Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| relative growth in the northern fur seal. | 1953 | 13108094 | |
| life cycle of uncinaria lucasi stiles, 1901 (nematoda: ancylostomatidae) of fur seals, callorhinus ursinus linn., on the pribilof islands, alaska. | 1965 | 5892851 | |
| pathology of the northern fur seal. | 1965 | 5898899 | |
| serologic studies and isolation of bedsonia agents from northern fur seals on the pribilof islands. | 1966 | 5950519 | |
| sexual dimorphism in laryngeal size of the northern fur seal. | 1966 | 5905556 | |
| [histidine binding in the muscular tissue and total brain of the seal, callorhinus ursinus, phoca richardii pribilofensis and mirounga angustirostris]. | 1967 | 5300188 | |
| comparative anatomical and neurohistological observations on the tongue of the northern fur seal (callorhinus ursinus). | 1968 | 5691685 | |
| lactose synthetase activity in northern fur seal milk. | 1971 | 5136854 | |
| growth of the preimplantation embryo of the northern fur seal and its correlation with changes in uterine protein. | 1971 | 5158537 | |
| analysis of urine of the northern fur seal. | 1971 | 4937122 | |
| pineal body of the northern fur seal (callorhinus ursinus): a model for studying the probable function of the mammalian pineal body. | 1971 | 5164969 | |
| dipetalonema odendhali (nematoda: filarioidea) from the northern fur seal, with a description of the microfilaria. | 1971 | 4103846 | |
| louse populations of the northern fur seal (callorhinus ursinus). | 1972 | 5074704 | |
| blastokinin in the northern fur seal. | 1972 | 4621971 | |
| mercury in tissues and lice of northern fur seals. | 1974 | 4433814 | |
| lesions associated with fatal hookworm infections in the northern fur seal. | 1974 | 4473441 | |
| [comparative morphological studies on the skull of carnivora. 1. macroscopical observations in postnatal development of the skull of northern fur seals (callorhinus ursinus linn.) (author's transl)]. | 1974 | 4376122 | |
| neuropathologic observations of head trauma in the northern fur seal. | 1974 | 4826114 | |
| circulating levels of oestradiol-17beta during early pregnancy in the alaskan fur seal showing an oestrogen surge preceding implantation. | circulating levels of estradiol-17beta during early pregnancy in the alaskan fur seal (callorhinus ursinus) were studied to determine whether an estrogen surge coincided with the period of blastocyst growth immediately before implantation. blood samples were obtained from 38 adult female seals during the period of blastocyst dormancy and early postimplantation. an estrogen surge (35 pg/ml) occurred immediately before the time of blastocyst reactivation and accelerated growth leading to implantat ... | 1974 | 4824704 |
| sarcocystis in the northern fur seal. | 1974 | 4203984 | |
| hemolytic escherichia coli as the cause of acute enterotoxemia in a captive northern fur seal. | 1974 | 4606610 | |
| comparison between two methods of subsampling blubber of northern fur seals for total ddt plus pcb's. | samples of 100 g blubber were collected from each of twelve 8- to 13-year-old fur seals (callorhinus ursinus) taken off the coast of washington state in march 1972. two methods of subsampling the blubber were compared. the mean level of total ddt (dde, ddd, and ddt) plus polychlorinated biphenyls (pcb's) from a 5-g chunk of blubber taken from a 100-g sample was significantly less than the mean level from a 5-g subsample taken from the remainder of the blubber sample after it had been thoroughly ... | 1975 | 808793 |
| renal fibrosarcoma in the northern fur seal. | a 2-week-old northern fur seal female pup (callorhinus ursinus) found dead in the pribilof islands had an irregular mass at the anterior pole of the right kidney. histopathological examination revealed a fibrosarcoma. | 1975 | 1113435 |
| northern fur seal diving behavior: a new approach to its study. | 1976 | 935876 | |
| lesions associated with orthohalarachne attenuata (halarachnidae) in the northern fur seal (callorhinus ursinus). | in northern fur seals (callorhinus ursinus) up to at least 4 years of age there is virtually 100% prevalence of infestation with the nasal mite orthohalarachne attenuata. although clinical observations and gross examination indicate that the condition is not serious, some erosion and inflammation of the nasal turbinates and nasopharynx were seen associated with mites in histological sections. | 1976 | 1255911 |
| chlorinated hydrocarbon and pcb residues in tissues and lice of northern fur seals, 1972. | ddt, dieldrin, and pcb contents of tissues and the sucking lice of the northern fur seal (callorhinus ursinus) were studied in samples collected in july 1972 in the pribilof islands, alaska. they included the analyses of two nursing cows and their two newborn pups, three 2-month-old pups, and the sucking lice inhabiting these animals, antarctophthirus callorhini and proechinophthirus fluctus. the sigmaddt content of fat tissue was 5.2, 5.6 and 63 mug/g (-/x) for cows, newborns, and 2-month-old p ... | 1976 | 826876 |
| clinical blood values of the northern fur seal, callorhinus ursinus. | clinical blood values are reported for 14 blood components in the northern fur seal (callorhinus ursinus) and compared with human clinical ranges. certain values such as cholesterol, globulins and blood urea nitrogen deviate markedly from published human values. the distribution of serum proteins in fur seals, man and northern elephant seals also are given and compared. | 1976 | 16502691 |
| naturally-occurring leptospirosis in northern fur seals (callorhinus ursinus). | a 4-year study of northern fur seal (callorhinus ursinus) leptospirosis in the bering sea has shown that in newborn pups leptospira pomona is associated with a multiple hemorrhage syndrome. adults may develop an interstitial nephritis and shed organisms in the urine. the hed prevalence, based on microscopic slide agglutination tests, ranged between 7.0% and 15.4% for adult females and 3-4 year old bachelor bulls, whereas nursing pups averaging 4 months of age had a prevalence of 2%. these result ... | 1977 | 864847 |
| characterization of two new serotypes of san miguel sea lion virus. | two new virus isolates, one from a california sea lion (zalophus californianus californianus) and the other from a northern fur seal (callorhinus ursinus) were partially characterized. their physicochemical characteristics were similar to those of vesicular exanthema of swine virus (vesv) and san miguel sea lion virus (smsv). the virion morphology was in both instances typically calicivirus. on the basis of this and the serum cross-neutralization testing, these isolates were classed as two new t ... | 1977 | 67101 |
| some temperature responses of northern fur seal (callorhinus ursinus) pups. | 1977 | 908896 | |
| lymphosarcoma in an infant northern fur seal (callorhinus ursinus). | an infant northern fur seal (callhorinus ursinus) died in a rookery on st. paul island, pribilof islands, alaska. grossly, slight enlargement of the mesenteric lymph nodes was seen. microscopically, a lymphosarcoma composed of sheets of monomorphic lymphoid cells in sections of lymph node and tonsil was seen. electron microscopy of formalin-fixed tissues revealed several structures that were possible of viral origin in the cytoplasm of the neoplastic cells. | 1977 | 577218 |
| [biochemical polymorphism in the northern fur seal, callorhinus usinus, from 3 regions of the northwestern part of the pacific ocean]. | polymorphism for the number of the blood proteins (transferrin, alkaline phosphatase, haptoglobin, plasma esterase and erythrocyte esterase) have been exposed by means of starch gel electrophoresis of northern fur seal callorhinus ursinus from three regions: pelagic of commander islands (n = 164), rockery of robben island (sakhalin population, n = 308), winter todder region to the east of honshu island (n = 110). the reliable differences have been exposed between fur seals of the commander and s ... | 1977 | 902985 |
| identification and characterization of three immunoglobulin classes in the northern fur seal callorhinus ursinus. | 1978 | 710667 | |
| arteriovenous anastomoses in the skin of seals. ii. the california sea lion zalophus californianus and the northern fur seal callorhinus ursinus (pinnipedia: otariidae). | the structure, distribution and density of arteriovenous anastomoses (avas) were studied in body and flipper skin of a california sea lion and a nothern fur seal. in both animals avas consisted of arterial, intermediate and venous segments, and were generally larger and more tortuous in the sea lion than in the fur seal. in the sea lion the majority of avas (72%) occurred in the deeper region of the dermis, and the density was significantly greater in the flippers than in the body. in the northe ... | 1978 | 666020 |
| clinical blood values of the northern fur seal, callorhinus ursinus. iii. comparison of eye fluid and serum values. | the levels of 13 components in the serum and eye fluids of the northern fur seal, callorhinus ursinus, are compared. the wide variations observed would appear to limit the usefulness of eye fluid values as a substitute for serum values. | 1978 | 650782 |
| clinical blood values of the northern fur seal, callorhinus ursinus. ii. comparison of fresh versus stored frozen serum. | analysis of 14 blood components in fresh and stored (107-166 days) frozen serum of the northern fur seal (callorhinus ursinus) revealed significant changes in the values of all but total protein, globulins, phosphorus and creatinine. while most values decreased during storage, cholesterol and bilirubin showed small but significant increases. | 1978 | 633509 |
| observations on the infectivity of parasitic third-stage larvae of uncinaria lucasi stiles 1901 (nematoda: ancylostomatidae) of northern fur seals, callorhinus ursinus linn., on st. paul island, alaska. | twelve fur seal pups, which had not nursed their mothers, were used in an infectivity experiment. pups were exposed to parasitic 3rd-stage larvae of uncinaria lucasi from belly tissues of fur seal bulls, bachelors, and pregnant cows, to determine maturation capability of the larvae. hookworms were not recovered from the intestines of 3 pups receiving larvae from belly blubber of bulls, 6 pups receiving larvae from belly blubber of bachelors, and 1 nonexposed pup. maturation of hookworms did occu ... | 1978 | 149188 |
| isolation of san miguel sea lion virus from samples of an animal food product produced from northern fur seal (callorhinus ursinus) carcasses. | a virus was isolated from california sea lions (zalophus californianus californianus) and northern fur seals (callorhinus ursinus) in 1972. it was later named san miguel sea lion virus (smsv). state and federal livestock disease control agencies became concerned, because smsv was found to be indistinguishable from vesicular exanthema of swine virus and to cause (in laboratory trials) clinical signs in swine similar to those produced by vesicular exanthema of swine virus. ground carcasses of nort ... | 1978 | 629435 |
| prevalence of vesicular exanthema of swine antibodies among feral mammals associated with the southern california coastal zones. | serum-neutralizing antibodies to both vesicular exanthema of swine virus (vesv) and san miguel sea lion virus (smsv) were found in a number of animal species having an association with the southern california coastal zones. california sea lions (zalophus californianus) had antibodies to 9 vesv types (a48, c52, d53, e54, f54, g55, i55, j56, and k56). fur seals (callorhinus ursinus) and elephant seal pups (mirounga angustirostris) were tested for antibodies to 6 vesv types and all were negative. c ... | 1978 | 629463 |
| comparative anatomical studies on the nerves and muscles of the posterior limb of the northern fur seal and cat. | 1978 | 652268 | |
| [comparative anatomy of the spinal cord of semi-aquatic, aquatic and terrestrial mammals]. | skeletotopically, cervical thickening of the spinal cord in semiwater mammals (callorhinus ursinus, eumetopias jubatus, phoca larga, phoca kurilensis, enhydra lutris) corresponds to 4--5, and in terrestrial mammals (ursus arctos, vulpes vulpes)--to 3--6 cervical vertebrae. lumbar thickening in terrestrial spicies and in enhydra lutris is situated more caudally from the thoracic portion than in phocidae. in a typically water animal (phocaenoides dalli) the cervical thickening is expressed feebly, ... | 1978 | 736804 |
| hazards of disease transfer from marine mammals to land mammals: review and recent findings. | in a 5-year study (1972-1977) of microbial agents isolated from both clinically normal and diseased marine mammals, it was shown that certain disease agents are widespread in a diversity of ocean populations and that some are also transmissible to a number of terrestrial mammal species. leptospira interrogans serovar pomona has been isolated repeatedly from 2 species of pinnipeds (zalophus californianus califonianus and callorhinus ursinus). some of the more important bacterial pathogens for lan ... | 1978 | 738931 |
| activities of dichlorvos or disophenol against the hookworm (uncinaria lucasi) and sucking lice of northern fur seal pups (callorhinus ursinus) on st. paul island, alaska. | one controlled and six critical tests were conducted in july, 1977 with northern fur seal pups (callorhinus ursinus) to determine the efficacies of a single dose of dichlorvos capsules at 29.3 to 32.8 mg/kg, tablets at 10.5 to 11.5 mg/kg, or disophenol at 9.9 mg/kg given subcutaneously against natural infections of adult uncinaria lucasi. in the controlled test, 20 pups were treated and 10 pups were nontreated. removal of hookworms in this test was 99% for five pups receiving dichlorvos capsules ... | 1978 | 739586 |
| a new calicivirus isolated from a marine mammal. | a new serotype of calicivirus, designated as san miguel sea lion virus type 6 (smsv-6), was isolated from vesicular lesions on the flipper of a california sea lion pup. serologic studies show that smsv-6 neutralizing antibodies (sn) occur frequently among california sea lions and occasionally among northern fur seals. feral swine, 1- to 6-week elephant seal pups and grey whales tested negative for smsv-6 antibody. | 1979 | 227346 |
| viruses and virus diseases of marine mammals. | poxvirus and several serotypes of calicivirus cause recognizable disease in marine mammals. pox lesions in pinnipeds are raised and proliferative and are seen most frequently after confinement in captivity. in cetaceans, a poxvirus is associated with a much more benign and chronic lesion called a "tattoo." numerous caliciviruses of differing antigenic types have been isolated from vesicular lesions and aborted fetuses of northern fur seals and california sea lions as well as from clinically norm ... | 1979 | 230170 |
| plasma biochemical values of clinically-normal australian sea lions (neophoca cinerea). | seventeen biochemical constituents were assayed in the blood plasma of clinically-normal australian sea lions (neophoca cinerea). the sea lions formed part of a breeding colony which inhabits the southern coast of kangaroo island, south australia. little variation was found in any of the values obtained from animals of different age and sex. the results were compared with values published for california sea lions (zalophus californianus), northern fur seals (callorhinus ursinus), harbor seals (p ... | 1979 | 459034 |
| salmonellae in feral pinnipeds off the southern california coast. | rectal swabs were collected from 90 northern fur seal (callorhinus ursinus) and 50 california sea lion (zalophus californianus) pups on san miguel island for salmonella screening. three serotypes (newport, heidelberg, and oranienburg) were recovered from 33% of the fur seals and 40% of the sea lions. | 1979 | 522219 |
| fatty acid content of depot fat in the northern fur seal (callorhinus ursinus). | the fatty acid content of depot fat samples from 15 northern fur seals (callorhinus ursinus) were determined by gas-liquid chromatography. callorhinus ursinus has a high proportion of short chain saturated acids: c10, c11, c12, c13, c15. unsaturated longer chain acids c16:1, and c16:2, and c18:1 also were found. results obtained are compared to a previously reported milk lipid analysis of the northern fur seal. | 1979 | 522229 |
| newborn northern fur seals (callorhinus ursinus)--do they suffer from cold? | several hundred thousand northern fur seals (c. ursinus) are born each summer during july at st. paul island in the bering sea. the weather in the area is usually cold, wet, and windy during the breeding season. at birth the pups are small (5--6 kg) and insulated only by a partly wettable pelt and a 2- to 4-mm layer of blubber. in air, the pups' lower critical temperature appears to be below the 6 degrees c 50-yr record low july temperature for the islands. during rainy weather much of the insul ... | 1979 | 443411 |
| a source of nonshivering thermogenesis in fur seal skeletal muscle. | the mitochondria from the subscapular muscle of naturally cold-stressed 10- to 15-year-old northern fur seals (callorhinus ursinus) were loosely coupled upon isolation, whereas the mitochondria from the same muscle of warm-acclimated pups of the same age were tightly coupled. thus, loose-coupled muscle mitochondria might provide an important vehicle for nonshivering thermogenesis in this species. | 1979 | 219477 |
| serum and colostrium immunoglobulin levels in the northern fur seal callorhinus ursinus. | 1979 | 437232 | |
| occurrence of pox in a northern fur seal on the pribilof islands in 1951. | the presence of pox in a northern fur seal pup, callorhinus ursinus, examined at necropsy on the pribilof islands, alaska, 13 september 1951 was confirmed by re-examination of formalin-fixed tissues collected at that time. the disease was characterized by multiple 3 to 8 mm modules in the skin of the nose and flippers. unlike pox lesions in other pinnipeds studied so far, the nodules were discrete dermal epitheliomas free of any direct connections with the overlying atrophic epidermis. they most ... | 1980 | 6253687 |
| populations, microhabitat preference and effects of infestation of two species of orthohalarachne (halarachnidae: acarina) in the northern fur seal. | all of 116 northern fur seals examined, except black pups (up to 3 monts old), had nasal mites, orthohalarachne attenuata and o. diminuata, with the mean density of 1,808 mites per subadult male, 435 per adult female, 251 per silver pup, and 21.5 per black pup. only 63% of black pups examined were infested with both mites. larvae represented as much as 99% of the total mite population (total samples), and the females of both species of orthohalarachne accounted for more than 90% of the total pop ... | 1980 | 7373723 |
| preliminary investigation of a possible lung worm (parafilaroides decorus), fish (girella nigricans), and marine mammal (callorhinus ursinus) cycle for san miguel sea lion virus type 5. | colostrum-deprived neonatal northern fur seal pups (callorhinus ursinus) were exposed to san miguel sea lion virus type 5 (smsv-5) by feeding them fish (girella nigricans) infected with virus or fish infected with both the sea lion lung worm larvae (parafilaroides decorus) and virus. virus infection was demonstrated in 8 of 9 pups, and 1 of these developed a vesicular lesion on the flipper. in this sequence, p decorus larvae exposed to smsv-5 were fed to g nigricans held at 15 c in a salt water ... | 1980 | 6259973 |
| salmonella meningoencephalomyelitis in a northern fur seal (callorhinus ursinus). | salmonella enteritidis was isolated from the brain of a neonatal northern fur seal (callorhinus ursinus) with gross and microscopic lesions of meningoencephalomyelitis. microscopic lesions in the liver and lung suggested septicemia. | 1980 | 6990022 |
| variable activity of disophenol against hookworms and lice of northern fur seal pups on st. paul island, alaska. | six critical tests with disophenol were conducted in july, 1978, in fur seal pups (callorhinus ursinus) naturally-infected with adult hookworms, uncinaria lucasi, and infested with various stages of two species of sucking lice, proechinopthirus fluctus (ferris) and antarctophthirus callorhini (osborn). disophenol at a dose rate of 12.5 mg/kg was administered subcutaneously to each of six pups. each pup was contained in an individual cage for 60 h posttreatment at which time pups were exmained at ... | 1980 | 7373724 |
| delayed implantation in the northern fur seal (callorhinus ursinus) and other pinnipeds. | delayed implantation is an obligate part of the reproductive cycle of many (possibly all) pinniped species, the duration of delay ranging from 2 to 4 months depending on the length of gestation. blastocyst reactivation and implantation in the northern fur seal occur during decreasing photoperiods, and are preceded by increase in the circulating concentrations of oestradiol-17 beta and progesterone. however, neither experimental shortening of photoperiod, nor injections of oestradiol-17 beta or p ... | 1981 | 6939867 |
| isolation and identification of five new serotypes of calicivirus from marine mammals. | five new serotypes of calicivirus have been isolated from marine mammals. san miguel sea lion virus (smsv)-8 and smsv-10 were recovered from vesicular lesions on the flippers of northern fur seals in the pribilof islands of alaska. serotype smsv-9 was isolated from a sea lion in southern california, and smsv-11 was isolated from 2 northern fur seal pups in southern california. serotype smsv-12 was also isolated in southern california from sea lion and fur seal pups. | 1981 | 7332133 |
| clinical observations on three northern fur seal pups treated with dichlorvos. | 1981 | 7328022 | |
| bacterial and fungal flora of wild northern fur seals (callorhinus ursinus). | tissues from healthy subadult and moribund newborn northern fur seals (callorhinus ursinus) on st. paul island, pribilof islands, alaska, and from healthy pups and yearlings on san miguel island, california, were sampled for bacteria and fungi. corynebacterium spp. and staphylococcus spp. were more frequently present in tissues from animals on st. paul island whereas pseudomonas spp. were frequently isolated on san miguel island. approximately half of the blood samples were positive for bacteria ... | 1982 | 7154218 |
| milk of northern fur seal: composition, especially carbohydrate and protein. | the milk of northern fur seal was analyzed with special interest in carbohydrate and protein. high solids (61%) and fat (45.6%) were characteristics of its gross composition. fatty acid distribution showed that more than 22% of the fatty acids had carbon chains longer than 20 and that approximately 70% contained one or more double bonds. analysis of free sugars showed no lactose but 123 mg/100 ml of myo-inositol. in carbohydrates bound to casein, .99% of sialic acid and .2% of glucosamine were d ... | 1983 | 6643805 |
| further indication of viability of larvae of the hookworm (uncinaria lucasi) for several years in tissues of northern fur seals (callorhinus ursinus). | 1984 | 6541690 | |
| candidiasis in captive pinnipeds. | diagnosis, treatment, and possible pathogenesis of candidiasis were studied in 5 species of pinnipeds in captivity: gray seal (halichoerus grypus), harbor seal (phoca vitulina), northern fur seal (callorhinus ursinus), california sea lion (zalophus californianus), and northern elephant seal (mirounga angustirostris). the animals were kept outdoors in a freshwater exhibit. candidiasis was characterized by purulent nasal discharge, inflammation of the lips at the mucocutaneous junction, periocular ... | 1984 | 6096327 |
| ocular anterior segment disease in northern fur seals. | eyes of 1,716 wild northern fur seals (callorhinus ursinus; 1,501 subadults and 215 adults) were examined for the prevalence of ocular anterior segment disease; 4.6% of the seals had clinically recognizable eye lesions. six seals had bilateral eye lesions. corneal scars were the most frequently observed lesion, followed by prominent lens sutures, cataracts, and iris depigmentations. corneal edema, active corneal ulceration, or inflammation was not observed. examination of normal corneas indicate ... | 1985 | 3878353 |
| mortality of northern fur seal pups in relation to growth and birth weights. | 1985 | 4040983 | |
| photoperiod and delayed implantation in the northern fur seal (callorhinus ursinus). | an equation for determination of the photoperiod at any given latitude for any given date is presented and used in an analysis of reproductive timing in the northern fur seal in which there is an obligatory delay of implantation. fur seals breeding on san miguel island, california (33 degrees n) displayed a mean date of parturition that was 14 days earlier (p less than 0.001) than that of the parent stock on the pribilof islands, alaska (57 degrees n). previous studies have shown that changes oc ... | 1985 | 4038514 |
| [topical organization of somatic projections to the cerebral cortex of the seal callorhinus ursius]. | somatotopic projections in the cerebral cortex of the fur seal (callorhinus ursinus) were determined by microelectrode recordings of the multiple unit activity. somatosensory cortical area is restricted rostrally by postcruciate and coronal sulci, caudally by anterior suprasylvain sulcus and dorsomedially by ansate sulcus. the somatotopic map in this area is oriented in such a way that the head projection is positioned ventrolaterally and that of the hindlimb dorsomedially. the projection area o ... | 1985 | 4022183 |
| interhemispheric asynchrony of the sleep eeg in northern fur seals. | in northern fur seals the two brain hemispheres can generate the eeg slow waves during sleep not only simultaneously, as in all the terrestrial mammals investigated, but also independently as in dolphins. | 1985 | 4018223 |
| antibodies to marine caliciviruses in the pacific walrus (odobenus rosmarus divergens illiger). | sera from 155 pacific walruses (odobenus rosmarus divergens illiger), sampled in the chukchi sea during the summer of 1983, were tested for serum neutralizing (sn) antibodies to six marine calicivirus serotypes. serotypes tested included san miguel sea lion virus (smsv) types 1, 5, 8, and 10, previously isolated from northern fur seals (callorhinus ursinus linné) in the bering sea; walrus calicivirus (wcv), previously isolated from walrus feces collected off sea ice in the chukchi sea; and tilla ... | 1986 | 3712641 |
| prevalence and distribution of serum neutralizing antibodies to tillamook (bovine) calicivirus in selected populations of marine mammals. | neutralizing antibodies to tillamook calicivirus (tcv) were found in sera collected from california sea lions (zalophus c. californianus lesson) in 1983 and 1984 and in sera collected from steller sea lions (eumetopias jubatus schreber) in 1976 and 1985. the combined prevalence of antibodies for these two species was 10/228 = 4.38%. titers ranged from 1:20 (five animals), to 1:40 (four animals), to 1:80 (one animal) by standard microtiter neutralization assay. the seropositive pinnipeds were dis ... | 1987 | 3820428 |
| [development of male germ cells in the fur seal (callorhinus ursinus)]. | three types of spermatogonia have been distinguished in the fur seal: type a, intermediate, type b. the type a spermatogonia are presented by means of five varieties: stem a, a1, a2, a3, a4. the spermatogonia of the stem a type is characterized with presence of equally distributed chromatin in the nucleus. the spermatogonia of the a1-a4 types are characterized with a gradual condensation of chromatin. the intermediate spermatogonia possesses a light nucleus, chromatin as small and large granules ... | 1988 | 3248053 |
| [the role of visual attention during the acquisition of differentiation in the northern fur seal]. | the role of visual attention during elaboration of visual differentiation (vd) of three stimuli, each of them signaled its own instrumental reaction directed to the certain object has been studied in experiments with two males of northern fur seal. in one of the fur seals vd formed by the standard motor and food methods, for the other the "blind" assertion of stimulus field (without stimulus demonstration) was introduced during vd formation in the accidental order. the animal's orientation to th ... | 1989 | 2742928 |
| [spermatogenic cycle in seals (callorhinus ursinus l.)]. | in the fur-seal germ cells at various stages of development are situated in the spermatic canaliculi as concentric layers in accordance with the stages of the spermatogenic cycle. by means of pas-reaction 18 stages have been revealed in spermatogenesis of the fur-seal and basing on the first 15 of them, 15 stages of the spermatogenic cycles have been presented. transformations of the nucleus during the process of spermatids development proceed similar to other animals studied, formation of acros ... | 1990 | 2222211 |
| peak density, size and regional distribution of ganglion cells in the retina of the fur seal callorhinus ursinus. | the total number, size, topographic distribution and peak density of ganglion cells were studied in retinal wholemounts of the fur seal, callorhinus ursinus. the cell distribution showed a distinct zone of high ganglion cell density. it was located in the temporal retinal quadrant, near the horizontal meridian, 10-12 mm (25-31 degrees) from the optic disk. the peak cell density in this zone was 812-1332 cells/mm2 (mean 1053 cells/mm2), i.e. 125-205 cells/deg2 (mean 162 cells/deg2). these data pr ... | 1992 | 1555111 |
| determination of inorganic constituents in marine mammal tissues. | analyses of selected tissues from the alaska marine mammal tissue archival project (ammtap) have provided comprehensive information related to levels of 36 trace elements and methyl-mercury in marine mammal tissues. liver, kidney and muscle tissues from two northern fur seals, four ringed seals and six belukha whales were analyzed. the bulk of the investigated tissues and additional tissues from a total of 65 marine mammals are banked in the ammtap. the results are compared to literature values ... | 1993 | 8272841 |
| growth in pinnipeds. | this review presents summary figures of, and fits growth curves to, data on body lengths (as standard length, sl, whenever possible) of pinnipeds at ages estimated to o.i y. (1) generalized von bertalanffy (vb) growth curves are fitted to most data: lx = l infinity (i - ea(x-x0)b, lx is length at age x, x0 is the origin of the curve (here chosen a priori as time of initiation of embryonic growth), l infinity is asymptotic length, a (which is negative) determines rate of approach to the asymptote ... | 1993 | 8457634 |
| findings in pinnipeds stranded along the central and northern california coast, 1984-1990. | personnel at the marine mammal center (the center) treated 1,446 stranded marine mammals recovered from the central and northern california (usa) coast from 1984 through 1990, including california sea lions (zalophus californianus), northern elephant seals (mirounga angustirostris), pacific harbor seals (phoca vitulina richardsi), northern fur seals (callorhinus ursinus), steller sea lions (eumetopias jubatus), and guadalupe fur seals (arctocephalus townsendi). the primary disease findings in st ... | 1993 | 8355344 |
| determination of pcbs and chlorinated hydrocarbons in marine mammal tissues. | selected tissues (blubber, liver, kidney and muscle) from marine mammals, which were collected as part of the alaska marine mammal tissue archival project (ammtap), were analyzed for polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb) congeners and chlorinated pesticides. concentrations of these compounds in the different tissues were compared and blubber was selected as the primary tissue for organic contaminant analyses for the ammtap based on higher levels (1-2 orders of magnitude) in this tissue compared to live ... | 1993 | 8272838 |
| chlorinated hydrocarbon contaminants in arctic marine mammals. | by 1976, the presence of chlorinated hydrocarbon contaminants (chcs) had been demonstrated in fur seal (callorhinus ursinus), ringed seal (phoca hispida), hooded seal (cystophora cristata), bearded seal (erignathus barbatus), walrus (obdobenus rosmarus divergens), beluga (delphinapterus leucas), porpoise (phocoena phocoena) and polar bear (ursus maritimus) in various parts of the arctic. in spite of this early interest, very little subsequent research on contaminants in arctic marine mammals was ... | 1994 | 7973601 |
| persistent organochlorine residues in northern fur seal from the pacific coast of japan since 1971. | the present study was conducted to determine the residue levels of persistent organochlorines such as pcb homologues, ddt and its metabolites, and hch isomers in the ventral blubber of female northern fur seal (callorhinus ursinus) collected off sanriku, the pacific coast of northern japan, since 1971. among the organochlorines examined, the concentrations of pcbs and ddts were found to be high in all samples. the residue levels of these two contaminants showed a drastic reduction following matu ... | 1994 | 15091661 |
| distribution of heavy metals in muscle, liver and kidney of northern fur seal (callorhinus ursinus) caught off sanriku, japan and from the pribilof islands, alaska. | the concentrations of iron, manganese, zinc, copper, cadmium, and mercury were determined in muscle, liver and kidney of 67 northern fur seals (callorhinus ursinus) collected off sanriku, japan, and from the pribilof islands, alaska. almost all the elements except cadmium were highest in liver. cadmium levels in kidney were higher than those in liver and muscle for all animals analyzed. concentrations of mercury increased significantly with age in muscle, liver and kidney, as did iron levels in ... | 1995 | 15091500 |
| acute gastric dilatation with volvulus in a northern fur seal (callorhinus ursinus). | acute gastric dilatation with volvulus occurred in a 4-year-old female northern fur seal (callorhinus ursinus). the animal had been maintained in an outdoor exhibit at mystic marinelife aquarium (mystic, connecticut, usa) from june 1989 to march 1994. on necropsy, we observed a 360 degrees clockwise rotation of the stomach about its mesenteric axis as viewed ventrodorsally. the stomach was markedly distended with gas, fluid, and partially digested fish. the spleen followed the rotation of the st ... | 1996 | 8827687 |
| concentrations of chlorinated hydrocarbons and trace elements in marine mammal tissues archived in the u.s. national biomonitoring specimen bank. | the u.s. national biomonitoring specimen bank (nbsb) provides for the long term storage of well documented and preserved specimens representing several types of environmental matrices. a major part of this inventory consists of marine mammal tissues (e.g., blubber, liver, kidney, and muscle). within the nbsb selected specimens are periodically analyzed for chlorinated hydrocarbons and trace elements. although only 20% of the 560 marine mammal specimens in the nbsb have been analyzed, the databas ... | 1997 | 9159906 |
| the use of non destructive biomarkers in the study of marine mammals. | marine mammals have been subject to heavy anthropogenic pressure by direct killing and chemical pollution all over the world. most studies of contamination and biomarker responses in marine mammals have been conducted using animals killed by hunting out of a total of 12 cetacean species studied, 45 of the specimens were obtained by sacrificing the animal; out of a total of eight pinniped species studied, 40 of the specimens were obtained by killing. the development of a series of non destructive ... | 1997 | 23899212 |
| uncinariasis in northern fur seal and california sea lion pups from california. | northern fur seal (callorhinus ursinus) (n = 25) and california sea lion (zalophus californianus) (n = 53) pups, found dead on rookeries on san miguel island (california, usa), were examined for adult uncinaria spp. prevalence of these nematodes was 96% in fur seal pups and 100% in sea lion pups. mean intensity of uncinaria spp. per infected pup was 643 in fur seals and 1,284 in sea lions. eggs of uncinaria spp. from dead sea lion pups underwent embryonation in an incubator; development to the f ... | 1997 | 9391970 |
| organochlorine contaminants in blubber of four seal species: integrating biomonitoring and specimen banking. | blubber samples from four alaska seal species (bearded seal, erignathus barbatus, harbor seal, phoca vitulina, northern fur seal, callorhinus ursinus, ringed seal, p. hispida) were collected for inclusion in the us national biomonitoring specimen bank, as well as for immediate analysis as part of the contaminant monitoring component of the us national marine fisheries service's marine mammal health and stranding response program. the blubber samples were analyzed for organochlorine (oc) contamin ... | 1997 | 9159908 |
| in vitro isolation and characterization of a calicivirus causing a vesicular disease of the hands and feet. | we report that a calicivirus of oceanic origin, san miguel sea lion virus serotype 5 (smsv-5), is a human pathogen. this biotype was isolated originally from blisters on the flippers of northern fur seals (callorhinus ursinus) and replicates readily in primate and human cell lines. it infects a phylogenetically diverse array of hosts (poikilotherms to primates) and induces type-specific neutralizing antibodies in exposed humans. group antibody against a pooled antigen of smsv-5 and two other ser ... | 1998 | 9502467 |
| isolation of reptilian calicivirus crotalus type 1 from feral pinnipeds. | ten virus isolates were obtained from three species of marine mammals sampled on san miguel island (california, usa) and 1,200 km north on rogue reef (oregon, usa) during tagging operations in 1986-87. seven of these 10 were derived from 30 sampled steller sea lion (eumetopias jubatus pups, while two of 10 were isolated from one of 19 sampled california sea lion (zalophus californianus californianus pups, and the remaining isolate was derived from 30 sampled northern fur seal (callorhinus ursinu ... | 1998 | 9706554 |
| vanadium accumulation in pinnipeds. | vanadium in four species of pinnipeds (northern fur seals [callorhinus ursinus], steller sea lions [eumetopias jubatus], harbor seals [phoca vitulina], and ribbon seals [phoca fasciata]) caught in the northern pacific was analyzed using icp-ms to understand its accumulation and distribution. in northern fur seals, relatively high concentrations of vanadium were observed in the liver, hair, and bone. ninety percent of the vanadium burden in the body was concentrated in these three tissues, which ... | 1999 | 9828265 |
| factors affecting organochlorine contaminant concentrations in milk and blood of northern fur seal (callorhinus ursinus) dams and pups from st. george island, alaska. | levels of organochlorine contaminants in blood of northern fur seal (callorhinus ursinus) pups and the blood and milk of their dams early in the lactation period are reported here. the contaminants included 15 selected individual polychlorinated biphenyl (pcb) congeners and ddt metabolites identified through high-performance liquid chromatography. congeners cb-77, -81, -126, -169 and -189 were below the limits of detection in milk and blood samples analyzed. congener-specific concentrations of p ... | 1999 | 10472134 |
| isotopic tracking of foraging and long-distance migration in northeastern pacific pinnipeds. | we investigated the impact of foraging location (nearshore vs offshore) and foraging latitude (high vs middle) on the carbon (δ(13)c) and nitrogen (δ(15)n) isotope compositions of bone collagen of northern fur seals (callorhinus ursinus), harbor seals (phoca vitulina), california sea lions (zalophus californianus), and northern elephant seals (mirounga angustirostris). nearshore-foraging harbor seals from california had δ(13)c values 2.0‰ higher than female northern elephant seals foraging offsh ... | 1999 | 28307717 |
| high aerobic capacities in the skeletal muscles of pinnipeds: adaptations to diving hypoxia. | the objective was to assess the aerobic capacity of skeletal muscles in pinnipeds. samples of swimming and nonswimming muscles were collected from steller sea lions (eumetopias jubatus, n = 27), northern fur seals (callorhinus ursinus, n = 5), and harbor seals (phoca vitulina, n = 37) by using a needle biopsy technique. samples were either immediately fixed in 2% glutaraldehyde or frozen in liquid nitrogen. the volume density of mitochondria, myoglobin concentration, citrate synthase activity, a ... | 1999 | 10194210 |
| comparative biology of uncinaria spp. in the california sea lion (zalophus californianus) and the northern fur seal (callorhinus ursinus) in california. | studies on several aspects of the life cycle of hookworms (uncinaria spp.) in the california sea lion (zalophus californianus) and northern fur seal (callorhinus ursinus) were conducted on material collected on san miguel island (smi), california and at the marine mammal center, sausalito, california in 1997, 1998, and 1999. examination of z. californianus intestines for adult hookworms and feces for eggs revealed that longevity of these parasites in pups is about 6-8 mo, and infections are prob ... | 2000 | 11191915 |
| molecular and morphometric evidence for separate species of uncinaria (nematoda: ancylostomatidae) in california sea lions and northern fur seals: hypothesis testing supplants verification. | california sea lions (zalophus californianus) and northern fur seals (callorhinus ursinus) are each believed to host distinct hookworm species (uncinaria spp.). however, a recent morphometric analysis suggested that a single species parasitizes multiple pinniped hosts, and that the observed differences are host-induced. to explore the systematics of these hookworms and test these competing hypotheses, we obtained nucleotide sequences of nuclear ribosomal dna (d2/d3 28s, d18/d19 28s, and internal ... | 2000 | 11128487 |
| gastric intramural hematoma and hemoperitoneum in a captive northern fur seal. | a 16-yr-old adult male northern fur seal (callorhinus ursinus) was found dead in its outdoor pool in november 1995. the animal was maintained at mystic aquarium (mystic, connecticut, usa) from march 1980 to november 1995. gross necropsy findings included hemoperitoneum and locally extensive gastric intramural hemorrhage that involved the posterior fundic, antral, and pyloric regions and extended into the duodenum. the gastric mural thickening grossly resembled hemangioma, and the gastric serosa ... | 2000 | 10941747 |
| the ontogeny of metabolic rate and thermoregulatory capabilities of northern fur seal, callorhinus ursinus, pups in air and water. | young pinnipeds, born on land, must eventually enter the water to feed independently. the aim of this study was to examine developmental factors that might influence this transition. the ontogeny of metabolic rate and thermoregulation in northern fur seal, callorhinus ursinus, pups was investigated at two developmental stages in air and water using open-circuit respirometry. mean in-air resting metabolic rate (rmr) increased significantly from 113+/-5 ml o(2 )min(-)(1) (n=18) pre-molt to 160+/-4 ... | 2000 | 10683160 |
| long-term vocal recognition in the northern fur seal. | the ability to recognize and remember individual identities for long periods of time has important implications for the evolution of animal social behaviour, particularly complex interactions such as cooperation or mate choice. despite this importance, there is only a single example of long-term individual recognition in nature, the 8-month retention of neighbour's song among male hooded warblers, wilsonia citrina, and there is none for a non-human mammal. associations between individuals spanni ... | 2000 | 10935635 |
| mother-offspring vocal recognition in northern fur seals is mutual but asymmetrical. | during the 4-month period of offspring dependence, northern fur seal, callorhinus ursinus, mothers and pups use a well-developed multimodal recognition ability to routinely find one another within large and dense breeding aggregations. i studied the vocal/auditory aspect of this ability to look at operational differences between the two members of a recognition dyad. if parent-offspring conflict theory is applied to animal communication behaviour, we should expect unequal selective forces acting ... | 2001 | 11170703 |
| temporal records of δ(13)c and δ (15)n in north pacific pinnipeds: inferences regarding environmental change and diet. | sea lion and seal populations in alaskan waters underwent various degrees of decline during the latter half of the twentieth century and the cause(s) for the declines remain uncertain. the stable carbon ((13)c/(12)c) and nitrogen ((15)n/(14)n) isotope ratios in bone collagen from wild steller sea lions (eumetopias jubatus), northern fur seals (callorhinus ursinus) and harbor seals (phoca vitulina) from the bering sea and gulf of alaska were measured for the period 1951-1997 to test the hypothesi ... | 2001 | 24577700 |
| phylogenetic relationships within the eared seals (otariidae: carnivora): implications for the historical biogeography of the family. | phylogenetic relationships within the family otariidae were investigated using two regions of the mitochondrial genome. a 360-bp region of the cytochrome b gene was employed for the primary phylogenetic analysis, while a 356-bp segment of the control region was used to enhance resolution of the terminal nodes. traditional classification of the family into the subfamilies arctocephalinae (fur seals) and otariinae (sea lions) is not supported, with the fur seal callorhinus ursinus having a basal r ... | 2001 | 11697921 |