Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| phylogenetic analysis of chinese sheeppox and goatpox virus isolates. | abstract: background: sheeppox virus (sppv) and goatpox virus (gtpv), members of the capripoxvirus genus of the poxviridae family are causative agents of sheep pox and goat pox respectively, which are important contagious diseases and endemic in central and northern africa, the middle and far east, and the indian sub-continent. both sheep pox and goat pox can cause wool and hide damage, and reduce the production of mutton and milk, which may result in significant economic losses and threaten th ... | 2012 | 22264255 |
| validation of a high-throughput real-time polymerase chain reaction assay for the detection of capripoxviral dna. | capripoxviruses, which are endemic in much of africa and asia, are the aetiological agents of economically devastating poxviral diseases in cattle, sheep and goats. the aim of this study was to validate a high-throughput real-time pcr assay for routine diagnostic use in a capripoxvirus reference laboratory. the performance of two previously published real-time pcr methods were compared using commercially available reagents including the amplification kits recommended in the original publication. ... | 2011 | 22138682 |
| phylogenetic analysis of the large family of poxvirus ankyrin-repeat proteins reveals ortholog groups within and across chordopoxvirus genera. | ankyrin-repeat (ank) protein-interaction domains are common in cellular proteins but are rare in viruses. chordopoxviruses, however, encode a large number of ank domain-containing open reading frames (orfs) of largely unknown function. recently, a second protein-interaction domain, an f-box-like motif, was identified in several poxvirus ank proteins. cellular f-box proteins recruit substrates to the ubiquitination machinery of the cell, a putative function for ank/poxviral f-box proteins. using ... | 2011 | 21752962 |
| prospects of control and eradication of capripox from the indian subcontinent: a perspective. | sheeppox and goatpox, two endemic capripox infections in india, pose a significant economic threat to small ruminant productivity in the subcontinent. vaccination of all susceptible sheep and goats is the feasible and sustainable means of control. availability of effective live attenuated vaccines that are inherently thermostable and development of improved diagnostics provide the opportunities to initiate effective control measures for capripox. all animals older than 4months can be vaccinated ... | 2011 | 21699920 |
| detection of lumpy skin disease virus antigen and genomic dna in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues from an egyptian outbreak in 2006. | an outbreak of lumpy skin disease (lsd) was reported in 2006 in egypt affecting 16 provinces. biopsies and post-mortem tissue samples were collected from calves that showed typical clinical signs of lsd and fixed in formalin. these samples were collected from a private dairy farm in the damietta province of egypt. formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue samples were assessed using histology, and skin lesions were classified as either acute or subacute/chronic. both lumpy skin disease virus (lsdv ... | 2011 | 21699673 |
| a novel candidate hiv vaccine vector based on the replication deficient capripoxvirus, lumpy skin disease virus (lsdv). | abstract: background: the capripoxvirus, lumpy skin disease virus (lsdv) has a restricted host-range and is being investigated as a novel hiv-1 vaccine vector. lsdv does not complete its replication cycle in non-ruminant hosts. methods: the safety of lsdv was tested at doses of 10e4 and 10e6 plaque forming units in two strains of immunocompromised mice, namely rag mice and cd4 t cell knockout mice. lsdv expressing hiv-1 subtype c gag, reverse transcriptase (rt), tat and nef as a polyprotein (grt ... | 2011 | 21624130 |
| vaccinia virus as an expression vector. | vaccinia virus (vv) is a member of the genus orthopoxvirus, one of seven genera included in the family poxviridae. most of these viruses infect vertebrates (orthopoxvirus, avipoxvirus, capripoxvirus, leporipoxvirus, suipoxvirus, and parapoxvirus), but one genus, entomopoxvirus, infects insects. it is interesting to note that the fibroma and mixoma viruses of the leporipoxvirus genus cause tumors in their hosts (rabbits), these being the only tumorigenic viruses in the family (1,2). | 1992 | 21390715 |
| genus specific evolution of codon usage and nucleotide compositional traits of poxviruses. | poxviruses are complex in their nucleotide compositional features of the coding regions. the codon usages in poxviruses are in accordance with their compositional bias. in the poxviridae family, codon usage patterns and nucleotide compositional traits are widely divergent across species but some conservation was observed within a genus. viruses from six chordopox genera, i.e., avipoxvirus, capripoxvirus, cervidpoxvirus, orthopoxvirus, suipoxvirus, yatapoxvirus, and one entomopox genus- betaentom ... | 2011 | 21369827 |
| assessment on major factors that cause skin rejection at modjo export tannery, ethiopia. | a study was conducted from november 2009 to march 2010 with the objective of identifying the major causes of skin rejection on fresh, pickled, and wet blue skins at modjo mesaco global tannery. a total of 401 fresh and 1,873 pickled and wet blue skins from the routine production system of the tannery were used. overall, high prevalence of sheep ked (100%) followed by biting louse (64.4%), tick (50%), and sucking louse (45.8%) were observed on fresh sheep pelts, while, on fresh goat pelts, a high ... | 2011 | 21327713 |
| molecular dating in the evolution of vertebrate poxviruses. | objectives: the goal of this work was to study the evolutionary history of the vertebrate poxviruses using the bayesian relaxed clock and a large set of highly conserved vitally important viral genes. methods: phylogenetic analysis was performed by the maximum likelihood method using the paup program. the dating method of bayes, realized in the multidivtime, was made. results: the rate of poxviral evolution is estimated as 0.5-7 × 10(-6) nucleotide substitutions per site per year. we inferred th ... | 2011 | 21228539 |
| sequence analysis of attachment gene of lumpy skin disease and sheep poxviruses. | in egypt, protection of cattle against lumpy skin disease (lsd) was carried out using a sheep poxvirus (kenyan strain) vaccination strategy. in the present study 15 skin nodules from lsd suspected cows and 5 scab samples from sheep pox (sp) suspected sheep were collected. hyperimmune rabbit sera to lumpy skin disease virus (lsdv)/ismailyia88 strain and sheep pox virus (spv)/ kenyan vaccinal strain were prepared. the causative agent in the collected samples was identified using immunoflourescence ... | 2010 | 21221919 |
| emerging capripoxvirus disease outbreaks in himachal pradesh, a northern state of india. | both sheep and goat pox are contagious viral diseases and affect small ruminants and are caused by sheep pox virus and goat pox virus respectively that belong to genus capripoxvirus of poxviridae family. huge economic losses emanating from the disease outbreaks are the results of the wool and hide damage, subsequent production losses and also the morbidities and mortalities associated with the disease. this communication highlights clinico-epidemiological observations from the two sheep pox and ... | 2010 | 21214867 |
| use of the capripoxvirus homologue of vaccinia virus 30 kda rna polymerase subunit (rpo30) gene as a novel diagnostic and genotyping target: development of a classical pcr method to differentiate goat poxvirus from sheep poxvirus. | sheep poxvirus (sppv), goat poxvirus (gtpv) and lumpy skin disease virus (lsdv) are capripoxviruses (capvs) responsible for causing severe poxvirus disease in sheep, goats and cattle, respectively. serological differentiation of capvs is not possible and strain identification has relied on the implicitly accepted hypothesis that the viruses show well defined host specificity. however, it is now known that cross infections can occur and authentication of identity based on the host animal species ... | 2010 | 21115310 |
| real time pcr method for simultaneous detection, quantitation and differentiation of capripoxviruses. | the genus capripoxvirus (capv) comprises three members namely, sheep poxvirus (sppv), goat poxvirus (gtpv) and lumpy skin disease virus (lsdv) affecting sheep, goats and cattle, respectively. capv infections produce similar symptoms in sheep and goats, and the three viruses cannot be distinguished serologically. since there are conflicting opinions regarding the host specificity of capvs, particularly for goatpox and sheeppox viruses, the development of rapid genotyping tools will facilitate mor ... | 2010 | 21029751 |
| protection of sheep against rift valley fever virus and sheep poxvirus with a recombinant capripoxvirus vaccine. | rift valley fever (rvf) is an epizootic viral disease of sheep that can be transmitted from sheep to humans, particularly by contact with aborted fetuses. a capripoxvirus (cpv) recombinant virus (rks1/rvfv) was developed, which expressed the rift valley fever virus (rvfv) gn and gc glycoproteins. these expressed glycoproteins had the correct size and reacted with monoclonal antibodies (mab) to native glycoproteins. mice vaccinated with rks1/rvfv were protected against rvfv challenge. sheep vacci ... | 2010 | 20876822 |
| serodiagnosis of sheeppox and goatpox using an indirect elisa based on synthetic peptide targeting for the major antigen p32. | sheeppoxvirus (sppv), goatpoxvirus (gtpv) and lumpy skin disease virus (lsdv) of cattle belong to the capripoxvirus genus of the poxviridae family and can cause significant economic losses in countries where they are endemic. despite the considerable threat that these viruses pose to livestock production and global trade in sheep, goats, cattle and their products, convenient and effective serodiagnostic tools are not readily available. toward this goal, two synthetic peptides corresponding to th ... | 2010 | 20854693 |
| protective effect of partially purified 35 kda protein from silk worm (bombyx mori) fecal matter against carbon tetrachloride induced hepatotoxicity and in vitro anti-viral properties. | it has been found that many proteins from silkworm (bombyx mori l.) fecal matter have been active against human immunodeficiency virus, sendai virus, herpes simplex virus type-1, and nuclear polyhedrosis virus. | 2010 | 20738178 |
| pox outbreaks in sheep and goats at makhdoom (uttar pradesh), india: evidence of sheeppox virus infection in goats. | sheeppox and goatpox outbreaks occur often in india incurring huge economic loss to the small ruminant industry. this paper describes two sheeppox outbreaks, of which one occurred in an organized sheep breeding farm at makhdoom (uttar pradesh), india, during 2007 and another in goats at the central institute of research on goats, makhdoom (uttar pradesh), india during 2008. in the first outbreak, a local muzaffarnagari sheep breed was affected (n=477) with morbidity and mortality rates, respecti ... | 2010 | 20673232 |
| identification of an intergenic region that is not essential for replication of goatpox virus. | a recombinant goatpox virus was constructed in which an enhanced green fluorescent protein gene was inserted under the control of the 11k late promoter, a guanine phosphoribosyltransferase gene was inserted under the control of the 7.5k early/late promoter, and exogenous genes were inserted into an intergenic region between loci gp_24 and gp_24.5 of the recombinant genome. analysis of protein expression showed that lt cells infected with only the recombinant virus produced specific fluorescence. ... | 2010 | 20496086 |
| a goat poxvirus-vectored peste-des-petits-ruminants vaccine induces long-lasting neutralization antibody to high levels in goats and sheep. | recombinant capripoxvirus (cpv) is a promising candidate differentiating infected from vaccinated animals (diva) vaccine against peste-des-petits-ruminants (ppr). in order for recombinant cpv to be successfully used in the field, there should exist dependable indicators for quality control of vaccine products, surveillance and vaccination evaluation. viral neutralization antibody (vna) is correlated to protection against ppr and is a technically feasible indicator for this purpose. the immunogen ... | 2010 | 20471441 |
| development of a recombinant epsilon toxoid vaccine against enterotoxemia and its use as a combination vaccine with live attenuated sheep pox virus against enterotoxemia and sheep pox. | sheep pox and enterotoxemia are important diseases of sheep, and these diseases cause severe economic losses to sheep farmers. the present study was undertaken to evaluate the potential of formaldehyde-inactivated recombinant epsilon toxin as a vaccine candidate. the potency of the recombinant epsilon toxoid with aluminum hydroxide as an adjuvant in sheep was determined. vaccinated sheep were protected against enterotoxemia, with potency values of >5 iu being protective. further, the use of this ... | 2010 | 20427629 |
| herpesvirus-encoded gpcrs rewire cellular signaling. | viral g-protein-coupled receptors (vgpcrs) are chemokine receptor homologues encoded by the herpes- and capripoxviridae. they are thought to have been hijacked from the host genome during the course of evolution. these vgpcrs play different roles in the viral lifecycle and associated pathologies. three members of the herpesviridae, kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv), epstein-barr virus (ebv) and human cytomegalovirus (hcmv) are capable of setting up persistent latent infections in huma ... | 2011 | 20398729 |
| goat pox virus isolated from an outbreak at akola, maharashtra (india) phylogenetically related to chinese strain. | in this study, we investigated a goat pox outbreak that occurred in an organized goat farm in a village named yerenda near akola, maharashtra, india during 2007-2008. the outbreak involved in 175 goats including kids of local nondescript breeds with a morbidity, mortality, and case fatality rate, respectively, of 20%, 11.4%, and 60%. the goat pox virus (gtpv) antigen/nucleic acid in the clinical samples was detected by cie and pcrs whereas virus-specific antibody was detected by using snt and in ... | 2010 | 20383607 |
| sheep pox virus induces proliferation of type ii pneumocytes in the lungs. | the present study investigated the expression of pulmonary surfactant proteins (surfactant protein [sp]-a, sp-b, prosp-c), thyroid transcription factor-1 (ttf-1), proliferating cell nuclear antigen (pcna) and the infiltration of cd3(+) t and cd79alphacy(+) b lymphocytes into the lungs of 10 lambs naturally infected with sheep pox virus. microscopical examination detected marked epithelial hyperplasia, sheep pox cells and neutrophilic infiltration in pock nodules. immunohistochemistry demonstrate ... | 2010 | 20181359 |
| quantitative pcr: a quality control assay for estimation of viable virus content in live attenuated goat pox vaccine. | efficacy of live viral vaccine and vaccine-induced sero-conversion depends on the optimum number of live virus particles in a vaccine dose, which is one of the important aspects of quality control. in the present study, taqman probe quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qpcr) based on conserved dna pol gene of capripoxvirus was developed for the quality control of attenuated monovalent goatpox and/or combined attenuated goatpox and peste des petits ruminants (ppr) vaccines. cells infected with ... | 2009 | 20099465 |
| a description of two outbreaks of capripoxvirus disease in mongolia. | mongolia had no reported cases of capripoxvirus disease from 1977 until an outbreak of sheeppox in 2006-2007 and then goatpox in 2008. the two outbreaks occurred in geographically distant areas of mongolia and, most strikingly, were highly species-specific. the 2006-2007 sheeppox outbreak affected no goats and the 2008 goatpox outbreak affected no sheep despite communal herding. the diseases were diagnosed using the polymerase chain reaction and virus neutralisation test. the p32 gene of the mon ... | 2010 | 19939588 |
| expression of p32 protein of goatpox virus in pichia pastoris and its potential use as a diagnostic antigen in elisa. | the present study was undertaken to express goatpox virus (gtpv) p32 protein in pichia pastoris and evaluate its potential use as a diagnostic antigen in elisa. the amplified p32 gene of gtpv was cloned into ppiczalphaa vector and characterized by pcr, restriction enzyme digestion and sequencing. the characterized linear recombinant plasmids were transformed in pichia host gsii5 strain by electroporation and the zeocin resistant pichia transformant containing p32 gene was selected and confirmed ... | 2009 | 19733197 |
| [epizootics in france from 1700 to 1850: a clinical inventory of cattle and sheep]. | 2001 | 19663072 | |
| [recombinant goat pox virus expressing pprv h protein]. | the purpose of the study is to construct recombinant goat pox virus (gpv) expressing peste des petits ruminants virus (pprv) h protein, and to evaluate the immunization effect. recombinant gpv containing pprv h gene (rgpv-pprv-h) was selected and purified by gpt and egfp utilizing plaque purification, and the final selected recombinant gpv was proved to be purified by pcr. immunofluorescence and western blotting showed that the recombinant virus could express h protein of pprv while infecting la ... | 2009 | 19637621 |
| [development and application of taqman-mgb real-time quantitative pcr assay for detection of goat pox virus]. | the complete gene sequences of eight capripoxvirus strains in genbank were aligned and analyzed with dnastar software. we selected a size of 64 bp gene fragment that was located in gp064 region of goat pox virus (gpv) genome, and designed a pair of primers and a taqman-mgb probe against the gene fragment with primer express 2.0 software. then, the fluorescence quantitative pcr (fq-pcr) assay was developed and the standard curve of different dilution series was described. we extracted the dna sam ... | 2009 | 19621592 |
| immunogenicity and protective efficacy of semliki forest virus replicon-based dna vaccines encoding goatpox virus structural proteins. | goatpox, caused by goatpox virus (gtpv), is an acute feverish and contagious disease in goats often associated with high morbidity and high mortality. to resolve potential safety risks and vaccination side effects of existing live attenuated goatpox vaccine (av41), two semliki forest virus (sfv) replicon-based bicistronic expression dna vaccines (pcsm-aal and pcsm-baa) which encode gtpv structural proteins corresponding to the vaccinia virus proteins a27, l1, a33, and b5, respectively, were cons ... | 2009 | 19559453 |
| multicolor quantum dot-encoded microspheres for the fluoroimmunoassays of chicken newcastle disease and goat pox virus. | semiconductor nanocrystals (or quantum dots, qds) have the potential to overcome some of the limitations encountered by traditional fluorophores in fluorescence labeling applications. the unique spectroscopic properties of qds make them hold immense promise as versatile labels for biological applications. in this work, we employ the layer-by-layer (lbl) method for the construction of bio-functional multicolor qd-encoded microspheres. polystyrene microspheres with diameter of 3 microm were used a ... | 2009 | 19452974 |
| a vero cell derived combined vaccine against sheep pox and peste des petits ruminants for sheep. | the combined sheep pox and peste des petits ruminants (ppr) vaccine was prepared in lyophilized form containing recommended doses of both vaccine viruses. safety and immunogenicity of this combined vaccine was evaluated in sheep. sheep immunized subcutaneously with 1ml of live attenuated vaccine consisting of 10(3)tcid(50) each of sheep pox virus (spv) romanian fanar (rf) strain and peste des petits ruminants virus (pprv-sungri/96 strain) were monitored for clinical and serological responses for ... | 2009 | 19428860 |
| detection of antibodies specific for sheeppox and goatpox viruses using recombinant capripoxvirus antigens in an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. | viruses in the genus capripoxvirus, family poxviridae, cause sheeppox, goatpox and lumpy skin disease, which are the most serious poxvirus diseases of production animals. despite the considerable threat that these viruses pose to livestock production and global trade in sheep, goats, cattle and their products, convenient and effective serodiagnostic tools are not readily available. to develop a more effective antibody detection capability, selected open reading frames from capripoxvirus dna were ... | 2009 | 19426763 |
| capripoxvirus g-protein-coupled chemokine receptor: a host-range gene suitable for virus animal origin discrimination. | the genus capripoxvirus within the family poxviridae comprises three closely related viruses, namely goat pox, sheep pox and lumpy skin disease viruses. this nomenclature is based on the animal species from which the virus was first isolated, respectively, goat, sheep and cattle. since capripoxviruses are serologically identical, their specific identification relies exclusively on the use of molecular tools. we describe here the suitability of the g-protein-coupled chemokine receptor (gpcr) gene ... | 2009 | 19339476 |
| comparative efficacy of conventional and taqman polymerase chain reaction assays in the detection of capripoxviruses from clinical samples. | sheeppox and goatpox are economically important viral diseases of sheep and goats, respectively. both diseases are reportable to the world organization for animal health. to implement a control and eradication program for these diseases, a rapid and user-friendly diagnostic tool is imperative for screening. therefore, in the present study, taqman quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qpcr) and conventional pcr assays targeting the dna polymerase (dna pol) gene were developed for the detection ... | 2009 | 19286502 |
| the epidemiology of sheep pox in greece from 1987 to 2007. | the authors reviewthe epidemiology of sheep pox outbreaks in greece between 1987 and 2007. it is believed that sheep pox is introduced into greece principally from neighbouring countries to the east, and is associated with the movements of infected sheep flocks close to the border and contacts between humans and animals. disease foci have appeared in several central and north-eastern areas of the country. between 1982 and 1986, greece remained free of sheep pox but, in 1987, the disease appeared ... | 2008 | 19284058 |
| detection of antibodies against capripoxviruses using an inactivated sheeppox virus elisa. | an indirect elisa was developed to detect antibodies specific for capripoxviruses in goat, sheep and cattle sera. heat-inactivated nigerian sheeppox virus was used as the elisa antigen. sera obtained from sheep and goats that were experimentally infected with different capripoxvirus isolates were used to develop and evaluate the sensitivity of the elisa. virus neutralization indexes were determined for the experimental sera in oa3.ts cells. the specificity of the elisa was determined using 231 s ... | 2009 | 19281604 |
| yemen and vietnam capripoxviruses demonstrate a distinct host preference for goats compared with sheep. | sheeppox and goatpox are caused by viruses that are members of the genus capripoxvirus, and globally result in significant production losses. to improve the understanding of disease pathogenesis and evaluate host species preferences, sheep and goats were inoculated either with a capripoxvirus isolate from yemen or from a recent outbreak in vietnam. blood, swabs and tissues were collected at various time points following experimental challenge and assessed for viral dna content using real-time pc ... | 2009 | 19088279 |
| cell culture adapted sheeppox virus as a challenge virus for potency testing of sheeppox vaccine. | sheeppox virus from an outbreak of sheeppox that occurred in srinagar (jammu and kashmir, india) in 2000 was isolated by inoculation of susceptible sheep and further re-isolated in cell culture. the field virus, adapted to grow in lamb testes culture, was evaluated for its potential use as challenge virus in potency testing of sheeppox vaccine currently in use. the virus (passage 6) produced severe disease in susceptible sheep when inoculated subcutaneously with a dose of 106.2 tcid50. the virus ... | 2008 | 19024165 |
| capripoxviruses: an emerging worldwide threat to sheep, goats and cattle. | capripoxviruses are the cause of sheeppox, goatpox and lumpy skin disease (lsd) of cattle. these diseases are of great economic significance to farmers in regions in which they are endemic and are a major constraint to international trade in livestock and their products. although the distribution of capripoxviruses is considerably reduced from what it was even 50 years ago, they are now expanding their territory, with recent outbreaks of sheeppox or goatpox in vietnam, mongolia and greece, and o ... | 2008 | 18774991 |
| sheep pox disease outbreaks in madras red and mechery breeds of indigenous sheep in tamilnadu, india. | sheep pox disease outbreaks were recorded among madras red (n=145) and mechery (n=80) breeds of indigenous sheep on three farms in tamilnadu. over both breeds, adult mortality rate ranged from 2.66% to 37.5% and lamb mortality ranged from 10% to 17.33%. however, mortality was more in mechery sheep (50% overall; 37.5% adults, 12.5% lambs) than in madras red sheep (24.28% overall; 10.34% adults, 13.79% lambs). the clinical signs observed were high fever, anorexia, respiratory distress, mucopurulen ... | 2008 | 18586288 |
| the use of lumpy skin disease virus genome termini for detection and phylogenetic analysis. | during 2006 and 2007 there were two outbreaks of lumpy skin disease (lsd) in israel. an lsd virus (lsdv)-specific pcr assay was developed that can detected specifically lsdv even though the number of tested lsdv isolates were limited. full-length sheep pox and lsdv genome sequences were aligned to find non-homologous regions, which were then used for preparing specific primers, whose specificity was tested against several lsdv dna isolates and the system could detect all the different isolates. ... | 2008 | 18582954 |
| [construction, expression and immunogenicity of eukaryotic vectors based on goat pox virus p32 gene]. | the full-length p32 gene and the truncated p32 gene (mp-32) were amplified from the recombinant plasmid pmd-p32 by polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and cloned into pcdna3. 1(+) and pcdna3.1-cpg respectively. the recombinant plasmids (pcdna3.1-p32, pcdna3.1-cpg-p32 and pcdna3. 1-cpg-mp32) were transfected into bhk-21 cells by using lipofectin. the expressed p32 protein was confirmed by indirect immunofluorescence assay (ifa). the balb/c mice were immunized with these recombinant plasmids by intram ... | 2008 | 18533345 |
| quantification of lumpy skin disease virus following experimental infection in cattle. | lumpy skin disease along with sheep pox and goatpox are the most serious poxvirus diseases of livestock, and are caused by viruses that belong to the genus capripoxvirus within the subfamily chordopoxvirinae, family poxviridae. to facilitate the study of lumpy skin disease pathogenesis, we inoculated eight 4- to 6-month-old holstein calves intravenously with lumpy skin disease virus (lsdv) and collected samples over a period of 42 days for analysis by virus isolation, real-time pcr and light mic ... | 2008 | 18503511 |
| in vitro antiviral activity of plant extracts on goatpox virus replication. | four plants having known medicinal properties were screened for inhibition of goatpox virus (gtpv) replication in vitro. of the 4 plants, extract of acacia arabica (babul) and eugenia jambolana (jamun) leaves had inhibition (%) 99.70 and 99.92 at their maximum non toxic concentrations, 99.93 +/- 0.38 and 1999.73 +/- 0.50 microg/ml, respectively in all cytopathic effect (cpe) inhibition assays. inhibition of gtpv virus replication was further confirmed by pcr and sybr green based quantitative rea ... | 2008 | 18335810 |
| rapid preclinical detection of sheeppox virus by a real-time pcr assay. | sheeppox virus (sppv) is a member of the capripoxvirus (capv) genus of the poxviridae family. members of this genus, which also include goatpox and lumpy skin disease viruses, cause economically significant disease in sheep, goats, and cattle. a rapid diagnostic assay for capv would be useful for disease surveillance as well as for detection of capv in clinical samples and for outbreak management. here we describe a fluorogenic probe hydrolysis (taqman) pcr assay designed for rapid detection of ... | 2008 | 18032617 |
| capripoxvirus tissue tropism and shedding: a quantitative study in experimentally infected sheep and goats. | sheeppox virus and goatpox virus cause systemic disease in sheep and goats that is often associated with high morbidity and high mortality. to increase understanding of the pathogenesis of these diseases, we undertook quantitative time-course studies in sheep and goats following intradermal inoculation of nigerian sheeppox virus or indian goatpox virus in their respective homologous hosts. viremia, determined by virus isolation and real-time pcr, cleared within 2 to 3 weeks post inoculation. pea ... | 2008 | 17988703 |
| evaluation of an ovine testis cell line (oa3.ts) for propagation of capripoxvirus isolates and development of an immunostaining technique for viral plaque visualization. | an ovine testis cell line (oa3.ts) was evaluated and compared with primary lamb kidney (lk) cells for its utility in capripoxvirus propagation and titration. a comparison of oa3.ts cell growth kinetics and morphology at low (<33) and high (34-36) passage levels indicated a difference in both characteristics. however, viral titers determined in low and high passage oa3.ts cells were comparable with those obtained using lk cells. capripoxvirus infection of oa3.ts and lk cells resulted in a similar ... | 2007 | 17823391 |
| sheeppox virus kelch-like gene sppv-019 affects virus virulence. | sheeppox virus (sppv), a member of the capripoxvirus genus of the poxviridae, is the etiologic agent of a significant disease of sheep in the developing world. genomic analysis of pathogenic and vaccine capripoxviruses identified genes with potential roles in virulence and host range, including three genes with similarity to kelch-like genes of other poxviruses and eukaryotes. here, a mutant sppv with a deletion in the sppv-019 kelch-like gene, deltaklp, was derived from the pathogenic strain sp ... | 2007 | 17686843 |
| recombinant capripoxviruses expressing proteins of bluetongue virus: evaluation of immune responses and protection in small ruminants. | the development of recombinant capripoxviruses for protective immunization of ruminants against bluetongue virus (btv) infection is described. sheep (n=11) and goats (n=4) were immunized with btv recombinant capripoxviruses (btv-cpox) individually expressing four different genes encoding two capsid proteins (vp2 and vp7) and two non-structural proteins (ns1, ns3) of btv serotype 2 (btv-2). seroconversion was observed against ns3, vp7 and vp2 in both species and a lymphoproliferation specific to ... | 2007 | 17669563 |
| a duplex pcr assay for simultaneous detection and differentiation of capripoxvirus and orf virus. | a duplex polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was developed and optimized for simultaneous detection and differentiation of capripoxvirus (cpv) (including goat pox virus and sheep pox virus) and orf virus (orfv). two sets of specific oligonucleotide primers were designed and used for cpv and orfv, respectively. the duplex pcr dna products, which consisted of fragments of 413 bp for a29l gene of cpv, and 708 bp for p55 gene of orfv, were visualized by gel electrophoresis. the developed assay was found ... | 2007 | 17350223 |
| economic and epidemiological aspects of an outbreak of sheeppox in a dairy sheep flock. | 2007 | 17308023 | |
| elimination of toxicity and enhanced detection of lumpy skin disease virus on cell culture from experimentally infected bovine semen samples. | lumpy skin disease virus (lsdv), a poxvirus of the genus capripoxvirus, is shed in the semen of infected bulls. the screening of semen for infectious virus requires a sensitive diagnostic method. the isolation of the virus on cell cultures and/or the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) are sensitive diagnostic tests which may be used to screen semen for lsd viral dna prior to artificial insemination. although cell culture detects infectious virus and is a sensitive method, there are major difficulti ... | 2006 | 17283726 |
| a sheeppox virus outbreak in central turkey in 2003: isolation and identification of capripoxvirus ovis. | poxvirus epidemics occur almost every year and cause significant economic losses for small-scale animal producers in turkey. in this study, the causative agent of the most recent epidemic in central anatolia was detected in clinical samples using electron microscopy (em) and amplified using an in house polymerase chain reaction procedure for the first time. additionally, the aetiological agent was isolated from a sheep and identified using em and pcr. | 2006 | 17139549 |
| a bivalent vaccine against goat pox and peste des petits ruminants induces protective immune response in goats. | safety and immunogenicity of an experimental combined vaccine comprising attenuated strains of peste des petits ruminants virus (pprv) and goat poxvirus (gtpv) was evaluated in goats. goats immunized subcutaneously with 1 ml of vaccine consisting of 10(3) tcid(50) of each of pprv and gtpv were monitored for clinical and serological responses for a period of 4 weeks postimmunization (pi) and postchallenge (pc). specific antibodies directed to both gtpv and pprv could be demonstrated by indirect e ... | 2006 | 16828938 |
| genome annotation transfer utility (gatu): rapid annotation of viral genomes using a closely related reference genome. | since dna sequencing has become easier and cheaper, an increasing number of closely related viral genomes have been sequenced. however, many of these have been deposited in genbank without annotations, severely limiting their value to researchers. while maintaining comprehensive genomic databases for a set of virus families at the viral bioinformatics resource center http://www.biovirus.org and viral bioinformatics - canada http://www.virology.ca, we found that researchers were unnecessarily spe ... | 2006 | 16772042 |
| an epidemiological study of sheep pox infection in karnataka state, india. | analysis of retrospective quantitative sheep pox epidemiological data from the government animal husbandry department, karnataka, india, covering 24 years revealed significant information on sheep pox. the state has a dense sheep population including some valuable breeds. data revealed the endemicity of the disease: there were a considerable number of outbreaks and attacks, high mortality and case fatality rates and low immunisation coverage. none of the years studied were free from infection. t ... | 2005 | 16642761 |
| [differentiation of capripoxvirus species and strains by polymerase chain reaction]. | a fast and simple method for capripoxvirus species identification has been developed. the method is based on multiplex polymerase chain reaction (mpcr) with species-specific primers and does not require nucleotide sequencing or restriction analysis of pcr products. to differentiate vaccine stains used in russia and countries of the former soviet union from epizootic isolates of sheep pox virus, a method based on restriction analysis of the ankyrin-repeat protein gene fragment amplified by pcr ha ... | 2006 | 16523702 |
| the current status of sheep pox disease. | sheep are the moving banks of shepherds and their economic contribution in terms of meat, wool and skin/hide is immense. various infectious diseases jeopardize the optimum productivity; among which sheep pox is more important as the disease restricts the export of sheep and their products besides other economic losses. although, clinical signs are indicative of the disease but a laboratory confirmation is necessary for unequivocal diagnosis and studying epidemiology. the causative agent, sheep p ... | 2006 | 16458357 |
| immunohistochemical evaluation of inflammatory infiltrate in the skin and lung of lambs naturally infected with sheeppox virus. | the present study describes immunophenotypic characteristics of inflammatory infiltrate in the skin and lung of lambs naturally infected with sheeppox virus (spv). three lambs revealed typical cutaneous and pulmonary lesions of sheeppox. histologically, cutaneous and pulmonary lesions consisted of hyperplastic and/or degenerative changes in the epithelium with mononuclear cells, neutrophils, and typical sheeppox cells (spcs), which had a vacuolated nucleus and marginated chromatin with occasiona ... | 2006 | 16407491 |
| the detection of lumpy skin disease virus in samples of experimentally infected cattle using different diagnostic techniques. | lumpy skin disease (lsd) is a disease of cattle, primarily in africa and madagascar and rarely in the middle east. it is caused by a capripoxvirus that belongs to the family poxviridae. the disease is of economic importance in endemic areas. effective control of lsd requires accurate and rapid laboratory techniques to confirm a tentative clinical diagnosis. comparative studies on different diagnostic tests used at different stages of the disease have not been done. the aim of this study was to c ... | 2005 | 16137133 |
| [virus production laboratory]. | 1997 | 15945188 | |
| an outbreak of sheep pox on a sheep breeding farm in jammu, india. | an outbreak of sheep pox occurred in december 2001 on a sheep breeding farm in jammu, india. the farm maintains three exotic breeds of sheep, i.e. american merino, rambouillet and australian cross. the disease agent was confirmed as sheep pox virus by clinical and post-mortem examination as well as laboratory testing. typical pock lesions were dispersed over the body of the affected animals with nodular lesions observed in the lung tissue of the dead animals. sheep pox virus antigen and antibody ... | 2004 | 15861890 |
| modulation of macrophage functions by sheeppox virus provides clues to understand interaction of the virus with host immune system. | poxviruses encode a range of immunomodulatory genes to subvert or evade the challenges posed by the innate and adaptive immune responses. however, the inactivated poxviruses possessed immunostimulating capacity and were used as a prophylactic or metaphylactic application that efficiently reduced susceptibility to infectious diseases in different species. this fact is intensively studied in different genera of poxviruses. however, little is known about the basic mechanisms adopted by sheeppox vir ... | 2005 | 15784144 |
| the production and evaluation of a standard diagnostic peste des petits ruminants (ppr) hyperimmune serum prepared from the egyptian antigen (egypt 87). | the aim of this study was to produce a specific hyperimmune serum for diagnosis of peste des petits ruminants (ppr). based on good laboratory practices and standard operating procedures, we produced this reagent in goats using attenuated local strain of pprv. the quality was assured to meet the internationally required levels of potency and sterility. the titer of the product was 1024 as evaluated by virus neutralization (vn) and agar gel immunodiffusion (agid) tests. in its final form, it is a ... | 2004 | 15724381 |
| trials for preparation of inactivated sheep pox vaccine using binary ethyleneimine. | binary ethyleneimine (bei) was used to inactivate the local egyptian strain of sheep pox virus. the inactivation process was applied using final concentrations of bei at 0.5, 1, 2 and 3% for different incubation periods at 37 degrees c. the virus was completely inactivated after 7 hours incubation with by 2% bei final concentration; the inactivated virus was adsorbed on aluminium hydroxide gel when incubated for 6 hours in a concentration 1:1. the antibody levels were estimated by virus neutrali ... | 2003 | 15719613 |
| a classical live attenuated vaccine for sheep pox. | a classical live attenuated sheep pox vaccine was prepared using the ranipet strain of sheep pox virus (spv) at the 50th passage in a secondary lamb testicular cell system. the tcid50 and rd50 were 10(9.63)/ml and 10(9.51)/ml. respectively. the sid50 of spv challenge virus was 10(5)/ml. the vaccine was found to have no adverse effects in laboratory animals, and was safe and effective in spv seronegative lambs. in the field, 660 sheep were vaccinated with an immunizing dose containing 1 x 10(2) t ... | 2004 | 15241965 |
| a vero cell-attenuated goatpox virus provides protection against virulent virus challenge. | an indian isolate of goatpox virus (gtpv) was adapted and propagated in vero cells for development of an attenuated virus. the virus was initially passaged in primary lamb testes cells and subsequently in vero cells. at the 55th passage, the virus showed evidence of attenuation when tested for safety in seronegative goats. at this stage, the virus was found to be completely non-pathogenic. the virus was passaged further and the 60th passage was used for testing its immunogenicity in goats. the l ... | 2004 | 15230470 |
| differentiation of sheep pox and goat poxviruses by sequence analysis and pcr-rflp of p32 gene. | sheep pox and goat pox are highly contagious viral diseases of small ruminants. these diseases were earlier thought to be caused by a single species of virus, as they are serologically indistinguishable. p32, one of the major immunogenic genes of capripoxvirus, was isolated and sequenced from two indian isolates of goat poxvirus (gpv) and a vaccine strain of sheep poxvirus (spv). the sequences were compared with other p32 sequences of capripoxviruses available in the database. sequence analysis ... | 2004 | 15215685 |
| poxvirus genomes: a phylogenetic analysis. | the evolutionary relationships of 26 sequenced members of the poxvirus family have been investigated by comparing their genome organization and gene content and by using dna and protein sequences for phylogenetic analyses. the central region of the genome of chordopoxviruses (chpvs) is highly conserved in gene content and arrangement, except for some gene inversions in fowlpox virus (fpv) and species-specific gene insertions in fpv and molluscum contagiosum virus (mcv). in the central region 90 ... | 2004 | 14718625 |
| vaccines for lumpy skin disease, sheep pox and goat pox. | sheep pox, goat pox and lumpy skin disease (neethling) are diseases of sheep, goats and cattle respectively, caused by strains of poxvirus, within the genus capripoxvirus. strains affecting sheep and goats are not totally host-specific; some cause disease in both sheep and goats while others may cause disease in only one species. those causing disease in cattle appear to be specific for cattle, and this is reflected in the different geographical distribution of lumpy skin disease (lsd) and sheep ... | 2003 | 14677686 |
| complete genomic sequence and comparative analysis of the tumorigenic poxvirus yaba monkey tumor virus. | the yatapoxvirus genus of poxviruses is comprised of yaba monkey tumor virus (ymtv), tanapox virus, and yaba-like disease virus (yldv), which all have the ability to infect primates, including humans. unlike other poxviruses, ymtv induces formation of focalized histiocytomas upon infection. to gain a greater understanding of the yatapoxvirus genus and the unique tumor formation properties of ymtv, we sequenced the 134,721-bp genome of ymtv. the genome of ymtv encodes at least 140 open reading fr ... | 2003 | 14645589 |
| evaluation of lumpy skin disease virus, a capripoxvirus, as a replication-deficient vaccine vector. | lumpy skin disease virus (lsdv), a capripoxvirus with a host range limited to ruminants, was evaluated as a replication-deficient vaccine vector for use in non-ruminant hosts. by using the rabies virus glycoprotein (rg) as a model antigen, it was demonstrated that recombinant lsdv encoding the rabies glycoprotein (rlsdv-rg) was able to express rg in both permissive (ruminant) and non-permissive (non-ruminant) cells. the recombinant lsdv, however, replicated to maturity only in permissive but not ... | 2003 | 12867628 |
| study on skin diseases in sheep from northern ethiopia. | a study was conducted to determine the cause and prevalence of skin diseases in local sheep from northern ethiopia. of 520 sheep examined 174 (33%) had skin diseases of different causes. the identified causes were lice infestation due to damalina ovis and linognatus africanus (21%), sheep pox (8%), sarcoptic mange (sarcoptic scab. var. ovis) (4%), dermatophilosis due to dermatophilus congolensis (3%), and orf (contagious ecthyma) (3%). there was no statistically significant (p > 0.05) associatio ... | 2003 | 12596667 |
| development of a dual recombinant vaccine to protect small ruminants against peste-des-petits-ruminants virus and capripoxvirus infections. | a recombinant capripoxvirus vaccine containing a cdna of the peste-des-petits-ruminants virus (pprv) fusion protein gene was constructed. a quick and efficient method was used to select a highly purified recombinant virus clone. a trial showed that a dose of this recombinant as low as 0.1 pfu protected goats against challenge with a virulent pprv strain. | 2003 | 12502870 |
| goat immune response to capripox vaccine expressing the hemagglutinin protein of peste des petits ruminants. | sheep-pox and capripox are contagious diseases of domestic small ruminants for which the causal agent is a poxvirus classified into the capripoxvirus genus. viruses of this group have a host range specific to sheep, goats, cattle, and possibly buffalo. thus, they are clearly indicated as vectors for the development of recombinant vaccines for peste des petits ruminants (ppr). here we report the immune response of goats inoculated with a recombinant capripox-ppr hemagglutinin. | 2002 | 12381569 |
| the genomes of sheeppox and goatpox viruses. | sheeppox virus (sppv) and goatpox virus (gtpv), members of the capripoxvirus genus of the poxviridae, are etiologic agents of important diseases of sheep and goats in northern and central africa, southwest and central asia, and the indian subcontinent. here we report the genomic sequence and comparative analysis of five sppv and gtpv isolates, including three pathogenic field isolates and two attenuated vaccine viruses. sppv and gtpv genomes are approximately 150 kbp and are strikingly similar t ... | 2002 | 12021338 |
| long term immunity in african cattle vaccinated with a recombinant capripox-rinderpest virus vaccine. | cattle were vaccinated with a recombinant capripox-rinderpest vaccine designed to protect cattle from infection with either rinderpest virus (rpv) or lumpy skin disease virus (lsdv). vaccination did not induce any adverse clinical responses or show evidence of transmission of the vaccine virus to in-contact control animals. approximately 50% of the cattle were solidly protected from challenge with a lethal dose of virulent rpv 2 years after vaccination while at 3 years approx. 30% were fully pro ... | 2002 | 12002554 |
| importance of thymidine kinase activity for normal growth of lumpy skin disease virus (sa-neethling). | in order to study the importance of an intact thymidine kinase (tk) gene for the vaccine strain of a southern african capripoxvirus, namely, lumpy skin disease virus (lsdv) (type sa-neethling), a tk disruption recombinant was generated expressing the escherichia coli beta-galactosidase (lacz) reporter gene. a comparative growth study of the recombinant and wild-type (wt) lsdv in tk-positive primary and secondary cells and tk-negative secondary cells was performed. it was found that although reco ... | 2002 | 11958465 |
| the genome of swinepox virus. | swinepox virus (swpv), the sole member of the suipoxvirus genus of the poxviridae, is the etiologic agent of a worldwide disease specific for swine. here we report the genomic sequence of swpv. the 146-kbp swpv genome consists of a central coding region bounded by identical 3.7-kbp inverted terminal repeats and contains 150 putative genes. comparison of swpv with chordopoxviruses reveals 146 conserved genes encoding proteins involved in basic replicative functions, viral virulence, host range, a ... | 2002 | 11752168 |
| a comprehensive review of goat pox and sheep pox and their diagnosis. | sheep and goats occupy a premier place in the livestock industry and contribute significantly to the world economy. their populations are threatened by a number of health hazards, among the most notable of which are goat pox and sheep pox. these diseases inflict substantial losses in terms of reduced productivity and lower quality of wool and leather. they pose a major obstacle to the intensive rearing of sheep and goats and considerably hamper international trade. a comprehensive knowledge of g ... | 2000 | 11708598 |
| genome of lumpy skin disease virus. | lumpy skin disease virus (lsdv), a member of the capripoxvirus genus of the poxviridae, is the etiologic agent of an important disease of cattle in africa. here we report the genomic sequence of lsdv. the 151-kbp lsdv genome consists of a central coding region bounded by identical 2.4 kbp-inverted terminal repeats and contains 156 putative genes. comparison of lsdv with chordopoxviruses of other genera reveals 146 conserved genes which encode proteins involved in transcription and mrna biogenesi ... | 2001 | 11435593 |
| [comparative study of the immunizing ability of some attenuated strains of sheep pox virus and of a sensitizing vaccine]. | the authors present the results of a study designed to compare the immunogenicity of several attenuated strains of sheep pox virus and a virus/immune serum vaccine. two of the strains studied present immunogenic characteristics that make them particularly interesting for the manufacture of a vaccine. the first, named djelfa, confers solid immunity to animals without provoking a vaccinal reaction; the second, known as romania, can provide protection beyond twenty-four months, but causes persisten ... | 2000 | 11107620 |
| immunohistochemical detection of antigen in lamb tissues naturally infected with sheeppox virus. | the present study describes the detection of sheeppox virus antigen in various lamb tissues, using an immunohistochemical technique, in sheeppox cases which occurred naturally. sheeppox viral antigen was detected in the cytoplasm of sheeppox cells and degenerated epithelial cells of the skin, lungs and digestive tract involving typical sheeppox lesions. nuclear staining was also observed in some typically deformed nuclei of sheeppox cells. the immunostaining of sheeppox virus showed a correlatio ... | 2000 | 10829571 |
| detection of sheep poxvirus in skin biopsy samples by a multiplex polymerase chain reaction. | the development of a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (pcr) method with amplification of capripoxvirus in a single-step procedure from skin biopsies using three primer pairs, two specific for capripoxvirus and one specific for alpha-tubulin is described. a sensitive multiplex pcr was achieved by optimization of parameters such as the primer concentrations, magnesium and dntps concentrations. false negative results that sometimes arise due to inhibitors of dna amplification may be avoided by t ... | 2000 | 10680965 |
| evaluation of an immunocapture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of capripoxviruses. | 1999 | 10499858 | |
| a capripoxvirus detection pcr and antibody elisa based on the major antigen p32, the homolog of the vaccinia virus h3l gene. | sheeppoxvirus (spv), goatpoxvirus (gpv) and lumpy skin disease virus (lsdv) of cattle belong to the capripoxvirus genus of the poxviridae family and can cause significant economic losses in countries where they are endemic. capripox diagnosis by classical virological methods dependent on live capripox virus is not suitable in countries such as australia where the virus is exotic and live virus is not available. to develop diagnostic tests based on recombinant material, we cloned and sequenced a ... | 1999 | 10485266 |
| identification and characterisation of an early/late bi-directional promoter of the capripoxvirus, lumpy skin disease virus. | identification and characterisation of an early/late bi-directional promoter element of lumpy skin disease virus (lsdv) is described. the 56 bp element shows substantial structural similarities with other poxvirus promoters, providing further evidence that transcriptional elements are conserved within the poxviridae. the relative strengths of the lsdv early and late promoters were compared to the vaccinia virus (vv) p7.5k and p11k promoters in transient expression assays. these transient assays ... | 1999 | 10446656 |
| improved detection of capripoxvirus in biopsy samples by pcr. | a simple test based on the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) was used to detect capripoxvirus dna in tissue culture supernatants and biopsy samples. the identity of the pcr products was confirmed by restriction enzyme analysis. the test has greater sensitivity and good specificity compared to an antigen trapping enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay which uses a detector antibody raised against a recombinant capripoxvirus-specific antigen. the reagents for the pcr-based test are all available commerci ... | 1998 | 9763122 |
| evaluation of hyperimmune sera against goat pox viral antigens. | laboratory diagnosis of goat poxvirus (gpv) requires suitable diagnostic reagents (sera and antigens). gpv-infected scab suspension has been used as antigen for production of hyperimmune sera (his) by several workers (pandey and singh, 1972; tantawi et al., 1980; sharma et al., 1988). this antiserum sometimes reacts non-specifically in routine laboratory tests such as the agar gel precipitation test (agpt) and counter-immunoelectrophoresis (cie) (sharma et al., 1988). production of specific goat ... | 1998 | 9760714 |
| evaluation of immunocapture elisa for diagnosis of goat pox. | an immunocapture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ic-elisa) for the detection of goat poxvirus (gpv) antigen in skin biopsy samples obtained from healthy and experimentally infected goats as well as from goats from field was evaluated. the assay was 80-100% specific and 70-86% sensitive, and was compared with a commonly used diagnostic test, namely, the counter immunoelectrophoresis (cie) test in the efficacy for goat pox. although ic-elisa was marginally more sensitive than the cie test, the ... | 1997 | 9607095 |
| evaluation of different serological tests for the diagnosis of goat pox using soluble antigens. | a reverse-phase passive haemagglutination (rpha) test was developed and standardised after coupling glutaraldehyde- and tannic acid-treated sheep erythrocytes with the soluble goat pox virus (gpv) antigens for the detection of gpv antibody in goat sera. the rpha test was as sensitive as the latex agglutination (la) test, and more sensitive than precipitation tests viz. agar gel precipitation and counter immunoelectrophoresis. nevertheless, the la test was practically the most useful. | 1997 | 9493297 |
| the concept of virus attenuation in the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. | 1997 | 9325002 | |
| identification and characterization of differentiating soluble antigens of sheep and goat poxviruses. | soluble antigens of sheep and goat poxviruses (spv, gpv) were isolated and purified from scab suspensions prepared from lesions of experimentally infected homologous hosts. the soluble antigens were then subjected to sequential ammonium sulphate precipitation. all the obtained fractions reacted in counter immunoelectrophoresis (cie) with both the antisera against spv and gpv except the fraction obtained at 30% saturation level (30% sspv), which did not react with antiserum against gpv. this diff ... | 1996 | 9171453 |
| trial of a capripoxvirus-rinderpest recombinant vaccine in african cattle. | cattle were vaccinated with differing doses of an equal mixture of capripox-rinderpest recombinant viruses expressing either the fusion protein (f) or the haemagglutinin protein (h) of rinderpest virus. animals vaccinated with 2 x 10(4) p.f.u. or greater of the combined viruses were completely protected against challenge, 1 month later, with both virulent rinderpest and lumpy skin disease viruses. vaccination with any of the doses did not induce any adverse clinical response in the animals or tr ... | 1997 | 9042036 |
| single radial haemolysis for the detection of goat pox virus antigen and antibody. | the single radial haemolysis (srh) test was standardised for the detection of goat pox antigen and antibody. in this test soluble antigens, and serum prepared against soluble antigens were used for coupling sheep erythrocytes to detect goat pox antibody and antigen, respectively. this test was compared with the agar gel precipitation test (agpt) and counter immunoelectrophoresis (cie) test; the 2 most commonly used tests for goat pox diagnosis. srh was found to be as sensitive as agpt and cie in ... | 1996 | 8815608 |
| expression of the major core structural protein (vp7) of bluetongue virus, by a recombinant capripox virus, provides partial protection of sheep against a virulent heterotypic bluetongue virus challenge. | a recombinant capripox virus was constructed containing a cdna copy of genome segment 7 of bluetongue virus (btv) serotype 1 from south africa (btv 1sa), which expressed high levels of the major btv core protein vp7 in infected lamb testis (lt) cells. sheep vaccinated with this recombinant virus developed antibodies to vp7 (detected by elisa) but no neutralizing antibodies to either the homologous or heterologous btv serotype, prior to challenge (btv 1 or btv 3, respectively). following challeng ... | 1996 | 8659119 |
| [main infectious agents involved in the etiology of lung diseases of small ruminants in northern cameroon]. | between 1990 and 1992, 91 necropsies of small ruminants affected with pulmonary illness led to the isolation of the following strains of mycoplasma (m.): m. mycoides subsp. mycoides lc, m. ovipneumoniae, m. agalactiae, m. sp. type d2 and m. arginini. eleven pasteurella multocida strains (serotypes a1, a3, a5, a7 and d2) and 11 pasteurella haemolytica strains (serotypes 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 8 and 9) were isolated. corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, actinomyces pyogenes, staphylococcus sp., streptococc ... | 1995 | 8552842 |
| single capripoxvirus recombinant vaccine for the protection of cattle against rinderpest and lumpy skin disease. | a recombinant capripoxvirus has been constructed containing a full-length cdna of the fusion protein gene of rinderpest virus. the gene was inserted in the thymidine kinase gene of the capripox genome under the control of the vaccinia virus major late promoter p11 together with the escherichia coli gpt gene in the opposite orientation under the control of the vaccinia early/late promoter p7.5. a vaccine prepared from this recombinant virus protected cattle against clinical rinderpest after a let ... | 1993 | 8342321 |