Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| taxonomic updates for the genus gyrovirus (family anelloviridae): recognition of several new members and establishment of species demarcation criteria. | the genus gyrovirus was assigned to the family anelloviridae in 2017 with only one recognized species, chicken anemia virus. over the last decade, many diverse viruses related to chicken anemia virus have been identified but not classified. here, we provide a framework for the classification of new species in the genus gyrovirus and communicate the establishment of nine new species. we adopted the 'genus + freeform epithet' binomial system for the naming of these species. | 2021 | 34347169 |
| effects of immunosuppression on the efficacy of vaccination against mycoplasma gallisepticum infection in chickens. | immunosuppression can increase the susceptibility of chickens to other disease-causing pathogens and interfere with the efficacy of vaccination against those pathogens. chicken anaemia virus (cav) and infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) are common causes of immunosuppression in chickens. immunosuppression was induced by experimental infection with either cav or ibdv to assess the effect of immunosuppression on the efficacy of vaccination with mycoplasma gallisepticum strain ts-304 against inf ... | 2021 | 34315003 |
| relevance of antibodies against the chicken anaemia virus. | chicken infectious anaemia (cia) virus (cav) inhibits the function of multiple immune compartments. mortality due to clinical infection is controlled in broilers by passive immunization derived from vaccinated breeders. therefore, serological tests are often used in chicks to determine maternally-derived antibodies (mda). we used a vaccine overdose-induced model of cia. the model replicated the most common features of the disease. this model was used to determine the role of mda in the protectio ... | 2021 | 33971216 |
| origin, spreading and genetic variability of chicken anaemia virus. | chicken anaemia virus (cav) is a widespread pathogen that causes immunosuppression in chickens. the virus-induced immunosuppression often results in secondary infections and a sub-optimal response to vaccinations, leading to high mortality rates and significant economic losses in the poultry industry. the small circular ssdna genome (2.3 kb) has three partially overlapping genes: vp1, vp2 and vp3. vp1 capsid protein is highly variable and contains the neutralizing epitopes. here, we analysed cav ... | 2021 | 33928817 |
| an unusual case of haemorrhagic bursa in a pullet flock associated with a genogroup 2 infectious bursal disease virus. | an unusual case of infectious bursal disease (ibd) was observed in eight-week-old commercial caged pullets. this flock (house 1) exhibited a one-day spike in mortality. on gross necropsy examination, enlarged, diffusely haemorrhagic bursas were observed. this lesion has been frequently described in cases of very virulent infectious bursal disease virus (vvibdv). a five-week-old caged pullet flock (house 2) in an adjacent building did not display haemorrhagic bursa lesions. microscopic examinatio ... | 2021 | 33823706 |
| genetic heterogeneity among chicken infectious anemia viruses detected in italian fowl. | chicken infectious anemia virus (ciav) is a pathogen of chickens associated with immunosuppression and with a disease named chicken infectious anemia. the present survey reports an epidemiological study on ciav distribution in italian broiler, broiler breeder and backyard chicken flocks. twenty-five strains were detected by a specifically developed nested pcr protocol, and molecularly characterized by partial vp1 gene or complete genome sequencing. viral dna amplification was successfully obtain ... | 2021 | 33801597 |
| apoptosis triggered by orf3 proteins of the circoviridae family. | apoptosis, a form of the programmed cell death, is an indispensable defense mechanism regulating cellular homeostasis and is triggered by multiple stimuli. because of the regulation of apoptosis in cellular homeostasis, viral proteins with apoptotic activity are particular foci of on antitumor therapy. one representative viral protein is the open reading frame 3 (orf3) protein, also named as apoptin in the circoviridae chicken anemia virus (cav), and has the ability to induce tumor-specific apop ... | 2021 | 33604306 |
| a primary occurrence of inclusion body hepatitis in absence of predisposing agents in commercial broilers in iran: a case report. | fowl adenoviruses (fadvs) associated with certain clinical diseases including inclusion body hepatitis (ibh) have become of considerable importance in the poultry industry. currently, an increasing number of ibh outbreaks in different parts of iranian poultry industries is a growing concern. infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) or chicken infectious anemia virus (ciav) have historically been incriminated as predisposing factors for fadvs to cause ibh. furthermore, some have speculated whether ... | 2020 | 33584845 |
| development and application of a novel triplex protein microarray method for rapid detection of antibodies against avian influenza virus, newcastle disease virus, and avian infectious bronchitis virus. | avian influenza virus (aiv), newcastle disease virus (ndv), and avian infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) inflict immense damage on the global poultry industry annually. serological diagnostic methods are fundamental for the effective control and prevention of outbreaks caused by these viruses. in this study, a novel triplex protein microarray assay was developed and validated for the rapid and simultaneous visualized detection of antibodies against aiv, ndv, and ibv in chicken sera. the aiv nucle ... | 2021 | 33576898 |
| molecular evolution and pathogenicity of chicken anemia virus isolates in china. | chicken infectious anemia (cia), caused by chicken anemia virus (cav), is an important immunosuppressive disease that seriously threatens the global poultry industry. here, we isolated and identified 30 new cav strains from cav-positive flocks. the vp1 genes of these strains were sequenced and analyzed at the nucleotide and amino acid levels and were found to have very similar nucleotide sequences (> 97% identity); however, they showed 93.9-100.0% sequence identity to the vp1 genes of 55 referen ... | 2021 | 33389105 |
| antitumor effects of apoptin expressed by the dual cancer-specific oncolytic adenovirus - a review. | apoptin is a small molecular weight protein derived from chicken anemia virus, which can induce the apoptosis of transformed cells and tumor cells and leave primary and nontransformed cells unharmed. apoptin's cell localization depends on its own phosphorylation state and cell type. in tumor cells, phosphorylated apoptin enters the nucleus and induces apoptosis. while, in normal cells apoptin mainly exists in the cytoplasm. apoptin, as a disordered protein in cells, interacts with many proteins ... | 2020 | 33215453 |
| identification of a novel cell-penetrating peptide derived from the capsid protein of chicken anemia virus and its application in gene delivery. | cell membranes are a great obstacle for entrance of gene therapeutic agents. cell-penetrating peptides (cpps) have been proven as a promising gene delivery tool. however, the early tat peptide derived from the hiv transcription activator protein has been proven that the sequence contains furin protease cleaved motifs which limited the tat application in delivery of exogenous active molecules. in the present study, through the bioinformatics and experimental approach, we have identified a novel c ... | 2020 | 33141296 |
| novel cyclovirus identified in broiler chickens with transmissible viral proventriculitis in china. | in october 2018, an outbreak of transmissible viral proventriculitis (tvp) occurred in 30-day-old commercial broiler chickens on a farm in weifang, china. tvp, an infectious viral disease characterized by runting and stunting, is associated with many viruses, and has a significant economic impact on the global poultry industry. tvp is diagnosed according to clinical symptoms, gross and histological lesions, and negative pcr results for pathogenic bacteria, avian leukosis virus subgroup j, marek' ... | 2020 | 33134354 |
| establishment of an in vitro model of persistent chicken anemia virus infection. | persistent infection of chicken anemia virus (cav) in chickens has been suspected to result in immunosuppression and exogenous virus contamination within vaccine production. however, no direct evidence for persistent cav infection has thus far been obtained. in this study, we aimed to establish an in vitro model of persistent cav infection. cav-infected mdcc-msb1 (msb1) cells, a marek's disease virus-transformed continuous cell line, were cultured in the presence of both cav and cav neutralizing ... | 2020 | 33076262 |
| antiproliferative effects of recombinant apoptin on lung and breast cancer cell lines. | selective therapy has always been the main challenge in cancer treatments. various non-replicative oncolytic viral systems have revealed the safety and efficacy of using viruses and these products. the aim of this paper is to examine the impact of recombinant apoptin on the proliferation of lung cancer and breast cancer cell lines. | 2020 | 32979905 |
| molecular survey of respiratory and immunosuppressive pathogens associated with low pathogenic avian influenza h9n2 subtype and virulent newcastle disease viruses in commercial chicken flocks. | the study was carried out in 48 poultry flocks to elucidate the roles of various complicating pathogens involved along with newcastle disease (nd)/ low pathogenic avian influenza (lpai) outbreaks. necropsy was conducted and samples were collected for the isolation of newcastle disease virus (ndv), influenza a virus, infectious bronchitis virus (ibv), pathogenic bacteria; molecular detection of infectious laryngotracheitis virus (iltv), fowl adeno virus (fav), chicken anaemia virus (cav), mycopla ... | 2017 | 32908424 |
| development and application of an mrt-qpcr assay for detecting coinfection of six vertically transmitted or immunosuppressive avian viruses. | marek's disease virus (mdv), reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev), avian reovirus (arv), chicken infectious anemia virus (ciav), infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv), and fowl adenovirus (fadv) are important causes of disease in poultry. to investigate the infection status of the above six viruses in chickens in china, 1,187 samples from chicken flocks were collected and tested using a newly developed multiplex reverse-transcription quantitative real-time pcr (mrt-qpcr) assay in the study. a seri ... | 2020 | 32765453 |
| generation of a soluble and stable apoptin-egf fusion protein, a targeted viral protein applicable for tumor therapy. | a promising candidate for tumor targeted toxins is the chicken anemia-derived protein apoptin that induces tumor-specific apoptosis. it was aimed to design a novel apoptin-based targeted toxin by genetic fusion of apoptin with the tumor-directed ligand epidermal growth factor (egf) using escherichia coli as expression host. however, apoptin is highly hydrophobic and tends to form insoluble aggregates. therefore, three different apoptin-egf variants were generated. the fusion protein hexa-histidi ... | 2020 | 32681952 |
| correction for kucharski et al., "activation of the chicken anemia virus apoptin protein by chk1/2 phosphorylation is required for apoptotic activity and efficient viral replication". | 2020 | 32546609 | |
| effective production of recombinant δ60vp1 chicken anemia virus protein in escherichia coli and its application to a serodiagnostic indirect elisa. | chicken anemia virus (cav) causes severe anemia and immunosuppression in chickens. vp1 is the main capsid protein, and is suitable for diagnostic kit development, however, it has 24 arginine residues in the first forty n-terminal amino acids of the protein causing toxicity to bacteria leading to reduced prokaryotic expression. in this study, a 60 amino acid n-terminally truncated vp1 (δ60vp1) which removes the toxic region was expressed in escherichia coli and the resultant insoluble recombinant ... | 2020 | 32445874 |
| prevalence of poultry red mite (dermanyssus gallinae) in korean layer farms and the presence of avian pathogens in the mite. | the poultry red mite, dermanyssus gallinae, is a blood-feeding parasite of layer hens and a potential vector of several avian infectious agents. high infestation with d. gallinae in layer farm buildings could result in economic losses, and the mites may act as a reservoir of avian pathogens within farms. this study aimed to assess the prevalence of d. gallinae in layer farm buildings in korea and to investigate avian pathogens in the collected mites. the mite samples were collected from 36 korea ... | 2020 | 32435982 |
| research note: molecular and pathologic characterization of avian adenovirus isolated from the oviducts of laying hens in eastern japan. | cases of poor egg production were investigated in 2 layer farms from ibaraki prefecture in eastern japan. to identify any microbial agents that may have caused the problem, necropsy, bacterial isolation, histopathology, and virus detection were performed. members of the avian adenoviruses was detected by pcr in oviduct samples from both farms; chicken anemia virus coinfection was also confirmed in one of the farms. avian adenovirus was isolated from the oviducts of the affected chickens on each ... | 2020 | 32359581 |
| epidemiology, molecular characterization, and recombination analysis of chicken anemia virus in guangdong province, china. | chicken anemia virus (cav) causes severe anemia and immunosuppression in young chickens and a compromised immune response in older birds, resulting in great economic losses to the poultry industry worldwide. here, we report the molecular epidemiology and characterization of cav circulating in poultry in guangdong province, china. ninety-one of 277 chickens collected from 2016 to 2017 were cav positive. full-genome sequencing revealed the presence of eight separate strains. phylogenetic analysis ... | 2020 | 32318833 |
| the role of apoptin in chicken anemia virus replication. | apoptin is the vp3 protein of chicken anemia virus (cav), which infects the thymocytes and erythroblasts in young chickens, causing chicken infectious anemia and immunosuppression. apoptin is highly studied for its ability to selectively induce apoptosis in human tumor cells and, thus, is a protein of interest in anti-tumor therapy. cav apoptin is known to localize to different subcellular compartments in transformed and non-transformed cells, depending on the dna damage response, and the phosph ... | 2020 | 32316372 |
| the diseases suspected of the involvement of chicken anemia virus infection in 11 to 14-weeks old replacement pullets from eastern japan: a case report. | three strains of chicken anemia virus (cav) were detected in 11 to 14-weeks old chickens, showing depression, wasting, and increased mortality, from three farms in eastern japan. another strain was detected in 12-weeks old chickens from one farm without clinical signs. bacterial infections were suggested in three farms with clinical signs and its involvement in the occurrence of the diseases might be suspected. sequence analysis of the vp1, vp2, and vp3 genes of four cav strains revealed that th ... | 2020 | 32238623 |
| pathological and virological analysis of concurrent disease of chicken anemia virus infection and infectious bronchitis in japanese native chicks. | a concurrent infection of chicken anemia virus (cav) and infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) was detected in japanese native chicks in 2017, in which a high mortality rate (97.7%) was recorded in a small flock of 130 chicks exhibiting poor growth. histological examination revealed that the affected chicks exhibited two different pathological entities: one was severe hematopoietic and lymphocytic depletion with abnormally large cells containing intranuclear inclusion bodies of cav, whereas the othe ... | 2020 | 32074517 |
| a simple and rapid diagnostic method to detect new goose astrovirus using reverse-transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification. | in this study, we develop a reverse-transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (rt-lamp) assay for rapid and easy detection of goose astroviruses (gastvs) in clinical samples. the specific lamp primer sets were designed targeting the orf2 gene of gastv. the conditions of lamp amplification were optimized in terms of reaction time and temperature. the optimal conditions are 60 min in a 60 °c water bath. no cross-reactivity was noted with fowl adenovirus serotype 4 (fadv-4), duck tembusu ... | 2020 | 31879584 |
| preparation of chicken anemia virus (cav) virus-like particles and chicken interleukin-12 for vaccine development using a baculovirus expression system. | chicken infectious anemia (cia) is a poultry disease that causes huge economic losses in the poultry industry worldwide. commercially available cia vaccines are derived from wild-type chicken anemia viruses (cavs) by serial passage in cells or chicken embryos. however, these vaccinal viruses are not completely attenuated; therefore, they can be transmitted vertically and horizontally, and may induce clinical symptoms in young birds. in this study, we sought to eliminate these issues by developin ... | 2019 | 31771230 |
| genetic analysis of avian gyrovirus 2 variant-related gyrovirus detected in farmed king ratsnake (elaphe carinata): the first report from china. | avian gyrovirus 2 (agv2), which is similar to chicken infectious anemia virus, is a new member of the genus gyrovirus. agv2 has been detected not only in chicken but also in human tissues and feces. this study analyzed 91 samples (8 from liver tissue and 83 from fecal samples) collected from king ratsnakes (elaphe carinata) from 7 separate farms in hubei and henan, china, for agv2 dna using pcr. the results demonstrated a low positive rate of agv2 (6.59%, 6/91) in the snakes, and all the positiv ... | 2019 | 31614719 |
| rapid and sensitive real-time recombinase polymerase amplification for detection of marek's disease virus. | marek's disease (md) is one of the most devastating diseases of poultry. it's caused by the highly infectious alphaherpesvirus md virus serotype 1 (mdv-1). in this study, a rapid and easy-to-use assay based on recombinase polymerase amplification (rpa) was developed for mdv detection. primer-probe sets targeting the highly conserved region of meq gene were designed and applied to the rpa assay. the assay was carried out on a real-time thermostatic fluorescence detector at 39 °c for 20 min. as re ... | 2019 | 31580913 |
| genomic characterization of diverse gyroviruses identified in the feces of domestic cats. | gyroviruses (gyvs) are small, single-stranded, circular dna viruses in the genus gyrovirus, which consists of the chicken anemia virus (cav) prototype and nine other viral species. these different gyv species have been reported in chickens, humans, mice, and companion animals. to date, cav has been identified in the feces of domestic cats, while the circulation of other gyv species in cats is currently unknown. in the present study, 197 fecal samples were collected from pet cats in northeast chi ... | 2019 | 31527770 |
| high prevalence of norovirus gii.p16/gii.2 and chicken anemia virus in two acute gastroenteritis outbreaks in huzhou, china. | acute gastroenteritis (age) is one of the most frequently occuring illnesses in children and adults worldwide. in february 2017, two age outbreaks occurred in two adjacent schools in huzhou city, zhenjiang province of china. we detected high percentages of recombinant norovirus gii.p16/gii.2 in one school and chicken anemia virus (cav) in another school using next generation sequencing (ngs) and specific pcr. the results highlight the importance of continuous surveillance of gii.p16/gii.2, and s ... | 2019 | 31507200 |
| oral inoculation of specific-pathogen-free chickens with chicken anemia virus induces dose-dependent viremia and transient anemia. | chicken infectious anemia caused by chicken anemia virus (cav) is a very important immunosuppressive disease in chickens. the horizontal spread of cav in field chickens has been confirmed mainly through oral infection in our published article. anemia is the main symptom of this disease. studies by other scientists have shown that infection of cav in 1-day-old chicks can cause anemia, and the degree of anemia is directly proportional to the dose of infectious virus. however, the pathogenesis of o ... | 2019 | 31500305 |
| faecal virome analysis of wild animals from brazil. | the brazilian cerrado fauna shows very wide diversity and can be a potential viral reservoir. therefore, the animal's susceptibility to some virus can serve as early warning signs of potential human virus diseases. moreover, the wild animal virome of this biome is unknown. based on this scenario, high-throughput sequencing contributes a robust tool for the identification of known and unknown virus species in this environment. in the present study, faeces samples from cerrado birds (psittacara le ... | 2019 | 31480274 |
| chicken anemia virus in northern vietnam: molecular characterization reveals multiple genotypes and evidence of recombination. | chicken anemia virus (cav) has a ubiquitous and worldwide distribution in the chicken production industry. our group previously reported a high seroprevalence of cav in chickens from northern vietnam. in the present study, tissue samples collected from a total of 330 broiler and breeder commercial chickens in eleven provinces of northern vietnam were tested for cav infection. all samples were collected from clinically suspected flocks and diseased birds. the cav genome was detected in 157 out of ... | 2019 | 31290064 |
| a new strategy for the detection of chicken infectious anemia virus contamination in attenuated live vaccine by droplet digital pcr. | chicken infectious anemia virus (ciav) causes the atrophy of bone marrow hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues in chicks, leading to huge economic losses all over the world. the using of attenuated vaccine contaminated with ciav increased the mortality and the pathogenicity of other diseases in many farms. however, it is difficult to detect the ciav contamination by general detection technology due to the extremely low dose of ciav in vaccines. in this study, we established a new method called drop ... | 2019 | 31223613 |
| cross-species transmission of poultry pathogens in backyard farms: ducks as carriers of chicken viruses. | in backyard farms of lao people's democratic republic, mixed-species rearing of poultry is a breeding-ground for cross-species transmission. here, the epidemiology of viruses circulating among backyard poultry in vientiane province was assessed to guide future control strategies. oral/tracheal and cloacal swabs, collected from 605 poultry (308 ducks, 297 chickens) between 2011 and 2015, were screened by pcr for newcastle disease virus (ndv), coronavirus (cov) and chicken anaemia virus (cav). chi ... | 2019 | 31199168 |
| prevalence of fowl adenovirus serotype 4 and co-infection by immunosuppressive viruses in fowl with hydropericardium hepatitis syndrome in shandong province, china. | fowl adenovirus serotype 4 (fadv-4) is the pathogenic agent of hydropericardium hepatitis syndrome (hhs) in chickens and ducks, which has caused huge economic losses for the chinese poultry industry since 2015. in order to objectively determine the prevalence and co-infection status of the virus in shandong province in china, we analyzed a total of 679 clinical cases of chickens and ducks from 36 farms in the province. the results showed that the fadv-4 infection rate was 65.2% (443/679), and th ... | 2019 | 31195615 |
| persistent infection with chicken anemia virus in 3-week-old chickens induced by inoculation of the virus by the natural route. | naturally acquired chicken anemia virus (cav) infection in chickens frequently occurs from 3 weeks of age onward after maternally derived antibodies have decayed. the oral inoculation of older chickens with cav was reported to have negative effects on cell-mediated immune function, and pathological changes were identified. to date, there has been no complete illustration of an immunological and persistent infection. to understand the pathogenesis of persistent cav infection, an immunological stu ... | 2019 | 31013755 |
| identification of nuclear localization signal and nuclear export signal of vp1 from the chicken anemia virus and effects on vp2 shuttling in cells. | vp1 of the chicken anemia virus (cav) is a structural protein that is required for virus encapsulation. vp1 proteins are present both in the nucleus and cytoplasm; however, the functional nuclear localization signal (nls) and nuclear export signal (nes) of vp1 are still unknown. this study aimed to characterize the nls and nes motifs of vp1 using bioinformatics methods and multiple-site fragment deletions, and investigate shuttling of vp2 from nucleus to cytoplasm by co-transfection with vp1. | 2019 | 30953524 |
| tissue tropism of chicken anaemia virus in naturally infected broiler chickens. | chicken anaemia virus (cav) causes chicken infectious anaemia, a severe disease characterized by anaemia and immunosuppression and leading to serious economic losses in the poultry industry worldwide. although cav infection has been investigated under experimental conditions, information regarding natural infection is scarce. this report describes an outbreak of cav infection in 18-day-old broiler chickens and investigates virus tropism in affected birds. thymic atrophy, pale bone marrow, swelli ... | 2019 | 30898295 |
| chicken anemia virus: a deadly pathogen of poultry. | chicken infectious anemia (cia) is an immunosuppressive disease that causes great economic loss in poultry industry globally. this disease is caused by chicken anemia virus (cav), an icosahedral and single-stranded dna virus that is transmitted both vertically and horizontally. cav, which belongs to the genus gyrovirus has been reported in human, mouse and dog feces. rapid identification of different strains of gyrovirus with high similarity to cav has heightened public concern on this virus. cl ... | 2019 | 30879309 |
| chicken anaemia virus enhances and prolongs subsequent avian influenza (h9n2) and infectious bronchitis viral infections. | immunosuppressive viral diseases have a great economic importance in the poultry industry due to the increased susceptibility to secondary infections. chicken anaemia virus (cav) is one of the major immunosuppressive diseases in chickens. in addition, low pathogenic avian influenza (lpai) of subtype h9n2 and infectious bronchitis (ib) viruses are among the most frequently reported respiratory viral diseases in poultry worldwide. in the present study, specific pathogen free chickens were used to ... | 2019 | 30827377 |
| analysis of codon usage pattern in the viral proteins of chicken anaemia virus and its possible biological relevance. | chicken anaemia virus (cav) is an important poultry pathogen. cav infection can lead to severe immunosuppression and mortality in birds. the viral proteins (vp1, vp2 and vp3) are major protective immunogens that determine the pathotype of cav strains. the factors influencing the synonymous codon usage bias and the nucleotide composition of the viral protein genes of cav have not been studied. in the present study, we have analysed the synonymous codon usage pattern in vp1, vp2 and vp3 genes of c ... | 2019 | 30665022 |
| molecular epidemiology of chicken anaemia virus in sick chickens in china from 2014 to 2015. | chicken anaemia virus (cav), a member of the genus gyrovirus, is the etiological agent of chicken infectious anaemia. cav infects bone marrow-derived cells, resulting in severe anaemia and immunosuppression in young chickens and a compromised immune response in older birds. we investigated the molecular epidemiology of cav in sick chickens in china from 2014 to 2015 and showed that the cav-positive rate was 13.30%, in which mixed infection (55.56%) was the main type of infection. we isolated and ... | 2019 | 30657774 |
| molecular detection and characterization of fowl adenovirus associated with inclusion body hepatitis from broiler chickens in egypt. | a case-control study was performed to assess prescence of inclusion body hepatitis (ibh) caused by fowl adenoviruses (fadvs) at kafr el-shiekh governorate, egypt, during spring, 2017. the case group consisted of 100 liver and spleen samples collected from 10 broiler chickens flocks (10 samples from each flock) suspected to be infected with ibh depending on clinical manefestations and necropsy examination. controls were randamly selected from chickens without clinical sings or evidence of the dis ... | 2019 | 30612291 |
| synergetic pathogenicity of newcastle disease vaccines lasota strain and contaminated chicken infectious anemia virus. | newcastle disease virus (ndv)-attenuated vaccine has been widely used to prevent nd in poultry flocks, while many reports also mentioned the exogenous virus contamination in attenuated vaccines, which might be the reason for the widespread of some contagious diseases. recently, the chicken infectious anemia virus (ciav) contamination in the ndv-attenuated vaccine was also found in china, though no systemic study has studied the pathogenicity or infection mechanism of this special transmission ro ... | 2019 | 30566627 |
| development of a loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for the detection of chicken anemia virus. | chicken anemia virus (cav) infection has been reported in various poultry industries worldwide. since cav infection is becoming increasingly prevalent, especially in local chickens of china, rapid cav detection has become essential. the conventional diagnostic methods are time consuming and need special expertise. therefore, in this study, we developed a specific and sensitive loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) assay for cav detection by using multiple sequence alignment of vp2. this ... | 2019 | 30544152 |
| development of real-time pcr assays for single and simultaneous detection of infectious bursal disease virus and chicken anemia virus. | infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) and chicken anemia virus (cav) cause relevant immunosuppressive diseases in poultry. clinical diagnosis of these viruses is challenging given the different disease presentations and the frequent occurrence of co-infections with other pathogens. here, we standardized and validated simplex and duplex rt-qpcr assays for the straightforward detection of ibdv and cav. the qpcr assays are based on primers and hydrolysis probes that target highly conserved regions ... | 2019 | 30447279 |
| a multiplex xtag assay for the simultaneous detection of five chicken immunosuppressive viruses. | chicken anemia virus (cav), avian reovirus (arv), infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv), marek's disease virus (mdv) and reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) all cause immunosuppressive disease in birds through vertical or horizontal transmission. mixed infections with these immunosuppressive pathogens lead to atypical clinical signs and obstruct accurate diagnoses and epidemiological investigations. therefore, it is essential to develop a high-throughput assay for the simultaneous detection of th ... | 2018 | 30442149 |
| efficacy of cpg-odn and freund's immune adjuvants on antibody responses induced by chicken infectious anemia virus vp1, vp2, and vp3 subunit proteins. | chicken infectious anemia virus is an important pathogen that causes severe anemia and immunosuppression in chickens, leading to serious economic losses worldwide in the poultry industry. however, no commercialized inactivated vaccine, subunit vaccine, or genetically engineered vaccine that is effective for controlling this virus is available. in this study, 3 recombinant plasmids were constructed to produce corresponding viral proteins in an escherichia coli system. the immune effects of the su ... | 2019 | 30376069 |
| chicken infectious anemia virus helps fowl adenovirus break the protection of maternal antibody and cause inclusion body hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome in layers after using co-contaminated newcastle disease virus-attenuated vaccine. | inclusion body hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome (ibh-hps) caused by fowl adenovirus type 4 (fadv-4) has caused huge economic losses for china in the past five years. at present, this disease is controlled in many flocks with the inactivated fadv vaccine, but the offspring chicks of a layer breeding flock that were vaccinated with this vaccine still became infected and developed ibh-hps with a 20% mortality rate. analysis revealed that the ndv-attenuated vaccine in use from the above-mentioned ... | 2019 | 30358862 |
| virus-induced immunosuppression in chickens. | a healthy immune system is a cornerstone for poultry production. any factor diminishing the immune responses will affect production parameters and increase cost. there are numerous factors, infectious and noninfectious, causing immunosuppression (is) in chickens. this paper reviews the three viral diseases that most commonly induce is or subclinical is in chickens: marek's disease virus (mdv), chicken infectious anemia virus (ciav), and infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv), as well as the inte ... | 2018 | 30339511 |
| novel protein chip for the detection of antibodies against infectious bronchitis virus. | infectious bronchitis (ib) caused by the ib virus (ibv) can cause acute damage to chickens around the world. therefore, rapid diagnosis and immune status determination are critical for controlling ibv outbreaks. enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisas) have been widely used in the detection of ibv antibodies in the early infection and continuous infection of ib because they are more sensitive and quicker than other diagnostic methods. | 2018 | 30223836 |
| full genome sequences of chicken anemia virus demonstrate mutations associated with pathogenicity in two different field isolates in egypt. | chicken anemia virus (cav) is an important pathogen associated with immunosuppression in chicken. in this study, out of samples collected from 115 commercial poultry farms, 12 samples were cav positive by pcr. partial sequence and phylogenetic analysis of vp1 gene revealed that the detected viruses were clustered to genotype i (n = 3) and genotype ii (n = 9). motifs of both low (e144) and high pathogenic strains (t89, i125, q141) were found in the three viruses of genotype i. whereas genotype ii ... | 2018 | 30159368 |
| marek's disease virus oncoprotein meq physically interacts with the chicken infectious anemia virus-encoded apoptotic protein apoptin. | marek's disease (md) is a neoplastic disease of poultry caused by marek's disease virus (mdv), a highly contagious alphaherpesvirus. meq, the major mdv oncoprotein, induces neoplastic transformation of t-cells through several mechanisms, including inhibition of apoptosis. in contrast, the chicken anemia virus (cav)-encoded protein apoptin (vp3) is a powerful inducer of apoptosis of tumor cells, a property that is exploited for anticancer therapeutics. although the molecular mechanisms of selecti ... | 2018 | 29988968 |
| detection and characterization of circovirus in canary flocks. | circovirus infections have been documented in adult and nestling canaries (fringillidae) but the distribution of the virus in the world is not yet known. in captive canary flocks, circovirus infections have been reported based on the clinical observations. in this study, the presence of both canary circovirus (cacv) and chicken anemia virus (cav) in canary flocks was investigated. virus strains were detected by pcr and direct sequencing of amplified products. nucleotide sequences were aligned an ... | 2018 | 29944404 |
| severe neurologic disease and chick mortality in crested screamers (chauna torquata) infected with a novel gyrovirus. | gyroviruses are small, single stranded dna viruses in the family anelloviridae. in chickens, the type virus (chicken anemia virus; cav) causes epidemic disease in poultry flocks worldwide. in 2007 and 2008, young crested screamers (chauna torquata) at a zoo in wisconsin, usa, died of neurologic disease with clinical and pathological features resembling cav infection. conventional diagnostics were negative, but molecular analyses revealed coinfection of an affected bird with three variants of a n ... | 2018 | 29852412 |
| characterization of full genome sequences of chicken anemia viruses circulating in egypt reveals distinct genetic diversity and evidence of recombination. | chicken anemia virus (cav) is one of the commercially important diseases of poultry worldwide. in egypt, cav has been reported to be a potential threat to the commercial poultry sectors. hence, this study was aimed at isolation and full genomic analysis of cavs circulating in chicken populations in different geographical location in egypt. a total of 42 samples were collected from broiler chicken flocks in 9 governorates in egypt from 12 to 42 days of age. the mortality rate observed among chick ... | 2018 | 29751020 |
| characterization of the dna binding activity of structural protein vp1 from chicken anaemia virus. | chicken anaemia virus (cav) is commonly found in poultry. vp1 is the sole structural protein of cav, which is the major component responsible for capsid assembly. the cav virion consists of the vp1 protein and a viral genome. however, there is currently no information on the protein-nucleic acid interactions between vp1 and dna molecules. | 2018 | 29728113 |
| epidemiology and molecular characterization of chicken anaemia virus from commercial and native chickens in taiwan. | chicken infectious anaemia (cia) is a disease with a highly economic impact in the poultry industry. the infected chickens are characterized by aplastic anaemia and extreme immunosuppression, followed by the increased susceptibility to secondary infectious pathogens and suboptimal immune responses for vaccination. commercially available cia vaccines are routinely used in the breeders in taiwan to protect their progeny with maternal-derived antibodies. however, cia cases still occur in the field ... | 2018 | 29691993 |
| newcastle disease virus-attenuated vaccine co-contaminated with fowl adenovirus and chicken infectious anemia virus results in inclusion body hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome in poultry. | inclusion body hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome (ibh-hps) induced by fowl adenovirus type 4 (fadv-4) has caused huge economic losses to the poultry industry of china, but the source of infection for different flocks, especially flocks with high biological safety conditions, has remained unclear. this study tested the pathogenicity of newcastle disease virus (ndv)-attenuated vaccine from a large-scale poultry farm in china where ibh-hps had appeared with high mortality. analysis revealed that ... | 2018 | 29685221 |
| co-infection of fowl adenovirus with different immunosuppressive viruses in a chicken flock. | in poultry, fowl adenovirus (fadv) and immunosuppressive virus co-infection is likely to cause decreased egg production, inclusion body hepatitis, and pericardial effusion syndrome. in this study, fowl adenovirus infection was found in parental and descendent generations of chickens. we used quantitative polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and dot blot hybridization to detect the infection of reticuloendotheliosis (rev), avian leukosis virus (alv), and chicken infectious anemia virus (ciav) in 480 p ... | 2018 | 29509913 |
| loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for detection of four immunosuppressive viruses in chicken. | loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) methods to detect chicken infectious anemia virus (ciav), reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev), and marek's disease virus (mdv), and a reverse transcription (rt)-lamp assay to detect infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv), were developed. the ciav-lamp, rev-lamp, mdv-lamp, and ibdv-rt-lamp methods were performed using four sets of six primers targeting the vp1 gene of ciav, the gp90 gene of rev, the meq gene of mdv, and the vp2 gene of ibdv. the results ... | 2018 | 29476761 |
| chicken anaemia virus evades host immune responses in transformed lymphocytes. | chicken anaemia virus (cav) is a lymphotropic virus that causes anaemia and immunosuppression in chickens. previously, we proposed that cav evades host antiviral responses in vivo by disrupting t-cell signalling, but the precise cellular targets and modes of action remain elusive. in this study, we examined gene expression in marek's disease virus-transformed chicken t-cell line msb-1 after infection with cav using both a custom 5k immune-focused microarray and quantitative real-time pcr at 24, ... | 2018 | 29458670 |
| a novel cav derived cell-penetrating peptide efficiently delivers exogenous molecules through caveolae-mediated endocytosis. | cell-penetrating peptide (cpp) is a promising cargo for delivering bioactive molecules. in this study, the n terminus of vp1 from chicken anemia virus, designated as cvp1, was found to carry enriched arginine residues with α-helix. by confocal imaging, flow cytometry and mtt assay, we identified cvp1 as a novel, safe and efficient cpp. cvp1-fitc peptide could entry different types of cells tested with dose dependence, but without cytotoxic effects. compared with tat-fitc peptide, the cvp1-fitc p ... | 2018 | 29439726 |
| monitoring the uptake of live avian vaccines by their detection in feathers. | protection against diseases caused by the avian viruses, marek's disease, infectious laryngotracheitis, chicken anemia and turkey meningoencephalitis is achieved by live vaccines. the application quality is important to assure proper uptake in commercial flocks. we describe a novel evaluation method for the vaccination process by sequential monitoring the vaccine viruses in feathers. feather collection is easy, non-invasive and non-lethal for the birds, therefore advantageous for monitoring purp ... | 2018 | 29287680 |
| identification of the interaction and interaction domains of chicken anemia virus vp2 and vp3 proteins. | chicken anemia virus (cav) is a small, single-stranded dna virus of anelloviridae family. its genome segments encode three proteins, vp1, vp2, and vp3. this study identified an interaction between vp2 and vp3 and mapped the interaction domains. through the yeast two-hybrid (y2h) system, vp2 was found to interact with vp3. the presence of the vp2-vp3 complex in cav-infected chicken cells was confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation. confocal microscopy showed that vp2 and vp3 were expressed in the cyt ... | 2018 | 29100148 |
| vp2 of chicken anaemia virus interacts with apoptin for down-regulation of apoptosis through de-phosphorylated threonine 108 on apoptin. | chicken anaemia virus (cav) is an important contagious agent that causes immunosuppressive disease in chickens. cav apoptin is a nucleoplasmic shuffling protein that induces apoptosis in chicken lymphoblastoid cells. in the present study, confocal microscopy revealed co-localisation of expressed cav non-structural protein vp2 with apoptin in the nucleus of mdcc-msb1 cells and the nucleoplasmic compartment of cho-k1 cells. in vitro pull-down and ex vivo biomolecular fluorescent complementation (b ... | 2017 | 29093508 |
| depression of vaccinal immunity to marek's disease by infection with chicken infectious anemia virus. | marek's disease (md) has been occurring with increasing frequency in chickens in recent years. to our knowledge, however, there has been no report of the very virulent plus (vv+) md virus (mdv) field isolate in china. studies have shown that dual infection with immunosuppressive viruses such as chicken infectious anemia virus (ciav) occurs frequently in chickens developing md. in this study, we performed a designed set ofin vivoexperiments, which comprised five different groups of chickens, incl ... | 2017 | 29018431 |
| viruses with circular single-stranded dna genomes are everywhere! | circular single-stranded dna viruses infect archaea, bacteria, and eukaryotic organisms. the relatively recent emergence of single-stranded dna viruses, such as chicken anemia virus (cav) and porcine circovirus 2 (pcv2), as serious pathogens of eukaryotes is due more to growing awareness than to the appearance of new pathogens or alteration of existing pathogens. in the case of the ubiquitous human circular single-stranded dna virus family anelloviridae, there is still no convincing direct causa ... | 2017 | 28715975 |
| molecular characterization of pigeon torque teno virus (pttv) in jiangsu province. | the torque teno virus (ttv) is a recently discovered dna virus that has been detected in many different hosts, including humans, livestock and poultry. to date, there is no report of pigeon ttv (pttv) from anywhere in the world. to investigate the distribution of pttv in pigeons from the eastern chinese province of jiangsu and characterize their genomes, we employed pcr to detect pttv in 144 samples collected from 6 pigeon plants in jiangsu province, amplify complete genomes from representative ... | 2017 | 28527409 |
| human gyrovirus-apoptin interferes with the cell cycle and induces g2/m arrest prior to apoptosis. | the human gyrovirus-apoptin (hgyv-apoptin) is a protein that gained attention because it is selectively cytotoxic toward cancer cells. in this study, we have investigated the effect of hgyv-apoptin on cell cycle progression of cancer cells. we also compared hgyv-apoptin's action to its homologue chicken anemia virus apoptin (cav-apoptin). we show that hgyv-apoptin induces g2/m arrest in cancer cells. this is at least in part due to the fact that hgyv-apoptin induces an abnormal spindle formation ... | 2017 | 28386695 |
| genomic characterization of recent chicken anemia virus isolates in china. | chicken anemia virus (cav) causes diseases in young chickens, which include increased pathogenicity of secondary infectious agents, generalized lymphoid depletion, and immunodepression. in the present study, we have identified 22 cav strains isolated from several commercial chicken farms in northern china during 2014-2015. in addition, two cavs were also isolated from stray mouse and dog feces, respectively. to our knowledge, this is the first report of identification of cav from mouse and dog f ... | 2017 | 28344576 |
| genetic analysis of two chicken infectious anemia virus variants-related gyrovirus in stray mice and dogs: the first report in china, 2015. | chicken infectious anemia virus (ciav) causes acute viral infection in chickens worldwide. it can infect chickens of all ages, but the disease is seen only in young chickens and is characterized by hemorrhagic lesions in the muscles, atrophic changes in the lymphoid organs, aplastic bone marrow, and immunosuppression causing increased mortality. previous studies have demonstrated that ciav can be isolated from blood specimens of humans and fecal samples of stray cats. in the present study, two v ... | 2017 | 28326326 |
| c-terminal region of apoptin affects chicken anemia virus replication and virulence. | chicken anemia virus (cav) causes anemia and immune suppression, which are important diseases in the poultry industry. cav vp3, also referred as 'apoptin', has been shown to selectively kill tumor cells, raising great hopes for its utilization as an anticancer therapy. the ability of apoptin to induce apoptosis is closely related to its nuclear localization. the c-terminal region of apoptin contains a bipartite nuclear localization signals (nls), and a nuclear export signal (nes) is located betw ... | 2017 | 28222746 |
| revisiting the taxonomy of the family circoviridae: establishment of the genus cyclovirus and removal of the genus gyrovirus. | the family circoviridae contains viruses with covalently closed, circular, single-stranded dna (ssdna) genomes, including the smallest known autonomously replicating, capsid-encoding animal pathogens. members of this family are known to cause fatal diseases in birds and pigs and have been historically classified in one of two genera: circovirus, which contains avian and porcine pathogens, and gyrovirus, which includes a single species (chicken anemia virus). however, over the course of the past ... | 2017 | 28155197 |
| a truncated apoptin protein variant selectively kills cancer cells. | apoptin is a nonstructural protein encoded by one of the three open reading frames of the chicken anemia virus genome. it has attracted a great deal of interest due to its ability to induce apoptosis in multiple transformed and malignant mammalian cell lines without affecting primary and non-transformed cells. however, the use of apoptin as an anticancer drug is restricted by its strong tendency to aggregate. a number of methods to overcome this problem have been proposed, including transduction ... | 2017 | 28120180 |
| unexpected heat shock element binding ability and tumor-killing activity of the combinatorial function domain of apoptin. | apoptin, derived from the chicken anemia virus, has been found to exert tumor-preferential apoptotic activity. it is a potential anticancer agent with direct clinical applications. however, if this viral protein were to be used as a new drug, it might also induce a strong immune response, causing toxic side effects. in a previous study, our group showed that tat-apoptin downregulates the stress expression of heat shock protein 70 by competing with heat shock factor protein 1 in binding to the he ... | 2017 | 28045701 |
| genetically engineered and self-assembled oncolytic protein nanoparticles for targeted cancer therapy. | the integration of a targeted delivery with a tumour-selective agent has been considered an ideal platform for achieving high therapeutic efficacy and negligible side effects in cancer therapy. here, we present engineered protein nanoparticles comprising a tumour-selective oncolytic protein and a targeting moiety as a new format for the targeted cancer therapy. apoptin from chicken anaemia virus (cav) was used as a tumour-selective apoptotic protein. an egfr-specific repebody, which is composed ... | 2017 | 28024232 |
| full-length infectious clone of an iranian isolate of chicken anemia virus. | an iranian field strain of chicken anemia virus (cav), designated ir cav, was isolated in the marek's disease virus-transformed lymphoblastoid cell line mdcc-msb1 (msb1) culture for the first time. the full-length cav dna of this strain was cloned in the bacterial plasmid ptz57r/t to create the molecular clone ptz-cav. the nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences of viral proteins of ir cav were compared with those of representative cav sequences including reference and commercial vaccine str ... | 2017 | 27933433 |
| therapeutic targeting of liver cancer with a recombinant dna vaccine containing the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase gene of newcastle disease virus via apoptotic-dependent pathways. | a total of ~38.6 million mortalities occur due to liver cancer annually, worldwide. although a variety of therapeutic methods are available, the efficacy of treatment at present is extremely limited due to an increased risk of malignancy and inherently poor prognosis of liver cancer. gene therapy is considered a promising option, and has shown notable potential for the comprehensive therapy of liver cancer, in keeping with advances that have been made in the development of cancer molecular biolo ... | 2016 | 27900002 |
| molecular characterization of chicken anemia virus outbreaks in nagpur province, india from 2012 to 2015. | chicken anemia virus (cav) is one of the important poultry pathogen. cav infection can cause immunosuppression, aggravation of co-infections, vaccination failures and mortality. we are reporting the cav outbreaks from the nagpur province of india, between the years 2012-2015. the breeds included cockerel and black australorp of age varying from 29 to 50 days. the mortality rate observed among poultry was from 20% to 62.5%. clinical symptoms like anemia, subcutaneous hemorrhages, growth retardati ... | 2017 | 27899306 |
| molecular characterization of chicken infectious anemia virus from contaminated live-virus vaccines. | the aim of this study was to investigate possible causes of the pervasiveness of chicken infectious anemia virus ( ciav: ) infection in chickens in recent years in china. a total of 14 batches of live-virus vaccines were examined using pcr to detect ciav contamination, of which only 2 samples (a newcastle disease vaccine and a fowl pox vaccine) tested positive for ciav. these newcastle and fowl pox vaccines were then inoculated into 1-day-old specific-pathogen-free chickens. serum samples were c ... | 2016 | 27811322 |
| recombinant canine adenovirus type-2 expressing tgrop16 provides partial protection against acute toxoplasma gondii infection in mice. | we previously demonstrated that the survival time of balb/c mice challenged with toxoplasma gondii rh strain was prolonged by immunising the mice with a eukaryotic vector expressing the protein rop16 of t. gondii. building upon previous findings, we are exploring improved vaccination strategies to enhance protection. in this work, a novel recombinant canine adenovirus type 2 expressing rop16 (cav-2-rop16) of t. gondii was constructed and identified to express rop16 in madin-darby canine kidney c ... | 2016 | 27742446 |
| a survey for selected avian viral pathogens in backyard chicken farms in finland. | backyard poultry are regaining popularity in europe and increased interest in the health and management of non-commercial farms has resulted. furthermore, commercial poultry farm owners have become concerned about the risk represented by contagious avian diseases that nearby backyard poultry could transmit. fifty-one voluntary backyard chicken farms were visited between october 2012 and january 2013. blood samples and individual cloacal swabs were collected from 457 chickens. in 44 farms (86%), ... | 2017 | 27624642 |
| ptd4-apoptin induces bcl-2-insensitive apoptosis in human cervical carcinoma in vitro and in vivo. | worldwide, cervix carcinoma is among the most dangerous cancer types, and novel therapies are under development. cancer treatments are often hampered because of lack of specificity. the chicken anemia virus-derived apoptin induces apoptosis selectively in tumor cells and leaves normal cells unharmed. here, we have carried out in-vitro and in-vivo studies on the cytotoxic effect of apoptin in a cervix carcinoma model. apoptin was fused to the protein transduction domain 4 (ptd4), enabling deliver ... | 2016 | 27548349 |
| activation of the chicken anemia virus apoptin protein by chk1/2 phosphorylation is required for apoptotic activity and efficient viral replication. | chicken anemia virus (cav) is a single-stranded circular dna virus that carries 3 genes, the most studied of which is the gene encoding vp3, also known as apoptin. this protein has been demonstrated to specifically kill transformed cells while leaving normal cells unharmed in a manner that is independent of p53 status. although the mechanistic basis for this differential activity is unclear, it is evident that the subcellular localization of the protein is important for the difference. in normal ... | 2016 | 27512067 |
| first detection of chicken anemia virus and norovirus genogroup ii in stool of children with acute gastroenteritis in taiwan. | to date, there has been no report of co-infection of chicken anemia virus (cav) with enteric virus in patients with acute gastroenteritis (age). cav has been recently detected in various types of human samples including stool, indicating pathogenicity in gastrointestinal tract. examination by pcr-based methods of cav and norovivus genogroup ii (nv gii) in stool of 110 children with age at a hospital in taiwan revealed for the first time of co-infection in two cases. this is the first description ... | 2016 | 27405124 |
| [effect of low dose of chicken infectious anemia virus in attenuated vaccine on spf chicken body weight and vaccine immune antibody]. | in order to observe the effect of the immune and weight of chickens after use the attenuated vaccine with low dose of chicken infectious anemia virus (ciav). in this study, the effects of low dose of ciav on the weight of spf chickens and ndv antibody production were observed by simulated experiments. the results showed that 10 eid50 and 5 eid50 ciav per plume attenuated ndv vaccines were used to cause the weight loss of spf chickens. compared with the use of the non contaminated vaccine group, ... | 2016 | 27396163 |
| the key molecular events during macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus (mrnv) infection and replication in sf9 insect cells. | in this study we demonstrated that macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus (mrnv) was able to internalize and replicate in sf9 insect cells, with levels of infection altered by substances affecting the caveolin-(cav) mediated endocytosis pathway. the use of sf9 cells for efficient mrnv replication and propagation was demonstrated by confocal microscopy and pcr amplification, through which early viral binding and internalization were initially detectable at 30min post-infection; whereas at 72h, the d ... | 2016 | 27327530 |
| genomic analysis of the chicken infectious anemia virus in a specific pathogen-free chicken population in china. | the antibody to chicken infectious anemia virus (ciav) was positive in a specific pathogen-free (spf) chicken population by elisa test in our previous inspection, indicating a possible infection with ciav. in this study, blood samples collected from the spf chickens were used to isolate ciav by inoculating into msb1 cells and pcr amplification. a ciav strain (sd1403) was isolated and successfully identified. three overlapping genomic fragments were obtained by pcr amplification and sequencing. t ... | 2016 | 27298822 |
| prevalence of antibodies for selected canine pathogens among wolves (canis lupus) from the alaska peninsula, usa. | we collected blood samples from wolves ( canis lupus ) on the alaska peninsula, southwest alaska, us, 2006-11 and tested sera for antibodies to canine adenovirus (cav), canine coronavirus (ccv), canine distemper virus (cdv), canine herpesvirus (chv), canine parainfluenza (cpi), canine parvovirus (cpv), neospora caninum , and toxoplasma gondii . detected antibody prevalence was 90% for cav, 28% for ccv, 12% for cdv, 93% for chv, 0% for cpi, 20% for cpv, 0% for n. caninum, and 86% for t. gondii . ... | 2016 | 27195683 |
| impact of virus load on immunocytological and histopathological parameters during clinical chicken anemia virus (cav) infection in poultry. | chicken anemia virus (cav) is one the important pathogen affecting commercial poultry sector globally by causing mortality, production losses, immunosuppression, aggravating co-infections and vaccination failures. here, we describe the effects of cav load on hematological, histopathological and immunocytochemical alterations in 1-day old infected chicks. the effects of cav on cytokine expression profiles and generation of virus specific antibody titer were also studied and compared with viral cl ... | 2016 | 27165537 |
| inhibitory effect of genetically engineered mesenchymal stem cells with apoptin on hepatoma cells in vitro and in vivo. | hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) is an aggressive tumor and has become one of the most frequent causes of cancer death in the world. the rate of post-operative recurrence and metastasis are still high even though after surgical resection. it is a difficult problem with extraordinary importance for the clinical treatment. so stem cell therapy becomes one of the anti-tumor biotherapy methods which is exploring. due to the feature of homing to tumor site and immunosuppressive, mesenchymal stem cells ... | 2016 | 27142531 |
| combined administration of the apoptin gene and poly (i:c) induces potent anti-tumor immune response and inhibits growth of mouse mammary tumors. | many viral proteins exhibit selective cytotoxicity for tumor cells without affecting the normal diploid cells. the apoptin protein of chicken infectious anemia virus is one of such proteins, which has been shown to kill tumor cells specifically. however, an effective cancer treatment strategy also requires assistance from the immune system. recently, poly (i:c) has been shown to be an effective cancer vaccine adjuvant. | 2016 | 27064544 |
| infectious canine hepatitis in red foxes (vulpes vulpes) in wildlife rescue centres in the uk. | outbreaks of infectious canine hepatitis are described in red foxes ( italic! vulpes vulpes) at two wildlife rescue centres in the uk. disease occurred in two-month-old to four-month-old juvenile foxes, which were held in small enclosures in groups of three to eight animals. the foxes died or were euthanased after a short clinical course, sometimes including neurological signs and jaundice, with a high case fatality rate. four red foxes submitted for postmortem examination had enlarged, congeste ... | 2016 | 27001767 |
| isolation and pathogenic analysis of virulent marek's disease virus field strain in china. | marek's disease (md) has become increasingly common in china, resulting in considerable economic loss. the etiological agent is unclear. in this study, we isolated a field md virus (mdv) strain, designated sx1301, from cvi988/rispens-vaccinated chickens with tumors. co-infection of avian leukosis virus, reticuloendotheliosis virus, and chicken infectious anemia virus was excluded by polymerase chain reaction, enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay, dna blotting hybridization, and indirect immunofluor ... | 2016 | 26976907 |
| occurrence and phylogenetic studies of chicken anemia virus from polish broiler flocks. | chicken anemia virus (cav) is a widespread chicken pathogen of significant economic importance. in 2013, broiler chicken flocks in poland were examined for the presence of cav, and phylogenetic relatedness between the strains was established. ten cloacal swabs from each of 106 broiler flocks (birds aged 3-6 wk) were collected in different regions of the country and tested with the use of real-time pcr (all samples) and conventional pcr (those samples positive in real-time pcr) assays. the presen ... | 2016 | 26953947 |
| age-related presence of selected viral and bacterial pathogens in paraffin-embedded lung samples of dogs with pneumonia. | the aim of this retrospective study was to detect selected pathogens in pneumonic lung tissue of dogs of different age groups by immunohistochemistry (ihc), in situ hybridisation (ish) or polymerase chain reaction (pcr) in order to get information about their involvement in pneumonia formation. in archived formalin-fixed and paraffin wax-embedded lung samples from 68 cases with the clinical and histologic diagnosis of pneumonia the histological pattern of pneumonia was re-evaluated and the sampl ... | 2016 | 26919147 |