Publications

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observations on bacillus coagulans. 193216559554
vitamin requirements of bacillus coagulans. 194916561754
vitamin requirements of bacillus coagulans. 194918151941
the physiological characters of bacillus coagulans (bacillus thermoacidurans). 195015436446
[hematin pigments of bacillus coagulans cultivated aerobically and anaerobically]. 195313105675
the effect of certain sporulation conditions on the thermal death rate of bacillus coagulans var. thermoacidurans. 195613286224
the effect of sporulation temperature on the thermal resistance of bacillus coagulans var. thermoacidurans. 195613286225
sporulation requirements of bacillus coagulans var. thermoacidurans in complex media. 195613345772
observations on the nutritional requirements of bacillus coagulans. 195713437214
the nonlogarithmic rate of thermal destruction of spores of bacillus coagulans. 195713459313
effect of divalent cations in the sporulation medium on the thermal death rate of bacillus coagulans var. thermoacidurans. 195713480998
the asparagine deamidase of bacillus coagulans and bacillus stearothermophilus. 195713489550
[studies on the stimulating action of suspensions of bacillus coagulans, bacillus polymyxa & bacillus subtilis administered orally for deficiency of normal children from 3 to 5 years of age]. 195813658565
folic acid requirement of bacillus coagulans. 195913849302
effect of subtilin and nisin on the spores of bacillus coagulans. 195913664658
illegitimate combinations, bacillus cereus var. terminalis and bacillus coagulans var. thermoacidurans. 195913664666
[treatment of iron-deficiency hypochromic anemia with bacillus cereus & bacillus coagulans in patients with enterocolitis]. 195913668151
role of the glycolytic enzyme system in the germination of spores of bacillus coagulans var. thermoacidurans. 195913793068
nisin sensitivity of bacillus coagulans. 195913807284
the effect of oidium lactis on the sporulation of bacillus coagulans in tomato juice.oidium lactis can raise the ph of tomato juice in thin layers to a ph range optimum for sporulation of bacillus coagulans in 24 hr at 25 c and in 48 hr at 35 c. the percentage of sporulation of b. coagulans was greater in tomato juice where o. lactis had grown than in the thermoacidurans broth. as high as 61.7% sporulation occurs within 24 hr in the tomato juice in which oidium lactis had grown when this juice was incubated at 52 c. when tomato juice was adjusted to ph 5.0 and b. coagulans or a ...196213892778
formation and structure of the spore of bacillus coagulans.spore formation in bacillus coagulans has been studied by electron microscopy using an epoxy resin (araldite) embedding technique. the developmental stages from the origin of the initial spore septum to the mature spore were investigated. the two forespore membranes developed from the double layer of cytoplasmic membrane. the cortex was progressively deposited between these two membranes. the inner membrane finally became the spore protoplasmic membrane, and the outer membrane part of the inner ...196214481435
location and composition of spore mucopeptide in bacillus species.spore integuments of bacillus coagulans were prepared containing nearly all the hexosamine and alpha, epsilon-diaminopimelic acid (dap) present in intact spores. subsequent autolytic action resulted in the destruction and removal of the residual cortical structure and "cortical membrane" leaving the appearance of the inner and outer spore coats unchanged in electron micrographs. concurrently, all the hexosamine and dap in the preparation was released mainly as non-diffusible mucopeptide containi ...196313999017
some biological and physical factors in dry heat sterilization: a general review.there is a surprising lack of quantitative data on sterilization by dry heat so that microbiologists have little knowledge of the role played by various biological and physical factors in this sterilizing process. a recent investigation by the author has shown that the aerobic mesophilic bacterial sporeformers, such as bacillus subtilis and bacillus coagulans, are the most resistant among several species of sporeforming bacteria to dry heat sterilization. the type of carrier on which the spores ...196411883444
composition of mucopeptide from the spores of bacillus coagulans. 19655862221
lipase and acetyl esterase activities in intact bacillus coagulans spores. 19665919273
a novel teichoic acid-like polymer from the cell walls of bacillus coagulans nrs t2007. 19664291346
temperature-dependent anomalies in the growth of microorganims.davey, c. b. (north carolina state university, raleigh), raymond j. miller, and larry a. nelson. temperature-dependent anomalies in the growth of microorganisms. j. bacteriol. 91:1827-1830. 1966.-water in the liquid phase (0 to 100 c) has been shown, by others, to undergo subtle changes in its physical structure at approximately 15, 30, 45, and 60 c. it has been suggested that these temperature-dependent anomalies in the structure of water may have biological implications. after incubation in a ...19664957023
growth of bacillus coagulans in chemically defined media.a nutritional study was made of five strains of bacillus coagulans obtained from various culture collections. these five strains were descendants of two original isolates; three had been derived from one parent culture in years past and the other two were transfers from another parent culture. therefore, the five cultures should have represented two distinct groups of genetically identical cultures. three of the strains obtained from one culture collection had become methyl red-negative and sorb ...19676035259
factors influencing the extent of germination of bacillus coagulans spore populations. 19685729614
[fine structure of the cytoplasmic membrane of bacillus stearothermophilus and bacillus coagulans]. 19685745587
[fine structure of the mesosomes in bacillus stearothermophilus and bacillus coagulans]. 19695398304
sucrose and lactose degradation by thermophilic bacillus coagulans. 19695357372
[ribosomes of different location in the thermophilic microorganism bacillus coagulans]. 19695396587
[protein biosynthesis in subcellular structures of the thermophilic microorganism bacillus coagulans]. 19705511760
[flagellar apparatus in bacillus stearothermophilus and bacillus coagulans]. 19705469673
[nucleic acids of the thermophilic microorganism bacillus coagulans grown at different temperatures]. 19705498660
purification and properties of bacillus coagulans l-asparaginase. 19715171719
extracellular nuclease in the genus lactobacillus.several species and strains of lactobicilli, bacillus coagulans, and sporolactobacillus inulinus produced detectable amounts of extracellular nuclease which hydrolyzed ribonucleic acid and deoxyribonucleic acid.19714330742
[influence of ph on the synthesis of oxidase (cytochrome a3) in bacillus coagulans, a thermophilic microorganism capable of "respiratory adaptation"]. 19734360254
differential heat stabilities of bacillus amylase.seventeen cultures representing eight strains of bacillus coagulans and twelve cultures representing eight strains of bacillus stearothermophilus did not yield a culture that would produce amylase at both 37 and 55 c.19734688668
[action of actinomycin d on the synthesis of rapidly metabolizable rna in the thermophilic microorganism bacillus coagulans]. 19734782417
effect of temperature on the growth and cell wall chemistry of a facultative thermophilic bacillus.the morphology and cell wall composition of bacillus coagulans, a facultative thermophile, were examined as a function of growth temperature. the morphology of the organism varied when it was grown at different temperatures; at 37 c the organism grew as individual cells which increased in length with increasing growth temperature. at 55 c it grew in long chains of cells. cell wall prepared from cells grown at 37 c contained 44% teichoic acid by weight, whereas cells grown at 55 c contained 29% t ...19744129996
homologous and hybrid complexes of anthranilate synthase from bacillus species.the subunits of anthranilate synthase were separated and partially purified by sephadex g-100 gel filtration from the following six species of bacillus: bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus alvei, bacillus coagulans, bacillus pumilus, and bacillus mascerans. our data suggest that the enzyme from b. alvei is unique among these species. first, the anthranilate synthase complexes are readily dissociated during gel filtration in the absence of glutamine into a large component (aminotr ...19744407252
widespread occurrence of acidophilic strains of bacillus coagulans in hot springs. 19744846737
[microorganisms in gums. iv. microbial degradation of plant exudates and seaweed extracts (author's transl)].the three plant exudates gum traganth, gum arabic, and gum karaya and the two seaweed extracts carrageenan and alginate were degraded by five different bacilli which were isolated from these gums: bacillus coagulans, b. lentus, b. cereus, b. licheniformis, and b. firmus. after 14 days all the gums have been degraded by these bacilli to a different extent after addition of trace elements. the fractions of degraded gums by tlc, glc, and ir-spectroscopy have been examined with the following results ...1975817530
effect of culture media ph on phospholipid content of bacillus coagulans membranes. 19754155
production of extracellular lysine by a strain of bacillus coagulans. identification and requirements for growth and lysine accumulation.a naturally deficient thiamine and methionine requiring strain of bacillus coagulans (ms 5) accumulates lysine in medium only when exogenous pyridoxine (optimal concentration, 0.1 mu g/ml) are supplied. threonine exerts an inhibitory effect at higher concentrations but pyridoxine does not.19751116800
study of the mechanism of the effect of extracellular ph on the synthesis of the oxidative complex (cytochrome a+a3) of bacillus coagulans: relationship to the "glucose effect" and role of excreted coproporphyrin iii (author's transl).during the "respiratory adaptation" of bacillus coagulans, it was possible to dissociate the kinetics of cytochrome a and a3 synthesis with carbon monoxide. the synthesis of cytochrome a3 is preferentially repressed when the ph of the incubation medium is ph 6.5 instead of ph 5.5. however, though the total synthesis of tetrapyrrole compounds is the same at both ph values, the excretion of coproporphyrin iii is much increased at ph 6.5. bacillus coagulans, sensitive to the "glucose effect", shows ...19764100
purification and characterization of thermolabile glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase from the facultative thermophile bacillus coagulans ku. 1977911794
[microbial etiology of subclinical bovine mastitis in the santa fe dairy basin].a study of 320 samples of mammary quarters from cows in 40 dairy farms around santa fe city during 1977-1978 was made. the samples were selected based on clinical examination and california mastitis test (gmt). high percentage of subclinical mastitis was found. the etiological agents most frequently isolated were staphylococcus aureus (54,1%), streptococcus agalactiae (23.4%) and pseudomonas aeruginosa (13,2%). a winter increment of s. aureus (48,1%) and p. aeruginosa (3,7% and 22,5%) was observ ...1979122386
the solubilisation of the membrane-bound d-alanyl-d-alanine carboxypeptidase of bacillus coagulans ncib 9365.protoplast membranes and the particulate d,d-carboxypeptidase of bacillus coagulans ncib 9365 were extremely resistant to disruption by either detergents or urea. a combination of urea and the non-ionic detergent genapol x-100 was required to achieve a significant solubilisation of membrane protein and d,d-carboxypeptidase in an active form; the ph optimum for this treatment was ph 7.5. solubilisation of the enzyme was accompanied by a two-fold enhancement of activity. kinetic results indicated ...197939605
new strains of bacillus licheniformis and bacillus coagulans producing thermostable alpha-amylase active at alkaline ph. 19806154683
purification and properties of the d-alanyl-d-alanine carboxypeptidase of bacillus coagulans ncib 9365.after solubilisation with urea and the non-ionic detergent genapol x-100, the membrane-bound dd-carboxypeptidase (udp-n-acetylmuramoyl-tetrapeptidyl-d-alanine alanine-hydrolase, ec 3.4.12.6) of bacillus coagulans ncib 9365 was purified to homogeneity, as verified by sodium dodecyl sulphate gel electrophoresis, by chromatography with an ampicillin-agarose affinity resin and deae-cellulose. the properties of the purified dd-carboxypeptidase were similar to those of the membrane-bound enzyme; these ...19807362828
[a case suspected to be the bacteremia due to opportunistic infection by bacillus coagulans, which was difficult to identify, at the time of isolation (author's transl)]. 19807373891
scanning electron probe x-ray microanalysis of elemental distributions in freeze-dried cryosections of bacillus coagulans spores.high-resolution scanning electron probe x-ray microanalysis had been employed to examine elemental distributions in freeze-dried cryosections of bacillus coagulans spores. calcium, manganese, and phosphorus were concentrated in the protoplast and the coat. iron was found in the coat but not in the protoplast, whereas the silicon seen on the coat of other spore species was absent. sulfur was present in the coat, but was distributed over a broader area than the other elements, which suggested that ...19817263617
sequence homology in the amino-terminal and active-site regions of thermolabile glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase from a thermophile.the unusual thermolability of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase from the facultative thermophile bacillus coagulans ku (crabb et al., biochemistry 16:4840-4847, 1977) has provided the first opportunity to study a homologous enzyme from the same genus that exhibits a marked difference in thermostability. in pursuit of the structural bases for the thermostability of proteins, the sequences of the amino terminus (residues 1 through 27) and the active-site cysteine cyanogen bromide peptide (r ...19817462149
purification and characterization of beta-galactosidase from a strain of bacillus coagulans.beta-galactosidase from b. coagulans strain l4 is produced constitutively, has a mol. wt. of 4.3 x 10(5) and an optimal temperature of 55 degrees c. the optimal ph at 30 degrees c is 6.0 whereas at 55 degrees c it is 6.5. the energy of activation of enzyme activity is 41.9 kj/mol (10 kcal/mol). no cations are required. the km with onpg as substrate is 4.2-5.6 mm and with lactose is 50 mm. the ki for inhibition by galactose is 11.7-13.4 mm and for dextrose is 50 mm. galactose inhibited competitiv ...19816787981
bacillus coagulans, frr b666, as a potential biological indicator organism. 19817241289
preliminary crystallographic data for glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase from the thermophile bacillus coagulans. 19827120408
presumed autoclave failure due to false-positive spore strip tests.the sterilizing processes in autoclaves and ethylene oxide sterilizers are challenged on a regular basis with a controlled inoculum of spores from two bacillus species. within a two-day period in march 1980, the seven autoclaves at this 550-bed hospital appeared to have failed in their function of killing spores on 18 out of 46 test strips. a shut-down of the autoclaves and a massive investigation failed to identify any mechanical, physical, or human failures. however, after 48 hours, it was fou ...19826922834
cloning and expression of a bacillus coagulans amylase gene in escherichia coli.a partial ecori fragment of bacillus coagulans dna cloned in an escherichia coli k12 bacteriophage lambda host-vector system was shown to direct the synthesis of a thermostable alpha-amylase whose activity could be detected in situ on petri plates using the iodine staining method. a 3.31 kb ecori fragment containing the active gene with its own promoter was subcloned in pbr322; in the new clone, called pamy2, the amylase was shown to accumulate in the periplasmic space. the molecular weight of t ...19826182447
molecular symmetry of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase from bacillus coagulans.the thermolabile glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase from the facultative thermophile bacillus coagulans has a crystallographically exact 2-fold rotation axis of symmetry in one of its orthorhombic crystal forms (lee et al., 1982). using various crystallographic techniques, we have now identified this axis to be the molecular r-axis, which is the symmetry axis that relates the two subunits that form each active site of the tetrameric enzyme. this is in contrast to the symmetry of the human ...19836631958
structural and biosynthetic studies on linkage region between poly(galactosylglycerol phosphate) and peptidoglycan in bacillus coagulans.the hf treatment of teichoic acid-glycopeptide complexes isolated from lysozyme digests of bacillus coagulans ahu 1366 cell walls gave a disaccharide, glucosyl beta (1 leads to 4)n-acetylglucosamine, along with dephosphorylated repeating units of the teichoic acid chain, galactosyl alpha (1 leads to 2) glycerol. mild alkali treatment of the complexes yielded the disaccharide linked to glycopeptide, whereas direct heating of the cell walls at ph 2.5 yielded the same disaccharide linked to teichoi ...19836830596
aerobic mesophilic and psychrotrophic sporeforming bacteria in buffalo milk.seasonal variation of the population of aerobic sporeformers in raw milk was higher in summer than in other seasons. least variation was in fall, but variation in winter and spring was similar. aerobic mesophilic sporeformers in raw milk consisted mainly of bacillus subtilis (42.5%) and bacillus megaterium (34.8%), followed by bacillus circulans (4.9%), bacillus cereus (4.6%), bacillus pumilus (2.9%), bacillus polymyxa (2.8%), bacillus licheniformis (1.9%), bacillus badius (1.5%), bacillus brevi ...19836886164
growth defects of escherichia coli cells which contain the gene of an alpha-amylase from bacillus coagulans on a multicopy plasmid.an alpha-amylase gene from bacillus coagulans has previously been cloned in escherichia coli and shown to direct the synthesis of an enzymically active protein of 60,000 dal (cornelis et al., 1982). in one particular e. coli host, strain hb101, amylase was found to accumulate in the periplasmic space. to study the processing and the location of the amylase, plasmid pamy2 was introduced into e. coli 188 which is a strain constitutive for alkaline phosphatase, a periplasmic marker, and for beta-ga ...19836188799
cloning of beta-isopropylmalate dehydrogenase gene from bacillus coagulans in escherichia coli and purification and properties of the enzyme.the beta-isopropylmalate dehydrogenase (2-hydroxy-4-methyl-3-carboxyvalerate: nad+ oxidoreductase, ec 1.1.1.85) gene from baccilus coagulans was cloned and expressed in escherichia coli c600, using pbr322 as a vector plasmid. the b. coagulans enzyme was purified to a homogeneous state from the e. coli carrying a pbr322 - the b. coaglulans enzyme gene hybrid plasmid. the enzyme consists of two subunits of equal molecular weight (4.4 x 10(4) ). the enzyme activity was stimulated by 0.5 mm mn2+, mg ...19846087910
cloning in bacillus subtilis of an extremely thermostable alpha amylase: comparison with other cloned heatstable alpha amylases.a heatstable alpha amylase gene was shotgun cloned from bacillus licheniformis rpo1 into bacillus subtilis. restriction endonuclease analysis of the recombinant plasmid revealed a map which was identical to a previously cloned alpha amylase from b. licheniformis fdo2 and very similar to the restriction map of a high temperature amylase from bacillus coagulans. the thermostability and temperature optimum of the cloned alpha amylase was measureably different from those of the previously reported c ...19846331442
conformational studies on the inactivation of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase from the facultative thermophile bacillus coagulans ku.among the various proposals that have been made in attempting to explain the ability of thermophiles to reproduce at high temperatures, there is no doubt that obligate and extreme thermophiles synthesize proteins (and other molecules) that have sufficient intrinsic molecular stability to withstand increased thermal stress. in contrast, the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase from the facultative thermophile bacillus coagulans ku has been shown to be quite thermolabile in vitro. thermal inac ...19846465902
use of avidin to prepare biotin-free culture media.dialysis of avidin-treated casein hydrolysate and peptone solutions produced biotin-free dialysates which, when incorporated into growth media resulted in media devoid of biotin. wright-skeggs medium supplemented with dialyzed, avidin-treated, casein hydrolysate did not support significant growth of bacillus coagulans or lactobacillus plantarum without biotin supplementation. eagle's minimal essential medium supplemented with avidin-treated, peptone dialysate (memapd) would not support the growt ...19846496927
thermostability of enzymes of the tricarboxylic acid cycle of bacillus coagulans.the thermostability of four enzymes of the tricarboxylic acid cycle has been studied in the facultative thermophile, bacillus coagulans. although isocitrate dehydrogenase appeared to be more temperature-sensitive in whole-cell extracts of cultures grown at 30 degrees c compared with that in cultures grown at 55 degrees c, this difference could be largely eliminated by the removal of cell-wall material. the specific activity of each of the enzymes examined was approximately threefold higher in cu ...19854037783
structural studies on the linkage unit between poly(galactosylglycerol phosphate) and peptidoglycan in cell walls of bacillus coagulans.structural studies were carried out on the linkage units in the teichoic-acid--glycopeptide complexes isolated from lysozyme digests of the cell walls of bacillus coagulans ahu 1366. on treatment with 47% hydrogen fluoride, the complexes gave a disaccharide characterized as glucosyl(beta 1----4)n-acetylglucosamine together with major fragments, galactosyl(alpha 1----2)glycerol. by means of smith degradation and partial acid hydrolysis, the teichoic acid chain was shown to be composed of the repe ...19853971975
proline iminopeptidase from bacillus coagulans: purification and enzymatic properties.proline iminopeptidase [ec 3.4.11.5] was purified about 2,700-fold from cell-free extract of bacillus coagulans by a series of column chromatographies on deae-toyopearl, pcmb-t-sepharose, and hydroxyapatite, and gel filtration on sephadex g-150. the purified enzyme was homogeneous as judged by disc gel electrophoresis. the enzyme was most active at ph 7.3 with pro-beta-naphthylamide (pro-2-nnap) as the substrate, and hydrolyzed pro-x (x = amino acid including proline, peptide, amide, and arylami ...19854030733
a common linkage saccharide unit between teichoic acids and peptidoglycan in cell walls of bacillus coagulans.teichoic acid-glycopeptide complexes were isolated from lysozyme digests of the cell walls of bacillus coagulans ahu 1631, ahu 1634, and ahu 1638, and the structure of the teichoic acid moieties and their linkage regions was studied. on treatment with hydrogen fluoride, each of the complexes gave a hexosamine-containing disaccharide, which was identified to be glucosyl(beta 1----4)n-acetylglucosamine, in addition to dephosphorylated repeating units of the teichoic acids, namely, galactosyl(alpha ...19854030716
catalase, superoxide dismutase, and the production of o2-sensitive mutants of bacillus coagulans.a number of facultatively anaerobic members of the genus bacillus were screened for their catalase, diaminobenzidine peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase activities. a strain of bacillus coagulans (7050) lacking peroxidatic activity and containing single catalatic and superoxide dismutase activities was selected. responses of the superoxide dismutase activity and catalase level to the partial pressure of oxygen, and fe and mn levels, as well as to aerobic and fermentative metabolism, were determ ...19853004685
purification and characterization of bacillus coagulans oligo-1,6-glucosidase.a p-nitrophenyl-alpha-d-glucopyranoside-hydrolyzing oligo-1,6-glucosidase of bacillus coagulans atcc 7050 (facultative thermophile) was purified to homogeneity. the relative molecular mass, stokes radius, sedimentation coefficient at 20 degrees c in water, molecular absorption coefficient at 280 nm and ph 6.8, and isoelectric point were estimated as 60 000, 3.29 nm, 4.8 x 10(-13) s, 1.34 x 10(5) m-1 cm-1, and 4.3, respectively. the amino-terminal amino acid was threonine. there was no common ant ...19863089779
methylation of spore dna in bacillus coagulans strain 26.the modification status of dna throughout the life cycle of bacillus coagulans strain 26 was analysed by restriction analysis with methylation-sensitive enzymes. a significant fraction of the gatc sequences (dam target) in spore dna contain n6-methyladenine, a modification that is lacking during the vegetative phase. from the modulation of the modification pattern of gatc sites, the existence of a de novo methylase may be inferred. spore dna was more sensitive than vegetative cell dna to bamhi, ...19863040890
structural studies on the minor teichoic acid of bacillus coagulans ahu 1631.the minor teichoic acid linked to glycopeptide was isolated from lysozyme digests of bacillus coagulans ahu 1631 cell walls, and the structure of the teichoic acid moiety and its junction with the peptidoglycan were studied. hydrolysis of the teichoic-acid--glycopeptide complex with hydrogen fluoride gave a nonreducing oligosaccharide composed of glucose, galactose and glycerol in a molar ratio of 3:1:1 which was presumed to be dephosphorylated repeating units of the polymer chain. from the resu ...19863956496
comparative studies of lipoteichoic acids from several bacillus strains.structural studies were carried out on lipoteichoic acids obtained from defatted cells of 10 bacillus strains by phenol-water partition followed by chromatography on deae-sephacel and octyl-sepharose columns. a group of the tested bacteria (group a), bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, and bacillus pumilus, was shown to have a diacyl form of lipoteichoic acids which contained d-alanine, d-glucose, d-glucosamine, fatty acids, and glycerol in molar ratios to phosphorus of 0.35 to 0.69, 0.07 ...19863733670
biosynthesis of poly(galactosylglycerol phosphate) in bacillus coagulans.the pathway for the de novo synthesis of a teichoic acid, poly(galactosylglycerol phosphate), in bacillus coagulans ahu 1366 was studied by means of characterization and stepwise conversion of lipid-linked intermediates. incubation of membranes with udp-n-acetylglucosamine and udp-glucose yielded a disaccharide-linked polyprenylpyrophosphate, whose sugar moiety was characterized as glucosyl(beta 1----4)n-acetylglucosamine (glc-glcnac). by incubation with membranes and cdp-glycerol, glc-glcnac-pp ...19873569296
the function of galactosyl phosphorylpolyprenol in biosynthesis of lipoteichoic acid in bacillus coagulans.incubation of udp-[14c]galactose with membranes of bacillus coagulans led to the formation of a radioactive glycolipid, which was tentatively characterized as beta-galactosyl phosphorylpolyprenol (gal-p-prenol) on the basis of its chromatographic behavior and data from structural analysis of its sugar 1-phosphate moiety. the sugar moiety of [14c]gal-p-prenol was shown to be incorporated into a membrane-bound polymer, which coincided with the diacyl form of lipoteichoic acid in its chromatographi ...19883360021
solubilization and properties of udp-d-glucose:n-acetylglucosaminyl pyrophosphorylundecaprenol glucosyltransferase from bacillus coagulans ahu 1366 membranes.the glucosyltransferase which catalyzes the conversion of glcnac-pp-undecaprenol into glc(beta 1----4)glcnac-pp-undecaprenol in the presence of udp-glucose was solubilized from bacillus coagulans ahu 1366 membranes by treatment with 0.1% triton x-100 and partially purified by means of column chromatography on sephacryl s-300 and deae-sephacel. the final preparation was virtually free from other enzymes involved in the de novo synthesis of teichoic acid. the enzyme had a ph optimum of 6.6-8.0 and ...19882977388
bacillus infections in patients with cancer.eighteen febrile patients experienced 24 episodes of bacillus bacteremias from january 1978 to june 1986. bacillus species isolated included bacillus cereus (eight cases), bacillus circulans (three), bacillus subtilis (two), bacillus pumilus (two), bacillus licheniformis (one), bacillus sphaericus (one), bacillus coagulans (one), and six that could not be speciated. fifteen patients had lymphoma or leukemia and three had breast cancer. nine patients were neutropenic (polymorphonuclear neutrophil ...19883401098
structure, surface charge, and self-assembly of the s-layer lattice from bacillus coagulans e38-66.in freeze-etched preparations, whole cells from bacillus coagulans e38-66 exhibited an oblique s-layer lattice (a = 9.4 nm; b = 7.4 nm; gamma = 80 degrees). the three-dimensional structure of the crystalline array was characterized by optical and computer image analysis. the lattice showed two distinctly shaped types of pores. in vitro self-assembly of isolated subunits yielded flat sheets and open-ended cylinders composed of two back-to-back monolayers. unlike whole cells, in vitro self-assembl ...19892793825
reaction of woodward's reagent k with d-xylose isomerases. modification of an active site carboxylate residue.d-xylose isomerases from streptomyces violaceoruber, streptomyces sp., lactobacillus xylosus, lactobacillus brevis and bacillus coagulans were rapidly inactivated by woodward's reagent k. second-order rate constants in the absence of ligands, at ph 6.0 and 25 degrees c, were 41, 36, 22, 95 and 26 m-1.min-1 respectively. spectral analysis at 340 nm revealed that inactivation was correlated with modification of five, six, two, three and six carboxylate residues per monomer respectively. in the pre ...19892775179
function of alpha-d-glucosyl monophosphorylpolyprenol in biosynthesis of cell wall teichoic acids in bacillus coagulans.d-[alpha-14c]]glucosyl phosphorylpolyprenol ([ 14c]glc-p-prenol) was formed from udp-d-[14c]glucose in each of the membrane systems obtained from bacillus coagulans ahu 1631 and ahu 1634 and two bacillus megaterium strains. membranes of these b. coagulans strains, which possess beta-d-glucosyl branches on the repeating units in their major cell wall teichoic acids, were shown to catalyze the transfer of the glucose residue from [14c]glc-p-prenol to endogenous polymer. on the other hand, membrane ...19892708320
nucleotide sequences of genes encoding heat-stable and heat-labile glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenases; amino acid sequence and protein thermostability.the structural gene (gapst) encoding glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gpdh; ec 1.2.1.12) from bacillus stearothermophilus has been cloned in escherichia coli using plasmid pbr322 as a vector; the homologous gene (gapco) from bacillus coagulans was cloned from a phage lambda library. expression of the cloned gap genes revealed that, as in the wild-type (wt) organisms, the gpdh from b. stearothermophilus (gpdh-st) was intrinsically heat stable (hs) and that from b. coagulans (gpdh-co) hea ...19892684782
biosynthesis of linkage units for teichoic acids in gram-positive bacteria: distribution of related enzymes and their specificities for udp-sugars and lipid-linked intermediates.the distribution and substrate specificities of enzymes involved in the formation of linkage units which contain n-acetylglucosamine (glcnac) and n-acetylmannosamine (mannac) or glucose and join teichoic acid chains to peptidoglycan were studied among membrane systems obtained from the following two groups of gram-positive bacteria: group a, including bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus pumilus, staphylococcus aureus, and lactobacillus plantarum; group b, bacillus coagulans. all ...19892914877
chloride transport pathways and their bioenergetic implications in the obligate acidophile bacillus coagulans.the protonophore-mediated collapse of the large delta ph that acidophiles maintain across their cytoplasmic membranes was augmented by the presence of cl-, and cl- influx into the cells occurred evidently in response to the protonophore-induced increase in the inside-positive membrane potential (+ delta psi). in respiring cells, the addition of cl- but not so4(2-) salts caused a rapid and precipitous decrease in the + delta psi. a nernstian relationship between the imposed transmembrane k+ gradi ...19902307657
numerical analysis and dna base compositions of some thermophilic bacillus species.morphological, physiological, and biochemical characteristics and the dna base compositions of 133 thermophilic bacillus strains were determined. a total of 54 of these strains were received as identified species (mainly bacillus stearothermophilus, bacillus coagulans, bacillus brevis, and bacillus licheniformis) from international culture collections, and 79 newly isolated strains, which were isolated mainly from sugar diffusion juices of italian plants, were also examined. numerical taxonomy t ...19911742196
characterization of gram-positive broad host-range plasmids carrying a thermophilic replicon.the cryptic plasmid pbc1 (1.6 kb) isolated from bacillus coagulans zu1961 was genetically marked with the genes for chloramphenicol and ampicillin resistance (cmr and apr) from the escherichia coli plasmid pjh101. the recombinant vector obtained (pcp49, 7.0 kb) replicated and expressed cmr in b. subtilis and cmr and apr in e. coli. different shuttle vectors for gram+ bacteria were also constructed by inserting pbc1 into the staphylococcus aureus plasmid pc194. the smallest of these, plm6 (2.8 kb ...19911908113
[effects of antibiotics and anti-bacterial components of preparations for local treatment of suppurative wounds on pathogens of odonto- genic infections].the results of identification and sensitivity assay of 156 strains of pathogens causing odontogenic infections are presented. in the sensitivity assay antibacterial drugs were used. 42.3 percent of the strains were obligate anaerobes belonging to bacteroides, fusobacterium, peptococcus, peptostreptococcus, veillonella and actinomyces. significant differences in the microbial sensitivity to the drugs used for general and local therapy were detected. there was observed high sensitivity of the obli ...19911805697
[bsoai--a new site specific endonuclease from bacillus coagulans].a new site-specific endonuclease was detected in toluene lysates of bacillus coagulans aucm b-732 and designated as bcoai. the enzyme was purified by fractionation of the cell-free extract in the two-phase peg/dextran system followed by chromatography on deae-sepharose and phosphocellulose and shown to be free of nonspecific nucleases and phosphatases. bcoai has three cleavage sites on lambda dna, but does not cleave sv40, pbr322 and puc19 dna. bcoai recognizes the sequence 5' cac decreases gtg ...19911839653
structural organization of pbc1, a cryptic plasmid from bacillus coagulans.the complete nucleotide sequence of the bacillus coagulans plasmid pbc1 was determined. the sequence revealed an open reading frame encoding a polypeptide of 259 amino acids. this open reading frame shows sequence similarity to genes coding for replication-associated proteins in a group of gram-positive bacterial plasmids known to replicate via single-stranded intermediates. a region required for replication in cis, when the intact replicon is supplied in trans, was identified as well.19921729254
cloning, sequencing, and high expression of the proline iminopeptidase gene from bacillus coagulans.the gene coding for proline iminopeptidase in bacillus coagulans was cloned and expressed in escherichia coli. nucleotide sequencing revealed an 861-bp open reading frame with an unusual ttg initiation codon, encoding a 287-amino-acid protein. the calculated molecular weight of the product was 32,415. the amino acid sequences of the amino-terminal region and those of some peptide fragments obtained by endoproteinase asp-n digestion of the purified enzyme completely coincided with those deduced f ...19921459939
biochemical activities of bacillus species isolated from flat sour evaporated milk.forty strains of bacilli were isolated from flat sour evaporated milk and were characterized as bacillus stearothermophilus (5 strains), bacillus licheniformis (10 strains), bacillus coagulans (15 strains), bacillus macerans (5 strains), and bacillus subtilis (5 strains). the hydrolases of these strains were examined with the api zym system, and the ability of these strains to produce acid in milk incubated at different temperatures was also examined. esterase, esterase lipase, lipase, valine am ...19921430475
scanning force microscopy studies of the s-layers from bacillus coagulans e38-66, bacillus sphaericus ccm2177 and of an antibody binding process.in many prokaryotic cells (eubacteria and archaebacteria) the outermost cell envelope component is composed of a regularly structured protein surface layer (s-layer). the two-dimensional s-layer from bacillus coagulans e38-66 and bacillus sphaericus ccm2177 has been investigated by sfm at molecular resolution under physiological conditions (i.e., in buffer solution). we find the e38-66 s-layer lattice to be oblique with lattice parameters of a = 9-10 nm, b = 7-8 nm and gamma = 80 degrees -90 deg ...19921413261
comparative sequence analyses on the 16s rrna (rdna) of bacillus acidocaldarius, bacillus acidoterrestris, and bacillus cycloheptanicus and proposal for creation of a new genus, alicyclobacillus gen. nov.comparative 16s rrna (rdna) sequence analyses performed on the thermophilic bacillus species bacillus acidocaldarius, bacillus acidoterrestris, and bacillus cycloheptanicus revealed that these organisms are sufficiently different from the traditional bacillus species to warrant reclassification in a new genus, alicyclobacillus gen. nov. an analysis of 16s rrna sequences established that these three thermoacidophiles cluster in a group that differs markedly from both the obligately thermophilic o ...19921374624
permeability and charge-dependent adsorption properties of the s-layer lattice from bacillus coagulans e38-66.we investigated the permeability properties of the oblique s-layer lattice from bacillus coagulans e38-66 after depositing cell wall fragments on a microfiltration membrane, cross-linking the s-layer protein with glutaraldehyde, and degrading the peptidoglycan with lysozyme. comparative permeability studies on such multilayered s-layer membranes and suspended s-layer vesicles from thermophilic members of the family bacillaceae with use of the space technique (m. sára and u. b. sleytr, j. bacteri ...19921317378
[the effect of physicochemical environmental factors on the growth of gram-positive bacterial dissociants].the growth of r-, s- and m (g)-dissociants of streptococcus lactis, bacillus coagulans, rhodococcus rubropertinctus under the action of some physico-chemical factors: temperature, ph, ultraviolet (uv) rays, high concentration of nacl and storage have been compared. r-variants gain selective advantage under the influence of uv-irradiation, high temperature and storage; s-variants--at decreasing of active ph of medium; m (g)-variants--at decreasing of growth temperature, high values of ph, increas ...19921302518
[etiology of inflammatory maxillofacial diseases and estimation of the effectiveness of antibacterial drugs in vitro].the results of identification of 710 clinical strains of anaerobic microorganisms isolated from the pathological foci of patients with maxillofacial diseases are presented. the species composition of the microflora associations in the cases with abscesses, phlegmon, lymphadenitis, osteomyelitis and parodontitis is described. along with a high frequency of nonsporulating anaerobes, staphylococci, microaerophilic streptococci and in the cases with parodontitis actinomycetes, bacillus licheniformis ...19921300935
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