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dermatophytosis and dermatomycosis in pune.dermatophytosis and dermatomycosis in patients reporting to command hospital (sc) were studied over a period of 3 years. a total of 126 cases were investigated. commonest clinical diagnosis was tinea corporis (39.68%) followed by onychomycosis (20.63%). some patients had infections of multiple sites. direct examination under koh and dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso) revealed fungal elements in 43 (34.12%) cases. fungi were isolated from 44 (34.92%) cases. commonly isolated fungi were candida albicans 11 ...199928775555
tinea capitis by microsporum audouinii: case reports and review of published global literature 2000-2016.tinea capitis caused by microsporum audouinii is reported herein from two brazilian schoolchildren, which are brothers. arthroconidia were evidenced on direct examination of scalp hair, and a fungus of the genus microsporum was isolated from cultures of each patient. the isolated fungi were classified as m. audouinii by visualization of species-specific structures, including: pectinate hyphae, chlamydospores, and fusiform macroconidia, sterile growth with characteristic brown pigment in rice gra ...201728736794
total synthesis and pharmacological investigation of cordyheptapeptide a.the present investigation reports the synthesis of a phenylalanine-rich n-methylated cyclopeptide, cordyheptapeptide a (8), previously isolated from the insect pathogenic fungus cordyceps sp. bcc 1788, accomplished through the coupling of n-methylated tetrapeptide and tripeptide fragments followed by cyclization of the linear heptapeptide unit. structure elucidation of the newly synthesized cyclopolypeptide was performed by means of ft-ir, ¹h-nmr, (13)c-nmr, and fast atom bombardment mass spectr ...201728554994
[tinea capitis: main mycosis child. epidemiological study on 10years].despite the changes in their epidemiology, and the improving level of hygiene of the population, tinea capitis is still considered a public health problem in our country, and is the most common type of dermatophytosis in our country. the aim of our study was to evaluate the epidemiological, clinical and mycological features of tinea capitis in children encountered in the tunis region. a retrospective study concerned 1600 children aged 6 months to 15 years suspected to have tinea capitis was cond ...201728501468
first total synthesis and biological screening of a proline-rich cyclopeptide from a caribbean marine sponge.a natural heptacyclopeptide, stylissamide g (7), previously isolated from the bahamian marine sponge stylissa caribica from the caribbean sea, was synthesized via coupling of the tetrapeptide l-phenylalanyl-l-prolyl-l-phenylalanyl-l-proline methyl ester with the tripeptide boc-l-leucyl-l-isoleucyl-l-proline, followed by cyclization of the linear heptapeptide fragment. the structure of the synthesized cyclooligopeptide was confirmed using quantitative elemental analysis, ft-ir, ¹h nmr, (13)c nmr ...201627983681
the changing face of dermatophytic infections worldwide.dermatophytes evolve along with the geography and socioeconomic conditions. epidermophyton floccosum, microsporum audouinii and trichophyton schoenleinii acted as the major pathogens of superficial fungal diseases 100 years ago, but their frequency decreased dramatically since the middle of the twentieth century and they are limited to some less-developed countries nowadays; meanwhile, frequency of trichophyton rubrum, trichophyton interdigitale, trichophyton tonsurans and microsporum canis incr ...201727783316
continuous increase of trichophyton tonsurans as a cause of tinea capitis in the urban area of paris, france: a 5-year-long study.tinea capitis (tc) is a highly contagious fungal infection of the scalp due to dermatophytes in children. to obtain information on the epidemiology of tc in the urban area of paris, we analysed the microbiological results of 3090 patients seen with suspected tc from october 2010 to september 2015 at saint louis hospital, paris, france. a peak of tc was observed in 3-6 year-old children, followed by a progressive decrease until 16 years of age. of the 1311 positive cultures, 95% (1246) yielded on ...201627744309
tinea capitis: temporal shift in pathogens and epidemiology.tinea capitis is the most common type of dermatomycosis in children. its pathogen profile shows geographic variations as well as temporal shifts.201627509419
tinea capitis: erregerspektrum und epidemiologie im zeitlichen wandel.die tinea capitis ist die häufigste dermatomykose des kindesalters. das erregerprofil zeigt unterschiedliche geographische verteilungsmuster und variiert im laufe der zeit.201627509418
isolation, identification, and in vitro antifungal susceptibility testing of dermatophytes from clinical samples at sohag university hospital in egypt.the objective of this study was to isolate, identify, and explore the in-vitro antifungal susceptibility pattern of dermatophytes isolated from clinically suspected cases of dermatophytosis (tinea infections) attending the dermatology outpatient clinic.201627504173
[trichophyton violaceum : main cause of tinea capitis in children at mbarara regional referral hospital in uganda].tinea capitis is caused by anthropophilic, zoophilic or geophilic dermatophytes of the genera microsporum or trichophyton.201627341825
pcr and real-time pcr approaches to the identification of arthroderma otae species microsporum canis and microsporum audouinii/microsporum ferrugineum.the identification of species in the arthroderma otae complex is essential to determine the origin of infection and to eliminate the risk of transmission. microsporum canis is a zoophilic species, whereas microsporum audouinii and microsporum ferrugineum are anthropophilic species. in this paper, we propose alternative methods that permit species-specific identification of both anthropophilic and zoophilic members of the a. otae complex methods: two pcr assays were designed based on differences ...201627306227
dermatophytosis among schoolchildren in three eco-climatic zones of mali.dermatophytosis, and particularly the subtype tinea capitis, is common among african children; however, the risk factors associated with this condition are poorly understood. to describe the epidemiology of dermatophytosis in distinct eco-climatic zones, three cross-sectional surveys were conducted in public primary schools located in the sahelian, sudanian and sudano-guinean eco-climatic zones in mali.201627124571
tinea capitis outbreak among paediatric refugee population, an evolving healthcare challenge.outbreaks of tinea capitis (tc) represent a major medical and economic burden. population migrations have become a phenomenon of increasing relevance for medical conditions management. given the recent massive arrival of immigrants, we sought to determine epidemiologic trends for tc among paediatric populations at the tel aviv medical center. we conducted a retrospective study of all tc cases diagnosed between 2010 and 2014 in a paediatric dermatology unit of a tertiary medical centre, serving a ...201627061446
a one-year survey of microsporum audouinii infections in belgium: epidemiological and genotypic characterization.during recent years the proportion of tinea capitis infections due to microsporum audouinii has increased in both belgium and other european countries. to better understand the emergence of this species, the belgian national reference centre for dermatophytes launched an epidemiological survey on the main anthropophilic dermatophytes causing tinea capitis in belgium and included the genomic characterization of m. audouinii isolates. in total, 116 strains of m. audouinii were confirmed and charac ...201626686810
dermatophyte and non dermatophyte fungi in riyadh city, saudi arabia.dermatophytes are a scientific label for a group of three genera (microsporum, epidermophyton and trichophyton) of fungus that causes skin disease in animals and humans. conventional methods for identification of these fungi are rapid and simple but are not accurate comparing to molecular methods.201526288566
unusual strains of microsporum audouinii causing tinea in europe.we comment on an unusual strain of microsporum (m.) audouinii. it was isolated from tinea corporis of a boy who lived in germany and most likely had acquired his infection during a stay on a farm with animal husbandry in poland. the strain showed features of m. canis (plenty of markedly rough-walled macroconidia, growth on rice, positive hair perforation) as well as of m. audouinii (white thallus, long macroconidia with central constriction) and in vitro it degraded hair of various mammals. beca ...201526252563
[tropical and travel-related dermatomycoses: part 1: dermatophytoses].today, tropical and travel-related dermatomycoses must be increasingly anticipated to present in dermatological offices and clinics. skin infections due to dermatophytes or other fungi may occur after a journey in countries with a high prevalence for the respective causative fungal pathogen, e.g., tinea corporis due to trichophyton soudanense. otherwise, more frequently, single infections and even localized outbreaks due to "exotic" or "imported" pathogens of dermatophytoses occur. these epidemi ...201525868571
the prevalence and pattern of superficial fungal infections among school children in ile-ife, south-western nigeria.fungal infections of the skin and nails are common global problems with attendant morbidity among affected individuals. children are mostly affected due to predisposing factors such as overcrowding and low socioeconomic factors. the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and the clinical patterns of superficial fungal infections among primary school children in ile-ife. a multistage sampling was conducted to select eight hundred pupils from ten primary schools in ile-ife. data on epid ...201425574161
tinea capitis and tinea faciei in the zurich area - an 8-year survey of trends in the epidemiology and treatment patterns.tinea capitis and tinea faciei are dermatophyte infections of the scalp and glabrous skin of the face affecting mainly prepubertal children. during the past 30 years, a significant increase and a change in the pattern of infectious agents has been noted for tinea capitis.201525492629
high dermatophyte contamination levels in hairdressing salons of a west african suburban community.tinea capitis is a dermatophyte infection of scalp is commonly spread by currently infected patients, asymptomatic carriers or by fomites, such as hairdressing tools. however, studies on the risk factors of tinea capitis remain scarce. the aim of this study was to evaluate the dermatophytes contamination level of the hairdressing tools to which hairdressing salon customers are exposed in sirakoro-méguétana, a suburb of bamako, the capital city of mali. a total of 41 hairdressing tools were sampl ...201525385435
outbreak of microsporum audouinii in munich--the return of infectious fungi in germany.after experiencing an unusually high number of microsporum (m.) audouinii infections at our hospital within only a few weeks, we began to investigate and control an outbreak in munich, germany. main goals of our health management were to treat infected persons, identify extent and form of transmission and to prevent new infections. we analysed data from structured interviews with patients and mycological cultures of swabs taken of patients and investigated involved public facilities. outbreak ma ...201425175409
two cases of tinea ciliaris with blepharitis due to microsporum audouinii and trichophyton verrucosum and review of the literature.dermatophytes are rarely taken into account among the causes of blepharitis. in our report, we describe a 69-year-old man and a 40-year-old woman with chronic blepharitis for 10 years and 4 years respectively, in whom we examined the scales and pulled eyelashes on direct microscopy and isolated microsporum audouinii and trichophyton verrrucosum in the culture. we emphasise that dermatophytes may play a role in the etiopathogenesis of chronic blepharitis. in chronic, treatment resistance blephari ...201424724801
cat favus caused by microsporum incurvatum comb. nov.: the clinical and histopathological features and molecular phylogeny.favus is a distinctive form of infection that is caused by exclusively dermatophytes. its clinical presentation is characterized by scutula, which are concave, thick fungal crusts. the best-known examples of human scalp favus are caused by trichophyton schoenleinii and those of mouse favus are caused by t. quinckeanum. however, other dermatophytes, such as t. violaceum, t. verrucosum, microsporum audouinii, m. gallinae, m. gypseum, and m. canis, have been reported sporadically to cause favic les ...201424625676
kerion caused by microsporum audouinii in a child.kerion celsi is rarely associated with microsporum audouinii infection. we report the case of a 3-year-old girl with a kerion celsi caused by m. audouinii and successfully treated with oral terbinafine. fungi identification was made by macro and microscopical colony morphology analyses and molecular (genotypic) studies.201324432216
a multicenter clinicomycological study evaluating the spectrum of adult tinea capitis in egypt.tinea capitis (tc) is a common fungal infection in children but is less frequently encountered in adults. this study evaluates the clinical characteristics and mycological studies of adult tc among the egyptian population.201324336943
antifungal activity of clove essential oil and its volatile vapour against dermatophytic fungi.antifungal activities of clove essential oil and its volatile vapour against dermatophytic fungi including candida albicans, epidermophyton floccosum. microsporum audouinii, trichophyton mentagrophytes, and trichophyton rubrum were investigated. both clove essential oil and its volatile vapour strongly inhibit spore germination and mycelial growth of the dermatophytic fungi tested. the volatile vapour of clove essential oil showed fungistatic activity whereas direct application of clove essentia ...200724015106
public health significance of dermatophytes in ismailia and port said provinces, egypt.[corrected] dermatophytes are common in both developed and developing countries, the species involved and the resulting clinical entities vary geographically.201323760076
antidermatophytic and toxicological evaluations of dichloromethane-methanol extract, fractions and compounds isolated from coula edulis.background:coula edulis bail (olacaceae), is an evergreen tree growing to a height of 25. this study aimed at evaluating the antidermatophytic and toxicological properties of the stem bark of c. edulis extract as well as fractions and compounds isolated from it.methods: the plant extract was prepared by maceration in ch(2)cl(2)-meoh (1:1 v/v). the fractionation of this extract was done by silica gel column chromatography. antidermatophytic activities were assayed using agar dilution method. the ...201123357938
biodiversity of keratinophilic fungal flora in university campus, jaipur, india.soil is well known to support the transient or ongoing existence of keratinophilic fungi and potential source of infection for human and animals201223304673
dermatophytes from skin lesions of domestic animals in nsukka, enugu state, nigeria.dermatophytes are well-recognized cutaneous fungi with public health implications. in nigeria, several studies have been carried out on dermatophytosis in humans; however, data on dermatophytes in animals are lacking.201222913664
a new sphingolipid and furanocoumarins with antimicrobial activity from ficus exasperata.from the methanol extract of the stem bark of ficus exasperata, a new sphingolipid named ficusamide, (2s,3s,4r,11e)-2-[(2',3'-dihydroxyhexacosanoylamino)]-11-octadecene-1,3,4-triol (1), along with three known furanocoumarins, (s)-(-) oxypeucedanin hydrate (2), (r)-(+) oxypeucedanin hydrate (3), bergapten (5-methoxypsoralen) and six other known compounds, were isolated. their structures were characterized basing on spectroscopic methods and chemical evidence. compounds (1-3) were analyzed for the ...201222863713
tinea capitis in the form of concentric rings in an hiv positive adult on antiretroviral treatment.dermatophyte infection may present in the form of concentric rings caused by trichophyton concentricum, known as tinea imbricata. in immunosuppressed patients, there are reports of lesions in the form of concentric rings caused by dermatophytes other than trichophyton concentricum too, mostly by trichophyton tonsurans, known as tinea indesiciva or tinea pseudoimbricata. we report a case of tinea capitis in a hiv-positive adult woman on antiretroviral therapy, who presented with concentric rings ...201222837564
borelli's lactritmel agar induces conidiation in rare-macroconidia producing dermatophytic fungi.macroconidia are among the most important indicators used to identify dermatophytic fungi, but several do not usually sporulate and/or produce macroconidia on sabouraud glucose agar. specifically, microsporum audouinii, m. ferrugineum, trichophyton concentricum, t. schoenleinii, t. verrucosum, and t. violaceum (including t. soudanense and t. yaoundei) rarely form macroconidia and, therefore, cannot be easily identified. in this study, we investigated the production of macroconidia on nine common ...201222563856
Identification of rare macroconidia-producing dermatophytic fungi by real-time PCR.To understand the pathogenicity and clinical significance of dermatophytes (also known as ringworms), the correct identification of these molds is essential. However, in routine practice they are notoriously difficult to classify and identify. The morphology of macroconidia, which are abundantly produced under suitable in vitro conditions, have provided useful criteria for the identification of many of the dermatophytes. However, several of them, including Microsporum audouinii, M. ferrugineum, ...201121954954
multilocus differentiation of the related dermatophytes microsporum canis, microsporum ferrugineum and microsporum audouinii.microsporum ferrugineum, an uncommon causative agent of dermatophytosis, has restricted endemicity. iranian strains suspected to be m. ferrugineum from two patients with tinea were analysed using the rdna internal transcribed spacer (its) region and the partial β-tubulin (bt2) and translation elongation factor 1-α (tef1) genes. strains were compared to reference strains to differentiate m. ferrugineum from its relatives microsporum canis and microsporum audouinii. inter-species differences for t ...201221903828
prevalence of dermatophytosis among primary school children in oke-oyi community of kwara state.background: dermatophytic infections have been known to impact negatively on health and well-being of children. this study was undertaken to determine the prevalence, clinical types as well as the etiologic organisms of dermatophyte infection among primary school children aged 5-16 years in oke-oyi community in kwara state. materials and methods: a 4-months descriptive cross-sectional survey was carried out among 602 children aged 5-16 years in oke-oyi community, in kwara state. results: the pre ...201121493987
total synthesis and antimicrobial activity of a natural cycloheptapeptide of marine origin.the present study deals with the first total synthesis of the proline-rich cyclopolypeptide stylisin 2 via a solution phase technique by coupling of the boc-l-pro-l-ile-l-pro-oh tripeptide unit with the l-phe-l-pro-l-pro-l-tyr-ome tetrapeptide unit, followed by cyclization of the resulting linear heptapeptide fragment. the chemical structure of the finally synthesized peptide was elucidated by ftir, ¹h/¹³c-nmr and fab ms spectral data, as well as elemental analyses. the newly synthesized peptide ...201020948913
microsporum audouinii tinea capitis in a swiss school: assessment and management of patients and asymptomatic carriers.we report three cases involving 7- to 8-year-old children from a swiss school who had refractory tinea capitis due to an unusual strain of microsporum audouinii which perforates hair in vitro. the patients showed no response to modern oral antifungal drugs like terbinafine and fluconazole. after switching to oral griseofulvin, two of the patients had a complete recovery, while the third was cured after the introduction of oral itraconazole. given the high potential for contagion of this anthropo ...201020936914
prevalence and causative fungal species of tinea capitis among schoolchildren in gabon.summary tinea capitis is endemic among schoolchildren in tropical africa. the objective was to determine the prevalence of symptomatic tinea capitis in schoolchildren in gabon. a cross-sectional study was conducted with 454 children aged 4-17 years, attending a rural school and an urban school. the diagnosis of tinea capitis was based on clinically manifest infection, direct microscopic examination using 20% potassium hydroxide (koh) solution and fungal culture. based on clinical examination, 10 ...201020637052
[emergence of microsporum audouinii and trichophyton tonsurans as causative organisms of tinea capitis in the dominican republic].tinea capitis affects mainly children. the frequency and causative organism vary from region to region.201020487688
diagnostic pcr tests for microsporum audouinii, m. canis and trichophyton infections.since traditional diagnosis of dermatophyte infections is slow, we present a rapid new pcr test for detection of trichophyton spp., microsporum canis and m. audouinii infections. the performance of the test was evaluated with: 58 dermatophyte isolates; 10 yeast, mould and human dna control samples; 25 routine specimens from patients suspected of having dermatophytosis; 10 hair specimens from guinea pigs experimentally infected with m. canis; and two samples from un-infected control animals. dna ...201019886764
binding of dc-hil to dermatophytic fungi induces tyrosine phosphorylation and potentiates antigen presenting cell function.apcs express receptors recognizing microbes and regulating immune responses by binding to corresponding ligands on immune cells. having discovered a novel inhibitory pathway triggered by ligation of dc-hil on apc to a heparin/heparan sulfate-like saccharide of syndecan-4 on activated t cells, we posited dc-hil can recognize microbial pathogens in a similar manner. we showed soluble recombinant dc-hil to bind the dermatophytes trichophyton rubrum and microsporum audouinii, but not several bacteri ...200919794069
tinea capitis caused by trichophyton soudanense and microsporum audouinii in an adult: a case report.this report presents a rare case of tinea capitis caused by trichophyton soudanense and microsporum audouinii in a 31-year-old woman from senegal. the patient showed atrophic skin lesions causing cicatricial alopecia, scarring being caused by two aetiological agents uncommon in spain.201119712077
distribution of dermatophytes and other related fungi in jaipur city, with particular reference to soil ph.screening of 217 soil samples of different habitats, such as pg study centre, garden, farmhouse, nursery, roadside, hostel, animal habitat, bird habitat, marriage garden, temple, vegetable market and house dust, was carried out for the presence of dermatophytes and related fungi in relation to soil ph. a total of 461 isolates belonging to 26 genera and 34 species were recorded. soil ph values vary from 3 to 10.5. trichophyton verrucosum, microsporum audouinii and m. canis were isolated for the f ...201119638000
tinea corporis caused by an unusual strain of microsporum audouinii that perforates hair in vitro.we report on a dermatophyte infection acquired by a young woman from germany who had worked in ghana. the strain isolated from her skin lesions showed morphological and physiological features compatible with microsporum audouinii but a clearly positive hair perforation test made its definite identification by conventional methods equivocal. a genetic analysis finally unambiguously revealed microsporum audouinii. this is the first observation of a microsporum audouinii strain with a positive hair ...201019538519
antimicrobial activity of the crude extract, fractions and compounds from stem bark of ficus ovata (moraceae).this study was designed to investigate the antimicrobial activities of the methanol extracts from the stem bark of ficus ovata (fob), fractions (fob1-6) and compounds isolated following bio-guided fractionation [3-friedelanone (1), taraxeryl acetate (2), betulinic acid (3), oleanoïc acid (4), 2-hydroxyisoprunetin (5), 6,7-(2-isopropenyl furo)-5,2,4-trihydroxyisoflavone (6), cajanin (7) and protocatechuic acid (8)].200919450673
clinico-etiologic correlates of onychomycosis in sikkim.the etiological spectrum of any superficial mycosis is largely dependent on the flora in the immediate environment of the individual. it is influenced by the geographic, climatic and occupational factors. the study is basically to formulate baseline data for the species prevalence of various dermatophytes in patients with onychomycosis attending the central referral hospital, gangtok, sikkim.200919332910
an antifungal property of crude plant extracts from anogeissus leiocarpus and terminalia avicennioides.chloroform, ethanolic, methanolic, ethyl acetate and aqueous root extracts of anogeissus leiocarpus and terminalia avicennioides were investigated in vitro for antifungal activities against aspergillus niger, aspergillus fumigatus, penicillium species, microsporum audouinii and trichophyton rubrum using radial growth technique. the plant extracts inhibited the growth of all the test organisms. the minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) of the extracts ranged between 0.03 microg/ml and 0.07 micro ...200818680963
the emergence of trichophyton tonsurans in port-au-prince, haiti.the occurrence of the anthropophilic dermatophyte trichophyton tonsurans as a frequent causative agent of tinea capitis in several developed countries has been associated with a global rise in its isolation during recent years. while t. tonsurans was never found in haiti before 1988, a sharp increase in the number of isolates of this species from scalp lesions began to be observed in 2005 in port-au-prince, haiti. a prospective study was conducted in port-au-prince from may to november 2006 of 6 ...200918608887
high prevalence of tinea capitis in newly arrived migrants at an english-language school, melbourne, 2005.to investigate a reported increase in tinea capitis in an english-language school to determine if it was an outbreak and whether control measures were warranted.200818601634
updates on the epidemiology of dermatophyte infections.the spectrum of dermatophytes isolated from skin lesions had changed in last 70 years. before the second world war in germany, microsporum audouinii and epidermophyton floccosum ranked the first, whereas trichophyton rubrum is the most common dermatophyte since the fifties of last century, accounting for 80-90% of the strains, followed by t. mentagrophytes. this evolution is typical for central and north europe and it needs to be connected with the increase in the incidence of tinea pedis. in co ...200818478365
[mycological view of dermatophytes in humans.].dermatophytes are a group of closely related fungi that have the capacity to invade keratinized tissue (skin, hair, and nails) of humans and animals to produce an infection, dermatophytosis, commonly referred to as ringworm. dermatophytoses are common of world wide: in the united states, microsporum audouinii and microsporum canis, once the major agents of tinea capitis, have been superseded by trichophyton tonsurans. since the 1950s, t. tonsuranshas advanced from mexico and the caribbean and is ...199918473586
synthesis and biological activity of peptide derivatives of iodoquinazolinones/nitroimidazoles.two substituted quinazolinyl/imidazolyl-salicylic acids 5, 6 were synthesized by the reaction of 6-iodo-2-methylbenzoxazin-4-one/5-nitroimidazole with 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-asa). coupling of compounds 5 and 6 with different amino acid ester hydrochlorides, dipeptide and tripeptide methyl esters yielded novel quinazolino/imidazolopeptide derivatives 5a-f and 6a-g. the chemical structures of all newly synthesized compounds were confirmed by means of ft-ir, (1)h- and (13)c-nmr, msand elemental a ...200818463598
tinea capitis among primary school children in some parts of central nigeria.tinea capitis is the most common superficial mycosis in children of school age. although it is of public health importance, it is not a reportable or notifiable disease; therefore, actual prevalence figures are unknown in many endemic areas. the aim of this work was to determine the prevalence of tinea capitis among primary school children in two states in central nigeria, highlighting the main aetiological agents of the infection and possible predisposing factors. a total of 28 505 primary scho ...200818422924
tinea capitis among primary school children in anambra state of nigeria.tinea capitis continues to be a common problem of infancy and childhood, particularly among those living in unhygienic crowded conditions. the prevalence and aetiology of tinea capitis have not been well defined in anambra state of nigeria - hence the need to undertake this study. a total of 47,723 primary school children residing in different regions of the state was screened for tinea capitis between 2002 and 2005. of this number, 4498 (9.4%) had tinea capitis. the highest prevalence of the di ...200818422917
tinea capitis among children at one suburban primary school in the city of maputo, mozambique.this study evaluated the prevalence of tinea capitis among schoolchildren at one primary school and also identified the causative agents. scalp flakes were collected from children presenting clinical signs suggestive of tinea capitis. dermatophytes were identified by following standard mycological procedures. this study found a clinical prevalence of tinea capitis of 9.6% (110/1149). the dermatophytes isolated were microsporum audouinii, trichophyton violaceum, and trichophyton mentagrophytes. t ...200717876474
identification of dermatophytes by an oligonucleotide array.species of dermatophytes are classified into three anamorphic (asexual) genera, epidermophyton, microsporum, and trichophyton. conventional methods used to identify dermatophytes are often lengthy and may be inconclusive because of atypical microscopic or colony morphology. based on the internal transcribed spacer 1 (its-1) and its-2 sequences of the rrna genes, an oligonucleotide array was developed to identify 17 dermatophyte species. the method consisted of pcr amplification of the its region ...200717687010
epidemiology of tinea capitis in europe: current state and changing patterns.tinea capitis (scalp ringworm) is the most common dermatophyte infection of the scalp affecting mainly children and rarely adults. the epidemiology of tinea capitis varies within different geographical areas throughout the world. it may occur sporadically or epidemically and an increase in its incidence has been noted over the last few decades. the aim of the study is to obtain a general overview of the current state and changing pattern of tinea capitis in europe. according to the literature, t ...200717681048
epidemiology of dermatophytoses in a rural community in eastern nigeria and review of literature from africa.a total of 4,287 primary school children, comprising 1,740 males and 2,547 females in arochukwu local government area of abia state nigeria were examined for clinical signs of dermatophytoses. about 873 (20.4%), consisting of 505 males and 368 females had lesions consistent with dermatophytoses. the disease was more prevalent in males (29%) than females (14.4%) in a ratio of approximately 2:1 (p < 0.05). the infection rate increased from 16.8% in the 4-6 year age group to a peak of 28.1% in the ...200717657581
pycnanthuquinone c: a new terpenoid-quinone from pycnanthus angolensis.a new compound containing a unique terpenoid-quinone skeleton, pycnanthuquinone c (1) along with the known sargachromenol (2), prunetin (3), biochanin a (4), calopiptin (5), (12 s,13 s)-12,13-dihydroxylabda-8(17),14-dien-18-oic acid (6), (12 r,13 s)-12,13-dihydroxylabda-8(17),14-dien-18-oic acid (7), and sitosterol 3- o-beta- d-glucopyranoside (8), were isolated from the stem bark of pycnanthus angolensis. their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic means and comparison with published data ...200717295184
five-hour diagnosis of dermatophyte nail infections with specific detection of trichophyton rubrum.a rapid two-step dna extraction method and a multiplex pcr for the detection of dermatophytes in general and trichophyton rubrum specifically were developed and evaluated with dna extracted from pure cultures and from clinically diseased nails. dna from the following dermatophytes was used: epidermophyton floccosum, microsporum audouinii, microsporum canis, microsporum gypseum, microsporum nanum, trichophyton mentagrophytes, trichophyton rubrum, trichophyton schoenleinii, trichophyton soudanense ...200717267633
antidermatophytic triterpenoids from syzygium jambos (l.) alston (myrtaceae).chemical investigation of the etoac extract of the stem bark of syzygium jambos (l.) alston (myrtaceae) afforded a number of known triterpenes such as friedelin, beta-amyrin acetate, betulinic acid and lupeol. friedelin was submitted to a baeyer-villiger oxidation, and was also reduced with lialh(4) to give the known friedelolactone and friedelanol, respectively. these compounds were identified by comparison of nmr spectral data with those from the literature. the etoac extract and the isolated ...200717128435
dectin-2 is a pattern recognition receptor for fungi that couples with the fc receptor gamma chain to induce innate immune responses.antigen presenting cells recognize pathogens via pattern recognition receptors (prr), which upon ligation transduce intracellular signals that can induce innate immune responses. because some c-type lectin-like receptors (e.g. dectin-1 and dcsign) were shown to act as prr for particular microbes, we considered a similar role for dectin-2. binding assays using soluble dectin-2 receptors showed the extracellular domain to bind preferentially to hyphal (rather than yeast/conidial) components of can ...200617050534
prevalence of dermatophytosis in junior secondary schoolchildren in ogun state, nigeria.a total of 2772 randomly selected junior secondary school pupils (aged 8-14) from 60 schools were examined for dermatophytic infections by direct microscopy and culture-based laboratory diagnostic methods. of these, 641 (23.21%) had dermatophytosis. out of these, 376 (13.56%) were male while 265 (9.56%) were female. aetiological agents identified with infection were microsporum canis (30.19%), microsporum audouinii (32.92%), trichophyton interdigitale (14.37%), trichophyton soudanense (9.73%) an ...200617022768
tinea capitis among rural school children of the district of magude, in maputo province, mozambique.the study was carried out in two rural primary schools of the district of magude, the largest district of maputo province in 2001. the prevalence of tinea capitis in each school was 11.6% (49/422) and 6.8% (18/263) and affected predominantly male children. the most common dermatophytes isolated from both schools were microsporum audouinii. however, trichophyton mentagrophytes was also found to be an important causal agent of tinea capitis in the district of magude. although the prevalence of tin ...200617022765
specific primers for rapid detection of microsporum audouinii by pcr in clinical samples.this report describes application of pcr fingerprinting to identify common species of dermatophytes using the microsatellite primers m13, (gaca)4, and (gtg)5. the initial pcr analysis rendered a specific dna fragment for microsporum audouinii, which was cloned and sequenced. based on the sequencing data of this fragment, forward (ma_1f) and reverse (ma_1r) primers were designed and verified by pcr to establish their reliability in the diagnosis of m. audouinii. these primers produced a singular ...200617005755
the changing pattern of tinea capitis in jamaica.the species of dermatophyte fungi causing tinea capitis vary from country to country and may also change with time. this study was done to identify the predominant organisms causing tinea capitis in the jamaican population. it was a retrospective study looking at all fungal culture requests to the microbiology department at the university hospital of the west indies during the period january 1, 1998 to december 31, 2002. the results showed a gradual switch from the dominance of microsporum audou ...200616921700
dermatophytoses in monterrey, méxico.in the present report we reviewed a total of 2397 cases of dermatophytosis from superficial cutaneous lesions between the years 1978 and 1990. the cases included were from the department of dermatology at the university hospital located in the city of monterrey, méxico. a total of 726 tinea pedis, 613 tinea unguium, 441 tinea capitis, 395 tinea corporis and 222 tinea cruris cases were observed. the most commonly isolated dermatophyte species was trichophyton rubrum (45%), followed by trichophyto ...200616466445
prevalence of dermatophytic fungal infections in children: a recent study in anambra state, nigeria.we conducted a recent survey of dermatological fungal infections amongst children in both urban and rural parts of anambra state in the south-east geographical flank of nigeria during the period january 2003 to december 2003. samples were collected from 1624 children with clinically suggestive lesions and also between the ages of 4 and 16. young children aged 7-11 and 4- 6 years had significantly higher incidences (p < 0.05) than their older colleagues aged 12-16 years among samples proved to be ...200516205973
chemical composition and antidermatophytic properties of volatile fractions of hexanic extract from leaves of cupressus lusitanica mill. from cameroon.the chemical composition of five column fractions of hexanic leaf extract of cupressus lusitanica were analysed by gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and then tested for their antidermatophytic activities using the agar dilution method. the first fraction (f(1)) has only hydrocabon monoterpenes with alpha-pinene (80.0%) as major component. the main constituents of the second fraction (f(2)) were epi-bicyclosesquiphellandrene (35.3%), epi-zonarene (10.3%), 1s, cis-calamen ...200616169171
tinea capitis in infants in their first year of life.tinea capitis is the most common type of dermatophytosis in children, but is uncommon in the first year of life.200415491432
[tinea capitis by microsporum audouinii].we report the case of a four year-old girl from equatorial guinea who had been living in spain for the last month. she presented several alopecic patches on the scalp. the direct study of the hair with 40% koh showed an ectothrix infection and the mycological study revealed the etiologic agent was microsporum audouinii. we present this case because of its rarity in our country and we point out the increasing interest of the imported tineas due to immigration from african countries.200115487914
population structure and evolutionary origins of microsporum canis, m. ferrugineum and m. audouinii.the recurrent evolutionary emergence of asexual lineages within sexual zoo- and anthropophilic dermatophyte species living in animal-frequented soil is likely to be triggered by changes in ecological niche, i.e., shifts of host animal. subsequent adaptation to the new host species is noted. sometimes geographic isolation or intrinsic host factors like human race may also play a role in speciation. in the present study, we elaborate concepts of speciation in dermatophytes using the microsporum ca ...200415450196
endemic of infection with microsporum audouinii in a family of eight persons. 195015426315
immunity of the adult scalp to infection with microsporum audouinii. 195015422183
in vitro antifungal activity of sertaconazole against 309 dermatophyte clinical isolates.three hundred and nine strains belonging to 11 species of dermatophyte moulds were tested against sertaconazole following mainly the national committee for clinical laboratory standards (m38-p) for filamentous fungi. however, several important factors such as the temperature (28 degrees c vs 35 degrees c) and time of incubation (4-10 d vs 21-74 h), have been modified. sertaconazole was active against all the clinically important dermatophyte moulds involved in human infections tested. overall ge ...200314998079
tinea capitis among children and adolescents in the farwaniya region of kuwait.analysis of 325 patients (182 males, 143 females) of mycologically proven tinea capitis (tc) seen over a period of two years from january 2001--december 2002 in the farwaniya region of kuwait is presented in this study. the age range was 8 months to 17 years. peak incidence was observed in the 3-14 year age group (79.6%). positive family history and contact with pets were noted in 22% and 36.7% of the cases, respectively. the non-inflammatory 'gray patch' variety was the most common clinical typ ...200314739518
tinea capitis due to microsporum audouinii in malta.we describe a case of tinea capitis in a 4-year-old boy caused by microsporum audouinii var. langeronii. this is the first recorded case of tinea capitis due to this dermatophyte in the maltese islands.200314622396
nonfluorescent microsporum audouinii scalp infections. presence among school children. 196314011465
isolation of microsporum audouinii from a dog. 195713439223
spontaneous microsporum audouinii infection in a guinea pig. 195713439222
[the change of dermatophyte spectrum in dermatomycoses].the spectrum of dermatophytes out of mycotic skin lesions had changed in last 70 years. before the second world war in germany microsporum audouinii and epidermophyton floccosum held the first position, since the fifties of last century trichophyton rubrum is the most frequently isolated dermatophyte accounting for 80-90% of the strains, followed by t. mentagrophytes. this development is typical for central and north europe and is connected with the increase in the incidence of tinea pedis. in c ...200312955853
tinea capitis in a newborn infected by microsporum audouinii in spain. 200312705769
an outbreak of tinea capitis in a child care centre.we describe an outbreak of tinea capitis in a kindergarten. individuals with relation to the institution were examined clinically and mycologically (n-98), microsporum audouinii was cultured from 12 people, out of whom eight patients had tinea capitis, four patients had tinea corporis, and three patients had both. the problems with spread of anthropophilic infections and the difficulties with treatment of microsporum dermatophytes are discussed.200312705146
dermatophytes isolated from patients in university hospital, kuala lumpur, malaysia.a total of 576 dermatophytes were isolated from patients with a variety of skin infections from january 1993 to may 2000. ten species of dermatophytes were identified: epidermophyton floccosum (0.7%), microsporum audouinii (1.1%), m. canis (3.1%), m. gypseum (0.3%), trichophyton concentricum (3.5%), t. equinum (0.2%), t. mentagrophytes (36.1%), t. rubrum (53.8%), t. verrucosum (0.2) and t. violaceum (1.0%). the body sites most frequently affected by dermatophytes were the buttocks, nails and tru ...200212650596
[an outbreak of tinea capitis in a child care center].we describe an outbreak of tinea capitis in a kindergarten. individuals with relation to the institution were examined clinically and mycologically (n = 98). microsporum audouinii was cultured from 12 people, out of whom eight patients had tinea capitis and seven patients had tinea corporis. three patients had both tinea capitis and tinea corporis. the problems with spread of anthropophilic infections and the difficulties with treatment of microsporum dermatophytes are discussed.200212523227
keratinolytic activity of five human isolates of the dermatophytes.the keratinolytic activity of five species of the dermatophytes which include trichophyton rubrum, t. mentagrophytes, t. tonsurans, microsporum audouinii and m. gypseum isolated from school children were tested using human hair as the substrate. m. gypseum was found to possess the highest keratinolytic activity with a net value of released protein being 78.8 ug/ml after five weeks of incubation. also the net value of released protein for t. tonsurans, t. rubrum, t. mentagrophytes and m. audouini ...200011668942
the aetiological agents of tinea capitis in zaragoza (spain).between 1977 and 1997, 190 cases of tinea capitis were observed. the age groups most commonly infected were 1-10 years old. the following dermatophytes were isolated: microsporum canis (119), trichophyton mentagrophytes (57), trichophyton tonsurans (seven), trichophyton verrucosum (three), trichophyton violaceum (one), trichophyton schoenleinii (one), trichophyton soudanense (one) and microsporum audouinii (one).200111398641
a randomized comparison of 4 weeks of terbinafine vs. 8 weeks of griseofulvin for the treatment of tinea capitis.tinea capitis is a common childhood infection that has recently become more frequent in urban areas in europe and the u.s.a. the current licensed treatment in children is griseofulvin 10 mg kg(-1) daily, which is usually given for 6--8 weeks.200111251566
[microsporum canis mycetoma of the scalp].mycetoma is a chronic subcutaneous tumefaction with presence of grains or granules. etiological agents include bacteria or filamentous fungi. mycetoma due to dermatophytes is uncommon, mainly occurring in africa. to our knowledge, no case has been reported in the west indies. only two observations of micosporum canis mycetoma in humans have been reported in the literature. we report a third case of mycetoma of the scalp caused by this fungus.200011011164
broad spectrum herbal therapy against superficial fungal infections.skin disease associated with keratinized tissues in animal and human beings has been investigated. the essential oil of eucalyptus pauciflora in vitro showed strong antifungal activity at 1.0 microl/ml against human pathogenic fungi, viz. epidermophyton floccosum, microsporum audouinii, m. canis, m. gypseum, m. nanum, trichophyton mentagrophytes, t. rubrum, t. tonsurans and t. violaceum. the oil has heavy doses of inoculum potential at 1.0 microl/ml. moreover, it did not exhibit any adverse effe ...200010657767
tinea capitis: a current perspective.during the past 50 years, the predominant etiologic agent of tinea capitis in the united states and in western europe has changed from microsporum audouinii to trichophyton tonsurans. this is thought to be due in part to the sensitivity of m audouinii to griseofulvin treatment and, in part, due to the importing of t tonsurans by people emigrating from geographic areas where that vector had been the prominent cause of tinea capitis. with these changes, prospects for newer therapies with the novel ...200010607315
[scanning electron microscope sudy of the morphology of fungi isolated from patients at the aristide la dantec hospital in dakar, senegal].in order to improve the identification of fungi usually isolated among some patients at dantec hospital, a study by scanning electron microscopy has been carried out. it deals with four species of yeasts (candida albicans, candida parapsilosis, rhodotorula rubra sacharomyces cerevisiae) six species of dermatophytes (trichophyton rubrum, trichophyton soudanense, trichophyton interdigitale, microsporum canis, trichophyton violaceum, microsporum audouinii); two species of mildew, (aspergullus flavu ...19969827085
[dermatophytes isolated in our clinics. 5-year-study in zaragoza].this review summarizes the different species of dermatophytes isolates in our laboratory between 1991 and 1995. we describe the clinical forms and establish the distribution over this period of time.19979580210
dermatophytomycoses in children in rural kenya: the impact of primary health care.in a survey of 5780 children from 13 schools in rural kisumu district (western kenya) in 1993, a prevalence rate of dermatophytomycoses of 10.1% was found. three-quarters of the affected children suffered from tinea capitis (prevalence rate 7.8%), caused by microsporum audouinii var. langeronii, trichophyton violaceum and microsporum canis. in 1994, a dermatology programme within the primary health care system was started. twelve community health workers (chws), trained in diagnosis and treatmen ...19979260482
dermatophytosis in schoolchildren in ekpoma, nigeria.of 1400 pupils from two public primary schools in ekpoma, edo state, nigeria, who were screened for dermatophyte infection, 188 (13.4%) were infected. the causative agents isolated included microsporum audouinii in 88 (46.8%), trichophyton mentagrophytes in 48 (25.5%), t. rubrum in 40 (21.3%), t. tonsurans in four (2.1%) and epidermophyton floccosum in eight (4.3%). there were significant differences in the rate of infection between male and female schoolchildren as well as between children from ...19969009650
the spectrum of dermatophytes in northern malawi (africa).between 1.5% and 2.5% of the population in karonga district, northern malawi (africa), were diagnosed as having tinea faciei, corporis, inguinalis or cruris in the course of a total population survey carried out between 1987 and 1989. with regard to the relative frequency distribution of dermatophytes, the main findings were the rarity of trichophyton rubrum (around 1%) and the predominance of microsporum audouinii (57%) in this part of africa. in the genital area epidermophyton floccosum was th ...19969009648
a randomized double-blind comparative study of terbinafine for 1, 2 and 4 weeks in tinea capitis.we report a randomized, double-blind study, comparing the relative efficacy and tolerability of oral terbinafine, given for 1, 2 or 4 weeks, in tinea capitis. of 161 evaluable patients, 53 were treated with terbinafine for 1 week, 51 for 2 weeks and 57 for 4 weeks. isolated pathogens included trichophyton violaceum (71.5%), t. tonsurans (14.9%), t. verrucosum (4.3%), microsporum audouinii (4.3%), m. canis (2.5%), t. schoenleinii (1.9%) and t. mentagrophytes (0.6%). the final evaluation, at 12 we ...19968776365
[antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory actions of tea-leaf saponin].antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory actions of tea-leaf saponin, which was a mixture of saponin separated from leaves of camellia sinensis var. sinensis, were investigated. tea-leaf saponin showed relatively high antimicrobial activity against pathogenic dermal fungi and its mic value for microsporum audouinii was 10 microgam/ml. on the other hand, tea-leaf saponin inhibited rat paw edema induced by carrageenin in a dose dependent manner. activation of hyaluronidase, one of the enzymes involved ...19968721352
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