Publications

differential expression of a wrky gene between wild and cultivated soybeans correlates to seed size.	soybean (glycine max) probably originated from the wild soybean (glycine soja). glycine max has a significantly larger seed size, but the underlying genomic changes are largely unknown. candidate regulatory genes were preliminarily proposed by data co-localizing rna sequencing with the quantitative loci (qtls) for seed size. the soybean gene locus soywrky15a and its orthologous genes from g. max (gmwrky15a) and g. soja (gswrky15a) were analyzed in detail. the coding sequences were nearly identic ...	0	28472462
crossing experiments with glycine soja and g. gracilis.		1952	12989433
haemagglutinins of glycine soja.		1955	13272759
studies on the influence of stannous chloride on the decomposition of urea by soyabean (glycine soja) urease.		1960	13795787
influence of enzyme and substrate concentrations on the decomposition of urea by commercial urease and urease obtained from glycine soja beans in phosphate buffer.		1961	13685889
specificity of glycine soja agglutinins.		1963	14103469
blood sugar and total cholesterol lowering effect of glycine soja (sieb and zucc.), mucuna pruriens (d.c.) and dolichos biflorus (linn.) seed diets in normal fasting albino rats.		1968	5732448
physical and chemical studies of a low-molecular-weight form of urease.	1. a new form of enzymically active jack-bean [canavalia ensiformis (l.) dc] urease corresponding to an s(20,w) value of 11.8s and a molecular weight of 260000 was investigated. 2. conversion of 18s urease (ec 3.5.1.5) into the 12s form depends on both low protein concentration and ph. above ph5.3 urease exists in the 18s form and below ph4.8 in the 12s form; between these two ph values a 12s-18s rapid-equilibrium process is observed. 3. comparison of the properties of 18s and 12s urease indicat ...	1968	5691753
lipids in plant tissue cultures. v. effect of environmental conditions on the lipids of glycine soja and brassica napus cultures.	the environmental conditions prevailing during growth of plant tissue cultures affect the concentration of certain lipid classes and the fatty acid patterns of the total lipids. irrespective of whether the cultures are grown under continuous illumination or in the dark, aerated cultures contain larger proportions of sterols, steryl esters, steryl glycosides and various sterylglycolipids and lower concentrations of squalene than non-aerated cultures. the lipids of the latter contain larger propor ...	1975	1168102
[examination and composition of some legume seeds (author's transl)].	the chemical composition of some legume seeds is reviewed. it was found that soy (glycine soja), field beans (vicia faba), vicia sativa and lens culingris (red seeds) have the highest protein content. there were only minor differences in amino acid composition except for glutamic acid. the lysine content of legume seeds was high. lysine is the most limiting essential amino acid in cereal proteins, therefore cereal products can be improved nutritionally by addition of legume seed flour. examinati ...	1977	560092
additional precipitation reactions of lectins with human serum glycoproteins.	highly purified human serum glycoproteins were treated with neuraminidase and examined for their cross reaction with several lectins with anti-galactosyl specificity: beta-d-galactosyl structures are thought to be the main terminal sugar residues that become attached de novo after removal of neuraminic acid. the following lectins were tested: tridacnin from the bivalve clams tridacna maxima and tridacna gigas, the agglutinin from the sponge axinella polypoides, the lectin from the roach rutilus ...	1978	564939
studies on lectins. xxxvi. properties of some lectins prepared by affinity chromatography on o-glycosyl polyacrylamide gels.	a number of lectins has been purified by affinity chromatography on o-glycosyl polyacrylamide gels. the lectins isolated (and the particular sugar ligands used in the affinity carriers) are as follows: anguilla anguilla, serum (alpha-l-fucosyl-), vicia cracca, seeds; phaseolus lunatus, seeds; glycine soja, seeds; dolichos biflorus, seeds; maclura pomifera, seeds; sarothamnus scoparius, seeds; helix pomatia, ablumin glands; clitocybe nebularis, fruiting bodies (all n-acetyl-alpha-d-galactosaminyl ...	1978	563738
studies on lectins. xl. o-glycosyl derivatives of spheron in affinity chromatography of lectins.	free monosaccharides can be used for direct glycosylation of spheron, a spherical macroporous hydroxyalkyl methacrylate-ethylene dimethacrylate copolymer, in a reaction that proceeds at room temperature in dioxane medium under catalysis of dry hcl or bf3. derivatives of l-fucose, d-galactose, d-glucose, d-mannose, n-acetyl-d-galactosamine and n-acetyl-d-glucosamine thus prepared from spheron beads have been shown to be efficient affinity carriers in isolation of lectins from seeds of canavalia e ...	1978	638203
studies on lectins. xliv. the ph dependence of lectin interactions with sugars as determined by affinity electrophoresis.	the ph dependence of association constants of the lectin-sugar complexes was determined by means of affinity electrophoresis. all the lectins studied (from the seeds of dolichos biflorus, glycine soja, lens esculenta and vicia cracca and of the fruiting body of marasmius oreades) were characterized by a similar course of ph dependence of the association constants, with the maximum values at ph 7--9. for concanavalin a and the l-fucose binding ulex europaeus lectin only the association constants ...	1979	33723
studies on lectins. xlix. the use of glycosyl derivatives of dextran t-500 for affinity electrophoresis of lectins.	p-aminophenyl glycosides and glycosylamines were coupled to periodate oxidized dextran t-500 either directly or through an epsilon-aminocaproic acid spacer. the new glycosylated derivatives of dextran specifically precipitate lectins having the appropriate carbohydrate specificity, and thus were used in the preparation of affinity gels for affinity electrophoresis of lectins. the apparent strength of interaction of several lectins with carbohydrate residues immobilized in this way was less than ...	1980	6161150
effect of raw legume diets on disaccharidase activity in the small intestine of chicks.	the effect of four raw legume diets: field beans (vicia faba) (rfb), navy beans (phaseolus vulgaris) (rnb), soybeans (glycine soja) (rsb) and bitter vetch (vicia ervilia) (rbv), on disaccharidase activities in chick small intestine have been studied. maltase and sucrase activities, which vary with age, were determined in 1 to 60 day old animals, rfb and rbv diets had no effect on maltase activity and only increased sucrase activity in 60 day old chicks. both maltase and sucrase activities decrea ...	1980	7192009
effect of raw legume diets on intestinal absorption of d-galactose by chick.	the effect of four raw legume diets on the intestinal absorption of d-galactose and oxygen consumption were studied in chick. field beans (vicia faba), soybeans (glycine soja), bitter vetch (vicia ervilia), and navy beans (phaseolus vulgaris), were used. the intestinal absorption was determined by both in vivo and in vitro techniques. in vivo, only navy beans and soybeans inhibit intestinal transport of d-galactose, while in vitro all the diets do. oxygen consumption by intestinal rings increase ...	1980	7394275
host recognition in the rhizobium-soybean symbiosis.	polar binding of rhizobium japonicum to roots and root hairs of glycine soja (l.) sieb. and zucc. is specifically inhibited by d-galactose and n-acetyl-d-galactosamine, haptens of glycine max seed lectin. a protein, immunologically cross-reactive with the g. max seed lectin, is present in g. soja seed extracts. peptide mapping of the purified g. max and g. soja lectins indicates that the two are similar in structure. soybean lectin can be localized on the surface of both g. max and g. soja roots ...	1980	16661488
intestinal absorption of d-galactose and l-leucine and intestinal disaccharidase activities in growing chickens fed different raw legume diets.	a significant (p less than .01) impairment in the rate of growth, along with a significant (p less than .01) inhibition in the rate of in vivo intestinal absorption of d-galactose and l-leucine, and in the in vitro intestinal absorption of d-galactose, was found in growing chickens fed ad libitum over a 60-day period, diets containing the raw legumes vicia faba, glycine soja, vicia ervilia, and phaseolus vulgaris as the main source of protein. furthermore, a significant (p less than .01) reducti ...	1981	7301750
studies on lectins. li. the role of mn2+ in the activity of the soybean lectin.	in contradistinction to previous reports, the lectin of soybeans (glycine soja) has been shown to retain its erythroagglutinating activity after complete removal of manganese from its molecule. the applied demetallization procedures (dialysis against 0.1 m hcl or 1m acetic acid and against 0.1 m edta following by dialysis against 1 m acetic acid) had no effect on the stability of the lectin subunit structure, as proved by ultracentrifugation analysis or thin-layer chromatography on sephadex g-20 ...	1981	7197555
organization and expression of leghaemoglobin genes.	leghaemoglobin genes in soybean (glycine max) are present as a moderately reiterated family of sequences. since there are identical restriction site patterns of these sequences in dna isolated from leaf, root, or nodule tissue, the data suggest that no major changes in the organization or methylation of leghaemoglobin genes occur during their induction. cloned soybean leghaemoglobin-cdna cross hybridized with rna from root nodules of kidney bean (phaseolus vulgaris), and to a lesser extent, of p ...	1982	6282418
fast-growing rhizobia isolated from root nodules of soybean.	fast-growing rhizobia have been isolated from soybean root nodules collected in china. these new isolates are physiologically distinct from slow-growing soybean rhizobia. they formed effective nitrogen-fixing associations with wild soybean and an unbred soybean cultivar from china, but were largely ineffective as nitrogen-fixing symbionts with common commercial cultivars of soybeans.	1982	17788491
isolation, purification, and partial characterization of formate dehydrogenase from soybean seed.	soybean (glycine soja var beeson) formate dehydrogenase has been isolated, purified, and partially characterized by affinity chromatography. the enzyme is a dimer having a total molecular weight of 100,000 and a subunit weight of 47,000. it has activity over a broad ph range, is stable for months at 4 degrees c, and has k(m) values of 0.6 millimolar and 5.7 micromolar for formate and nad, respectively.	1983	16663314
histochemical studies on lectin binding in reactive lymphoid tissues.	using the avidin-biotin-labeled peroxidase complex (abc) method, the staining reaction of a panel of 12 biotin-labeled lectins was studied in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded reactive lymph nodes and tonsils. varying degrees of lectin binding were observed in lymphoid cells and macrophage-histiocytes with concanavalin ensiformis (con a), lens culinaris (lca), phaseolus vulgaris (pha), pisum sativum (psa), ricinus communis (rca), and triticum vulgaris (wga) agglutinins, but no evidence of bindin ...	1983	6827084
fast-growing rhizobium japonicum that effectively nodulates several commercial glycine max l. merrill cultivars.	several isolates of fast-growing rhizobium japonicum that nodulate the wild soybean glycine soja have been recently described (keyser et al., science 215:1631-1632, 1982). we demonstrate that one of these isolates, designated prc 440 or usda 191, has a wider host range than that previously reported and is able to nodulate several commercial glycine max cultivars as effectively as does slow-growing r. japonicum 61a76. electron microscopic examination revealed no obvious differences between strain ...	1984	16346594
mode of infection, nodulation specificity, and indigenous plasmids of 11 fast-growing rhizobium japonicum strains.	eleven fast-growing strains of rhizobium japonicum were characterized with respect to indigenous plasmids and abilities to infect (inf+) and nodulate (nod+) cowpea, siratro, wild soybean, and three commercial cultivars of soybean. all strains caused infection via infection threads in root hairs and consistently nodulated cowpea, siratro, and wild soybean in growth pouches. interactions with commercial cultivars of soybean were strikingly strain specific. some combinations were nod-, and infectio ...	1984	6542099
isolation and expression of rhizobium japonicum cloned dna encoding an early soybean nodulation function.	a first visible step in the nodulation of legumes by rhizobium spp. is the deformation and curling of root hairs. we have identified and cloned dna sequences encoding this function from two strains of rhizobium japonicum (usda 122 and usda 110) with a weakly homologous probe from rhizobium meliloti. root hair curling encoded by the cloned dna fragments was examined on soybeans (glycine soja ) after conjugative transfer of these sequences in broad-host-range vectors to various bacterial genera. p ...	1984	6327649
structure and chromosomal arrangement of leghemoglobin genes in kidney bean suggest divergence in soybean leghemoglobin gene loci following tetraploidization.	we have determined the structure of one of the leghemoglobin (lb) genes of phaseolus vulgaris (kidney bean) and deduced the chromosomal arrangement of leghemoglobin genes by genomic hybridizations with lb and two other sequences, each specific to the 5' or 3' region of the soybean leghemoglobin loci. by comparing this organization with two other species of legumes, glycine max (soybean) and g. soja (wild soybean), a phylogeny of leghemoglobin gene loci was traced. the intragenic structure of the ...	1984	16453577
discrepancies among published amino acid sequences of soybean leghemoglobins: experimental evidence against cultivar differences as the sources of the discrepancies.	despite discrepancies among charged amino acid residues in published amino acid sequences, isoelectric focusing experiments failed to detect varietal differences in soybean leghemoglobins a, c1, c2, or c3. leghemoglobins from 69 domesticated soybean (glycine max) cultivars and plant introductions and 18 wild soybean (glycine soja) plant introductions were compared; the sources included soybean cultivars used by research groups in obtaining amino acid sequences and most of the ancestors of north ...	1985	4083896
genotypic variability of soybean response to agrobacterium strains harboring the ti or ri plasmids.	twenty four diverse cultivars of soybean (glycine max [l.] merrill) and three lines of its annual wild progenitor glycine soja sieb and zucc. were tested for their response to agrobacterium strains harboring either the ti (tumor-inducing) plasmid (pti) from agrobacterium tumefaciens or the ri (root-inducing) plasmid (pri) from agrobacterium rhizogenes following uniform wounding and inoculation. based upon gall weight at 8 weeks postinfection, three g. max cultivars (biloxi, jupiter, and peking) ...	1985	16664035
evidence for plasmid- and chromosome-borne multiple nif genes in rhizobium fredii.	rhizobium fredii is a fast-growing rhizobium isolated from the primitive chinese soybean cultivar peking and from the wild soybean glycine soja. this rhizobium harbors nif genes on 150- to 200-megadalton plasmids. by passage on acridine orange plates, we obtained a mutant of r. fredii usda 206 cured of the 197-megadalton plasmid (usda 206c) which carries both nif and nod genes. this strain, however, has retained its symbiotic effectiveness. probing ecori digests of wild-type and cured plasmid dn ...	1985	2992376
uneventful administration of plasma products in a recipient with t-activated red cells.	a patient with t-polyagglutinable red cells and a severe coagulopathy provided an opportunity to observe the results of plasma transfusion in the face of t-activation. the patient was a 52-year-old navajo indian with a perforated gall bladder and related sepsis due to clostridium perfringens. the gall bladder was removed surgically. postoperatively, he had severe thrombocytopenia, and prolonged partial thromboplastin and prothrombin times. the patient's red cells were agglutinated by arachis hyp ...	1986	2869600
two indirect methods for detecting ureide synthesis by nodulated legumes.	two methods were developed for the detection of altered ureide metabolism in legume nodules. both techniques are based on the positive correlation between the presence of high xanthine dehydrogenase (ec 1.2.1.37) specific activity in nodules and the ability of those nodules to produce the ureides, allantoin and allantoic acid. in the first method, nodulated legumes are treated for 2 weeks with a soil drench of allopurinol. after allopurinol treatment, leaves of n(2)-fed, ureide-producing legumes ...	1986	16664857
screening of glycine max and glycine soja genotypes for multiple shoot formation at the cotyledonary node.	to identify genotypes which may give better plant regeneration responses in vitro, multiple shoots were induced from 155 glycine max and 13 glycine soja genotypes from maturity groups '000' to 'vii' on b5 medium supplemented with 1 or 5 μmol benzylaminopurine (bap). the average number of shoots formed show genotype specific and hormone concentration specific responses, with number of shoots ranging from 1 to 12 for different genotypes. the results were reproducible with different seed lots of th ...	1986	24247952
production, characterization, and applications of monoclonal antibodies reactive with soybean nodule xanthine dehydrogenase.	seven monoclonal antibodies were produced against soybean nodule xanthine dehydrogenase, an enzyme involved in ureide synthesis. specificity of the seven monoclonal antibodies for xanthine dehydrogenase was demonstrated by immunopurifying the enzyme to homogeneity from a crude nodule extract using antibodies immobilized to sepharose 4b beads. each monoclonal antibody was covalently bound to sepharose 4b beads for the preparation of immunoaffinity columns for each antibody. all seven antibodies w ...	1986	16664749
tx polyagglutination in three members of one family.	a case of acute haemolytic anaemia is described in a child. tx polyagglutination of his red cells was observed, but no direct association with the anaemia could be proved. polyagglutination was suspected because of irregularities in the ab0 blood grouping. confirmation of the cryptantigen tx was made when the patient's red cells were tested with lectins including arachis hypogaea, glycine soja, and vicia cretica. examination of family members showed tx polyagglutination on the red cells of 2 sib ...	1987	3116808
exposure of cryptantigens on erythrocytes in patients with breast cancer.	one hundred thirty-two patients with breast cancer were examined for exposure of cryptantigens on their erythrocytes (rbc) using a lectin panel consisting of arachis hypogaea and glycine soja. eight had exposed cryptantigens; of the eight, five were classified with additional lectins as t-polyagglutination type and three as th-polyagglutination. a control group of 300 healthy blood donors had no exposed cryptantigens on their rbc. these findings could not be correlated with the staging of the tu ...	1988	3365668
influence of glycine spp. on competitiveness of bradyrhizobium japonicum and rhizobium fredii.	the displacement of indigenous bradyrhizobium japonicum in soybean nodules with more effective strains offers the possibility of enhanced n(2) fixation in soybean (glycine max (l.) merr.). our objective was to determine whether the wild soybean (g. soja sieb. & zucc.) genotype pi 468397 would cause reduced competitiveness of important indigenous b. japonicum strains usda 31, 76, and 123 and thereby permit nodulation by rhizobium fredii, the fast-growing microsymbiont of soybean. in an initial ex ...	1988	16347589
haemoglobin m-hyde park associated with polyagglutinable red blood cells in a south african family.	twelve of 35 members tested in a large ethnically-mixed south african family were found to have both haemoglobin m type hyde park and persistent polyagglutinable red blood cells. the characteristics of the polyagglutination have not been recorded previously. the cells of affected family members were not agglutinated by arachis hypogea, dolichos biflorus or salvia sclarea, but were agglutinated weakly by salvia horminum and bsii (gsii) and reacted strongly with glycine soja and sophora japonica l ...	1988	3377987
electrophoretic study of alpha-d-galactosidases from seeds of glycine soja and vigna radiata possessing erythroagglutinating activity.	polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in an acidic buffer system was used to study the electrophoretic behaviour of two forms of alpha-d-galactosidase from seeds of soy bean (glycine soja) and mung bean (vigna radiata). the interaction of the enzymes with saccharides was monitored by affinity electrophoresis; for the preparation of affinity gels, water-soluble o-glycosyl polyacrylamide copolymers and polysaccharides were used. alpha-d-galactosidases from both sources interact with immobilized alpha ...	1988	2836454
the genomic relationship between glycine max (l.) merr. and g. soja sieb. and zucc. as revealed by pachytene chromosome analysis.	this study was conducted with the objective of determining the genomic relationship between cultivated soybean (glycine max) and wild soybean (g. soja) of the subgenus soja, genus glycine. observations on cross-ability rate, hybrid viability, meiotic chromosome pairing, and pollen fertility in f 1 hybrids of g. max × g. soja and reciprocals elucidated that both species hybridized readily and set mature putative hybrid pods, generated vigorous f1 plants, had a majority of sporocytes that showed 1 ...	1988	24232348
[nucleotide sequences encoding glycinin b4 polypeptide of the cultivated soybean glycine max and its presumed wild-type ancestor glycine soja in connection with the origin of cultivated soybean].	nucleotide sequences of cdnas encoding soybean glycinin b4 polypeptide were compared in three soybean cultivars and two plant introductions of wild soybean glycine soja. only two nucleotide substitutions were found in three cultivars g. max, as compared with g. max and g. soja having nucleotide sequences which contain four nucleotide substitutions. these data serve as additional evidence, at molecular level, indicating the origin of g. max from g. soja. on the other hand, the time period require ...	1989	2625198
an attempt to elucidate the origin of cultivated soybean via comparison of nucleotide sequences encoding glycinin b4 polypeptide of cultivated soybean, glycine max, and its presumed wild progenitor, glycine soja.	nucleotide sequences of cdnas encoding soybean glycinin b4 polypeptide were compared for three soybean cultivars and two introductions of wild soybean, g. soja. for three g. max cultivars, only two nucleotide substitutions were found, while g. max and g. soja nucleotide sequences had four substitutions. these data give added proof that g. max originated from g. soja. on the other hand, the time required for the accumulation of four nucleotide substitutions (calculated from the parameters of 11s ...	1989	24226018
characterization of a neuraminidase from corynebacterium aquaticum responsible for th polyagglutination.	th polyagglutinability is characterized by the agglutination of the red blood cells (rbc) by arachis hypogaea, medicago disciformis, vicia cretica but, in contrast to the t phenomenon, not by glycine max (glycine soja). because th transformation of rbc has been obtained in vitro, the mechanism of th polyagglutinability expression has been studied and reproduced experimentally. an enzyme with neuraminidase specificity has been isolated from the culture supernatant of corynebacterium aquaticum, an ...	1989	2617954
[lectin-binding properties of the neuroepithelium of the vomeronasal organ, olfactory epithelium proper and the septal organ of masera in mice (semithin section study)].	the apical border of the vomeronasal neuroepithelium, the olfactory epithelium proper, and the septal organ possess varying lectin-binding properties. this can be judged by their ability to bind a peculiar lectin and/or by their reactivity to the given lectin. the following lectins have been used: triticum vulgaris agglutinin (wga), ulex europeus agglutinin (uea-1), arachis hypogea agglutinin (pna), lymbus polyphenus agglutinin (lpa), glycine soja agglutinin (sba) and dolchos diflerus agglutinin ...	1989	2604560
plant regeneration of wildglycine species from suspension culture-derived protoplasts.	protoplasts isolated from four-week old cell suspension cultures ofglycine canescens f. j. herm andg. clandestina wendl. were cultured in 8p or modified 8p to a multicellular stage. colonies of 0.5 to 1.0 mm diameter were transferred to solid media for callus growth and regeneration. callus consisted of friable masses with compact green nodular areas. organogenesis of both species occurred primarily from the green nodular areas. shoot buds ofg. clandestina did not mature, but shoots ofg. canesce ...	1989	24232998
genetic analysis of soybean hard seededness with molecular markers.	hard seededness in soybean [glycine max (l.) merr.] is a quantitative trait that affects the germination rate, viability, and quality of stored seeds. we have used 72 restriction fragment length polymorphisms (rflps) to identify genomic regions containing quantitative trait loci (qtl) affecting hard seededness in a segregating population from a g. max by a glycine soja (sieb. & zucc.) cross. five independent rflp markers were found to be associated with variation in the hard-seeded trait. these ...	1990	24226449
rflp mapping in soybean: association between marker loci and variation in quantitative traits.	we have constructed a genetic map for soybean and identified associations between genetic markers and quantitative trait loci. one-hundred-fifty restriction fragment length polymorphisms (rflps) were used to identify genetic linkages in an f2 segregating population from an interspecific cross (glycine max x glycine soja). twenty-six genetic linkage groups containing ca. 1200 recombination units are reported. progeny-testing of f2-derived families allowed quantitative traits to be evaluated in re ...	1990	1979039
molecular cloning and expression in photosynthetic bacteria of a soybean cdna coding for phytoene desaturase, an enzyme of the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway.	carotenoids are orange, yellow, or red photo-protective pigments present in all plastids. the first carotenoid of the pathway is phytoene, a colorless compound that is converted into colored carotenoids through a series of desaturation reactions. genes coding for carotenoid desaturases have been cloned from microbes but not from plants. we report the cloning of a cdna for pds1, a soybean (glycine max) gene that, based on a complementation assay using the photosynthetic bacterium rhodobacter caps ...	1991	1862081
transformation by agrobacterium rhizogenes and regeneration of transgenic shoots of the wild soybean glycine argyrea.	glycine argyrea accession g1420 was evaluated for its response to inoculation with agrobacterium rhizogenes strains lba9402 and a4t, carrying wild type ri plasmids, and by strains r1601 and a4tiii with engineered plasmids. hypocotyls from young seedlings were the most responsive in producing roots at inoculation sites. root production was also dependent on bacterial concentration. excised, cultured roots produced green nodular callus which regenerated shoots on sc2 medium containing 1.1 mg l(-1) ...	1991	24221492
isolation and characterization of rhizobitoxine mutants of bradyrhizobium japonicum.	to explore the role of rhizobitoxine in bradyrhizobium-legume symbiosis, 11 rhizobitoxine mutants of b. japonicum usda61 were isolated on the basis of their inability to synthesize the toxin in culture. each mutant is prototrophic and symbiotically effective on soybean, cowpea, siratro, and glycine soja. the rhizobitoxine mutants differ in their chlorosis phenotypes and rhizobitoxine production in planta. as expected, one group of mutant fail to make toxin in planta, resulting in the absence of ...	1992	1317377
nucleotide sequence of the 5s rrna gene from glycine soja.		1992	1511128
genetic and chemical polymorphisms of saponins in soybean seed.	the variation in saponin composition in soybean seeds is explained by different combinations of five genes controlling the utilization of soyasapogenol glycosides as substrates. the function of these genes is variety-specific and organ-specific. phenotypes of over 1000 soybeans were classified into eight saponin types, and the frequency of phenotypes was different between the cultivated [glycine max (l.) merr.] and the wild soybean (g. soja sieb. & zucc.). the aabc saponin type predominated in g ...	1993	7764284
the structures and biological activities of the lipo-oligosaccharide nodulation signals produced by type i and ii strains of bradyrhizobium japonicum.	bradyrhizobium japonicum produces lipo-oligosaccharide signal molecules that induce deformation of root hairs and meristematic activity on soybeans. b. japonicum usda135 (a type i strain) produces modified chitin pentasaccharide molecules with either a terminal n-c16:0- or n-c18:1-glucosamine with and without an o-acetyl group at c-6 and with 2-o-methylfucose linked to c-6 of the reducing n-acetylglucosamine. an additional molecule has n-c16:1-glucosamine and no o-acetyl group. all of these mole ...	1993	8349712
direct end labelling of telomeres.	a novel approach of direct end labelling of telomeres is presented. chromosome-sized, agarose-embedded dna was treated with t4 dna polymerase to remove protruding 3' end of telomeres and to generate single-stranded 5' ends. the dna was then labelled by the same enzyme in the presence of [alpha-32p]dgtp and cold datp and dttp. labelled yeast chromosomes separated by pulsed field gel electrophoresis maintained their integrity. digestion of yeast chromosomes separated in pulsed field gels with a re ...	1993	8514152
kinetics of nodule development in glycine soja.	nodule development in the interaction of glycine soja sieb. & zucc. pi468.397 with bradyrhizobium japonicum usda110 was studied by hypochlorite clearing and methylene blue staining. even the earliest stages of nodule development could be observed. the entire length of the primary root was examined up to 15 d postinoculation. markedly curled root hairs and the first cell divisions in the hypodermal layer (stage i) were observed 2 d postinoculation, and by 3 d cell division activity had spread to ...	1993	12232007
bradyrhizobium elkanii lipo-oligosaccharide signals induce complete nodule structures on glycine soja siebold et zucc.		1994	7764873
genetic mapping and variability of seven soybean simple sequence repeat loci.	microsatellites or simple sequence repeats are stretches of short tandemly repeated dna sequence motifs, dispersed throughout the genomes of most eukaryotes. simple sequence repeat polymorphisms (ssrps) have recently been reported in plants. here we present the genetic map position of seven different soybean (glycine max (l.) merr. and glycine soja sieb. and zucc.) ssrps contained in sequenced genes, four of which represent newly mapped positions for these genes. the other three ssrps coincided ...	1994	8001811
inheritance of polymorphic markers generated by dna amplification fingerprinting and their use as genetic markers in soybean.	dna amplification fingerprinting (daf) using a high primer-to-template ratio and single, very short arbitrary primers, was used to generate amplified fragment length polymorphic markers (aflp) in soybean (glycine max (l.) merr.). the inheritance of aflps was studied using a cross between the ancestral glycine soja pi468.397 and glycine max (l.) merr. line nts382, f1 and f2 progeny. the amplification reaction was carried out with soybean genomic dna and 8 base long oligonucleotide primers. silver ...	1994	7948860
a major satellite dna of soybean is a 92-base pairs tandem repeat.	we report the cloning, sequencing and analysis of the major repetitive dna of soybean (glycine max). the repeat, sb92, was cloned as several monomers and trimers produced by digestion with xhoi. the deduced consensus sequence of the repeat is 92 base pairs long. genomic sequences do not fluctuate in length. their average homology to the consensus sequence is 92%. the consensus of sb92 contains slightly degenerated homologies for several 6-cutters. therefore, many of them generate a ladder of 92- ...	1995	24174019
microsatellite and amplified sequence length polymorphisms in cultivated and wild soybean.	the objectives of this study were to (i) assess the extent of genetic variation in soybean microsatellites (simple sequence repeats or ssrs), (ii) assay for amplified sequence length polymorphisms (aslps), and (iii) evaluate the usefulness of ssrs and aslps as genetic markers. five microsatellites detected a total of 79 variants (alleles) in a sample of 94 accessions of wild (glycine soja) and cultivated soybean (g. max). f2 segregation analysis of four of the five microsatellites identified the ...	1995	7672605
the glycinin a3b4 mrna from wild soybean glycine soja sieb. et zucc.		1995	7724684
bradyrhizobium liaoningense sp. nov., isolated from the root nodules of soybeans.	seventeen strains of extra-slowly growing (esg) soybean rhizobia isolated from root nodules of glycine soja and glycine max growing in five provinces (liaoning, heilongjiang, shanxi, hubei, and anhui) in the people's republic of china were compared with 48 reference strains belonging to the genera bradyrhizobium, rhizobium, and agrobacterium by performing a numerical analysis of 191 phenotypic features. our results showed that all of the esg strains examined clustered closely in the genus bradyr ...	1995	7547289
structural requirements of synthetic and natural product lipo-chitin oligosaccharides for induction of nodule primordia on glycine soja.	rhizobia synthesize a class of lipo-chitin oligosaccharides that induce root hair deformation and induce the initiation of nodule structures on legume roots. these lipo-chitin oligosaccharides are tetra- and penta-lipo-oligosaccharides of n-acetylglucosamine with an acyl substitution on the nonreducing end and are commonly known as nod factors. in this study, we demonstrate that synthetic analogs of natural product nod factors have the same biological activities. to determine structure-activity ...	1995	7659753
nodz of bradyrhizobium extends the nodulation host range of rhizobium by adding a fucosyl residue to nodulation signals.	the nodulation genes of rhizobia are involved in the production of the lipo-chitin oligosaccharides (lco), which are signal molecules required for nodule formation. a mutation in nodz of bradyrhizobium japonicum results in the synthesis of nodulation signals lacking the wild-type 2-o-methylfucose residue at the reducting-terminal n-acetylglucosamine. this phenotype is correlated with a defective nodulation of siratro (macroptilium atropurpureum). here we show that transfer of nodz to rhizobium l ...	1996	8858593
expression of the early nodulin, enod40, in soybean roots in response to various lipo-chitin signal molecules.	the lipo-chitin (lco) nodulation signal (nod signal) purified from bradyrhizobium japonicum induced nodule primordia on soybean (i.e. glycine soja) roots. these primordia were characterized by a bifurcated vascular connection, cortical cell division, and the accumulation of mrna of the early nodulin gene, enod40. a chemically synthesized lco identical in structure to the nod signal purified from b. japonicum cultures showed the same activity when inoculated on to soybean roots. surprisingly, syn ...	1996	8758977
cooperative action of lipo-chitin nodulation signals on the induction of the early nodulin, enod2, in soybean roots.	various lipo-chitin molecules were tested for their ability to induce the expression of the early nodulin, enod2, in glycine soja roots. when inoculated separately onto g. soja roots, lco-v (c18:1 delta 11,mefuc), lco-v (c18:1 delta 9,mefuc), lco-v (c16:0,mefuc), and lco-iv (c16:0) were unable to induce enod2 expression, even though these compounds had previously been shown to induce root hair curling, the formation of nodule-like primordia, and induction of the early nodulin, enod40. enod2 expr ...	1996	8810072
5s rrna genes in tribe phaseoleae: array size, number, and dynamics.	the organization of 5s rrna genes in plants belonging to tribe phaseoleae was investigated by clamped homogeneous electric field gel electrophoresis and southern blot hybridization. representatives of subtribe glycininae included the diploid species neonotonia wightii and teramnus labialis, as well as three soybean accessions: an elite glycine max (l.) merr. cultivar (bsr101), an unadapted g. max introduction (pi 437.654), and a wild glycine soja (pi 468.916). a cultivar of phaseolus vulgaris (k ...	1996	18469906
use of field observations to characterise genotypic flowering responses to photoperiod and temperature: a soyabean exemplar.	thirty-nine accessions of soyabean [glycine max (l.) merrill] and 1 of wild annual soyabean (glycine soja l.) were sown at two sites in taiwan in 1989 and 1990 and on six occasions during 1990 at one site in queensland, australia. on two of the occasions in australia additional treatments extended natural daylengths by 0.5 h and 2 h. the number of days from sowing for the first flower to appear on 50% of the plants in each treatment was recorded (f), and from these values the rate of progress to ...	1996	24162343
amplified fragment length polymorphism (aflp) in soybean: species diversity, inheritance, and near-isogenic line analysis.	amplified fragment length polymorphism (aflp) analysis is a pcr-based technique capable of detecting more than 50 independent loci in a single pcr reaction. the objectives of the present study were to: (1) assess the extent of aflp variation in cultivated (gycine max l. merr.) and wild soybean (g. soja siebold & zucc.), (2) determine genetic relationships among soybean accessions using aflp data, and (3) evaluate the usefulness of aflps as genetic markers. fifteen aflp primer pairs detected a to ...	1996	24162296
phylogenetic and genomic relationships in the genus glycine willd. based on sequences from the its region of nuclear rdna.	phylogenetic relationships among all 18 species of the genus glycine were inferred from nucleotide sequence variation in the internal transcribed spacer (its) region of nuclear ribosomal dna. pairwise sequence divergence values ranged from 0.2% (a single nucleotide) between glycine max and glycine soja to 8.6% between glycine hirticaulis and glycine falcata. the length of the its1 and its2 sequences ranged from 215 to 238 nucleotides and from 205 to 222 nucleotides, respectively, and that of 5.8 ...	1997	9061914
the nuclear ribosomal dna intergenic spacers of wild and cultivated soybean have low variation and cryptic subrepeats.	the intergenic ribosomal dna spacers (igss) from cultivated soybean (glycine max) and wild soybean (glycine soja) were sequenced and compared with six other legumes. these igs sequences were 1821 bp in length in g. soja and g. max cultivars arksoy, ransom, and tokyo, and 1823 bp long in the g. max cultivar columbus. these represent the smallest published plant igs sequences to data. two clones from each of the above five cultivars were sequenced and only 22 sites (1.2%) were polymorphic, thereby ...	1998	9644827
phylogenetic relationships of the mitochondrial genomes in the genus glycine subgenus soja.	restriction fragment length polymorphisms (rflps) of mitochondrial dna (mtdna) of wild and cultivated soybeans were analyzed to study their phylogenetic relationships. the observed number of differences in hybridization profiles greatly varied (1-17 patterns) with both the mtdna probes and the restriction enzymes that were used. a cladistic analysis was conducted based on the rflp data. in the parsimonious tree, four distinct groups appeared among 20 accessions of the subgenus soja representing ...	1998	9880923
ultradian movements of shoots of two species of soybeans glycine soja (sieb. and zucc.) and glycine max (l.) merr.	circumnutation movements of shoot tips of two species of soybean were studied. shoot tips of glycine soja (sieb. and zucc.) moved in a counterclockwise direction with a mean period (+/- sd) of 108 +/- 9 minutes when the shoots were not handled prior to monitoring (n = 17). effects of mechanical stress or stimulation (thigmomorphogenesis) resulted in the lengthening of the mean period by 15% when shoot lengths were measured (handled) prior to monitoring movements (124 +/- 18 minutes, n = 49) or h ...	1998	9493709
small interspersed sequences that serve as recombination sites at the cox2 and atp6 loci in the mitochondrial genome of soybean are widely distributed in higher plants.	mitochondrial dna (mtdna) fragments that contain cox2 and atp6 were cloned from a wild soybean (glycine soja, accession 'b09002') and from a cultivated soybean (g. max, 'harosoy'). comparison of these dnas revealed that two sets of repeated sequences, namely, 299 bp and 23 bp, were present in the 5' regions of cox2 and atp6. the 299-bp and 23-bp repeats were present close to each other on the 5' flanking region and the 5' part of the coding region of cox2 in both 'harosoy' and 'b09002', as well ...	1998	9508793
evolutionary changes in the structures of the cox2 and atp6 loci in the mitochondrial genome of soybean involving recombination across small interspersed sequences.	mitochondrial dna (mtdna) fragments that contained cox2 or atp6 loci were cloned from three accessions of wild soybean (glycine soja) in order to understand the evolutionary changes of mitochondrial genomes in the genus glycine subgenus soja. cox2 was cloned as a single configuration, while atp6 was cloned as either one or two configurations from each accession. structural variations were detected in the 5' upstream region of cox2 and in both the 5' upstream and 3' downstream regions of atp6. th ...	1998	9799364
study of the refirming effect of a plant complex.	loss of skin elasticity is one of the main problems of ageing. this is a mechanical property influenced by elastin, a protein in the dermis which, together with collagen and glycosaminoglycans, makes up the connective tissue. this tissue is affected by a large number of events (such as cutaneous ageing, pregnancy, slimming processes and cellulitis) which eventually cause it to change. at the same time, the metabolism of the proteins of the connective tissue decreases and there is an ever greater ...	1998	18505506
aberrant nodulation response of vigna umbellata to a bradyrhizobium japonicum nodz mutant and nodulation signals.	the (brady)rhizobium nodulation gene products synthesize lipo-chitin oligosaccharide (lco) signal molecules that induce nodule primordia on legume roots. in spot inoculation assays with roots of vigna umbellata, bradyrhizobium elkanii lco and chemically synthesized lco induced aberrant nodule structures, similar to the activity of these lcos on glycine soja (soybean). lcos containing a pentameric chitin backbone and a reducing-end 2-o-methyl fucosyl moiety were active on v. umbellata. in contras ...	1999	10494629
differential expression of two soybean apyrases, one of which is an early nodulin.	two cdna clones were isolated from soybean (glycine soja) by polymerase chain reaction with primers designed to conserved motifs found in apyrases (nucleotide phosphohydrolase). the two cdnas are predicted to encode for two, distinct, apyrase proteins of approximately 50 kda (i.e., gs50) and 52 kda (i.e., gs52). phylogenetic analysis indicated that gs52 is orthologous to a family of apyrases recently suggested to play a role in legume nodulation. gs50 is paralogous to this family and, therefore, ...	2000	11043467
[segregation distortion of molecular markers in recombinant inbred populations in soybean (g. max)].	the segregation distortion of 238 molecular markers in a rils population from cultivated/semi-wild soybean cross was analysed. 29.4% of the loci were found with segregation distortion, and direction of deviation was mainly towards cultivated variety changnong 4. rapd markers have a higher distortion rate than other molecular markers.	2000	11192432
rbc t activation and hemolysis in a neonatal intensive care population: implications for transfusion practice.	reports of transfusion-associated hemolysis in infants with t-activated rbcs have led to the suggestion that infants should be screened and provided with low-titer anti-t blood components. t-activated rbcs react with the lectins arachis hypogea and glycine soja; variants of t (th and tx) and tk also react with a. hypogea, but not g. soja. although tk is not a true variant of t, for the purposes of this study, all rbcs that are reactive with a. hypogea but are not reactive with g. soja are called ...	2002	12421215
purification and characterization of proteinase inhibitors from wild soja (glycine soja) seeds.	nine proteinase inhibitors, i-viia, viib, and viii, were isolated from wild soja seeds by ammonium sulfate fractionation and successive chromatographies on sp-toyopearl 650m, sephacryl s-200sf, and deae-toyopearl 650s columns. reverse-phase hplc finally gave pure inhibitors. all of the inhibitors inhibited trypsin with dissociation constants of 3.2-6.2 x 10(-9) m. some of the inhibitors inhibited chymotrypsin and elastase as well. two inhibitors (viib and viii) with a molecular weight of 20,000 ...	2002	12400689
diversity of chloroplast dna ssrs in wild and cultivated soybeans: evidence for multiple origins of cultivated soybean.	soybean [ glycine max (l.) merr.] is one of the major crops in the world and was domesticated from a wild progenitor, glycine soja sieb. & zucc., in east asia. in order to address the questions concerning the evolution and maternal lineage of soybean, we surveyed the variation in chloroplast dna simple sequence repeats (cpssr) of 326 wild and cultivated soybean accessions that were collected from various asian countries. twenty-three variants were detected at six cpssrs in the accessions tested. ...	2002	12582476
sire1, an endogenous retrovirus family from glycine max, is highly homogeneous and evolutionarily young.	sire1 is unusual among ty1-copia retrotransposons in that it has an additional open reading frame with structural features similar to retroviral envelope proteins between pol and the 3' ltr. here we report the characterization and comparison of eight different sire1 elements derived from a soybean genomic library, as well as sire1 reverse transcriptases from glycine soja. the dna sequences of the eight sire1 elements are highly homogeneous and share greater than 95% nucleotide identity. partial ...	2003	12777503
assignment of molecular linkage groups to soybean chromosomes by primary trisomics.	gene-linkage groups (classical linkage groups, clgs; molecular linkage groups, mlgs) and chromosome relationship in soybean [ glycine max (l.) merr., 2n = 40] is not yet established. however, primary trisomics provide an invaluable cytogenetic tool to associate genes and linkage groups to specific chromosomes. we have assigned 11 mlgs to soybean chromosomes by using primary trisomics (2 x + 1 = 41) and ssr markers. primary trisomics were hybridized with glycine soja sieb. and zucc. (2n = 40) in ...	2003	12783169
introgression of a quantitative trait locus for yield from glycine soja into commercial soybean cultivars.	the value of exotic germplasm in broadening the genetic base of most crops has been demonstrated many times. however, the difficulties involved in working with exotic germplasm have limited their utility in plant breeding. unwanted linkages often thwart the successful incorporation of beneficial exotic genes into commercial lines. thus, the use of exotics in traditional breeding makes the process of crop improvement a tedious, time-consuming and expensive endeavor. the availability of molecular ...	2003	12595984
[salt tolerance of wild soybeans in jiangsu and its relation with ionic distribution and selective transportation].	the salt tolerance of 3 wild soybean (glycine soja) populations was compared with their relative germination and seedling emergence. the results showed that the salt tolerance of jiangsu wild soybean (jws) was the strongest. under nacl stress, the dry matter accumulation in wild soybean seedlings decreased, root/shoot ratio increased, and these effects were greater in n23232 (salt-sensitive) than in jws (salt-tolerant). determinations on the ion contents in different organs indicated that the na ...	2003	15031924
gmpap3, a novel purple acid phosphatase-like gene in soybean induced by nacl stress but not phosphorus deficiency.	purple acid phosphatases (paps) are commonly found in plants, but the physiological functions of different classes of paps are not thoroughly understood. in the present study, we identified a novel gene, gmpap3, from salt-stressed soybean using suppression subtractive hybridization (ssh) techniques. protein sequence alignment studies and phylogenetic analysis strongly suggested that gmpap3 belongs to the group of plant paps and pap-like proteins that are distinct from those of fungi and animals. ...	2003	14585503
adaptation of cucumber mosaic virus soybean strains (ssvs) to cultivated and wild soybeans.	cucumber mosaic virus soybean strains formerly called soybean stunt virus (ssv) were inoculated onto 23 wild soybeans collected from four asian countries to investigate their infectivity in order to improve understanding of the co-evolution of ssvs and soybean. ssv inoculation resulted in systemic infection in most of the wild soybeans used. however, an ssv strain (ssv-in), which was isolated in indonesia, did not result in systemic infection of many of the wild soybeans distributed in southern ...	2003	12835932
[effect of sinorhizobium fredii yc4 symbiotic plasmid amplification on nod factors and symbiotic n-fixation].	sinorhizobium fredii yc4 can form nitrogen-fixing nodules on soybean (glycine max) and wild soybean (g. soja). it can produce unique lipochitooligosaccharide nod factors (lcos), in comparison with the other four strains of s. fredii. the constitution of lcos produced by yc4 contained more hydrophobic substitutions detected by thin-layer chromatography (tlc) of 14c-labeled nod factors. a spontaneous mutant termed ysc3 amplified in the symbiotic plasmid was isolated from yc4, which can produce mor ...	2003	14733011
purification of glysojanin, an antifungal protein, from the black soybean glycine soja.	a monomeric protein, with a molecular mass of 25 kda and an n-terminal sequence resembling a segment of chitin synthase, was isolated from the seeds of the black soybean glycine soja. the protein, designated glysojanin, demonstrated potent antifungal activity against the fungi fusarium oxysporum and mycosphaerella arachidicola. it inhibited hiv-1 reverse transcriptase with an ic50 of 47 micromol/l, [methyl-3h]thymidine incorporation by mouse spleen cells with an ic50 of 175 micromol/l, and trans ...	2003	14663505
[assessment of genetic diversity of wild soybean (glycine soja siebold et zucc.) in the far eastern region of russia].	polymorphism of rapd markers was analyzed in the wild soybean populations from the far east region of russia. the level of rapd marker polymorphism was significantly higher in the wild than in the cultivated soybean. the results obtained suggest active development of genetically different groups of wild soybean. geographically isolated subpopulations showed maximum distance from the main population of wild soybean.	2004	15065430
resistance of glycine species and various cultivated legumes to the soybean aphid (homoptera: aphididae).	the soybean aphid, aphis glycines matsumura, is a new pest of soybean, glycine max (l.) merr., in north america. it has become widespread on soybean in north america since it was first identified in the midwest in 2000. species of rhamnus l. (buckthorn) are the primary hosts of a. glycines, and soybean is known as a secondary host. there is limited information about the secondary host range of a. glycines. aphid colonization on various legume hosts was compared in choice experiments. aphid colon ...	2004	15279293
computational identification and characterization of novel genes from legumes.	the fabaceae, the third largest family of plants and the source of many crops, has been the target of many genomic studies. currently, only the grasses surpass the legumes for the number of publicly available expressed sequence tags (ests). the quantity of sequences from diverse plants enables the use of computational approaches to identify novel genes in specific taxa. we used blast algorithms to compare unigene sets from medicago truncatula, lotus japonicus, and soybean (glycine max and glycin ...	2004	15266052
identification of putative qtl that underlie yield in interspecific soybean backcross populations.	glycine soja, the wild progenitor of soybean, is a potential source of useful genetic variation in soybean improvement. the objective of our study was to map quantitative trait loci (qtl) from g. soja that could improve the crop. five populations of bc(2)f(4)-derived lines were developed using the glycine max cultivar ia2008 as a recurrent parent and the g. soja plant introduction (pi) 468916 as a donor parent. there were between 57 and 112 bc(2)f(4)-derived lines in each population and a total ...	2004	14504749
multigene family for bowman-birk type proteinase inhibitors of wild soja and soybean: the presence of two bbi-a genes and pseudogenes.	genes for bowman-birk type protease inhibitors (bbis) of wild soja (glycine soja) and soybean (glycine max) comprise a multigene family. the organization of the genes for wild soja bbis (wbbis) was elucidated by an analysis of their cdnas and the corresponding genomic sequences, and compared with the counterparts in the soybean. the cdnas encoding three types of wild soja bbis (wbbi-a, -c, and -d) were cloned. two subtypes of cdnas for wbbi-a, designated wbbi-a1 and -a2, were further identified. ...	2004	15215592
[changes of polyamines level in glycine soja and glycine max seedlings under nacl stress].	with internationally common-used glycine max (the salt-tolerant lee68) and glycine soja (the salt-sensitive n23232) as reference, this paper studied the polyamines (pas) contents and polyamine oxidase (pao) activities in the highly salt-tolerant bb52 (glycine soja) seedlings, which showed that under 150mmol x l(-1) nacl stress for 2d, the decrease of put and spd contents was more significant, but that of spd content was less significant in roots of bb52 than in those of lee68 and n23232. for lea ...	2004	15506103
genetic characterization of a novel tib-derived variant of soybean kunitz trypsin inhibitor detected in wild soybean (glycine soja).	a novel variant of soybean kunitz trypsin inhibitor (skti) was detected in 530 lines of wild soybean (glycine soja). this variant showed an intermediate electrophoretic mobility between the tia and tic types. in isoelectric focusing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis gels containing urea, this variant had a similar isoelectric point as that of tia. the genetic analysis of skti bands in f2 seeds from crosses of the new variant type with tia or tic type showed that this variant type is controlled ...	2004	15060597
a case of polyagglutination with features of th and tk activation associated with an acquired b antigen.	a case is reported of polyagglutination with features of both tk and th activation associated with an acquired b antigen. reactions with polybrene, glycine soja, and bandeiraea simplicifolia ii indicated the presence of tk activation. however, the reactivity of the patient's erythrocytes with arachis hypogoea was greatly reduced by treatment with ficin, indicating the concomitant presence of th activation.	2004	6829061
differential sensitivity to chloride and sodium ions in seedlings of glycine max and g. soja under nacl stress.	high na+ and cl- concentrations in soil cause hyperionic and hyperosmotic stress effects, the consequence of which can be plant demise. ion-specific stress effects of na+ and cl- on seedlings of cultivated (glycine max (l.) merr) and wild soybean (glycine soja sieb. et zucc.) were evaluated and compared in isoosmotic solutions of cl-, na+ and nacl. results showed that under nacl stress, cl- was more toxic than na+ to seedlings of g. max. injury of six g. max cultivars, including 'jackson' (salt ...	2005	16173461