hemodynamic sequelae of bacterial infection and pyrexia without enhancing intravascular clearance of bacteria. the degree of protection afforded by active a ... | 1977 | 19538 |
| susceptibility of lipopolysaccharide mutants to the bactericidal action of human neutrophil lysosomal fractions. | acetate extracts of purified human neutrophil granules (a mixed population containing specific and azurophil granules) were dialyzed against phosphate-buffered saline (ph 7.0) and tested for bactericidal activity against smooth parent and rough mutant, gram-negative bacteria. rough (re) mutants of escherichia coli, salmonella typhimurium, and salmonella minnesota were exquisitely more sensitive to extracts of human polymorphonuclear leukocyte granules than were their smooth (s) parents. the mean ... | 1977 | 326666 |
| cross-reactive antigens: their potential for immunization-induced immunity to gram-negative bacteria. | the involvement of multiple species and serologic types in gram-negative bacteremia prompted evaluation of immunization with shared, cross-reactive antigens of gram negative bacilli. active and passive immunization with re chemotype mutants of salmonella minnesota afforded significant protection against heterologous gram-negative bacilli and were considerably more effective than immunization with smooth s. minnesota or its ra, rb, rc, rd1 and rd2 mutants. since the lipopolysaccharide of the re m ... | 1977 | 330775 |
| salmonellae in health foods. | various health food products of different brands were purchased from stores in the metropolitan atlanta area. these foods were examined for the presence of salmonellae by fluorescent-antibody and cultural methods. included in the study were tablets of alfalfa, parsley, kelp, wheat bran, enzyme, bone meal, and vitamins. beef liver powder and tablets and granola cereal were also studied. salmonella minnesota, salmonella anatum, and salmonella derby were isolated from two of three lots of beef live ... | 1977 | 563217 |
| activation of complement by opportunist pathogens and chemotypes of salmonella minnesota. | washed cells of staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli, proteus mirabilis, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and salmonella minnesota chemotypes (s, rb, and re) were tested for their ability to activate the alternative complement pathway (acp). parameters of acp activation were (i) conversion of c3 in 10 mm ethyleneglycol-bis-(beta-aminoethyl ether)-n,n1-tetraacetic acid-treated human serum supplemented with 2.5 mm mgcl2, (ii) lysis of glutathione-treated human erythrocytes in the presence of human serum ... | 1977 | 408268 |
| effect of aerosol immunization with re 595 salmonella minnesota on lung bactericidal activity against serratia marcescens, enterobacter cloacae, and pseudomonas aeruginosa. | intrapulmonary bactericidal activity was measured after mice were given 3 weekly aerosol exposures to acid-hydrolyzed re 595 salmonella minnesota. ten days after their last immunization, mice were challenged with aerolized serratia marcescens, enterobacter cloacae, or pseudomonas aeruginosa. quantitative bacterial counts in ground lung were obtained immediately after exposure and again 4 hours later. enhanced bactericidal activity against serratia marcescens and enterobacter cloacae was seen in ... | 1977 | 407823 |
| immunization with r mutants of salmonella minnesota. ii. comparison of the protective effect of immunization with lipid a and the re mutant. | the protective effect of active immunization with salmonella minnesota re bacilli or lipid a was assessed in the granulocytopenic rabbit model. animals were immunized with re bacilli, lipid a, or pseudomonas aeruginosa as a nonspecific immunogen. after colonization with one of three enterobacterial strains (two escherichia coli, one enterobacter aerogenes), the immunized rabbits as well as controls given saline injections were made leukopenic with nitrogen mustard and monitored for fever, bacter ... | 1977 | 407161 |
| binding of bacterial endotoxin to murine spleen lymphocytes. | the early events in lipopolysaccharide (lps)-induced b-cell activation were investigated by studying the binding of 14c-labeled lps to murine lymphocytes in vitro. in these studies we utilized intrinsically labeled 14c-labeled lps from salmonella minnesota or the 14c-labeled glycolipid derived from the re mutant of s. minnesota (r595). bone marrow-derived (b) lymphocytes bound more lps than did thymus-derived (t) lymphocytes. binding of lps to murine spleen lymphocytes from strain c3h/hen was co ... | 1977 | 299851 |
| immunization with r mutants of salmonella minnesota. ii. serological response to lipid a and the lipopolysaccharide of re mutants. | rabbits were immunized with salmonella minnesota re mutant bacilli or lipid a, and the serological responses were compared. re lipopolysaccharide and lipid a were found to possess distinct antigenic determinants as measured by hemagglutination, hemolysis, and precipitin techniques. lipid a preparations from several enterobacterial and non-enterobacterial species were shown to cross-react in agar gel precipitation reactions. in contrast, preparations from bacilli that do not contain glucosamine a ... | 1977 | 69613 |
| detection by immunofluorescence of common antigenic determinants in unrelated gram-negative bacteria and their lipopolysaccharides. | various gram-negative bacteria were subjected to mild acid hydrolysis. the acid-treated bacteria exhibited strong cross-reactivity with fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated antiserum to the re mutant of salmonella minnesota. hydrolyzed bacteria showed considerably stronger fluorescence than heat-treated bacteria. it is assumed that acid hydrolysis uncovers shared glycolipid determinants that are responsible for cross-reactivity. isolated homologous and heterologous lipopolysaccharides were allo ... | 1977 | 68087 |
| [studies on the temperature dependence of growth of salmonella minnesota r-mutants (author's transl)]. | 1977 | 910578 | |
| a sensitive substrate for the clotting enzyme in horseshoe crab hemocytes. | an endotoxin-activated hemocyte lysate from horseshoe crab (tachypleus and limulus) was found to hydrolyze specifically bz-ile-glu-gly-arg-p-nitroanilide, which was recently introduced as the substrate for assay of the blood coagulation factor, factor xa. further, this amidase activity increased by increasing the concentration of bacterial endotoxin (salmonella minnesota r595) added to the lysate. thus, the measurement of the amidase activity in the hemocyte lysate can be very useful to detect a ... | 1977 | 19439 |
| the selective binding of aggregated igg to lipid a-rich bacterial lipopolysaccharides. | to explore the mechanism by which certain bacterial lipopolysaccharides (lps) enhance platelet stimulation by aggregated igg, we studied potential interactions between the two ligands. lipid a or the lipid a-rich lps from salmonella minnesota r595 (lps r595) selectively increased the sedimentation of aggregated rather than monomer igg in sucrose density gradients. insolubilized igg aggregates adsorbed lps r595 from solution. these two experiments suggested binding of igg aggregates to lps r595 o ... | 1978 | 627721 |
| membrane receptors of human erythrocytes for bacterial lipopolysaccharide (lps). | the binding specificity of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (lps) was investigated by inhibition experiments of the binding of 3h-labelled escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (lps) and 3h-labelled salmonella minnesota r595 glycolipid and lipid a to human erythrocytes using various glycoproteins as inhibitors. pas-1 glycoprotein and band-3 glycoprotein of human erythrocyte membranes exerted strong inhibitory activity. to characterize membrane receptors for lps, solubilized membranes of human erythroc ... | 1978 | 374801 |
| a study of cell surface constituents restricting salmonella minnesota r form glycopid mr595 fixation to normal rat embryo fibroblasts. | the nature of the cell surface constituent(s) containing sialic acid that block fixation of bacterial glycolipid mr595 to normal rat fibroblasts was explored. indirect evidence suggests that a trypsin-sensitive, high molecular weight glycoprotein, present in larger amounts on the surface of normal cells (as compared with transformed rat fibroblasts), may be involved as a blocking agent. | 1978 | 752409 |
| the modification of biophysical and endotoxic properties of bacterial lipopolysaccharides by serum. | normal rabbit serum reduces the buoyant density of lipopolysaccharide (lps) from escherichia coli 0111:b4 (d = 1.44 g/cm3) and salmonella minnesota r595 (d = 1.38 g/cm3) to a value less than g/cm3. this density shift is associated with the inhibition of a number of endotoxic activities of the lps; namely, the pyrogenic activity, the ability to produce an immediate neutropenia in rabbits, lethality in adrenalectomized mice, and anticomplementary activity. a qualitatively similar change in buoyant ... | 1978 | 372234 |
| parameters affecting the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of immunoglobulin g antibody to a rough mutant of salmonella minnesota. | an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was developed to detect rabbit immunoglobulin g antibodies against purified lipopolysaccharide of the rough re mutant of salmonella minnesota. the time necessary for each step was investigated, and this resulted in a test that could be completed in 1 working day. serial dilutions of rabbit sera drawn throughout immunization with the re mutant revealed an elimination of the prozone effect upon prolonged immunization. we interpret this to demonstrate an increas ... | 1978 | 711330 |
| mechanisms of cellular interaction with monosodium urate crystals. igg-dependent and igg-independent platelet stimulation by urate crystals. | monosodium urate crystals (msu) stimulate suspensions of washed platelets or neutrophils. when msu crystals are coated with igg, as occurs in plasma, stimulation is markedly enhanced. these studies which use msu-induced human platelet serotonin secretion as a model examine the nature of cellular recognition mechanisms for msu crystals and igg-coated msu crystals. f(ab')2 fragments of specific anti-fc antibody blocked and the lipopolysaccharide of salmonella minnesota r595 enhanced human platelet ... | 1978 | 737013 |
| studies of a receptor for fp3-phage in salmonella minnesota r595. | the adsorption rate constant of the phage fp3 to sensitive s. minnesota r595 strain was used to evaluate the inactivating capacity towards phage fp3 exhibited by isolated glycolipid and free lipid a. the results suggest that phage fp3 receptor is localized in the glycolipid structure. phage fp3 is not adsorbed on the other re mutant cells, proteus r45, but respective products: glycolipid and free lipid a from r45 exhibitory the inhibition capacity towards phage fp3, comparable to the activity of ... | 1978 | 749776 |
| structure of the hexose region of shigella sonnei phase ii lipopolysaccharide with 3-deoxy-d-manno-octulosonic acid as possible immunodeterminant and its relation to escherichia coli r1 core. | comparative chemical analysis (methylation, gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, periodate oxidation, etc.) of the lipopolysaccharides and degraded polysaccharides derived from shigella sonnei phase i, phase ii and galactose-deficient r mutants revealed a structure as shown: (formula: see text) 3-deoxy-d-manno-octulosonic acid (docla) as an immunodeterminant was observed in the passive hemolysis inhibition test by (a) selective inhibition of the phase ii system by docla; (b) the kinetics of the ... | 1978 | 352697 |
| isolation of lipopolysaccharides and the effect of polymyxin b on the outer membrane of corynebacterium autotrophicum. | lipopolysaccharides (lps) from corynebacterium autotrophicum were isolated and analyzed. autotrophically grown cells contained 2--5 mg of partly purified lps per g dry weight of lyophilized cells. serological cross reaction with lipid a antigen of salmonella minnesota confirmed the presence of lps in c. autotrophicum. electron microscopy of negatively stained polymyxin b-treated cells showed formation of blebs on the outer membrane indicating an interaction of polymyxin b specifically with lps. ... | 1978 | 697503 |
| interaction of lipopolysaccharide with detergents and its possible role in the detergent resistance of the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria. | in the presence of mgcl2, amounts of detergents which disrupted phospholipid vesicles caused lipopolysaccharide i from proteus mirabilis to aggregate and form vesicular, membrane-like structures. vesicle formation with p. mirabilis lipopolysaccharide ii containing longer o-polysaccharide chains was extremely poor. lipopolysaccharides of salmonella minnesota r mutants (chemotypes ra, rc and re) displayed a growing tendency for vesicle formation with increasing deficiency of the r core polysacchar ... | 1978 | 352397 |
| characteristics of pr5, a lipid-containing plasmid-dependent phage. | an extensive characterization of plasmid-dependent phage pr5 isolated from sewage has been carried out. the phage has a head diameter of 65--68 nm, is isometric with a double-layered capsid, and a minority possess tails. it adsorbs to many but not all types of bacteria possessing p, n, or w plasmids. the phage contains 20% lipid, 15.1% dna, and 64.9% protein by weight and has a buoyant density of 1.265 g/ml in cscl. the dna is double-stranded with a g + c content of 49% and a molecular weight of ... | 1978 | 98225 |
| the effect of complement depletion on bacterial lipopolysaccharide (lps)-induced hemodynamic and hematologic changes in the rhesus monkey. | lipopolysaccharide (lps) isolated from salmonella minnesota r595 or from escherichia coli 0111:b4 induces hypotension in rhesus monkeys with normal complement levels. this hypotension is accompanied by decreased total peripheral resistance. the depletion of c3 and terminal complement components by prior intraperitoneal administration of the anticomplementary protein cobra factor did not alter the hemodynamic changes which occur following the rapid injection of 5 mg/kg of r595 lps, the infusion o ... | 1978 | 99042 |
| determination of lipid a and endotoxin in serum by mass spectroscopy. | a quantitative technique for determining lipid a content of endotoxin added to serum by combined gas chromatography-mass spectrometry is described. this technique uses detection of the beta-hydroxymyristic acid content of salmonella minnesota r595 lipopolysaccharide by selected ion monitoring at atomic mass unit of 315.4 the fatty acids produced on hydrolysis of serum containing lipopolysaccharide were extracted and the methyl esters were made. silica gel chromatography was used to separate meth ... | 1978 | 16592555 |
| a lipopolysaccharide-binding cell-surface protein from salmonella minnesota. isolation, partial characterization and occurrence in different enterobacteriaceae. | 1. protein extracts obtained from salmonella minnesota re mutant cells by treatment with edta/nac1 solution contain a protein which exhibits high affinity to bacterial lipopolysaccharides. the isolation and partial characterization of this lipopolysaccharide-binding protein is described. 2. the protein was purified from edta extracts by a two-step procedure consisting of ion-exchange chromatography on cm-sephadex and preparative polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis at ph 9.5. the yield of the tota ... | 1979 | 111933 |
| studies on a receptor for pyocin in a r mutant of salmonella minnesota. | lipopolysaccharide (lps) isolated from the pyocin sensitive r form strain of salmonella minnesota f6 (chemotype rd1) inhibited the activity of bacteriophage tail-like pyocin p1 whereas no inhibition occurred with lps prepared from the pyocin resistant s form of s. minnesota. subunits of lipopolysaccharide obtained by treatment with sodium deoxycholate and the polysaccharide fraction of the lipopolysaccharide obtained by acid hydrolysis were shown to be still active whereas lipid a fraction had n ... | 1979 | 113953 |
| endotoxic glycolipid as a potent depressor of the hepatic drug-metabolizing enzyme systems in mice. | inhibitory effects of the endotoxic glycolipid from salmonella minnesota r595 on hepatic drug-metabolizing enzyme activities in mice were investigated, and the depressor activity of the glycolipid in the enzyme systems was confirmed. among degradation products of lipopolysaccharides tested, lipid a preparations derived from the mild acetic acid hydrolysates of lipopolysaccharides were the most active, but the lipid a fractions prepared from the hydrolysates with 1 n-hcl were almost inactive. a d ... | 1979 | 459949 |
| effect of solubilization of salmonella minnesota re glycolipid on its interferon-induced activity. | electrodialysis of salmonella minnesota re glycolipid, or exposure to 0.2 m edta, ph 7.0, yields products capable of eliciting interferon production at concentrations 10-fold lower than that of the original glycolipid. | 1979 | 446649 |
| lipid a and anti-lipid a. | lipid a in free form, in crude antigen preparations, and on formalin-treated escherichia coli and salmonella minnesota r595 was employed in studies of its antigenic composition, immunogenicity, and availability on gram-negative bacteria. analyses with immunodiffusion and crossed immunoelectrophoresis of isolated lipid a preparations revealed three components. inhibition experiments with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed that the lipid a structure was not exposed on the tested smooth or ro ... | 1979 | 378836 |
| [peritoneal macrophages disappearance--nelson-boyden reaction--caused by the polysaccharide moiety of salmonella minnesota endotoxin]. | 1979 | 401013 | |
| metabolic carbohydrate-labelling of glycolipids from mouse splenocytes. mitogen-stimulated b and t cells show different labelling patterns. | splenic lymphocytes from cba/j, akr/a/j, balb/c/a, c57/bl/6j, c3h/hej and c3h/tif nu/nu mice and b lymphocyte or t lymphocyte preparations derived from cba/j mouse spleen were cultivated in the presence of either concanavalin a, phytohemagglutinin, salmonella minnesota r595 lipopolysaccharide or proteus mirabilis soluble lipoprotein. the mitogens stimulated the incorporation of [14c]galactose into acid-insoluble cell material with the same specificity for b or t cells as that known for thymidine ... | 1979 | 314379 |
| binding of bacterial lipopolysaccharide to histocompatibility-2-complex proteins of mouse lymphocytes. | the membrane binding sites for lipopolysaccharide (lps) were isolated by affinity chromatography of the solubilized membranes prepared from 125i-labeled mouse b-cells and t-cells on an affinity adsorbent prepared by coupling salmonella minnesota r595 lps to activated sepharose 4b. the membrane proteins bound to the affinity adsorbent and eluted with 1.0% triton x-100 were analyzed according to their mobility on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in sodium dodecylsulphate. these membrane proteins ... | 1979 | 312242 |
| stimulation of t-independent antibody responses by hapten-lipopolysaccharides without repeating polymeric structure. | the murine immune response to a haptenated lipopolysaccharide (lps) lacking repeating oligosaccharide determinants was studied. the lps was extracted from a rough strain of bacteria (salmonella minnesota r595) and chemically haptenated with either trinitrophenol or fluorescein isothiocyanate. these preparations of hapten-r595 lps were shown to be immunogenic. furthermore, the immune response to the hapten was demonstrated to occur independent of t cells and was not merely the result of enhanced ... | 1979 | 311343 |
| action of bacterial endotoxin and lipid a on mitochondrial enzyme activities of cells in culture and subcellular fractions. | escherichia coli o127:b8 lipopolysaccharide (lps), prepared by the westphal procedure, caused a marked decrease in the activities of mitochondrial malate dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase, and adenylate kinase in african green monkey kidney (vero) cells and primary cultures of mouse liver cells within 2 h after exposure to 10 micrograms of lps/ml of culture medium. these three enzyme activities leaked into the supernatant fraction, and cytochrome oxidase activity was lost from the mouse liv ... | 1979 | 114491 |
| new function for high density lipoproteins. their participation in intravascular reactions of bacterial lipopolysaccharides. | the addition of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (lps) from escherichia coli 0111:b4 or salmonella minnesota r595 to plasma (or serum) resulted in a marked reduction of the hydrated buoyant density of the parent lps (0111:b4 [d = 1.44 g/cm3] and r595 [d = 1.38 g/cm3]), to d less than 1.2 g/cm3. this reduction in buoyant density to less than 1.2 g/cm3 of the lps required plasma (or serum) lipid. delipidation of plasma (or serum) by extraction with n-butanol/diisopropyl ether (40/60, vol:vol) prevente ... | 1979 | 227936 |
| [structural investigations on lipopolysaccharides of mutants s sf 1111 and r 595 sf 1167 of salmonella minnesota (author's transl)]. | the lipolysaccharides of two mutants of salmonella minnesota with known chemical structure were investigated by x-ray methods. both thickness of the lipopolysaccharide layer and arrangement of the molecular components could be estimated. using these informations a space-filling model of the structure was built. | 1979 | 156467 |
| binding of salmonella minnesota r-form glycolipid mr595 to rat fibroblasts and its effect on cell metabolism and cell behaviour. | trypsinized normal rat embryo fibroblasts and untrypsinized and trypsinized transformed rat fibroblasts have two orders of binding sites for bacterial glycolipid mr595. the high order sites fix 1--3 micrograms glycolipid mr595/10(5) cells and those of the low order fix about 6 microgram glycolipids mr595/10(6) cells. ca++ is required for the low order glycolipid mr595 binding to be trypsinized but not to the untrypsinized transformed rat fibroblasts. the low order binding is temperature dependen ... | 1979 | 762190 |
| on the interferon-inducing properties of salmonella minnesota re glycolipid and its derivatives. | 1979 | 525151 | |
| the mitogenic activity of lipopolysaccharide for spleen cells from germfree, conventional, and gnotobiotic rats. | spleen cells from germfree rats, conventionally reared rats, and gnotobiotic rats associated with two pseudomonas species gave no positive blastogenic response when incubated with each of four lipopolysaccharide (lps) preparations from escherichia coli, with glycolipid extracted from salmonella minnesota r595 or with s. minnesota r595 lipid a. however, spleen cell preparations from athymic mice demonstrated a positive blastogenic response when incubated with e. coli lps. removal of adherent cell ... | 1979 | 540263 |
| association with hela cells of lps mutants of salmonella typhimurium and salmonella minnesota in relation to their physicochemical surface properties. | different lps mutants of salmonella typhimurium and salmonella minnesota have been investigated with respect to (1) their tendency to associate with hela cell monolayers, and (2) their physicochemical surface properties. aqueous biphasic partitioning, hydrophobic interaction chromatography, and ion exchange chromatography have been used to characterize the bacterial cell surface properties with respect to charge and hydrophobicity. liability to hydrophobic interaction was defined either by the c ... | 1980 | 6159092 |
| radioimmunoassay for detection of igg antibodies against enterobacterial antigens. | the rough mutant of salmonella minnesota (re 595) contains several broad reacting antigens including a core lps common to many aerobic gram-negative bacteria without sugars that confer serotype specificity to most gram-negative bacteria. therefore, antibodies against this organism can be evoked by a large number of gram-negative bacteria. using radioimmunoassay methods, sera from 59 patients with bacteremia due to enterobacteriaceae had higher concentrations of igg antibodies against the rough m ... | 1980 | 6779628 |
| interaction between salmonella bacteria and mammalian nonprofessional phagocytes. | a series of lipopolysaccharide mutants of salmonella typhimurium and salmonella minnesota were studied regarding their interaction with hela cells. the bacteria differed in physicochemical surface properties, with respect to charge and propensity to hydrophobic interaction. mutants with propensity to hydrophobic interaction and/or negative charge attached to and were internalized into hela cells to a greater extent than bacteria lacking such surface properties. heat-killed and ultraviolet-killed ... | 1980 | 7001885 |
| heightened lung bactericidal activity in mice after aerosol immunization with re 595 salmonella minnesota: importance of cellular rather than humoral factors. | intrapulmonary bactericidal activity was enhanced against aerosolized serratia marcescens, escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, and staphylococcus aureus two weeks after aerosol immunization with re 595 salmonella minnesota. to define better this nonspecific stimulation of antibacterial lung defenses, mice were simultaneously challenged with s. aureus and s. marcescens up to 30 days after aerosol immunization with re. enhanced bactericidal activity against both organisms was noted, although ... | 1980 | 7003033 |
| killing of the s and re forms of salmonella minnesota via the classical pathway of complement activation in guinea-pig and human sera. | the s (wildtype) and re form (heptose-deficient, core-defective mutant) of salmonella minnesota were killed by treatment with normal guinea-pig serum (gps). using c4-deficient gps and serum containing 0.02 m ethyleneglycol-bis-(beta-aminoethylether)-tetraacetic acid and 0.02 m mgcl2 (egta-mg2+) a reduced killing rate was observed. in normal gps diluted 1:10 containing 0.02 m egta-mg2+ or in c4-deficient gps diluted 1:10 no killing occurred, whereas the same serum dilution without egta-mg2+ showe ... | 1980 | 6776034 |
| the distribution of lipopolysaccharide in normocomplementemic and c3-depleted rabbits and rhesus monkeys. | to examine the role of complement (c3) in determining the fate of lipopolysaccharide (lps) in vivo, the distribution of lps was studied in normocomplementemic (nc) and c3-depleted animals (pretreated with cobra venom factor [cof]) after intravenous injection of highly purified, radioiodinated salmonella minnesota r595 lps. after injection of a lethal (250 micrograms) or nonlethal (5 micrograms) dose of lps in nc and cof rabbits and a lethal (5 mg/kg) dose of lps in rhesus monkeys, the lps disapp ... | 1980 | 7435537 |