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antimicrobial resistance in bacterial poultry pathogens: a review.antimicrobial resistance (amr) is a global health threat, and antimicrobial usage and amr in animal production is one of its contributing sources. poultry is one of the most widespread types of meat consumed worldwide. poultry flocks are often raised under intensive conditions using large amounts of antimicrobials to prevent and to treat disease, as well as for growth promotion. antimicrobial resistant poultry pathogens may result in treatment failure, leading to economic losses, but also be a s ...201728848739
development and standardization of an in-house indirect elisa for detection of duck antibody to fowl cholera.serological tests, such as agglutination and indirect hemagglutination assay (iha), have been used to identify antibodies against pasteurella multocida in poultry sera, but none are highly sensitive. an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisa) has been used with varying degrees of success in attempts to monitor seroconversion in vaccinated poultry, but are not suitable for diagnosis. commercial elisa kits are available for chickens and turkeys, but not for ducks. the present study reports deve ...201728844720
molecular study on pasteurella multocida and mannheimia granulomatis from kenyan camels (camelus dromedarius).outbreaks of a haemorrhagic septicaemia (hs) like disease causing large mortalities in camels (camelus dromedarius) in asia and in africa have been reported since 1890. yet the aetiology of this condition remains elusive. this study is the first to apply state of the art molecular methods to shed light on the nasopharyngeal carrier state of pasteurellaceae in camels. the study focused on hs causing pasteurella multocida capsular types b and e. other pasteurellaceae, implicated in common respirat ...201728830429
the myriad properties of pasteurella multocida lipopolysaccharide.pasteurella multocida is a heterogeneous species that is a primary pathogen of many different vertebrates. this gram-negative bacterium can cause a range of diseases, including fowl cholera in birds, haemorrhagic septicaemia in ungulates, atrophic rhinitis in swine, and lower respiratory tract infections in cattle and pigs. one of the primary virulence factors of p. multocida is lipopolysaccharide (lps). recent work has shown that this crucial surface molecule shows significant structural variab ...201728825691
a capsule/lipopolysaccharide/mlst genotype d/l6/st11 of pasteurella multocida is likely to be strongly associated with swine respiratory disease in china.pasteurella multocida is a leading cause of respiratory disease in pigs worldwide. in this study, we determined the genetic characteristics of 115 p. multocida isolates from the lungs of pigs with respiratory disease in china in 2015 using capsular typing, lipopolysaccharide (lps) genotyping, and virulence genotyping based on the detection of virulence-associated genes. the results showed that the isolates belonged to three capsular types: a (49.6%), d (46.1%), and nontypable (4.3%); and two lps ...201728825122
surveillance for hemorrhagic septicemia in buffalo (bubalus bubalis) as an aid to range expansion of the javan rhinoceros (rhinoceros sondaicus) in ujung kulon national park, indonesia.the javan rhinoceros (rhinoceros sondaicus) of ujung kulon national park (uknp) is the crown jewel of indonesia's rich natural history. the park lies on a peninsula surrounded by coastline and agriculture-dominated landscapes. the invasion of water buffalo (bubalus bubalis) into the park carries a substantial health risk to the javan rhinoceros and threatens plans to establish a new population outside of its only current range in uknp. hemorrhagic septicemia (hs), known locally as septicemia epi ...201728820298
ompa protein sequence-based typing and virulence-associated gene profiles of pasteurella multocida isolates associated with bovine haemorrhagic septicaemia and porcine pneumonic pasteurellosis in thailand.pasteurella multocida is a gram-negative bacterium that causes economically significant infections of a broad range of animal species. pneumonic and septicaemic pasteurellosis caused by this bacterium remain important problems in pigs, cattle, and water buffaloes in thailand. the aim of this study was to characterise the virulence-associated gene profiles and to develop an ompa molecular typing scheme for classifying 191 bovine and porcine isolates of p. multocida collected between 1989 and 2012 ...201728814302
two novel cross‑protective antigens for bovine pasteurella multocida.pasteurella multocida is an important pathogen that leads to a range of diseases that have severe economic consequences on cattle production. in order to develop an effective cross‑protective component vaccine, an immunoproteomics approach was used to analyze outer membrane proteins (omps) of the p. multocida serotype a, b and f strains. candidate antigen molecules from the whole genome were screened via linear trap quadrupole mass spectrometry and bioinformatics analysis, and the reactogenicity ...201728791368
antimicrobial susceptibility, serotypes and genotypes of pasteurella multocida isolates associated with swine pneumonia in taiwan.pasteurella multocida (pm) can cause progressive atrophic rhinitis and suppurative bronchopneumonia in pigs. the present study performed antimicrobial susceptibility testing and serotype and genotype identification on the 62 pm strains isolated from the lungs of diseased pigs with respiratory symptoms. antimicrobial susceptibility testing examined 13 antimicrobial agents (amoxicillin, cefazolin, doxycycline, flumequine, enrofloxacin, florfenicol, kanamycin, lincomycin, linco-spectin (lincomycin ...201728784694
infection-stage adjusted dose of beta-lactams for parsimonious and efficient antibiotic treatments: a pasteurella multocida experimental pneumonia in mice.in this study, the impact of infection stage on clinically and microbiologically efficacious doses and on antibiotic consumption was assessed during a naturally evolving infectious disease, using an original mouse model of pulmonary infection produced by air-borne contamination. when pasteurella multocida was administered as pathogenic agent to immunocompetent mice, 60% of the animals exhibited clinical symptoms of pneumonia 2 to 4 days after bacterial contamination of the lungs. two beta-lactam ...201728777819
pasteurella multocida infection in a dog bite wound: a case report. 199528769318
urinary tract infection with pasteurella multocida in a patient with cat exposure and abnormal urinary tract physiology: case report and literature review.pasteurella multocida is a gram-negative organism that commonly colonizes the mouth of cats and dogs, and is known to cause infection in humans associated with animal bites or scratches. sites of infection other than skin and soft tissue are rare, but have been reported in patients with specific risk factors including anatomical abnormalities or immunosuppression. herein, we report a case of a symptomatic urinary tract infection caused by p. multocida in a 59 year old female who presented to the ...201728752063
whole-genome sequencing and concordance between antimicrobial susceptibility genotypes and phenotypes of bacterial isolates associated with bovine respiratory disease.extended laboratory culture and antimicrobial susceptibility testing timelines hinder rapid species identification and susceptibility profiling of bacterial pathogens associated with bovine respiratory disease, the most prevalent cause of cattle mortality in the united states. whole genome sequencing offers a culture-independent alternative to current bacterial identification methods but requires a library of bacterial reference genomes for comparison. to contribute new bacterial genome assembli ...201728739600
pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic integration and modelling of oxytetracycline for the calf pathogens mannheimia haemolytica and pasteurella multocida.a calf tissue cage model was used to study the pharmacokinetics (pk) and pharmacodynamics (pd) of oxytetracycline in serum, inflamed (exudate) and noninflamed (transudate) tissue cage fluids. after intramuscular administration, the pk was characterized by a long mean residence time of 28.3 hr. based on minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) for six isolates each of mannheimia haemolytica and pasteurella multocida, measured in serum, integration of in vivo pk and in vitro pd data established ar ...201728736817
is submucosal fat injection effective in atrophic rhinitis? an experimental animal study.atrophic rhinitis (ar) is a disease characterized by the extensive dilatation of the nasal cavity and atrophy of the mucosa, submucosa and bone tissue. its etiological factors are unknown. there is not a satisfying treatment yet and the treatment of the functional impairment in the atrophic cells is still subject to investigation. the objective of this study is to determine at the histopathological level the possible effects of the submucosal fat injection in an experimental model of ar. 12 albi ...201728707085
evaluation of a multiplex real-time pcr for detection of four bacterial agents commonly associated with bovine respiratory disease in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid.pasteurella multocida, mannheimia haemolytica, histophilus somni and trueperella pyogenes are four bacterial agents commonly associated with bovine respiratory disease (brd). in this study a bacterial multiplex real-time pcr (the respocheck pcr) was evaluated for the detection in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (balf) of these four bacterial agents.201728705198
genome wide host gene expression analysis in mice experimentally infected with pasteurella multocida.pasteurella multocida causes acute septicemic and respiratory diseases, including haemorrhagic septicaemia, in cattle and buffalo with case fatality of 100%. in the present study, mice were infected with p. multocida (1.6 × 103 cfu, intraperitoneal) to evaluate host gene expression profile at early and late stages of infection using high throughput microarray transcriptome analyses. several differentially expressed genes (degs) at both the time points were identified in p.multocida infected sple ...201728704394
wild mushrooms: a potential source of nutritional and antioxidant attributes with acceptable toxicity.this paper describes in detail proximate composition, nutritional profile, phytochemical constituents, antioxidant activities, antimicrobial potential, and antihemolytic activity (towards human erythrocytes) of various fractions of wild ganoderma lucidum. proximate analysis established that wild g. lucidum comprises about 87.02±5.45% of moisture, and the remaining part is a rich source of proteins (8.59±0.37%), crude fiber (54.21±1.2%), and carbohydrate (35.16%) with smaller fat content (3.33 %) ...201728702429
pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic modeling of tulathromycin against pasteurella multocida in a porcine tissue cage model.tulathromycin, a macrolide antibiotic, is used for the treatment of respiratory disease in cattle and swine. the aim of our study was to investigate the in vitro and ex vivo activities of tulathromycin in serum, (non-inflamed) transudate, and (inflamed) exudate against pasteurella multocida in piglets. the pharmacokinetics properties of tulathromycin were studied for serum, transudate, and exudate using a tissue cage model. in vitro antibiotic susceptibility of p. multocida and dynamic time-kill ...201728701951
draft genome sequence of a virulent strain of pasteurella multocida isolated from alpaca.pasteurella multocida is one of the most frequently isolated bacteria in acute pneumonia cases, being responsible for high mortality rates in peruvian young alpacas, with consequent social and economic costs. here we report the genome sequence of p. multocida strain unmsm, isolated from the lung of an alpaca diagnosed with pneumonia, in peru. the genome consists of 2,439,814 base pairs assembled into 82 contigs and 2,252 protein encoding genes, revealing the presence of known virulence-associate ...201728698737
in vitro treatment of lipopolysaccharide increases the invasion of pasteurella multocida serotype b:2 into bovine aortic endothelial cell.pasteurella multocida serotype b:2 causes haemorrhagic septicaemia (hs) in cattle and buffaloes. the invasion mechanism of the bacterium to invade the bloodstream is unclear. this study aims to characterize the effects of immunomodulatory molecules, namely dexamethasone and lipopolysaccharide treatments, on the invasion efficiency of p. multocida serotype b:2 towards bovine aortic endothelial cells (baecs) and the involvement of actin microfilament in the invasion mechanism. the results imply th ...201728693312
transcriptomic analysis on responses of murine lungs to pasteurella multocida infection.pasteurella multocida infection in cattle causes serious epidemic diseases and leads to great economic losses in livestock industry; however, little is known about the interaction between host and p. multocida in the lungs. to explore a fully insight into the host responses in the lungs during p. multocida infection, a mouse model of pasteurella pneumonia was established by intraperitoneal infection, and then transcriptomic analysis of infected lungs was performed. p. multocida localized and gre ...201728676843
simultaneous streptococcus canis and pasteurella multocida peritonitis in a peritoneal dialysis patient. 201728676516
prediction of marbofloxacin dosage for the pig pneumonia pathogens actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and pasteurella multocida by pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic modelling.bacterial pneumonia in pigs occurs widely and requires antimicrobial therapy. it is commonly caused by the pathogens actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and pasteurella multocida. marbofloxacin is an antimicrobial drug of the fluoroquinolone class, licensed for use against these organisms in the pig. in recent years there have been major developments in dosage schedule design, based on integration and modelling of pharmacokinetic (pk) and pharmacodynamic (pd) data, with the objective of optimising e ...201728666426
antibakterielle in-vitro-wirksamkeit ätherischer öle gegen veterinärmedizinisch relevante keime klinischer isolate von hunden, katzen und pferden.einleitung: ätherische öle sind die grundlage der aromatherapie. unter anderem wird ihnen eine antibakterielle wirkung zugeschrieben. in dieser studie sollte die in-vitro-wirksamkeit ätherischer öle gegen ein breites spektrum veterinärmedizinisch relevanter erreger getestet werden. methoden: die antibakterielle aktivität von 16 ätherischen ölen wurde mittels agardiffusionstest bestimmt. getestet wurden grampositive und gramnegative erreger, die aus klinischen isolaten von hunden, katzen und pfer ...201728654923
impact of growth matrix on pharmacodynamics of antimicrobial drugs for pig pneumonia pathogens.the most widely used measure of potency of antimicrobial drugs is minimum inhibitory concentration (mic). mic is usually determined under standardised conditions in broths formulated to optimise bacterial growth on a species-by-species basis. this ensures comparability of data between laboratories. however, differences in values of mic may arise between broths of differing chemical composition and for some drug classes major differences occur between broths and biological fluids such as serum an ...201728645327
multipathogenic necrotising supraglottitis in an immunocompetent patient.supraglottitis is a potentially life-threatening condition. it is now uncommon due to the haemophilus influenzae type b vaccination and is more recently caused by streptococcus pneumoniae, s. pyogenes, h. influenzae non-type b, h. parainfluenzae, staphylococcus aureus and pasteurella multocida very rarely, it can cause necrotising supraglottitis/epiglottitis, and this has been reported in immunocompromised individuals. we present a unique case of multipathogenic supraglottitis causing laryngeal ...201728630241
interaction between pasteurella multocida b:2 and its derivatives with bovine aortic endothelial cell (baec).pasteurella multocida b:2 causes bovine haemorrhagic septicaemia (hs), leading to rapid fatalities in cattle and buffaloes. an attenuated derivative of p. multocida b:2 gdh7, was previously constructed through mutation of the gdha gene and proved to be an effective live attenuated vaccine for hs. currently, only two potential live attenuated vaccine candidates for hs are being reported; p. multocida b:2 gdh7 and p. multocida b:2 jrmt12. this study primarily aims to investigate the potential of p ...201728629460
ducks as a potential reservoir for pasteurella multocida infection detected using a new romph-based elisa.pasteurella multocida is an important pathogen of numerous domestic poultry and wild animals and is associated with a variety of diseases including fowl cholera. the aim of this study was to develop an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) based on recombinant outer-membrane protein h (romph) for detection of anti-p. multocida antibodies in serum to determine their prevalence in chinese ducks. the p. multocida omph gene was cloned into pet32a, and romph was expressed in escherichia ...201728626158
identification of a large family of slam-dependent surface lipoproteins in gram-negative bacteria.the surfaces of many gram-negative bacteria are decorated with soluble proteins anchored to the outer membrane via an acylated n-terminus; these proteins are referred to as surface lipoproteins or slps. in neisseria meningitidis, slps such as transferrin-binding protein b (tbpb) and factor-h binding protein (fhbp) are essential for host colonization and infection because of their essential roles in iron acquisition and immune evasion, respectively. recently, we identified a family of outer membr ...201728620585
integrated pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (pk/pd) model to evaluate the in vivo antimicrobial activity of marbofloxacin against pasteurella multocida in piglets.marbofloxacin is a veterinary fluoroquinolone with high activity against pasteurella multocida. we evaluated it's in vivo activity against p. multocida based on in vivo time-kill data in swine using a tissue-cage model. a series of dosages ranging from 0.15 to 2.5 mg/kg were administered intramuscularly after challenge with p. multocida type b, serotype 2.201728619095
genome-wide analyses reveal genes subject to positive selection in pasteurella multocida.pasteurella multocida, a gram-negative opportunistic pathogen, has led to a broad range of diseases in mammals and birds, including fowl cholera in poultry, pneumonia and atrophic rhinitis in swine and rabbit, hemorrhagic septicemia in cattle, and bite infections in humans. in order to better interpret the genetic diversity and adaptation evolution of this pathogen, seven genomes of p. multocida strains isolated from fowls, rabbit and pigs were determined by using high-throughput sequencing appr ...201728611758
pasteurella multocida chest wall abscess without wounds. 201728560171
comparison of gene expression of toll-like receptors and cytokines between piau and commercial line (landrace×large white crossbred) pigs vaccinated against pasteurella multocida type d.we aimed to compare toll-like receptors (tlr) and cytokines expression in local piau breed and a commercial line (landrace×large white crossbred) pigs in response to vaccination against pasteurella multocida type d. seronegative gilts for pasteurella multocida type d and mycoplasma hyopneumoniae were used, from which peripheral blood mononuclear cells (pbmc) were collected in four time points (t0, t1, t2 and t3; before and after each vaccination dose). for bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cells (bal ...201728554143
pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic integration and modelling of florfenicol for the pig pneumonia pathogens actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and pasteurella multocida.pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (pk/pd) integration and modelling were used to predict dosage schedules for florfenicol for two pig pneumonia pathogens, actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and pasteurella multocida. pharmacokinetic data were pooled for two bioequivalent products, pioneer and generic formulations, administered intramuscularly to pigs at a dose rate of 15 mg/kg. antibacterial potency was determined in vitro as minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) and mutant prevention concentration ...201728552968
pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic evaluation of marbofloxacin as a single injection for pasteurellaceae respiratory infections in cattle using population pharmacokinetics and monte carlo simulations.population pharmacokinetic of marbofloxacin was investigated with 52 plasma concentration-time profiles obtained after intramuscular administration of forcyl® in cattle. animal's status, pre-ruminant, ruminant, or dairy cow, was retained as a relevant covariate for clearance. monte carlo simulations were performed using a stratification by status, and 1000 virtual disposition curves were generated in each bovine subpopulation for the recommended dosage regimen of 10 mg/kg as a single injection. ...201728542866
pasteurella multocida ecthyma complicated by necrotizing fasciitis.necrotizing fasciitis is a serious infection of the skin and soft tissues. pasteurella multocida is rarely reported to cause necrotizing fasciitis and is associated with high mortality. we describe a female patient with a past medical history of diabetes mellitus and myeloproliferative disorder presenting with bullae and erythema of the right forearm secondary to p. multocida infection after possible cat bite. despite adequate antibiotic coverage she developed necrotizing fasciitis diagnosed cli ...201728541874
characterization of pasteurella multocida associated with ovine pneumonia using multi-locus sequence typing (mlst) and virulence-associated gene profile analysis and comparison with porcine isolates.pasteurella multocida is a pathogen causing disease in a wide range of hosts including sheep and pigs. isolates from ovine pneumonia were characterized by mlst (multi-host and rirdc databases) and virulence-associated gene (vag) typing and compared with porcine isolates. ovine and porcine isolates did not share any sts as determined by both schemes and exhibited different vag profiles. with the multi-host database, sixteen sts were identified among 43 sheep isolates with two sts (st50 and st19) ...201728532799
detection and genetic characterization of pasteurella multocida from alpaca (vicugna pacos) pneumonia cases.pasteurella multocida is a common constituent of upper respiratory tract microbiota but is frequently isolated of alpaca lung tissues from pulmonary infections. despite its importance, very little is known about this bacteria at molecular level. in order to characterize p. multocida isolates, 24 isolates recovered from 46 mortal acute cases in young alpacas with suspected pneumonia were analyzed, using biochemical and molecular tests for capsule and lps typing, virulence factors detection, and e ...201728523388
pasteurella multocida peritonitis associated with a cat in a peritoneal dialysis patient using an automated cycler device.pasteurella multocida (p. multocida) is an aerobic gram-negative coccobacillus, which is found as part of the natural oral flora of many animals, including most healthy cats and dogs. however, it can cause a variety of infections in humans, usually as a result of the patient being bitten or scratched by a cat or dog. there have been 22 reported cases of p. multocida peritonitis in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (pd). of these, 66.7 % occurred within 12 months of the initiation of pd. on ...201228509064
quantification of pasteurella multocida in experimentally infected pigs using a real-time pcr assay.the aim of the study was to quantify pasteurella multocida in experimentally infected pigs using a new qpcr assay based on the soda gene and validated with 35 p. multocida strains, including strains isolated from pigs with pneumonia, clinically healthy pigs (nasal cavities), and human infections. the specificity of the test was verified with a collection of 60 strains of bacterial species other than p. multocida. the estimated detection threshold was 10 genome equivalents per microliter. the amp ...201728499212
chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction associated with enteric ganglionitis in a persian cat.case summary a 7-year-old neutered male persian cat was presented for acute vomiting and inappetence. physical examination revealed severe abdominal distension. radiographs demonstrated pneumoperitoneum, megaoesophagus and generalised gaseous distension of the digestive tract. exploratory coeliotomy was performed, revealing markedly distended and thickened small and large intestines with no observable peristalsis. no intestinal perforation was present. bacteriological and cytological analysis of ...201728491428
bacterial pericarditis in a cat.a 4-year-old male neutered domestic shorthair cat was presented to the oregon state university cardiology service for suspected pericardial effusion. cardiac tamponade was documented and pericardiocentesis yielded purulent fluid with cytologic results supportive of bacterial pericarditis. the microbial population consisted of pasteurella multocida, actinomyces canis, fusobacterium and bacteroides species. conservative management was elected consisting of intravenous antibiotic therapy with ampic ...201728491384
serological evidence of avian encephalomyelitis virus and pasteurella multocida infections in free-range indigenous chickens in southern mozambique.a total of 398 serum samples from free-range indigenous chickens originating from four villages in southern mozambique were tested for the presence of avian encephalomyelitis virus (aev) and pasteurella multocida (pm) antibodies through commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) kits. aev and pm antibodies were detected in all villages surveyed. the proportion of positive samples was very high: 59.5% (95% confidence interval (ci) 51.7-67.7%) for aev and 71.5% (95% ci 67.7-77.3%) for pm ...201728474290
pasteurella multocida meningoencephalitis in an immunocompetent adult with multiple cat scratches.we present the case of a 49-year-old woman admitted to our acute medical unit with a 2-day history of fever, vomiting and confusion. the patient was alcohol dependent and had sustained several scratches from her pet cat, which her pet dog had licked. she deteriorated in the emergency department-developing high fever, worsening confusion and meningism. blood cultures were taken and broad spectrum antibiotics commenced prior to ct scanning and diagnostic lumbar puncture. blood cultures and csf 16s ...201728473359
isolation, characterization, virulence and immunogenicity testing of field isolates of pasteurella multocida, staphylococcus aureus, and streptococcus agalactiae in laboratory settings.the present study was designed to investigate isolation, characterization, virulence and immunogenicity testing of field isolates of pasteurella multocida, staphylococcus aureus, and streptococcus agalactiae in rabbits and mice. isolates of p. multocida, s. aureus and str. agalactiae recovered from field cases of hemorragic septicemia and mastitis were scrutinized for virulence/pathogenicity and immunogenicity. mouse ld50 of p. multocida showed that p. multocida isolate no.1 was more virulent th ...201728450213
cryostored autologous skull bone for cranioplasty? a study on cranial bone flaps' viability and microbial contamination after deep-frozen storage at -80°c.craniectomy is a life-saving procedure. subsequent cranioplasty with autologous skull bone has a bone resorption rate from 4% to 22.8% and an infection rate from 3.3% to 26%. there are concerns with their viability and the potential microbial contamination as they were explanted for a long period of time. eighteen cranial bone flaps stored at prince of wales hospital skull bone bank during the period from june 2011 to march 2016 were identified. ethics approval was obtained. bone chips and deep ...201728431953
cross-protection conferred by immunization with an romph-based intranasal fowl cholera vaccine.a previous study demonstrated that a recombinant outer membrane protein h (romph)-based intranasal fowl cholera vaccine elicited efficient homologous protection against the pasteurella multocida strain x-73 (a:1) in chickens. the present study aimed to determine the cross-protectivity against heterologous p. multocida strains. the romph was purified via electroelution and formulated with two kinds of adjuvants. the vaccine formulations in a total volume of 100 µl were 100 µg romph with 3 µg of e ...201728421815
genome sequence of pasteurella multocida razi 0002 of avian origin.we report here on the genome sequence of pasteurella multocida razi 0002 of avian origin, isolated in iran. the genome has a size of 2,289,036 bp, a g+c content of 40.3%, and is predicted to contain 2,079 coding sequences.201728408677
hypercholesterolemia impairs oxytocin-induced uterine contractility in late pregnant mouse.high cholesterol is known to negatively affect uterine contractility in ex vivo conditions. the aim of the present study was to reveal the effect of in vivo hypercholesterolemia on spontaneous and oxytocin-induced uterine contractility in late pregnant mouse uterus. female swiss albino mice were fed with high cholesterol (hc) diet (0.5% sodium cholate, 1.25% cholesterol and 15% fat) for 6 weeks and then throughout the gestation period after mating. on day 19 of gestation, serum cholesterol level ...201728400465
reproductive hormonal variations and adenohypophyseal lesions in pre-pubertal buffalo heifers inoculated with pasteurella multocida type b: 2 and its immunogens.hemorrhagic septicemia is a fatal disease of cattle and buffaloes caused by p. multocida. although the pathogenesis of the bacteria has been well established in literature, there is a paucity of information on the possible role of the bacteria and its immunogens; lipopolysaccharide (lps) and outer membrane proteins (omps) on the reproductive capacity of buffalo heifers.201728381248
in vitro activity of pexiganan and 10 comparator antimicrobials against 234 isolates including 93 pasteurella spp. and 50 anaerobic bacteria recovered from animal bite wounds.animal bite wounds affect more than 5 million americans resulting in 300,000 emergency department visits, 10,000 hospitalizations and untold number of physician office visits annually. various forms of topical therapy are empirically self-employed by many patients prior to seeking medical attention. pexiganan, a 22-amino acid synthetic cationic analogue of peptide magainin ii, acts by selectively damaging bacterial cell membranes. we determined the mics for pexiganan and other antimicrobial agen ...201728373186
antimicrobial therapy for pasteurella multocida empyema in immunocompetent adults. 201728368933
molecular characterization and antimicrobial susceptibility of pasteurella multocida strains isolated from hosts affected by various diseases in italy.pasteurella multocida is a widespread pathogen associated with major animal diseases of economic significance. despite this, little is known about the capsular types, virulence gene pattern, and antimicrobial susceptibility of isolates from hosts affected by different diseases, and no data are available in italy. one hundred eighty six isolates of p. multocida, were taken from different species in different states of health in several italian regions, and were tested for genes encoding for capsu ...201728365922
pasteurella multocida urinary tract infection in a patient with cervical cancer.introduction. infections caused by pasteurella species are commonly associated with contact with dogs and cats, typically involving bites and scratches, but casual contact with household pets can also be a risk factor. urinary tract infection (uti) caused by pasteurella species is rare and a significant majority of cases have some known risk factor associated with an underlying chronic illness or structural and/or functional urological abnormality. case presentation. here, we present a case of a ...201728348800
survey of susceptibility to marbofloxacin in bacteria isolated from diseased pigs in europe.a monitoring programme of marbofloxacin susceptibility of bacteria from europe causing respiratory tract infection and meningitis in pigs has been active since 1994 and 2002, respectively. monitoring digestive, metritis and urinary tract infection (uti) in pigs has been active since 2005 and susceptibility results until 2013 are presented. minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) was determined by broth microdilution. for mic interpretation, vétoquinol-evaluated breakpoints were applied. for diges ...201728348142
clinical characteristics of pyogenic flexor tenosynovitis in pediatric patients.to characterize the clinical presentation, common pathogens, antimicrobial susceptibility, and treatment methods associated with pyogenic flexor tenosynovitis (pft) in pediatric patients.201728341068
expanding glycosaminoglycan chemical space: towards the creation of sulfated analogs, novel polymers and chimeric constructs.glycosaminoglycans (gags) have therapeutic potential in areas ranging from angiogenesis, inflammation, hemostasis and cancer. gag bioactivity is conferred by intrinsic structural features, such as disaccharide composition, glycosidic linkages and sulfation pattern. unfortunately, the in vitro enzymatic synthesis of defined gags is quite restricted by a limited understanding of current gag synthases and modifying enzymes. our work provides insights into gag-active enzymes through the creation of ...201728334971
the nasopharyngeal microbiota of beef cattle before and after transport to a feedlot.the nasopharyngeal (np) microbiota plays an important role in bovine health, comprising a rich and diverse microbial community. the nasopharynx is also the niche for potentially pathogenic agents which are associated with bovine respiratory disease (brd), a serious and costly illness in feedlot cattle. we used 14 beef heifers from a closed and disease-free herd to assess the dynamics of the np microbiota of cattle that are transported to a feedlot. cattle were sampled prior to transport to the f ...201728330466
evaluation of phenolic compounds and antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of some common herbs.the study was designed to evaluate the phenolic, flavonoid contents and antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of onion (allium cepa), garlic (allium sativum), mint (mentha spicata), thyme (thymus vulgaris), oak (quercus), aloe vera (aloe barbadensis miller), and ginger (zingiber officinale). all extracts showed a wide range of total phenolic contents, that is, 4.96 to 98.37 mg/100 g gallic acid equivalents, and total flavonoid contents, that is, 0.41 to 17.64 mg/100 g catechin equivalents. an ...201728316626
prevalence of taxa of pasteurellaceae among populations of healthy captive psittacine birds.sixty-two strains of pasteurellaceae-like bacteria were isolated from the tracheas of 87 clinically healthy psittacine birds in two danish zoos. the isolates were identified by a combination of rpob and 16s rrna gene sequencing and by matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization time of flight. twenty-eight strains belonged to the genus volucribacter or were related to this genus and to the unnamed taxon 34 of bisgaard, and 28 strains were related to the unnamed taxon 44 of bisgaard. four strains ...201728301245
pasteurella multocida toxin triggers rankl-independent osteoclastogenesis.bone remodeling is a continuous process to retain the structural integrity and function of the skeleton. a tight coupling is maintained between osteoclast-mediated resorption of old or damaged bones and osteoblast-mediated formation of new bones for bone homeostasis. while osteoblasts differentiate from mesenchymal stem cells, osteoclasts are hematopoietic in origin and derived from myeloid precursor cells. osteoclast differentiation is driven by two cytokines, cytokine receptor activator of nf- ...201728289415
the bovine paranasal sinuses: bacterial flora, epithelial expression of nitric oxide and potential role in the in-herd persistence of respiratory disease pathogens.the bovine paranasal sinuses are a group of complex cavernous air-filled spaces, lined by respiratory epithelium, the exact function of which is unclear. while lesions affecting these sinuses are occasionally reported in cattle, their microbial flora has not been defined. furthermore, given that the various bacterial and viral pathogens causing bovine respiratory disease (brd) persist within herds, we speculated that the paranasal sinuses may serve as a refuge for such infectious agents. the par ...201728282443
multiple cortical infarcts complicating pasteurella multocida meningitis. 201728251332
assessment of pasteurella multocida a lipopolysaccharide, as an adhesin in an in vitro model of rabbit respiratory epithelium.the role of the p. multocida lipopolysaccharide (lps) as a putative adhesin during the early stages of infection with this bacterium in the respiratory epithelium of rabbits was investigated. by light microscopy and double enzyme labeling of nasal septa tissues, the amount of bacteria attached to the respiratory epithelium and the amount of lps present in goblet cells at different experimental times were estimated. transmission electron microscopy (tem) and lps labeling with colloidal gold parti ...201728251016
re-emergence of bovine haemorrhagic septicaemia in hungary.this paper reports an outbreak of haemorrhagic septicaemia caused by pasteurella multocida b:2 in beef calves, a disease that has not been described in the hungarian literature since 1943, and has not been reported to the world organisation for animal health (oie) since 1970. acute haemorrhagic septicaemia was confirmed in beef calves on one small farm, and was suspected on two further nearby holdings with concomitant unexplained losses. the source of the infection could not be determined. apart ...201728244341
comparison of the diagnostic performance of bacterial culture of nasopharyngeal swab and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples obtained from calves with bovine respiratory disease.objective to compare predictive values, extent of agreement, and gamithromycin susceptibility between bacterial culture results of nasopharyngeal swab (nps) and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (balf) samples obtained from calves with bovine respiratory disease (brd). animals 28 beef calves with clinical brd. procedures pooled bilateral nps samples and balf samples were obtained for bacterial culture from calves immediately before and at various times during the 5 days after gamithromycin (6 mg/kg, ...201728240958
feeding of waste milk to holstein calves affects antimicrobial resistance of escherichia coli and pasteurella multocida isolated from fecal and nasal swabs.the use of milk containing antimicrobial residues in calf feeding programs has been shown to select for resistant fecal escherichia coli in dairy calves. however, information is scarce about the effects of feeding calves waste milk (wm) on the prevalence of multidrug-resistant bacteria. the objective of this study was to determine the antimicrobial resistance patterns of fecal e. coli and nasal pasteurella multocida isolates from calves fed either milk replacer (mr) or wm in 8 commercial dairy f ...201728215892
genome characterization of pasteurella multocida subspecies septica and comparison with pasteurella multocida subspecies multocida and gallicida.pasteurella multocida: subspecies multocida, gallicida, and septica are noted to have a contribution to fowl cholera, a life-threatening disease to both domestic and wild bird species. the genome sequences of avian p. multocida subspecies gallicida and multocida have been well analyzed and compared. however, the genome characterization of avian p. multocida subspecies septica is rarely discussed. in this study, we determined the draft genome sequence of a virulent p. multocida subspecies septica ...201728175928
genome sequence of pasteurella multocida strain razi_pm0001.we report here the genome sequence of pasteurella multocida razi_pm0001 from bovine origin, isolated in iran in 1936. the genome has a size of 2,360,663 bp, a g+c content of 40.4%, and is predicted to contain 2,052 coding sequences.201728153892
molecular characterization of the capsular antigens of pasteurella multocida isolates using multiplex pcr.the use of molecular techniques for detection and characterization of the pasteurella multocida is very important for rapid and specific detection and characterization of the organism. during the period from 15th february, 2014 to 15th april, 2015, 425 nasopharyngeal swabs and 175 lung and spleen samples were collected and examined by conventional methods, 80 strains (18.82%) of p. multocida were isolated from the calves, sheep and goat with respiratory manifestation. meanwhile, 77 strains (44%) ...201728149175
systemic granulomatous and haemorrhagic syndrome in new zealand dairy cattle.cases were obtained through passive surveillance reporting by veterinary pathologists, via the ministry for primary industries exotic pest and disease hotline. they included ill or dead cows that had evidence of frank haemorrhage, petechial haemorrhages on mucous membranes, wasting or dermatitis of unknown cause, and were reported between 2009-2014. affected cows (n=16) were from nine seasonally calving dairy farms, aged ≥3 years, and were predominantly in their mid-to-late non-lactating period. ...201728147208
development of loop-mediated isothermal amplification-based diagnostic assays for detection of pasteurella multocida and hemorrhagic septicemia-associated p multocida serotype b:2.objective to develop 2 rapid loop-mediated isothermal amplification (lamp) assays for detection of pasteurella multocida dna (pm-lamp assay) and p multocida dna from strains associated with hemorrhagic septicemia (hs) in cattle and buffalo (hs-lamp assay). sample solutions containing 16 p multocida strains and 9 other bacterial species at various concentrations. procedures optimal conditions were determined for running the pm-lamp and hs-lamp assays. the assays were then used to detect dna of th ...201728140634
tir-only protein rba1 recognizes a pathogen effector to regulate cell death in arabidopsis.detection of pathogens by plants is mediated by intracellular nucleotide-binding site leucine-rich repeat (nlr) receptor proteins. nlr proteins are defined by their stereotypical multidomain structure: an n-terminal toll-interleukin receptor (tir) or coiled-coil (cc) domain, a central nucleotide-binding (nb) domain, and a c-terminal leucine-rich repeat (lrr). the plant innate immune system contains a limited nlr repertoire that functions to recognize all potential pathogens. we isolated response ...201728137883
the ability of lipopolysaccharide (lps) of pasteurella multocida b:2 to induce clinical and pathological lesions in the nervous system of buffalo calves following experimental inoculation.lipopolysaccharide (lps) of p. multocida b:2, a causative agent of haemorrhagic septicaemia (hs) in cattle and buffaloes, is considered as the main virulence factor and contribute in the pathogenesis of the disease. recent studies provided evidences about the involvement of the nervous system in pathogenesis of hs. however, the role of p. multocida b:2 immunogens, especially the lps is still uncovered. therefore, this study was designed to investigate the role of p. multocida b:2 lps to induce p ...201728126667
metabolic engineering of bacillus subtilis for biosynthesis of heparosan using heparosan synthase from pasteurella multocida, pmhs1.heparosan, the capsular polysaccharide discovered in many pathogenic bacteria, is a promising material for heparin preparation. in this study, the pasteurella multocida heparosan synthase 1 (pmhs1) module was used to synthesize heparosan with controlled molecular weight, while tuad/gtab module or gcad module was responsible for udp-precursors production in bacillus subtilis 168. after metabolic pathway optimization, the yield of heparosan was as high as 237.6 mg/l in strain containing pmhs1 modu ...201728120124
prevalence of different omph-types among pasteurella multocida isolated from lungs of calves with respiratory problems.pasteurella multocida is among the most important respiratory pathogens of cattle. outer-membrane protein (omph) constitutes an essential bacterial antigen and is well studied in avian bacterial strains. studies on isolates from cattle with signs of respiratory disease caused by pasteurella multocida serotypes a and d have not yet been covered in the literature. the objective of this study was a comparative analysis of the omph gene sequences from 83 isolates and four russian reference strains o ...201728119034
identification and characterization of a protective antigen, plpb of bovine pasteurella multocida strain lz-pm.the pasteurella multocida lipoprotein b (plpb) was cloned from pasteurella multocida (p. multocida) strain lz-pm (serotype a) and expressed in escherichia coli (e. coli). sequence analysis showed that plpb from different strains of p. multocida exhibited 80.8-99.4% sequence identity to each other, suggesting that plpb might serve as a cross-protective antigen. the purified pcr product of plpb gene consisting of 831 base pairs was inserted into the pet-32a (+) plasmid, and then transferred into e ...201728119019
factors influencing the potency of marbofloxacin for pig pneumonia pathogens actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and pasteurella multocida.for the pig respiratory tract pathogens, actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and pasteurella multocida, minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) of marbofloxacin was determined in recommended broths and pig serum at three inoculum strengths. mics in both growth matrices increased progressively from low, through medium to high starting inoculum counts, 10(4), 10(6) and 10(8)cfu/ml, respectively. p. multocida mic ratios for high:low inocula were 14:4:1 for broth and 28.2:1 for serum. corresponding mic r ...201728113129
small ruminant pasteurellosis in tigray region, ethiopia: marked serotype diversity may affect vaccine efficacy.the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalent bibersteinia, mannheimia and pasteurella serotypes, risk factors and degree of serotype co-infections in sheep and goats in the tigray region of ethiopia. serum was collected from 384 sheep and goats from the tanqua-abergelle district of tigray region using cross-sectional random sampling. an indirect haemagglutination test was used for serotyping. risk factors for infections were evaluated by logistic regression. potential clustering of mul ...201728112054
identification of a chondroitin synthase from an unexpected source, the green sulfur bacterium chlorobium phaeobacteroides.glycosaminoglycans [gags] are known to be present in all animals as well as some pathogenic microbes. chondroitin sulfate is the most abundant gag in mammals where it has various structural and adhesion roles. the gram-negative bacteria pasteurella multocida type f and escherichia coli k4 produce extracellular capsules composed of unsulfated chondroitin or a fructosylated chondroitin, respectively. such polysaccharides that are structurally related to host molecules do not generally provoke a st ...201728104786
what is the true in vitro potency of oxytetracycline for the pig pneumonia pathogens actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and pasteurella multocida?the pharmacodynamics of oxytetracycline was determined for pig respiratory tract pathogens, actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and pasteurella multocida. indices of potency were determined for the following: (i) two matrices, broth and pig serum; (ii) five overlapping sets of twofold dilutions; and (iii) a high strength starting culture. for a. pleuropneumoniae, minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) was similar for the two matrices, but for p. multocida, differences were marked and significantly d ...201728101885
auranofin inhibits the enzyme activity of pasteurella multocida toxin pmt in human cells and protects cells from intoxication.the ab-type protein toxin from pasteurella multocida (pmt) contains a functionally important disulfide bond within its catalytic domain, which must be cleaved in the host cell cytosol to render the catalytic domain of pmt into its active conformation. here, we found that the reductive potential of the cytosol of target cells, and more specifically, the activity of the thioredoxin reductase (trxr) is crucial for this process. this was demonstrated by the strong inhibitory effect of the pharmacolo ...201728098782
molecular characterization of pasteurella multocida isolates obtained from poultry, ruminant, cats and dogs using rapd and rep-pcr analysis.in the present study, randomly amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) and repetitive extragenic palindromic sequence-based polymerase chain reaction (rep- pcr) were used to characterize 131 isolates of pasteurella multocida, originating from different healthy and diseased animal species obtained from several geographical regions of iran. the rapd and rep-pcr generated amplified products in the range of 300 to 3400 bp and 200 to 2850 bp, respectively. among all of the p. multocida isolates, cluster ana ...201628097166
pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic integration and modelling of oxytetracycline for the porcine pneumonia pathogens actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and pasteurella multocida.pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (pk/pd) integration and modelling were used to predict dosage schedules of oxytetracycline for two pig pneumonia pathogens, actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and pasteurella multocida. minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) and mutant prevention concentration (mpc) were determined in broth and porcine serum. pk/pd integration established ratios of average concentration over 48 h (cav0-48 h )/mic of 5.87 and 0.27 μg/ml (p. multocida) and 0.70 and 0.85 μg/ml (a. pleur ...201728090673
evaluation of an in-house indirect elisa for detection of antibody against haemorrhagic septicemia in asian elephants.pasteurella multocida causes haemorrhagic septicemia in livestock and wild animals, including elephants. the disease has been reported in asian elephants in india and sri lanka, but to date there have been no reported cases in thailand. elisa or indirect hemagglutination assays (iha) have been demonstrated to be able to detect the antibody against the disease in cattle, but no data are available for elephants. the present study reports a novel in-house indirect elisa for antibody detection of ha ...201728088341
aqueous humor antimicrobial activity: in vitro analysis after topical 0.5% chloramphenicol application.to assess aqueous humor antimicrobial activity in vitro after topical 0.5% chloramphenicol application.201728085501
occurrence of pasteurella multocida among pigs with respiratory disease in china between 2011 and 2015.prior to the 1990s, p. multocida capsular serogroup a was the most prevalent in china, followed by serogroups b and d. thirty years later, serogroup d became the most prevalent, followed by serogroups a and b. however, the p. multocida capsular serogroups currently circulating in china remain unclear. therefore, the aim of the present study was to provide an update on p. multocida serogroups isolated from diagnostic samples collected from clinically diseased pigs in central and eastern china fro ...201728078081
pathogens, patterns of pneumonia, and epidemiologic risk factors associated with respiratory disease in recently weaned cattle in ireland.we examined the pathogens, morphologic patterns, and risk factors associated with bovine respiratory disease (brd) in 136 recently weaned cattle ("weanlings"), 6-12 mo of age, that were submitted for postmortem examination to regional veterinary laboratories in ireland. a standardized sampling protocol included routine microbiologic investigations as well as polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. lungs with histologic lesions were categorized into 1 of 5 morphologic patterns of pneu ...201728074713
comparative genomics analysis of two different virulent bovine pasteurella multocida isolates.the pasteurella multocida capsular type a isolates can cause pneumonia and bovine respiratory disease (brd). in this study, comparative genomics analysis was carried out to identify the virulence genes in two different virulent p. multocida capsular type a isolates (high virulent pmcq2 and low virulent pmcq6). the draft genome sequence of pmcq2 is 2.32 mbp and contains 2,002 protein-coding genes, 9 insertion sequence (is) elements, and 1 prophage region. the draft genome sequence of pmcq6 is 2.2 ...201628070502
development of a one-run real-time pcr detection system for pathogens associated with bovine respiratory disease complex.bovine respiratory disease complex (brdc) is frequently found in cattle worldwide. the etiology of brdc is complicated by infections with multiple pathogens, making identification of the causal pathogen difficult. here, we developed a detection system by applying taqman real-time pcr (dembo respiratory-pcr) to screen a broad range of microbes associated with brdc in a single run. we selected 16 bovine respiratory pathogens (bovine viral diarrhea virus, bovine coronavirus, bovine parainfluenza vi ...201728070089
new interpretive criteria for danofloxacin antibacterial susceptibility testing against mannheimia haemolytica and pasteurella multocida associated with bovine respiratory disease.danofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent approved for use in veterinary medicine to treat and control bovine respiratory disease caused by mannheimia haemolytica or pasteurella multocida. susceptible minimal inhibitory concentration (mic) breakpoint (≤0.25 µg/ml) and disk diffusion interpretive criteria (≥22 mm) values for danofloxacin against m. haemolytica and p. multocida were first approved by the clinical and laboratory standards institute (clsi) in 2003. however, intermediate ...201728064562
experimental pathogenicity and complete genome characterization of a pig origin pasteurella multocida serogroup f isolate hn07.pasteurella multocida serotype f isolates are predominately prevalent in avian hosts, but rarely seen in pigs. however, we isolated several strains of p. multocida serotype f from clinical samples of pigs in china. to understand the pathogenicity of these strains, one of the serotype f isolates designated hn07, was used to challenge experimental chickens, as p. multocida of this serotype is predominately prevalent in avian hosts. however, strain hn07 could not resulted in significant clinical si ...201728062004
short communication: interaction of the isomers carvacrol and thymol with the antibiotics doxycycline and tilmicosin: in vitro effects against pathogenic bacteria commonly found in the respiratory tract of calves.bovine respiratory disease is the major problem faced by cattle, specially calves, leading to reduced animal performance and increased mortality, consequently causing important economic losses. hence, calves must be submitted to antibiotic therapy to counteract this infection usually initiated by the combination of environmental stress factors and viral infection, altering the animal's defense mechanism, and thus allowing lung colonization by the opportunistic bacteria mannheimia haemolytica and ...201728012625
pasteurella multocida infective endocarditis.pasteurella multocida, a gram-negative facultative anaerobic coccobacillus, is a common oral flora of dogs and cats. p. multocida often causes infection in humans after animal bites and scratches, and human pasteurellosis is generally a locoregional infection. systemic complications, particularly endocarditis, are very rare, except in immunodeficient patients. endocarditis caused by p. multocida can have severe outcomes; hence, surgical treatment is often required. here, a case is described of e ...201527997786
deciphering upper respiratory tract microbiota complexity in healthy calves and calves that develop respiratory disease using shotgun metagenomics.bovine respiratory disease (brd) is a multifactorial disorder responsible for severe economic losses in dairy and feedlot herds. advances in next-generation sequencing mean that microbial communities in clinical samples, including non-culturable bacteria, can be characterized. our aim was to evaluate the microbiota of the upper respiratory tract of healthy calves and calves with brd using whole-genome sequencing (shotgun metagenomics). we performed deep nasopharyngeal swabs on 16 holstein heifer ...201727988122
the membrane localization domains of two distinct bacterial toxins form a 4-helix-bundle in solution.membrane localization domain (mld) was first proposed for a 4-helix-bundle motif in the crystal structure of the c1 domain of pasteurella multocida toxin (pmt). this structure motif is also found in the crystal structures of several clostridial glycosylating toxins (tcda, tcdb, tcsl, and tcna). the ras/rap1-specific endopeptidase (rrsp) module of the multifunctional autoprocessing repeats-in-toxins (martx) toxin produced by vibrio vulnificus has sequence homology to the c1-c2 domains of pmt, inc ...201727977897
potency of marbofloxacin for pig pneumonia pathogens actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and pasteurella multocida: comparison of growth media.pharmacodynamic properties of marbofloxacin were established for six isolates each of the pig respiratory tract pathogens, actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and pasteurella multocida. three in vitro indices of potency were determined; minimum inhibitory concentration (mic), minimum bactericidal concentration (mbc) and mutant prevention concentration (mpc). for mic determination clinical laboratory standards institute guidelines were modified in three respects: (1) comparison was made between two g ...201727940285
high and low-virulent bovine pasteurella multocida capsular type a isolates exhibit different virulence gene expression patterns in vitro and in vivo.pasteurella multocida capsular type a causes respiratory disease in cattle. p. multocida virulence gene expression patterns, especially among different virulent isolates, during in vitro and in vivo growth are poorly understood. here we show that the highly virulent bovine p. multocida capsular type a isolate pmcq2 exhibits a significantly higher growth rate in mice, as compared with a strain of lower virulence, p. multocida capsular type a isolate pmcq6. among the six known and potential virule ...201627939154
activity of florfenicol for actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and pasteurella multocida using standardised versus non-standardised methodology.four indices of antimicrobial potency were determined for florfenicol and the pig pneumonia pathogens, actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and pasteurella multocida. minimum inhibitory concentration (mic), minimum bactericidal concentration (mbc), mutant prevention concentration (mpc) and time-kill curves were determined in two matrices, broth and pig serum. five overlapping sets of two-fold dilutions were used to increase accuracy of the measurements. mic and mbc serum:broth ratios for a. pleuropne ...201627938711
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