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proteomic analysis of taenia hydatigena cyst fluid reveals unique internal microenvironment.taenia hydatigena is a parasitic flatworm that is widely distributed around the world. using ms/ms, the proteome of t. hydatigena cyst fluid (cf) was profiled and a total of 520 proteins were identified, 430 of which were of sheep origin. t. hydatigena shared 37 parasite-origin and 109 host-origin cf proteins with echinococcus granulosus. compared with e. granulosus, t. hydatigena had much more cf proteins associated with amino acid synthesis and complement cascades. in addition, glutamate metab ...201728837787
the impact of socio-cultural factors on transmission of taenia spp. and echinococcus granulosus in kosovo.echinococcus granulosus sensu latu (s.l.) and taenia hydatigena are common parasites of ruminant intermediate hosts in the balkans. transmission is linked mainly to home slaughtering and the feeding of infected organs to dogs. in kosovo, many old sheep are slaughtered particularly during eid al-adha (feast of sacrifice). to determine whether this tradition could affect parasite transmission, we compared the probability of 504 dogs to contract taenid infections after deworming during one period b ...201728799892
evaluation of microsatellites markers to discriminate four main taeniid tapeworms of dogs.echinococcus granulosus, taenia multiceps, taenia ovis and taenia hydatigena are among the most prevalent taeniid species of dogs. these tapeworms infect ruminant and humans as intermediate hosts and domestic/wild carnivores as the definitive hosts. molecular tools using hypervariable microsatellite regions might provide more information about parasite variation. highly variable and specific tools are needed for transmission tracking studies of canine echinococcosis as an essential element for i ...201728761491
road killed carnivores illustrate the status of zoonotic helminthes in caspian sea littoral of iran.carnivore carcasses on the roads can be regarded as study materials in parasitology and eco-epidemiology. stray carnivores such as dogs and cats are known to harbor so many different pathogens like zoonotic helminthes. the current investigation, apparent the status of the helminthic parasites found in road killed carnivores from different parts of guilan province north of iran.201728761483
epidemiological survey and phylogenetic characterization of cysticercus tenuicollis isolated from tibetan pigs in tibet, china.cysticercus tenuicollis, commonly known as "water bell," is a larva of taenia hydatigena, which is the most significant parasite of pigs. however, until now very few information is available regarding the prevalence and genetic characterization of the cysticercus tenuicollis in tibetan pigs. therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and phylogenetic analysis of cysticercus tenuicollis in tibetan pigs. for this purpose, the cox2 gene of cysticercus tenuicollis was amplifi ...201728607936
prevalence of echinococcosis and taenia hydatigena cysticercosis in slaughtered small ruminants at the livestock-wildlife interface areas of ngorongoro, tanzania.echinococcosis or hydatidosis (due to the larval stage of echinococcus spp.) and cysticercosis (due to the larval stage of taenia hydatigena) pose a significant economic losses due to slaughter condemnation and risk to public health in developing countries such as tanzania where sanitation is poor and people live in close proximity with each other and with animals. this study was conducted to determine the prevalence of and to identify the predisposing factors for echinococcosis and cysticercosi ...201728507413
survival, physical and physiological changes of taenia hydatigena eggs under different conditions of water stress.taenia hydatigena eggs were investigated for morphological and physiological changes under water stress conditions. fresh eggs were exposed at 31%, 47% and 89% of relative humidity (rh), and survival, size and ultrastructural changes were accounted up to 365 days of exposition. the article shows how each rh environment affects the vitality of the eggs. results of this study suggest that t. hydatigena eggs have mechanisms to withstand water stress, indicating that the eggs clustering improves pro ...201728450049
tspka-r: a potential immunodiagnostic antigen for the detection of porcine cysticercosis.cysticercosis, caused by metacestodes of taenia solium, has a significant soci-economic impact and is of considerable importance in public health. however, there are no specific diagnostic antigens to distinguish between t. solim and taenia hydatigena. in the present study, camp-dependent protein kinase regulatory subunit (tspka-r), an excretory/secretary (es) antigen of t. solium, was used to establish a specific and sensitive diagnostic tool for detection of porcine cysticercosis. the full-len ...201728359828
italian wolves (canis lupus italicus altobello, 1921) and molecular detection of taeniids in the foreste casentinesi national park, northern italian apennines.after centuries of massive decline, the recovery of the wolf (canis lupus italicus) in italy is a typical conservation success story. to learn more about the possible role of parasites in the wolves' individual and population health and conservation we used non-invasive molecular approaches on fecal samples to identify individual wolves, pack membership, and the taeniids present, some of which are zoonotic. a total of 130 specimens belonging to 54 wolves from eight packs were collected and exami ...201728180084
helminth parasites of wild boars, sus scrofa, in bushehr province, southwestern iran.wild boars, sus scrofa, of wide distribution considered as a potential source of zoonotic parasites. the current study aimed to assess the prevalence of helminth infections in wild boars in the persian gulf coastal area (bushehr province), southwestern iran.028127344
detection of echinococcus granulosus and echinococcus ortleppi in bhutan.in this pilot study, fecal samples were collected from community dogs around slaughterhouses and from the city of thimphu (n=138) as well as from carnivores in the forest area around a farm in bhutan (n=28). samples were analyzed microscopically for the presence of taeniid eggs by the floatation and sieving method. further molecular analyses of 20 samples of community dogs positive for taeniid eggs confirmed 10 echinococcus granulosus sensu lato and one taenia hydatigena case. from 14 environmen ...201728025118
reprint of "echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto (s.s.) from the critically endangered antelope addax nasomaculatus in tunisia".echinococcus granulosus sensu lato (s.l.) is a zoonotic disease highly endemic in tunisia. canids including stray and semi-stray dogs, jackals and foxes are known as definitive hosts and a wide range of ungulates have been shown to harbour the metacestode hydatid stage and may serve as intermediate hosts. fertile hydatid cysts of echinococcus equinus and e. granulosus sensu stricto (s.s.) were recently molecularly identified for the first time from tunisian donkeys. e. granulosus (s.s.) was also ...201727887695
taenia hydatigena in pigs in burkina faso: a cross-sectional abattoir study.taenia hydatigena is a non-zoonotic cestode that has canines as definitive hosts and ruminants and pigs as intermediate hosts. in pigs, its presence causes cross-reactivity in serological testing for taenia solium cysticercosis. therefore, knowledge on the occurrence of t. hydatigena is paramount for validly estimating the seroprevalence of t. solium cysticercosis in pigs. in a cross-sectional abattoir study, we estimated the prevalence of t. hydatigena in pigs slaughtered in koudougou, burkina ...201627884445
gastrointestinal helminths of coyotes (canis latrans) from southeast nebraska and shenandoah area of iowa.this survey was carried out on the carcasses of 29 coyotes from southeastern nebraska and shenandoah area of iowa to document the helminths present in the intestinal track of these carnivorous animals.201627733798
detection of taeniid (taenia spp., echinococcus spp.) eggs contaminating vegetables and fruits sold in european markets and the risk for metacestode infections in captive primates.due to frequent cases of alveolar echinococcosis (ae) in captive primates in europe, 141 samples of food, which consisting of vegetables and fruits, were investigated for contamination with egg-dna of taeniids. each sample consisted of at least 40 heads of lettuce as well as various vegetables and fruits. the samples were purchased at different times of the year: either from september to november (autumn), originating from greenhouses or fields in the basel region in the north of switzerland, or ...201627556010
a systematic review on the global occurrence of taenia hydatigena in pigs and cattle.taenia hydatigena, a non-zoonotic tapeworm species shares the same intermediate hosts with other taenia zoonotic species, such as taenia solium in pigs and taenia saginata in cattle. the occurrence of t. hydatigena in pigs and cattle may cause cross-reactions in immunodiagnostic tests and therefore, complicate the diagnosis of the zoonotic species. this study was conducted to systematically review the data on the prevalence of t. hydatigena in pigs and cattle, with the aim to assess the potentia ...201627514893
swine cysticercosis in the karangasem district of bali, indonesia: an evaluation of serological screening methods.a serological assessment was undertaken on pigs from the kubu and abang sub-districts of karangasem on the island of bali, indonesia, where earlier studies had detected patients with cysticercosis. antigens purified from taenia solium cyst fluid by cation-exchange chromatography were used to evaluate antibody responses in the pigs and the serological tests were also evaluated using sera from pigs experimentally infected with t. solium eggs. a total of 392 serum samples from naturally exposed pig ...201627480240
systematic review and meta-analysis of metacestodes prevalence in small ruminants in ethiopia.metacestodes, the larval stages of canid cestode parasites, are among the causes of morbidity, mortality and financial losses in small ruminants in ethiopia as a result of organ and carcass condemnation at slaughter. several studies have been conducted over the years; however, these studies often had limited scope and coverage. this systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to collate the information so far available in order to provide a pooled prevalence estimate at national level and ...201627317327
hematological and serological investigation of dogs during experimental echinococcosis.to study the hematological findings of dogs infected with echinococcosis and the possibility of using in vitro reared echinococcus granulosus excretory-secretory antigen (es-ag) as a reagent for serological diagnosis of canine echinococcosis.201627188893
a pipeline for differential proteomics in unsequenced species.shotgun proteomics experiments often take the form of a differential analysis, where two or more samples are compared against each other. the objective is to identify proteins that are either unique to a specific sample or a set of samples (qualitative differential proteomics), or that are significantly differentially expressed in one or more samples (quantitative differential proteomics). however, the success depends on the availability of a reliable protein sequence database for each sample. t ...201627089233
high-resolution melting analysis (hrm) for differentiation of four major taeniidae species in dogs taenia hydatigena, taenia multiceps, taenia ovis, and echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto.tapeworms of the genus taenia include several species of important parasites with considerable medical and veterinary significance. accurate identification of these species in dogs is the prerequisite of any prevention and control program. here, we have applied an efficient method for differentiating four major taeniid species in dogs, i.e., taenia hydatigena, t. multiceps, t. ovis, and echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto. high-resolution melting (hrm) analysis is simpler, less expensive, and ...201627008188
generation and characterization of monoclonal antibodies specific for 18 kda antigen from taenia solium cysticerci.the gene encoding a mature 18 kda glycoprotein of taenia solium cysticerci (ts18) was cloned and bacterially expressed with a his-tagged fusion protein. monoclonal antibodies (mabs) against the recombinant ts18 antigen were generated in vitro by routine murine hybridoma technique of fusing splenocytes, from balb/c mice immunized with the vesicular fluid of t. solium cysticerci (tsvf), with mouse myeloma cells (sp2/0). the reactivity and specificity of these mabs were evaluated by indirect elisa ...201626993086
echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto (s.s.) from the critically endangered antelope addax nasomaculatus in tunisia.echinococcus granulosus sensu lato (s.l.) is a zoonotic disease highly endemic in tunisia. canids including stray and semi-stray dogs, jackals and foxes are known as definitive hosts and a wide range of ungulates have been shown to harbour the metacestode hydatid stage and may serve as intermediate hosts. fertile hydatid cysts of echinococcus equinus and e. granulosus sensu stricto (s.s.) were recently molecularly identified for the first time from tunisian donkeys. e. granulosus (s.s.) was also ...201526314229
a preliminary investigation into the genetic variation and population structure of taenia hydatigena from sardinia, italy.cysticercosis caused by the metacestode stage of taenia hydatigena is endemic in sardinia. information on the genetic variation of this parasite is important for epidemiological studies and implementation of control programs. using two mitochondrial genes, the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) and the nadh dehydrogenase subunit 1 (nd1) we investigated the genetic variation and population structure of cysticercus tenuicollis from sardinian intermediate hosts and compared it to that from other ...201526296591
the taruca (hippocamelus antisensis) and the red brocket deer (mazama americana) as intermediate hosts of taenia hydatigena in peru, morphological and molecular evidence.in the present report metacestodes were collected from the mesentery of a taruca (hippocamelus antisensis) and from the omentum of a red brocket deer (mazama americana) in peru. various metacestodes parameters, including rostellar hook characteristics, were measured. molecular analysis was performed to amplify the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene from metacestode isolates. metacestodes were identified as t. hydatigena by morphology and molecular methods. this constitutes the fir ...201526277568
taenia hydatigena cysticercosis in slaughtered pigs, goats, and sheep in tanzania.few studies have been carried out in africa to estimate the prevalence of taenia hydatigena. with the aim to determine the prevalence of t. hydatigena in slaughtered pigs and small ruminants (goats and sheep) in mbeya, tanzania, two cross-sectional surveys were carried out investigating pigs in april to may 2014 and small ruminants in september 2012. in total, 243 pigs were examined post-mortem for t. hydatigena cysts which were found in 16 (6.6 %) pigs. the majority (80 %) of cysts were found o ...201526210397
echinococcus granulosus sensu lato and taenia hydatigena in pig in southern brazil.this study aimed to identify the parasitical etiologic agents of visceral cysts in pigs from the central/northern region of rio grande do sul state, brazil. fifty-eight cysts were found in livers during veterinary inspection of swine slaughtered from january 2008 to 2012. collected samples were submitted to macroscopic and molecular analyzes. polymerase chain reaction (pcr), dna sequencing and blast alignment of sequences was used to molecular characterization of the samples. by pcr 10.3% (6/58) ...201526154965
an epidemiological survey on intestinal helminths of stray dogs in mashhad, north-east of iran.this research was conducted to determine the prevalence of gastrointestinal helminths in stray dogs in the northeast of iran, with special attention to those parasites that can be transmitted to human. in this experiment, a total of 72 adult and 18 juvenile stray dogs were collected and necropsied for the presence of helminth parasites from october 2011 to august 2012. the overall prevalence of gastrointestinal helminths was 86 % (95 % ci: 79.2-92.8 %). the observed helminths of the gastrointest ...201526064015
the occurrence of taeniids of wolves in liguria (northern italy).canids are definitive hosts of taenia and echinococcus species, which infect a variety of mammals as intermediate or accidental hosts including humans. parasite transmission is based on domestic, semi-domestic and wildlife cycles; however, little is known of the epidemiological significance of wild large definitive hosts such as the wolf. in this study, 179 scats of wolves (canis lupus italicus) collected throughout the italian region of liguria were analyzed for the detection of taeniid infecti ...201526042204
dissemination of parasites by animal movements in small ruminant farms.the present paper discusses the spread of parasites by animal movements in small ruminant farms; it focuses in dissemination of parasitic forms that would lead to subsequent infection of sheep or goats. systems of small ruminant production involve a component of animal movement (e.g., grazing) as part of routine husbandry, which favors spread of parasitic forms; that refers mainly to parasites of the digestive system (nematodes, trematodes, cestodes, protozoa), as well as helminthes of the respi ...201526012856
epidemiological updates and economic losses due to taenia hydatigena in sheep from sardinia, italy.the aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiology and transmission of taenia hydatigena in sheep and dogs from sardinia and the economic estimation of losses due to this metacestodosis in lambs. a total of 7781 sarda breed lambs were examined at abattoirs for the detection of cysticercus tenuicollis or necrotic-haemorrhagic tracks of their migration. morphological and molecular identification of parasites was carried out. individual faecal samples from 300 dogs were examined for copromic ...201525968992
partial protection and abomasal cytokine expression in sheep experimentally infected with haemonchus contortus and pre-treated with taenia hydatigena vesicular concentrate.the abomasal expression of il-2, il-4, il-6, il-10 and ifnγ in lambs experimentally infected with haemonchus contortus and its relationship to protection induced by a taenia hydatigena larvae vesicular concentrate (thlvc) were evaluated. the lambs that were only infected with h. contortus larvae showed a worm burden greater (p<0.05) than the lambs that received thlvc prior to infection. moreover, the lambs that received thlvc showed a greater (p<0.05) number of blood eosinophils than the lambs t ...201525959643
epidemiological study of gastrointestinal helminthes of canids in chaharmahal and bakhtiari province of iran.the present study was carried out to describe the epidemiological aspects of gastrointestinal helminthic infections of canids in chaharmahal and bakhtiari province, the central western part of iran.201725848396
prevalence and morphological characterisation of cysticercus tenuicollis (taenia hydatigena cysts) in sheep and goat from north india.taenia hydatigena is an adult parasite of dogs with the metacestode (cysticercus tenuicollis) stage residing in ruminants and pigs. documentation and surveillance data concerning to the prevalence and risk factors associated with the disease in india is largely lacking. in this experiment, 3,199 carcasses, including 760 sheep and 2,439 goat were examined for the presence of c. tenuicollis (t. hydatigena cysts) on post-mortem inspection at different slaughter houses/shops in northern india. morph ...201525698866
temporal fluctuations in the sero-prevalence of taenia solium cysticercosis in pigs in mbeya region, tanzania.porcine cysticercosis is an emerging agricultural problem in sub-saharan africa. this has been documented primarily through cross-sectional studies, however detailed knowledge of the transmission dynamics of this disease in sub-saharan africa is lacking. this study aims to describe seasonal variations in sero-prevalence of antigen elisa positive porcine cysticercosis in an endemic area.201425471610
a comparative evaluation of hematological, biochemical and pathological changes among infected sheep with cysticercus tenuicollis and non-infected control group.cysticercus tenuicollis, the metacestode stage of taenia hydatigena are responsible for a high degree of morbidity and mortality in livestocks. this study was performed in order to investigate the variations of blood parameters (hematological and biochemical) and pathological changes in 50 sheep infected with c. tenuicollis in comparison with 50 non-infected control group. the blood samples were taken from the sheep that were slaughtered in the kerman slaughterhouse. blood and sera samples were ...201425320492
spermatological characteristics of the genus taenia inferred from the ultrastructural study on taenia hydatigena.the present study attempts to establish the sperm ultrastructure baseline for taenia hydatigena, which is essential for the future research on the location of specific proteins involved in spermatogenesis in this species. thus, the ultrastructural organisation of the mature spermatozoon is described by means of transmission electron microscopy. live tapeworms were obtained from an experimentally infected dog in the department of pathology and public health of the agronomic and veterinary institu ...201525320046
red foxes (vulpes vulpes) and wild dogs (dingoes (canis lupus dingo) and dingo/domestic dog hybrids), as sylvatic hosts for australian taenia hydatigena and taenia ovis.foxes (n = 499), shot during vertebrate pest control programs, were collected in various sites in the australian capital territory (act), new south wales (nsw) and western australia (wa). wild dogs (dingoes (canis lupus dingo) and their hybrids with domestic dogs) (n = 52) captured also as part of vertebrate pest control programs were collected from several sites in the act and nsw. the intestine from each fox and wild dog was collected, and all taenia tapeworms identified morphologically were c ...201425161904
the prevalence and distribution of gastrointestinal parasites of stray and refuge dogs in four locations in india.a gastrointestinal parasite survey of 411 stray and refuge dogs sampled from four geographical and climactically distinct locations in india revealed these animals to represent a significant source of environmental contamination for parasites that pose a zoonotic risk to the public. hookworms were the most commonly identified parasite in dogs in sikkim (71.3%), mumbai (48.8%) and delhi (39.1%). in ladakh, which experiences harsh extremes in climate, a competitive advantage was observed for paras ...201425139393
acute visceral cysticercosis by taenia hydatigena in lambs and treatment with praziquantel.an acute outbreak of taenia hydatigena cysticercosis, causing mortality in 5 of 21 (23.8%) female lambs, is reported. gross post-mortem examinations and histology showed cysticercus tenuicollis as the cause of death. biochemical parameters in infected lambs confirmed severe hepatitis. praziquantel, given once at 15 mg/kg body weight (bw), was administered and a dramatic improvement in the clinical condition and biochemical parameters was observed up to 30 days following treatment.201625120032
the parasitic fauna of the european bison (bison bonasus) (linnaeus, 1758) and their impact on the conservation. part 1. the summarising list of parasites noted.during the current century, 88 species of parasites have been recorded in bison bonasus. these are 22 species of protozoa (trypanosoma wrublewskii, t. theileri, giardia sp., sarcocystis cruzi, s. hirsuta, s. hominis, s. fusiformis, neospora caninum, toxoplasma gondii, cryptosporidium sp., eimeria cylindrica, e. subspherica, e. bovis, e. zuernii, e. canadensis, e. ellipsoidalis, e. alabamensis, e. bukidnonensis, e. auburnensis, e. pellita, e. brasiliensis, babesia divergens), 4 trematodes species ...201425119348
environmental conditions predict helminth prevalence in red foxes in western australia.red foxes (vulpes vulpes) are the most common and widely distributed wild carnivore worldwide. these predators harbour a wide range of parasites, many of which may have important conservation, agricultural and zoonotic repercussions. this project investigated the occurrence of helminth parasites from the intestines of 147 red foxes across 14 sampling localities of southwest western australia. helminth parasites were detected in 58% of fox intestines: dipylidium caninum (27.7% of foxes), uncinari ...201324533331
taeniid species of the iberian wolf (canis lupus signatus) in portugal with special focus on echinococcus spp.taeniid species represent relevant pathogens in human and animals, circulating between carnivorous definitive hosts and a variety of mammalian intermediate hosts. in portugal, however, little is known about their occurrence and life cycles, especially in wild hosts. an epidemiological survey was conducted to clarify the role of the iberian wolf as a definitive host for taeniid species, including echinococcus spp. wolf fecal samples (n = 68) were collected from two regions in northern portugal. t ...201324533315
rapid detection of echinococcus species by a high-resolution melting (hrm) approach.high-resolution melting (hrm) provides a low-cost, fast and sensitive scanning method that allows the detection of dna sequence variations in a single step, which makes it appropriate for application in parasite identification and genotyping. the aim of this work was to implement an hrm-pcr assay targeting part of the mitochondrial cox1 gene to achieve an accurate and fast method for echinococcus spp. differentiation.201324517106
hematological, biochemical and pathological findings in goats naturally infection with cysticercus tenuicollis.in iran, cysticercus tenuicollis, the metacestode stage of taenia hydatigena is endemic. the migration of this parasite causes traumatic hepatitis and death in young animals. the objective of this work was to evaluate hematological, biochemical and pathological findings in 50 goats infected with c. tenuicollis in comparison with 50 non-infected goats, as control group. this study was carried out as case-control. blood and liver samples were taken from the goats, analyzed for hematology and bioch ...201424505181
endoparasites of stray dogs in mashhad, khorasan razavi province, northeast iran with special reference to zoonotic parasites.to find out different species of helminthes and blood/tissue protozoan parasites of stray dogs and their potential role for transmission of zoonotic species to human in mashhad, khorasan razavi province, northeast iran, during 2008-2009.201324454441
data on the parasitological status of golden jackal (canis aureus l., 1758) in hungary.in hungary, twenty canis aureus individuals were submitted to parasitological examinations in 2010-2012. two coccidia: cystoisospora canis (15%) and toxoplasma-type oocysts (5%), one trematoda: alaria alata (10%), six cestoda: mesocestoides lineatus (20%), echinococcus granulosus (10%), dipylidium caninums (5%), taenia hydatigena (15%), taenia pisiformis (20%), taenia crassiceps (40%), and nine nematoda: angiostrongylus vasorum (10%), crenosoma vulpis (30%), capillaria aerophila (5%), toxocara c ...201424334089
helminths of the black bear in quebec.twenty-one complete carcasses of black bears, ursus americanus , together with 34 intestinal tracts, 86 diaphragms and 168 faecal droppings collected between june, 1971 and november, 1972 in the province of quebec were examinel for helminths. species found and their prevalence were as follows: dirofilaria ursi in 57%; uncinaria yukonensis in 6%; baylisascaris transfuga in 21%; larvae of trichinella spiralis in less than 1%; diphyllobothrium ursi in 36%; and taenia krabbei and taenia hydatigena i ...197724228968
[cystic echinococcosis and cysticerci of taenia hydatigena in cattle and sheep slaughtered in a van local slaughterhouse].the purpose of this study on cattle and sheep slaughtered in the van local slaughterhouse, in which some metacestodes were found (cysticercus tenuicollis, cyst hydatid), was to determine the status and the prevalence of these parasites which are still widely seen in various regions of turkey and to determine the distribution of internal organs.201324192620
molecular and morphological characterization of the tapeworm taenia hydatigena (pallas, 1766) in sheep from iran.although taenia hydatigena is one of the most prevalent taeniid species of livestock, very little molecular genetic information exists for this parasite. up to 100 sheep isolates of t. hydatigena were collected from 19 abattoirs located in the provinces of tehran, alborz and kerman. a calibrated microscope was used to measure the larval rostellar hook lengths. following dna extraction, fragments of cytochrome c oxidase 1 (co1) and 12s rrna genes were amplified by the polymerase chain reaction me ...201524103709
levels of infection of intestinal helminth species in the golden jackal canis aureus from serbia.during the past decade, golden jackal populations have substantially increased, yet little is known of their potential for transmitting parasites within animal and human hosts. in the present study, between 2005 and 2010, 447 jackals from six localities in serbia were examined for intestinal parasites. two species of trematodes (alaria alata, pseudamphistomum truncatum), three nematodes (toxocara canis, ancylostoma caninum, gongylonema sp.), and seven cestodes (taenia pisiformis, taenia hydatige ...201523941681
an immunoblot for detection of taenia saginata cysticercosis.control measures to prevent human infections with the food-borne zoonotic helminth taenia saginata are currently based on meat inspection, which shows rather low diagnostic sensitivity. to develop an immunoblot for detection of t. saginata-infected cattle, crude proteins of t. saginata cysts were extracted and separated with sds-page. the cyst antigens showed ten protein bands ranging from 260 to 14 kda. t. saginata cyst proteins 260, 150, 130, 67, 60, 55, 50, and 23 kda were immunoreactive with ...201323483261
effect of heat treatment on viability of taenia hydatigena eggs.effects of heat treatments on activation and infectivity of taenia hydatigena eggs were assessed. eggs containing oncospheres were used for in vitro and in vivo studies to determine the response to 5min of heat treatment, ranging from room temperature (22°c) to 60°c. the study demonstrated 99.47% and 100% reduction in oncosphere activation or infectivity after 5min of heat treatment at 60°c and 57.38°c under in vitro and in vivo conditions, respectively. similar results between the two approache ...201323333617
effect of ensilation of potato on viability of taenia hydatigena eggs.a taenia hydatigena model was used to assess the effect 0, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days of ensilation of minced potato on viability of tapeworm eggs. for infection of lambs, 2,000 t. hydatigena eggs were ensiled for 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days in minced potato at 22°c and fed to recently weaned lambs (29.9±0.76 kg). at slaughter, no cysticerci were recovered from lambs infected with eggs ensiled for 28 days while a mean of 5.0±5.0 cysticerci (0.25% of the initial egg dose) were recovered from lambs infec ...201323333590
the nuclear 18s ribosomal rna gene as a source of phylogenetic information in the genus taenia.most species of the genus taenia are of considerable medical and veterinary significance. in this study, complete nuclear 18s rrna gene sequences were obtained from seven members of genus taenia [taenia multiceps, taenia saginata, taenia asiatica, taenia solium, taenia pisiformis, taenia hydatigena, and taenia taeniaeformis] and a phylogeny inferred using these sequences. most of the variable sites fall within the variable regions, v1-v5. we show that sequences from the nuclear 18s ribosomal rna ...201323183704
specificity of a coproantigen elisa test for fasciolosis: lack of cross-reactivity with paramphistomum cervi and taenia hydatigena.a commercial coproantigen elisa test for fasciolosis, based on the use of mm3 monoclonal antibody for antigen capture, was investigated for possible cross-reactivity with paramphistomum cervi, a trematode that commonly infects cattle and sheep grazing in fluke-infested pasture in ireland. histological sections of adult and immature fasciola hepatica and p cervi were incubated with mm3 monoclonal antibody, and its binding to tissue-localised coproantigen was subsequently visualised by immunocytoc ...201223077134
a survey on endoparasites and ectoparasites of stray cats from mashhad (iran) and association with risk factors.as there appeared to be no data available on parasite infection of stray cats in the region and considering the potential threat of stray cats for animal and public health, the present study was carried out using biological samples and necropsy finding collected from cats captured in mashhad city in the northeast of iran. from a total 52 stray cats examined, 18 (34.6%) were male and 34 (65.4%) were female. ten species of endoparasites including helminthes and protozoa and two species of ectopara ...201123024505
a cross-sectional study of taenia solium in a multiple taeniid-endemic region reveals competition may be protective.we conducted cross-sectional surveys for taeniasis and cysticercosis in humans, pigs, and dogs in four northern provinces of laos. human cysticercosis and taeniasis prevalence was 2.2% (95% confidence interval [ci] = 1.4-3.0%) and 8.4% (95% ci = 6.9-9.9%), respectively. eating uncooked beef, being male, province of residence, age, and ethnicity were significant risk factors for taeniasis and only province of residence was a significant risk factor for cystiercosis. thirty-five human tapeworms we ...201222855759
molecular detection and characterization of goat isolate of taenia hydatigena in turkey.the aim of this study was to provide molecular detection and characterization of the goat isolate of taenia hydatigena from ankara province of turkey. for this purpose, pcr amplification of small subunit ribosomal rna (rrns) and partial sequencing of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (mt-co1) genes were performed in a one-month-old dead goat. according to rrns-pcr results, parasites were identified as taenia spp., and partial sequence of mt-co1 gene was corresponding to t. hydatigena. ...201222500144
helminth infections of stray dogs from garmsar, semnan province, central iran.the aim was to study the gastro-intestinal helminths of stray dogs of garmsar, semnan province, central iran, and its impacts on human health and animal production.201022347264
Genetic variation of the 8-kDa glycoprotein family from Echinococcus granulosus, Taenia multiceps and Taenia hydatigena.Echinococcosis, coenurosis and cysticercosis are debilitating diseases which prevail in China. Immunological diagnosis of metacestodosis is important in disease control. The 8-kDa glycoproteins from taeniid cestodes have successfully been used for diagnosis of human cysticercosis in immunological assays. The aim of the present study was to investigate genetic variations and phylogenetic relationships of the 8-kDa proteins for evaluating the possibility of utilizing these proteins as diagnostic a ...201122040491
seroepidemiological survey of helminthic parasites of stray dogs in sari city, northern iran.the objective of this study was to determine the prevalence rate of helminthic parasites in stray dogs' population especially zoonotic infections and to identify potential risk factors in the different areas of sari city in caspian area, north of iran. during the period from april to september 2007, 50 stray dogs were collected from urban areas of sari city. recovered parasites were fixed in alcohol and stained by carmine then observed by microscope. the taxonomic study was carried out by measur ...201121916265
sequence variability in two mitochondrial dna regions and internal transcribed spacer among three cestodes infecting animals and humans from china.sequence variability in two mitochondrial dna (mtdna) regions, namely cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) and nadh dehydrogenase subunit 4 (nad4), and internal transcribed spacer (its) of rdna among and within three cestodes, spirometra erinaceieuropaei, taenia multiceps and taenia hydatigena, from different geographical origins in china was examined. a portion of the cox1 (pcox1), nad4 genes (pnad4) and the its (its1+5.8s rdna+its2) were amplified separately from individual cestodes by polyme ...201121745429
molecular identification of taenia spp. in wolves (canis lupus), brown bears (ursus arctos) and cervids from north europe and alaska.taenia tapeworms of finnish and swedish wolves (canis lupus) and finnish brown bears (ursus arctos), and muscle cysticerci of svalbard reindeer (rangifer tarandus platyrhynchus), alaskan grant's caribou (rangifer tarandus granti) and alaskan moose (alces americanus) were identified on the basis of the nucleotide sequence of a 396bp region of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene. two species were found from wolves: taenia hydatigena and taenia krabbei. the cysticerci of reindeer, ...201121571090
gastrointestinal parasites and their prevalence in the arabian red fox (vulpes vulpes arabica) from the kingdom of saudi arabia.the gastrointestinal parasites and prevalence of infestation in the arabian red fox vulpes vulpes arabica thomas, were investigated at the king khalid wildlife research centre (kkwrc) in thumamah, riyadh province, saudi arabia. faecal samples were collected from 58 wild caught foxes while under anaesthesia and examined for gastrointestinal parasites stages. male and female foxes were infected with three major groups of parasites; cestodes, nematodes, protozoa as well as an acanthocephalan. faeca ...201121524855
an unusual migration of taenia hydatigena larvae in a lamb.the liver and lungs of an four month old, female dead lamb was referred to veterinary clinic of shahrekord, iran by a sheepherder due to outbreak of an unknown disease that caused four deaths in the livestock over a period of one week. post-mortem examination of the liver showed a massive infection of taenia hydatigena larvae. diffuse, spiral and haemorrhagic tracts made by migrating larvae were seen throughout the liver. large brown to red areas of haemorrhages also appeared on the liver cut su ...201021399607
a real-time multiplex-nested pcr system for coprological diagnosis of echinococcus multilocularis and host species.a hybridization probe-based real-time multiplex-nested pcr system was developed for the simultaneous detection of echinococcus multilocularis and host species directly from faecal samples. species identification was determined by melting curve analysis. specificity was assessed by using dna extracted from various cestodes (e. multilocularis, echinococcus granulosus (g1), echinococcus ortleppi, echinococcus canadensis (g6, g7), taenia crassiceps, taenia hydatigena, taenia mustelae, taenia pisifor ...201121327991
decrease in establishment of haemonchus contortus caused by inoculation of a taenia hydatigena larvae vesicular concentrate.the effect of taenia hydatigena larvae vesicular concentrate (thlvc) on the establishment of an experimental infection by haemonchus contortus was evaluated. the lambs that received thlvc showed a greater (p<0.05) average of blood eosinophils (be) than the lambs that did not receive thlvc. lambs that were only infected with h. contortus larvae showed a fecal egg count (fec) and an adult phase (ap) number greater (p<0.05) than lambs that received thlvc prior to infection. no effect was observed i ...201021216105
helminth infections of wild boars ( sus scrofa) in the bursa province of turkey.the present study aimed to investigate the status of helminth infections in wild boars in the bursa province of turkey. for this purpose, during 2007-2008, 27 wild boars were necropsied and examined for helminths. individual samples of tongue and diaphragm from 27 necropsied wild boars and an additional 22 tongue and diaphragm samples provided by hunters were examined by trichinoscopy and artificial digestion for trichinella spp. larvae. twenty animals (74%) were identified as being infected wit ...201021114894
principal intestinal parasites of dogs in tirana, albania.from 2004 to 2009, the digestive tracts of 111 dogs from suburban areas around tirana, albania, were examined for intestinal helminths. in addition, rectal faecal samples of all dogs were examined for protozoan infections and 48 faecal samples from dogs >6 months of age were processed with the baermann technique to test for the excretion of lungworm larvae. the heart and pulmonary arteries of 30 dogs >6 months of age also were examined for nematode parasites. the intestinal parasite fauna of the ...201020878182
a descriptive study of the occurrence and significance of lipids in taenia hydatigena eggs.the aim of this work was to investigate the lipid content of taenia hydatigena eggs and to evaluate the role of lipids in the maintenance of embryo viability. the total lipid content of the egg was 4.5% (w/w). five classes of neutral lipids were identified: esterified cholesterol, free cholesterol, triacylglycerols, diacylglycerols and free fatty acids. our results suggest that triacylglycerols play a key role in the maintenance of embryo viability. in addition, we found that t. hydatigena eggs ...201020056330
endoparasites of the coyote (canis latrans), a recent migrant to insular newfoundland.this study provides the first data on the helminth fauna of the coyote (canis latrans) in insular newfoundland. sixty-nine coyotes were collected between 2001 and 2003 and examined for helminths. a total of 10 helminth species were recorded: the cestodes taenia ovis krabbei (9%), taenia hydatigena (4%), taenia pisiformis (1%), and mesocestoides spp. (5%); and the nematodes toxocara canis (19%), toxascaris leonina (1%), crenosoma vulpis (19%), physaloptera rara (6%), uncinaria stenocephala (3%), ...200919901402
echinococcus granulosus and other intestinal helminths in semi-stray dogs in tunisia: infection and re-infection rates.assessing the baseline prevalence and the re-infection rate of e. granulosus and other cestodes in dogs is important for a control program based on regular dog dosing treatment with praziquantel mainly to young rural dogs.200819472727
abdominal cysticercosis in a cynomolgus monkey.cysticercus tenuicollis, the larval form of taenia hydatigena, was observed in a 5-year-old male cynomolgus monkey used in a toxicity study for a safety assessment of a pharmaceutical. the animal was born and raised in a primate colony in china. a pale yellow cyst filled with more than 100ml of pale yellow fluid was found in the abdominal cavity in the autopsy. the cyst was found attached to the greater omentum, and it was double layered. histopathologically, the outer layer was a part of the gr ...200919251371
the parasite fauna of stray domestic cats (felis catus) in dubai, united arab emirates.two hundred forty feral domestic cats trapped between 2004 and 2008 in the city centre and the suburb districts of dubai, as well as in desert biotopes, were subjected to a complete parasitological dissection. the established parasite fauna consisted of cystoisospora felis (12.9%), cystoisospora rivolta (9.2%), toxoplasma/hammondia (0.8%), heterophyes heterophyes (2.5%), heterophyopsis continua (0.4%), joyeuxiella spp. (65.8%), diplopylidium noelleri (37.1%), hydatigera taeniaeformis (16.7%), ta ...200919238440
helminth parasites of the wolf canis lupus from latvia.thirty-four wolves were collected between 2003 and 2008 from throughout latvia and examined for helminths. a total of 17 helminth species were recorded: the trematode alaria alata (85.3%); the cestodes diphyllobothrium latum (2.9%), echinococcus granulosus (2.9%), echinococcus multilocularis (5.9%), mesocestoides lineatus (5.9%), taenia crassiceps (8.8%), taenia hydatigena (41.2%), taenia (ovis) krabbei (8.8%), taenia multiceps (47.1%), taenia pisiformis (20.6%), taenia polyacantha (11.8%), taen ...200919138449
nanobodies, a promising tool for species-specific diagnosis of taenia solium cysticercosis.taenia solium cysticercosis is a major helminth zoonosis in developing countries. pigs are the intermediate hosts mediating transmission of infection. specific assays to diagnose living cysts in pigs are lacking. the monoclonal-based antigen detection elisa is genus-specific and cross-reactions with taenia hydatigena hamper the use of this test to screen pigs. we, therefore, aimed to introduce nanobodies, camelid-derived single-domain antibodies specific for t. solium cysticercosis, to develop u ...200919041315
genetic similarity between cysticerci of taenia solium isolated from human brain and from pigs.mitochondrial (mt) cox1 and ribosomal its1 dna sequences from taenia solium cysticercus isolates from pigs and cysticerci (racemose and cellulose types) from patients with neurocysticercosis were amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (pcr). the amplicons were sequenced in order to determine the genetic relationship between these types of cysticerci. phylogenetic trees were constructed and evolutionary distances were calculated. its1 and mt cox1 cysticerci sequence data were compared with pr ...200818644469
cysticercus tenuicollis vesicle in fetal structures: report of a case.cysticercus tenuicollis is the larval stage of the canine tapeworm taenia hydatigena, the presence of which has been reported in wild and domestic ruminants all over the world. it is a common parasite of small ruminants in the north of portugal. c. tenuicollis is generally seen attached to the omenta, the mesenteries or also found in the liver. in the ewe, tissue lesions have been associated with degenerative cysts or with oncosphere migrations. unusual locations of the cysticerci of t. hydatige ...200818564316
[the endoparasites of sika deer (cervus nippon) in austria].the endoparasite fauna of 108 sika deer (42 calves <1 year, 20 approximately 1 year old animals, 46 animals >1 year) originating from the two free-living sika deer populations in austria (ostrong, 35 animals; tullner donauauen, 73 animals) was studied. the deer were shot during the hunting seasons 2003-2005. in all, at least four species of protozoa (eimeria austriaca, eimeria robusta, eimeria sordida; sarcocystis spp.), two species each of cestodes (moniezia benedeni, larval cyst of taenia hyda ...200717987366
helminths of wild boar in the isolated population close to the northern border of its habitat area.one hundred wild boars (sus scrofa) from a geographically isolated population on the island saaremaa of western estonia were examined for visceral helminths. seven helminth species, metastrongylus pudendotectus, m. salmi, m. elongatus, ascaris suum, trichuris suis, dicrocoelium dendriticum and taenia hydatigena larva, were found. the predominant helminths discovered were lung nematodes (prevalence 82%, mean intensity 96.2 per animal). a significant negative correlation was observed between the w ...200717964726
acquired immunity in lambs infected with taenia hydatigena pallas, 1766. 195717648945
observations on liver lesions in lambs experimentally infected with the cysticercus of taenia hydatigena. 195517648781
characterization of the carcinoma-associated tk antigen in helminth parasites.expression of tk antigen, a truncated carbohydrate antigen, was examined in helmith parasites. using the monoclonal antibody lm389, this antigen was detected in extracts from taenia hydatigena, mesocestoides vogae (syn corti), and taenia crassiceps. no reactivity was observed in thysanosoma spp., dipylidium caninum, fasciola hepatica, and nyppostrongylus brasiliensis. on the basis of their electrophoretic mobility, different patterns of tk-bearing glycoproteins were observed among t. hydatigena, ...200717300782
[cysticercus tenuicollis infection in a goat farm].an outbreak of acute cysticercosis occurred in six female goats 2-4 years old and three 50 days old kids from a goat farm in northern italy. goats were usually recovered in stable with an outdoor paddock. post-mortem examination showed a massive infection of taenia hydatigena larvae in the liver, lungs and on the peritoneum. all recovered cysticercus tenuicollis were at immature stage.200617176956
[acute hepatitis cysticercosa and pneumonitis cysticercosa in a lamb: case report].the diseases known as hepatitis cysticercosa and pneumonitis cysticercosa are caused by migrating cysticercus tenuicollis, the intermediate stage of taenia hydatigena, in the liver and lung tissue of intermediate hosts like sheep, goats, cattle, pigs and squirrels. in this study, parasitological and pathological examinations were performed on the liver and lung tissue samples of a one month old lamb that had died in a herd of karadayi village, bünyan, kayseri. after the examination, hepatitis cy ...200617124659
isolation of a 14 kda antigen from taenia solium cyst fluid by hplc and its evaluation in enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for diagnosis of porcine cysticercosis.a fraction with a major band of 14kda was obtained from crude cyst fluid of taenia solium cysticerci by 2-step chromatography. a first fraction isolated by gel filtration (sephacryl s-300 high resolution) was purified using an anion exchange column (mono q hr 5/5) on high performance liquid chromatography. evaluation of the analytic sensitivity of this fraction (f3) was carried out in an antibody enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ab-elisa-f3) using serum samples from pigs experimentally infecte ...200717101161
ovine echinococcosis i. immunological diagnosis by enzyme immunoassay.immunodiagnosis in sheep presents problems of sensitivity and specificity, limiting its applicability in surveillance systems. the objective of this study was to develop a sensitive, specific and accessible technique for diagnosing cystic echinococcosis in naturally infected sheep and to evaluate the validity of necropsy as a reference test. a total of 247 sheep were studied at slaughterhouses, confirming the parasitological diagnosis with histology. serum was processed with enzyme immunoassay ( ...200716979823
estimation of canine intestinal parasites in córdoba (spain) and their risk to public health.the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in dogs was studied in the province of córdoba (southern spain), with special attention to those parasites that can be transmitted to man. the experiment was completed with the examination of soil samples from public parks and city gardens. the study was carried out over a population of 1800 animals entered in the control animal centre (ceca) by coprological methods, and within this group, 300 dogs were sacrificed and necropsied. the prevalence of any ...200716971046
a study on intestinal helminthes of dogs, foxes and jackals in the western part of iran.human infection especially with helminth parasites is an emerging health issue, as the human environment is increasingly shared with infected animals, either pets or wild life. in this survey, the intestinal content of 83 stray dogs, 22 red foxes and 10 golden jackals collected from the west azarbaijan, kordestan and kermanshah provinces in the west of iran, were studied for the presence of helminth parasites. the percentage of different species recovered from these animals is listed as follows: ...200616899340
helminthologic survey of the wolf (canis lupus) in estonia, with an emphasis on echinococcus granulosus.carcasses of 26 wolves were collected during the 2000/2001 and 2003/2004 hunting seasons and examined for helminths. thirteen helminth species were recorded: one trematode (alaria alata), seven cestodes (diphyllobothrium latum, mesocestoides lineatus, taenia hydatigena, taenia multiceps, taenia ovis, taenia pisiformis, and echinococcus granulosus), and five nematode species (uncinaria stenocephala, toxascaris leonina, toxocara canis, trichinella nativa, and trichinella britovi). the most common ...200616870858
prevalence of helminthes in adult dogs in heilongjiang province, the people's republic of china.the prevalence of helminthes in adult dogs was investigated in heilongjiang province, the people's republic of china, between 1996 and 2004. a total of 178 adult farm dogs from representative geographical locations in heilongjiang province were killed and examined for the presence of helminthes using a helminthological approach. the worms were examined, counted, and identified to species according to existing keys and descriptions. a total of 17 species of helminthes were found to infect dogs, a ...200616715234
comparison of preparation techniques of mixed samples (fungi-helminth eggs) for scanning electron microscopy by critical point drying.we compared three preparation techniques for critical point drying of fungus paecilomyces lilacinus (thom) samson with toxocara canis (werner) johnston and taenia hydatigena linneo eggs by scanning electron microscopy. we evaluated filtration (first), centrifugation (second), and phytoplankton network (third) in critical point drying methods. the first and third methods were advantageous for t. canis eggs because they preserved the quantity and quality of samples to obtain better images definiti ...200616607559
effect of parenteral vitamin e and selenium supplementation on immune status of dogs vaccinated with subunit and somatic antigens against taenia hydatigena.thirty clinically healthy dogs were divided into five equal groups; gs 1 and 2 were vaccinated with subunit and somatic antigens (ags) respectively in combination with vitamin e and selenium (vit e/se) supplement, gs 3 and 4 were vaccinated with subunit and somatic ags respectively and group 5 was kept unvaccinated as control positive. dogs in the vaccinated-vit e/se supplemented groups had a significantly greater (p < 0.05) serum se and alpha-tocopherol than un-supplemented gs. best immune resp ...200516083066
effect of paecilomyces lilacinus on the viability of oncospheres of taenia hydatigena.paecilomyces lilacinus (thom) samson is a saprophytic hyphomycete from the soil with biological activity on helminth eggs. we evaluated the influence in vitro of p. lilacinus on the viability of the oncospheres from taenia hydatigena, a parasite cestode of dogs and sheep. the eggs were exposed to the fungus strain in sterile distilled water and observed by light microscopy at days 4, 7 and 14 post-inoculation, and the viability was evaluated. the viability found in the exposed p. lilacinus oncos ...200515950384
helminth parasites of wolves (canis lupus): a species list and an analysis of published prevalence studies in nearctic and palaearctic populations.a literature survey was undertaken in order to draw up a definitive list of helminth parasites of the wolf, canis lupus. from 27 papers a total of 72 helminth species from 40 genera were recorded that infect wolves, of which 93% were identified from the gastrointestinal tract at necropsy. they comprised 28 species of nematode, 27 species of cestode, 16 species of trematode and one acanthocephalan. of these, 46 species were able to be included in further meta-analysis of prevalence data derived f ...200515946392
production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies against excretory/secretory products of adult echinococcus granulosus, and their application to coproantigen detection.two igm murine monoclonal antibodies (mabs), egc1 and egc3, were produced against the excretory/secretory (e/s) products of echinococcus granulosus adult worms. immunoblotting revealed that both predominantly recognized a 50 kda antigen in the somatic extract and an 85 kda component in the e/s products. immunolocalization showed that both mabs reacted with the tegument of the parasite, and additionally egc3 reacted with parenchyma and the tegument lining the external surface of the reproductive ...200515710549
ecological analysis and description of the intestinal helminths present in dogs in mexico city.the objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence of parasitoses in stray dogs from mexico city, as well as to describe the structure of the intestinal helminth communities present in said hosts. one hundred and twenty dog intestines were collected and dissected to evaluate their parasitic load; finding parasites in 102 dogs (85%). the cestodes collected were: dipylidium caninum in 72 dogs (60%), taenia hydatigena in three (2.5%), taenia pisiformis in two (1.6%), echinococcus gr ...200415631907
helminth fauna of eurasian lynx (lynx lynx) in estonia.thirty-seven carcasses of eurasian lynx (lynx lynx) collected and examined in estonia during 1999-2001 had helminths. parasites identified and their prevalence included diphyllobothrium latum (5%), taenia pisiformis (100%), taenia laticollis (41%), taenia hydatigena (3%), taenia taeniaeformis (3%), toxocara cati (68%), and trichinella spp. (22%). the only significant relationships (p < or = 0.05) between occurrence of helminths and host age and sex were a greater number of t. pisiformis and t. l ...200415362842
a slaughter slab survey for extra-intestinal porcine helminth infections in northern tanzania.a survey on extra-intestinal porcine helminths was conducted at three slaughter slabs that receive pigs from mbulu, a district endemic for porcine cysticercosis in northern tanzania. seventy carcases of pigs between 1 and 2 years old were examined between december 1997 and march 1998. the examination involved ante-mortem lingual examination for taenia solium cysticercosis followed by post-mortem inspection. in addition, a laboratory procedure was performed to determine whether any of these domes ...200415241967
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