Publications

lignin as a nutrient for the cultivated mushroom, agaricus campestris.		1931	17836040
experiments with soils used for casing beds of the cultivated mushroom psalliota campestris.		1947	20247587
variation induced by uranium nitrate in corn smut and the cultivated mushroom.		1948	17830642
phenol oxidases of the cultivated mushroom psalliota bispora f. albida.		1950	14780225
abnormal growth and fructification of the cultivated mushroom.		1952	12984113
the growth-promoting effect of indole-3-acetic acid on the common cultivated mushroom, psalliota hortensis (cooke) lange forma albida lange.		1953	13093528
chromosomes of the cultivated mushroom.		1956	13378516
nuclear behaviour in the cultivated mushroom.		1959	13652348
[metabolism of polyphosphates and of certain other phosphorus compounds during the process of development of fruit bodies in the mushroom agaricus bisporus l].		1960	13755011
[some quantitative data on the stable organic acids of the cultivated mushroom (agaricus campestris)].		1961	13759879
the effect of diesel-oil soot on differentiation of the cultivated mushroom: agaricus campestris var. bisporus.		1961	13716633
separation and purification of the phenolases of the common mushroom.		1962	13914298
an aromatic diazonium compound in the mushroom agaricus bisporus.		1962	13930038
role of l-glutamine as donor of carbamyl nitrogen for the enzymatic synthesis of citruline in agaricus bisporus.		1962	14464485
[acid-soluble nucleotides of the fruit bodies of a disporous mushroom (agaricus bisporus l.)].		1963	14068585
production of oxalic acid by a strain of agaricus campestris.	a strain of the common mushroom agaricus campestris was grown on a mixture of composted sawdust and caco(3). on incubation for 47 days, the organism produced 20.5 g of oxalic acid per 100 g of initial dry compost solids.	1963	16349635
endogenous growth regulation in carpophores of agaricus bisporus.		1963	16655848
[is there a relationship between oxalate excretion and germinal hypha formation in cultivated champignons (agaricus bisporus (lge.) sing.?].		1964	14320215
studies on the gamma-glutamyltransferase of agaricus bisporus.		1964	14209959
[on 2 pathways of phosphorus transport in plant bodies of agaricus bisporus].		1965	14262636
[amino acid synthesis in extracts of agaricus bisporus].		1966	5961230
[dietary value of dishes from mushrooms. v. content of endogenic amino acids, calcium, phosphorus, iron and fats in the field mushroom agaricus bisporus lange].		1967	5625621
[carboxylation reactions in agaricus bisporus. i. the endogenous co2 acceptor].		1967	5629203
irradiation of composts used in the propagation of agaricus bisporus.	unpasteurized horse manure composts were given radiation doses of 0.1 and 1.0 mrad in an attempt to increase mushroom yields by eliminating competing microorganisms. yields were enhanced by 0.1 mrad but were lower than those obtained with heat-pasteurized composts. composts subjected to 1.0 mrad gave the lowest yields, probably because of the generation of ammonia and other toxic compounds. only temporary changes in the predominant microflora could be detected as a result of ionizing radiations.	1967	16349717
stimulation of yield in the cultivated mushroom by vegetable oils.	supplementation of mushroom compost at spawning and at casing with various refined and crude seed oils resulted in 1 to 1.5 lb/ft increases in mushroom yield. supplementation at casing with ground seeds or protein-oil combinations caused 2 to 2.5 lb/ft increases in mushroom yield. further evidence is presented for a relationship between lipid metabolism and the initiation of fruiting in the cultivated mushroom, agaricus bisporus (lange) sing. preliminary results suggest the possible involvement ...	1967	16349718
bacterial metabolites trigger sporophore formation in agaricus bisporus.		1969	5815835
sporophore production of agaricus bisporus in aseptic environments.		1969	5311577
the effects of various lipids on growth of mycelium of agaricus bisporus.		1969	5393687
[biosynthesis of mannitol in agaricus bisporus].		1969	4393657
latent o-diphenol oxidase in mushrooms (agaricus bisporus).		1970	4984732
free lipids and carbohydrates of agaricus bisporus mycelium.		1970	5500274
relative numbers of certain microbial groups present in compost used for mushroom (agaricus bisporus) propagation.	the relative numbers of microorganisms associated with compost during mushroom production were studied by the dilution plate method. thermophilic actinomycetes and fungi were isolated with a very high frequency early in the growing season. although numbers of thermophilic bacteria diminished slowly during the season, the thermophilic fungi and actinomycetes diminished rapidly with the latter disappearing after 6 weeks. mesophilic fungi other than agaricus or trichoderma remained relatively stabl ...	1970	5529631
isolation of -l-glutaminyl 4-hydroxybenzene and -l-glutaminyl 3,4-benzoquinone: a natural sulfhydryl reagent, from sporulating gill tissue of the mushroom agaricus bisporus.	early in the development of spores, there appears in gill tissue of the mushroom agaricus bisporus a red pigment that inhibits mitochondrial respiration. the inhibitor and its immediate precursor were isolated from the mushroom and identified as gamma-l-glutaminyl 3,4-benzoquinone (i) and gamma-l-glutaminyl 4-hydroxybenzene (ii), respectively, neither of which had previously been described. ii was synthesized chemically and the synthetic material was identical with isolated ii in all regards. an ...	1970	5289001
acylglucoses in escherichia coli, saccharomyces cerevisiae and agaricus bisporus.		1970	11947604
isolation from the mushroom agaricus bisporus and chemical synthesis of gamma-l-glutaminyl-4-hydroxybenzene.		1971	4995382
a laboratory method to obtain fruit from cased grain spawn of the cultivated mushoom, agaricus bisporus.		1971	5102274
spore lipids and germination in agaricus bisporus.		1971	5167239
submerged growth of the cultivated mushroom, agaricus bisporus.		1972	4627723
bacteria antagonistic to pseudomonas tolaasii and their control of brown blotch of the cultivated mushroom agaricus bisporus.		1972	4628501
concerning the induction of dormancy in spores of agaricus bisporus.		1972	4404590
characterization of the cell surface receptor for the agaricus bisporus hemagglutinin.		1972	4343164
mechanism of action of a respiratory inhibitor from the gill tissue of the sporulating common mushroom, agaricus bisporus.		1972	4353585
intracellular appearance of mushroom virus in fruiting bodies and basidiospores of agaricus bisporus.		1972	4110129
isolation and characterization of membranes from the cultivated mushroom.	the membranes of sporophore cap tissue from the cultivated mushroom, agaricus bisporus (lange) sing., were isolated using discontinuous sucrose gradient ultracentrifugation of a tissue homogenate. a membrane-rich fraction was concentrated at the 1.16/1.18 g/cc interface and a mitochondria-rich fraction at the 1.18/1.20 g/cc interface. the membrane fraction was judged to be greater than 90% membrane vesicles by electron microscopy. the protein to lipid ratio of the membrane fraction was 1.1; the ...	1972	16658213
bacteriocidal properties of a class of quinoid compounds related to sporulation in the mushroom, agaricus bisporus.	a small phenolic compound, gamma-l-glutamyl-4-hydroxybenzene, and several quinoid derivatives appear in the gill tissues of the mushroom, agaricus bisporus, during the prodromal period of sporulation. these quinoids markedly inhibit respiratory enzymes and protein synthesis. the temporal relationship of their appearance to sporulaton and their properties as metabolic inhibitors indicate that they initiate and maintain the dormant or cryptobiotic state of the spore. in very low concentrations, th ...	1974	4152222
binding of purified lectins to guinea pig lymphocytes. studies of the number, binding constant, and distribution of lens culinaris lectin a and agaricus bisporus lectin molecules on lymphocyte surfaces.		1974	4615817
effects of cultural conditions on the mycelial growth of healthy and virus-infected cultivated mushroom, agaricus bisporus.		1974	4847047
[lipolysis during the treatment and storage of mushrooms (agaricus bisporus)].		1974	4857714
effect of lectins on hormone release from isolated rat islets of langerhans.	lectins from agaricus bisporus and agaricus campestris stimulate insulin and glucagon release from isolated rat islets in the presence of 2 mm glucose. in the case of insulin release, maximal stimulation was observed at lectin concentrations above 58 mug. per milliliter (approximately 1 mum).a. bisporus pha-b-stimulated insulin release was independent of a source of metabolic energy but was abolished by deuterium oxide. the lectin did not alter islet glucose oxidation to co2 or incorporation of ...	1975	1098948
growth potential of clostridium botulinum in fresh mushrooms packaged in semipermeable plastic film.	fresh mushrooms (agaricus bisporus) were inoculated in the stem, gill, or cap with clostridium botulinum spores. they were placed with uninoculated mushrooms in paper board trays, which were then covered and sealed in a polyvinyl chloride stretch film to simulate prepackaged mushrooms available at retail stores. when incubated at 20 c, botulinum toxin could be detected as early as day 3, or 4, when the mushrooms still appear edible. mushrooms inoculated in the stem with 1,000 type a spores freq ...	1975	1108793
localization of the binding sites for the ricinus communis, agaricus bisporus and wheat germ lectins on human erythrocyte membranes.	freeze-etch electron microscopy has been utilized to localize the binding sites for the ricinus communis, agaricus bisporus and wheat germ lectins on human erythrocyte membranes and to determine the relation of these different glycoprotein receptors to the intramembranous particles. a. bisporus lectin, which could be visualized directly on the surface of erythrocyte membranes, and ferritin conjugates of wheat germ agglutinin showed a distribution that correlates exactly with the intramembranous ...	1975	1148231
concerning the role of mitochondria in cryptobiosis.	the metabolic characteristics of the mitochondria of agaricus bisporus are altered in the zygote by specific inhibitors that permit them to retain structural integrity in the dormant spore and enable them to initiate energy production, with apparent protein synthesis and replication during the initial phase of germination. the insensitivity of the earliest events of germination to selective cytoplasmic and nuclear inhibitors characterizes this as a transient period of unusual mitochondrial auton ...	1975	1163641
temperature, time, and the influence of volatiles on phialospore germination in verticillium malthosei ware.	phialospores of verticillium malthousei ware were atomized onto acclimatized water agar and incubated for 3, 6, 9, 12, and 24 hr at 12 to 36 degrees c intervals. germination occurred at all temperatures exclusive of 36 degrees c with maximum germination (90-98%) occurring in 24 hr at 12 degrees c, 12 degrees c, 12 hr at 18 degrees c, 9 hr at 24 degrees and 30 degrees c. volatiles from: 1) horse manure compost colonized by agaricus bisporus; 2) mycellium impregnated casing (soil); or 3) casing su ...	1975	1170495
the lipids of agaricus bisporus.	a comparison of the lipid composition of the vegetative and reproductive stages of agaricus bisporus revealed no major qualitative differences, although quantitative divergence exist. the glycolipids consisted of acylglucoses, acylmannitol, acyltrehalose and a glucosyloxyfatty acid. two of the acylglucoses corresponded to a tetra-acylglucose and to either a di- or a triacylglucose. the phospholipids were distinctive in that phosphatidylcholine could not be detected. phosphatidylethanolamine and ...	1975	1176953
synthetic and naturally occurring hydrazines as possible cancer causative agents.	the various synthetic substituted hydrazines, which cause tumors in animals, are briefly enumerated. to date, 19 of them have proved to be tumorigenic in animals. a number of these chemicals are found today in the environment, in industry, in agriculture, and in medicine, and the human population is exposed to a certain degree to some of them. hydrazine also occurs in nature in tobacco and tobacco smoke. the three other naturally occurring hydrazine compounds are n-methyl-n-formylhydrazine, whic ...	1975	1238167
lysosomes in the cultivated mushroom (psalliota bispora quel.).	fungine lysosomes are difficult to identify because some vesicular structures are present in hyphae, such as provacuoles, lomasome precursor, peroxisomes and spherosomes. moreover, many hymenomycetes, as the common cultivated mushroom (psalliota bispora quel.), lack tipical golgi apparatuses, making ontogenesis of lysosomes a matter of difficult interpretation. as shown before (scannerini, 1969) the hyphae of this fungus contain vesicles that reveal acid glycerophosphatase activity, thus we stud ...	1975	1239397
cytostatic, cytocidal and potential antitumor properties of a class of quinoid compounds, initiators of the dormant state in the spores of agaricus bisporus.	evidence indicates that dormancy is initiated in the spores of agaricus bisporus by two quinoid compounds that appear in the zygote during the prodromal period of sporulation. both are derivatives of a phenol, gamma-l-glutaminyl-4-hydroxybenzene. when purified, these quinoids specifically inhibit mitochondrial respiratory enzymes and protein synthesis in the mushroom and have comparable effects with rat liver mitochondria and ribosomes, with intact bacteria, and with bacterial ribosomes and rna ...	1975	803242
production of ethylene and other volatiles and changes in cellulase and laccase activities during the life cycle of the cultivated mushroom, agaricus bisporus.	nine volatile hydrocarbons, as well as methyl chloride, carbonyl sulphide and carbon disulphide, have been identified by mass spectrometry as products of agaricus bisporus in the compost used in comerical mushroom beds. of these, only ethylene showed a pattern of production that could be correlated with developmental phases of the crop, high levels being produced whenever fruit bodies were rapidly enlarging. in laboratory flask cultures, under controlled conditions, high levels of ethylene occur ...	1975	811760
platelet glycocalicin. ii. purification and characterization.	glycocalicin, a major glycoprotein of the platelet glycocalyx, is obtained in soluble forms following platelet homogenization and has been purified to homogeneity. glycalicin has a molecular weight of 148,000 (+/- 5,000) as determined by gel electrophoresis. it contains 60 grams % carbohydrate (46.6 mol %) comprising galactose, n-acetylgalactosamine, n-acetylglucosamine, and sialic acid as its principal sugars in a ratio of 2:1:1:2, but with a small amount of glucose (2.3 mol %), mannose (1.2 mo ...	1976	823155
histochemical lectin affinity technique by means of fitc-labeled serum protein fractions.	a two-step affinity technique is described for light microscopic demonstration of the concanavalin a, agaricus bisporus lectin and ricinus communis lectin binding sites by means of various fitc-labeled human and rabbit serum protein fractions. experiments for the visualization of the lens culinaris lectin and the pisum sativum lectin binding sites gaves negative results. the technique consist of two reaction steps which involve the incubation of tissue sections in the lectins followed by the vis ...	1976	791903
uptake of benomyl by the cultivated mushroom, agaricus bisporus.		1976	943434
study on development of agaricus bisporus by fluorescent microscopy and scanning electron microscopy.	two strains of agaricus bisporus have been investigated by fluorescent microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. somatic nuclei, stained with auramin o and examined by fluorescent microscopy, appear to be randomly distributed, divide asynchronously, and assume a nonclassical or "two-track" configuration during mitotic metaphase. a similar configuration has been observed for nuclei during meiosis, but early meiosis in a. bisporus appears to be classical, usually with nine pairs of chromosomes ...	1976	944181
carbohydrate metabolism in agaricus bisporus (lange) sing: changes in soluble carbohydrates during growth of mycelium and sporophore.	changes in the ethanol-soluble carbohydrate content of agaricus bisporus mycelium and sporophores grown on semi-defined media and commercial compost were studied. the accumulation of mannitol in the sporophore during its growth was not accompanied by an increase in mycelial mannitol. the other major soluble carbohydrate of the sporophore, trehalose, decreased throughout the growth of the sporophore; a parallel decrease was observed in the mycelium. the main accumulation of mannitol was in the pi ...	1976	945325
double-stranded ribonucleic acid in agaricus bisporus.	double-stranded ribonucleic acid present in virus-infected mushrooms of agaricus bisporus has been resolved through polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis into six molecular-weight forms. identification of these six double-stranded ribonucleic acids in mushrooms by this procedure has proven to be a useful and diagnostic method for viral infection in the cultivated mushroom.	1976	945716
studies on mushroom flavours. 3. some flavour compounds in fresh, canned and dried edible mushrooms.	the concentrations of 1-octen-3-ol, 5'-gmp and glutamic acid were compared in 8 fresh, 3 canned and 5 dried mushroom species. the highest amounts of 1-octen-3-ol and 5'-gmp were found in the fresh muschrooms. agaricus bitorquis, pleurotus ostreatus and pholiota squarrosa contained 5-7 times as much 1-octen-3-ol as agaricus bisporus and calvatia gigantea 58 times as much. coprinus comatus and pleurotus ostreatus contained much 5'-gmp. little 1-octen-3-ol and 5'-gmp were found in most dried and ca ...	1976	987665
[studies on mushroom flavours. 1. organoleptic significance of constituents of the cultivated mushroom, agaricus bisporus].	the flavour of agaricus bisporus was studied by comparing the results obtained in chemical and organoleptic analysis of the same extract. the natural (-)-form of 1-octen-3-ol had a stronger flavour than the (+)-form and was the most important aroma component. nucleotides, amino-acids and carbohydrates also contributed significantly. benzaldehyde, benzyl alcohol, 1-octen-3-one, n-butyric and isovaleric acids as well as low-boiling volatiles contributed less to the flavour. a synergistic effect of ...	1976	988686
surface alterations in calf lymphocytes oxidized by sodium periodate.	in order to investigate alterations in surface structure in transformed lymphocytes, calf submandibular lymph node cell suspensions were oxidized with naio4. oxidezed lymphocytes were morphologically transformed and had higher rates of dna synthesis by 2 days after treatment. these results were prevented by reduction of the cell suspension with nabh4, or by neuraminidase treatment of cells prior to oxidation. the amount of 125i-labeled agaricus bisporus lectin bound to cells immediately after ox ...	1976	178647
gamma-l-glutaminyl-4-hydroxybenzene, an inducer of cryptobiosis in agaricus bisporus and a source of specific metabolic inhibitors for melanogenic cells.	a stable phenol, gamma-l-glutaminyl-4-hydroxybenzene (ghb), is oxidized by tyrosinase in the gill tissues of the mushroom agaricus bisporus to a quinone and a second oxidation product which together suppress mitochondrial energy production and the synthesis of proteins and nucleic acids in the zygote, thus establishing dormancy in the spores. brief incubation of cultured murine l1210 leukemia and b-16 melanoma cells with mum concentrations of the purified quinone notably prolonged survival times ...	1977	403000
basidiospore numbers in agaricus bisporus (lange) imbach.	the number of spores per basidium in the cultivated mushroom agaricus bisporus can be readily determined using the light microscope.	1977	556614
[cadmium uptake by mushrooms (author's transl)].	mushrooms of the subgenus rubescentes (for example agaricus bisporus and agaricus campestris) accumulate for less cadmium than most species of the subgenus flavescentes (for example agaricus arvensis and agaricus silvicola). hence it appears there is no danger for human health, from too much cadmium, when eating the often gathered agaricus campestris. the caps of the mushrooms enrich cadmium to twice the amount present in the stems. the authors analysed 32 samples of wild mushrooms of the subgen ...	1977	562042
ethylene production by axenic fruiting cultures of agaricus bisporus.	axenic cultures of agaricus bisporus were used to show that the rise in ethylene production during fruiting derives from its own metabolism.	1977	562129
tumorigenic effect of 4-methylphenylhydrazine hydrochloride in swiss mice.	4-methylphenylhydrazine hydrochloride was administered as 10 weekly subcutaneous injections of 140 microgram/g body weight and as 7 weekly intragastric instillations of 250 microgram/g body weight in physiological saline to randomly bred swiss mice. treatments given subcutaneously resulted in induction of lung tumors in incidences of 36% in females and 44% in males, while intragastric treatment caused a 40% incidence in females. in addition, it gave rise to blood vessel tumors by intragastric ro ...	1977	143810
inhibition of dna polymerase from l1210 murine leukemia by a sulfhydryl reagent from agaricus bisporus.	the 490 quinone, a natural sulfhydryl-arylating reagent from the mushroom, agaricus bisporus, markedly inhibited l1210 murine leukemia dna polymerase alpha while resulting in little inhibition of dna polymerase beta from this source. this quinone was more strongly inhibitory than p-chloromercuri-benzoate or n-ethylmaleimide and was less readily neutralized by sulfhydryl-containing molecules such as dithioerythritol. preliminary experiments indicate that dna protects dna polymerase alpha from inh ...	1977	832267
immunochemical detection of the thomsen-friedenreich antigen (t-antigen) on platelet plasma membranes.	platelet plasma membranes were found to possess the disaccharide beta-d-galactosyl (1-3)-n-acetyl-d-galactosamine which was measured by gas chromatography after release by alkaline borohyride treatment and desialylation. immunological evidence using the specific lectins from arachis hypogoea and agaricus bisporus and an anti-t serum confirmed the presence of this disaccharide, the immunodominant group of the thomsen-friedenreich antigen (t-antigen). this receptor was only found after prior neura ...	1978	580492
tumor induction with the n'-acetyl derivative of 4-hydroxymethyl-phenylhydrazine, a metabolite of agaritine of agaricus bisporus.	n'-acetyl-4-(hydroxymethyl)phenylhydrazine was administered as a 0.0625% solution in drinking water continuously for the life span of swiss mice, from 6 weeks of age. compared to that in untreated controls, in treated animals the lung tumor incidence rose from 15 to 34% in females and 22 to 48% in males, whereas the incidence of blood vessel tumors increased from 8 to 32% in females and from 5 to 30% in males. histopathologically, the tumors were classified as adenomas and adenocarcinomas of the ...	1978	563287
the insensitivity of mushroom nuclear rna polymerase activity to inhibition by amatoxins.	nuclear fractions isolated from amanita phalloides, amanita muscaria and agaricus bisporus were subjected to in vitro rna synthesis assays in the presence of various concentrations of amatoxins. the mushroom nuclei were highly insensitive to inhibition by amatoxin when compared to assays of nuclear fractions isolated from the oömycete fungus, achlya ambisexualis and from rabbit brain.	1978	567964
the binding of lectins to components of plasma membranes from porcine submaxillary lymph node lymphocytes.	by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic analysis the plasma membranes from porcine lymphocytes contain at least 30--35 glycopolypeptides and one or more glycolipids to which one or more of 12 purified lectins bind. the specificities of binding generally followed the same pattern as those of the reaction of the lectin with intact pig lymphocytes. some lectins (e.g., the isolectin pair, agaricus bisporus lectins a and b and a group consisting of the lens culinaris a and b isol ...	1978	568485
[viruses of the cultivated mushroom (agaricus bisporus (j. lge) imbach.)].		1978	569245
new lectin receptors in carcinoembryonic antigen (cea).	the glycoprotein cea (carcinoembryonic antigen) carries carbohydrate groups, which react with the plant lectins from agaricus bisporus, arachis hypogaea (peanut), with tridacnin from invertebrate clams and with the anti-a lectins from snails. accordingly, it has cryptantigenic structures, which correspond to the t or t-like antigen, the tridacnin receptor and to the so called a-like antigen.	1978	414933
fluorescent staining of fungal nuclei with a benzimidazol derivative.	a direct staining procedure is described for fluorescence microscopy of fungal nuclei, chromosomes and mitochondria. the fluorochrome is a benzimidazol derivative (33258 hoechst) known to bind selectively to deoxyribonucleic acid at neutral ph. the advantages of 33258 hoechst relative to feulgen compounds used previously to stain these structures include a greater intensity of fluorescence, the absence of fading or rapid quenching of the fluorescence, and the omission of acid hydrolysis from th ...	1978	75211
carbohydrate composition of peripheral, cultured and leukaemic human lymphocyte plasma membranes.	plasma membranes isolated from peripheral blood lymphocytes of normal donors, lymphocytes from patients with chronic lymphatic leukaemia (cll), a t cell and b cell line (molt-3 and rpmi-1788) were analysed and compared for total carbohydrate contents. t cells and peripheral blood lymphocytes contained the highest relative amounts of sialic acid and fucose, whereas chronic lymphatic leukaemic cells possessed the highest amounts of n-acetylgalactosamine and also more total cell surface carbohydrat ...	1978	206031
structure of the oligosaccharides of three glycopeptides from calf thymocyte plasma membranes.	the carbohydrate composition and oligosaccharide structure of three glycopeptides isolated from delipidated calf thymocyte plasma membranes following pronase digestion have been determined. five major glycopeptide fractions were separated using bio-gel p-6 gel filtration and diethylaminoethylcellulose chromatography. the structure of the oligosaccharide chains of three of these glycopeptides was determined by a combination of sequential degradation with glycosidases and methylation analysis. the ...	1978	306261
a seven-day volumetric spore trap for use within buildings.	the burkard volumetric spore trap, designed to operate for seven days continuously in the field, was modified to sample still air within buildings. the efficiency with which spores of lycopodium clavatum and agaricus bisporus were trapped at two rates of suction was determined. spore distribution within traces and deposition on surfaces not beneath the orifice were assessed. in an appendix catches of four spore types by the hirst and burkard (field model) spore traps operating over mown grass we ...	1978	375094
biochemical induction of fruiting in schizophyllum: isolation and preliminary purification of an inducing substance from agaricus bisporus mushrooms.	a diffusible substance was isolated from agaricus bisporus mushrooms that induced haploid fruiting body formation in schizophyllum commune. an efficient isolation procedure was developed. the fruiting-inducing substance was shown to be present in all stages of agaricus mushroom development and there was no preferential accumulation of the activity in gill, cap, or stipe tissues. some chemical and physical properties of the inducing factor are described.	1978	16660332
synthesis of gamma-l-glutaminyl-[3,5-3h]4-hydroxybenzene and the study of reactions catalyzed by the tyrosinase of agaricus bisporus.	gamma-l-glutaminyl-[3,5-3h]4-hydroxybenzene was synthesized in order to study the kinetics of its hydroxylation by tyrosinase purified from agaricus bisporus and to explore its role in the induction of the dormant state in the spores of this species. it was found to be unique among the monophenolic substrates for tyrosinase in that the lag period for the hydroxylation reaction decreased with increasing substrate concentration. unlike previously studied compounds, this phenol appeared to function ...	1979	115880
syntheses of o-beta-d-galactopyranosyl-(1 leads to 3)-0-(2-acetamido-2-deoxy-alpha(and -beta)-d-galactopyranosyl)-n-tosyl-l-serine and their interaction with d-galactose-binding lectins.	in order to use, as hapten inhibitors against various galactose-binding lectins, the derivatives of o-beta-d-galactopyranosyl-(1 leads to 3)-o-(2-acetamido-2-deoxy-alpha-d-galactopyranosyl)-l-serine, which is the common core structure of sugar chains of most mucins, the synthesis of these compounds was investigated. koenigs-knorr condensation of the 4,6-o-benzylidene derivative of o-(2-acetamido-2-deoxy-alpha-d-galactopyranosyl)-n-tosyl-l-serine methyl ester with 2,3,4,6-tetra-o-acetyl-alpha-d-g ...	1979	427833
purification and characterization of rna polymerase ii resistant to alpha-amanitin from the mushroom agaricus bisporus.	the dna-dependent rna polymerases ii or b (ribonucleosidetriphosphate:rna nucleotidyltransferase, ec 2.7.7.6) from the mushroom agaricus bisporus has been purified to apparent homogeneity. the purification procedures involve precipitation with polyethylenimine, selective elution of rna polymerase ii from the polyethylenimine precipitate, ammonium sulfate fractionation, deae-cellulose chromatography, cm-cellulose chromatography, and exclusion chromatography on bio-gel a-1.5m. with this procedure ...	1979	570413
studies of the spore walls of agaricus bisporus and agaricus campestris.	the composition and ultrastructure of spore walls of agaricus bisporus and agaricus campestris were compared by chemical and enzymatic assays and electron microscopy. polymers of n-acetylglucosamine (chitin) and glucosamine (chitosan) were the major carbohydrate wall components of both species. the chitin to chitosan ratio in the spore walls of a. bisporus was about 0.38, while in a. campestris it was about 2.8 these polymers were associated with proteins, lipids (readily extractable and bound), ...	1979	570877
hepatocarcinogenesis by hydrazine mycotoxins of edible mushrooms.	two edible mushrooms are known to contain hydrazine analogs. the wild false morel gyromitra esculenta contains up to 0.3% acetaldehyde methylformylhydrazone and n-methyl-n-formylhydrazine (mfh). the latter chemical, under certain conditions, also yields methylhydrazine. the commonly eaten, cultivated mushroom agaricus bisporus contains up to 0.04% beta-n-[gamma-l(+)-glutamyl]-4-hydroxymethylphenylhydrazine and 4-hydroxymethylphenylhydrazine. mfh was administered in drinking water continuously fo ...	1979	572876
[uptake of lead, cadmium and mercury by cultivated mushrooms].	it is reported of the uptake of lead, cadmium and mercury by cultivated mushrooms (agaricus bisporus) from lead, cadmium and mercury-containing substrates. cd and hg were observed to accumulate significantly via the mycelium, whereas pb accumulated scarely, even if the pb contents in the substrate were high. high lead concentrations in wild mushrooms, therefore, are likely to be mainly due to emissions; whereas, with cd and hg, uptake from the soil must also be considered.	1979	574616
[use of gas chromatography for determination of amino acid composition of bovine serum albumin and champignons (agaricus bisporus)].		1979	575575
immuno-chemical studies on the alkali-labile carbohydrate chains of human serum glycoproteins.	human serum glycoproteins can be classified into those containing n-acetyl-d-galactosamine and into those lacking this hexosamine. the n-acetyl-d-galactosamine-containing serum glycoproteins have alkali-labile chains containing this hexosamine linked o-glycosidically to hydroxy amino acids. these alkali-labile chains can be demonstrated in neuraminic acid free serum glycoproteins by gas liquid chromatography and by using precipitating lectins from invertebrates and plants. they are represented b ...	1979	762504
the metabolic pathway catalyzed by the tyrosinase of agaricus bisporus.	n-t-butyloxycarbonyl-gamma-l-glutaminyl-2-bromo-4-hydroxybenzene alpha-benzyl ester was synthesized as a precursor to gamma-l-glutaminyl-4-hydroxy[2-3h]benzene. with this labeled compound and the previously synthesized gamma-l-glutaminyl-4-hydroxy[3,5-3h]benzene, the stoichiometry of ring substitution was determined for the tyrosinase-catalyzed metabolic pathway of agaricus bisporus. in this pathway, gamma-l-glutaminyl-4-hydroxybenzene is hydroxylated to gamma-l-glutaminyl-3,4-dihydroxybenzene w ...	1980	6102990
the role of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase in the nephrotoxicity of an agaricus bisporus metabolite.	the mushroom metabolite gamma-l-glutaminyl-3,4-dihydroxybenzene (gdhb) was found to have an ld50 of 100 to 200 mg/kg in neonatal c57bl/6j mice. adult mice given 200 mg/kg gdhb showed histopathologic evidence of proximal convoluted tubular injury as early as 2 hours after injection, which progressed by 24 hours to profound acute tubular necrosis. focal acinar epithelial cell necrosis in the pancreas was also observed. the time course and location of the injury suggested that appearance of the ult ...	1980	6106387
melanocytotoxicity and the mechanism of activation of gamma-l-glutaminyl-4-hydroxybenzene.	gamma-l-glutaminyl-4-hydroxybenzene is converted by the tyrosinase of the common mushroom, agaricus bisporus, to the toxic, dormancy-inducing metabolite 2-hydroxy-4-imino-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1-one. hydroxylation of gamma-l-glutaminyl-4-hydroxybenzene by mammalian tyrosinase was monitored by determining tritium water release from gamma-l-glutaminyl-[3,5-(3)h[4-hydroxybenzene and occurred at only 25% of the rate found with tyrosine. the dihydroxy product of the hydroxylation reaction, gamma-l-gluta ...	1980	6107321
incorporation of radioactive shikimic acid into n-(gamma-l-glutamyl)-4-hydroxyaniline in agaricus bisporus.	agaricus bisporus contains novel aromatic compounds. by incubation of the mushroom with [g-14 c]shikimic acid, the radioactivity was incorporated into tyrosine, phenylalanine and several unidentified metabolites. the most radioactive metabolite in the stipe and the cap was identified as n-(gamma-l-glutamyl)-4-hydroxyaniline. the radioactivity was proved to be localized in the 4-hydroxyaniline moiety of this compound.	1980	7190029
purification and partial characterization of a bacilliform virus from agaricus bisporus: a single-stranded rna mycovirus.	a bacilliform virus from the cultivated mushroom, agaricus bisporus, has been extensively purified and shown to be a unique mycovirus in that the genome is single-stranded (ss) rna. the purification procedure entailed extraction at ph 6, followed by polyethylene glycol-nacl precipitation, and differential, rate-zonal, and equilibrium centrifugation. mushroom bacilliform virus (mbv) has a buoyant density of 1.317 g/cm(3) in cs2so4, a260/a280 nm absorbance ratio of 1.67, and contains approximately ...	1980	18631673
carcinogenesis of 4-(hydroxymethyl)benzenediazonium ion (tetrafluoroborate) of agaricus bisporus.	4-(hydroxymethyl)benzenediazonium tetrafluoroborate was administered as 26 weekly s.c. injections of 50 microgram/g body weight to randomly bred swiss mice. in addition, as a solvent control, sodium tetrafluoroborate was given as 26 weekly s.c. injections at 25 microgram/g body weight in 0.9% nacl solution to another group of mice. the 4-(hydroxymethyl)benzenediazonium tetrofluoroborate treatment induced tumors in the subcutis and skin in incidence of 20 and 12%, respectively; while in the solve ...	1981	7195302
quantitative determination of the free amino acids and their derivatives in the common edible mushroom, agaricus bisporus.	nitrogen in the ethanol extract of the fruiting bodies of the common edible mushroom, agaricus bisporus, accounted for about 60% of the total nitrogen of the fruiting bodies, and about 70% of the ethanol-extractable nitrogen was attributable to the free amino acids and their derivatives. identification and quantitative determination of the free amino acids and their derivatives contained in this fraction were performed after group separation. of the 44 ninhydrin-positive compounds detected, alan ...	1981	7197300
the cell walls of agaricus bisporus and agaricus campestris fruiting body hyphae.	the hyphal walls of agaricus bisporus and agaricus campestris fruiting bodies were isolated and purified. quantitative analyses revealed that these walls consisted mainly of carbohydrates (78.3-79.2%), lipids (9.9-10.1%), and proteins (8.7-10.2%). the major components of carbohydrate polymers were glucose, n-acetylglucosamine, and glucosamine. in addition, small quantities of galactose and mannose have been found. n-acetylglucosamine and glucosamine were identified chemically and enzymatically, ...	1981	7197579