Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| togaviridae. | the family togaviridae is described; it contains four genera--alphavirus, flavivirus, pestivirus and rubivirus--and additional members. the main characteristics of the family are as follows: single-stranded, linear rna, molecular weight about 4 x 10(6). virions have isometric nucleocapsids surrounded by a lipoprotein envelope containing host cell lipid and virus-specified polypeptides including one or more glycopeptides. virions yield infectious rna. there are at least 80 members; all the alphav ... | 1978 | 618831 |
| nonarbo-togaviridae: comparative hydrodynamic properties of the pestivirus genus. brief report. | the sedimentation coefficient and buoyant density of hog cholera, bovine viral diarrhea and border disease viruses, have been compared with those of representative members of the family togaviridae. it appears that the pestivirus genus is a homogeneous group which is not only antigenically but also structurally, unrelated to the other genera of the togavirus family. | 1979 | 232414 |
| [border disease: a persistent virus infection in sheep (author's transl)]. | border disease (bd) is a congenital infection of sheep characterised by still-birth, abortion and the birth of weak lambs with nervous symptoms and sometimes an abnormally hairy birthcoat. the lambs are almost constantly trembling or shaking, they often have an erratic gait and in severe cases are unable to rise. the nervous signs are due to a defective myelinogensis of the central nervous system and tend to disappear at a later age. many affected lambs die shortly after birth and those which su ... | 1980 | 6252652 |
| specific fluorescein-labeled antibodies to bovine viral diarrhea virus prepared from sera of rabbits immunized with purified virus. | specific fluorescein-labeled antibody conjugates to three strains of bovine virus diarrhea virus were prepared from hyperimmune rabbit sera. viruses used to hyperimmunize the rabbits were purified by four different procedures. conjugates were comparable in quality and specificity to conjugates prepared from serum of a calf hyperimmunized to bovine virus diarrhea virus in our laboratory. the latter conjugate was tested by biologics laboratories, national veterinary services, u.s.d.a., ames, iowa. | 1980 | 6253035 |
| growth characteristics of two strains of bovine virus diarrhoea virus. | the replication cycles of a cytopathogenic and a non-cytopathogenic strain of bovine virus diarrhoea virus (bvdv) were similar in kinetics and the tendency of cell-free infectivity to exceed the titre of cell-associated, but differed in virus yield per cell. actinomycin d enhanced the yield of the non-cytopathogenic strain and depressed that of the cytopathogenic strain. | 1980 | 6255903 |
| survey for antibodies to viruses of bovine virus diarrhea, bluetongue, and epizootic hemorrhagic disease in hunter-killed mule deer in new mexico. | sera from male mule deer (odocoileus hemionus) collected in november 1977 in otero county, new mexico were tested fro antibodies to bovine virus diarrhea virus (bvdv), bluetongue virus (btv), and epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (ehdv). neutralizing antibodies were detected in 26 of 76 (34%) sera tested for bvdv (titer greater than or equal to 1:16). of 46 sera tested for antibodies to btv and ehdv, 10 (22%) and 3 (7%), respectively, were positive. three (7%) of 46 sera were suspect (titer < ... | 1980 | 6256331 |
| immune responsiveness in cattle fatally affected by bovine virus diarrhea-mucosal disease. | 1980 | 6258359 | |
| analysis of soluble bovine viral diarrhoea virus antigens and serological relationship to virus structural glycoproteins. | 1980 | 6261488 | |
| pathogenicity for the sheep foetus of bovine virus diarrhoea-mucosal disease virus of bovine origin. | 1980 | 6263404 | |
| isolation of bovine virus diarrhoea virus from a scottish red deer. | 1980 | 6266120 | |
| [serological studies of the dissemination of neutralizing antibodies against the mucosal disease-viral diarrhea virus in cattle]. | during a serological study of 56 samples from cows, taken from prosperous farms, were proved in 37.5% neutralizing antibodies against the md-vd, whereas the study of 89 samples from cows, taken from failing farms, the neutralizing antibodies against the same virus were 50.3%. out of the 145 serum samples from calves, originating from prosperous farms 30.5% proved positive for neutralizing antibodies against the md virus. out of the 151 samples from calves, originating from failing farms, 65.7% p ... | 1980 | 6267768 |
| the isolation of a probable pestivirus from a goat. | 1981 | 6268035 | |
| differences in reaction behaviour of structural polypeptides of bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) with antisera against bvdv and hog cholera virus (hcv). | 1981 | 6269332 | |
| demonstration of bovine viral diarrhea virus antigen in cryostat- and paraffin-sections of bovine tissues by the immunoperoxidase technique. | an immunoperoxidase technique (ipt) for the demonstration of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) antigen in tissue sections is presented. the method was applied to cryostat sections and to alcohol fixed, paraffin embedded specimens. the specificity as well as the sensitivity of the ipt corresponded to the immunofluorescence technique (ift), and the specimen processing methods used represented an improvement of the histomorphological preservation of tissue structures. | 1981 | 6274148 |
| monospecific fluorescent antiserum for study of bovine viral diarrhoea virus. | 1981 | 6274290 | |
| [concentration of the mucosal disease (md/vd) virus from infected cattle intestines for the agar gel precipitation (agp) test]. | 1981 | 6274301 | |
| vertical transmission of border disease infection. | 1981 | 6274927 | |
| [detection of pi-3 viruses, bvd-md viruses and parvoviruses in bovine fetuses after experimental intrauterine infections]. | growing organ cultures prepared from foetuses experimentally infected in utero by the viruses pi-3 and bvd-md or bovine parvovirus proved to be suitable in tests with the re-isolation of these viruses 7, 14, 21, 35, 42 and 70 days after infection. the attempts at demonstrating them by the traditional method of the inoculation of the primary cell culture of foetal kidneys were successful only at the re-isolation of the pi-3 virus seven days after infection. the pi-3 virus without cytopathic effec ... | 1981 | 6277080 |
| [multiplication of the ibr, pi-3 and bvd-md viruses in cell and organ cultures of bovine fetuses after experimental intrauterine infections]. | the intrauterine infection of four- to nine-month-old bovine foetuses with the pi-3, bvd-md viruses, performed 7 to 72 days prior to their delivery, did not exert any significant influence upon the susceptibility of primary cell cultures from foetal organs and tissues to further viral infection in vitro. the bvd-md and ibr viruses multiplied in the primary cell cultures from the organs of a foetus infected with the pi-3 virus seven days before delivery even in the presence of endogenous pi-3 vir ... | 1981 | 6277081 |
| effects of incubation temperatures and bovine viral diarrhea virus immune serum on bovine turbinate cells persistently infected with a noncytopathogenic isolate of bovine viral diarrhea virus. | noncytopathogenic bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) on initial inoculation in receptive cells induced a persistence in vitro at incubation temperatures of 33, 37, and 39 c. the mechanisms of this persistence were not the result of the induction of defective interfering particles or the selection of temperature-sensitive mutants, but were the result of a naturally occurring noncytopathogenic isolate of bvdv. persistently infected cells were not freed of the infection by continuous passage in med ... | 1981 | 6277214 |
| detection of antibodies against hog cholera virus and bovine viral diarrhea virus in porcine serum. a comparative examination using cf, pla and npla assays. | 1981 | 6266240 | |
| border disease: virus persistence, antibody response and transmission studies. | three groups of five and one group of four oestrus-synchronised sheep were inoculated with border disease (bd) virus at 52 +/- 2 days after their first service. transmission of virus to offspring as demonstrated by virus isolation, detection of viral antigen and, or antibody response occurred in 12 of 19 sheep and probably in four others which aborted or produced stillborn lambs. both apparently normal and clinically affected animals excreted virus in saliva, urine and faeces, and excretion and ... | 1981 | 6265995 |
| [comparative studies of plaque formation by strains of the mucosal disease-viral diarrhea virus (md-vd)]. | studied was the phenomenon of plaque forming with 2 local and 1 reference cytopathogenic strain of the md-vd virus in cell cultures of calf kidney and testis. studied was also the effect of trypsin in the preliminary treatment of the cell culture as well as the varying composition of the cover medium. the strains were found to form plaques that were varying in type and size. the ratio between the large and small plaques as well as the percent of plaques having unclear edges could serve as tentat ... | 1981 | 6285589 |
| bovine viral diarrhea virus: affinity chromatography on crotalaria juncea lectin. | attempts were made to purify bovine viral diarrhea virus by chromatography on crotalaria juncea lectin coupled to sepharose 2b. a recovery of abut 65% of viral infectivity after desorption was obtained. electron microscopy revealed mostly de-enveloped particles, rather uniform in appearance but differing in size. immunodiffusion tests with immune calf sera showed precipitation lines of identity between the desorbed virus and extracts from infected cell cultures. | 1981 | 6262351 |
| virus-like particles in bovine turbinate cells infected with bovine virus diarrhoea/mucosal disease virus. | thin sections of bovine turbinate cells grown in culture and infected with the nadl strain of bovine virus diarrhoea/mucosal disease virus have been examined by electron microscopy. infected cells exhibited ultrastructural modification of the rough endoplasmic reticulum and associated with this small numbers of virus-like particles were observed. advanced stages of cytopathic effect were illustrated by cells showing a marked increase in electron-density. these features were not observed in uninf ... | 1981 | 6263227 |
| propagation of the kakegawa strain of bovine coronavirus in suckling mice, rats and hamsters. | the kakegawa strain of bovine coronavirus was easily propagated in suckling mice. infected animals died with nervous symptoms, and serial passage was readily accomplished by intracerebral inoculation with brain emulsions. the 3rd passage viral material from infected mice evoked the same disease in suckling mice, rats and hamsters inoculated by the intracerebral or by the subcutaneous route. viruses recovered from mice, rats and hamsters could be clearly differentiated from mouse hepatitis virus ... | 1981 | 6263232 |
| virologic study of the reproductive tract in dairy cows. | from aug 1, 1979 to aug 15, 1980, a total of 624 samples were collected from the vaginas, cervices, and uteri of 208 dairy cows 30 to 37 days after parturition. an additional 90 samples were collected from the reproductive tracts from 30 of the 208 cows. the 30 cows had aborted or were repeat breeders. samples from cows that had aborted were collected within a week after clinical abortion or immediately after rectal palpation revealed subclinical abortion. all samples were tested for the presenc ... | 1982 | 6285771 |
| border disease: tissue culture studies of the virus in sheep. | a california strain of border disease (bd) virus was isolated from the cns and spleen of an infected lamb and was propagated without cytopathic effect on 2 tissue culture systems. viral antigen was detected in the cytoplasm of infected cells by immunofluorescence. the growth curve of this bd virus in primary sheep choroid plexus cells revealed a latent period of 12 hours and peak viral production by 36 hours after inoculation. the growth curve in porcine kidney cells (pk-15) demonstrated a laten ... | 1982 | 6285783 |
| border disease: experimental reproduction in sheep, using a virus replicated in tissue culture. | 1982 | 6285784 | |
| [attempts at isolating a precipitating antigen from a cell culture of bovine virus diarrhea-mucosal disease virus]. | 1982 | 6287711 | |
| border disease in norway. serological examination of affected sheep flocks. | 1982 | 6287822 | |
| a microtiter test for detecting and titrating noncytopathogenic bovine viral diarrhea virus. | bovine cells free of noncytopathogenic bovine viral diarrhea virus (nc-bvdv) treated with polyriboinosinic acid : polyribocytidylic acid (poly i:c) were protected against challenge with vesicular stomatitis virus (vsv), whereas nc-bvdv-infected cells treated with poly i:c were not protected against vsv. an assay based on the ability of nc-bvdv to inhibit poly i:c protection of cells against vsv was developed and is herein referred to as pinba (poly i:c for nc-bvdv assay). noncytopathogenic bvdv ... | 1982 | 6287973 |
| experimental fetal infection with bovine viral diarrhea virus. ii. morphological reactions and distribution of viral antigen. | the effect of an infection with bovine viral diarrhea virus on fetal bovine tissues as well as the tissue-localization of viral antigen are described. four bovine fetuses, 120-165 days of gestation, were inoculated in utero with a second passage virus strain. lymphoid tissues were studied by light and electron microscopy. the infection induced precocious development of the secondary lymphoid organs. characteristic changes were seen in postcapillary venules, cells of the mononuclear phagocyte sys ... | 1982 | 6293688 |
| [serological study of the bovine virus diarrhea-mucosal disease]. | employed were the virus-neutralization test (vnt), the complement-fixation tests (cft), and the immunodiffusion test (it) in the study of serum samples of calves on a total of 25 farms that had records of virus diarrhea-mucosal disease (vd-md) in the course of two years. samples were also taken from calves in the initial phase of the same disease in the course of four months. the blood of experimentally infected calves waw likewise sampled for three months. it was found that the stage of infecti ... | 1982 | 6294968 |
| studies with an unclassified virus isolated from diarrheic calves. | a transmissible agent (breda agent) was isolated from a calf with diarrhea and shown to be infectious by inoculation orally into gnotobiotic and conventionally reared calves. the "breda" agent had the morphology of a virus and possessed a hemagglutinin. antigenic studies showed the virus to be antigenically different from bovine coronavirus, parainfluenza 3 virus, bovine rotavirus, bovine parvovirus and bovine pestivirus (bvd). attempts to culture the virus in cell or organ cultures or in embryo ... | 1982 | 7051518 |
| electron microscopic studies of bovine viral diarrhea virus in tissues of diseased calves and in cell cultures. | pathomorphological studies by electron microscopy (em) were carried out on the intestines and lymphoid tissues, the buffy coat cells and cultured lymphocytes from calves suffering from mucosal disease (md). this led to the detection of particles, 45--55 nm in diameter, within characteristic vesicular structures. as these findings coincided with the isolation of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) from the same tissues and demonstration of bvdv-antigen by immunocytochemical techniques in correspon ... | 1982 | 6279056 |
| [on the occurrence of the viral diarrhea/mucosal disease virus in cervines in rheinland-pfalz (author's transl)]. | 1982 | 6280950 | |
| [abortion, stillbirth, runting, deaths of lambs in two sheep herds--border disease in the federal republic? (author's transl)]. | 1982 | 6280956 | |
| [kinetic study of the multiplication of the mucosal disease--viral diarrhea virus in homologous cell cultures]. | comparative studies were carried out on two local cytopathic strains of the virus of mucous disease-viral diarrhoea in primary cell cultures of fetal calf kidney and cell cultures of normal calf kidney in order to ascertain the yield of the virus and the development of a cytopathic effect. it was found that the amount of virus of the strain with strongly manifested cytopathic effect was directly proportional to its activity in the cell cultures of fetal calf kidney. highest titers of the virus w ... | 1982 | 6301142 |
| border disease virus infection of the newborn lamb. | 1983 | 6301617 | |
| elimination of contaminating bovine viral diarrhea virus from bovine respiratory syncytial virus stock. | 1983 | 6306037 | |
| a bovine virus diarrhea calfhood vaccination trial in a persistently infected herd: effects on titres, health and growth. | a controlled calfhood vaccination trial to prevent bovine virus diarrhea was conducted in a 100 head cow-calf operation with a three year history of annual calf losses due to enteric bovine virus diarrhea (persistently infected herd). approximately 50% of the calves were vaccinated at six, 12 and 24 weeks of age. paired serum samples and growth data were collected on three occasions for comparison between vaccinates and controls. three vaccinated calves died of enteric bovine virus diarrhea in t ... | 1983 | 6309345 |
| the pathology of a spontaneous and experimental mucosal disease-like syndrome in sheep recovered from clinical border disease. | the pathological changes which accompanied a severe clinical syndrome characterized by intractable diarrhoea and/or respiratory distress in sheep recovered from clinical border disease consisted of inflammatory lymphoproliferative lesions in several organs, notably the cns and intestinal tract. the syndrome has been reproduced experimentally by "super-infection" with homologous border disease virus. the differential diagnosis is discussed and attention drawn to the similarity between the enteric ... | 1983 | 6309922 |
| virology and immunology of a spontaneous and experimental mucosal disease-like syndrome in sheep recovered from clinical border disease. | a disease similar to mucosal disease (md) of cattle has occurred spontaneously in sheep clinically recovered from border disease (bd). evidence is presented to suggest that, in such animals, a specific and dynamic equilibrium exists between an attenuated form of the virus and the immunotolerant host. upset of this equilibrium either by injection of bd virus of the same strain or by some unknown spontaneous event appears to lead to the reassertion of viral pathogenicity with fatal consequences. | 1983 | 6309923 |
| characterization of virus-specific rna synthesized in bovine cells infected with bovine viral diarrhea virus. | infection of bovine kidney cells with bovine viral diarrhea virus resulted in the synthesis of a single species of virus-specific rna. electrophoresis of this rna on agarose-urea and agarose-formaldehyde gels indicated that it had a molecular weight of 2.9 x 10(6), corresponding to 8,200 bases (8.2 kilobases). this 8.2-kilobase rna was resistant to rnase a treatment at 1 microgram/ml but was digested at higher concentrations of rnase (10 micrograms/ml). sedimentation on neutral sucrose gradients ... | 1983 | 6310155 |
| clinical variations of border disease in sheep according to the source of the inoculum. | non-cytopathogenic pestivirus obtained from lambs with border disease, with or without nervous signs, was inoculated into pregnant ewes at 57 to 65 days of gestation. live lambs born to inoculated ewes were clinically identical to the lambs from which virus was obtained, ie, either a hairy birth coat with central nervous system disturbance or a hairy birth coat without central nervous system disturbance. | 1983 | 6310846 |
| pathology in the ovine foetus caused by an ovine pestivirus. | homogenised tissues or tissue culture supernatant fluid containing a noncytopathic pestivirus obtained from a lamb with a neurologic form of border disease, were inoculated into ewes at different stages of pregnancy. foetal death occurred in 9 ewes of those inoculated between 19 and 47 days of pregnancy while 3 ewes did not lamb. eight of the foetuses were aborted between 77 and 132 days of pregnancy; of these 6 were autolysed or mummified and one had arthrogryposis. the one full-term dead lamb ... | 1983 | 6311154 |
| characterization of the major structural proteins of purified bovine viral diarrhea virus. | bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) was concentrated and purified by a combination of ultrafiltration, hydroextraction using polyethylene glycol and affinity chromatography. a lectin from crotalaria juncea that has an affinity for galactose was used in the affinity chromatography. virions of bvdv with classic envelopes were observed by electron microscopy. four major proteins with estimated molecular weights of 75,000, 66,000, 54,000, and 26,000 were identified in sodium dodecyl sulfate--polyacry ... | 1983 | 6312929 |
| bovine viral diarrhea virus: purification of surface proteins in detergent-containing buffers by fast protein liquid chromatography. | bovine viral diarrhea virus was purified by lectin chromatography. the glycoprotein peplomers were dissociated from the virion by treatment with detergent. by a second lectin gel chromatography the glycoconjugates containing terminal galactose were prepared. in combination with lectin affinity chromatography, ion-exchange chromatography on mono-q in the presence of the low-uv-absorbing detergent berol 172 proved to be a powerful technique both for analytical and preparative applications. | 1983 | 6313724 |
| congenital infections with nonarbo togaviruses. | the present review deals with the similarities and differences of selected aspects of prenatal pestivirus infections of domestic animals and congenital rubella of man. hog cholera virus, bovine virus diarrhoea virus and border disease virus are antigenically closely related, but unrelated to rubella virus. the nonarbo togaviruses are capable of producing congenital infections resulting in a wide spectrum of abnormalities. the infected foetus can die in utero, in the neonatal period, or it may be ... | 1983 | 6314636 |
| characteristics of the polyriboinosinic acid:polyribocytidylic acid assay for noncytopathogenic bovine viral diarrhea virus. | the use of polyriboinosinic acid:polyribocytidylic acid (poly i:c) for noncytopathogenic bovine viral diarrhea virus (nc-bvdv) assay (pinba) was studied. several viruses were tested for their suitability as test challenge viruses. in addition to vesicular stomatitis virus, which previously was shown to be a suitable challenge virus, bovine enteroviruses also were found to be suitable, whereas infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus and parainfluenza type 3 virus were only marginally suitable. bo ... | 1983 | 6314854 |
| antibodies against viral pathogens in dairy cattle in colombia. | 1983 | 6316593 | |
| studies on transplacental transmissibility of a bovine virus diarrhoea (bvd) vaccine virus. i. inoculation of pregnant cows 15 to 90 days before parturition (190th to 265th day of gestation). | 1983 | 6316696 | |
| attempted reactivation of latent bovine herpesvirus 1 infection in calves by infection with ruminant pestiviruses. | three calves, latently infected with bovine herpesvirus 1 (bhv 1), were each inoculated intranasally with 9 strains of ruminant pestivirus (bvdv). all three calves developed a biphasic pyrexia and a lymphopenia followed by a neutrophilia. they did not shed bhv 1 in their nasal secretions in the 14 days following bvdv inoculation, and their bhv 1 antibody levels remained static, as did those of 2 control calves not given bvdv. all five calves were subsequently shown to be latently infected with b ... | 1983 | 6318422 |
| suppression of neutrophil and lymphocyte function induced by a vaccinal strain of bovine viral diarrhea virus with and without the administration of acth. | effects of a modified live vaccine (mlv) strain of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvd) on lymphocyte and neutrophil function were determined in cattle with and without increased plasma cortisol (hydrocortisone) concentrations. cattle were given mlv-bvd vaccine im and intranasally. cattle given acth received 200 iu every 12 hours for 10 doses. the mlv-bvd virus when administered alone caused no apparent clinical signs or body temperature response. of 4 mlv-bvd-treated calves that were also given ac ... | 1983 | 6318614 |
| variation of virus replication in primary bovine kidney cell cultures derived from 68 three-day-old calves. | primary kidney cell cultures were prepared from 68 three-day-old calves. complete monolayers of these cultures were infected separately with viral diarrhea, infectious bovine rhinotracheitis, parainfluenza, and adenovirus 7 viruses. the yield of virus from all infected cultures was calculated by plaque titer assay after 2 to 4 days' incubation. the variation of virus yield was substantial between individual cultures. | 1983 | 6318615 |
| reverse plaque formation method for titration of non-cytopathogenic bovine viral diarrhea-mucosal disease virus. | the reverse plaque formation (rpf) method with a semi-micro plate was applied to the titration of a non-cytopathogenic (non-cp) strain of bovine viral diarrhea-mucosal disease (bvd-md) virus. all the five non-cp strains used in this experiment formed reverse plaques (rp) on bovine testicle cell culture under methyl cellulose overlay. the rpf was inhibited by the pretreatment of a non-cp virus strain with immune rabbit serum to a reference strain. the specificity of the rpf method was demonstrate ... | 1983 | 6097820 |
| detection of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis and bovine viral diarrhea viruses in the nasal epithelial cells by the direct immunofluorescence technique. | nasal epithelial cells were collected by cotton swabs for the diagnosis in experimental and field cases of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis and field cases of bovine viral diarrhea in calves. a portion of the cells was washed twice in phosphate buffered saline and a 25 microl drop was placed on microscope slides. the cells were dried, fixed and stained according to the direct fluorescent antibody technique. another portion of the same specimen was inoculated onto primary bovine skin cell cultur ... | 1983 | 6299484 |
| pathogenesis of bovine viral diarrhoea-mucosal disease: distribution and significance of bvdv antigen in diseased calves. | the distribution of bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) antigen in tissues of animals with acute and chronic bovine viral diarrhoea-mucosal disease (bvd-md) was examined using improved indirect immunofluorescence and indirect immunoperoxidase staining methods on cryostat and paraffin wax tissue sections. in lymphoid tissues the antigen was principally located in cells belonging to the mononuclear located in cells belonging to the mononuclear phagocyte system and in other cells with antigen-retai ... | 1983 | 6300980 |
| clinical evaluation of a temperature-sensitive bovine viral diarrhea vaccine strain. | a naturally occurring strain of bovine viral diarrhea (bvd) virus was chemically treated to produce a genetically stable, temperature-sensitive mutant, designated rit 4350. the rit 4350 strain had a restrictive growth temperature of 39.5 c, so that systemic replication or fetal infection was not detected after parenteral administration in cattle. the rit 4350 strain was tested as a cell culture-adapted vaccine in healthy heifers, immunodepressed calves, and pregnant cows. in a pathogenicity test ... | 1984 | 6098205 |
| [immunofluorescent diagnosis of rota-, corona- and pestivirus infections in calves]. | bovine hyperimmune fluorescent sera were obtained for indication of the rota- and corona-virus infections in calves, which were highly specific and of immunofluorescent titers within the 1:32-64 range. their testing was carried out via the direct immunofluorescence method, using histologic cross-sectioned material and impression preparations of the mucous membrane of calves died of enteritis as well as cell cultures of fetal calf kidney and organic cultures of calf trachea all contaminated, resp ... | 1984 | 6098987 |
| use of an immunoperoxidase stain for the demonstration of bovine viral diarrhea virus by light and electron microscopies. | bovine viral diarrhea (bvd) virus-specific antiserum eluted from an immunoabsorbent column was conjugated with horseradish peroxidase. the immunoperoxidase (ip) conjugate was used to stain bvd virus-inoculated and control tissue cultures processed for light and electron microscopies. infected cells (in the inoculated cultures) viewed by light microscopy had diffuse staining of the cytoplasm of nonvacuolated cells and a more predominant staining associated with vacuoles as vacuolation occurred. t ... | 1984 | 6200012 |
| a study of serologic relationships among non-cytopathogenic strains of bovine viral diarrhea-mucosal disease virus by reverse plaque technique. | 1984 | 6210389 | |
| [replication of the cytopathogenic and noncytopathogenic bvd virus in culture. i. quantitative and fluorescence serological comparison]. | 1984 | 6326434 | |
| production of cattle immunotolerant to bovine viral diarrhea virus. | inoculation of bovine virus diarrhea virus into 58 to 125 day old fetuses of bovine virus diarrhea virus seropositive pregnant cows, or inoculation of bovine virus diarrhea virus into seronegative cows 42 to 114 days pregnant, may produce clinically normal calves which are persistently infected with the specific isolate of bovine virus diarrhea virus yet seronegative to the homologous and heterologous isolates. reinoculation of these persistently infected cattle with their homologous isolate pro ... | 1984 | 6326980 |
| presence of antibodies to bovine viral diarrhea-mucosal disease virus (border disease) in sheep and goat flocks in quebec. | a seroepidemiological study of border disease was conducted in sheep and goats in various areas of quebec. sera of 10% of animals of selected flocks were collected and specific antibodies against bovine viral diarrhea- mucosal disease were tested by seroneutralization. results show that 10.9% and 16% of sheep and goats respectively gave a positive reaction. the lower serological prevalence was found in sheep flocks of the sherbrooke area (5.4%) while the highest percentage of positive sera was o ... | 1984 | 6326984 |
| [replication of cytopathogenic and noncytopathogenic cultured bvd virus. ii. ultrahistological findings]. | 1984 | 6328800 | |
| morphology of bovine viral diarrhea virus. | the morphology of bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) was studied by electron microscopy. the nadl strain of bvdv was plaque purified 3 times, concentrated by polyethylene glycol precipitation, and purified by centrifugation to equilibrium in continuous potassium tartrate density-gradients. the virus was examined by negative-stain electron microscopy in the presence or absence of specific antiserum. the density of bvdv was between 1.101 g/cm3 and 1.174 g/cm3, with the peak at maximum infectivity ... | 1984 | 6329046 |
| experimental production of fatal mucosal disease in cattle. | three outbreaks of mucosal disease were investigated. careful examination of 47 cattle that were persistently viraemic with bovine virus diarrhoea virus (bvdv) revealed no clinical disease, no or low levels of bvdv antibody and only non-cytopathic virus in their blood. the four animals with mucosal disease all showed clinical disease and both cytopathic and non-cytopathic virus in their blood. following post mortem examination, there were particularly high levels of cytopathic virus in gut tissu ... | 1984 | 6087539 |
| nature of early reproductive failure caused by bovine viral diarrhea virus. | a 2-part study was undertaken to determine the effect of bovine viral diarrhea (bvd) virus on fertilization and early development of embryos. in experiment 1, 10 seronegative cows were superovulated and artificially inseminated twice during estrus. after the second insemination, 5 of the cows received intrauterine infusion of bvd virus suspension. the other 5 cows received suspending medium only and served as controls. all 10 cows were slaughtered on day 3, and ova and embryos were collected for ... | 1984 | 6088456 |
| experimental production of bovine respiratory tract disease with bovine viral diarrhea virus. | five 6-month-old calves were inoculated with bovine viral diarrhea (bvd) virus (n = 3) or pasteurella haemolytica (n = 2) endobronchially with a fiberoptic bronchoscope. five additional calves were inoculated sequentially with bvd virus followed by p haemolytica at a 5-day interval. blood samples were collected daily from the calves for bacterial isolation. clinical signs of respiratory tract disease in calves were recorded daily. if the calves survived, they were killed for necropsy 3 or 4 days ... | 1984 | 6089623 |
| prevalence of antibodies to bovine respiratory syncytial virus, bovine viral diarrhea virus, bovine herpesvirus-1, and bovine parainfluenza-3 virus in sheep and goats in quebec. | serum samples were collected from 1,075 clinically normal sheep and goats from 77 flocks in 7 agricultural regions of quebec from june to august 1982. sheep and goats were tested for antibodies to bovine respiratory syncytial virus, bovine viral diarrhea virus, and bovine herpes-virus-1 by the indirect fluorescent antibody technique and for parainfluenza-3 virus by the hemagglutination inhibition test. the prevalence of antibodies in animals to respiratory syncytial virus was 31%; to bovine vira ... | 1984 | 6089626 |
| cell-free translation of bovine viral diarrhea virus rna. | bovine viral diarrhea virus rna was translated in a reticulocyte cell-free protein synthesizing system. the purified, 8.2-kilobase, virus-specific rna species was unable to serve an an efficient message unless it was denatured immediately before translation. in this case, several polypeptides, ranging in molecular weight from 50,000 to 150,000 and most of which were immunoprecipitated by bovine viral diarrhea virus-specific antiserum, were synthesized in vitro. when polyribosomes were used to pr ... | 1984 | 6092725 |
| mucosal disease in cattle. | 1984 | 6093327 | |
| differentiation of cytopathic and noncytopathic isolates of bovine viral diarrhea virus by virus neutralization. | soluble antigens of cytopathic and noncytopathic isolates of bovine viral diarrhea virus were resolved by high-performance liquid gel-permeation chromatography into 4 major and 3 minor peaks. the 2 peaks with the larger molecular weights (240,000 and 140,000 daltons) were immunogenic when inoculated into rabbits. virus neutralizing antibodies were specific for the homologous virus. the soluble antigens were determined to be greater than 100,000 daltons by filtration. | 1984 | 6093646 |
| evaluation of bovine viral diarrhea virus uptake by preimplantation embryos. | bovine embryos were exposed to bovine viral diarrhea (bvd) virus in vitro. an uptake of bvd virus by the embryos could not be detected by several assay systems. a significant decrease in the titer of bvd virus was found to occur when the virus was incubated in saline solution + 5% goat serum or minimal essential medium + 5% goat serum for 24 hours at 37 c. since there was significant inactivation of the bvd virus during the incubation period, lack of viral infectivity of the embryos may have bee ... | 1984 | 6093648 |
| disease control strategies for bovine pestivirus. | 1984 | 6095513 | |
| disease control strategies for bovine pestivirus. | 1984 | 6097018 | |
| studies on transplacental transmissibility of a bovine virus diarrhoea (bvd) vaccine virus in cattle. ii. inoculation of pregnant cows without detectable neutralizing antibodies to bvd virus 90-229 days before parturition (51st to 190th day of gestation). | 1984 | 6097070 | |
| interference patterns between strains of bovine viral diarrhea-mucosal disease (bvd-md) virus. | 1984 | 6097733 | |
| characterization of a non-cytopathogenic agent isolated from cytopathogenic bovine viral diarrhea-mucosal disease virus stock. | 1984 | 6097801 | |
| [acetone-celloidin method for the cytological and immunofluorescent study of cell cultures infected with various viruses]. | a method was worked out for the extraction of a cell monolayer from test tubes with the use of 10 per cent acetone solution of celloidin. this made it possible to carry out parallel cytologic and immunofluorescent studies of cultures infected with various viruses. in contrast to the alcohol-ether celloidin used in histology the use of the acetone solution of celloidin, suggested by us, preserved to a larger extent the viruses of different structure and composition, and, therefore, was shown to b ... | 1985 | 3909629 |
| molecular cloning of bovine viral diarrhea viral sequences. | bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) genomic rna was identified as a 12.5-kb single-stranded rna molecule in both infected bovine embryonic kidney cells (bek-1) and partially purified virions. bvd virion rna was partially purified and used as a template for cdna synthesis. bvdv-specific cdna sequences were molecularly cloned and shown to hybridize to infected cell rna but not to uninfected cell rna or dna. a single rna species of 12.5 kb, representing the viral rna genome, was detected in infected ... | 1985 | 2419063 |
| comparison of the pneumopathogenicity of two strains of bovine viral diarrhea virus. | the pneumopathogenicity in calves of 2 strains of bovine viral diarrhea (bvd) virus, isolate 2724 (a noncytopathogenic virus) and isolate 72 (a cytopathogenic virus), was compared. all calves were inoculated endobronchially, using fiberoptic bronchoscopy. two calves were given pasteurella haemolytica, 2 calves were given the noncytopathogenic bvd virus, and 2 calves were given cytopathogenic bvd virus. five calves were inoculated sequentially with bvd virus and, 5 days later, with p haemolytica. ... | 1985 | 2982295 |
| susceptibility of various cell culture systems to bovine viral diarrhea virus. | a comparative study was carried out on the susceptibility of primary bovine embryo kidney (pbek) cell cultures and those of three other cell culture systems, i.e., primary calf testicle (pct) cells and two cell lines, one of which originated from bovine embryonic trachea (ebtr) and the other from buffalo lung (imr-31), to bovine viral diarrhea (bvd) virus. the virus titers obtained in the three culture systems under study did not differ significantly from those of pbek cells. moreover, the growt ... | 1985 | 2983178 |
| effect of maternal antibody upon vaccination with infectious bovine rhinotracheitis and bovine virus diarrhea vaccines. | this report presents the normal rate of decay of maternal antibody and the influence of maternal antibody on responses to a single vaccination with modified-live bovine virus diarrhea and infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus vaccines at 196 days of age and on response to vaccinations with the same vaccines given twice at 84 and 196 days of age. passive immunity decreased to near zero over the first six months of life for both bovine virus diarrhea and infectious bovine rhinotracheitis control ... | 1985 | 2985214 |
| adjuvant enhancement of humoral immune response to chemically inactivated bovine viral diarrhea virus. | potentiation of the antibody response to inactivated bovine viral diarrhea virus by immunological adjuvants was studied in guinea pigs and cattle. the inactivated bovine viral diarrhea virus alone was demonstrated to be a weak immunogen. addition of either 2 mg per ml diethylaminoethyl-dextran or 5% alhydrogel to inactivated bovine viral diarrhea virus did not or only slightly stimulated the antibody response; the combined adjuvants induced a significantly higher titer. a higher concentration (2 ... | 1985 | 2985217 |
| isolation of cytopathic and noncytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus from the spleen of cattle acutely and chronically affected with bovine viral diarrhea. | both cytopathic and noncytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) were isolated from 16 of 17 bovine spleens representing 11 herds that had experienced acute bvd and from 12 of 21 bovine spleens from 1 herd affected with chronic bvd. it was concluded that isolation of cytopathic and noncytopathic bvdv from the same spleen probably indicates that an animal with a persistent, noncytopathic bvdv infection was superinfected with a cytopathic bvdv. the prevalence (greater than 70%) of 2 viruses in ... | 1985 | 2985526 |
| severe clinical disease induced in cattle persistently infected with noncytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus by superinfection with cytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus. | eight healthy cattle that were persistently infected with noncytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) were inoculated with cell culture fluids that contained noncytopathic or cytopathic bvdv. a severe disease occurred after inoculation with cytopathic bvdv. the clinical signs, lesions, and immune response were consistent with those of clinical bvdv infections. | 1985 | 2986494 |
| release of immunosuppressive substances from tissue culture cells infected with bovine viral diarrhea virus. | bovine fetal lung tissue culture cells were infected with bovine viral diarrhea virus. the cells released substances into the supernatant fluid that suppressed the proliferative response of bovine peripheral blood mononuclear cells which had been stimulated with concanavalin a. activity could be found in low molecular weight fractions (less than or equal to 2,000 daltons). during the assay, these fractions were required to inhibit the response of leukocytes to concanavalin a. addition of indomet ... | 1985 | 2990265 |
| enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the detection of antibodies to bovine viral diarrhea virus in bovine sera. | a specific and sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) was established for the detection of antibodies to bovine viral diarrhea virus (bvdv) in bovine sera. polyethylene-glycol concentrated, equilibrium density gradient purified bvdv was used as test antigen at an optimal amount of 1 microgram/well, whereas the optimal concentration of conjugate was at 1/2000 dilution. the standardized test encountered no non-specific reaction with test sera at a starting dilution of 1/10. a total of ... | 1985 | 2994278 |
| an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for the detection of antibodies to bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv) in cattle sera. | a microtitre elisa has been established for the quantitation of antibodies to bovine viral diarrhoea virus (bvdv). single dilutions of sera were assayed and units of antibody were calculated from a standard curve. in order to detect the maximum number of responding animals both igg1 and igg2 antibody should be assayed, although detection of igg1 alone was nearly as effective. the elisa was as sensitive as the virus neutralization test for detection of antibody; comparison of an elisa that detect ... | 1985 | 2994279 |
| screening for neutralizing antibodies against hog cholera- and/or bovine viral diarrhea virus in danish pigs. | 1985 | 2994428 | |
| prevalence of antibodies to bovid herpesvirus 1 (ibr-ipv), bovine virus diarrhoea, bovine respiratory syncytial parainfluenza 3, adeno a and adeno b viruses in indigenous and imported moroccan cattle. | a serological survey on prevalence of antibodies to bovid herpesvirus 1 (ibr-ipv) bovine virus diarrhoea, bovine respiratory syncytial, parainfluenza 3, adeno a and b viruses was performed in 524 cattle from different areas and management conditions in morocco. general antibody prevalence was 62.8, 48.5, 70.4, 68.1, 9.0 and 12.4, for the six viruses, respectively. higher prevalence and high antibody titers to most of the investigated viruses were found among cattle from extensive management syst ... | 1985 | 2998260 |
| togaviridae. | the family togaviridae comprises four genera: alphavirus (with 26 species), rubivirus (one species), pestivirus (three species), and arterivirus (one species). the main characteristics of the member viruses are: (i) the virus particles are spherical, 50-70 nm in diameter, including an envelope with surface projections that incorporate two or three polypeptides, usually glycosylated; (ii) the nucleocapsid comprises a core protein and a single strand of positive-sense rna, molecular weight about 4 ... | 1985 | 2999027 |
| bovine virus diarrhoea vaccine. | 1985 | 3000055 | |
| [cultivation of bovine pestivirus in organ culture]. | attempts were made to culture strains of the bovine pestivirus in organ cultures of tracheal rings. contrary to other scientists the authors used roller organ cultures of calf tracheal rings. the development of the virus in the cultures was judged by its presence in the maintaining medium through elisa or by titration in cell cultures of fetal calf kidney. it was found that the two strains tested could be replicated in organ cultures of calf trachea, the intensity of multiplication being stronge ... | 1985 | 3002009 |
| response of cattle persistently infected with noncytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus to vaccination for bovine viral diarrhea and to subsequent challenge exposure with cytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus. | nine steers persistently infected with noncytopathic bovine viral diarrhea (bvd) virus were allotted into 3 groups (3 cattle/group). cattle in group a were vaccinated with a modified-live bvd virus vaccine of porcine cell origin, cattle in group b with a modified-live bvd virus vaccine of bovine cell origin, and cattle in group c with a killed bvd virus vaccine of bovine cell origin. detrimental effects due to vaccination were not seen. six weeks after vaccination, the steers were challenge expo ... | 1985 | 3002214 |
| seroepizootiology of types 3 and 7 adenoviruses and bovine viral diarrhea virus infections of beef cattle from birth to first parturition. | twenty-nine female angus cattle were monitored from birth until 24 months of age for infection with types 3 and 7 adenoviruses (av3, av7) and bovine viral diarrhea (bvd) virus by virus isolation and neutralization tests. twenty-seven animals remained in the study for 450 days, whereas 16 animals remained at the conclusion of the tests. viruses were not isolated from test animals. seroepizootiologic examination indicated that there were 28 infections with av3, 33 infections with av7, and 13 infec ... | 1986 | 3008611 |
| some antigenic and cultural properties of border disease and bovine viral diarrhoea viruses. | in vitro comparison of the replication cycles of three strains of border disease virus and one strain of bovine viral diarrhoea virus showed similar growth curve patterns and a tendency of cell-free virus to exceed cell-associated virus. each virus was antigenically distinguishable from the others in cross-neutralisation tests. | 1986 | 3012858 |