Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year(sorted ascending) Filter | PMID Filter |
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| proteins specified by herpes simplex virus. 8. characterization and composition of multiple capsid forms of subtypes 1 and 2. | two classes of herpesvirus capsids, designated a and b, were isolated from the nuclei of human cells infected with herpes simplex virus (hsv). a and b capsids share in common four structural proteins, i.e., no. 5, 19, 23, and 24. b capsids contain 7.7 to 9.7 times more deoxyribonucleic acid than a capsids; moreover, they contain proteins no. 21 and 22a in addition. all of the proteins contained in the capsid except no. 22a are present in the enveloped nucleocapsids (virions) in approximately the ... | 1972 | 4344252 |
| experimental latent herpesvirus infection in rabbits, mice and hamsters: ultrastructure of the virus activation in explanted gasseric ganglia. | the frequency of latent infection as established in trigeminal ganglia of rabbits, mice and hamsters with human herpesvirus type 1 (hvh) was compared using two different virus strains. explantation proved to be effective in reisolation of hvh from ganglion tissue, which did not yield infectious virus at time of its removal. after healing of acute keratitis, the latent infection in homolateral gasseric ganglia of rabbits was detected at a relatively high frequency (60-80 per cent) up to 120 days ... | 1975 | 235193 |
| in vitro stimulation of human lymphocytes by purified cytomegalovirus. | lymphocytes from 19 healthy donors were tested against purified cytomegalovirus (cmv) strain ad 169, in a lymphocyte-transformation test. the test was performed in microcultures using various preparations and concentrations of antigen. these included, besides purified cmv, cmv-infected cells, herpes simplex virus type 1 antigen, and control antigens. lymphocytes from cmv-seropositive donors were stimulated by purified virus and infected cells, whereas lymphocytes from seronegative donors did not ... | 1975 | 186434 |
| differential feulgen-deoxyribonucleic acid hydrolysis patterns of herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 infected cells. | infection of human embryonic lung cells with herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and herpes simplex type 1 (hsv-2) resulted in: (a) qualitative (nuclear cytopathologic) alterations and quantitative (nuclear area) differences in infected compared to control nuclei; (b) increased feulgen-deoxyribonucleic acid (f-dna) amounts in infected cells, probably due to viral dna; (c) higher f-dna levels in hsv-2 infected cells; and (d) increased rates of f-dna hydrolysis in viral-infected as compared to uni ... | 1975 | 47871 |
| stimulation of human lymphocytes by herpes simplex virus antigens. | lymphocytes from individuals with laboratory evidence of prior infection with herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 1 or type 2 demonstrated transformation (av antigens. higher stimulation indexes were obtained when lymphocytes were incubated with the homologous as compared with the heterologous antigen. higher mean lymphocyte stimulation indexes were also demonstrated in seropositive as compared with seronegative individuals. lymphocytes from children with hsv-1 stomatitis usually became responsive t ... | 1975 | 163788 |
| differential action of deoxynucleosides on mammalian cell cultures infected with herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2. | cytopathic effects induced by eight serologically defined isolates of herpes simplex virus type 2 (tested on human amnion cells) were markedly inhibited by thymidine at a concentration of 5 mm; eight serologically defined isolates of herpes simplex virus type 1, however, were not significantly inhibited. a similar effect was seen with thymidine, deoxyguanosine, and deoxycytidine at 1-mm concentrations in tests with rabbit kidney cultures. the inhibitory effect of thymidine was not blocked by the ... | 1975 | 163871 |
| anatomy of herpes simplex virus dna: strain differences and heterogeneity in the locations of restriction endonuclease cleavage sites. | digestion of herpes simplex virus dna by the hiniii or eco ri restriction endonucleases yielded 11 to 15 fragments with molecular weights between 1 x 10(6) and 28 x10(6). the electrophoretic profiles obtained in 0.3% agarose gels with dna fragments from none different strains of herpes simplex virus type 1 could be readily differentiated from the patterns exhibited by the corresponding fragments from four separate strains of type 2 virus; however, with each serotype, the laboratory strains diffe ... | 1975 | 168574 |
| solid phase radioimmunoassay for typing herpes simplex viral antibodies in human sera. | an indirect solid phase radioimmunoassay (ria) was developed for typing antibody to herpes simplex virus (hsv) types 1 and 2 (hsv-1 and hsv-2) in human sera. the test is based upon absorption of sera with uninfected, hsv-1-infected cells and testing for residual antibody. the high sensitivity of the ria method for detecting hsv antibody permits examination of sera at high dilutions, and thus relatively small volumes of virus-infected cells are required for cross-absorption of antibodies. results ... | 1975 | 172526 |
| antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity to target cells infected with type 1 and type 2 herpes simplex virus. | the phenomenon of antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytoxicity (adcc) has been extended to include target cells acutely infected with herpes simplex type 1 virus (hsv-1) or herpes simplex type 2 virus (hsv-2) in an in vitro system that employs immune human serum and human blood mononuclear cells. the cytotoxic reaction was detectable after 1 hr of incubation and was complete between 4 and 8 hr. the amount of adcc noted was directly proportional to the logarithm(10) of the effector: target cell ra ... | 1976 | 173757 |
| variability in the structural polypeptides of herpes simplex virus 1 strains: potential application in molecular epidemiology. | this paper reports on the variability of structural polypeptides of 53 strains of herpes simplex virus 1 isolated from italy, uganda, south africa, and various locations in the united states. most strains were passaged a limited number of times at low multiplicity outside the human host; a few strains were characterized by numberous passages at variable multiplicities in cell culture and experimental animals. the acrylamide gel electrophoresis of polypeptides from purified virions revealed seven ... | 1976 | 175016 |
| reactions of immune sera against the nucleocapsid, envelope and whole herpes simplex virus type 1. | antibodies against (a) naked particles, (b) virus envelope, and (c) whole herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 1 were investigated. immune rabbit serum against naked particles (and formalized naked particles) contained virus neutralizing (vn) antibody in a low titre as compared to the titre of complement-fixing (cf) antibody. immune rabbit serum against the viral envelope had similar titres of vn and cf antibodies. in gel double diffusion precipitation tests, whole hsv gave two precipitation zones wi ... | 1976 | 7940 |
| cell-mediated immunity to herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 antigens in leukoplakia and carcinoma in man. | cell-mediated immune responses to herpes simplex virus 1 and type 2 virion and non-virion antigens were assessed in patients and in controls with oral leukoplakia, carcinoma and recurrent herpes labialis. enhanced proliferation was found in lymphocytes from patients with recurrent herpes labialis or with leukoplakia showing epithelial atypia, and depressed responses were found in carcinoma. very significantly positive correlations were shown between the responses to each of the herpes virus anti ... | 1976 | 65753 |
| enhancement of ige-mediated histamine release from human basophils by viruses: role of interferon. | human leukocytes maintained in culture are induced to release histamine when exposed to ragweed antigen e or anti-ige. leukocyte cultures incubated with virus (i.e. hsv-1, influenza a, and adeno-1) but not exposed to ragweed antigen e or anti-ige fail to release histamine. if, however, leukocyte cultures are first exposed to virus and then to ragweed antigen e or anti-ige, significant enhancement of histamine release occurs. both infectious and inactivated virus enhance histamine release and the ... | 1977 | 67173 |
| measurement of antibodies to herpesvirus types 1 and 2 in human sera by microradioimmunoassay. | the binding of 125i-labelled anti-human antibodies against the fc igg fragment to unlabelled antiviral immunoglobulins in the surface of infected cells was used to quantitate antibodies against herpes simplex virus type (hsv-1) and type 2 (hsv-2) in sera from patients with cervix carcinoma. the microradioimmunoassay technique (micro-ria) proved to be 5-10 times more sensitive than the microneutralization test. antibody titres determined by micro-ria correlated with neutralizing antibody titres t ... | 1977 | 22235 |
| detection of early antigens in nuclei of cells infected with cytomegalovirus or herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2 by anti-complement immunofluorescence, and use of a blocking assay to demonstrate their specificity. | skin fibroblasts exposed to cytosine arabinoside (ara c) were infected with either cytomegalovirus (cmv) or herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 1 and 2. herpesvirus-determined early antigens (hv-ea), detected by anti-complement immunofluorescence (acif), occurred primarily in the nucleic, and the specificity of these results was established by an acif blocking reaction using f(ab')2 fragments of human and hyperimmune reference sera. direct tests with selected sera and cross-blocking experiments betw ... | 1977 | 64461 |
| complement-fixing antigen of human cytomegaloviruses. | the titer of complement-fixing (cf) antigen of human cytomegalovirus (cmv) strain c87 was not reduced by 10 cycles of freezing and thawing or by storage at 4 c for two months, although the virus was labile at 37 c and 100 c. the rapid increase in titers of cf antigen and plaque-forming units was seen from days 3 through 6 after infection; however, cf antigen was detected 24 hr after infection. the molecular weight of cf antigen was estimated by gel filtration to be greater than 1.5 x 10(7) dalto ... | 1977 | 190330 |
| activation of latent herpesvirus hominis in explants of rabbit trigeminal ganglia: the influence of immune serum. | more than fifty albino rabbits were inoculated into the right scarified cornea with 10(7) pfu of the kupka strain of human herpes virus type 1 (hhv-1). at intervals ranging from 4--280 days post infection (p.i.), both gasserian ganglia, both trigeminal nerve trunks and pieces from brain stem and from both corneas were explanted. activation of the latent hhv-1 was found mainly in the homolateral ganglion tissue, but also in explants originating from the opposite ganglia. within 24--72 hours, prio ... | 1977 | 192182 |
| [prevention and therapy of viral diseases with special reference to interferon]. | human leukocyte interferon (hli) was used for treatment of human diploid fibroblasts before and after infection with vaccinia virus, herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv 1), herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv 2), and varicella zoster virus (vzv). vero cells were infected with medical lake macaque herpes virus (mlmv), and treated with hli in the same way. in all of these systems hli exhibited an antiviral effect when administered before infection, and this effect could be increased by additional hli tr ... | 1977 | 192653 |
| anatomy of herpes simplex virus dna viii. properties of the replicating dna. | this paper concerns the properties of herpes simplex virus 1 dna replicating in hep-2 and human embryonic lung cells. the results were as follows. (i) only a small fraction of input viral dna entered the replicative pool. the bulk of the input viral dna cosedimented with marker viral dna and did not appear to be degraded or dissociated into l and s components. (ii) nascent dna sedimented faster and banded at a higher density than that of mature viral dna extracted from virions. pulse-chase exper ... | 1977 | 196115 |
| search for inhibitors against herpes simplex virus type-i in cell extracts derived from human lymphoblastoid cell lines. | cell extracts obtained from kb cells and 5 human lymphoblastoid cell lines including 2 from burkitt's lymphoma (p3hr-1 and raji), one each from nasopharyngeal carcinoma (no.223), acute lymphatic leukemia (molt-4) and a healthy person (nc-37) were tested for their inhibitory effects on the growth of herpes simplex virus type-1 (hsv-1) in green monkey kidney (gmk) cells by the plaque titration method. the relationship between the production of hsv-1 inhibitors and the degree of epstein-barr virus ... | 1977 | 196817 |
| [herpes simplex virus (hsv-1 and hsv-2) infection: its clinical and oncogenic properties (author's transl)]. | the epidemiology and clinical features of diseases caused by the herpes simplex virus, are reviewed and recent results are discussed which give an insight into the complex mechanism of primary and chronic, recurrent hsv-1 infections. immunological reactions in hsv infection and data concerning the oncogenic potential of hsv-1 and -2 are dealt with. furthermore, current therapeutic possibilities are outlined. | 1977 | 201107 |
| comparative evaluation of human leukocyte and fibroblast interferon in the prevention of herpes simplex virus keratitis in a monkey model. | the prophylactic potency of topically applied human leukocyte interferon and human fibroblast interferon was compared in a monkey model with herpes simplex virus type 1-induced keratitis. both interferons effectively prevented keratitis at 1.9 x 10(6) u of activity per ml but were ineffective at 1.9 x 10(3) u/ml. slight differences between human leukocyte interferon and human fibroblast interferon observed at the level of 1.9 x 10(5) u/ml were not statistically significant. | 1977 | 408274 |
| a possible role for polymorphonuclear leucocytes in the defence against recrudescent herpes simplex virus infection in man. | we have used a 51cr release assay to demonstrate that human polymorphonuclear leucocytes (pmnl) can damage herpes simplex infected target cells sensitized with antiviral antibody. effective sensitizing antibodies were found in both serum and saliva of all those persons tested who were subject to recurrent cold sores. pmnl were much less effective as killer cells than peripheral blood mononuclear cells, but as they are the predominant inflammatory cell with the hsv1 lesion they may be, quantitati ... | 1978 | 640713 |
| antiviral activity of extracts from marine algae. | extracts of two species of marine algae, constantinea simplex and farlowia mollis, were tested for antiviral activity in tissue culture and in experimental infections of mice. treatment of confluent mouse embryo fibroblast cell monolayers with either compound before viral inoculation was effective in inhibiting the replication of herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2, vaccinia virus, and vesicular stomatitis virus, but not encephalomyocarditis virus, semliki forest virus, or murine cytomegalovi ... | 1978 | 686707 |
| suppression of the synthesis of cellular macromolecules by herpes simplex virus. | synthesis of cellular protein was substantially inhibited within 1 h of infection with herpes simplex virus, type 2, strain g (hsv-2). the inhibition also occurred, although no virus-specific protein synthesis was detected, after infection with u.v. irradiated virus and in cytoplasts that had been enucleated before infection. the inhibitory activity could not be distinguished from infectivity by dilution, sedimentation or reaction with gamma-globulin. hsv-2 also suppresssed the synthesis of send ... | 1978 | 212520 |
| restriction endonuclease fingerprinting of herpes simplex virus dna: a novel epidemiological tool applied to a nosocomial outbreak. | in a blind study, 14 isolates of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) that included nine isolates from a temporal cluster of hsv infections in a hospital pediatric intensive care unit and five unrelated isolates were analyzed by digestion of their dna with four restriction endonucleases. these enzymes (hsui, bglii, ecori, and hpai) cleave the dna in about 52 sites. to date, at least 16 sites have been found to be variable in the sense that they may be present or absent independently of any other ... | 1978 | 213496 |
| human herpesvirus 1 as a model of regulation of herpesvirus macromolecular metabolism: a review. | 1978 | 221332 | |
| experimental pathogenesis of non-lethal herpesvirus infection and the establishment of latency. | in rabbits inoculated into the right scarified cornea with the kupka strain of human herpesvirus type 1 (hhv 1), healing of the keratitis occurred between days 8--12 post infection (p.i.). viral particles were seen in nuclei and cytoplasm of corneal epithelium cells and in a few fibrocytes of corneal stroma. by immunofluorescence and electron microscopy, the virus was demonstrated in single neurons and satellite cells of the homolateral gasserian ganglion since 24 hr p.i. from 20 hr to 8 days p. ... | 1978 | 29466 |
| influence of human leukocyte interferon on igg on the replication of herpes simplex virus in nervous tissue in vitro. | herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) replicated productively in rabbit and guinea pig ganglia and nerve organ cultures when inoculated in high titres. treatment with igg 20 hr before and 48 hr after infection produced a delay of 4 to 7 days in the recovery of hsv-1 by the method of co-cultivation. the same result was obtained when igg was combined with human leukocyte interferon. there was no difference in the period up to hsv recovery between the groups treated with interferon alone and the hsv ... | 1979 | 94767 |
| the polypeptide and the dna restriction enzyme profiles of spontaneous isolates of herpes simplex virus type 1 from explants of human trigeminal, superior cervical and vagus ganglia. | analysis of the infected cell polypeptides and the dna restriction profiles of 31 hsv-1 isolates from the trigeminal, superior cervical and vagus ganglia from 17 individuals (12 u.s.a., 2 japanese, 3 norwegian) could be classified as 15 different virus strains. with the exception of the three norwegian isolates which gave identical profiles, virus isolates from the ganglia of different individuals could all be distinguished from one another. in contrast virus isolates from the trigeminal, superi ... | 1979 | 225415 |
| herpes simplex virus type 1 infection of isogenic epstein-barr virus genome-negative and -positive burkitt's lymphoma-derived cell lines. | the epstein-barr virus (ebv) genome-negative burkitt's lymphoma-derived cell lines bjab and ramos and their in vitro ebv-converted sublines bjab-b1, bjab-a5, bjab-b95-8, and aw-ramos were infected with high multiplicities of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1; 10 to 70 pfu/cell). cultures were monitored for cell growth and hsv-1 dna synthesis. ebv-converted bjab cultures were more permissive for hsv-1 infection than bjab cultures. significant cell killing and hsv-1 dna synthesis were observed du ... | 1979 | 225521 |
| transfer of the herpes simplex thymidine kinase gene from human cells to mouse cells by means of metaphase chromosomes. | thymidine kinase (tk)-deficient human cells were infected with ultraviolet light-inactivated herpes simplex virus type 1, and "transformed" cells that expressed herpes tk activity were isolated. purified metaphase chromosomes were isolated from the transformed human line and incubated with tk-deficient mouse cells. tk+ cells were selected, and it was shown that these cells were gene transferents which expressed herpes tk activity, identical to that found in the transformed human cells. the gene ... | 1979 | 225836 |
| natural killing of herpes simplex virus type 1-infected target cells: normal human responses and influence of antiviral antibody. | studies of a mouse model of genetic resistance to herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) indicate that the marrow-dependent effector cell of allogeneic resistance plays an important role in natural resistance to this virus infection. since the marrow-dependent effector cell appears to be closely related to the natural killer (nk) cells, an nk assay with hsv-1-infected fibroblasts [nk(hsv-1)] has been developed to study this resistance mechanism in humans. incubation of effector and target cells for ... | 1979 | 227799 |
| herpes virus production as a marker of repair in ultra-violet irradiated human skin cells of different origin. | confluent cultures of human skin fibroblasts were irradiated with ultra-violet light 0 to 48 hours before infection with herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv). the one-cycle viral yield was measured. different responses were obtained according to the origin of the host cells. (1) cells from three normal donors showed a dose-dependent recovery of hsv production during the 36--40 hours following u.v. exposure. the recovery was maximal for a dose at which a plateau level of unscheduled dna synthesis (u ... | 1979 | 227802 |
| effect of antiviral lipids, heat, and freezing on the activity of viruses in human milk. | semliki forest virus (sfv), herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1), coxsackievirus b4, and cytomegalovirus (cmv) were added to human milk, which was then subjected to treatments that approximated those required for the decontamination or storage of milk. boiling was the only treatment that eliminated these viruses from the milk. pasteurization (at 62.5 c for 30 min) did destroy cmv, but the other viruses could still be detected. all of the viruses except hsv-1 were detectable after the contaminated ... | 1979 | 227969 |
| evidence for herpes simplex virus type-selective receptors on cellular plasma membranes. | herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) interfered with the adsorption of subsequently added homotypic but no heterotypic hsv, suggesting that the cellular receptors involved were type-selective. both infective and u.v.-irradiated virus could block the attachment of virions to cellular surface receptors. the adsorption rate was studied by assaying non-adsorbed infective virus remaining in the fluid medium and cell-associated 3h-thymidine labelled hsv, and hsv mutants assayed in presence of phosphono ... | 1979 | 227992 |
| induction of thymidine kinase and dnase in varicella-zoster virus-infected cells and kinetic properties of the virus-induced thymidine kinase. | thymidine kinase (tk), dna polymerase, and dnase activities were induced in human foreskin fibroblasts after varicella-zoster virus infection. the induced tk and dnase activities have electrophoretic mobilities different from the corresponding host enzymes. varicella-zoster virus-induced tk was purified and separated from the host enzyme by affinity column chromatography. this enzyme has been shown to have a broader substrate specificity with respect to either the phosphate donor or acceptor as ... | 1979 | 228052 |
| immunogenicity of subviral herpes simplex virus preparations. i. formation of neutralizing antibodies in different animal species after administration of herpes simplex virus solubilized antigens. | production of neutralizing antibodies was followed in guinea pigs, rabbits, hamsters and mice immunized with crude antigen extracts (am) from human diploid cells infected with herpes simplex virus type 1. the am induced relatively high levels of neutralizing antibodies in all four species. the antibodies were predominantly complement-requiring and remained so even after administration of repeated am doses. with the strains used, the antibody response was predominantly type specific and, surprisi ... | 1979 | 229789 |
| modulation of herpes simplex virus replication in adenovirus transformed cells. | the ability of herpes simplex virus 1 to replicate in cells transformed by adenovirus type 5 is strongly dependent on the origin of the cells. studies show that adenovirus transformed rat cells lose their permissiveness while cells of hamster or human origin retain their ability to replicate hsv although at a reduced level when compared to the untransformed parent cells. one line of adenovirus transformed rat cells, 107, demonstrates thermosensitive events, allowing hsv to replicate at 34 degree ... | 1979 | 230284 |
| comparative study of herpes group virus-induced dna polymerases. | a comparative biochemical study of virus-induced dna polymerases was made among the herpes group viruses: namely, herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 1 and type 2, human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) and varicella-zoster virus (vzv). although these virus-induced enzymes shared some biochemical properties, they differed in several important aspects. all these virus-induced dna polymerases could efficiently use poly(dc) . oligo(dg)12--18 and poly(da) . oligo(dt)12--18 as template-primers. however, in phospho ... | 1979 | 231586 |
| the effects of ultraviolet and ionizing radiation on herpesviruses, sv40 and adenoviruses in relation to the small-plaque effect. | the small-plaque effect occurs with a wide range of herpesviruses following irradiation with ultraviolet light. the 37 per cent survival (d37) values, or dose required for one lethal hit (e-1), for herpes simplex, pseudorabies and pigeon herpesviruses in different cells indicate a broad spectrum of host-cell repair capacity. other dna-containing viruses such as sv40 and adenoviruses, which also replicate in the cell nucleus, show the small-plaque effect. ionizing irradiation of herpes simplex vi ... | 1979 | 231946 |
| serological studies on the antigenic relationship between herpes simplex virus and varicella-zoster virus. | if crossreacting antibodies between varicella-zoster virus (vzv) and herpes simplex virus (hsv) exist, one would expect more positive reactions with vzv in a group of hsv positive patients than in a group of hsv negative patients. this statement can only apply to a group of individuals where positive and negative reactions with respect to hsv and vzv are evenly distributed. such a distribution can only be found among children. therefore, the relationship between hsv-1 and vzv was the only one wh ... | 1979 | 232073 |
| the physical state of herpes simplex virus dna in infected human cells. | treatment of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1)-infected human embryo lung (hel) cells with phosphonoacetic acid (paa) resulted in complete inhibition of hsv dna replication. dna was extracted from paa-treated hel cells infected with hsv-1 and centrifuged in a neutral cscl density gradient. the hsv dna sequences in the nuclei of paa treated cells at 24 hr post infection banded at the same density as free hsv dna (1.725 g/cm3), but a significant amount of viral dna sequences were detected in the ... | 1979 | 232235 |
| variations in herpes simplex virus isolated from human ganglia and a study of clonal variation in hsv-1. | growth of human sensory ganglia in culture has led to the reactivation of herpes simplex virus from over 50% of cases studied. infected cell polypeptide and restriction enzyme analysis has led to the conclusion that each individual has one unique latent strain of hsv-1 that can be present in more than one ganglion in the body. analysis of 91 isolates has shown that the long region of the genome is variable in terms of dna restriction sites, dna sequences, and in coding for the majority of variab ... | 1980 | 6261648 |
| macrophage dependence of polyriboinosinic acid-polyribocytidylic acid-induced resistance to herpes simplex virus infection in mice. | the relative contributions of macrophages and lymphocytes to the induction of resistance to primary herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) infection by polyriboinosinic-polyribocytidylic acid complex [poly (i:c)] were investigated in c58 mice. the induction of resistance was found to be strongly dependent on macrophages compared to lymphocytes. macrophage-deficient (silica-treated) mice produced less interferon and were not as responsive to prophylactic treatment of hsv-1 infections with poly (i:c) ... | 1980 | 6155345 |
| human peripheral null lymphocytes. ii. producers of type-1 interferon upon stimulation with tumor cells, herpes simplex virus and corynebacterium parvum. | human blood lymphocytes, exposed for 6 to 24 h in vitro to tumor cells (k 562, igr3, l1210), herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv) or corynebacterium parvum (cp), produced high levels of anti-viral activity which was identified as type-1 interferon (if). in mixed lymphocyte tumor cell cultures (mltc), the generated type-1 if was definitely shown to originate from the lymphocytes and not from the tumor cells. supplementation of leukocyte cultures with 10% fetal calf serum instead 10% human ab serum h ... | 1980 | 6157543 |
| characterization of herpes simplex virus strains isolated from patients with various diseases. | herpes simplex virus strains (hsv) were isolated from various herpetic diseases. these hsv-strains isolated in bulgaria (687) and in other countries (13) were studied by the neutralization test using standard type specific rabbit antisera and human gamma globulin. the serotype distribution of all strains showed: hsv-1 = 323 strains, hsv-2 = 372 strains, 5 strains behaved antigenically intermediate. a close correlation between the serotype of the strains and the localization of the lesions was es ... | 1980 | 6243918 |
| genetic retrieval of viral genome sequences from herpes simplex virus transformed cells. | oncogenic transformation of cultured cells by inactivated herpes simplex virus (hsv) types 1 and 2 has been demonstrated. expression of hsv information in these transformed cells has been shown by immunofluorescence studies, detection of hsv neutralizing antibody in sera from tumour-bearing animals and by hybridization of hsv-specific rna. molecular hybridization studies of dna from hsv-2 transformed hamster cells have detected up to 40% of the hsv genome present in several copies. complementati ... | 1980 | 6247659 |
| frequency and levels of antibodies to epstein-barr virus-specific dnase are elevated in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. | sera from healthy individuals and patients with infectious mononucleosis, burkitt lymphoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, or other malignancies were examined for their capacity to neutralize epstein-barr virus (ebv)-induced dnase activity. sera were found that neutralized the ebv dnase but not herpes simplex virus type 1 or type 2 dnases, and vice versa. sera from 46 of the 49 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma examined (94%) neutralized > 6 units of ebv dnase per ml of serum. in contrast, only ... | 1980 | 6255477 |
| hsv-1 infection inhibits procollagen and protein secretion from normal and ataxia telangiectasia cultured skin fibroblasts. | human skin fibroblasts derived from a healthy individual and from a child with the genetic disorder ataxia telangiectasia were infected with herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1). the virus infection did not affect the synthesis of procollagen but inhibited its release from the cells. | 1980 | 6257835 |
| synthesis and antiviral activity of 1-(2-deoxy-beta-d-ribofuranosyl)-5-(methylmercapto)-2-pyrimidinone. | 1-(2-deoxy-beta-d-ribofuranosyl)-5-(methylmercapto)-2-pyrimidinone (1b) was synthesized via modification of the silyl method. 1b inhibits the herpes simplex virus type 1 (98%) and type 2 (97%) at a concentration which is nontoxic to human hela cells. the compound shows 50 times greater binding affinity (lower ki) to the virus-specific thymidine kinase than to the thymidine kinase of uninfected hela cells. | 1981 | 6259353 |
| [the effect of viruses on megakaryocytes in vitro (author's transl)]. | bone marrow suspensions from adolescent rats contain 0.3% megakaryocytes; this rate decreases to almost zero within 72--96 h cultivation in vitro in leighton tubes because of thrombocytopoesis. such cultures were inoculated immediately after seeding with different viruses in high multiplicity. after infection with herpes simplex virus type 1 or adenovirus type 2, no deviation of the number and morphology of the megakaryocytes was seen when compared with control cultures. however, after infection ... | 1981 | 6260271 |
| isolation of herpes simplex virus type 1 from gastric contents of a patient with acute pancreatitis. | herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) was isolated from the gastric contents of a young man with acute idiopathic pancreatitis. although the patient had a marked (eightfold) rise in serum complement fixing antibody titer to hsv-1, there was no evidence of primary infection. the source of the hsv-1 may have been reactivation in the oral or pharyngeal mucous membranes, with swallowing of the virus. hsv-1 is normally quite labile in acid media (less than five minutes at ph less than or equal to 3), b ... | 1981 | 6261405 |
| sensitive chemiluminescent enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for quantification of human immunoglobulin g and detection of herpes simplex virus. | a chemiluminescent enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (celisa) was developed for detecting human immunoglobulin g and herpes simplex viral antigen. a comparison of celisa with a conventional absorptiometric detection system showed that celisa was 100 times more sensitive than absorptiometry for the measurement of human immunglobulin g. similarly, celisa detected as few as 40 plaque-forming units of herpes simplex virus in contrast to 2,500 plaque-forming units detected by absorptiometry. of 18 sp ... | 1981 | 6257758 |
| induction of uracil-dna glycosylase and dutp nucleotidohydrolase activity in herpes simplex virus-infected human cells. | hela bu cells infected with either the type 1 or the type 2 forms of herpes simplex virus show an increase in the activities of uracil-dna glycosylase and dutp nucleotidohydrolase. under optimal conditions, uracil-dna glycosylase activity increases approximately 40-fold in hsv type 2-infected cells. in herpes simplex virus (hsv) type 1-infected cells, uracil-dna glycosylase activity increases only 6-fold. at a kcl concentration of 100 mm, uracil-dna glycosylase derived from hsv type 2-infected c ... | 1981 | 6115860 |
| in vitro induction of human cell-mediated cytotoxicity directed against herpes simplex virus-infected cells. kinetics in normal donors and patients with recurrent herpes labialis. | in order to analyse cellular cytotoxic mechanisms involved in herpes virus infections, human peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes (pbml) were incubated (sensitized) for up to 7 days with uninfected or herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1)-infected cells. the sensitized pbml were then tested in a 5-hr 51cr-release microassay against uninfected, hsv-1-infected, or cytomegalovirus (cmv)-infected target cells. pbml from normal donors, sensitized with hsv-1 infected cells, exhibited strong cytotoxic ... | 1981 | 7265173 |
| antibodies to epstein-barr virus, herpes simplex type 1, cytomegalovirus and measles virus in psychiatric patients. | distribution of antibodies to herpes simplex type 1 (hsv1), epstein-barr virus (ebv), cytomegalovirus (cmv) and measles virus (mv) was studied in sera and cerebrospinal fluids (csf) of 41 patients with schizophrenia, 27 patients with primary affective disorders and 25 control patients with neurological diseases. no significant differences in distribution and mean geometric titers (gmt) of antibodies to hsv1 between the psychiatric and control groups were found. distribution and gmt of antibodies ... | 1981 | 6263228 |
| experimental studies of acute and recurrent herpes simplex virus infections in the murine heart and dorsal root ganglia. | the multiplication of hsv-1 and hsv-2 strains in the heart and the corresponding dorsal root ganglia (drg) was examined in experimentally infected mice. infectious hsv-1 was recovered from the heart between the second and fourth day after inoculation and 3 days later from the drg. both the heart and drg yielded infectious hsv-2 from the fourth to the twenty-first day after inoculation. the hsv-2, but not the hsv-1, induced recrudescent disease in chronically infected mice up to 18 months after i ... | 1981 | 6267190 |
| inhibition of purified human and herpes simplex virus-induced dna polymerases by 9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl)guanine triphosphate. effects on primer-template function. | the inhibition of highly purified herpes simplex virus (hsv)-induced and host cell dna polymerases by the triphosphate form of 9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl)guanine (acyclovir; acycloguanosine) was examined. acyclovir triphosphate (acyclo-gtp) competitively inhibited the incorporation of dgmp into dna, catalyzed by hsv dna polymerase; apparent km and ki values of dgtp and acyclo-gtp were 0.15 microm and 0.003 microm, respectively. hela dna polymerase alpha was also competitively inhibited; km and ki ... | 1981 | 6271750 |
| adenovirus late sequences linked to herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase may be introduced into eukaryotic cells and transcribed. | ltk-cells have been transformed to the tk+ phenotype by treatment with size-defined concatamers of hsv-1 tk dna and ad2 bam h1 c fragment (42.0 - 59.5 map units). all tk+ transformants contained ad2 dna as well as hsv-1 tk sequences. in most cases several inserts of virus dna were present, many in high copy numbers. although no ad2 transcription promoter was present in the transforming dna, ad2-specific sequences were detected in polyadenylated cytoplasmic rna species from several cell lines. | 1981 | 6273799 |
| virus inhibition assay for measurement of acyclovir levels in human plasma and urine. | a simple microplate virus inhibition assay which measures the levels of acyclovir in plasma and urine samples from patients was developed. the assay is based upon the inhibition of the cytopathic effect of herpes simplex virus type 1 on human fibroblast cells. the extent of inhibition of virus cytopathic effect, caused by dilutions of samples from patients, allowed determination of acyclovir concentrations to be made. the assay, which measured biological activity, could detect acyclovir levels o ... | 1981 | 6275786 |
| pathological findings of adenine arabinoside (ara-a) and cytarabine (ara-c) in the treatment of herpes simplex encephalitis in rabbit model. | the injection of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) into the vitreous body of the eye in the 18 day old albino rabbits consistently induced herpes encephalitis with 90% survival. in the untreated rabbits the lesions follow a defined anatomical pathway producing a progressive disease not dissimilar to the natural human disease in that hsv travels slowly by cell-to-cell infection of neuroglia. the effects of adenine arabinoside (ara-a) and cytarabine (ara-c) on hsv encephalitis in rabbit model we ... | 1982 | 6285819 |
| comparison of the in vitro and in vivo anti-herpes activities of 1-beta-d-arabinofuranosylthymine and its 5'-monophosphate. | in vitro and in vivo anti-herpes activities of 1-beta-d-arabinofuranosylthymine 5'-monophosphate (ara-tmp) were compared with those of 1-beta-d-arabinofuranosylthymine (ara-t). on a molar basis ara-tmp was almost as active as ara-t against six strains of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and type 2 (hsv-2) as monitored by a cytopathogenicity-inhibition and a plaque reduction assay in human embryonic lung fibroblast cells. when tested against experimental encephalitis in mice inoculated intrace ... | 1982 | 6293376 |
| identification and nucleotide sequences of two similar tandem direct repeats in epstein-barr virus dna. | epstein-barr virus dna is known to have partially homologous segments, designated dl and dr, near the left and right ends of the long unique region (raab-traub et al., cell 22:257-267, 1980). dl and dr are each partially composed of tandem direct repeat sequences. dl contains 11 to 14 repeats of a 124-base-pair sequence designated ir2. dr contains approximately 30 direct repeats of a 103-base-pair sequence designated ir4. the dl and dr sequences have colinear partial homology for approximately 2 ... | 1982 | 6294332 |
| deoxythymidine kinases in varicella-zoster virus infected and biochemically transformed cells. | deoxythymidine kinase (tk) activity induced in varicella-zoster virus (vzv)-infected human embryonic fibroblast (hef) cells was immunologically distinguishable from that in non infected hef cells and also from that in herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) infected hef cells. the tks in vzv-biochemically transformed cells were immunologically the same as that induced in vzv-infected human cells and immunologically different from that in ltk- cells or in hsv-biochemically transformed cells. one peak ... | 1982 | 6299267 |
| herpes simplex virus subunit vaccine: characterization of the virus strain used and testing of the vaccine. | herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) used for vaccine production was isolated from a nasal recurrent infection and propagated over a limited number of passages in human diploid cells only. it was designated as hsv-1 bw3 and has been characterized by neutralizing antibodies as a typical hsv type 1 strain. in vitro transformation studies performed with this isolate in mouse or hamster cells revealed only very low, if any, transforming capacity. a preparation of hsv-1 bw3 which can be used as seed l ... | 1982 | 6299841 |
| the development of retinitis in mice with nonfatal herpes simplex encephalitis. | a mutant strain of herpes simplex virus, type 1 (hsv1), selected for high resistance to acyclovir (acv) was inoculated intracerebrally into mice. the mice survived with no obvious neurological signs but developed cataracts within 4-8 weeks of inoculation. histological examination revealed only a mild encephalitis, but around 7 days after injection a florid, necrotizing, viral retinitis developed. there was almost simultaneous involvement of both eyes. inflammatory cell infiltration and early mye ... | 1982 | 7133314 |
| transfer of human globin genes to erythroleukemic mouse cells. | thymidine kinase negative (tk-) friend cells were transformed with recombinant molecules carrying human globin genes and the thymidine kinase gene of herpes simplex virus type 1 dna. transformation frequencies of 1 transformant/microgram donor dna/1 x 10(6) cells were obtained by standard procedures and this was increased 20- to 30-fold by treating recipient cells with dimethyl sulfoxide or glycerol. transformed cell lines expressed thymidine kinase activity of viral origin as determined by its ... | 1982 | 6325149 |
| human serum antibodies to varicella-zoster virus thymidine kinase. | the conditions required for the production of varicella-zoster virus (vsv)-induced deoxythymidine kinase (dtk) have been studied. extracts from vero cells harvested 62 h after vzv infection were found to contain vzv-induced dtk activity, with a minimal contribution from the cellular dtk activity. vzv dtk was shown to have a broad substrate specificity phosphorylating both deoxythymidine, deoxycytidine, and iododeoxyuridine. deoxythymidine triphosphate inhibition studies revealed an intermediate ... | 1982 | 6176544 |
| viral antigens act as helper determinants for antibody responses to cell surface antigens. | thy-1 alloantigens on murine thymus cells are weak immunogens in vivo for pfc responses in the absence of other antigenic disparities between the donor and recipient. our previous work showed that non-h-2 alloantigens acted as helper determinants to augment anti-thy-1 pfc responses. in this report we demonstrate that strong helper antigens are also produced by infection of donor thymus cells with viruses such as hsv-1, ndv, or vaccinia. this helper effect (as much as 30-fold) for a cellular anti ... | 1982 | 6177775 |
| high efficiency latency and activation of herpes simplex virus in human cells. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) exists in humans in a latent form that can be activated. to characterize the molecular basis of the cell-virus interactions and to analyze the state of the latent hsv genome, an in vitro model system was established. in this system a large fraction of the latently infected cells contain an hsv genome that can be activated. cell survival was reduced minimally after repression of high multiplicity hsv type 1 (hsv-1) infection of human fibroblast cells with (e)-5-(2-bromo ... | 1982 | 6180477 |
| characterization of eukaryotic transcriptional control signals by assay of herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase. | we describe the characteristics of a general assay for eukaryote transcription-control sequences using the herpes simplex virus (hsv) thymidine kinase (tk) gene. after transfection of cultured cells with tk-containing recombinant plasmids, two assays were used to measure gene expression: short term or transient levels of tk mrna and tk enzyme activity, and the rate of biochemical transformation from a tk- to a tk+ phenotype in selective growth medium (hat). deletion of the endogenous tk promoter ... | 1983 | 6319553 |
| cytomegalovirus antigen within human arterial smooth muscle cells. | arterial tissues from carotid artery plaques or from punch-biopsy samples of uninvolved areas of the aorta were removed from 132 patients with atherosclerosis during blood-vessel surgery. cells morphologically identical to smooth muscle cells were cultured from 26 to 126 plaque samples and from 6 of 6 punch-biopsy samples. immunofluorescence tests of these cells showed that more than 25% of the cell cultures from both types of sample contained antigens of human cytomegalovirus (cmv) but not of h ... | 1983 | 6136795 |
| correlation between low natural killing of fibroblasts infected with herpes simplex virus type 1 and susceptibility to herpesvirus infections. | natural killer cells capable of lysing herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1)-infected fibroblasts were studied in three groups of patients unusually susceptible to severe herpes-virus infections. cord blood was evaluated because of the known susceptibility of neonates to disseminated infections due to herpes simplex virus type 2 at birth. only 30% of the cord blood specimens tested demonstrated normal lysis of hsv-1-infected fibroblasts and a normal increment in the lysis of infected over uninfect ... | 1983 | 6304202 |
| herpes simplex virus and human cancer. iii. search for relationship of herpes simplex antibodies and cervical dysplasia and labial neoplasia. | we employed the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa), indirect hemagglutination (iha), and complement fixation (cf) methods to measure antibody titer to herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and type 2 (hsv-2) in patients affected by labial tumors or cervical dysplasias. no relationship of antibody titer to hsv-1 and labial tumors was detected by any of the three methods. association between antibody titer to hsv-2 and cervical dysplasias was revealed by iha (p less than 0.05) and elisa (p le ... | 1983 | 6304957 |
| specific herpes simplex virus antigen in human gingiva. | herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) specific antigens were found to be present in the sulcular epithelial cells of patients that were undergoing periodontal treatment. four out of 14 cases were positive to specific hsv-1 antigen, as demonstrated by the indirect immunofluorescent assay. no nuclear staining was seen in any epithelial cells. these observations seem to indicate that the viral genome resides in the sulcular epithelial cells of the gingiva and is possibly localized in the stratum gran ... | 1983 | 6308203 |
| detection of antibodies to herpes simplex virus with a continuous cell line expressing cloned glycoprotein d. | the gene for glycoprotein d of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) was expressed in stable mammalian cell lines. glycoprotein d produced in these cells has a number of antigenic determinants in common with the native glycoprotein. cell lines expressing glycoprotein d were used in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect human antibodies to glycoprotein d. this strategy should prove useful in determining the extent to which the immune response to hsv-1 is directed toward glycoprotein d. | 1983 | 6312563 |
| herpes simplex encephalitis. immunohistological demonstration of spread of virus via olfactory pathways in mice. | six-week-old balb/c mice were inoculated intranasally with a suspension of hsv1 virus and the distribution of viral antigen in the brain 3-7 days later was surveyed using the immunoperoxidase technique. virus was first detectable in the brain 4 days later at 2 distinct sites: the trigeminal root entry zone in the brain stem and the olfactory bulbs. on succeeding days virus spread from the trigeminal focus to many other brain stem nuclei and, in some mice, to the thalamus and the cerebellum. from ... | 1983 | 6313868 |
| efficacy and selectivity of some nucleoside analogs as anti-human cytomegalovirus agents. | 1-(2'-deoxy-2'-fluoro-beta-d-arabinofuranosyl)-5-iodocytosine (fiac), 1-(2'-deoxy-2'-fluoro-beta-d-arabinofuranosyl)-5-methyluridine (fmau), 1-(2'-deoxy-2'-fluoro-beta-d-arabinofuranosyl)-5-iodouridine (fiau), and 1-(2'-deoxy-2'-fluoro-beta-d-arabinofuranosyl)-5-ethyluridine (feau) were evaluated for antiviral activities against human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) and compared with 9-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl]guanine (acyclovir) and e-5-(2'-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine (bvdu). the relative anti-hcmv pote ... | 1983 | 6316843 |
| analysis of the herpes simplex virus genome during in vitro latency in human diploid fibroblasts and rat sensory neurons. | we have previously designed in vitro model systems to characterize the herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) genome during in vitro virus latency. latency was established by treatment of infected human embryo lung fibroblast (hel-f) cells or rat fetal neurons with (e)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine and human leukocyte interferon and was maintained by increasing the incubation temperature after inhibitor removal. virus was reactivated by reducing the incubation temperature. we have now examined t ... | 1984 | 6317890 |
| more rapid isolation of herpes simplex virus in a continuous line of mink lung cells than in vero or human fibroblast cells. | herpes simplex virus (hsv) was isolated from clinical specimens more rapidly in mink lung (ml) cells, a continuous cell line available from a commercial supplier, than in vero cells or human fibroblast (hf) cells. stock strains of hsv type 1 (hsv-1) and hsv-2 titered higher in ml cells than in vero or hf cells. ml cells were equivalent to rabbit kidney (rk) cells in the isolation of hsv in clinical specimens, but titers of stock hsv strains were lower. ml cells could be employed to type strains ... | 1984 | 6091988 |
| the antiviral spectrum of (e)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine. | the antiviral activity spectrum of (e)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine (bvdu) is not restricted to herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and varicella-zoster virus (vzv) but also encompasses several other herpesviruses such as suid herpesvirus type 1 (shv-1), bovid herpesvirus type 1 (bhv-1), simian varicella virus (svv), herpesvirus saimiri, herpesvirus platyrrhinae, and the baculovirus trichoplusia ni multiple nuclear polyhedrosis virus. other herpesviruses such as herpes simplex virus type 2, ... | 1984 | 6092320 |
| bk virus-plasmid expression vector that persists episomally in human cells and shuttles into escherichia coli. | we describe a novel expression vector, pbk tk-1, that persists episomally in human cells that can be shuttled into bacteria. this vector includes sequences from bk virus (bkv), the thymidine kinase (tk) gene of herpes simplex virus type 1, and plasmid pml-1. tk+-transformed hela and 143 b cells contained predominantly full-length episomes. there were typically 20 to 40 (hela) and 75 to 120 143 b vector copies per cell, although some 143 b transformants contained hundreds. low-molecular-weight dn ... | 1984 | 6092918 |
| isolation of human dnas homologous to the bamhi-z fragment of herpes simplex virus type 1 dna. | human dna hybridizes with the bamhi-z fragment (map coordinates 0.936 to 0.949) of herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) dna. to characterize the bamhi-z homologue of human dna, we isolated six independent hybrid phages with a sequence homologous to the bamhi-z fragment from a human genomic dna library. three of the six had a common 1.2-kb bamhi-ecori fragment homologous to the bamhi-z, and this fragment existed as 10-60 copies per human haploid genome. a 0.29-kb mboii segment of the bamhi-z fragm ... | 1984 | 6098540 |
| inappropriate peripheral blood lymphocyte responses to herpes viruses in patients with behçet's syndrome. | specific antibody production and the proliferative response of peripheral blood lymphocytes (pbls) to a variety of viruses, including herpes simplex virus-type-1 (hsv-1) and varicella zoster (vz), were studied in 7 patients with behçet's syndrome. none of the patients produced an antibody response against hsv-1 or vz. furthermore, none of the patients showed a proliferative response to vz, and three of them also failed to mount a response to hsv-1. these results suggest that the pbls of patients ... | 1984 | 6098552 |
| novel codon utilization within the vaccinia virus thymidine kinase gene. | the nucleotide and predicted amino acid sequences of the thymidine kinase genes encoded by vaccinia virus and herpes simplex virus (type 1) were analyzed, and there was no evidence of any significant homology. the manner in which the triplet code was used by each virus was also examined. the frequencies of codon utilization by the herpes virus gene were very similar to those used by most human genes, whereas the vaccinia virus gene was quite distinct, suggesting novel evolutionary and regulatory ... | 1984 | 6099662 |
| effects of herpes simplex virus strains on human fibroblast and lymphocyte chromosomes and the localization of chromosomal aberrations. | the effects on human chromosomes of types 1, 2 and of intermediate serotype of herpes simplex virus (hsv) was compared in fibroblast and lymphocyte cultures. the karyological changes due to hsv were shown to depend on the serotype used as well as on the kind of cells examined (agent-specificity and cell-reaction specificity). differences were noted among the strains in relation to the degree and character of the aberrations induced. conventional giemsa staining and the trypsin g-banding techniqu ... | 1984 | 6145351 |
| glycoprotein c of herpes simplex virus 1 acts as a receptor for the c3b complement component on infected cells. | receptors for the fc portion of immunoglobulins or for the third component of complement (c3) are present on a variety of circulating and fixed tissue cells including granulocytes, monocytes, lymphocytes and glomerular epithelial cells. cells which lack fc receptors may express them after infection by herpes simplex virus (hsv)-1, hsv-2, cytomegalovirus or varicella zoster virus. we recently reported that infection by hsv-1 induces both fc and c3 receptors on human endothelial cells. glycoprotei ... | 1984 | 6328323 |
| human interferon alpha a or alpha d and trifluridine treatment for herpetic keratitis in rabbits. | recombinant human interferon (ifn) alpha a and alpha d combined with 1% trifluridine ophthalmic solution gave beneficial results when applied topically at a dose of 1 x 10(6) u per eye four times a day commencing 4 hr after eyes were inoculated with herpes simplex virus (hsv-1). acute herpetic keratitis was suppressed by trifluridine alone and the combined therapies, but the high-titered interferon preparations, alone, had little effect. duration of hsv-1 shedding into tear film during topical t ... | 1984 | 6423563 |
| human cytotoxic t cell clones directed against herpes simplex virus-infected cells. i. lysis restricted by hla class ii mb and dr antigens. | in contrast to general findings that mouse and human cytotoxic t lymphocytes (ctl) are restricted in cytotoxic activity by major histocompatibility complex (mhc) class i antigens, we previously found that some herpes simplex virus (hsv) type i-infected cells that shared no hla class i antigens with the hsv-1-stimulated lymphocytes were lysed. in this study, we addressed the question of the role of hla antigens in human t cell-mediated lysis of hsv-1-infected cells by generating clones of hsv-1-d ... | 1984 | 6609990 |
| recovery of herpes simplex virus genetic information from human trigeminal ganglion cells following superinfection with herpes simplex virus type 2 temperature-sensitive mutants. | explant cultures of human trigeminal ganglia were derived from 36 individuals. those cultures which failed to release herpes simplex virus (hsv) spontaneously were superinfected at various times after establishment in vitro with a range of hsv-2 temperature-sensitive (ts) mutants. eight cultures from six individuals contained hsv-specific genetic information which could be detected or rescued following superinfection. restriction enzyme analysis of ts+ virus recovered from the ganglia of two ind ... | 1984 | 6319568 |
| construction of live vaccines using genetically engineered poxviruses: biological activity of vaccinia virus recombinants expressing the hepatitis b virus surface antigen and the herpes simplex virus glycoprotein d. | potential live vaccines using recombinant vaccinia viruses have been constructed for both hepatitis b and herpes simplex. these recombinant vaccinia viruses express cloned genes of the hepatitis b virus surface antigen (hbsag) or the glycoprotein d from herpes simplex virus (hsv-gd). the hbsag synthesized in vitro under the regulation of vaccinia virus is secreted from infected cells as a particle of approximately equal to 22 nm diameter with a density of 1.2 g/ml as determined on cscl gradients ... | 1984 | 6320164 |
| sphingolipid metabolism during infection of human fibroblasts by herpes simplex virus type 1. | results from several experiments support the view that sphingomyelin turnover and glycosphingolipid synthesis play a role in herpes simplex virus infection of cells in culture. inhibition of sphingomyelinase by phosphatidylcholine or by a synthetic ceramide, n-palmitoyl-dl-dihydrosphingosine, interferes substantially with virus reproduction as does a genetic defect in the enzyme (niemann-pick disease). in niemann-pick cells, yields of infectious virus are about 3% of the normal level. an inhibit ... | 1984 | 6321394 |
| herpes simplex virus type-selective enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with helix pomatia lectin-purified antigens. | helix pomatia lectin-purified antigens with specific reactivity to herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) and hsv-2 antibodies in human sera were used in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. the type specificity of the antigens was assessed by double immunodiffusion precipitation in gel against rabbit hsv-1 and hsv-2 hyperimmune sera, and by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with human reference sera containing antibodies to either type of hsv. fifty-two sera from patients with documented infectio ... | 1984 | 6321548 |
| human natural killer cell recognition of herpes simplex virus type 1 glycoproteins: specificity analysis with the use of monoclonal antibodies and antigenic variants. | the specificity of human natural killer (nk) cells for herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1)-infected wish cells was examined by using virus-specific antibodies to block nk killing and by using targets infected with virus variants that express antigenically altered cell surface glycoproteins. fab fragments of human immunoglobulin (ig) derived from an hsv-1 seropositive individual blocked nk activity against hsv-1-infected cells, whereas fab fragments from a seronegative individual had no effect. f ... | 1984 | 6206157 |
| synergistic activity of combinations of recombinant human alpha interferon and acyclovir, administered concomitantly and in sequence, against a lethal herpes simplex virus type 1 infection in mice. | the nucleoside analog acyclovir [9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl)guanine] and the hybrid recombinant human alpha interferon (rhuifn-alpha a/d) were evaluated in weanling mice for their efficacy alone and in combination against a lethal systemic infection with herpes simplex virus type 1. simultaneous parenteral treatment with combinations of both agents at various doses resulted in a higher percentage of survival than when either agent was administered alone, with a synergistic interaction demonstrated ... | 1985 | 4037769 |
| large macromolecules can be introduced into cultured mammalian cells using erythrocyte membrane vesicles. | plasmid 6.4 kbp dna, 14 kbp dna, lambda phage particles, all of which contained herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1) thymidine kinase (tk) gene, or igm molecules, were mixed with erythrocyte membranes and treated with neutral detergent. the transparent mixture was diluted with phosphate-buffered saline (pbs), followed by centrifugation to collect membrane vesicles containing the large macromolecules. 10-15% of 6.4 kbp, 3% of 14 kbp, 4-7% of the lambda phage particles and 14.5% of igm were trapped ... | 1985 | 3161750 |
| membrane markers, target cell specificity, and sensitivity to biological response modifiers distinguish human natural cytotoxic from human natural killer cells. | in the present report, we provide evidence for the distinct existence of a human natural cytotoxic (hnc) cell. this hnc cell can be identified by the monoclonal antibody hnc-1a3 and by the absence of the t10 antigen, other antigenic markers being shared, at least in part, with natural killer (nk) cells, t cells, or monocytes. in addition, the hnc cell preferentially kills the ma-160 target, the herpes simplex virus-1-infected ma-160 cell line, and the two human tumor cell lines hep-2 and hf-2. i ... | 1985 | 2932473 |
| binding site and subclass specificity of the herpes simplex virus type 1-induced fc receptor. | immunoglobulin fc-binding activity was detected by indirect immunofluorescence employing fluorochrome conjugated f(ab')2 antibody fragments on acetone-fixed cell cultures infected with herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv-1). using this method the fc receptor-like activity seemed to be restricted to the igg class of human immunoglobulins. while igg1, igg2, and igg4 myeloma proteins bind to this putative fc gamma receptor at a concentration of 0.002 mg/ml, igg3 myeloma proteins were without activity ... | 1985 | 2982735 |
| herpes simplex virus type 1 infection of endothelial, epithelial, and fibroblast cells induces a receptor for c3b. | we recently demonstrated that herpes simplex virus type 1 (hsv 1) induces a receptor on human umbilical vein endothelial cells for complement component c3b (c3br). we assigned this receptor function to hsv 1 viral glycoprotein c (gc) based on several observations: tunicamycin, which prevents glycosylation and expression of n-linked glycoproteins on the surface of infected cells, markedly reduced expression of the c3br; monoclonal antibodies to hsv 1 gc blocked detection of the c3br, whereas mono ... | 1985 | 2982950 |