Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| lipopolysaccharide triggers different transcriptional signatures in taurine and indicine cattle macrophages: reactive oxygen species and potential outcomes to the development of immune response to infections. | macrophages are classified upon activation as classical activated m1 and m2 anti-inflammatory regulatory populations. this macrophage polarization is well characterized in humans and mice, but m1/m2 profile in cattle has been far less explored. bos primigenius taurus (taurine) and bos primigenius indicus (indicine) cattle display contrasting levels of resistance to infection and parasitic diseases such as c57bl/6j and balb/c murine experimental models of parasite infection outcomes based on gene ... | 2020 | 33156842 |
| whole-genome sequencing provides new insights into genetic mechanisms of tropical adaptation in nellore (bos primigenius indicus). | most of the knowledge about genetic variants at the sequence level in cattle is for bos primigenius taurus populations. here, we presented a complete genomic characterization of 52 nellore (bos primigenius indicus) bulls, revealing specific zebu dna variants with putative impact in tropical adaptation and productive traits. single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) and insertion/deletion (indels) mutations were identified using the newest bovine reference genome ars_ucd1.2, and variant functional c ... | 2020 | 32523018 |
| non-destructive zooms identification reveals strategic bone tool raw material selection by neandertals. | five nearly identical fragments of specialized bone tools, interpreted as lissoirs (french for "smoothers"), have been found at two middle paleolithic sites in southwest france. the finds span three separate archaeological deposits, suggesting continuity in the behavior of late neandertals. using standard morphological assessments, we determined that the lissoirs were produced on ribs of medium-sized ungulates. however, since these bones are highly fragmented and anthropogenically modified, spec ... | 2020 | 32385291 |
| sodium selenite improves in vitro maturation of bos primigenius taurus oocytes. | selenium (se) is an essential trace element with important functions in animals and whose deficiency is associated with reproductive failures. the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of se concentrations during in vitro maturation (ivm) of bos taurus oocyte within the reference ranges for se status in cattle. for this purpose, aberdeen angus cumulus-oocyte complexes (cocs) were matured in ivm medium supplemented with 0, 10, 50, and 100 ng/ml se (control, deficient, marginal, and adeq ... | 2020 | 31705431 |
| development of cytochrome b, a new candidate gene for a high accuracy detection of fasciola eggs in fecal specimens. | fasciolosis among domestic ruminants has resulted in a decrease in the production of milk products and has occasionally led to the deaths of young ruminants due to of acute infections. this study aimed to discriminate between the eggs of fasciola gigantica and other trematode eggs in samples collected from ruminant feces specimens using pcr-based methods with the new candidate gene cytochrome b (cytb). a species-specific primer was developed with a high degree of sensitivity (3.285 pg). the prim ... | 2019 | 31539665 |
| adapt or die-response of large herbivores to environmental changes in europe during the holocene. | climate warming and human landscape transformation during the holocene resulted in environmental changes for wild animals. the last remnants of the european pleistocene megafauna that survived into the holocene were particularly vulnerable to changes in habitat. to track the response of habitat use and foraging of large herbivores to natural and anthropogenic changes in environmental conditions during the holocene, we investigated carbon (δ13 c) and nitrogen (δ15 n) stable isotope composition in ... | 2019 | 31298814 |
| ancient cattle genomics, origins, and rapid turnover in the fertile crescent. | genome-wide analysis of 67 ancient near eastern cattle, bos taurus, remains reveals regional variation that has since been obscured by admixture in modern populations. comparisons of genomes of early domestic cattle to their aurochs progenitors identify diverse origins with separate introgressions of wild stock. a later region-wide bronze age shift indicates rapid and widespread introgression of zebu, bos indicus, from the indus valley. this process was likely stimulated at the onset of the curr ... | 2019 | 31296769 |
| the use of cattle bos taurus for restoring and maintaining holarctic landscapes: conclusions from a long-term study (1946-2017) in northern england. | cattle bos taurus can perform valuable ecological functions in the maintenance of high nature value (hnv) pastoral systems. they have also attracted attention as potentially filling the ecological niches of megaherbivores, notably the extinct aurochs bos primigenius, in rewilding initiatives. native cattle breeds are recognized under the 1992 rio convention as components of biodiversity. they are used in hnv settings, but their conservation as breeds has rarely been an important consideration fo ... | 2019 | 31161004 |
| post-traumatic intraocular leiomyosarcoma in a domestic bovine calf (bos primigenius taurus). | the present report describes a case of a post-traumatic ocular leiomyosarcoma in a calf (bos primigenius taurus) including clinical, histopathological and immunohistochemical features. following a traumatic episode, the animal developed opacification of the lens and shrinkage of the eye. subsequently, the ocular lesion increased in size over a period of 6 weeks and reached up to 16 cm in diameter with infiltration into the cranium. at necropsy examination, the kidneys, liver and spleen exhibited ... | 2019 | 31103058 |
| functional textile finishing of type i collagen isolated from bovine bone for potential healthtech. | collagen is the most abundant fibrous protein in animal's body and is widely used for biomedical and pharmaceutical applications. the principal sources of this protein are bovine, porcine and fish skin and bones. in colombia, bovine bones are waste from meat industry, this material have potential as an alternative source of collagen isolation. the aim of this study was to evaluate the composition and some properties of type i collagen (col i) extracted of bovine bones of zebu-bos primigenius ind ... | 2019 | 30891510 |
| whole-genome sequencing of three native cattle breeds originating from the northernmost cattle farming regions. | northern fennoscandia and the sakha republic in the russian federation represent the northernmost regions on earth where cattle farming has been traditionally practiced. in this study, we performed whole-genome sequencing to genetically characterize three rare native breeds eastern finncattle, western finncattle and yakutian cattle adapted to these northern eurasian regions. we examined the demographic history, genetic diversity and unfolded loci under natural or artificial selection. on average ... | 2018 | 30687392 |
| domestication of cattle: two or three events? | cattle have been invaluable for the transition of human society from nomadic hunter-gatherers to sedentary farming communities throughout much of europe, asia and africa since the earliest domestication of cattle more than 10,000 years ago. although current understanding of relationships among ancestral populations remains limited, domestication of cattle is thought to have occurred on two or three occasions, giving rise to the taurine (bos taurus) and indicine (bos indicus) species that share t ... | 2019 | 30622640 |
| demography and rapid local adaptation shape creole cattle genome diversity in the tropics. | the introduction of iberian cattle in the americas after columbus' arrival imposed high selection pressures on a limited number of animals over a brief period of time. knowledge of the genomic regions selected during this process may help in enhancing climatic resilience and sustainable animal production. we first determined taurine and indicine contributions to the genomic structure of modern creole cattle. second, we inferred their demographic history using approximate bayesian computation (ab ... | 2019 | 30622639 |
| in silico identification of conserved mirnas and their selective target gene prediction in indicine (bos indicus) cattle. | the modern cattle was domesticated from aurochs, sharing its physiological traits into two subspecies bos taurus and bos indicus. micrornas (mirnas) are a class of non-coding short rnas of ~22nt which have a key role in the regulation of many cellular and physiological processes in the animal. the current study was aimed to predict and annotate the potential mutations in indicine mirnas throughout the genome using de novo and homology-based in silico approaches. genome-wide mapping was performed ... | 2018 | 30365525 |
| association study between copy number variation and beef fatty acid profile of nellore cattle. | the aim of this study was to analyze the association between the copy number variation regions (cnvrs) and fatty acid profile phenotypes for saturated (sfa), monosaturated (mufa), polyunsaturated (pufa), ω6 and ω3 fatty acids, pufa/sfa and ω6/ω3 ratios, as well as for their sums, in nellore cattle (bos primigenius indicus). a total of 963 males were finished in feedlot and slaughtered with approximately 2 years of age. animals were genotyped with the bovinehd beadchip (illumina inc., san diego, ... | 2018 | 29520708 |
| mitochondrial dna variants of podolian cattle breeds testify for a dual maternal origin. | over the past 15 years, 300 out of 6000 breeds of all farm animal species identified by the food and agriculture organization of the united nations (fao) have gone extinct. among cattle, many podolian breeds are seriously endangered in various european areas. podolian cattle include a group of very ancient european breeds, phenotypically close to the aurochs ancestors (bos primigenius). the aim of the present study was to assess the genetic diversity of podolian breeds and to reconstruct their o ... | 2018 | 29462170 |
| the mtdna haplogroup p of modern asian cattle: a genetic legacy of asian aurochs? | aurochs (bos primigenius) were distributed throughout large parts of eurasia and northern africa during the late pleistocene and the early holocene, and all modern cattle are derived from the aurochs. although the mtdna haplogroups of most modern cattle belong to haplogroups t and i, several additional haplogroups (p, q, r, c and e) have been identified in modern cattle and aurochs. haplogroup p was the most common haplogroup in european aurochs, but so far, it has been identified in only three ... | 2018 | 29304129 |
| genetic origin, admixture and population history of aurochs (bos primigenius) and primitive european cattle. | this corrects the article doi: 10.1038/hdy.2016.79. | 2017 | 29019469 |
| detection of two non-synonymous snps in slc45a2 on bta20 as candidate causal mutations for oculocutaneous albinism in braunvieh cattle. | cases of albinism have been reported in several species including cattle. so far, research has identified many genes that are involved in this eye-catching phenotype. thus, when two paternal braunvieh half-sibs with oculocutaneous albinism were detected on a private farm, we were interested in knowing whether their phenotype was caused by an already known gene/mutation. | 2017 | 28982372 |
| infectious agents in bovine red meat and milk and their potential role in cancer and other chronic diseases. | red meat and dairy products have frequently been suggested to represent risk factors for certain cancers, chronic neurodegenerative diseases, and autoimmune and cardiovascular disorders. this review summarizes the evidence and investigates the possible involvement of infectious factors in these diseases. the isolation of small circular single-stranded dna molecules from serum and dairy products of eurasian aurochs (bos taurus)-derived cattle, obviously persisting as episomes in infected cells, p ... | 2017 | 28349283 |
| divergence in the evolution of paleolithic symbolic and technological systems: the shining bull and engraved tablets of rocher de l'impératrice. | the development of the azilian in western europe 14,000 years ago is considered a "revolution" in upper paleolithic archaeology. one of the main elements of this rapid social restructuring is the abandonment of naturalistic figurative art on portable pieces or on cave walls in the magdalenian in favor of abstract expression on small pebbles. recent work shows that the transformation of human societies between the magdalenian and the azilian was more gradual. the discovery of a new early azilian ... | 2017 | 28257445 |
| genome-wide microrna binding site variation between extinct wild aurochs and modern cattle identifies candidate microrna-regulated domestication genes. | the domestication of cattle from the now-extinct wild aurochs (bos primigenius) involved selection for physiological and behavioral traits, with underlying genetic factors that remain largely unknown. non-coding micrornas have emerged as key regulators of the spatio-temporal expression of target genes controlling mammalian growth and development, including in livestock species. during the domestication process, selection of mutational changes in mirnas and/or mirna binding sites could have provi ... | 2017 | 28197171 |
| [the importance of conservation of rare domestic animal breeds using the example of arc warder]. | the domestic animals descend from various wild ancestors. thus, for example, of the wolf, the dog (15 000 bc), of the bezoar goat the goat (10 000 bc), of the asian mouflon the sheep (10 000 bc), of the wild boar the pig (8000 bc) and of the aurochs the cattle (7000 bc). domestication has dramatically changed our culture and led to a great diversity of animal breeds. this is a unique cultural and historical treasure, which we have to preserve for future generations. the zoological park arc wa ... | 2017 | 28070591 |
| complex admixture preceded and followed the extinction of wisent in the wild. | retracing complex population processes that precede extreme bottlenecks may be impossible using data from living individuals. the wisent (bison bonasus), europe's largest terrestrial mammal, exemplifies such a population history, having gone extinct in the wild but subsequently restored by captive breeding efforts. using low coverage genomic data from modern and historical individuals, we investigate population processes occurring before and after this extinction. analysis of aligned genomes sup ... | 2017 | 28007976 |
| provisioning the ritual neolithic site of kfar hahoresh, israel at the dawn of animal management. | it is widely agreed that a pivotal shift from wild animal hunting to herd animal management, at least of goats, began in the southern levant by the middle pre-pottery neolithic b period (10,000-9,500 cal. bp) when evidence of ritual activities flourished in the region. as our knowledge of this critical change grows, sites that represent different functions and multiple time periods are needed to refine the timing, pace and character of changing human-animal relationships within the geographicall ... | 2016 | 27902736 |
| [genital-urinary rhabdomyosarcoma in childhood: our experience]. | rhabdomyosarcoma (rsm) becomes the most common tumour of the soft tissues during the paediatric age. it represents among 2-3% of child tumours. the genital-urinary location is the second most common location, only after head and neck. the treatment is usually medical, being the surgery a mere contribution, except for the cases in which the situation is not under control, when very aggressive surgery is necessary. the aim of this study is to analyse the cases of genial-urinary rms that have been ... | 2014 | 27775271 |
| early cave art and ancient dna record the origin of european bison. | the two living species of bison (european and american) are among the few terrestrial megafauna to have survived the late pleistocene extinctions. despite the extensive bovid fossil record in eurasia, the evolutionary history of the european bison (or wisent, bison bonasus) before the holocene (<11.7 thousand years ago (kya)) remains a mystery. we use complete ancient mitochondrial genomes and genome-wide nuclear dna surveys to reveal that the wisent is the product of hybridization between the e ... | 2016 | 27754477 |
| genetic origin, admixture and population history of aurochs (bos primigenius) and primitive european cattle. | the domestication of taurine cattle initiated ~10 000 years ago in the near east from a wild aurochs (bos primigenius) population followed by their dispersal through migration of agriculturalists to europe. although gene flow from wild aurochs still present at the time of this early dispersion is still debated, some of the extant primitive cattle populations are believed to possess the aurochs-like primitive features. in this study, we use genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms to assess re ... | 2016 | 27677498 |
| fast, accurate and automatic ancient nucleosome and methylation maps with epipaleomix. | the first epigenomes from archaic hominins (ah) and ancient anatomically modern humans (amh) have recently been characterized, based, however, on a limited number of samples. the extent to which ancient genome-wide epigenetic landscapes can be reconstructed thus remains contentious. here, we present epipaleomix, an open-source and user-friendly pipeline that exploits post-mortem dna degradation patterns to reconstruct ancient methylomes and nucleosome maps from shotgun and/or capture-enrichment ... | 2016 | 27624717 |
| the neurosurgical curmudgeon-of pygmalion, galatea, and aurochs arteriovenous malformation associated intracerebral hematoma scores, auroc analyses, representations, and reality. | 2016 | 27237415 | |
| bringing back the aurochs. | 2015 | 26785454 | |
| an independent event of neolithic cattle domestication on the south-eastern balkans: evidence from prehistoric aurochs and cattle populations. | neolithic/chalcolithic livestock domestication is an important issue for understanding the mode of life and economics of ancient human communities. the balkans appears to be a crucial point for clarifying the socio-economical interrelations between the oldest middle eastern/anatolian and newly formed cultures in europe. two main hypotheses regarding the early history of cattle domestication, from their ancestor - the aurochs, have been discussed: multipoint domestication centers or single point ... | 2017 | 26711535 |
| the first aurochs genome reveals the breeding history of british and european cattle. | the first genome sequence of the extinct european wild aurochs reveals the genetic foundation of native british and irish landraces of cattle.see related research article: www.dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13059-015-0790-2. | 2015 | 26498490 |
| genome sequencing of the extinct eurasian wild aurochs, bos primigenius, illuminates the phylogeography and evolution of cattle. | domestication of the now-extinct wild aurochs, bos primigenius, gave rise to the two major domestic extant cattle taxa, b. taurus and b. indicus. while previous genetic studies have shed some light on the evolutionary relationships between european aurochs and modern cattle, important questions remain unanswered, including the phylogenetic status of aurochs, whether gene flow from aurochs into early domestic populations occurred, and which genomic regions were subject to selection processes duri ... | 2015 | 26498365 |
| microsatellite and mitochondrial dna study of native eastern european cattle populations: the case of the romanian grey. | the eastern european grey cattle are regarded as the direct descendants of the aurochs (bos taurus primigenius). nowadays in romania, less than 100 grey animals are being reared and included in the national gene reserve. we examined the genetic diversity among romanian grey, brown, spotted and black and white cattle breeds, with a particular focus on romanian grey through the use of (i) 11 bovine specific microsatellite markers on 83 animals and (ii) 638 bp length of mitochondrial dna (mtdna) d- ... | 2015 | 26398563 |
| adipose tissue macrophages in non-rodent mammals: a comparative study. | the stromal vascular fraction (svf) of adipose tissue in rodents and primates contains mesenchymal stem cells and immune cells. svf cells have complex metabolic, immune and endocrine functions with biomedical impact. however, in other mammals, the amount of data on svf stem cells is negligible and whether the svf hosts immune cells is unknown. in this study, we show that the svf is rich in immune cells, with a dominance of adipose tissue macrophages (atms) in cattle (bos primigenius taurus), dom ... | 2016 | 26239911 |
| revisiting demographic processes in cattle with genome-wide population genetic analysis. | the domestication of the aurochs took place approximately 10,000 years ago giving rise to the two main types of domestic cattle known today, taurine (bos taurus) domesticated somewhere on or near the fertile crescent, and indicine (bos indicus) domesticated in the indus valley. however, although cattle have historically played a prominent role in human society the exact origin of many extant breeds is not well known. here we used a combination of medium and high-density illumina bovine snp array ... | 2015 | 26082794 |
| the genetic prehistory of domesticated cattle from their origin to the spread across europe. | cattle domestication started in the 9(th) millennium bc in southwest asia. domesticated cattle were then introduced into europe during the neolithic transition. however, the scarcity of palaeogenetic data from the first european domesticated cattle still inhibits the accurate reconstruction of their early demography. in this study, mitochondrial dna from 193 ancient and 597 modern domesticated cattle (bos taurus) from sites across europe, western anatolia and iran were analysed to provide insigh ... | 2015 | 26018295 |
| [mycobacterium infection in prehistoric humans: co-evolution in remote ages]. | the introduction of agriculture and animal husbandry at the end of the mesolithic era, despite enabling a significant demographic growth through an increase in food storage and availability, caused new infectious noxae to enter the pathocoenosis. however in the palaeolithic era, hunter-gatherers were already in contact with infectious diseases of animal origin, albeit episodically. modern biomedical technologies allow us to estimate, with better approximation, how long mankind has been in contac ... | 2015 | 25819058 |
| [the notion of extinction: the case of the aurochs]. | 2013 | 25799627 | |
| a study of neospora caninum and toxoplasma gondii antibody seroprevalence in healthy cattle in the czech republic. | the aim of study was to test the sera of healthy dairy cows by elisas, the methods also used in other groups of animals in the czech republic, and thus to obtain actual data about n. caninum and t. gondii seroprevalence in cattle. | 2015 | 25780824 |
| european bison as a refugee species? evidence from isotopic data on early holocene bison and other large herbivores in northern europe. | according to the refugee species concept, increasing replacement of open steppe by forest cover after the last glacial period and human pressure had together forced european bison (bison bonasus)--the largest extant terrestrial mammal of europe--into forests as a refuge habitat. the consequent decreased fitness and population density led to the gradual extinction of the species. understanding the pre-refugee ecology of the species may help its conservation management and ensure its long time sur ... | 2015 | 25671634 |
| sarcocystis-infection of cattle in hungary. | reports on sarcocystis-infection of cattle are outdated or lacking in many european countries, including those in the central-eastern part of the continent. therefore, to assess the prevalence of sarcocystis spp. among bovids in hungary, a countrywide survey was initiated. in addition, fulminant deaths of four cattle, that showed clinical signs and post mortem lesions resembling acute sarcocystiosis ("dalmeny disease"), were investigated. | 2015 | 25650226 |
| neanderthal exploitation of ibex and chamois in southwestern europe. | there is increasing evidence that neanderthals had a diverse and flexible diet. they exploited a wide range of resources from large proboscideans to small animals like turtles, rabbits, and marine species. here, we discuss the importance of ibex and chamois in neanderthal hunting strategies. the exploitation of both animals has traditionally been regarded as typical of homo sapiens hunting behavior but was not a feature of neanderthal behavior, which was thought to have focused on other kinds of ... | 2015 | 25481629 |
| definition of the cattle killer cell ig-like receptor gene family: comparison with aurochs and human counterparts. | under selection pressure from pathogens, variable nk cell receptors that recognize polymorphic mhc class i evolved convergently in different species of placental mammal. unexpectedly, diversified killer cell ig-like receptors (kirs) are shared by simian primates, including humans, and cattle, but not by other species. whereas much is known of human kir genetics and genomics, knowledge of cattle kir is limited to nine cdna sequences. to facilitate comparison of the cattle and human kir gene famil ... | 2014 | 25398326 |
| complete mitochondrial genome of the yakow (bos primigenius taurus × bos grunniens) in china. | the chinese yakow, bos primigenius taurus × bos grunniens, is a large and commercially important hybrid in family bovidae. we first determined and annotated its complete mitochondrial genome. the mitogenome is 16,322 bp in length, consisting of 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer rna (trna) genes, 2 ribosomal rna (rrna) genes and a control region. as in other mammals, most mitochondrial genes are encoded on the heavy strand, except for nd6 and eight trna genes, which are encoded on the light st ... | 2016 | 25186658 |
| incorporation of aurochs into a cattle herd in neolithic europe: single event or breeding? | domestication is an ongoing process continuously changing the lives of animals and humans and the environment. for the majority of european cattle (bos taurus) genetic and archaeozoological evidence support initial domestication ca. 11'000 bp in the near east from few founder aurochs (bos primigenius) belonging to the mitochondrial dna t macro-haplogroup. gene flow between wild european aurochs of p haplogroup and domestic cattle of t haplogroup, coexisting over thousands of years, appears to ha ... | 2014 | 25052335 |
| trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid reduces neutral lipid content and may affect cryotolerance of in vitro-produced crossbred bovine embryos. | due to high neutral lipids accumulation in the cytoplasm, in vitro-produced embryos from bos primigenius indicus and their crosses are more sensitive to chilling and cryopreservation than those from bos primigenius taurus. the objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (cla) on the development and cryotolerance of crossbred bos primigenius taurus x bos primigenius indicus embryos produced in vitro, and cultured in the presence of fetal ... | 2014 | 25002968 |
| revisiting aflp fingerprinting for an unbiased assessment of genetic structure and differentiation of taurine and zebu cattle. | descendants from the extinct aurochs (bos primigenius), taurine (bos taurus) and zebu cattle (bos indicus) were domesticated 10,000 years ago in southwestern and southern asia, respectively, and colonized the world undergoing complex events of admixture and selection. molecular data, in particular genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) markers, can complement historic and archaeological records to elucidate these past events. however, snp ascertainment in cattle has been optimized for ... | 2014 | 24739206 |
| documentation and quantitative analysis of local ethnozoological knowledge among traditional healers of theni district, tamil nadu, india. | this study investigated the use of animals among the traditional healers in theni district of tamil nadu, india. the data regarding the medicinal animals/animal products were documented and their usages were analyzed quantitatively. | 2014 | 24680989 |
| antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and probiotic potential of enterococcus hirae isolated from the rumen of bos primigenius. | in the present study bacterial strains were isolated from the rumen fluids of bos primigenius and investigated their in vitro probiotic properties with potent antibacterial activity and anti-inflammatory effects. 9 g positive bacterial isolates were obtained and three isolates could able to tolerate gastric conditions, high bile salt concentrations and exhibited significant bactericidal effect against the enteric pathogens vibrio cholera, enterococcus faecalis, enterobacter aerogens, pseudomonas ... | 2014 | 24609495 |
| the seal tuberculosis agent, mycobacterium pinnipedii, infects domestic cattle in new zealand: epidemiologic factors and dna strain typing. | the fur seal (arctocephalus forsteri), which is abundant in coastal areas of new zealand, harbors several zoonotic pathogens, including mycobacterium pinnipedii, a member of the mycobacterium tuberculosis complex. we describe the microbiology and epidemiology of seven cases of m. pinnipedii infection in beef cattle (bos primigenius) in coastal areas of new zealand in 1991-2011. epidemiologic factors were analyzed on six case farms and a telephone survey of 55 neighboring farms. a dna-strain typi ... | 2014 | 24484478 |
| genetic characterization of giardia duodenalis by sequence analysis in humans and animals in pemba island, tanzania. | giardia duodenalis represents one of the most widespread human enteric parasites: about 200million people in asia, africa and latin america are infected. giardia exerts a deep impact on public health because of high prevalence and possible effects on growth and cognitive functions in infected children. the major aim of this study was to detect and genetically characterize g. duodenalis in both human and animal fecal samples collected in pemba island, in the archipelago of zanzibar (tanzania), in ... | 2014 | 24269210 |
| complete mitochondrial genome of wild aurochs (bos primigenius) reconstructed from ancient dna. | extinct aurochs (bos primigenius), accepted as the ancestor of domestic cattle, was one of the largest wild animals inhabiting europe, asia and north africa. the gradual process of aurochs extinction finished in poland in 1627, were the last recorded aurochs, a female, died. some aspects of cattle domestication history and the distribution of aurochs genetic material among modern cattle breeds still remain unclear. analyses of ancient dna (adna) from bone sample deliver new genetic information a ... | 2013 | 23971194 |
| genome-wide association study for birth weight in nellore cattle points to previously described orthologous genes affecting human and bovine height. | birth weight (bw) is an economically important trait in beef cattle, and is associated with growth- and stature-related traits and calving difficulty. one region of the cattle genome, located on bos primigenius taurus chromosome 14 (bta14), has been previously shown to be associated with stature by multiple independent studies, and contains orthologous genes affecting human height. a genome-wide association study (gwas) for bw in brazilian nellore cattle (bos primigenius indicus) was performed u ... | 2013 | 23758625 |
| new world cattle show ancestry from multiple independent domestication events. | previous archeological and genetic research has shown that modern cattle breeds are descended from multiple independent domestication events of the wild aurochs (bos primigenius) ∼10,000 y ago. two primary areas of domestication in the middle east/europe and the indian subcontinent resulted in taurine and indicine lines of cattle, respectively. american descendants of cattle brought by european explorers to the new world beginning in 1493 generally have been considered to belong to the taurine l ... | 2013 | 23530234 |
| tracing the genetic roots of the indigenous white park cattle. | the white park cattle (wpc) is an indigenous ancient breed from the british isles which has a long-standing history in heroic sagas and documents. the wpc has retained many primitive traits, especially in their grazing behaviour and preferences. altogether, the aura of this breed has led to much speculation surrounding its origin. in this study, we sequenced the mitogenomes from 27 wpc and three intronic fragments of genes from the y chromosome of three bulls. we observed six novel mitogenomic l ... | 2013 | 23350719 |
| efficacy of diffusion tensor anisotropy indices and tractography in assessing the extent of severity of spinal cord injury: an in vitro analytical study in calf spinal cords. | signal intensity changes observed in magnetic resonance imaging (mri) do not reveal the actual severity of axonal damage incurred in spinal cord injuries. diffusion tensor imaging (dti) is an imaging technique with a potential to track individual nerve fiber tracts. | 2012 | 23245938 |
| mycobacterium bovis infections in slaughter pigs in mubende district, uganda: a public health concern. | bovine tuberculosis (tb) caused by mycobacterium bovis is primarily a disease of ruminants, particularly cattle (bos primigenius) and buffalo (syncerus caffer), and is endemic in most developing countries. to date, studies done in uganda have documented the prevalence of m. bovis in cattle, humans and wild life, in addition to non-tuberculous mycobacteria in pigs. pigs are increasingly becoming an important component of the livestock sector and share the human ecosystem in rural uganda. it is th ... | 2012 | 22999303 |
| associations of fasn gene polymorphisms with economical traits in nellore cattle (bos primigenius indicus). | the aim of this study was to identify molecular markers to be applied to marker-assisted selection. three snps of the fasn gene were studied. pcr-rflp was used for genotyping. the snps g.17924a>g, g.17860c>t and g.15603a>g all in the fasn gene were genotyped using the enzymes msci, ddei and hae iii, respectively. the animals were raised in extensive systems and belong to three lines selected for growth as part of the selection program of zebu and caracu breeds, são paulo, brazil. allele and geno ... | 2012 | 22941250 |
| association of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the bovine leptin and leptin receptor genes with growth and ultrasound carcass traits in nellore cattle. | given the important role of leptin in metabolism, we looked for a possible association of leptin and leptin receptor polymorphisms with carcass and growth traits in nellore cattle. we examined associations of leptin and leptin receptor snps with ultrasound carcass (longissimus dorsi muscle area (ribeye area), backfat thickness and rump fat thickness and growth traits (weaning weight adjusted to 210 days of age, yearling weight adjusted to 550 days of age, weight gain of weaning to yearling and s ... | 2012 | 22930433 |
| spottier targets are less attractive to tabanid flies: on the tabanid-repellency of spotty fur patterns. | during blood-sucking, female members of the family tabanidae transmit pathogens of serious diseases and annoy their host animals so strongly that they cannot graze, thus the health of the hosts is drastically reduced. consequently, a tabanid-resistant coat with appropriate brightness, colour and pattern is advantageous for the host. spotty coats are widespread among mammals, especially in cattle (bos primigenius). in field experiments we studied the influence of the size and number of spots on t ... | 2012 | 22876282 |
| modern taurine cattle descended from small number of near-eastern founders. | archaeozoological and genetic data indicate that taurine cattle were first domesticated from local wild ox (aurochs) in the near east some 10,500 years ago. however, while modern mitochondrial dna (mtdna) variation indicates early holocene founding event(s), a lack of ancient dna data from the region of origin, variation in mutation rate estimates, and limited application of appropriate inference methodologies have resulted in uncertainty on the number of animals first domesticated. a large numb ... | 2012 | 22422765 |
| estimation of taurindicine hybridization of american zebu cattle in brazil. | our objective was to estimate bos primigenius taurus introgression in american zebu cattle. one hundred and four american zebu (nellore) cattle were submitted to mtdna, microsatellite and satellite analysis. twenty-three alleles were detected in microsatellite analysis, averaging 4.6 ± 1.82/locus. variance component comparisons of microsatellite allele sizes allowed the construction of two clusters separating taurus and indicus. no significant variation was observed when indicus and taurus mtdna ... | 2012 | 22370942 |
| molecular evidence of host influences on the evolution and spread of human tapeworms. | the taeniasis/cysticercosis complex is included in the list of neglected zoonotic diseases by the world health organization due to its significant impact on public health in tropical areas. cysticercosis is still endemic in many regions of asia, africa and latin america. long absent in europe and in other developed countries, cysticercosis has recently re-emerged in the united states and canada, due to immigration, travel and local transmission. this has encouraged the use of molecular data to u ... | 2012 | 22321512 |
| ancient dna extracted from danish aurochs (bos primigenius): genetic diversity and preservation. | we extracted dna from 39 danish aurochs specimens and successfully amplified and sequenced a 252 base pair long fragment of the multivariable region i of the mitochondrial control region from 11 specimens. the sequences from these specimens dated back to 9830-2865 14cyr bp and represent the first study of genetic variation of danish aurochs. in addition, for all specimens we address correlations between the ability to obtain dna sequences and various parameters such as the age of the sample, the ... | 2011 | 22188739 |
| association between muc1 gene polymorphism and expected progeny differences in nelore cattle (bos primigenius indicus). | muc1 is a heavily glycosylated mammalian transmembrane protein expressed by mucosal secretory tissues for both protection against microbial infection and lubrication. an important characteristic of muc1 is its variable number of tandem repeats (vntr) containing several sites for o-glycosylation. vntr length has been associated with many human diseases and with certain economically important traits in domestic ruminants. the aim of the present study was to correlate the length of muc1 gene vntr w ... | 2010 | 21637607 |
| the complete mitochondrial genome of an 11,450-year-old aurochsen (bos primigenius) from central italy. | bos primigenius, the aurochs, is the wild ancestor of modern cattle breeds and was formerly widespread across eurasia and northern africa. after a progressive decline, the species became extinct in 1627. the origin of modern taurine breeds in europe is debated. archaeological and early genetic evidence point to a single near eastern origin and a subsequent spread during the diffusion of herding and farming. more recent genetic data are instead compatible with local domestication events or at lea ... | 2011 | 21281509 |
| the enigmatic origin of bovine mtdna haplogroup r: sporadic interbreeding or an independent event of bos primigenius domestication in italy? | when domestic taurine cattle diffused from the fertile crescent, local wild aurochsen (bos primigenius) were still numerous. moreover, aurochsen and introduced cattle often coexisted for millennia, thus providing potential conditions not only for spontaneous interbreeding, but also for pastoralists to create secondary domestication centers involving local aurochs populations. recent mitochondrial genomes analyses revealed that not all modern taurine mtdnas belong to the shallow macro-haplogroup ... | 2010 | 21209945 |
| the effect of size and density on the mean retention time of particles in the reticulorumen of cattle ( bos primigenius f. taurus), muskoxen ( ovibos moschatus) and moose ( alces alces). | particle passage from the reticulorumen (rr) depends on particle density and size. forage particle density and size are related and change over time in the rr. particle density mainly influences sorting in the reticulum, whereas particle size influences particle retention in the fibre mat of stratified rumen contents ('filter-bed' effect). we investigated these effects independently, by inserting plastic particles of different sizes (1, 10 and 20 mm) and densities (1·03, 1·20 and 1·44 mg/ml) in ... | 2010 | 21144130 |
| tracing the biological origin of animal glues used in paintings through mitochondrial dna analysis. | we report the development of a suitable protocol for the identification of the biological origin of binding media on tiny samples from ancient paintings, by exploitation of the high specificity and high sensitivity offered by the state-of-the art dna analysis. in particular, our aim was to molecularly characterize mitochondrial regions of the animal species traditionally employed for obtaining glues. the model has been developed using aged painting models and then tested to analyze the organic c ... | 2010 | 20953766 |
| insights into the genetic history of french cattle from dense snp data on 47 worldwide breeds. | modern cattle originate from populations of the wild extinct aurochs through a few domestication events which occurred about 8,000 years ago. newly domesticated populations subsequently spread worldwide following breeder migration routes. the resulting complex historical origins associated with both natural and artificial selection have led to the differentiation of numerous different cattle breeds displaying a broad phenotypic variety over a short period of time. | 2010 | 20927341 |
| association of snps on capn1 and cast genes with tenderness in nellore cattle. | we examined whether single-nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) in the calpain (capn) and calpastatin (cast) genes, described from bos primigenius taurus, are polymorphic in nellore cattle. we also looked for a possible association of linkage disequilibrium of this polymorphism with tenderness of the longissimus dorsi muscle after 7, 14 and 21 days of postmortem aging in 638 purebred nellore bulls. meat tenderness was measured as warner-bratzler shear force. additive and dominance effects were tested ... | 2010 | 20662159 |
| cattle demographic history modelled from autosomal sequence variation. | the phylogeography of cattle genetic variants has been extensively described and has informed the history of domestication. however, there remains a dearth of demographic models inferred from such data. here, we describe sequence diversity at 37 000 bp sampled from 17 genes in cattle from africa, europe and india. clearly distinct population histories are suggested between bos indicus and bos taurus, with the former displaying higher diversity statistics. we compare the unfolded site frequency s ... | 2010 | 20643743 |
| necrotizing infiltrative lipomatosis in a miniature zebu bull (bos primigenius indicus). | lipomatosis is described in a miniature zebu, bos primigenius indicus, bull that died of perianesthetic complications. this is the first pathologic description of lipomatosis that we are aware of in this species and breed of cattle. infiltration of multiple visceral organs is described and depicted along with comparison to previously published cases of lipomatosis in other breeds of cattle. | 2010 | 20445793 |
| population dynamic of the extinct european aurochs: genetic evidence of a north-south differentiation pattern and no evidence of post-glacial expansion. | the aurochs (bos primigenius) was a large bovine that ranged over almost the entirety of the eurasian continent and north africa. it is the wild ancestor of the modern cattle (bos taurus), and went extinct in 1627 probably as a consequence of human hunting and the progressive reduction of its habitat. to investigate in detail the genetic history of this species and to compare the population dynamics in different european areas, we analysed bos primigenius remains from various sites across italy. | 2010 | 20346116 |
| a complete mitochondrial genome sequence from a mesolithic wild aurochs (bos primigenius). | the derivation of domestic cattle from the extinct wild aurochs (bos primigenius) has been well-documented by archaeological and genetic studies. genetic studies point towards the neolithic near east as the centre of origin for bos taurus, with some lines of evidence suggesting possible, albeit rare, genetic contributions from locally domesticated wild aurochsen across eurasia. inferences from these investigations have been based largely on the analysis of partial mitochondrial dna sequences gen ... | 2010 | 20174668 |
| pronounced segregation of donor mitochondria introduced by bovine ooplasmic transfer to the female germ-line. | ooplasmic transfer (ot) has been used in basic mouse research for studying the segregation of mtdna, as well as in human assisted reproduction for improving embryo development in cases of persistent developmental failure. using cattle as a large-animal model, we demonstrate that the moderate amount of mitochondria introduced by ot is transmitted to the offspring's oocytes; e.g., modifies the germ line. the donor mtdna was detectable in 25% and 65% of oocytes collected from two females. its high ... | 2010 | 19955333 |
| differential passage of fluids and different-sized particles in fistulated oxen (bos primigenius f. taurus), muskoxen (ovibos moschatus), reindeer (rangifer tarandus) and moose (alces alces): rumen particle size discrimination is independent from contents stratification. | ruminant species differ in the degree that their rumen contents are stratified but are similar insofar that only very fine particles are passed from the forestomach to the lower digestive tract. we investigated the passage kinetics of fluid and particle markers (2, 10 and 20 mm) in fistulated cattle (bos primigenius f. taurus), muskoxen (ovibos moschatus), reindeer (rangifer tarandus) and moose (alces alces) on different diets. the distribution of dry matter in the rumen and the viscosity of rum ... | 2010 | 19896552 |
| the multifaceted origin of taurine cattle reflected by the mitochondrial genome. | a neolithic domestication of taurine cattle in the fertile crescent from local aurochsen (bos primigenius) is generally accepted, but a genetic contribution from european aurochsen has been proposed. here we performed a survey of a large number of taurine cattle mitochondrial dna (mtdna) control regions from numerous european breeds confirming the overall clustering within haplogroups (t1, t2 and t3) of near eastern ancestry, but also identifying eight mtdnas (1.3%) that did not fit in haplogrou ... | 2009 | 19484124 |
| cytochrome b sequences of ancient cattle and wild ox support phylogenetic complexity in the ancient and modern bovine populations. | mitochondrial dna has been the traditional marker for the study of animal domestication, as its high mutation rate allows for the accumulation of molecular diversity within the time frame of domestic history. additionally, it is exclusively maternally inherited and haplotypes become part of the domestic gene pool via actual capture of a female animal rather than by interbreeding with wild populations. initial studies of british aurochs identified a haplogroup, designated p, which was found to be ... | 2009 | 19456314 |
| distribution and extinction of ungulates during the holocene of the southern levant. | the southern levant (israel, palestinian authority and jordan) has been continuously and extensively populated by succeeding phases of human cultures for the past 15,000 years. the long human impact on the ancient landscape has had great ecological consequences, and has caused continuous and accelerating damage to the natural environment. the rich zooarchaeological data gathered at the area provide a unique opportunity to reconstruct spatial and temporal changes in wild species distribution, and ... | 2009 | 19401760 |
| differences in fecal particle size between free-ranging and captive individuals of two browser species. | data from captive animals indicated that browsing (br) ruminants have larger fecal particles-indicative of lesser chewing efficiency-than grazers (gr). to answer whether this reflects fundamental differences between the animal groups, or different reactions of basically similar organisms to diets fed in captivity, we compared mean fecal particle size (mps) in a gr and a br ruminant (aurox bos primigenius taurus, giraffe giraffa camelopardalis) and a gr and a br hindgut fermenter (przewalski's ho ... | 2008 | 19360605 |
| y-snps do not indicate hybridisation between european aurochs and domestic cattle. | previous genetic studies of modern and ancient mitochondrial dna have confirmed the near eastern origin of early european domestic cattle. however, these studies were not able to test whether hybridisation with male aurochs occurred post-domestication. to address this issue, götherström and colleagues (2005) investigated the frequencies of two y-chromosomal haplotypes in extant bulls. they found a significant influence of wild aurochs males on domestic populations thus challenging the common vie ... | 2008 | 18852900 |
| y chromosome haplotype analysis in portuguese cattle breeds using snps and strs. | dna samples from 307 males of 13 portuguese native cattle breeds, 57 males of the 3 major exotic breeds in portugal (charolais, friesian, and limousin), and 5 brahman (bos indicus) were tested for 5 single nucleotide polymorphisms, 1 "indel," and 7 microsatellites specific to the y chromosome. the 13 y-haplotypes defined included 3 previously described patrilines (y1, y2, and y3) and 10 new haplotypes within bos taurus. native cattle contained most of the diversity with 7 haplotypes (h2y1, h3y1, ... | 2009 | 18832111 |
| ancestral matrilineages and mitochondrial dna diversity of the lidia cattle breed. | to clarify the genetic ancestry and the mitochondrial dna (mtdna) diversity of the lidia cattle breed, a 521-bp d-loop fragment was sequenced in 527 animals belonging to 70 herds distributed across 29 lineages. the mtdna diversity recorded was similar to that seen for middle eastern breeds and greater than that recorded for the majority of european breeds. haplotype t3 was the most common (81%), followed by the african t1 haplotype (17%); very low frequencies were recorded for haplotypes t and t ... | 2008 | 18822101 |
| temporal fluctuations of y-chromosomal variation in bos taurus. | phylogeography has recently become more abundant in studies of demographic history of both wild and domestic species. a single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) in the intron of the y-chromosomal gene uty19 displays a north-south gradient in modern cattle. support for this geographical distribution of haplogroups has previously also been seen in ancient cattle from germany. however, when analysing 38 historic remains of domestic bulls and three aurochs from northern europe for this snp we found no s ... | 2008 | 18713712 |
| complete mitochondrial genomes of bos taurus and bos indicus provide new insights into intra-species variation, taxonomy and domestication. | the taurine and zebuine cattle breeds comprise the majority of the world cattle population but their taxonomic status is still controversial. the two forms of cattle are currently classified as bos taurus and bos indicus species and are differentiated primarily by the presence or absence of a hump. however, these two species hybridize readily, producing fully fertile offspring. we have determined and analyzed complete b. taurus and b. indicus mitochondrial genome sequences to investigate the ext ... | 2008 | 18467841 |
| correlating bayesian date estimates with climatic events and domestication using a bovine case study. | the tribe bovini contains a number of commercially and culturally important species, such as cattle. understanding their evolutionary time scale is important for distinguishing between post-glacial and domestication-associated population expansions, but estimates of bovine divergence times have been hindered by a lack of reliable calibration points. we present a bayesian phylogenetic analysis of 481 mitochondrial d-loop sequences, including 228 radiocarbon-dated ancient dna sequences, using a mu ... | 2008 | 18426745 |
| [the changes of expression and fc-gamma-receptor's polypeptide composition of fetal small intestine enterocytes in bos primigenius taurus l]. | the expression and polypeptide composition of fc-gamma-receptors of enterocytes from bos primigenius taurus l. intestine at 3-, 5-, 7-, 9- month of fetal development was investigated. the results of immunobloting show similar composition of fc-gamma-receptors extracted from apical and basolateral membranes. the proteins that bind igg after paag electrophoresis and transferring on nitrocellulose were observed as 120, 87, 72 and 43 kda polypeptide line. the changes of each polypeptide contents wer ... | 2008 | 18416181 |
| mitochondrial genomes of extinct aurochs survive in domestic cattle. | 2008 | 18302915 | |
| mitochondrial dna control region analysis of a late neolithic aurochs (bos primigenius boj. 1827) from the carpathian basin. | bos primigenius, the wild aurochs is believed to be the ancestor of european domestic cattle, bos taurus. the geography and climate of the great hungarian plain were well suited for these large grazing animals in the late neolithic. till now, there are just a few aurochs mtdna fragments available from two geographically restricted area, the british isles and italy. to increase our knowledge about the genetics of the european aurochsen livestock, and to investigate the phylogenetic position of a ... | 2007 | 18297799 |
| resolving a zoological mystery: the kouprey is a real species. | the kouprey is a rare and enigmatic forest ox discovered by scientists in cambodia only in 1937. numerous morphological hypotheses have been proposed for the origin of the kouprey: that it is a species closely related to banteng and gaur, two other wild oxen of southeast asia; a morphologically divergent species placed in a separate genus, named novibos; a wild species linked to aurochs and domestic cattle; a vicariant population of banteng; a feral cattle; or a hybrid of banteng with either zeb ... | 2007 | 17848372 |
| modern hunting behavior in the early middle paleolithic: faunal remains from misliya cave, mount carmel, israel. | understanding the behavioral adaptations and subsistence strategies of middle paleolithic humans is critical in the debate over the evolution and manifestations of modern human behavior. the study of faunal remains plays a central role in this context. until now, the majority of levantine archaeofaunal evidence was derived from late middle paleolithic sites. the discovery of faunal remains from misliya cave, mount carmel, israel (>200 ka), allowed for detailed taphonomic and zooarchaeological an ... | 2007 | 17669471 |
| mitochondrial dna analysis shows a near eastern neolithic origin for domestic cattle and no indication of domestication of european aurochs. | the extinct aurochs (bos primigenius primigenius) was a large type of cattle that ranged over almost the whole eurasian continent. the aurochs is the wild progenitor of modern cattle, but it is unclear whether european aurochs contributed to this process. to provide new insights into the demographic history of aurochs and domestic cattle, we have generated high-confidence mitochondrial dna sequences from 59 archaeological skeletal finds, which were attributed to wild european cattle populations ... | 2007 | 17412685 |
| [history and economic importance of cattle (bos taurus l.) in switzerland from neolithic to early middle ages]. | in switzerland domestic cattle (bos primigenius f. taurus resp. bos taurus l.) first appear with the earliest neolithic settlements (approximately 5000 bc). with the gradual deforestation of the landscape caused by human exploitation of the environment, cattle were used more intensive and in many ways. there is evidence that cattle were used as draught animal since ca. 3400 bc, probably even earlier milk was regularly used. the size of domestic cattle gradually decreased from early neolithic unt ... | 2007 | 17243447 |
| freshly excavated fossil bones are best for amplification of ancient dna. | despite the enormous potential of analyses of ancient dna for phylogeographic studies of past populations, the impact these analyses, most of which are performed with fossil samples from natural history museum collections, has been limited to some extent by the inefficient recovery of ancient genetic material. here we show that the standard storage conditions and/or treatments of fossil bones in these collections can be detrimental to dna survival. using a quantitative paleogenetic analysis of 2 ... | 2007 | 17210911 |
| polymorphisms of two y chromosome microsatellites in chinese cattle. | two y chromosome specific microsatellites umn2404 and umn0103 were genotyped and assessed for polymorphisms in a total of 423 unrelated males from 25 indigenous chinese cattle breeds. consistently, both microsatellites displayed specific indicine and taurine alleles in each bull examined. the indicine and taurine alleles were detected in 248 males (58.6%), and 175 males (41.4%), respectively, although these frequencies varied amongst different breeds examined. the indicine alleles dominated in t ... | 2006 | 16954044 |
| evolution of bovine herpesvirus 4: recombination and transmission between african buffalo and cattle. | bovine herpesvirus 4 (bohv-4) has been isolated from cattle throughout the world, but virological and serological studies have suggested that the african buffalo is also a natural host for this virus. it has previously been found that the bo17 gene of bohv-4 was acquired from an ancestor of the african buffalo, probably around 1.5 million years ago. analysis of the variation of the bo17 gene sequence among bohv-4 strains suggested a relatively ancient transmission of bohv-4 from the buffalo to t ... | 2006 | 16690915 |
| the origin of european cattle: evidence from modern and ancient dna. | cattle domestication from wild aurochsen was among the most important innovations during the neolithic agricultural revolution. the available genetic and archaeological evidence points to at least two major sites of domestication in india and in the near east, where zebu and the taurine breeds would have emerged independently. under this hypothesis, all present-day european breeds would be descended from cattle domesticated in the near east and subsequently spread during the diffusion of herding ... | 2006 | 16690747 |