Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
|---|
| nutritional correlates of monetary diet cost in young, middle-aged and older japanese women. | studies in many western countries have consistently shown that monetary diet cost is positively associated with diet quality, but this may not necessarily be the case in japan. this cross-sectional study examined the nutritional correlates of monetary diet cost among 3963 young (all 18 years old), 3800 middle-aged (mean age 48 years) and 2211 older (mean age 74 years) japanese women. dietary intakes were assessed using a comprehensive self-administered diet history questionnaire for young and mi ... | 0 | 28630699 |
| human exposure asseessment to different arsenic species in tea. | inorganic forms of arsenic are much more highly toxic to humans than organic species. their effects include being carcinogenic, genotoxic and neurotoxic, where in the latter case, above all, they affect nervous system development in the foetus, infants and children. the main foodstuffs contributing significantly to its total dietary intake are drinking water, rice (and its products), fish, seafood, cereals, seaweed, root vegetables, food supplements, mushrooms and tea. after water, tea is the se ... | 0 | 25526572 |
| methods for the volumetric estimation of tea tannin in green-leaf and black tea. a new alkaline permanganate method. | 1940 | 16747284 | |
| [saponins from the seeds of thea sinensis l. iii. the constitution of thea-sapogenol. (1)]. | 1954 | 13215030 | |
| notes on fungi from north-east india. x. chaetospermum camelliae sp. nov. on tea (camellia sinensis (l.) o. kuntze). | 1962 | 13859604 | |
| peptidase activity in shoot tips of the tea plant (camellia sinensis l.). | 1964 | 5839447 | |
| the purification and some properties of the polyphenol oxidase from tea (camellia sinensis l.). | 1. polyphenol oxidase (ec 1. 10. 3.-) from the shoots of the tea plant was purified about 5000-fold on a dry-weight basis. 2. at an intermediate stage of purification four soluble yellow fractions were obtained. they are believed to represent complexes of a basic enzyme protein with acidic phenolic oxidation products and nucleic acids. after removal of the complex-forming materials the fractions were blue and similar to each other. about 40% of the activity could not be extracted from the aceton ... | 1966 | 16742427 |
| occurrence of vitamin e in black tea. | 1966 | 5978237 | |
| changes undergone by free amino-acids during the manufacture of black tea. | 1966 | 5930536 | |
| 5-dehydroshikimate reductase in the tea plant (camellia sinensis l.). properties and distribution. | 1. a method for the extraction of 5-dehydroshikimate reductase (ec 1.1.1.25) from tea plant tissues in an active soluble state has been developed. it is dependent on the use, in the extraction medium, of an insoluble polyphenol adsorbent (polyclar at), which prevents the polyphenols present from precipitating all the proteins. 2. the enzyme has the following properties: ph optima at ph10.1 in glycine-sodium hydroxide buffer and at ph7.7 in tris-hydrochloric acid buffer; k(m) (nadp) 32mum and k(m ... | 1966 | 4380104 |
| an evaluation of preparatory procedures for leaf-tip chromosomes spreads of the tea plant (camellia sinensis). | 1968 | 4176665 | |
| [on the pharmacology of tea-seed-saponins of a saponin mixture from thea sinensis l]. | 1968 | 5755916 | |
| effects of light and darkness on polyphenol distribution in the tea plant (camellia sinensis l.). | 1. flavonoid synthesis was able to proceed in darkness in young shoots and seedlings of the tea plant, but was increased by light. 2. the initial effect of darkness was to inhibit synthesis of the a ring or its linkage to the phenylpropane moiety of the flavonoid, but later the hydroxylation state of the flavanols was affected, leading to smaller proportions of gallocatechins and of complex leucoanthocyanins. 3. the esterification of catechins with gallic acid was less affected, so that the rati ... | 1969 | 16742673 |
| studies on the polyphenol metabolism of tissue cultures derived from the tea pant (camellia sinensis l.). | 1. the growth characteristics on various media of solid and liquid suspension cultures derived from the stem of the tea plant are described; chlorophyll and anthocyanin synthesis occurred in the light. 2. only the simplest catechins and leucoanthocyanins were present in callus tissue, although oligomeric and polymeric leucoanthocyanin fractions were also represented. light caused an increase in all monomeric components analysed, but inhibited polymerization of the leucoanthocyanins. 3. the polyp ... | 1969 | 5821008 |
| the separation and distribution of simple and condensed leucoanthocyanins of the tea plant (camellia sinensis l.). | 1. leucoanthocyanin monomers of high mobilities in aqueous solvents on thinlayer chromatograms, assumed to be structurally simple, were characteristic of mature bulky tissues, whereas members of lower mobility were confined to young vegetative and floral tissues. 2. flavylogens were separated by gel filtration on sephadex columns into monomeric, oligomeric and polymeric fractions. 3. the polymeric fraction from young brown stems was heterogeneous, one-half having a molecular weight of about 3400 ... | 1969 | 5821007 |
| the distribution of polyphenols in the tea plant (camellia sinensis l.). | 1. methods for the separation and determination of the polyphenolic components of the tea plant by thin-layer chromatography and colorimetric reactions have been devised. 2. high concentrations of catechins, flavonols and depsides were found to be restricted to the young vegetative and floral shoots, whereas leucoanthocyanins or flavylogens were characteristic of the more bulky axial tissues of the plant. 3. in the young shoots cell growth was correlated with an increasing degree of flavonoid b- ... | 1969 | 5821006 |
| [triterpenes. xxv. on the structure of "theasaponin", a mixture of saponins from thea sinensis l. exhibiting strong antiexudative properties]. | 1969 | 5800718 | |
| metabolism of methylamine in the tea plant (thea sinensis l.). | 1. the metabolism of methylamine in excised shoot tips of tea was studied with micromolar amounts of [(14)c]methylamine. of the [(14)c]methylamine supplied 57% was utilized by tea shoots during the 10h experimental period. 2. the main products of [(14)c]methylamine metabolism in tea shoots were serine, gamma-glutamylmethylamide, theobromine, caffeine and co(2). there was also incorporation of the label into glutamate, aspartate, rna purine nucleotides and s-adenosylmethionine. 3. the formation o ... | 1973 | 4721610 |
| gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric analyses of "flavory" and "non-flavory" ceylon black tea aroma concentrates prepared by two different methods. | 1973 | 4708861 | |
| polar lipid composition of the leaves and seeds from the tea plant (camellia sinensis l). | 1974 | 4368006 | |
| metabolism of xanthine and hypoxanthine in the tea plant (thea sinensis l.). | 1. the metabolism of xanthine and hypoxanthine in excised shoot tips of tea was studied with micromolar amounts of [2(-14)c]xanthine or [8(-14)c]hypoxanthine. almost all of the radioactive compounds supplied were utilized by tea shoot tips by 30 h after their uptake. 2. the main products of [2(-14)c]xanthine and [8(-14)c]hypoxanthine metabolism in tea shoots were urea, allantoin and allantoic acid. there was also incorporation of the label into theobromine, caffeine and rna purine nucleotides. 3 ... | 1975 | 1147906 |
| metabolism of methionine and biosynthesis of caffeine in the tea plant (camellia sinensis l.). | 1. caffeine biosynthesis was studied by following the incorporation of 14c into the products of l-[me-14c]methionine metabolism in tea shoot tips. 2. after administration of a 'pulse' of l-[me-14c]methionine, almost all of the l-[me-14c]methionine supplied disappeared within 1 h, and 14c-labelled caffeine synthesis increased throughout the experimental periods, whereas the radioactivities of an unknown compound and theobromine were highest at 3 h after the uptake of l-[me-14c]methionine, followe ... | 1976 | 1008848 |
| further investigation of the biosynthesis of caffeine in tea plants (camellia sinensis l.). methylation of transfer ribonucleic acid by tea leaf extracts. | 1. the trna methyltransferase activity in vitro of leaves, cotyledons and roots of 85-day-old tea seedlings was studied. 2. the activity of extracts prepared from tea leaves with polycar at (insoluble polyvinylpyrrolidine) had optimum ph7.7 and was greatly influenced by thiol compounds, but only slightly by metal ions and ammonium acetate. 3. the activities of extracts, expressed per mg of protein, were as follows: roots greater than leaves greater than cotyledons. the only methylated base isola ... | 1976 | 12749 |
| reactivation mechanisms of thiamine with thermostable factors. | it was observed, in vitro, that the water extract of the fermented-tea customarily chewed by thai people has a similar thermostable thiamine-inactivating factor to that found in the water extract of fern. it was also observed that the percentage of thiamine disulfide formed from thiamine with some flavones, catechol, pyrogallol, caffeic acid, dihydroxyphenylalanine, and hemin is greater at ph 7.5 than at ph 7.0. with some flavonoids, such as quercetin, rutin, and 6,7,4'-trihydroxyisoflavone, and ... | 1976 | 978283 |
| carcinogenicity of camellia sinensis (tea) and some tannin-containing folk medicinal herbs administered subcutaneously in rats. | in an attempt to correlate the high incidence of esophageal carcinoma in natives of certain places with their habit of using herbaceous folk medicines, we performed bioassays of several plant extracts and the fractions prepared from them. fourteen extracts and fractions from 6 plants were injected sc into nih black rats. the tannin fractions from quercus falcata pagodaefolia, diospyros virginiana, and camellia sinensis were very active and produced tumors at the injection site in 66% or more of ... | 1976 | 187761 |
| [effect of triterpene glycosides on rna biosynthesis in a yeast cell culture of saccharomyces carlsbergensis]. | the effect of triterpen glycosides of cauloside c from caulophyllum robustum, theasaponine from thea sinensis ahd stichoposide a from stichopus japonicus on multiplication and biosynthesis of rna in the cells of a 7-hour culture of saccharomyces carlsbergensis was studied. it was shown that cauloside c, theasaponine and stichoposide a in concentrations of 7.5 gamma/ml inhibited multiplication of the yeast cells by 65, 10 and 90 per cent respectively. the summation rna of the yeast cells is divid ... | 1977 | 911157 |
| [effect of triterpene glycosides on the plasma membrane permeability for amino acids in saccharomyces carlsbergensis yeast cells]. | the effect of triterpen glycosides, such as cauloside c from caulophyllum robustum, stichoposide a from stichopus japonicus s and the asaponine from thea sinensis l on permeability of the plasmic membranes for amino acids was studied. it was shown that the glycosides induced higher levels of liberation of the amino acids with positively or negatively charged molecules from the cells of saccharomyces carlsbergensis as compared to the control. the transport of the non-polar amino acids was least a ... | 1978 | 623450 |
| [effect of triterpene glycosides on the biosynthesis of sterols and fatty acids by the yeast saccharomyces carlsbergensis]. | the effect of cauloside c from caulophyllum robustum m., theasaponine from thea sinensis l. and stichoposide a from stichopus japonicus s. on the biosynthesis of sterols and fatty acids by the yeast saccharomyces carlsbergensis was studied. in in vivo and in vitro experiments cauloside c and theasaponine inhibited ergosterol biosynthesis at the stage of squalene-to-lanosterol transformation. in in vivo experiments stichoposide a inhibited squalene biosynthesis. the triterpene glycosides tested s ... | 1978 | 724665 |
| [nickel, cobalt, iron, manganese, zinc and chromium content of black tea and the distribution of these metals between prepared infusion and the extracted tea leaves (author's transl)]. | twentytwo samples of black tea were examined for nickel, cobalt, iron, manganese and chromium by atomic absorption spectro-photometry. the amounts of these metals in the tea beverage as well as the amount remaining in the tea leaf residue was determined in duplicate experiments. from these results the proportion of each metal extracted may be calculated, as well as its concentration in the tea beverage prepared under defined conditions. | 1978 | 695959 |
| caffeine content of common beverages. | tea, coffee, carbonated and chocolate beverages were analyzed for caffeine, and results compared in terms of usual serving sizes. significant differences in caffeine levels were found to result from the preparation method of coffee or brewing time of tea. it is possible for a cup of tea, instant coffee, or can of cola beverage to have similar caffeine content (55 to 65 mg.); however, the mean values per cup of black tea (28 to 46 mg.) are considerably lower than for brewed coffee (107 to 151 mg. ... | 1979 | 762339 |
| mutagens in coffee and tea. | coffee prepared in the usual way for drinking contains a substance(s) that is mutagenic to salmonella typhimurium ta100 without mammalian microsomal enzymes. one cup of coffee (200 ml) contains mutagen(s) inducing 1.4-4.6 x 10(5) revertants under standard conditions. instant coffee too is mutagenic to ta100 and one cup of instant coffee prepared from 1 g of coffee powder and 200 ml of water induced 5.6-5.8 x 10(4) revertants of ta100. caffeine-free instant coffee also has similar mutagenicity. a ... | 1979 | 390384 |
| [fluorine content in the urine and in the serum of hydrofluoric acid workers as an index of health administration (author's transl)]. | the behavior of fluoride ion level in the urine and in the serum was measured as an index for health care of workers exposed to hydrofluoric acid, the effect of fluorine-containing foodstuff intake by the workers being considered at the same time. for this study, 250 hydrofluoric acid workers and as a control group 1,600 non-hydrofluoric-acid workers were examined. all workers, ranging in age from 15 to 59 years old, came from the same electronics factory. fluorides in the biological fluids were ... | 1979 | 537219 |
| [effect of triterpene glycosides on plasma membrane permeability for uv-absorbing substances in saccharomyces carlsbergensis yeast cells]. | the effect of triterpene glycosides of cauloside c from caulophyllum robustum m, stichoposide a from stichopus japonicus s. and theasaponine from thea sinensis z. on permeability of plasmic membranes of saccharomyces carlsbergensis for uv-absorbing substances was studied. it was found that incorporation of 14c-uridine from the endocellular pool into the yeast acid-insoluble fraction decreased under the effect of the triterpene glycosides as a result of the precursor leakage from the cell into th ... | 1979 | 34359 |
| [the effect of rooibos tea on iron absorption]. | a study was carried out to determine if rooibos tea (aspalathus linearis) has a deleterious effect on iron absorption similar to that of ordinary tea (camellia sinensis). three groups of volunteers, each consisting of 10 healthy young men comparable with regard to iron status and body dimensions, were studied. after ingestion of 1 muci 59fe and 16 mg of elemental iron, group a drank rooibos tea, group b ordinary tea and group c boiled water. iron absorption was measured 14 days later with a whol ... | 1979 | 462276 |
| prophylactic effect of tea on pathogenic micro-organism infection to human and animals. (1). growth inhibitive and bacteriocidal effect of tea on food poisoning and other pathogenic enterobacterium in vitro. | 0.5% tea powder of oolong tea, green tea and black tea, respectively added to tryptic soy agar (tsa) plates prepared non aseptically could inhibit the growth of colonies of st. aureus and airborne bacteria, but only very few fungi colonies. 0.5% tea powder of oolong tea, green tea and black tea, respectively added to tryptic soy agar (tsa) plates prepared non aseptically could also inhibit the colonial growth of v. cholerae, v. parahaemorrhagiae, sal. dysenteriae, sal. typhi, sal. paratyphi a an ... | 1980 | 7251263 |
| effect of feeding coffee and its lipids on regenerating and intact liver. | liver regeneration was stimulated in partially hepatectomized rats fed diets supplemental with up to 7.0% by weight of ground green and roasted brazilian or hawaiian (kona) coffee in a basal powdered ration but was little influenced by decaffeinated or african robusta coffee diets over a period of 10 days. the causative agent occurred in the total lipids from the active ground coffee batches and could be concentrated in the unsaponifiable portion as was also noted with the product from robusta c ... | 1980 | 7403660 |
| mutagenicity of hydrolysates of tea infusions. | hydrolysates of infusions of green tea and black tea were mutagenic by the ames test. the tea infusions were prepared by a regular method and were hydrolysed with 1 m hcl, hesperidinase, naringinase and human intestinal bacteria. the hydrolysates were successively extracted with chloroform, diethyl ether and ethyl acetate. the mutagenicities of the extracts were assayed by the ames test, and the mutagens were analysed by gc-ms. the ether extracts of the hydrolysates of infusions of both green te ... | 1981 | 7019686 |
| [effect of triterpene glycosides and polyene antibiotics on cell membrane permeability for k+ ions and uv-absorbing substances]. | the effect of triterpene glycosides (cauloside c from caulophyllum robustum, theasaponine from thea sinensis, cucumarioside g from cucumaria fraudatrix stichoposide a from stichopus japonicus s., holothurines a and b from holothuria mexicana, holothurine c from bohadschia sp.) on the membrane permeability for k+ ions and uv-absorbing substances was compared with that of polyene antibiotics, viz., amphotericine b and nystatine. as a biological model fertilized eggs of sea urchin strongylocentrotu ... | 1981 | 7198783 |
| inhibition of passive cutaneous anaphylaxis by compounds of camellia sinensis. | 1981 | 7255570 | |
| mutagenicity of various japanese foodstuffs treated with nitrite. | mutagenic activities of various japanese foodstuffs treated with nitrite at ph 4.2 for 10 min (37 degrees c) were tested using salmonella typhimurium ta 100, ta 1535 and also a streptomycin(sm)-dependent strain of salmonella typhimurium ta 100. among 46 common food samples tested, smoked ham, red wines, black teas, soybean pastes and instant coffee powder gave greatly increased numbers of his+ revertants or sm-independent colonies when treated with nitrite. vegetables, soybean-seasonings and a v ... | 1982 | 7141563 |
| prophylactic effect of tea on pathogenic microorganism infections to humans and animals. (ii). protozoacidal effect on toxoplasma gondii in vitro and mice. | the trophozoites of toxoplasma gondii strain (rh) obtained from the peritoneal exudate of infected mice were treated with tea in various concentrations of 0.5, 1, 3 and 5% for 0.5, 1 and 3 hours, respectively. after treatment, they were intraperitoneally inoculated into the mice to observe the protozoacidal effect of tea. the results obtained are as follows: 1) oolong tea and green tea had stronger protozoacidal effect than black tea. 2) the lowest and effective concentration of tea tested to ki ... | 1982 | 7169306 |
| the influence of dietary tea, coffee and cocoa on protein and energy utilization of soya-bean meal and barley in rats. | two series of balance experiments were performed with growing rats to test the effect of black tea, green tea, coffee and cocoa on protein and energy utilization. in expt 1 soya-bean meal was fed as a basal diet and supplemented with freeze-dried materials from 11 black tea, green tea or coffee/500 g dry matter. cocoa powder, corresponding to 11 of the beverage, was also added to the basal diet. in expt 2 the procedure was repeated with a barley-based diet. in both experiments both tea varieties ... | 1983 | 6684477 |
| folacin content of tea. | total folacin and free folacin activities of 22 commercial tea samples, involving 5 types and 14 brands, were determined by a microbiological assay, using lactobacillus casei (atcc 7469). substantially higher amounts of folacin were found in tea leaves than had been reported previously, due to an improved assay method with added ascorbic acid to protect the labile folate forms. tea brews made from green and black teas contained approximately three to four times more folacin than the brews made f ... | 1983 | 6853937 |
| diphenylamine, an antihyperglycemic agent from onion and tea. | diphenylamine has been isolated as one of the active antihyperglycemic agents of onion. it was identified by ir, uv, cmr, pmr, and mass spectra. it attained the highest percentage in mature onion bulbs; other onion organs contained diphenylamine in lower percentages. green and black teas were found to contain relatively high percentages of diphenylamine, being higher in the former. cooking was found to decrease the diphenylamine content. | 1984 | 6512531 |
| [renal fluoride secretion following the drinking of black tea]. | 1984 | 6730563 | |
| [fluorides--black tea--health]. | 1984 | 6523919 | |
| natural antioxidants. i. antioxidative components of tea leaf (thea sinensis l.). | 1984 | 6467480 | |
| case-control study of urinary bladder cancer in metropolitan nagoya. | we conducted a population-based case-control study of patients with bladder cancer and of controls drawn randomly from the general population of metropolitan nagoya and interviewed both groups. the incidence rates of bladder cancer were 2.42 and 7.05/100,000 for females and males, respectively. the analysis, based on 293 patients and 589 controls who were frequency matched for age, sex, and residence, provided the following major findings. age-adjusted relative risks of 1.89 (1.15-3.10) and 3.53 ... | 1985 | 3834338 |
| detection and chemical identification of natural bio-antimutagens. a case of the green tea factor. | a bio-antimutagen, isolated from japanese green tea (leaves of camellia sinensis), reduced high spontaneous mutations due to altered dna-polymerase iii in a mutator strain of bacillus subtilis. chemical studies showed that the factor was epigallo-catechin-gallate (egcg). | 1985 | 3923334 |
| protein conversion efficiencies of four test diets based on milk, two milk and tea treatments, and casein. | milk consumption in 80 households in western kenya averaged .25 to 1.00 l per family per day. most of this milk was processed into a milk and tea beverage. polyphenols, the major determinants of tea flavor and character, form soluble complexes with casein when black tea infusions are mixed with milk. test diets were prepared from the following treatments: a) casein reference diet; b) milk, no tea leaves; c) milk added after heat treatment; and d) traditional kenyan-style tea (i.e., milk and tea ... | 1986 | 3722539 |
| mutagens in coffee and other beverages. | a cup of coffee contains mutagens which produce about 5 x 10(4)-10(5) revertants of salmonella typhimurium ta 100 without s9 mix. one of the mutagens was identified to be methylglyoxal. methylglyoxal was present in various beverages such as black tea, whisky, and brandy. methylglyoxal itself induced tumors in rats when administered by subcutaneous injection. however, the mutagenic properties of coffee were different from those of methylglyoxal. the mutagenicity of coffee was suppressed by catala ... | 1986 | 3757962 |
| black tea consumption and cancer risk: a prospective study. | in a prospective cohort study, men of japanese ancestry were clinically examined from 1965 to 1968. for 7,833 of these men, data on black tea consumption habits were recorded. since 1965, newly diagnosed cancer incidence cases have been identified: 152 colon, 151 lung, 149 prostate, 136 stomach, 76 rectum, 57 bladder, 30 pancreas, 25 liver, 12 kidney and 163 at other (miscellaneous) sites. compared to almost-never drinkers, men habitually drinking black tea more than once/day had an increased re ... | 1986 | 3778808 |
| pesticide residues in black tea. | an investigation of residues of organochlorine and organophosphorous pesticides, as well as of a number of fungicides and of inorganic bromide in 99 samples of black tea taken on the danish market is reported. the type of pesticide residues involved appear to be very uniform within each country of origin, whereas there are distinct differences between individual countries. tea from sri lanka seems to contain less and fewer residues than tea from the other big tea producing countries. a great man ... | 1986 | 3751325 |
| [the structures of two new flavonoid glycosides from bai-shui-cha, a kind of camellia sinensis l]. | 1987 | 3661207 | |
| [effect of six edible plants on the development of afb1-induced gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase-positive hepatocyte foci in rats]. | six edible plants, green tea (gt), black tea (bt), lentinus edodes (berk) sing (le), hericium erinaceus (bull. ex fr.) pers. (he), mixture of ganoderma lucidum (ley ss ex fr.) karst et ganoderma japanium (fr.) lloyd (mglj) and mung bean (mb), were tested for the effect on the development of afb1-induced gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase positive hepatocyte foci (gamma-gt foci) using an in vivo short-term test model in rats. the rats received intraperitoneally 12 doses of initiator afb1, 400 microgram ... | 1987 | 2443327 |
| folklore therapeutic indigenous plants in periodontal disorders in india (review, experimental and clinical approach). | though a number of plants and their parts are used for dental ailments among population in rural and urban areas of developing countries, in india however, the most common house-hold, road-side plants are mango (mangifera indica), neem (azadirachta indica; melia azadirachta), ocimum (ocimum basilicum), tea-dust (camellia sinensis) and uncommonly murayya, i.e., currey leaf (murayya koenigi) [chopra et al. 1958, kirtikar and basu 1935, nadakarni 1954, satyavati 1984]. the leaves of these plants ar ... | 1988 | 3042642 |
| iron, copper and zinc metabolism of rats fed various levels and types of tea. | the effects of tea and components in tea on mineral metabolism were investigated in a series of studies. in studies a and b weanling rats were fed diets containing various levels (0, 0.35, 1.17 or 3.50%) of a commercially prepared instant tea and diets containing 0 or 1.17% catechin. in study c anemic rats were fed diets containing 0 or 2.31% desiccated green or black tea infusions for 23 d. in study d rats were fed a diet containing 2.31% desiccated black tea infusions for 16 d, were fed the te ... | 1988 | 3335939 |
| factors related to late menopause and early menarche as risk factors for breast cancer. | to investigate underlying factors of late menopause and early menarche which are regarded as risk factors for breast cancer, we analyzed the relationships between ages at menarche and menopause, and other environmental and physical factors using the data of a population-based survey conducted in aichi prefecture, japan. the analysis on menopause was based on 3,148 women aged 55 or more and the analysis on menarche was based on 16,392 women aged 40 or more. these subjects were grouped into three ... | 1988 | 3130350 |
| characteristics of past smokers. | we studied characteristics of past smokers according to the duration of cessation of smoking based on data from a population-based survey. lifestyle, prevalences of various symptoms and diseases and other factors were compared among current smokers (8507 males and 2012 females), past smokers (4423 males and 684 females) and non-smokers (2431 males and 12,859 females) aged 40 years and over. compared to current smokers, past smokers consumed more bread, milk, vegetables, fruit and black tea, and ... | 1989 | 2788628 |
| differential inhibition of hiv-reverse transcriptase and various dna and rna polymerases by some catechin derivatives. | the two components of camellia sinensis (green tea) (i.e., (-)-epigallocatechin gallate and (-)-epicatechin gallate were found to differentially inhibit the activities of reverse transcriptase and cellular dna and rna polymerases. the strongest inhibition by these compounds was observed with reverse transcriptase. dna polymerases alpha and beta were also strongly inhibited. the mode of the inhibition of reverse transcriptase and other dna polymerases was competitive with respect to the template. ... | 1989 | 2481838 |
| crude tea extracts decrease the mutagenic activity of n-methyl-n'-nitro-n-nitrosoguanidine in vitro and in intragastric tract of rats. | the effects of tea extracts and their ingredients, catechins and l-ascorbic acid (asa), on the mutagenicity of n-methyl-n'-nitro-n-nitrosoguanidine (mnng) were examined in vitro and in the stomachs of rats using e. coli wp2 and s. typhimurium ta100. the extracts of green tea and black tea leaves decreased the mutagenic activity of mnng to e. coli wp2 in vitro in a desmutagenic manner. catechins such as (-)-epigallocatechin from green tea leaves and the low-molecular-weight tannin fraction isolat ... | 1989 | 2642597 |
| effect of consumption of green and black tea on the level of various enzymes in rats. | drinking of both green and black tea as the only liquid ingested resulted in significant decreases in the activity of transketolase in whole blood of rats both before and after the in vitro addition of thiamin diphosphate. liver transketolase activity was decreased only by green tea. mucosal transketolase activity was not affected by either type of tea. the activity of lactate dehydrogenase (ldh) was not affected by either type of tea, while whole blood ldh was decreased by both green and black ... | 1989 | 2912766 |
| chromosome aberrations induced by aflatoxin b1 in rat bone marrow cells in vivo and their suppression by green tea. | aflatoxin b1 (afb1)-induced chromosome aberrations (ca) in rat bone marrow cells consisted mainly of gaps and breaks. cells with exchanges and multiple ca were observed infrequently. the incidence of aberrant cells and the number of aberrations per cell were at their maximum levels 18 h after the afb1 injection. they were dependent on the administered dose of afb1. rats given the hot water extract from green tea (gte) 24 h before they were injected with afb1 displayed considerably suppressed afb ... | 1989 | 2922009 |
| [anti-caries effects of polyphenol compound from camellia sinensis]. | polyphenol compound (designated sunphenon) from leaf of camellia sinensis have been partially purified by extraction of the boiling water with ethyl acetate. the effect of sunphenon on cariogenic streptococcus mutans groups (serotype c and g) was studied in both in vitro and in vivo. the summary of results were described as follows; 1) addition of sunphenon to s. mutans jc-2 (c) caused a decrease in cell viability. the activity of sunphenon showed that multiple application are required for killi ... | 1990 | 2135607 |
| effect of tea polyphenols on glucan synthesis by glucosyltransferase from streptococcus mutans. | in the course of our studies on the development of anti-plaque agents for prevention of dental caries, we investigated effects of some of tea preparations and their individual components on the glucan synthesis catalyzed by glucosyltransferase (gtf) from streptococcus mutans. extracts of green tea and black tea, and polyphenol mixtures showed appreciable inhibition in the synthesis of insoluble glucan. among the components isolated from tea infusions, theaflavin and its mono- and digallates had ... | 1990 | 2140716 |
| differential inhibitory effects of some catechin derivatives on the activities of human immunodeficiency virus reverse transcriptase and cellular deoxyribonucleic and ribonucleic acid polymerases. | the two components of camellia sinensis (tea plant) [i.e., (-)-epicatechin gallate and (-)-epigallocatechin gallate] were found to differentially inhibit the activities of reverse transcriptase and cellular dna and rna polymerases. under the assay conditions optimized for each enzyme species, the strongest inhibition by these compounds was observed with reverse transcriptase. the concentrations of (-)-epicatechin gallate and (-)-epigallocatechin gallate required for 50% inhibition of the activit ... | 1990 | 1693287 |
| [fluoride content of deciduous teeth after regular intake of black tea]. | continuous intake of black tea rich in fluorides leads to distinct increase of fluoride content of temporary teeth. this is to consider analogous a caries prophylaxis. | 1990 | 2268641 |
| production of theanine and other γ-glutamyl derivatives by camellia sinensis cultured cells. | the maximum theanine production by camellia sinensis cultured cells was achieved by culturing in the modified ms medium containing 2 mg/l indole-3-butyric acid, 0.1 mg/l kinetin, 0 mm nh4no3 and 39.6 mm kno3 with 40 mm ethylamine hydrochloride or 20 mm ethylamine hydrochloride and 10 mm l-glutamic acid. other primary amines, such as methylamine, n-butylamine, 2-hydroxyethylamine, 2cyanoethylamine, aniline, benzylamine and phenylethylamine, were also biotransformed to n(5)-alkyl-l-glutamine deriv ... | 1990 | 24226431 |
| counter-current chromatography of black tea infusions. | counter-current chromatography using a multilayer coil planet centrifuge, with solvent system ethyl acetate-butanol-water, permits the separation of black tea infusions into fractions which include pure sii and a mixture of si and sia thearubigins. good resolution of several components of the infusion may be achieved in elution times of 1 to 2 h. the appearance of chromatograms is altered on decaffeinating the infusion. the effect of stationary phase composition is considered. resolution of the ... | 1990 | 2355066 |
| [a case control study of cancer of the pancreas]. | we report the findings of a case-control study of cancer of the pancreas, which was conducted in hokkaido prefecture. seventy-one patients with pancreatic cancer were matched on sex and age (+/- 3 years) to 142 community-based controls. the latter had telephone interviews. we questioned all subjects about demographic factors, diet, beverage consumption, and medical and surgical history. significantly decreased risks were associated with consumption of raw vegetables and green tea. the risk incre ... | 1990 | 2313889 |
| [the effect of a black tea extract on the tumor-like growth of the fungus fusarium bulbigenum var. blasticola]. | the antiblastogenic activity of black tea is predicted with a 98% credibility basing on the observation of its inhibitory or preventive effect on spontaneous or carcinogen-induced tumor development in the culture of mycelial fungus fusarium bulbigenum var. blasticola. | 1990 | 2316201 |
| [quantitative analysis of (-)-epigallocatechin gallate in tea leaves by high-performance liquid chromatography]. | the quantitative analysis of (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (egcg) in tea (camellia sinensis l.) was performed by high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc) with a c-18 reversed-phase column. egcg was then eluted within 20 min by using methanol-water-acetic acid (20:75:5 (v/v/v)) as an eluent. as an internal standard, tryptophan was used. the content of egcg in five kinds of green tea (sencha, gyokuro, bancha, matsucha and oolong tea) and in a cup of those was determined by both the extraction ... | 1991 | 1806661 |
| inhibitory effect of chinese tea on n-nitrosation in vitro and in vivo. | the inhibitory effect of 145 samples of chinese tea on the formation of n-nitrosomorpholine was studied in vitro. the rates of inhibition by green tea, crush, tear, curl (ctc) black tea, brick tea, jasmine tea, oolong tea, sun-dried tea and black tea were positively correlated with their polyphenol contents. an inhibitory effect of green and black tea on endogenous n-nitrosation was also confirmed in humans. drinking tea after a meal had a greater effect than drinking it before a meal. | 1991 | 1855915 |
| two flavonol glycosides from seeds of camellia sinensis. | two novel flavonol triglycosides, camelliaside a and b, have been isolated from seeds of camellia sinensis. the structures were determined to be kaempferol 3-o-[2-o-beta-d- galactopyranosyl-6-o-alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl]-beta-d-glucopyranoside and kaempferol 3-o-[2-o-beta- d-xylopyranosyl-6-o-alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl]-beta-d-glucopyranoside on the basis of spectroscopic, chemical and enzymatic studies. these types of interglycosidic linkages, gal(1----2)[rha(1----6)]glc and xyl(1----2)[rha(1----6)] ... | 1991 | 1368184 |
| flavonol triglycosides containing galactose in tea. | the isolation and structural elucidation of new quercetin and kaempferol triglycosides from camellia sinensis is described. their structures were determined as quercetin and kaempferol 3-glucosyl(1----3) rhamnosyl(1----6)galactosides. the content of quercetin glucosylrhamnosylgalactoside ranged between 0 and 87 mg per 100 g, and that of the kaempferol homologue between 0 and 119 mg per 100 g dry wt. | 1991 | 1367342 |
| dietary nicotine: a source of urinary cotinine. | foods, principally from plants in the family solanaceae, and a number of teas were examined for the presence of nicotine. dietary nicotine would give rise to cotinine in urine and compromise estimates of exposure to tobacco smoke that depend on urinary cotinine. all foods were homogenized, extracted and analysed for nicotine and cotinine by gas chromatography with nitrogen-sensitive detection (gc) and/or gc/ms (mass spectrometry). weak acid and aqueous extracts of the teas were analysed in a sim ... | 1991 | 1765327 |
| niacin, thiamin, iron and protein status of humans as affected by the consumption of tea (camellia sinensis) infusions. | the objective of the project was to determine the effects of tea (camellia sinensis) leaf beverage consumption on the apparent utilization of niacin, thiamin, and protein in human subjects. during two randomly arranged experimental periods of 14 days each, 10 adult female human subjects were fed a constant (same foods each day), measured, laboratory-controlled diet. tea was fed during one period while no tea was allowed during the other period. a dehydrated black tea infusion product (instant te ... | 1991 | 1796091 |
| tea tannin components modify the induction of sister-chromatid exchanges and chromosome aberrations in mutagen-treated cultured mammalian cells and mice. | the modifying effects of tannin components extracted from green tea and black tea on mutagen-induced sces and chromosome aberrations were studied. these tannin components did not affect spontaneous sces and chromosome aberrations in cultured chinese hamster cells. the frequency of sces and chromosome aberrations induced by mitomycin c (mmc) or uv was enhanced by the posttreatment with tea tannin components. when cells were post-treated with tea tannin components in the presence of metabolic enzy ... | 1991 | 1899132 |
| mutagenicity and carcinogenicity of tea, camellia sinensis. | aqueous, caffeine free and tannin fractions of commercial tea and tannic acid were tested for mutagenicity in ames test. tea fractions of tannic acid were non mutagenic in strains ta 100, ta 98, ta 1535 and ta 1538 of salmonella typhimurium with or without metabolic activation (rat-s9 mix) at different doses tested. in strain ta 98 the above tea fractions and tannic acid inhibited the s9 mix mediated mutagenicity of tobacco in a dose dependent manner. the different tea fractions at 60 degrees c, ... | 1991 | 1916936 |
| inhibition of platelet activation and endothelial cell injury by flavan-3-ol and saikosaponin compounds. | the effects of flavan-3-ol and saikosaponin compounds on platelet aggregation, platelet thromboxane biosynthesis and h2o2-induced endothelial cell injury were studied. seven flavan-3-ol compounds isolated from camellia sinensis l. var sinensis o. kuntze (theaceae) and three saikosaponin compounds isolated from bupleurum falcatum l. (umbelliferae) were used. among the 10 compounds tested, only epigallocatechin and saikosaponin a significantly inhibited human platelet aggregation induced by adp, a ... | 1991 | 1946562 |
| the protective activity of tea against infection by vibrio cholerae o1. | extracts of black tea exhibited bactericidal activity against vibrio cholerae o1. the tea extract inhibited the haemolysin activity of v. cholerae o1, el tor and the morphological changes of chinese hamster ovary cells induced by cholera toxin. tea extract also reduced fluid accumulation induced by cholera toxin in sealed adult mice and by v. cholerae o1 in ligated intestinal loops of rabbits. these findings suggest that tea has protective activity against v. cholerae o1. | 1991 | 2019547 |
| anticaries effects of polyphenolic compounds from japanese green tea. | the dental caries inhibiting effect of the extract from japanese green tea, one of the most popular drinks in japan, was studied both in vitro and in vivo. the crude tea polyphenolic compounds (designated sunphenon) from the leaf of camellia sinensis were found to effectively inhibit the attachment of streptococcus mutans strain jc-2 (serotype c) to saliva-coated hydroxyapatide discs. sunphenon was also inhibitory to water-insoluble glucan formation from sucrose by crude glucosyltransferase of s ... | 1991 | 1667297 |
| the inhibitory effect of plant extracts on the collagenolytic activity and cytotoxicity of human gingival fibroblasts by porphyromonas gingivalis crude enzyme. | it is well known that plant extracts inhibit some enzymatic activities. the present study examined the inhibitory effects of natural plant extracts against the collagenolytic activity of porphyromonas gingivalis. the enzyme was isolated from a culture supernatant of p. gingivalis 381. the aqueous and 50% ethanolic extracts of ginkgo biloba, mosla chinensis, salvia officinalis, cinnamomum cassia, and a catechin extract of camellia sinensis exhibited strong inhibitory effects on collagenolytic act ... | 1991 | 1668071 |
| inhibition of rotavirus and enterovirus infections by tea extracts. | epigallocatechin gallate from green tea and theaflavin digallate from black tea inhibited infections of cultured rhesus monkey kidney ma 104 cells with rotaviruses and enteroviruses. their antiviral effects were maximally induced when directly added to virus, and their pre- and post-treatment of the cells produced much weak antiviral activity. antiviral activity of the extracts therefore seems to be attributable to interference with virus adsorption. | 1991 | 1668240 |
| site-specific dna cleavage by mammalian dna topoisomerase ii induced by novel flavone and catechin derivatives. | four naturally occurring flavones (baicalein, quercetin, quercetagetin and myricetin) and two novel catechins [(-)-epicatechin gallate and (-)-epigallocatechin gallate, from the tea plant camellia sinensis], which are known inhibitors of reverse transcriptase, were shown to induce mammalian topoisomerase ii-dependent dna-cleavage in vitro. the flavones differed from the catechins in causing unwinding of duplex dna, but both classes of compound induced enzymic dna breakage at the same sites on dn ... | 1992 | 1313232 |
| [protective activity of tea and catechins against bordetella pertussis]. | we examined the bactericidal activity of tea and catechins against bordetella pertussis. green tea, black tea and coffee showed marked bactericidal activity at their concentrations in beverages, while pu-erh tea killed the bacteria in a moderate way. (-) epigallocatechin gallate (egcg) and theaflavin digallate (tf3) showed also marked bactericidal activity. green tea and black tea also effectively blocked the adhesion of b. pertussis to hela and cho cells, whereas ecgg and tf3 could not. egcg an ... | 1992 | 1402092 |
| [antimicrobial and microbicidal activities of tea and catechins against mycoplasma]. | we examined tea extracts, (-) epigallocatechin gallate (egcg) and theaflavin digallate (tf3) for their antimicrobial and microbicidal activities against mycoplasma. green tea and black tea showed antimicrobial activities against m. pneumoniae. at a concentration of 0.2% green tea and black tea showed microbicidal activities against m. pneumoniae and m. orale but not against m. salivarium. extracts of pu-erh tea showed a slight microbicidal activity against m. pneumoniae and m. orale. egcg purifi ... | 1992 | 1402093 |
| (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate in camellia sinensis leaves from himalayan region of sikkim: inhibitory effects against biochemical events and tumor initiation in sencar mouse skin. | recently, we and others showed that the components of green tea may be useful cancer chemopreventive agents. it has been suggested that (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (egcg), the major constituent in green tea, may possess antitumor-promoting and/or anticarcinogenic effects in rodent tumor bioassay systems. during the chemical analysis of various green tea products, we found a traditionally preserved preparation of green tea used by tribes in the himalayan region of sikkim, india that was rich i ... | 1992 | 1408948 |
| antioxidative effect of polyphenol extract prepared from various chinese teas. | methods. twelve different types of chinese teas, including green, semifermented, and black tea, were studied for their antioxidant activities and active components. compositions of (-)-epicatechin, (-)-epigallocatechin, (-)-epicatechin gallate, (-)-epigallocatechin gallate, and gallic acid were identified by fast atom bombardment-mass spectrometry and high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography. antioxidant activities in lard ... | 1992 | 1409493 |
| [microbial contamination of twenty drugs of plant origin]. | twenty drugs of plant origin were analysed in order to determine the microbial contamination level. a light homogenizing method was used to avoid an increase in the antimicrobial capacity of certain drugs, which would falsify the analytical results. the total viable aerobic count (tvc) varied from 10(1) to 10(7) cfu/g and in 11 samples out of 21 was equal to or higher than 10(5) cfu/g. the number of fungi varied from one drug to another, but was generally lower than the aerobic tvc to the power ... | 1992 | 1438458 |
| inhibition of n-nitrosodiethylamine- and 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone-induced tumorigenesis in a/j mice by green tea and black tea. | the effect of p.o. administration of tea on nitrosamine-induced carcinogenesis was investigated. female a/j mice were given n-nitrosodiethylamine (ndea) (10 mg/kg) p.o. once a week for 8 weeks and were killed 16 weeks after the last dose. more than 90% of the mice had forestomach and lung tumors. the animals had an average of 8.3 forestomach and 2.5 lung tumors/mouse. with 0.63 or 1.25% green tea infusion (12.5 g green tea leaves brewed with 1 liter of boiling water) as the sole source of drinki ... | 1992 | 1551122 |
| the effects of chinese tea on the occurrence of esophageal tumors induced by n-nitrosomethylbenzylamine in rats. | based on previous studies on the blocking effect of chinese tea in the formation of n-nitroso compounds in rats and humans, experiments were carried out to study the effects of chinese tea on the occurrence of esophageal tumors induced by n-nitrosomethylbenzylamine (nmbza) in rats. | 1992 | 1615000 |
| cytotoxicity of coffee in human intestinal cells in vitro and its inhibition by peroxidase. | the cytotoxic effects of dried preparations of nine different beverages, including alcoholic drinks, on human embryonic intestinal cells in vitro and the cytoprotective effects of several enzymes were examined. instant coffee and green tea were the most cytotoxic beverages (id(50) value 0.016 ml equivalents/ml). peroxidase (0.015 units/ml) completely nullified the cytotoxic effects of instant coffee, green tea and black tea; catalase had a less protective effect. in contrast, superoxide dismutas ... | 1992 | 20732140 |
| a multi-institute case-control study on the risk factors of developing pancreatic cancer. | a multi-institute, hospital-based, case-control study on pancreatic cancer was carried out to examine its association with preceding diseases, cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking and dietary factors. analyses were based on 124 newly diagnosed exocrine pancreatic cancer cases and sex-, age- and institute-matched hospital controls in seven hospitals in japan. cigarette smoking showed a positive association with the risk of developing pancreatic cancer. especially among smokers, a risk enhancing ef ... | 1992 | 1434027 |
| tea components: antimutagenic and anticarcinogenic effects. | tea from the camellia sinensis species of the theaceae family is one of the most ancient and, next to water, the most widely consumed beverage in the world. since tea contains several polyphenols and since several other naturally occurring dietary polyphenols have shown antimutagenic effects in bacteria and anticarcinogenic effects in animal bioassay systems, we studied whether polyphenols extracted from chinese green tea (gtp) also possess antimutagenic and anticarcinogenic effects. | 1992 | 1614996 |
| green tea composition, consumption, and polyphenol chemistry. | tea is grown in about 30 countries but is consumed worldwide, although at greatly varying levels. it is the most widely consumed beverage aside from water with a per capita worldwide consumption of approximately 0.12 liter per year. tea is manufactured in three basic forms. green tea is prepared in such a way as to preclude the oxidation of green leaf polyphenols. during black tea production oxidation is promoted so that most of these substances are oxidized. oolong tea is a partially oxidized p ... | 1992 | 1614995 |
| physiological and pharmacological effects of camellia sinensis (tea): first symposium. new york city, march 4-5, 1991. | 1992 | 1352045 | |
| micropropagation of an elite darjeeling tea clone. | shoot cultures of camellia sinensis (l.) o. kuntz var. t-78, an elite darjeeling tea clone, were established from cotyledonary nodes and shoot tips of germinated seedlings as well as from nodal explants of field grown plants. shoot multiplication rate ranged from 4x in nodal explants to 35x in cotyledonary nodes after 18 weeks of culture. rooting was achieved in 80-90% micro-shoots by either placing them on an inductive medium for 10 d and then transferring shoots to hormone-free medium, or by t ... | 1992 | 24213495 |
| preparation of congou black tea from stale green tea. | 1992 | 27280839 | |
| determination of flavone c-glycosides in tea. | an hplc method for the determination of flavone c-glycosides (fcg) from black tea has been developed. sample clean-up was accomplished by means of polyamide column chromatography, followed by enzyme hydrolysis of interfering compounds such was flavonol glycosides and a second polyamide column chromatographic step. using hplc with gradient elution and photodiode array detection eight fcg were separated. seven fcg were isolated by means of preparative hplc. identification was carried out using co- ... | 1993 | 8237118 |