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microbial diversity and activity in hypersaline high arctic spring channels.lost hammer (lh) spring is a unique hypersaline, subzero, perennial high arctic spring arising through thick permafrost. in the present study, the microbial and geochemical characteristics of the lh outflow channels, which remain unfrozen at ≥-18°c and are more aerobic/less reducing than the spring source were examined and compared to the previously characterized spring source environment. lh channel sediments contained greater microbial biomass (~100-fold) and greater microbial diversity reflec ...201222246205
development of a multiplex pcr for identification of vineyard mealybugs.a simple molecular tool was developed and tested to identify seven mealybug species found in north american vineyards: pseudococcus maritimus ehrhorn, pseudococcus viburni (signoret), pseudococcus longispinus (targioni-tozzeti), pseudococcus calceolariae (maskell), planococcus ficus (signoret), planococcus citri (risso), and ferrisia gilli gullan. the developed multiplex pcr is based on the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit one gene. in tests, this single-step multiplex pcr correctly i ...201122217778
reclassification of bacillus beijingensis and bacillus ginsengi qiu et al., 2009 as bhargavaea beijingensis comb. nov. and bhargavaea ginsengi comb. nov. and emended description of the genus bhargavaea.we have carried out a polyphasic taxonomic characterization of validly published type strains of species, bacillus beijingensis dsm 19037t and bacillus ginsengi dsm 19038t that were phylogenetically closely related to bhargavaea cecembensis lmg 24411t. all the strains are gram-positive, non-motile, moderately halotolerant and non-spore forming. 16s rrna gene sequence analyses showed that these constituted a coherent cluster, with sequence similarities between 99.7 and 98.7 %. the percentage simi ...201122155760
effect of host plant tissue on the vector transmission of grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3.many biotic and abiotic factors affect the transmission efficiency of vector-borne plant pathogens. insect vector within-plant distribution and host tissue preference are known to affect pathogen acquisition and inoculation rates. in this study, we first investigated whether feeding tissue affects the transmission of grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3 by planococcus ficus (signoret) (hemiptera: pseudococcidae) and the effect of mealybug within-plant distribution on virus transmission under gr ...201122066175
Planococcus halocryophilus sp. nov.; an extreme subzero species from high Arctic permafrost.A novel aerobic, Gram-positive, motile coccoid bacterial strain, designated Or1(T), was isolated from permafrost active layer soil collected from the Canadian high Arctic. Strain Or1T was capable of growth in a broad range of temperature including subzero growth (< -10°C to 37°C) and high salinity (0% to 19% NaCl), growing optimally at 25 °C, 2% NaCl and between pH 7.0-8.0. Its taxonomic and phylogenetic position was determined using a polyphasic approach, designating the strain Or1(T) to the g ...201122003043
The draft genome of Planococcus donghaensis MPA1U2 reveals nonsporulation pathways controlled by a conserved Spo0A regulon.The Planococcaceae are extreme survivors, having been cultured from environments such as deep sea sediments, marine solar salterns, glaciers, permafrost, Antarctic deserts, and sea ice brine. The family contains both sporulating and nonsporulating genera. Here we present the unclosed, draft genome sequence of Planococcus donghaensis strain MPA1U2, a nonsporulating psychrotrophic bacterium isolated from surface coastal water of the Pacific Ocean.201121994932
proposal of chungangia koreensis gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from a marine sediment of the yellow sea in the republic of korea.a gram-positive, strictly aerobic, non-spore-forming, rod shaped bacterial strain, cau 9163(t), was isolated from marine sediment collected in the republic of korea and its taxonomic position was investigated using a polyphasic approach. the strain cau 9163(t) grew optimally at 30°c and ph 8.0. phylogenetic analysis based on 16s rrna gene sequences revealed that the strain formed a hitherto unknown lineage within the order bacillales containing the genera planomicrobium, planococcus, sporosarcin ...201121984680
complete genome sequence of "candidatus tremblaya princeps" strain pcval, an intriguing translational machine below the living-cell status.the sequence of the genome of "candidatus tremblaya princeps" strain pcval, the primary endosymbiont of the citrus mealybug planococcus citri, has been determined. "ca. tremblaya princeps" presents an unusual nested endosymbiosis and harbors a gammaproteobacterial symbiont within its cytoplasm in all analyzed mealybugs. the genome sequence reveals that "ca. tremblaya princeps" cannot be considered an independent organism but that the consortium with its gammaproteobacterial symbiotic associate r ...201121914892
an interdependent metabolic patchwork in the nested symbiosis of mealybugs.highly reduced genomes of 144-416 kilobases have been described from nutrient-provisioning bacterial symbionts of several insect lineages [1-5]. some host insects have formed stable associations with pairs of bacterial symbionts that live in specialized cells and provide them with essential nutrients; genomic data from these systems have revealed remarkable levels of metabolic complementarity between the symbiont pairs [3, 4, 6, 7]. the mealybug planococcus citri (hemiptera: pseudococcidae) cont ...201121835622
crystallization and preliminary x-ray analysis of a cold-active +¦-galactosidase from the psychrotrophic and halotolerant planococcus sp. l4.+¦-galactosidases catalyze the hydrolysis of a galactosyl moiety from the nonreducing termini of oligosaccharides or from glycosides. a novel gh family 42 cold-active +¦-galactosidase identified from the psychrotrophic and halotolerant planococcus sp. l4 (bgap) was crystallized and a complete data set was collected from a single frozen crystal on an in-house x-ray source. the crystal diffracted to 2.8ôçà+à resolution and belonged to space group p1, with unit-cell parameters a = 104.29, b = 118.1 ...201121821893
planococcus plakortidis sp. nov., isolated from marine sponge plakortis simplex (schulze) collected in the bay of bengal.summarya novel coccoid-shaped strain, as/asp6 (ii)(t) was isolated from a sample taken from plakortis simplex (schulze), a marine sponge, collected at a depth of 30 m from the bay of bengal. this strain was identified by using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. the results of 16s rrna gene sequence analysis, showed that strain as/asp6 (ii)(t) should be assigned to the genus planococcus. chemotaxonomical data (a4 -type peptidoglycan; mk-6, mk-7 and mk-8 menaquinones; mainly branched cellular fatty ...201121642486
temperature, age of mating and starvation determine the role of maternal effects on sex allocation in the mealybug planococcus citri.environmental effects on sex allocation are common, yet the evolutionary significance of these effects remains poorly understood. environmental effects might influence parents, such that their condition directly influences sex allocation by altering the relative benefits of producing sons versus daughters. alternatively, the environment might influence the offspring themselves, such that the conditions they find themselves in influence their contribution to parental fitness. in both cases, paren ...201121625649
endocrocin and its derivatives from the japanese mealybug planococcus kraunhiae.the japanese mealybug, planococcus kraunhiae, is suitable as a model insect for biosynthetic studies on mealybug pigments. four yellow pigments, including two novel ones, were isolated from the mealybug bodies and characterized as endocrocin, a dicarboxylic acid named fujikonaic acid (1), emodin 1-o-β-d-glucopyranoside and 7-hydroxyemodin 1-o-β-d-glucopyranoside (2). the enzymatic activity of emodin 1-o-glucosyltransferase was observed in the extracts of insect bodies.201121512234
[laser tweezers raman spectroscopy analysis of cold-adapted aromatic hydrocarbons-degradating strains isolated from antarctic sea].laser tweezers raman spectroscopy can help with observing and studying individual cells or organelles in a natural state for a relatively long period. in the present experiment, laser tweezers raman spectroscopy (ltrs) was used as a tool to report physiological metabolism such as cells growth and nucleic acid, proteins, lipid and glucose of a single active cold-adapted aromatic hydrocarbons-degradating strains isolated from antarctic sea. after the raman spectrum was collected and analyzed, the ...201121510394
pheromone-baited traps for assessment of seasonal activity and population densities of mealybug species (hemiptera: pseudococcidae) in nurseries producing ornamental plants.operational parameters of traps baited with the pheromones of three mealybug species were optimized in nurseries producing ornamental plants. all pheromone doses (1-320 microg) attracted pseudococcus longispinus (targioni tozzetti) and pseudococcus viburni (signoret) males, with the lowest dose (1 microg) attracting the fewest males for both species. doses of 3.2-100 microg were as attractive to male p. longispinus as the highest dose (320 microg); doses from 10 to 320 microg were equally attrac ...201121510204
assessment and characterization of heavy metal resistance in palk bay sediment bacteria.the present study aimed at characterizing the heavy metal resistance and assessing the resistance pattern to multiple heavy metals (300 mmol l?¹) by palk bay sediment bacteria. from 46 isolates, 24 isolates showed resistance to more than eight heavy metals. among the 24 isolates s8-06 (bacillus arsenicus), s8-10 (bacillus pumilus), s8-14 (b. arsenicus), s6-01 (bacillus indicus), s6-04 (bacillus clausii), ss-06 (planococcus maritimus) and ss-08 (staphylococcus pasteuri) exhibited high resistance ...201121377723
isolation, characterization, and use for plant growth promotion under salt stress, of acc deaminase-producing halotolerant bacteria derived from coastal soil.in total, 140 halotolerant bacterial strains were isolated from both the soil of barren fields and the rhizosphere of six naturally growing halophytic plants in the vicinity of the yellow sea, near the city of incheon in the republic of korea. all of these strains were characterized for multiple plant growth promoting traits, such as the production of indole acetic acid (iaa), nitrogen fixation, phosphorus (p) and zinc (zn) solubilization, thiosulfate (s2o3) oxidation, the production of ammonia ...201021124065
characterization of ttagg telomeric repeats, their interstitial occurrence and constitutively active telomerase in the mealybug planococcus lilacinus (homoptera; coccoidea).we confirmed the occurrence of the insect ttagg telomeric repeats in the mealybug planococcus lilacinus, a radiation-resistant coccid, by single primer polymerase chain reaction (pcr) and southern hybridization. analysis of bal31 nuclease-digested dna by southern hybridization and chromosomes by fish suggests that these repeats occur mainly at the ends of the chromosomes. however, sequence analysis of the pcr products of ttagg-associated sequences from genomic dna showed their interstitial occur ...201021088846
male behaviors reveal multiple pherotypes within vine mealybug planococcus ficus (signoret) (hemiptera; pseudococcidae) populations.the vine mealybug (vm) females collected in israel produce two sex pheromone compounds: lavandulyl senecioate (ls) and (s)-lavandulyl isovalerate (li). the males display ambiguous behavior to li: repulsion in the vineyard and attraction of laboratory-reared males. we addressed the question of individual male behavior, i.e., do males respond to both ls and li, or might they display a distinct response to each of the two pheromone compounds. we compared male pherotype frequencies between wild-caug ...201020981534
diversity and activity of cultivable aerobic planktonic bacteria of a saline lake located in sovata, romania.aerobic bacterial strains from the salt water of lake red (sovata, romania) were cultivated. more than half of the 80 strains were g(-) and formed motile straight rods. only a few strains produced acid from d-glucose and reduced nitrate to nitrite. optimum nacl concentration for growth varied between 5 and 15 % in the majority of the strains, so the isolates were regarded moderately halophilic. on the basis of the 16s rrna gene sequence similarity almost half of the strains were identified as me ...201020941581
description of chryseomicrobium imtechense gen. nov., sp. nov., a new member of the family planococcaceae.a gram-positive, rod shaped, yellow coloured, non-motile, non-spore forming, strictly aerobic bacterial strain, designated mw 10t, was isolated from bay of bengal, india and was subjected to a polyphasic taxonomic approach. the 16s rrna gene sequence revealed that strain mw 10t was showed highest similarity with bacillus psychrodurans (96.15%) and bacillus psychrotolerans (96.01%) and also showed less than 96% similarity with members of genus paenisporosarcina, planococcous, sporosarcina and pla ...201020833890
characterization of a bacterial community from a northeast siberian seacoast permafrost sample.a combination of culture-dependent and -independent techniques was used to characterize a bacterial community, examine cold adaptation of isocitrate lyase (icl) genes, and detect genes with important ecological functions in a permafrost sample from the bykovsky peninsula on the laptev sea coast of northeast siberia. according to the 16s rrna gene sequence, 47 of the cultured isolates were members of the phyla firmicutes, proteobacteria, and actinobacteria, with 85% of the isolates belonging to t ...201020695892
influence of planococcus ficus on aspergillus section nigri and ochratoxin a incidence in vineyards from argentina.the aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of planococcus ficus infection in red wine grapes on aspergillus section nigri and ochratoxin a (ota) contamination.201020672440
mealybug transmission of grapevine leafroll viruses: an analysis of virus-vector specificity.to understand ecological factors mediating the spread of insect-borne plant pathogens, vector species for these pathogens need to be identified. grapevine leafroll disease is caused by a complex of phylogenetically related closteroviruses, some of which are transmitted by insect vectors; however, the specificities of these complex virus-vector interactions are poorly understood thus far. through biological assays and phylogenetic analyses, we studied the role of vector-pathogen specificity in th ...201020626287
an analysis of histone modifications in relation to sex-specific chromatin organization in the mealybug maconellicoccus hirsutus.the male-specific heterochromatization of the paternal genome, observed in coccids, is an example of both genomic imprinting and differential regulation of homologous chromosomes. we observed a highly nuclease-resistant chromatin (nrc) organization of a part of the paternal genome in males of maconellicoccus hirsutus as reported earlier in planococcus lilacinus. the nuclease resistance of nrc is correlated with nuclear matrix association and is lost when nrc is dissociated from the matrix. we ca ...201020616523
pesticides' influence on wine fermentation.wine quality strongly depends on the grape quality. to obtain high-quality wines, it is necessary to process healthy grapes at the correct ripeness stage and for this reason the farmer has to be especially careful in the prevention of parasite attacks on the grapevine. the most common fungal diseases affecting grape quality are downy and powdery mildew (plasmopara viticola and uncinula necator), and gray mold (botrytis cinerea). on the other hand, the most dangerous insects are the grape moth (l ...201020610173
bioremediation of cr(vi) and immobilization as cr(iii) by ochrobactrum anthropi.bioremediation of cr(vi) through reduction relies on the notion that the produced cr(iii) may be precipitated or efficiently immobilized. however, recent reports suggest that soluble organo-cr(iii) complexes are present in various chromate-reducing bacterial systems. this work was designed to explore the factors that affect the immobilization of cr(iii) in the ochrobactrum anthropi system. x-ray absorption fine structure analysis on the cell debris clearly verified that coordination of cr(iii) o ...201020608725
temporal bacterial diversity and detection of putative methanotrophs in surface mats of lonar crater lake.the phylogenetic diversity of bacterial communities in microbial mats of two different seasons from saline and hyperalkaline lonar lake was investigated using 16s rrna gene library analysis. arthrospira (cyanobacteria) related clones (>80% of total clones) dominated libraries of both the seasons. clear differences were found in both the seasons as the operational taxonomic units (otus) related to fusibacter (lai-1 and lai-59) and tindallia magadiensis (lai-27) found in post-monsoon were not foun ...201020586073
citrus mealybug (hemiptera: pseudococcidae) movement and population dynamics in an arbor-trained vineyard.the citrus mealybug, planococcus citri (risso) (hemiptera: pseudococcidae), is the main grapevine pest in vineyards in some countries, such as spain and brazil. in galician vineyards (northwestern spain), mealybug population levels are low because the accumulated degree-days are lower than in other grapevine-growing areas. the main problem caused by mealybugs is the transmission of viruses, even at low infestation levels. the active period of citrus mealybug in the study vineyard lasted from jul ...201020568606
biological control of citrus mealybug, planococcus citri (risso) using coccinellid predator, cryptolaemus montrouzieri muls.the coccinellid predator, cryptolaemus montrouzieri mulsant (coleoptera: coccinellidae) was used to control the citrus mealybug, planococcus citri (risso) (homoptera: pseudococcidae) on the croton ornamental shrubs, codiaeum variegatum l. at giza governorate, egypt. cryptolaemus montrouzieri mulsant, 50 adults/croton shrub, were released once on october 27, 2008 in the open field. obtained results indicated that percentages of reduction among the egg masses, nymphs and adults of p. citri, one mo ...201020464943
ultralow oxygen treatment for control of planococcus ficus (hemiptera: pseudococcidae) on grape benchgrafts.controlled atmosphere treatments with ultralow oxygen (ulo treatments) were developed successfully for control of vine mealybug, planococcusflcus signoret (hemiptera: pseudococcidae), on dormant grape (vitis spp.) benchgrafts. at 30 ppm oxygen, 3-d ulo treatment at 25 degrees c and 4-d ulo treatment at 150c achieved complete control of all life stages of p. ficus. at a much lower oxygen level (<1 ppm), the two ulo treatments with the same exposure periods of 3 d at 25 degrees c and 4 d at 15 deg ...201020429438
molecular identification of mealybugs (hemiptera: pseudococcidae) found on korean pears.mealybugs are under a strict regulation at foreign trades of agricultural products because they are one of the most economically damaging groups of insects on food crops and ornamental plants. however, the absence of morphological characteristics enabling the discrimination of early life stages often cause a significant delay or rejection of a shipment when infested fruit is discovered, causing significant economic loss. a polymerase chain reaction-based method for species identification was dev ...201020214364
[diversity of culturable bacteria associated with the sea urchin hemicentrotus pulcherrimus from naozhou island].to investigate the diversity of culturable bacteria isolated from the sea urchin hemicentrotus pulcherrimus collected from a tidal flat of naozhou island (20 degrees 52'n - 20 degrees 56'n 110 degrees 33'e - 110 degrees 38'e), leizhou bay, south china sea, china.200920112668
effect of silicon-based fertilizer applications on the reproduction and development of the citrus mealybug (hemiptera: pseudococcidae) feeding on green coleus.mealybugs are major insect pests of greenhouses, interiorscapes, and conservatories because they feed on a wide-range of horticultural crops. furthermore, mealybugs are difficult to regulate with insecticides due to the presence of a nearly impervious protective waxy covering, which means that alternative management strategies are required. as such, this study, involving two replicated experiments, was designed to determine the value of applying silicon-based fertilizers, as potassium silicate, ...200920069849
a survey of scale insects (sternorryncha: coccoidea) occurring on table grapes in south africa.increasing international trade and tourism have led to an increase in the introduction of exotic pests that pose a considerable economic threat to the agro-ecosystems of importing countries. scale insects (sternorryncha: coccoidea) may be contaminants of export consignments from the south african deciduous fruit industry to the european union, israel, united kingdom and the united states, for example. infestations of immature scale insects found on south african fruit destined for export have re ...200920050816
effects of irradiation on planococcus minor (hemiptera: pseudococcidae).irradiation has been recognized and endorsed as a potential phytosanitary measure that could be an alternative to current quarantine treatments. dosages of 50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 gy were used to irradiate three different life stages (eggs, immatures, and adults) of planococcus minor (maskell) (hemiptera: pseudococcidae), focusing on females due to its parthenogenesis ability, with an aim to find the most tolerant stage and the most optimal dose to control p. minor. cobalt 60 was the source o ...200919886441
effect of commercially available plant-derived essential oil products on arthropod pests.plant-derived essential oil products, in general, are considered minimum-risk pesticides and are exempt from environmental protection agency registration under section 25(b) of the federal insecticide fungicide and rodenticide act. however, many of the plant-derived essential products available to consumers (homeowners) have not been judiciously evaluated for both efficacy and plant safety. in fact, numerous plant-derived essential oil products labeled for control of arthropod pests have not bee ...200919736770
antarctic bacteria inhibit growth of food-borne microorganisms at low temperatures.the aim of this study was to identify antarctic microorganisms with the ability to produce cold-active antimicrobial compounds with potential for use in chilled food preservation. colonies (4496) were isolated from 12 antarctic soil samples and tested against listeria innocua, pseudomonas fragi and brochothrix thermosphacta. thirteen bacteria were confirmed as being growth-inhibitor producers (detection rate 0.29%). when tested against a wider spectrum of eight target organisms, some of the isol ...200419712399
planococcus salinarum sp. nov., isolated from a marine solar saltern, and emended description of the genus planococcus.a gram-positive, non-motile and coccoid-, short rod- or rod-shaped bacterial strain, isl-16(t), was isolated from a marine solar saltern in korea and its taxonomic position was investigated using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. strain isl-16(t) grew optimally at ph 7.0-8.0, at 30 degrees c and in the presence of 2 % (w/v) nacl. phylogenetic analysis based on 16s rrna gene sequences showed that strain isl-16(t) joined the cluster comprising species of the genus planococcus. its 16s rrna gene seq ...201019656937
the amount of heterochromatic proteins in the egg is correlated with sex determination in planococcus citri (homoptera, coccoidea).in the mealybug planococcus citri, there are no identifiable sex chromosomes. early in the development of embryos destined to become males, the genome contributed by the sperm undergoes heterochromatization and, following an inverted type of meiosis, will be eliminated. only two vital sperms are therefore produced, both carrying the same maternally derived genome. a differential distribution observed on the two spermatids during male germline cyst formation of chromatin remodeling factors such a ...200919636581
planomicrobium flavidum sp. nov., isolated from a marine solar saltern, and transfer of planococcus stackebrandtii mayilraj et al. 2005 to the genus planomicrobium as planomicrobium stackebrandtii comb. nov.a gram-positive to gram-variable, motile and coccoid- or short rod-shaped bacterial strain, isl-41(t), was subjected to a polyphasic study to investigate its exact taxonomic position. strain isl-41(t) grew optimally at ph 7.0-8.0 and 30 degrees c. it contained mk-8 and mk-7 as the predominant menaquinones and anteiso-c(15 : 0), iso-c(16 : 0), anteiso-c(17 : 0) and c(16 : 1)omega7c alcohol as the major fatty acids. the dna g+c content was 45.9 mol%. a phylogenetic analysis based on 16s rrna gene ...200919628589
bhargavaea cecembensis gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from the chagos-laccadive ridge system in the indian ocean.a novel gram-positive, rod-shaped, non-motile, non-spore-forming bacterium, strain dse10(t), was isolated from a deep-sea sediment sample collected at a depth of 5904 m from the chagos-laccadive ridge system in the indian ocean. cells of strain dse10(t) were positive for catalase, oxidase, urease and lipase activities and contained iso-c(14 : 0), iso-c(15 : 0), iso-c(16 : 0) and anteiso-c(15 : 0) as the major fatty acids. the major respiratory quinones were mk-6 and mk-8 and the major lipids wer ...200919625444
epigenetic marks for chromosome imprinting during spermatogenesis in coccids.the establishment of sex-specific epigenetic marks during gametogenesis is one of the key feature of genomic imprinting. by immunocytological analysis, we thoroughly characterized the chromatin remodeling events that take place during gametogenesis in the mealybug planococcus citri, in which an entire haploid set of (imprinted) chromosomes undergoes facultative heterochromatinization in male embryos. building on our previous work, we have investigated the interplay of several epigenetic marks in ...200919458957
[phylogenetic diversity of cultivable bacteria associated with a sea anemone from coast of the naozhou island in zhanjiang, china].to understand the diversity of cultivable bacteria isolated from a sea anemone collected from the coastal water of the naozbou island in the leizhou bay on south china sea.200919445182
[bacterial communities in the phase ii of agaricus bisporus compost by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis].we studied the bacterial community during agaricus bisporus composting phase ii, to develop a quick and accurate method by modern molecular ecology technique for dynamic inspection on bacterial community during a. bisporus composting.200919445179
polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method to distinguish three mealybug groups within the planococcus citri-p. minor species complex (hemiptera: coccoidea: pseudococcidae).the mealybug species planococcus citri (risso) and planococcus minor (maskell) (hemiptera: coccoidea: pseudococcidae) have special significance to u.s. quarantine and u.s. agriculture. commonly intercepted at u.s. ports-of-entry, they are difficult to identify based on morphological characters. this study presents a molecular method for distinguishing p. citri, p. minor, and a genetically distinct group that is morphologically identical to p. citri, from hawaii. this method uses polymerase chain ...200919253611
novel natural parabens produced by a microbulbifer bacterium in its calcareous sponge host leuconia nivea.a broad variety of natural parabens, including four novel structures and known ethyl and butyl parabens, were obtained from culture of a microbulbifer sp. bacterial strain isolated from the temperate calcareous marine sponge leuconia nivea (grant 1826). their structures were elucidated from spectral analysis, including mass spectrometry and 1d and 2d nuclear magnetic resonance. their antimicrobial activity evaluated against staphylococcus aureus was characterized by much higher in vitro activity ...200919226298
methyl glucosyl-3,4-dehydro-apo-8'-lycopenoate, a novel antioxidative glyco-c(30)-carotenoic acid produced by a marine bacterium planococcus maritimus.planococcus maritimus strain iso-3 was isolated from an intertidal sediment sample from the clyde estuary in the uk. a novel red pigment glyco-carotenoic acid ester, methyl glucosyl-3,4-dehydro-apo-8'-lycopenoate has been isolated from this marine bacterium using chromatographic methods. the structure of methyl glucosyl-3,4-dehydro-apo-8'-lycopenoate was determined to be methyl 1-(beta-d-glucopyranosyloxy)-3,4-didehydro-1,2-dihydro-8'-apo-psi-caroten-8'-oate by the degradation experiment and the ...200819194031
biological control of grey mould in strawberry fruits by halophilic bacteria.grey mould caused by botrytis cinerea is an economically important disease of strawberries in tunisia and worldwide. the aim of this study was to select effective halophilic bacteria from hypersaline ecosystems and evaluate the abilities of antifungal bacteria to secrete extracellular hydrolytic enzymes, anti-botrytis metabolites and volatiles.200919191973
inhibition of map kinases and down regulation of tnf-alpha, il-beta and cox-2 genes by the crude extracts from marine bacteria.crude ethyl acetate extracts from marine bacterial isolates staphylococcus arlettae kp2 (genbank accession no. eu594442) and planococcus maritimus kp8 (genbank accession no. eu594443) isolated from andaman seas were studied for their anti-inflammatory effect by lymphocyte proliferation assay (lpa) employing peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmcs). the crude extracts from both the bacteria down regulated the synthesis of inflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (tnf-alpha), i ...200918996678
transmission of grapevine leafroll-associated virus 3 by the vine mealybug (planococcus ficus).grapevine leafroll disease is caused by grapevine leafroll-associated viruses (glravs). within this virus complex, glrav-3 is the predominant species in the world. several glravs have been shown to be transmitted from vine to vine by mealybugs although a detailed characterization of transmission biology is lacking. the introduction of the vine mealybug (planococcus ficus) in california and other regions of the world may result in increasing disease incidence of established glravs. we studied the ...200818943455
[toxicity screening and identification of bacteria isolated from snails nassarius semiplicatus and their habitat].tetrodotoxin and its analogues (ttxs) were responsible for the poisoning incidents associated with snail nassarius spp. we studied bacteria isolated from toxic snails as well as their habitat to probe into the relationship between bacteria and toxicity of nassariid gastropod.200818837369
phylogenetic and metabolic bacterial diversity of phragmites australis periphyton communities in two hungarian soda ponds.bacterial diversity of reed (phragmites australis) periphyton communities of kelemen-szék and nagy-vadas (two hungarian soda ponds) was investigated using molecular cloning and cultivation-based techniques. the majority of the 80 kelemen-szék and 72 nagy-vadas bacterial isolates proved to be moderately halophilic and alkaliphilic. a great proportion of the isolates showed phosphatase and urease activity, utilized aesculin, citrate and certain biopolymers (e.g., gelatine and tween 80). partial 16 ...200818679563
infection dynamics of coexisting beta- and gammaproteobacteria in the nested endosymbiotic system of mealybugs.we investigated the infection dynamics of endosymbiotic bacteria in the developmental course of the mealybugs planococcus kraunhiae and pseudococcus comstocki. molecular phylogenetic analyses identified a betaproteobacterium and a gammaproteobacterium from each of the mealybug species. the former bacterium was related to the beta-endosymbionts of other mealybugs, i.e., "candidatus tremblaya princeps," and formed a compact clade in the betaproteobacteria. meanwhile, the latter bacterium was relat ...200818469124
effects of temperature and molecular oxygen on the use of atmospheric pressure plasma as a novel method for insect control.helium atmospheric pressure plasma discharge (appd) was previously shown to have insecticidal activity with a possible site of action on the insect nervous, neuromuscular system, or both. in the current study, methods to increase the insecticidal activity of plasma by using increased appd temperature and the introduction of molecular oxygen were investigated for the first time. an increase in the helium plasma temperature from 37 to 50 degrees c increased the insecticidal activity of plasma for ...200818459392
crustin expression following bacterial injection and temperature change in the shore crab, carcinus maenas.the expression of carcinin, a crustin-type antimicrobial protein, in the crab, carcinus maenas, was studied following in vivo challenge with planococcus citreus, a gram-positive bacterium known to be killed by the encoded protein. real-time pcr analyses reveal that injection of p. citreus failed to elicit any significant changes in expression at 0-24h post-injection although there was a small, but significant, down-regulation at 84h in crabs held at 15 degrees c but not those at 5 or 20 degrees ...200818343497
comparison of mealybug (planococcus lilacinus) and fruit fly genomes: isolation and analysis of conserved sequences and their utility in studying synteny in the mealybug.by using ligation-mediated pcr products from mealybug dna as tester and biotinylated fly dna as driver, we recovered a fraction of the tester that remains hybridized to driver following high-stringency washing conditions. this fraction is expected to contain mealybug sequences conserved in the fly (mcf). reciprocal experiments enabled the isolation of fly sequences conserved in the mealybug (fcm). coding sequences among mcf show amino acid identities >40% with fly proteins, allowing a reliable i ...200818253039
diversity of reed (phragmites australis) stem biofilm bacterial communities in two hungarian soda lakes.from reed biofilm samples of kelemen-szék (kiskunság national park, knp) and nagy-vadas (hortobágy national park, hnp) altogether 260 bacterial isolates were gained after serial dilutions and plating onto different media. following a primary selection 164 strains were investigated by "traditional" phenotypic tests and clustered by numerical analysis. fifty-six representative strains were selected to ardra and 16s rdna sequence analysis for identification. strains were identified as members of ge ...200718088008
a multiplex pcr assay for the simultaneous identification of three mealybug species (hemiptera: pseudococcidae).molecular species identification is becoming more wide-spread in diagnostics and ecological studies, particularly with regard to insects for which morphological identification is difficult or time-consuming. in this study, we describe the development and application of a single-step multiplex pcr for the identification of three mealybug species (hemiptera: pseudococcidae) associated with grapevine in south africa: planococcus ficus (vine mealybug), planococcus citri (citrus mealybug) and pseudoc ...200818076775
planococcus donghaensis sp. nov., a starch-degrading bacterium isolated from the east sea, south korea.a novel gram-positive, aerobic bacterium, strain jh1t, was isolated from deep-sea sediment of the east sea, south korea, and identified by methods of polyphasic taxonomy. the strain was oxidase-positive, motile and coccus-shaped. the genomic dna g+c content of strain jh1t was 47 mol%. the major fatty acid of strain jh1t was anteiso-c15:0 and the predominant menaquinones were mk-7 and mk-8. similarity of the 16s rrna gene sequence (1452 nt) of strain jh1t to those of species of the genera planoco ...200717978233
oil-utilizing bacteria associated with fish from the arabian gulf.the objectives were to count and identify the oil-utilizing bacteria associated with fish, and to study their hydrocarbon-degradation potential.200717953689
[occurrence of planococcus minor maskell (hemiptera: pseudococcidae) in cotton fields of northeast region of brazil].the mealybug planococcus minor maskell is a significant pest of more than 250 cultivated plants belonging to at least 80 families. among the host plants several malvaceae species are attacked, including the genera gossypium. in 2005 and 2006 the mealybug p. minor was observed infesting cotton fields in the arid area of northeast region of brazil. the occurrence was registered in high densities and in several farms resulting in mortality of plants in some cases. this species is not cited as a cot ...200717934633
evaluation of biosurfactant/bioemulsifier production by a marine bacterium.planococcus maitriensis anita i (ncbi genbank accession number ef467308) was tested for its biosurfactant/bioemulsifying efficacy. the crude extracellular polymeric substance (eps) produced by this bacterium contained carbohydrate (12.06%), protein (24.44%), uronic acid (11%) and sulfate (3.03%). the oil spreading potential of this eps was comparable to triton x100 and tween 80. this exopolymer emulsified xylene more efficiently as compared to few standard gums. it also formed stable emulsions ( ...200717924042
identification and synthesis of the sex pheromone of the passionvine mealybug, planococcus minor (maskell).the sex pheromone of the mealybug, planococcus minor was isolated by fractionation of crude pheromone extract obtained by aeration of virgin females. the pheromone was identified as the irregular terpenoid, 2-isopropyl-5-methyl-2,4-hexadienyl acetate, by mass spectrometry, microchemical tests, and (1)h nmr spectroscopy. the stereochemistry of the pheromone was assigned as (e) by comparison with synthetic standards of known geometry. the compound was highly attractive to males in laboratory bioas ...200717885792
cultivable bacterial diversity of alkaline lonar lake, india.aerobic, alkaliphilic bacteria were isolated and characterized from water and sediment samples collected in the winter season, january 2002 from alkaline lonar lake, india, having ph 10.5. the total number of microorganisms in the sediment and water samples was found to be 10(2)-10(6) cfu g(-1) and 10(2)-10(4) cfu ml(-1), respectively. one hundred and ninety-six strains were isolated using different enrichment media. to study the bacterial diversity of lonar lake and to select the bacterial stra ...200817604989
planococcus columbae sp. nov., isolated from pigeon faeces.an orange-pigmented, gram-positive bacterial strain, designated pgex11(t), was isolated from pigeon faeces. analysis of the 16s rrna gene sequence of the isolate indicated that it had 94.2-98.2 % sequence identity with respect to those of seven recognized species of the genus planococcus. the strain pgex11(t) contained anteiso-c(15 : 0) as a major cellular fatty acid and mk-7 and mk-8 as the major menaquinones. the dna g+c content of strain pgex11(t) was 50.5 mol%. furthermore, analysis of the 1 ...200717551041
diversity and enzyme properties of protease-producing bacteria isolated from sub-antarctic sediments of isla de los estados, argentina.protease-producing bacteria isolated from sub-antarctic marine sediments of isla de los estados (argentina) were characterized, and the thermal inactivation kinetics of their extracellular proteases compared. isolates were affiliated with the genera pseudoalteromonas, shewanella, colwellia, planococcus, and a strain to the family flavobacteriaceae. colwellia strains were moderate psychrophiles (optimal growth at about 15 degrees c, maximum growth temperature at around 25 degrees c). 16s rrna phy ...200717487446
activity of an essential oil derived from chenopodium ambrosioides on greenhouse insect pests.this study involved both greenhouse and laboratory experiments evaluating the effect of an essential oil product (qrd 400) derived from chenopodium ambrosioides variety nr. ambrosioides l. (chenopodiaceae) on greenhouse insect pests that feed on different plant parts: citrus mealybug, planococcus citri (risso); longtailed mealybug, pseudococcus longispinus (targioni tozzetti); western flower thrips, frankliniella occidentalis (pergande), and fungus gnats (bradysia spp.). treatments were applied ...200717461071
epigenetic regulation of facultative heterochromatinisation in planococcus citri via the me(3)k9h3-hp1-me(3)k20h4 pathway.using rna interference (rnai) we have conducted a functional analysis of the hp1-like chromobox gene pchet2 during embryogenesis of the mealybug planococcus citri. knocking down pchet2 expression results in decondensation of the male-specific chromocenter that normally arises from the developmentally-regulated facultative heterochromatinisation of the paternal chromosome complement. together with the disappearance of the chromocenter the staining levels of two associated histone modifications, t ...200717327272
molecular cloning and characterization of the gene encoding cold-active beta-galactosidase from a psychrotrophic and halotolerant planococcus sp. l4.the gene bgap encoding cold-active beta-galactosidase from a psychrotrophic and halotolerant planococcus sp. l4 was cloned into escherichia coli and sequenced. a sequence analysis of the dna responsible for the bgap gene revealed an open reading frame of 2031 bp encoding for a protein of 677 amino acid residues. the bgap was heterologously expressed in e. coli and purified followed by ni2+ affinity chromatography. the molecular mass of the native enzyme was approximately 156 kda as determined by ...200717326654
hp2-like protein: a new piece of the facultative heterochromatin puzzle.in drosophila melanogaster, the two chromosomal proteins hp1 and hp2 colocalize on heterochromatic and euchromatic sites in polytene chromosomes. mutations in the hp2 gene act as dominant suppressors of position effect variegation, demonstrating a role for hp2 in the formation or maintenance of heterochromatin. in this paper, we investigated whether a putative homolog of the d. melanogaster hp2 is involved in the facultative heterochromatinization process in mealybugs. using an antibody raised a ...200717297601
facultative alkalophilic bacteria from mangrove soil with varying buffering capacity and h+ conductance.facultative alkalophilic bacteria planococcus sp. (emga-26), bacillus sp. (emga-29) and corynebacterium spp. (emga-33 and 130) were isolated from mangrove soil samples. neutrophiles were predominant than alkalophiles. buffering capacity and membrane h+ conductance were investigated for the strains grown in ppyg medium at ph 10.5 using acid pulse technique. bacillus sp. showed higher buffering capacity than planococcus sp. and corynebacterium spp. buffering capacity was two-fold higher in coryneb ...200617285803
characterization of unusual alkaliphilic gram-positive bacteria isolated from degraded brown alga thalluses.two orange-pigmented gram-positive, aerobic bacteria were isolated from enrichment culture during degradation of brown alga fucus evanescens thalluses. in this work, atomic force microscopy (afm) has been used to study the cell morphology. the non-contact mode imaging revealed unusual irregular coccoid shape of cells, possessing a single flagellum. bacteria produced carotenoid pigments, were chemo-organotrophic, alkaliphilic and halo-tolerant growing well on nutrient media containing up to 15% n ...200617100323
effect of insecticides on mealybug destroyer (coleoptera: coccinellidae) and parasitoid leptomastix dactylopii (hymenoptera: encyrtidae), natural enemies of citrus mealybug (homoptera: pseudococcidae).in this study, we measured, under laboratory conditions, the direct and indirect effects of insecticides on mealybug destroyer, cryptolaemus montrouzieri mulsant (coleoptera: coccinellidae), and parasitoid leptomastix dactylopii howard (hymenoptera: encyrtidae), natural enemies of citrus mealybug, planococcus citri (risso) (homoptera: pseudococcidae). the adult stages of both natural enemies were exposed to sprays of the insecticides buprofezin, pyriproxyfen, flonicamid, acetamiprid, dinotefuran ...200617066788
pheromone-based mating disruption of planococcus ficus (hemiptera: pseudococcidae) in california vineyards.experiments were conducted to test a mating disruption program for the mealybug planococcus ficus (signoret) (hemiptera: pseudococcidae) in california vineyards. the sprayable, microencapsulated formulation of the racemic sex pheromone lavandulyl senecioate was applied with an air-blast sprayer, using three and four applications in 2003 and 2004, respectively. mating disruption was combined with an application of buprofezin (2004) in june. compared with a no-pheromone control, there were signifi ...200616937683
[bacterial communities of brown and red algae from peter the great bay, the sea of japan].the structure of microbial communities of brown algae, red algae, and of the red alga gracilaria verrucosa, healthy and affected with rotten thallus, were comparatively investigated; 61 strains of heterotrophic bacteria were isolated and characterized. most of them were identified to the genus level, some vibrio spp., to the species level according to their phenotypic properties and the fatty acid composition of cellular lipids. the composition of the microflora of two species of brown algae was ...200616871810
biodegradation of benzene and its derivatives by a psychrotolerant and moderately haloalkaliphilic planococcus sp. strain zd22.the potential for biodegradation of aromatic hydrocarbons simultaneously at low temperatures and under saline and alkaline conditions is not well understood, but such biodegradation would be useful for remediation of polluted sites. a psychrotolerant, moderately haloalkaliphilic pure culture using benzene as a sole source of carbon and energy was isolated by selective enrichment from alkaline and saline soils in the vicinity of the daqing oil field in china. an analysis of the 16s rdna gene sequ ...200616815683
enumerative and binomial sampling plans for citrus mealybug (homoptera: pseudococcidae) in citrus groves.the spatial distribution of the citrus mealybug, planococcus citri (risso) (homoptera: pseudococcidae), was studied in citrus groves in northeastern spain. constant precision sampling plans were designed for all developmental stages of citrus mealybug under the fruit calyx, for late stages on fruit, and for females on trunks and main branches; more than 66, 286, and 101 data sets, respectively, were collected from nine commercial fields during 1992-1998. dispersion parameters were determined usi ...200616813342
atp level variations in heterotrophic bacteria during attachment on hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces.a survey of the extracellular atp levels of 86 heterotrophic bacteria showed that gram-negative bacteria of the genera sulfitobacter, staleya, and marinobacter secreted elevated amounts of extracellular atp, ranging from 6.0 to 9.8 pm atp/colony forming unit (cfu), and that gram-positive bacteria of the genera kocuria and planococcus secreted up to 4.1 pm atp/cfu. variations in the levels of extracellular and intracellular atp-dependent luminescence were monitored in living cells of sulfitobacte ...200616636988
identification of sulfoquinovosyl diacylglycerol as a major polar lipid in marinococcus halophilus and salinicoccus hispanicus and substitution with phosphatidylglycerol.the sulfonolipid sulfoquinovosyl diacylglycerol normally associated with photosynthetic membranes was identified as a major lipid in marinococcus halophilus, salinicoccus hispanicus ("marinococcus hispanicus"), and marinococcus sp. h8 (planococcus sp. h8). phosphatidylglycerol and 0%-10% cardiolipin accounted for the remaining polar lipids in these moderately halophilic, gram-positive bacteria. negative-ion fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry was used to quantify these three polar lipids fro ...200616604117
mode of action of a novel nonchemical method of insect control: atmospheric pressure plasma discharge.atmospheric pressure plasma discharge (appd) has been applied to a number of industrial applications, including the bacterial sterilization of medical equipment of bacteria. appd may also have applications in insect control. a positive correlation was found between exposure time to appd and mortality of western flower thrips, frankliniella occidentalis (pergande); tobacco thrips, frankliniella fusca (hinds); asian tiger mosquito, aedes albopictus (skuse); twospotted spider mite, tetranychus urti ...200616573321
effects of monovalent and divalent salts on the phospholipid and fatty acid compositions of a halotolerant planococcus sp.[this corrects the article on p. 581 in vol. 52.].198616347252
[characterization of communities of heterotrophic bacteria associated with healthy and diseased corals in nha trang bay (vietnam)].a comparative investigation of the heterotrophic microflora of 11 species of healthy corals and of white-band-diseased and yellow-band-diseased corals inhabiting the reefs of nha trang bay (vietnam), which has been exposed to anthropogenic impact, was performed. fifty-nine strains of heterotrophic bacteria isolated on y/k and endo media were investigated and characterized. all the isolates were identified at the genus level by consideration of the results of analysis of their phenotypic properti ...200516315986
isolation and analysis of sequences showing sex-specific cytosine methylation in the mealybug planococcus lilacinus.genomic libraries of planococcus lilacinus, a mealybug in which paternal chromosomes are facultatively heterochromatic and inactive in sons but not in daughters, were probed with subtraction probes in order to estimate the number of sequences displaying sex-specific cytosine methylation in cpg dinucleotides. sequences showing male-specific methylation were found to occur approximately 2.5 times more often than those showing female-specific methylation. in order to directly isolate sequences show ...200516283386
hot-water treatments for control of planococcus ficus (homoptera: pseudococcidae) on dormant grape cuttings.hot-water immersions were tested for control of mealybug planococcus ficus (signoret), on dormant grape cuttings used for nursery stock. a range of hot-water temperatures (47-58 degrees c) were evaluated at immersion periods of 2, 5, 10, or 20 min, by using a total of 353,720 mealybugs across all treatments. a 5-min immersion at 51 degrees c is effective in killing > 99% of p. ficus. at or above this immersion period and temperature, there was no difference in mealybug stage mortality. we evalua ...200516156560
characterisation of banana streak mysore virus and evidence that its dna is integrated in the b genome of cultivated musa.we have sequenced the complete genome of an isolate of banana streak virus from banana cv. 'mysore' and show that it is sufficiently different from a previously characterised isolate from cv. 'obino l'ewai' to warrant recognition as a distinct species, for which the name banana streak mysore virus (bsmysv) is proposed. the structure of the bsmysv genome was typical of badnaviruses in general, although orf i had a non-conventional start codon. evidence that at least part of the bsmysv genome is i ...200515785970
planomicrobium chinense sp. nov., isolated from coastal sediment, and transfer of planococcus psychrophilus and planococcus alkanoclasticus to planomicrobium as planomicrobium psychrophilum comb. nov. and planomicrobium alkanoclasticum comb. nov.an aerobic, motile, gram-positive strain, dx3-12(t), was isolated from coastal sediment of the eastern china sea in fujian province, china, and was identified by means of polyphasic taxonomy. on the basis of 16s rrna gene sequence similarity, strain dx3-12(t) was closely related to members of the genera planomicrobium and planococcus. 16s rrna gene sequence similarities between strain dx3-12(t) and planomicrobium mcmeekinii, planomicrobium koreense, planomicrobium okeanokoites, planococcus psych ...200515774646
planococcus stackebrandtii sp. nov., isolated from a cold desert of the himalayas, india.the taxonomic position of a bacterium isolated from a cold desert of the himalayas, india, was analysed by using a polyphasic approach. the isolated strain, designated k22-03t, had phenotypic characteristics that matched those of the genus planococcus and it represents a novel species. the almost-complete 16s rrna gene sequence (1464 bases) of the novel strain was compared with those of previously studied planococcus type strains and confirmed that the strain belongs to the genus planococcus. 16 ...200515653859
germline cyst development and imprinting in male mealybug planococcus citri.in the epigenetic modifications involved in the phenomenon of imprinting, which is thought to take place during gametogenesis, one of the primary roles is exerted by histone tail modifications acting on chromatin structure. what is more, in insects like mealybugs, with a lecanoid chromosome system, imprinting is strictly related to sex determination. in many diverse species gametes originate in specific, highly evolutionarily conserved structures called germline cysts. the use of staining techni ...200415503092
effects of insect growth regulators on citrus mealybug parasitoid leptomastix dactylopii (hymenoptera: encyrtidae).in this study, we measured the effects of three commonly used insecticides classified as insect growth regulators, on the encyrtid parasitoid leptomastix dactylopii (howard) when parasitizing citrus mealybug, planococcus citri (risso). kinoprene, pyriproxyfen, and azadirachtin were evaluated in both petri dish and a cage experiment at label-recommended rates to measure their effects on the mortality, parasitization rate, and sex ratio of l. dactylopii. insecticides were applied to petri dishes a ...200415384332
apolipoproteins a-i and a-ii are potentially important effectors of innate immunity in the teleost fish cyprinus carpio.we have previously shown that high density lipoprotein is the most abundant protein in the carp plasma and displays bactericidal activity in vitro. therefore the aim of this study was to analyze the contribution of its principal apolipoproteins, apoa-i and apoa-ii, in defense. both apolipoproteins were isolated by a two step procedure involving affinity and gel filtration chromatography and were shown to display bactericidal and/or bacteriostatic activity in the micromolar range against gram-pos ...200415233794
sex pheromone of the citrus mealybug planococcus citri: synthesis and optimization of trap parameters.a simple synthesis of the pheromone of the citrus mealybug, planococcus citri (risso) (hemiptera: pseudococcidae), has been developed. various factors affecting capture of males have been assessed to optimize the trap design and to develop a lure with high efficacy and longevity. male capture was the same with the racemic and chiral pheromone; technical pheromone (85% purity) was statistically as attractive as pure pheromone (97%). a special formulation was used to determine the actual release r ...200415154456
liposome adjuvants prepared from the total polar lipids of haloferax volcanii, planococcus spp. and bacillus firmus differ in ability to elicit and sustain immune responses.immune stimulating activity was compared for lipid vesicles consisting of the total polar lipids of an archaeon haloferax volcanii, and the eubacteria planococcus spp. and bacillus firmus. each total polar lipid extract readily formed liposomes of similar size, within which the protein antigen ovalbumin was entrapped, with comparable loading and internalization. subcutaneous immunization of mice resulted in anti-ovalbumin antibody titers for all adjuvants, with memory recall responses that were ...200415149772
two novel muramidases from skin mucosa of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss).two novel antibacterial muramidases were purified to homogeneity from skin exudates of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). unusually, one has an acidic isoelectric point and it is the first anionic muramidase to be reported for fish. its molecular mass is 14,268 da, as determined by mass spectrometry. the other muramidase is cationic with a mass of 14,252 da. partial n-terminal amino acid sequencing and peptide mapping strongly point to it being a c-type lysozyme, the first to be purified and c ...200415142536
synthesis of the female sex pheromone of the citrus mealybug, planococcus citri.the citrus mealybug, planococcus citri (risso) is a common pest in the southern u. s. and the mediterranean. two alternative syntheses of the female sex pheromone, (1r)-(+)-cis-2,2-dimethyl-3-isopropenyl-cyclobutane methanol acetate, have been developed. key transformations include an allylic oxidation of (1r)-(+)-alpha-pinene to (+)-r-verbenone, oxidative decarboxylation using rucl(3)-naio(4), and methylenation with zn/ch(2)br(2)/ticl(4).200415137832
isolation and characterisation of new planococcus sp. strain able for aromatic hydrocarbons degradation.new planococcus sp. strain s5 able to grow on salicylate or benzoate as sole carbon source was isolated from activated sludge adapted to sodium salicylate degradation. s5 was determined to be a strictly aerobic, gram-positive, catalase positive, oxidase negative, non-motile, non-spore forming coccus. the strain harboured a plasmid, named pls5. the s5 strain when grown on salicylate expressed both catechol 1,2-dioxygenase and catechol 2,3-dioxygenase activities and degraded this substrate by both ...200315095927
dna methylation in insects.cytosine dna methylation has been demonstrated in numerous eukaryotic organisms and has been shown to play an important role in human disease. the function of dna methylation has been studied extensively in vertebrates, but establishing its primary role has proved difficult and controversial. analysing methylation in insects has indicated an apparent functional diversity that seems to argue against a strict functional conservation. to investigate this hypothesis, we here assess the data reported ...200415056357
identification of a sex pheromone component of pseudococcus cryptus.a sex pheromone component of pseudococcus cryptus has been isolated and identified. the crude pheromone extract obtained by airborne collection was fractionated by liquid chromatography (lc) on florisil, and further purified by high performance liquid chromatography and preparative gas chromatography (gc). the pheromone component was shown to be an ester, the alcohol part of which was identical to the known alcohol moiety of the pheromone of planococcus citri. the chemical structure was determin ...200314682507
partial purification of antibacterial proteinaceous factors from erythrocytes of oncorhynchus mykiss.antimicrobial peptides are natural antibiotics known to be present in both myeloid cells and epithelial surfaces of vertebrates. nevertheless, the reports of antimicrobial peptides isolated from blood cells of teleosts are scarce. in this paper we show that acid-soluble erythrocyte extracts from rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss, display antibacterial activity against planococcus citreus on a radial diffusion assay. following tc18 solid phase extraction, cationic exchange chromatography and c18 ...200414675829
psychrophilic planococcus maitriensis sp.nov. from antarctica.an orange pigmented bacterium, s1, was isolated from a cyanobacterial mat sample collected in the vicinity of schirmacher oasis, maitri, the indian station, in antarctica. the bacterium is gram-positive and possesses all the characteristics of the genus planococcus. it is non-sporulating, motile and has a4alpha type peptidoglycan, mk-7 and mk-8 as the major menaquinones and anteiso-c(15:0) as the major fatty acid. based on the phylogenetic characteristics, the bacterium s1 is identified as a clo ...200314666977
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