Publications

bacterium melaninogenicum; a misnomer.		1947	20251272
notes on bacteroides melaninogenicus.		1955	13263322
apparent requirement for vitamin k of rumen strains of fusiformis nigrescens.		1958	13504136
the growth-promoting activity of compounds of the vitamin k group and analogues for a rumen strain of fusiformis nigrescens.		1959	13664915
hemin and vitamin k compounds as required factors for the cultivation of certain strains of bacteroides melaninogenicus.		1960	13827907
[infection experiments on laboratory animals and in-vitro studies on the enzyme distribution of bacteroides melaninogenicus].		1960	14435312
degradation of collagenous substrates by bacteroides melaninogenicus.		1961	13705066
biochemical characteristics of bacteroides melaninogenicus. a study of thirty-one strains.		1962	13986950
the increasing prevalence of gingival bacteroides melaninogenicus with age in children.		1964	14179051
vitamin k compounds in bacteria that are obligate anaerobes.	a naphthoquinone-dependent strain of bacteroides melaninogenicus has been used in a microbiological assay to survey bacteria for compounds of the vitamin k group. organisms known to contain vitamin k, as well as several bacteria that are obligate anaerobes, produced substances which satisfied the naphthoquinone requirement of the assay organism. vitamin k was chemically isolated from strains of bacteroides melaninogenicus, bacteroides fragilis, and veillonella alcalescens.	1964	14207457
[on the transformation of the k vitamins in k-heterotrophic anerobe (fusiformis nigrescens)].		1964	14317960
[tocopherol and tocopherylquinone as growth factors for fusiformis nigrescens (preliminary report)].		1964	14317962
required role of bacteroides melaninogenicus in mixed anaerobic infections.		1965	14331707
water-soluble factors with vitamin k activity from pig liver and from fusiformis nigrescens.		1966	5964171
bacteroides melaninogenicus and its products in the gingiva of man.		1966	5327110
[bacteroides melaninogenicus as the cause of multiple brain abscesses].		1967	5593018
occurrence of bacterionema matruchotii and bacteroides melaninogenicus in gingival plaque from monkeys.		1967	4229971
conditions for the demonstration of collagenolytic activity in bacteroides melaninogenicus.		1967	5228197
biochemical and immunological heterogeneity of bacteroides melaninogenicus.		1967	5237341
chemical characteristics of bacteroides melaninogenicus endotoxin.		1968	5250453
[serological study of gram-negative sporeless anaerobes, and especially of bacteroides convexus and bacteroides melaninogenicus].		1968	4974979
prevalence of bacteroides melaninogenicus in the gingival crevice area of institutionalized trisomy 21 and cerebral palsy patients and normal children.		1968	4235375
electron transport system of the protoheme-requiring anaerobe bacteroides melaninogenicus.	protoheme is essential for the growth of some strains of bacteroides melaninogenicus. at low concentrations in the growth medium, protoheme determines the doubling time, total cell yield, and amount of cytochrome per bacterium. at high protoheme concentrations, the doubling time, total cell yield, and amount of enzymatically reducible cytochrome appear to remain nearly constant, and protoheme is accumulated by the cell. the accumulated protoheme can support the growth of the bacterium for at lea ...	1968	4308026
vitamin k deficiency in fusiformis nigrescens. i. influence on whole cells and cell envelope characteristics.	vitamin k depletion in the vitamin k-requiring anaerobe fusiformis nigrescens resulted in the formation of elongated cells. in the presence of vitamin k, inhibition by cyanide and heme depletion did not affect cell morphology. peptide depletion, as well as inhibition by chloramphenicol, ethionine, or fluorophenylalanine, also resulted in formation of elongated cells. chemical analysis of cells and envelopes showed that protein, lipid, and deoxyribonucleic acid levels were similar in vitamin-supp ...	1968	5669903
antibiotic susceptibility of anaerobic ruminal bacteria.	this study demonstrated that 15 species of ruminal bacteria with no previous history of contact with antibiotics are susceptible to bacitracin, chloramphenicol, chlortetracycline, erythromycin, novobiocin, oleandomycin, oxytetracycline, penicillin, tetracycline, tylosin, and vancomycin. a number of the species were not inhibited by kanamycin, neomycin, polymyxin, and streptomycin. the data suggest that antibiotic-resistant cells occur within susceptible cultures of these species. streptococcus b ...	1968	5689514
bacteroides melaninogenicus in diseases of domestic animals.		1968	5693151
bacteroides with special reference to bacteroides melaninogenicus.		1969	5785363
ultaviolet red fluorescence of bacteroides melaninogenicus.	under longwave ultraviolet light, bacteroides melaninogenicus fluoresced vivid red on blood-agar plates as well as in chronic cutaneous ulcers and purulent drainage.	1969	5785962
characterization of the iso-branched sphinganines from the ceramide phospholipids of bacteroides melaninogenicus.		1969	5364262
identification of ceramide phosphorylethanolamine and ceramide phosphorylglycerol in the lipids of an anaerobic bacterium.	nearly half the phospholipids isolated from the anerobic bacterium bacteroides melaninogenicus are phosphosphingolipids. the two major phosphosphingolipids have been characterized as ceramide phosphorylethanolamine and ceramide phosphorylglycerol. the long-chain bases of these phosphosphingolipids appear to have branched and normal saturated carbon chains of 17, 18, and 19 atoms; the phosphate is at the 1-position of the long-chain base. the composition of the amide-linked fatty acids of the pho ...	1969	4309192
collagenase activity in a particulate fraction from bacteroides melaninogenicus.		1969	4312610
serological properties of lipopolysaccharide from oral stains of bacteroides melaninogenicus.	lipopolysaccharide (lps) extracted with phenol-water from four oral strains of bacteroides melaninogenicus was found to be serologically active in precipitation and complement fixation tests and sensitized sheep erythrocytes to agglutination. except for the capacity to inhibit indirect hemagglutination, the serological activity was destroyed by oxidation with periodate. the isolated lps was antigenic in rabbits, giving rise to low- and high-molecular-weight antibodies. cross-reactivity experimen ...	1969	4975745
[endotoxin of bacteroides melaninogenicus].		1969	5264122
[immunological study of bacteroides melaninogenicus].		1970	5276536
endotoxin: stimulation of bone resorption in tissue culture.	bacterial endotoxins can stimulate the release of previously incorporated calcium-45 and tritiated proline from fetal rat bone in tissue culture. endotoxin from bacteroides melaninogenicus, an organism regularly found in the gingival crevice of man, produces a response similar to parathyroid hormone and is effective at doses as low as 0.1 microgram per milliliter. this response is inhibited by serum and dependent upon the presence of albumin. endotoxins may play a role in the bone loss character ...	1970	4910373
biological activities of endotoxin from bacteroides melaninogenicus.		1970	4914190
effect of bile and desoxycholate on gram-negative anaerobic bacteria.	the bile tests for characterizing gram-negative anaerobic bacilli were reevaluated in prereduced anaerobically sterilized peptone-yeast-glucose broth, in thioglycollate broth, and on blood agar plates. blood agar plates were unsatisfactory. the combination of 20% bile with 0.1% desoxycholate inhibited fusobacterium, bacteroides melaninogenicus, and b. oralis and sometimes sphaerophorus necrophorus, but not b. fragilis or other sphaerophorus species studied. ten per cent bile with 0.05% desoxycho ...	1970	4922082
lipids of bacteroides melaninogenicus.	the lipids of bacteroides melaninogenicus were readily extractable with chloroform-methanol. three per cent of the fatty acids were not extractable. the neutral lipids contained 4% of the extractable fatty acids, the stench characteristic of these organisms, and 0.5 mumole of vitamin k(2) isoprenologues k(2)-35, k(2)-40, and k(2)-45 per g (dry weight). this is one-fifth to one-tenth of the vitamin k(2) level found in other bacteria. ninety-six per cent of the extractable fatty acids were associa ...	1970	5411759
[cervical gas phlegmon with lethal outcome (bacteroides melaninogenicus)].		1970	5412771
[in vitro sensitivity of actinomyces israelii, actinobacillus actinomycetem-comitans and bacteroides melaninogenicus to cephalothin, cephaloridine, gentamicin, fusidic acid and lincomycin].		1970	5481995
[in vitro sensitivity of actinomyces israelii, actinobacillus actinomycetem-comitans and bacteroides melaninogenicus to cephalothin, cephaloridine, gentamicin, fusidic acid and lincomycin].		1970	5494880
[susceptibility of bacteroides melaninogenicus to antibiotics].		1970	5291253
amino acid fermentation by bacteroides melaninogenicus.		1970	5310307
succinate as a growth factor for bacteroides melaninogenicus.	rumen strains of the obligate anaerobe bacteroides melaninogenicus normally require medium supplemented with both heme and vitamin k. sodium succinate was found to be an additional growth factor in that this compound can replace the requirement for heme in the presence of vitamin k, allowing good growth of the organism, and succinate can also partially replace the requirement for vitamin k in the presence of heme. the addition of succinate to a medium supplemented with both vitamin k and heme in ...	1971	4941554
lipopolysaccharide from bacteroides melaninogenicus isolated from the supernatant fluid after ultracentrifugation of the water phase following phenol-water extraction.		1971	5280416
evaluation of kanamycin as an aid in the isolation of bacteroides melaninogenicus from dental plaque.		1971	5283536
a pathogenic strain of bacteroides melaninogenicus.		1971	5283537
the biochemical properties and antibiotic susceptibility of bacteroides melaninogenicus.		1971	4336817
fusobacterial infection: enhancement by cell free extracts of bacteroides melaninogenicus possessing collagenolytic activity.		1972	4338303
in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria isolated from clinical specimens.	the minimal inhibitory concentrations of 601 clinical isolates of anaerobic bacteria to 10 different antimicrobial agents were determined by an agar-dilution technique. nearly all strains were resistant to kanamycin and gentamicin, although moderate activity to both drugs was noted with fusobacterium sp., anaerobic cocci, some strains of bacteroides melaninogenicus, and nonsporeforming gram-positive bacilli. chloramphenicol at 12.5 mug/ml inhibited all but three of the strains tested. tetracycli ...	1972	4680804
effect of vitamin k depletion and restoration on sphingolipid metabolism in bacteroides melaninogenicus.	bacteroides melaninogenicus requires vitamin k for normal growth. cells incubated in a vitamin k-free medium form defective cell envelopes. studies with vitamin k-grown "k(+)" and vitamin k-depleted "k(-)" cells showed that [(14)c]choline and [(14)c]glycerol were not taken up, but several amino acids and acetate were incorporated to the same degree by both types of cultures. however, k(-) cells incorporated succinate to a greater degree than did k(+) cultures. the relative incorporation of succi ...	1972	5025467
in vitro evaluation of actinobolin as an antibiotic for the treatment of periodontal disease.	actinobolin was evaluated in vitro by a paper disc-agar diffusion method for inhibitory activity against mixed microbial cultures obtained from patients with periodontal disease and against pure bacterial cultures tentatively identified as strains of bacteroides melaninogenicus, fusobacterium fusiforme, leptotrichia buccalis, and veillonella parvula. every culture tested was inhibited to some degree by actinobolin. these observations suggest that actinobolin may be effective in the treatment of ...	1972	5059624
[effect of bacteroides melaninogenicus on dentin in vitro].		1972	4558120
the 3-ketodihydrosphingosine synthetase of bacteroides melaninogenicus: induction by vitamin k.		1973	4730806
biosynthetic precursors of vitamin k as growth promoters for bacteroides melaninogenicus.	the growth of a vitamin k-requiring strain of bacteroides melaninogenicus was promoted by some postulated and proven biosynthetic precursors of bacterial menaquinones, 1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoic acid, shikimic acid, chorismic acid, and 4(2'-carboxyphenyl)-4-oxobutyric acid. growth of the organism with [2',4-(14)c(2)]-4(2'-carboxy phenyl)-4-oxobutyric acid as the vitamin k replacement gave rise to a mixture of radioactive menaquinone-9 and menaquinone-10; the dilution factor for this incorporation ...	1973	4745437
[an immunological study on infectious mechanism of bacteroides melaninogenicus].		1973	4514775
[bacteroides melaninogenicus. morphological and biochemical characters].		1973	4516773
antiphagocytic effects of the capsular structure of a pathogenic strain of bacteroides melaninogenicus.		1973	4519681
[study on the collagenase activity of oral strains of bacteroides melaninogenicus].		1973	4353835
collagenolytic activity of dental plaque associated with periodontal pathology.	certain dental plaques, removed from sites of gingival and periodontal pathology in mentally retarded, institutionalized individuals, when incubated in phosphate buffer with achilles tendon collagen, gave rise to an increase in ninhydrin-positive material. these plaques, while showing great variability, released significantly more ninhydrin-positive material per milligram of plaque (wet weight) than did either the endogenous or heat-treated controls. certain plaques could also break down soluble ...	1974	4361294
acute suppurative thyroiditis caused by bacteroides melaninogenicus.		1974	4408154
susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria to carbenicillin.	one hundred and seventy-one strains of anaerobes were tested for susceptibility to carbenicillin by using agar dilution, broth dilution, and two disk diffusion methods. the minimal inhibitory concentration (mic) for 67% of 51 strains of bacteroides fragilis, 7 of 9 strains of bacteroides melaninogenicus, and all of 8 strains of eubacterium was 100 mug or less per ml. the mics of the remaining anaerobes were 50 mug or less per ml. the broth dilution results were felt to be the most accurate of th ...	1974	4462461
a delayed hypersensitivity in animals immunized with bacteroides melaninogenicus.		1974	4526974
haemagglutinating activity of bacteroides melaninogenicus.		1974	4527823
a comparison of some characteristics of reference strains of bacteroides or alis with bacteroides melaninogenicus.		1974	4531885
subgrouping of bacteroides melaninogenicus from the pattern of volatile fatty acid production.		1974	4534664
antibodies reacting with lipopolysaccharides from bacteroides melaninogenicus, in serum from normal human subjects.		1974	4856196
[nutritional requirements of bacteroides melaninogenicus].		1974	4154688
[serological studies of bacteroides melaninogenicus].		1974	4154689
the effect of chlorhexidine on oral anaerobes in relation to mixed infection.		1974	4157198
[surgical cements and bacteroides melaninogenicus: clinical and microbiological studies].		1974	4157223
determination of bacteroides melaninogenicus serogroups by fluorescent antibody staining.	fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled antibody reagents (conjugates) were prepared to one strain of each of the three subspecies of bacteroides melaninogenicus: b. melaninogenicus subsp. melaninogenicus, b. melaninogenicus subsp. asaccharolyticus, and b. melaninogenicus subsp. intermedius. these three conjugates were specific; thus, they provided a new serological classification of b. melaninogenicus. the three serogroups were designated a, b, and c. most test strains (98%) isolated from human clin ...	1974	4609033
rapid screening of veillonella by ultraviolet fluorescence.	among 51 strains of anaerobic gram-negative cocci belonging to the family veillonellaceae, all strains of veillonella (v. parvula and v. alcalescens) displayed red fluorescence under long-wave (366 nm) ultraviolet light, whereas no acidaminococcus or megasphaera demonstrated fluorescence. in contrast to bacteroides melaninogenicus, growth of veillonella does not require hemin and menadione, and flourescence is rapidly lost upon exposure to air. the fluorescent component of a strain of v. parvula ...	1975	1419
local antibody production in guinea pigs by gingival inoculation of bacteroides melaninogenicus.		1975	23908
survival of anaerobic and aerobic bacteria on cotton swabs in three transport systems.	the capacity of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria to survive on cotton swabs placed into a dry gassed-out co2-filled tube (dgt), dry sterile aerobic tube (dat), and a tube containing a modified stuarts' transport medium (mst), was assessed. pseudomonas aeruginosa increased in numbers by 2 and 3 logs when stored in mst and dat, respectively. the viability of p. aeruginosa, although retarded when compared to msa and dat, was not adversely affected by the co2 environment in the dgt. the mst maintaine ...	1975	240870
recovery and clearance rates of oral microorganisms following experimental bacteraemias in dogs.		1975	242303
distribution of a k-antigen among oral strains of bacteroides melaninogenicus.		1975	1055017
sensitivity of a bacteroides melaninogenicus strain to monosaccharides: effect on enzyme induction.	the inhibition of growth in bacteroides melaninogenicus by sugars in described. monosaccharides such as d-glucose, d-galactose, d-mannose, and d-fructose are inhibitory at low concentrations, whereas the disaccharides sucrose and lactose are not inhibitory even at high concentrations. the major inhibitory effect of the sugar is found during the transition of lag to logarithmic growth phases. there was no primary effect of d-glucose on protein, ribonucleic acid, or deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis ...	1975	1116985
comparative susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria to minocycline, doxycycline, and tetracycline.	the comparative susceptibility of 622 recent clinical isolates of anaerobic bacteria to minocycline, doxycycline, and tetracycline was determined by an agar-dilution technique. in addition to bacteroides fragilis, a variety of other anaerobic bacteria was resistant to achievable blood concentrations of tetracycline (55% inhibited by 6.25 mug/ml) and doxycycline (58% inhibited by 2.5 mug/ml). in contrast, minocycline was significantly more active (p < 0.05) than both doxycycline and tetracycline, ...	1975	1137358
antibiotic-disc tests for rapid identification of non-sporing anaerobes.	the sensitivity patterns to a number of antibiotic-impregnated discs of 126 strains of gram-negative anaerobes and 36 strains of gram-positive non-sporing anaerobes from various sources have been examined. the sensitivity patterns shown by bacteroids fragilis and bacteroides melaninogenicus were useful for the rapid identification of these organisms. consistent and useful sensitivity patterns were not shown by the gram-positive anaerobes.	1975	1150890
an experimental comparison of thiol broth with brewer's thioglycollate for anaerobic blood cultures.	in a series of simulated blood culture experiments, small inocula of eight different strains of bacteroides and five strains of anaerobic cocci were added to difco thiol broth and southern group brewer's thioglycollate. both methods enabled all of the strains to be isolated after one to three days' incubation, with the exception of bacteroides melaninogenicus, and most strains to survive after one week. b. melaninogenicus grew more quickly in difco thiol broth than in southern group brewer's whe ...	1975	1150892
fusobacterium necrophorum and bacteroides melaninogenicus as etiologic agents of foot rot in cattle.	fusobacterium necrophorum (sphaerophorus necrophorus) and bacteroides melaninogenicus were the predominant bacteria isolated from biopsy specimens of lesions in cattle affected with foot rot. mixed inoculums of the 2 bacteria, applied to the scarified interdigital skin or inoculated intradermally into the interdigital skin of test cattle, induced typical lesions of foot rot. both bacteria were reisolated in large numbers from the induced lesions.	1975	1155832
experimentally induced foot rot in feedlot cattle fed rations containing organic iodine (ethylenediamine dihydriodide) and urea.	foot rot was experimentally induced in feedlot cattle with a mixed inoculum of fusobacterium necrophorum (sphaerophorus necrophus) and bacteroides melaninogenicus. both bacteria were isolated from the lesions. isolates of f necrophorum from 2 of the lesions were serologically compared, using a passive hemagglutination test with the strain used to induce the lesions. these isolates were serologically similar but not identical, indicating antigenic change had occurred during animal passage. the ad ...	1976	1275334
a study of the pigment produced by bacteroides melaninogenicus.		1976	12196
septicemia caused by ristella.		1976	12929
the cellular hypersensitivity in guinea pigs immunized with bacteroides melaninogenicus through gingiva.		1976	26475
efficient fractionation of collagenolytic sample from oral bacteroides melaninogenicus.		1976	26476
the polysaccharide capsule of bacteroides fragilis subspecies fragilis: immunochemical and morphologic definition.	a large-molecular-weight capsular polysaccharide was isolated from strains of bacteroides fragilis subspecies fragilis. by means of electron microscopy and staining with ruthenium red, the thick polysaccharide capsule was also visualized. with use of a radioactive antigen-binding assay, antibody to this capsular polysaccharide was demonstrated in antisera prepared in rabbits to each of eight strains of b. fragilis fragilis. antibody of similar specificity was not found in antisera prepared to ba ...	1976	1451
description of a polyvalent conjugate and a new serogroup of bacteroides melaninogenicus by fluorescent antibody staining.	a polyvalent conjugate (fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled antibody reagent) containing serogroups a, b, and c conjugates was prepared. this polyvalent conjugate gave a positive fluorescent antibody (fa) stain with 49 stains of bacteroides melaninogenicus representing serogroups a, b, and c. when additional strains (92 strains) of the three subspecies of b. melaninogenicus were examined by the fa stain, with a, b, and c, and polyvalent conjugates, nine strains of b. melaninogenicus subsp. interm ...	1976	6487
should fiberoptic bronchoscopy aspirates be cultured?	the reliability of fiberoptic bronchoscopy as a method to study the bacteriology of the lower respiratory tract was tested. the procedure used was suction aspiration through the inner channel after topical anesthesia with lidocaine. to detect contamination by oropharyngeal bacteria, the aspirates were cultured in patients with no evidence of active infection, comparison was made with results of transtracheal aspiration cultures, and the aspirate was tested for the presence of an oral dye marker. ...	1976	7173
antibodies reactive with leptotrichia buccalis in human serum from infancy to adulthood.		1976	8029
influence of pencillinase production by strains of bacteroides melaninogenicus and bacteriodes oralis on pencillin therapy of an experimental mixed anaerobic infection in mice.		1976	8031
influence of amino acids on the growth of bacteroides melaninogenicus.	addition of individual amino acids to a trypticase-yeast extract-hemin medium affected growth rates and final yields of an asaccharolytic strain and a saccharolytic strain of bacteroides melaninogenicus. l-aspartate or l-asparagine produced maximal growth enhancement for both strains. l-14caspartate was fermented by resting cells of the asaccharolytic strain. l-cysteine or l-serine also enhanced growth for the saccharolytic strain. however, growth of the saccharolytic strain was inhibited by l-l ...	1976	8425
blastogenic response of human lymphocytes to oral bacterial antigens: comparison of individuals with periodontal disease to normal and edentulous subjects.	cell-mediated immunity in humans to antigens derived from oral plaque bacteria was investigated by using the lymphocyte blastogenesis assay. subjects with varying severities of periodontal disease including normal, gingivitis, periodontitis, and edentulous were compared. mononuclear leukocytes were separated from peripheral blood and cultured with antigens prepared by sonication of actinomyces viscosus (av), actinomyces naeslundii (an), veillonella alcalescens (va), leptotrichia buccalis (lb), b ...	1976	10259
characterization of bacteroides melaninogenicus.	fifty-eight human isolates of bacteroides melaninogenicus, 42 from a variety of clinical infections and the rest from normal flora, were studied for pigment production and ultraviolet light fluorescence and by forty biochemical and other tests, including end-product analysis by gas-liquid chromatography. in a number of instances, tests were repeated several times and the results were reproducible. agar plate dilution susceptibility tests were also performed to 12 antimicrobial agents. these 58 s ...	1976	10317
bacterial interference by oropharynegeal and clinical isolates of anaerobic bacteria.	anaerobic isolates were tested for bacterial inhibitory activity. of 144 isolates, 102 were from oropharynegeal washings, and 42 were from clinical specimens. thirteen facultative bacterial species (seven members of the enterobacteriaceae and six species of gram-positive cocci) were used as indicators of inhibition. eleven anaerobic species were isolated from oral secretions. all isolates of bacteroides melaninogenicus, the most commonly recovered species, consistently inhibited several species ...	1976	10336
susceptibility of phosphomycin as a differential character for gram negative anaerobic bacilli.		1976	11203
evaluation of enrichment, storage, and age of blood agar medium in relation to its ability to support growth of anaerobic bacteria.	by measuring the colony size of a variety of anaerobic bacteria isolated from clinical specimens, an evaluation was made of the benefits derived from the addition of several enrichments to blood agar medium commonly used for the growth of anaerobes. similar methods were used to study the effects of various storage conditions and age of the medium. the results were compared with those obtained on freshly prepared and enriched blood agar plates as well as commercially available blood agar plates. ...	1976	11226
comparison of the biochemical properties of bacteroides melaninogenicus from human dental plaque and other sites.		1976	14095
bacteroides: an unusual cause of breast abscess.	three cases of breast abscess from which the non-sporing anaerobe bacteroides was isolated are described. this organism has apparently not previously been reported as a cause of abscess in a breast without underlying malignancy.	1976	59152