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molecular survey of selected viral pathogens in wild leopard cats (prionailurus bengalensis) in taiwan with an emphasis on the spatial and temporal dynamics of carnivore protoparvovirus 1.the leopard cat (prionailurus bengalensis) was listed as an endangered species under the wildlife conservation act in taiwan in 2009. however, no study has evaluated the possible direct or indirect effects of pathogens on the taiwanese leopard cat population. here, we targeted viral pathogens, including carnivore protoparvovirus 1 (genus protoparvovirus), feline leukemia virus (felv), feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv), coronaviruses (covs), and canine distemper virus (cdv), through molecular s ...202133389172
bigger doesn't mean bolder: behavioral variation of four wild rodent species to novelty and predation risk following a fast-slow continuum.understanding how wild species respond to novel situations with associated risk can provide valuable insights for inter-specific behavioral variation and associations with pace-of-life (pol). rodents, a globally distributed and diverse taxonomic group, have been the subjects of countless studies emulating risky situations. controlled laboratory experiments with a focus on wild-caught species provide the opportunity to test fine-scale behavioral responses to contexts of risk with ecological impli ...202032973911
genetic diversity and genetic structure of the wild tsushima leopard cat from genome-wide analysis.the tsushima leopard cat (prionailurus bengalensis euptilurus) lives on tsushima island in japan and is a regional population of the amur leopard cat; it is threatened with extinction. its genetic management is important because of the small population. we used genotyping by random amplicon sequencing-direct (gras-di) to develop a draft genome and explore single-nucleotide polymorphism (snp) markers. the snps were analyzed using three genotyping methods (mapping de novo, to the tsushima leopard ...202032784782
dynamic in species estimates of carnivores (leopard cat, red fox, and north chinese leopard): a multi-year assessment of occupancy and coexistence in the tieqiaoshan nature reserve, shanxi province, china.wildlife populations are spatially controlled and undergo frequent fluctuations in abundance and site occupation. a comprehensive understanding of dynamic species processes is essential for making appropriate wildlife management plans. here, we used a multi-season model to describe the dynamics of occupancy estimates of the carnivores: north chinese leopard (panthera pardus japonensis, gray, 1862), leopard cat (prionailurus bengalensis, kerr, 1792), and red fox (vulpes vulpes, linnaeus, 1758) in ...202032752223
molecular characterization of ascaridoid parasites from captive wild carnivores in china using ribosomal and mitochondrial sequences.despite the public health importance of toxocariasis/toxascariasis, only a few species of these ascaridoid parasites from wild canine and feline carnivores have been studied at the molecular level so far. poor understanding of diversity, host distribution and the potential (zoonotic) transmission of the ascaridoid species among wild animals negatively affects their surveillance and control in natural settings. in this study, we updated previous knowledge by profiling the genetic diversity and ph ...202032727607
histomorphological differentiation of the skin of leopard (panthera pardus), leopard cat (prionailurus bengalensis), bengal tiger (panthera tigris), and golden jackal (canis aureus).leopard (panthera pardus), leopard cat (prionailurus bengalensis) bengal tiger (panthera tigris), and golden jackal (canis aureus) are carnivores. leopard and bengal tiger are listed in the red list as vulnerable species by the international union for conservation of nature and natural resources. leopard cat and golden jackal are grouped under animals of least concern. a wide variation exists in the structure of the skin and pattern of hair follicles among domestic and wild mammals. thus, the st ...201932546933
impact of sympatric carnivores on den selection of wild giant pandas.interspecific killing is a primary reason for the low survival rates of some animal species. the giant panda ( ailuropoda melanoleuca) is an altricial eutherian mammal and thus, in comparison to other infants, panda cubs are highly vulnerable, which may significantly influence the selection of breeding sites by females. here, we used infrared camera traps to monitor giant panda dens for 5.5 years in foping national nature reserve (fnnr) to determine how interspecific factors affect den selection ...202032279465
identification of selected wild felids using hair morphology and forensically informative nucleotide sequencing (fins): wildlife forensics prospective.we describe the identification of the leopard cat (prionailurus bengalensis), jungle cat (felis chaus) fishing cat (prionailurus viverrinusis), wild cat (felis silvestris) and caracal (caracal caracal) using combined approach of morphological and molecular based analysis. three mitochondrial genes [12s rrna, 16s rrna and cytochrome b (cyt b)] and hair characteristics (cuticle and medulla patterns) were analysed and variation was observed among few selected wild felids. we did not find conclusive ...202032208347
identification of a novel linear b-cell epitope on the nucleocapsid protein of porcine deltacoronavirus.porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov), first identified in 2012, is a swine enteropathogen now found in many countries. the nucleocapsid (n) protein, a core component of pdcov, is essential for virus replication and is a significant candidate in the development of diagnostics for pdcov. in this study, monoclonal antibodies (mabs) were generated and tested for reactivity with three truncations of the full protein (n1, n2, n3) that contained partial overlaps; of the five monoclonals chosen tested, each ...202031963776
porcine deltacoronavirus infection and transmission in poultry, united states1.coronaviruses cause respiratory and gastrointestinal diseases in diverse host species. deltacoronaviruses (dcovs) have been identified in various songbird species and in leopard cats in china. in 2009, porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) was detected in fecal samples from pigs in asia, but its etiologic role was not identified until 2014, when it caused major diarrhea outbreaks in swine in the united states. studies have shown that pdcov uses a conserved region of the aminopeptidase n protein to in ...202031961296
infections of two isthmiophora species (digenea: echinostomatidae) in wild mammals from republic of korea with their morphological descriptions.isthmiophora hortensis (digenea: echinostomatidae) is a dominant echinostome in animal reservoir hosts and humans in the republic of korea (korea). we intended to investigate the infection status with this echinostome species in the several species of wild animals and describe the morphological characteristics in the faunistic view point. a total of 175 animal carcasses belonging to 3 families, i.e., canidae, felidae and mustelidae, were collected from the southern regions of korea from march 20 ...201931914518
distribution of residual agricultural pesticides and their impact assessment on the survival of an endangered species.this study aimed to assess the distribution of spent pesticides in an agro-farming area and to evaluate their impact on the ecological risk for an endangered species combing the health risk assessment concept with the modelling algorithm proposed by european food safety authority (efsa). an agricultural area in western taiwan was chosen to investigate the ecological risk on prionailurus bengalensis. their ecological stability was evaluated in the context of the residuals' distribution of the spe ...202031879098
bacteria isolated from bengal cat (felis catus × prionailurus bengalensis) anal sac secretions produce volatile compounds potentially associated with animal signaling.in social animals, scent secretions and marking behaviors play critical roles in communication, including intraspecific signals, such as identifying individuals and group membership, as well as interspecific signaling. anal sacs are an important odor producing organ found across the carnivorans (species in the mammalian order carnivora). secretions from the anal sac may be used as chemical signals by animals for behaviors ranging from defense to species recognition to signaling reproductive stat ...201931518350
distribution of carnivore protoparvovirus 1 in free-living leopard cats (prionailurus bengalensis chinensis) and its association with domestic carnivores in taiwan.carnivore protoparvovirus 1 (cppv-1) is widespread among free-living carnivores, and cppv-1 infection may directly or indirectly impact on the population of endangered carnivore species. in this study, we used molecular screening of viral capsid protein 2 (vp2) from 2015 to 2017, to assess the prevalence of cppv-1 infection in 9 live-trapped (lt) and 17 vehicle collision (vc)-affected free-living leopard cats (prionailurus bengalensis chinensis). in addition, we conducted the phylogenetic analys ...201931479483
novel variants of the newly emerged anaplasma capra from korean water deer (hydropotes inermis argyropus) in south korea.anaplasma spp. are tick-borne gram-negative obligate intracellular bacteria that infect humans and a wide range of animals. anaplasma capra has emerged as a human pathogen; however, little is known about the occurrence and genetic identity of this agent in wildlife. the present study aimed to determine the infection rate and genetic profile of this pathogen in wild animals in the republic of korea.201931345253
the tsushima leopard cat exhibits extremely low genetic diversity compared with the korean amur leopard cat: implications for conservation.we examined genetic diversity of the wild tsushima leopard cat-a regional population of the amur leopard cat-using microsatellite markers. in addition, we compared genetic diversity of the tsushima leopard cat with that of the korean population of amur leopard cat. although bias should be considered when applying cross-species amplification, the tsushima leopard cat showed a lower index of molecular genetic diversity than did the korean population. these results were consistent with those obtain ...201931341743
a clonorchiasis case of a leopard cat, prionailurus bengalensis euptilurus, diagnosed by ultrasonography and egg detection in republic of korea.a clonorchiasis case in a captive leopard cat, prionailurus bengalensis euptilurus, was confirmed by ultrasonographic findings and egg morphologies found in the bile juice sample in the korea. the leopard cat was introduced from the wild habitat of gyeongsangnam-do, to cheongju zoo in cheongju-si, chungcheongbuk-do, korea in august 2014. physical examinations were basically performed for quarantine and check-up health. the cat was comparatively good in health except anorexia. the cyst-like bile ...201931284354
sex identification using zfx and zfy genes in leopard cats (prionailurus bengalensis euptilurus) in korea.in this study, we used multiplex polymerase chain reaction (pcr) to determine the sex of leopard cats (prionailurus bengalensis euptilurus) in korea. when we applied pcr using primers based on the intronic region between zfx and zfy, only one dna band of 143 bp was detected in females, compared with two specific bands of 143 and 310 bp in males, indicating that the band patterns were clearly different between females and males. since the set of primers also proved compatible with tissue and feca ...201930944271
monitoring of environmental persistent organic pollutants in hair samples collected from wild terrestrial mammals of primorsky krai, russia.persistent organic pollutants (pops) constitute a wide range of chemicals. their release into the environment has raised great concern due to their potentially harmful impact in humans and wildlife species. the aim of this current study was to detect selected pops in hair samples of wild terrestrial mammals from primorsky krai, russia, so as to assess potential environmental exposure. the tested wild species were leopard cat, musk deer, wolf, amur hedgehog, and raccoon dog. the targeted organoch ...201930666573
influence of vegetation area and edge length on mammals in urban woods.we investigated the relationships between vegetation area, edge length, and mammals in the urban woods of daejeon metropolitan city, south korea. the vegetation patches included in this study varied from 2.1 to 501.0 ha in size. surveys were conducted monthly between february and october 2015, with a survey route measuring 1 km in length and 10 m width established in each forest patch. field signs of 14 species of mammals were recorded in the 33 chosen forest patches over the course of the study ...201730460081
efficient immortalization of cells derived from critically endangered tsushima leopard cat (prionailurus bengalensis euptilurus) with expression of mutant cdk4, cyclin d1, and telomerase reverse transcriptase.tsushima leopard cat is the subspecies of amur cats, and it is classified as the most highest class of critically endangered animals. although the protection activity is highly recognized, the number of animals is decreasing due to the human activity and invasion of domestic cats and infectious disease. in this study, we succeeded primary culture of normal fibroblasts derived from the tsushima leopard cat (prionailurus bengalensis euptilurus). furthermore, we introduced the human derived mutant ...201830225752
molecular genetic findings of spirometra decipiens and s. ranarum in korea.the taxonomy of spirometra species has been controversial despite the medical and veterinary importance. currently, only a few spirometra species are considered valid species in the genus spirometra. in the present study, the distribution of spirometra species obtained from animals in korea were identified by molecular analysis of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase i (cox1) gene. a total of 28 spirometra species specimens were analyzed. these were all collected between 1973 and 2008 in the r ...201830196668
identification of felis catus gammaherpesvirus 1 in tsushima leopard cats (prionailurus bengalensis euptilurus) on tsushima island, japan.felis catus gammaherpesvirus 1 (fcaghv1) is a widely endemic infection of domestic cats. current epidemiological data identify domestic cats as the sole natural host for fcaghv1. the tsushima leopard cat (tlc; prionailurus bengalensis euptilurus) is a critically endangered species that lives only on tsushima island, nagasaki, japan. nested pcr was used to test the blood or spleen of 89 tlcs for fcaghv1 dna; three (3.37%; 95% ci, 0.70⁻9.54) were positive. for tlc management purposes, we also scre ...201830029545
characterization and cryopreservation of amur leopard cats (prionailurus bengalensis euptilurus) semen collected by urethral catheterization.the amur leopard cat (prionailurus bengalensis euptilurus) is a globally endangered species, and there is thus an urgent need to increase its population. the objectives of this study were to: (1) confirm the utility of urethral catheterization (uc) for semen collection from amur leopard cats; (2) investigate proper dilution media for fresh semen; and (3) investigate the effectiveness of sperm cryopreservation, including examining the effect of glycerol concentration. six adult males in captivity ...201829982141
sperm cryopreservation in the far-eastern wildcat (prionailurus bengalensis euptilurus).the far-eastern wildcat (prionailurus bengalensis euptilurus) is a rare and poorly investigated nondomestic felid species. an attempt of freezing and cryopreserving far-eastern wildcat spermatozoa in caniplus freeze (cpf) medium is reported. sperm was collected by electroejaculation from five adult far-eastern wildcat captive-born males. epididymal spermatozoa from five adult randomly bred domestic cat males were used as a reference. the viability of frozen-thawed spermatozoa evaluated by double ...201829968363
the method matters: the effect of handling time on cortisol level and blood parameters in wild cats.blood analysis has recently become a popular tool to assess the welfare of the wild cats. however, the estimates of blood parameters may depend on the sampling method. we have tested (1) if the sampling procedure influences blood parameters and (2) what parameters are the most efficient in assessing the physiological status in wild cat species. we assessed the effect of handling time on red blood cells (rbc) and white blood cells (wbc) counts, the ratio of neutrophils to lymphocytes (n/l ratio), ...201829893473
microsatellite dna analysis reveals lower than expected genetic diversity in the threatened leopard cat (prionailurus bengalensis) in south korea.to optimize conservation efforts, it is necessary to determine the risk of extinction by collecting reliable population information for a given species. we developed eight novel, polymorphic microsatellite markers and used these markers in conjunction with twelve existing markers to measure genetic diversity of south korean populations of leopard cat (prionailurus bengalensis), a species for which population size and habitat area data are unknown in the country, to assess its conservation status ...201829892957
serological evidence of h5-subtype influenza a virus infection in indigenous avian and mammalian species in korea.in korea, h5-subtype highly pathogenic avian influenza (hpai) has caused huge economic losses in poultry farms through outbreaks of h5n1 since 2003, h5n8 since 2013 and h5n6 since 2016. although it was reported that long-distance migratory birds may play a major role in the global spread of avian influenza viruses (aivs), transmission from such birds to poultry has not been confirmed. intermediate hosts in the wild also may be a potential factor in viral transmission. therefore, a total of 367 s ...201829204739
epidemiologic survey of feline leukemia virus in domestic cats on tsushima island, japan: management strategy for tsushima leopard cats.the tsushima leopard cat (tlc) prionailurus bengalensis euptilurus, a subspecies of p. bengalensis, is designated a national natural monument of japan, and lives only on tsushima island, nagasaki prefecture, japan. tlcs are threatened by various infectious diseases. feline leukemia virus (felv) causes a serious infectious disease with a poor prognosis in cats. therefore, the transmission of felv from tsushima domestic cats (tdcs) to tlcs may threaten the tlc population. we investigated the felv ...201728782421
ebstein anomaly in the tsushima leopard cat (prionailurus bengalensis euptilurus).ebstein anomaly is a rare congenital heart disease that has been described in domestic dogs, a meerkat, a pygmy goat, and a lion. an 11-mo-old tsushima leopard cat presented to osaka prefecture university veterinary hospital for diagnosis and treatment of right-sided congestive heart failure. echocardiography showed a dilated right atrium and ventricle with an enlarged tricuspid valve annulus and apical displacement of the tricuspid valve leaflets. the cat was diagnosed with ebstein anomaly. to ...201728749297
low genetic variation in the mhc class ii drb gene and mhc-linked microsatellites in endangered island populations of the leopard cat (prionailurus bengalensis) in japan.isolated populations of the leopard cat (prionailurus bengalensis) on tsushima and iriomote islands in japan are classified as subspecies p. b. euptilurus and p. b. iriomotensis, respectively. because both populations have decreased to roughly 100, an understanding of their genetic diversity is essential for conservation. we genotyped mhc class ii drb exon 2 and mhc-linked microsatellite loci to evaluate the diversity of mhc genes in the tsushima and iriomote cat populations. we detected ten and ...201728689276
genetic structure and phylogeography of the leopard cat (prionailurus bengalensis) inferred from mitochondrial genomes.the leopard cat prionailurus bengalensis is a habitat generalist that is widely distributed across southeast asia. based on morphological traits, this species has been subdivided into 12 subspecies. thus far, there have been few molecular studies investigating intraspecific variation, and those had been limited in geographic scope. for this reason, we aimed to study the genetic structure and evolutionary history of this species across its very large distribution range in asia. we employed both p ...201728498987
the presence of tick-borne diseases in domestic dogs and cats living on iriomote-jima and tsushima islands.the iriomote cat and tsushima leopard cat are endangered wildcats in japan and inhabit only iriomote-jima and tsushima islands, respectively. domestic dogs and cats living on iriomote-jima and tsushima islands were surveyed to clarify the interrelationship between wildcats and domestic animals regarding tick-borne disease transmission. pathogen-derived dna in blood samples was detected by polymerase chain reaction. babesia gibsoni was detected in dogs of iriomote-jima, and hepatozoon felis and h ...201728484147
molecular dietary analysis of two sympatric felids in the mountains of southwest china biodiversity hotspot and conservation implications.dietary information is lacking in most of small to mid-sized carnivores due to their elusive predatory behaviour and versatile feeding habits. the leopard cat (lpc; prionailurus bengalensis) and the asiatic golden cat (agc; catopuma temminckii) are two important yet increasingly endangered carnivore species in the temperate mountain forest ecosystem in southwest china, a global biodiversity hotspot and a significant reservoir of china's endemic species. we investigated the vertebrate prey of the ...201728195150
metabolism of prostaglandin f2alpha in eurasian lynx (lynx lynx) and asian leopard cat (prionailurus bengalensis euptilura).methods for monitoring endocrine status are useful tools for reproduction management. in particular, successful captive breeding of endangered feline species requires reliable methods for pregnancy diagnosis. in many species, uterine and placental prostaglandin-f2α (pgf2α) is involved in the regulation of reproductive processes. pgf2α is metabolized to 13,14-dihydro-15-keto-pgf2a (pgfm) during the first passage through the lungs. immunoreactive pgfm is elevated in pregnant felids during the last ...201728111808
genetic identification of prey species from teeth in faeces from the endangered leopard cat prionailurus bengalensis using mitochondrial cytochrome b gene sequence.to understand the dietary ecology of the leopard cat (prionailurus bengalensis), dna analysis was performed to identify prey species using dna isolated from teeth harvested from the faeces of this feline species. from 70 dna samples, a total of 52 mitochondrial dna (mtdna) cytochrome b (cytb) gene sequences of mammals were identified. the results of a sequence identity test indicated that those sequences were derived from four rodent species (apodemus agrarius, apodemus peninsulae, eothenomys re ...201728093009
comparison of fecal microbiota of three captive carnivore species inhabiting korea.this study aimed at characterizing fecal microbiota of three captive carnivore species of leopard cats prionailurus bengalensis, eurasian otters lutra lutra and raccoon dogs nyctereutes procyonoides. we used dna barcoding sequencing to analyze 16s rrna genes of uncultured bacteria in the feces collected in the seoul zoo. the sequencing analyses revealed that: 1) firmicutes was the most dominant phylum for all three animals; 2) bacterial genus-rank compositions were distinct across species of the ...201728049922
intrauterine insemination with fresh semen in amur leopard cat (pionailurus bengalensis eutilura) during non-breeding season.equine and human chorionic gonadotropins were administered to two female amur leopard cats to induce estrus and ovulation during non-breeding season. fresh semen collected from male cats was surgically inseminated into the uterine horn of the females. in one animal, two fetal sacs without heartbeats were observed on abdominal ultrasonography 31 days after insemination, which indicated that embryo death had occurred. in the other animal, fetal heartbeats were detected in two fetal sacs 29 days af ...201727733725
spatial co-occurrence and activity patterns of mesocarnivores in the temperate forests of southwest china.understanding the interactions between species and their coexistence mechanisms will help explain biodiversity maintenance and enable managers to make sound conservation decisions. mesocarnivores are abundant and diverse mid-sized carnivores and can have profound impacts on the function, structure and dynamics of ecosystem after the extirpation of apex predators in many ecosystems. the moist temperate forests of southwest china harbor a diverse community of mesocarnivores in the absence of apex ...201627723772
scotopic electroretinography in fishing cat (prionailurus viverrinus) and leopard cat (prionailurus bengalensis).to establish baseline normal scotopic electroretinograpic (erg) parameters for two wild cat species: fishing cats (fc) and leopard cats (lc).201727471166
occurrence of gnathostoma spinigerum in a leopard cat from wayanad wildlife sanctuary, kerala.the post-mortem examination of a leopard cat from wayanad wildlife sanctuary, kerala, died in a road accident, revealed presence of gastric tumours containing worms which were identified as gnathostoma spinigerum based on morphological characteristics.201627413340
[research advances in the porcine deltacoronavirus].the deltacoronavirus is a new member of the subfamily coronaviridae of the family coronaviridae. deltacoronaviruses can infect birds and mammals. deltacoronaviruses were detected in early 2007 in asian leopard cats and chinese ferret badgers. in 2014, porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcov) infection spread rapidly in the usa. moreover, cell culture-adapted pdcov has been obtained from infected piglets. animal experiments have confirmed that the isolated pdcov is highly pathogenic and causes severe dia ...201627396171
a trial of semen collection by transrectal electroejaculation method from amur leopard cat (prionailurus bengalensis euptilurus).we collected semen from a male amur leopard cat using the transrectal electroejaculation method and investigated the semen qualities for about four years. in addition, the influence of the season on the spermatogenic function of the amur leopard cat was investigated with regard to the semen qualities, testicular volume and serum testosterone level. as a result, we could collect semen with good sperm qualities that would be useable for artificial insemination. some seasonality was noted in the te ...201626935841
earliest "domestic" cats in china identified as leopard cat (prionailurus bengalensis).the ancestor of all modern domestic cats is the wildcat, felis silvestris lybica, with archaeological evidence indicating it was domesticated as early as 10,000 years ago in south-west asia. a recent study, however, claims that cat domestication also occurred in china some 5,000 years ago and involved the same wildcat ancestor (f. silvestris). the application of geometric morphometric analyses to ancient small felid bones from china dating between 5,500 to 4,900 bp, instead reveal these and othe ...201626799955
variations in leopard cat (prionailurus bengalensis) skull morphology and body size: sexual and geographic influences.the leopard cat, prionailurus bengalensis (kerr, 1792), is one of the most widespread asian cats, occurring in continental eastern and southeastern asia. since 1929, several studies have focused on the morphology, ecology, and taxonomy of leopard cats. nevertheless, hitherto there has been no agreement on basic aspects of leopard cat biology, such as the presence or absence of sexual dimorphism, morphological skull and body differences between the eleven recognized subspecies, and the biogeograp ...201526500818
molecular identification of the trematode paragonimus in faecal samples from the wild cat prionailurus bengalensis in the da krong nature reserve, vietnam.conventional identification of paragonimus species and their natural definitive hosts is based on the morphological features of adult parasites isolated from the lungs of wild mammalian hosts. however, wild animals are protected by strict regulations and sampling is not always possible. recently, molecular techniques have been developed to identify the internal transcribed spacer (its) sequences of paragonimus eggs in faeces/sputum of human patients. also, mammalian hosts can be identified using ...201626388560
tiger, bengal and domestic cat embryos produced by homospecific and interspecific zona-free nuclear transfer.the aim of this study was to evaluate three different cloning strategies in the domestic cat (felis silvestris) and to use the most efficient to generate wild felid embryos by interspecific cloning (iscnt) using bengal (a hybrid formed by the cross of felis silvestris and prionailurus bengalensis) and tiger (panthera tigris) donor cells. in experiment 1, zona-free (zp-free) cloning resulted in higher fusion and expanded blastocyst rates with respect to zona included cloning techniques that invol ...201526332056
anaplasma sp. and hemoplasma infection in leopard cats (prionailurus bengalensis euptilurus) from korea.this study examined the occurrence of anaplasma spp. and hemoplasma infection in leopard cats, prionailurus bengalensis euptilurus, in korea. twenty-nine biological samples were tested by molecular analysis. two (6.9%) and eight (27.6%) tested specimens were positive for anaplasma bovis and hemoplasma infection, respectively. based on our results, anaplasma/ehrlichia spp. and hemoplasma are regularly infecting leopard cat populations of korea. considering their endangered status, regular monitor ...201526040618
[new evidence for the spread of thelazia callipaeda in the far east].thelazia callipaeda nematodes parasitize in the eyes of domestic and wild carnivorous mammals (more often in canidae). numerous cases of human infestation are also known. the nematode spreads in south and east asia although in the last decade this has been reported from dogs, cats and wolves in south and central europe as well. in the russian federation, t. callipaeda was earlier observed in dogs, cats, foxes and raccoon dogs in some regions of the russian far east. two cases of human infestatio ...201525850318
origin, evolution, and virulence of porcine deltacoronaviruses in the united states.a novel porcine deltacoronavirus (pdcv) was first discovered in ohio and indiana in february 2014, rapidly spread to other states in the united states and canada, and caused significant economic loss in the swine industry. the origin and virulence of this novel porcine coronavirus are not known. here, we characterized u.s. pdcv isolates and determined their virulence in gnotobiotic and conventional piglets. genome analyses revealed that u.s. pdcv isolates possess unique genetic characteristics a ...201525759498
molecular survey of arthropod-borne pathogens in ticks obtained from japanese wildcats.the iriomote cat (ic), prionailurus bengalensis iriomotensis, and the tsushima leopard cat (tlc), prionailurus bengalensis euptilurus, are endangered subspecies of leopard cats in japan. in addition to habitat destruction and road kills, infectious diseases may threaten their populations, and infection with arthropod-borne pathogens has been reported in both subspecies. infestations with ectoparasites, especially ticks, have frequently been observed in ics and tlcs. in the present study, ticks c ...201525682495
the complete mitochondrial genome of leopard cat, prionailurus bengalensis chinensis (carnivora:felidae).the full-length of the mitochondrial (mt) genome of prionailurus bengalensis chinensis was first determined in this study and consisted of a 16,990 bp fragment, including 13 protein-coding genes, two rrna genes, 22 trna genes, a control region (cr), and an origin of l-strand replication (olr). the total base composition of the heavy strand was a, 33.0%; g, 13.6%; c, 26.0%; and t, 27.4%, with a slight at bias of 60.4%. the complete mitogenomic data of p. b. chinensis may provide an important data ...201625629472
who's behind that mask and cape? the asian leopard cat's agouti (asip) allele likely affects coat colour phenotype in the bengal cat breed.coat colours and patterns are highly variable in cats and are determined mainly by several genes with mendelian inheritance. a 2-bp deletion in agouti signalling protein (asip) is associated with melanism in domestic cats. bengal cats are hybrids between domestic cats and asian leopard cats (prionailurus bengalensis), and the charcoal coat colouration/pattern in bengals presents as a possible incomplete melanism. the complete coding region of asip was directly sequenced in asian leopard, domesti ...201425143047
alterations in selected serum biochemistry values of free-ranging bornean leopard cats (prionailurus bengalensis borneoensis) captured by box traps.box-traps for capturing wild cats are widely used by researchers since it is one of the most effective methods for trapping these species. although they are extensively utilised, the effects on the physiology of trapped felids remain unclear. researchers frequently make judgements regarding the safety of such capture devices by examination of external injuries but often fail to take into consideration other physiological parameters. to assess the effects of capture events on selected serum bioch ...201424839119
sympatric asian felid phylogeography reveals a major indochinese-sundaic divergence.the dynamic geological and climatological history of southeast asia has spawned a complex array of ecosystems and 12 of the 37 known cat species, making it the most felid-rich region in the world. to examine the evolutionary histories of these poorly studied fauna, we compared phylogeography of six species (leopard cat prionailurus bengalensis, fishing cat p. viverrinus, asiatic golden cat pardofelis temminckii, marbled cat p. marmorata, tiger panthera tigris and leopard p. pardus) by sequencing ...201424629132
molecular epidemiologic survey of bartonella, ehrlichia, and anaplasma infections in japanese iriomote and tsushima leopard cats.the iriomote cat (ic; prionailurus iriomotensis) and the tsushima leopard cat (tlc; prionailurus bengalensis euptilura) are endangered wild felids in japan. as a part of ongoing conservation activities, we conducted a molecular, epidemiologic survey of bartonella, ehrlichia, and anaplasma infections in wild ic and tlc populations. blood samples (47 from 33 individual ic; 22 from 13 tlc) were collected between august 2002 and january 2011. using pcr analysis, we confirmed the presence of bartonel ...201323778615
visceral smooth muscle α-actin deficiency associated with chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction in a bengal cat (felis catus x prionailurus bengalensis).an adult bengal cat (felis catus × prionailurus bengalensis) with a prolonged history of partial anorexia, regurgitation, and weight loss and a clinical, radiographic, and ultrasonographic diagnosis of persistent megaesophagus and gastrointestinal ileus was submitted for necropsy. the intestinal tract was diffusely distended by gas and fluid with appreciable loss of muscle tone and an absence of luminal obstruction, consistent with the clinical history of chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction. h ...201423774747
epidemiological survey of tick-borne protozoal infection in iriomote cats and tsushima leopard cats in japan.this epidemiological survey was conducted to determine the prevalence of hepatozoon, babesia and theileria infection in the iriomote cat (ic) and the tsushima leopard cat (tlc). blood samples from 43 ics and 14 tlcs were collected between november 2002 and january 2012. polymerase chain reaction and dna sequencing analyses detected a hepatozoon felis infection prevalence of 72.0% (31/43 cats) and 100% (14/14 cats) in ics and tlcs, respectively. the degree of hepatozoon parasitemia observed on bl ...201323449464
molecular identification of avian haemosporidia in wild birds and mosquitoes on tsushima island, japan.we investigated for the first time the prevalence of avian haemosporidia of genera plasmodium, haemoproteus and leucocytozoon among birds and mosquitoes on tsushima island of japan, which is located between japan and the korean peninsula. of 55 wild birds belonging to 33 species, 16 (29.1%) tested positive for haemosporidia as follows: plasmodium spp. (11/55; 20.0%); haemoproteus spp. (2/55; 3.6%); and leucocytozoon spp. (3/55; 5.5%). a genetic lineage isolated from the eurasian sparrowhawk (acc ...201323123824
neurofibrillary tangles and the deposition of a beta amyloid peptide with a novel n-terminal epitope in the brains of wild tsushima leopard cats.beta amyloid (aβ) deposits are seen in aged individuals in many of the mammalian species that possess the same aβ amino acid sequence as humans. conversely, neurofibrillary tangles (nft), the other hallmark lesion of alzheimer's disease (ad), are extremely rare in these animals. we detected aβ deposits in the brains of tsushima leopard cats (prionailurus bengalensis euptilurus) that live exclusively on tsushima island, japan. aβ42 was deposited in a granular pattern in the neuropil of the pyrami ...201223056312
an epidemiological survey of hemoplasma infection in iriomote cats (prionailurus bengalensis iriomotensis).an epidemiological survey of iriomote cats (prionailurus bengalensis iriomotensis) was conducted to understand the prevalence and molecular characteristics of hemotropic mycoplasma (hemoplasma). a series of ecological surveys of iriomote cats were performed between november 2003 and september 2010. during this period, 31 iriomote cats were captured or found, and 39 blood samples were collected. polymerase chain reaction screening for hemoplasmas and blast searches revealed that 4 of the 31 cats ...201222785566
carnivore diet analysis based on next-generation sequencing: application to the leopard cat (prionailurus bengalensis) in pakistan.diet analysis is a prerequisite to fully understand the biology of a species and the functioning of ecosystems. for carnivores, traditional diet analyses mostly rely upon the morphological identification of undigested remains in the faeces. here, we developed a methodology for carnivore diet analyses based on the next-generation sequencing. we applied this approach to the analysis of the vertebrate component of leopard cat diet in two ecologically distinct regions in northern pakistan. despite b ...201222250784
using pgfm (13,14-dihydro-15-keto-prostaglandin f2α) as a non-invasive pregnancy marker for felids.understanding the complex endocrine interactions that control reproduction in felids is essential for captive breeding management. the most important demand is a quick and reliable pregnancy diagnosis. however, the occurrence of pseudopregnancies in felids complicates matters. we investigated whether the fecal prostaglandin metabolite (pgfm) recently suggested for pregnancy diagnosis in the lynx is suitable for all felid species. we found that increased levels of pgfm during the last trimester i ...201122192399
The complete mitochondrial genome sequence of the Amur leopard cat, Prionailurus bengalensis euptilurus.The total length of the Prionailurus bengalensis euptilurus genome is 16,990 bp, with a total base composition of 33% A, 27.4% T, 26% C, and 13.5% G. The base compositions present clearly the A-T skew, which is most obvious in the tRNA genes (64%).201122040073
a case of iriomote cat (prionailurus bengalensis iriomotensis) with hepatozoon felis parasitemia.we herein present clinical findings of an iriomote cat with hepatozoon felis parasitemia. a male iriomote cat was captured for ecological analyses three times from january 2010 to january 2011. although this cat did not show any hematological abnormalities at the time of the first capture, h. felis parasitemia and increased serum creatine kinase levels were detected at the second and third captures. h. felis infection was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction, and amplified 18s ribosomal rna ge ...201121685717
ecology driving genetic variation: a comparative phylogeography of jungle cat (felis chaus) and leopard cat (prionailurus bengalensis) in india.comparative phylogeography links historical population processes to current/ecological processes through congruent/incongruent patterns of genetic variation among species/lineages. despite high biodiversity, india lacks a phylogeographic paradigm due to limited comparative studies. we compared the phylogenetic patterns of indian populations of jungle cat (felis chaus) and leopard cat (prionailurus bengalensis). given similarities in their distribution within india, evolutionary histories, body s ...201021060831
enhanced histone acetylation in somatic cells induced by a histone deacetylase inhibitor improved inter-generic cloned leopard cat blastocysts.the objective was to determine whether alterations of histone acetylation status in donor cells affected inter-generic scnt (igscnt)-cloned embryo development. leopard cat cells were treated with trichostatin a (tsa; a histone deacetylase inhibitor) for 48 h, and then donor cells were transferred into enucleated oocytes from domestic cats. compared to non-treated cells, the acetylated histone 3 at lysine 9 (ach3k9) and histone 4 at lysine 5 (ach4k5) in the tsa group increased for up to 48 h (p < ...201020708232
fecal steroid metabolites and reproductive monitoring in a female tsushima leopard cat (prionailurus bengalensis euptilurus).although the tsushima leopard cat (prionailurus bengalensis euptilurus) is one of the most endangered mammals in japan, its reproductive physiology and endocrinology have been not elucidated. the objective was to establish the non-invasive monitoring of reproductive endocrinology in a female tsushima leopard cat and to identify the types of fecal reproductive steroid metabolites in this species. fecal concentrations of estrogen and progestin were determined by enzyme immunoassays, from 60 d befo ...201020615533
risk analysis of feline immunodeficiency virus infection in tsushima leopard cats (prionailurus bengalensis euptilurus) and domestic cats using a geographic information system.in this study, based on the data from fiv screening surveys of captive cats conducted by the kyushu veterinary union and collaborators as part of the infection control program for tsushima leopard cats (prionailurus bengalensis euptilurus), we elucidated the spatial distribution of fiv-positive individuals among leopard cats and domestic cats using a geographic information system. data from fiv screening surveys carried out among 86 leopard cats (1996-2006) and 713 captive domestic cats (2001-20 ...201020379084
abnormalities in the transcription of reprogramming genes related to global epigenetic events of cloned endangered felid embryos.the present study examined transcription levels of the oct4, dnmt1, dnmt3a, dnmt3b, hat1 and hdac1 genes in cloned felid embryos developing from single one-cell to blastocyst stages. ivf, cloned domestic and leopard cat embryos had low oct4 and hat1 levels during the early stages, but transcript expression increased at the eight-cell and blastocyst stages. in contrast, expression in the cloned marble cat embryos was low at all stages. transcription patterns of hdac1 were altered in cloned embryo ...201020353721
characterization of blood cells in the leopard cat (prionailurus bengalensis).the leopard cat (prionailurus bengalensis) is the most frequently encountered wild cat in most of southeast asia. limited hematologic investigation exists for this species.201020230574
molecular characterization of hepatozoon species in a leopard cat (prionailurus bengalensis) from thailand.hepatozoon gamonts were observed by light microscopy in neutrophils of a male, wild-caught leopard cat. complete blood counts at presentation and 6 months later were unremarkable. serologic tests were negative for both fiv and felv. a partial sequence of the 18s rrna gene from the hepatozoon found in the cat indicated that, compared with all species examined, the protozoan had the closest relationship (99.2% sequence similarity) with the hepatozoon of the water python (stegonotus cucullatus). th ...201020230573
the first report of hepatozoon species infection in leopard cats (prionailurus bengalensis) in korea.hepatozoon species infections were detected in 4 of 5 heart samples from leopard cats (prionailurus bengalensis) in korea examined by light microscopy and pcr. microscopically, the schizonts of the hepatozoon species were observed within the parasitophorous vacuoles of unidentified host cells that were located between myocytes. the schizonts were approximately 31 +/- 4 x 19 +/- 3 microm in size; 3 mature schizonts contained approximately 24, 25, and 35 merozoites. in analyses of the partial 18s ...201019891517
standardization of some electrocardiographic parameters of captive leopard cats (leopardus tigrinus).thirty-three captive leopard cats, leopardus tigrinus, were anesthetized with xylazine (1-2 mg/kg) and ketamine (10 mg/kg), and electrocardiograph (ecg) tests were recorded in all leads with 1 cm = 1 mv sensibility and 25 mm/sec speed repeating dii lead at 50 mm/sec speed with the same sensibility. results expressed by mean and standard deviation were: heart rate (hr) = 107 +/- 17 (bpm); p-wave = 0.048 +/- 0.072 (s) x 0.128 +/- 0.048 (mv); pr interval = 0.101 +/- 0.081 (s); qrs compound = 0.053 ...200919746854
genetic relationships among wild felidae in thailand using aflp markers.the cytogenetics of eight felidae species in thailand were investigated by the colchicines-hypotonic fixation-air drying technique followed by a conventional technique. all species studied have an identical number of 38 diploid chromosomes, indicating a close genetic relationship among species. at a deep study level, the genetic relationships of eight felidae species were accessed by the aflp method. blood samples were collected from sources locating in their original regions for dna extraction. ...200719070075
an autosomal genetic linkage map of the domestic cat, felis silvestris catus.we report on the completion of an autosomal genetic linkage (gl) map of the domestic cat (felis silvestris catus). unlike two previous linkage maps of the cat constructed with a hybrid pedigree between the domestic cat and the asian leopard cat, this map was generated entirely with domestic cats, using a large multi-generational pedigree (n=256) maintained by the nestlé purina petcare company. four hundred eighty-three simple tandem repeat (str) loci have been assigned to linkage groups on the c ...200919059333
comparative analysis of complete genome sequences of three avian coronaviruses reveals a novel group 3c coronavirus.in this territory-wide molecular epidemiology study of coronaviruses (covs) in hong kong involving 1,541 dead wild birds, three novel covs were identified in three different bird families (bulbul cov hku11 [bucov hku11], thrush cov hku12 [thcov hku12], and munia cov hku13 [mucov hku13]). four complete genomes of the three novel covs were sequenced. their genomes (26,396 to 26,552 bases) represent the smallest known cov genomes. in phylogenetic trees constructed using chymotrypsin-like protease ( ...200918971277
molecular diversity and phylogeography of the asian leopard cat, felis bengalensis, inferred from mitochondrial and y-chromosomal dna sequences.to investigate genetic diversity and phylogeography of the asian leopard cat (felis bengalensis), mitochondrial dna (mtdna) sequences were determined for 39 individuals from various areas. sequences combining the complete cytochrome b gene (1,140 bp) with the partial control region (646-810 bp) were classified into 24 haplotypes: 21 types from 21 animals, one from eight animals from tsushima islands, one from eight animals from iriomote island, and one from two animals from southeast asia. phylo ...200818533746
cephalopagus conjoined twins in a leopard cat (prionailurus bengalensis).case reports of conjoined twins ("siamese twins") in wild mammals are scarce. most published reports of conjoined twins in mammals concern cases in man and domestic mammals. this article describes a case of cephalopagus conjoined twins in a leopard cat (prionailurus bengalensis) collected on the island of sumatra, indonesia, in the period 1873-76. a review of known cases of conjoined twinning in wild mammals is given.200818263837
coprology of panthera tigris altaica and felis bengalensis euptilurus from the russian far east.fecal samples from the siberian tiger (panthera tigris altaica) and the amur cat (felis bengalensis euptilurus) from far eastern russia, were examined for parasites. a natural sedimentation methodology was used and a complete examination of all the sediment was performed. this fecal investigation allowed us to isolate and identify several developmental stages of gastrointestinal, hepatic, and respiratory parasites. five parasites were found from p. t. altaica: 11 trematodes (platynosomum fastosu ...200717918383
development of y chromosome intraspecific polymorphic markers in the felidae.y chromosome haplotyping based on microsatellites and single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) has proved to be a powerful tool for population genetic studies of humans. however, the promise of the approach is hampered in the majority of nonhuman mammals by the lack of y-specific polymorphic markers. we were able to identify new male-specific polymorphisms in the domestic cat felis catus and 6 additional felidae species with a combination of molecular genetic and cytogenetic approaches including 1 ...200717646273
detection of toxolasma gondii in captive wild felids.toxoplasma gondii can infect all species of warm-blooded animals, including humans, and causes serious diseases in immunocompromized hosts. live tachyzoites derived from serial passage in hela culture were used in the sabin-feldman dye test for detection of toxoplasma gondii antibody in serum samples of 21 captive wild felids including one fishing cat (prion nailurus viverrina), one leopard (panthera pardus), two flat-headed cats (prion nailurus planiceps), 6 tigers (panthera tigris), two leopar ...200617547043
detection of a novel and highly divergent coronavirus from asian leopard cats and chinese ferret badgers in southern china.since an outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (sars) was averted in 2004, many novel coronaviruses have been recognized from different species, including humans. bats have provided the most diverse assemblages of coronaviruses, suggesting that they may be the natural reservoir. continued virological surveillance has proven to be the best way to avert this infectious disease at the source. here we provide the first description of a previously unidentified coronavirus lineage detected fro ...200717459938
pneumonia associated with eugonic fermenter-4 bacteria in two chinese leopard cats. 198817423167
hepatozoonosis in two species of japanese wild cat.hepatozoon sp. infections were detected in two species of japanese wild cat, iriomote wild cat (felis iriomotensis) and tsushima leopard cat (felis bengalensis euptilura), between april 1993 and october 2005. the prevalence was 56.7% (17/30) and 14.3% (6/42), respectively. the most affected organ was the heart; all infected animals had organisms in their hearts. the parasitizing form was schizont and various developmental stages were observed. the size of schizont and merozoite was 22.3 +/- 3.1 ...200616953084
in vitro production and initiation of pregnancies in inter-genus nuclear transfer embryos derived from leopard cat (prionailurus bengalensis) nuclei fused with domestic cat (felis silverstris catus) enucleated oocytes.the leopard cat (prionailurus bengalensis), a member of the felidae family, is currently listed as threatened by the ministry of environment in south korea. in exotic or endangered species, the lack of oocytes and recipients precludes the use of traditional somatic cell nuclear transfer, and an approach such as inter-genus nuclear transfer may be the only alternative for producing embryos and offspring. in the present study, we used the leopard cat as a somatic cell donor to evaluate the in vivo ...200616384598
nuclear and microtubule remodeling and in vitro development of nuclear transferred cat oocytes with skin fibroblasts of the domestic cat (felis silvestris catus) and leopard cat (prionailurus bengalensis).the leopard cat (prionailurus bengalensis), a member of the felidae family, is a threatened animal in south korea. in terms of protecting endangered felids, nuclear transfer (nt) is a potentially valuable technique for assuring the continuation of species with dwindling numbers. in the present experiment, nuclear and microtubule remodeling and the in vitro developmental potential of enucleated domestic cat oocytes reconstructed with nuclei of somatic cells from either domestic cat fibroblast (dc ...200616310987
fecal dna analysis for identifying species and sex of sympatric carnivores: a noninvasive method for conservation on the tsushima islands, japan.fecal analysis is a useful tool for the investigation of food habits and species identity in mammals. however, it is generally difficult to identify the species based on the morphological features and contents of feces deposited by mammals of similar body size. therefore we developed noninvasive dna analysis methods using fecal samples for identification of the species and sex of four small sympatric carnivores living on the tsushima islands of japan: the leopard cat (felis bengalensis), japanes ...200516267168
genetic diversity in domestic cats felis catus of the tsushima islands, based on mitochondrial dna cytochrome b and control region nucleotide sequences.nucleotide sequences of mitochondrial dna (mtdna) of 50 domestic cats (felis catus) obtained from the tsushima islands were determined and the genetic diversity was analyzed. in the cats, six haplotypes of the complete cytochrome b sequences (1,140 base-pairs, bp) and ten haplotypes of the partial control region sequences (350 bp) were identified. haplotypes obtained from both genes showed existence of at least 11 maternal lineages of domestic cats in tsushima. mean values of polymorphic site nu ...200515988156
seroprevalence and genomic divergence of circulating strains of feline immunodeficiency virus among felidae and hyaenidae species.feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) infects numerous wild and domestic feline species and is closely related to human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and simian immunodeficiency virus (siv). species-specific strains of fiv have been described for domestic cat (felis catus), puma (puma concolor), lion (panthera leo), leopard (panthera pardus), and pallas' cat (otocolobus manul). here, we employ a three-antigen western blot screening (domestic cat, puma, and lion fiv antigens) and pcr analysis to sur ...200515956574
comparative immobilization of wild felids in thailand.we immobilized individuals of four free-ranging felid species, leopard cat (prionailurus bengalensis), clouded leopard (neofelis nebulosa), asiatic golden cat (catopuma temminckii), and marbled cat (pardofelis marmorata) with ketamine hydrochloride and xylazine hydrochloride (kh-xh) and with tiletamine hydrochloride and zolazepam hydrochloride (th-zh) between march 1998 and july 2002. mean (+/-sd) dose of kh and xh was 26.51+/-5.71 mg/kg and 1.89+/-0.43 mg/kg, respectively (n=25), and mean dose ...200415465729
ticks (acari: ixodidae) parasitizing wild carnivores in phu khieo wildlife sanctuary, thailand.ixodid ticks were collected and identified from 8 wild carnivore species in phu khieo wildlife sanctuary, northeastern thailand. six tick species belonging to 4 genera were recovered and identified from 132 individuals. these included amblyomma testudinarium (n = 36), haemaphysalis asiatica (n = 58), h. hystricis (n = 31), h. semermis (n = 3), rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides (n = 3), and ixodes granulatus (n = 1). leopard cats (prionailurus bengalensis) (n = 19) were infested with 4 tick species, ...200415270119
monoclonal antibodies that distinguish antigenic variants of canine parvovirus.canine parvovirus (cpv) is classified as a member of the feline parvovirus (fpv) subgroup. cpv isolates are divided into three antigenic types: cpv type 2 (cpv-2), cpv-2a, and cpv-2b. recently, new antigenic types of cpv were isolated from vietnamese leopard cats and designated cpv-2c(a) or cpv-2c(b). cpv-2c viruses were distinguished from the other antigenic types of the fpv subgroup by the absence of reactivity with several monoclonal antibodies (mabs). to characterize the antigenicity of cpv- ...200314607871
second-generation integrated genetic linkage/radiation hybrid maps of the domestic cat (felis catus).we report construction of second-generation integrated genetic linkage and radiation hybrid (rh) maps in the domestic cat (felis catus) that exhibit a high level of marker concordance and provide near-full genome coverage. a total of 864 markers, including 585 coding loci (type i markers) and 279 polymorphic microsatellite loci (type ii markers), are now mapped in the cat genome. we generated the genetic linkage map utilizing a multigeneration interspecies backcross pedigree between the domestic ...200312692169
genetic analysis of canine parvovirus isolates (cpv-2) from dogs in italy.genetic and antigenic properties of 62 field isolates of canine parvovirus (cpv-2) collected from 1994 to 2001 in italy were investigated. antigenic characterisation was conducted using specific monoclonal antibodies (mabs). the vp1\vp2 gene was amplified by pcr and characterised with restriction endonucleases to detect the 297 and 265 variant. the vp2 gene of 16 isolates was sequenced and molecular genetic analysis was conducted. the antigenic type prevalent among our isolates is type 2a as wel ...200211864747
cytochrome b gene for species identification of the conservation animals.a partial dna sequence of cytochrome b gene was used to identify the remains of endangered animals and species endemic to taiwan. the conservation of animals species included in this study were: the formosan gem-faced civets, leopard cats, tigers, clouded leopards, lion, formosan muntjacs, formosan sika deers, formosan sambars, formosan serows, water buffalo, formosan pangolins and formosan macaques. the control species used included domestic cats, domestic dogs, domestic sheeps, domestic cattle ...200111587860
genetic analyses of feline foamy virus isolates from domestic and wild feline species in geographically distinct areas.to know the genetic diversities and phylogenetic relationship among feline foamy virus (fefv) isolates from domestic cats (felis catus) and fefv-related viruses from the iriomote cats (felis iriomotensis) and leopard cats (felis bengalensis) in geographically distinct areas, we sequenced a partial gag-pol region of 17 strains and a partial env region of nine strains, and the u3 region of long terminal repeat of three strains of the viruses. fefv-related viruses from the feral cats were quite sim ...200111410316
integration of the feline radiation hybrid and linkage maps.the recent development of genome mapping resources for the domestic cat provides a unique opportunity to study comparative medicine in this companion animal which can inform and benefit both veterinary and human biomedical concerns. we describe here the integration and order comparison of the feline radiation hybrid (rh) map with the feline interspecies backcross (isb) genetic linkage map, constructed by a backcross of f1 hybrids between domestic cat (felis catus) and the asian leopard cat (prio ...200111353390
predominance of canine parvovirus (cpv) in unvaccinated cat populations and emergence of new antigenic types of cpvs in cats.serological, sequence, and in vitro host range analyses of feline parvovirus (fpv) isolates in vietnam and taiwan revealed that more than 80% of the isolates were of the canine parvovirus (cpv) type, rather than feline panleukopenia virus (fplv). although parvovirus isolates from three vietnamese leopard cats were genetically related to cpv type 2a or 2b, they had a natural mutation of vp2 residue 300 gly to an asp, resulting in remarkable changes in their antigenic properties. these results ind ...200011112475
contrastive prevalence of feline retrovirus infections between northern and southern vietnam.the prevalence of infections with three feline retroviruses; feline leukemia virus (felv), feline immunodeficiency virus (fiv) and feline foamy virus (fefv), was examined in domestic cats (felis catus) and leopard cats (felis bengalensis) in southern vietnam in 1998. we then compared this data with our previous study in northern vietnam in 1997. none of the cats had felv antigens in both the northern and southern areas. in contrast, there is a great distinction in the seropositivity of fiv. twen ...200010993195
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