Publications

prevalence of antibodies for selected canine pathogens among wolves (canis lupus) from the alaska peninsula, usa.	we collected blood samples from wolves ( canis lupus ) on the alaska peninsula, southwest alaska, us, 2006-11 and tested sera for antibodies to canine adenovirus (cav), canine coronavirus (ccv), canine distemper virus (cdv), canine herpesvirus (chv), canine parainfluenza (cpi), canine parvovirus (cpv), neospora caninum , and toxoplasma gondii . detected antibody prevalence was 90% for cav, 28% for ccv, 12% for cdv, 93% for chv, 0% for cpi, 20% for cpv, 0% for n. caninum, and 86% for t. gondii . ...	2016	27195683
sarcocystis arctica (apicomplexa: sarcocystidae): ultrastructural description and its new host record, the alaskan wolf (canis lupus).	sarcocystis sarcocysts are common in muscles of herbivores but are rare in muscles of carnivores. here, we report sarcocysts in the muscles of a gray wolf (canis lupus) from alaska, usa, for the first time. sarcocysts extracted from the tongue of the wolf were up to 900 μm long and slender and appeared to have a relatively thin wall by light microscope. by transmission electron microscopy, the sarcocyst wall most closely resembled "type 9c," and had a wavy parasitophorous vacuolar membrane folde ...	2016	27112760
single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) variation of wolves (canis lupus) in southeast alaska and comparison with wolves, dogs, and coyotes in north america.	there is considerable interest in the genetics of wolves (canis lupus) because of their close relationship to domestic dogs (c. familiaris) and the need for informed conservation and management. this includes wolf populations in southeast alaska for which we determined genotypes of 305 wolves at 173662 single nucleotide polymorphism (snp) loci. after removal of invariant and linked snp, 123801 snp were used to quantify genetic differentiation of wolves in southeast alaska and wolves, coyotes (c. ...	2015	25429025
impacts of breeder loss on social structure, reproduction and population growth in a social canid.	the importance of individuals to the dynamics of populations may depend on reproductive status, especially for species with complex social structure. loss of reproductive individuals in socially complex species could disproportionately affect population dynamics by destabilizing social structure and reducing population growth. alternatively, compensatory mechanisms such as rapid replacement of breeders may result in little disruption. the impact of breeder loss on the population dynamics of soci ...	2015	25041127
mercury in gray wolves (canis lupus) in alaska: increased exposure through consumption of marine prey.	mercury (hg) bioaccumulates in the tissues of organisms and biomagnifies within food-webs. gray wolves (canis lupus) in alaska primarily acquire hg through diet; therefore, comparing the extent of hg exposure in wolves, in conjunction with stable isotopes, from interior and coastal regions of alaska offers important insight into their feeding ecology. liver, kidney, and skeletal muscle samples from 162 gray wolves were analyzed for total mercury (thg) concentrations and stable isotopic signature ...	2014	24056451
going coastal: shared evolutionary history between coastal british columbia and southeast alaska wolves (canis lupus).	many coastal species occupying the temperate rainforests of the pacific northwest in north america comprise endemic populations genetically and ecologically distinct from interior continental conspecifics. morphological variation previously identified among wolf populations resulted in recognition of multiple subspecies of wolves in the pacific northwest. recently, separate genetic studies have identified diverged populations of wolves in coastal british columbia and coastal southeast alaska, pr ...	2011	21573241
molecular identification of taenia spp. in wolves (canis lupus), brown bears (ursus arctos) and cervids from north europe and alaska.	taenia tapeworms of finnish and swedish wolves (canis lupus) and finnish brown bears (ursus arctos), and muscle cysticerci of svalbard reindeer (rangifer tarandus platyrhynchus), alaskan grant's caribou (rangifer tarandus granti) and alaskan moose (alces americanus) were identified on the basis of the nucleotide sequence of a 396bp region of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 gene. two species were found from wolves: taenia hydatigena and taenia krabbei. the cysticerci of reindeer, ...	2011	21571090
cadmium, copper, iron, and zinc concentrations in kidneys of grey wolves, canis lupus, from alaska, idaho, montana (usa) and the northwest territories (canada).	cadmium, copper, iron, and zinc levels were measured in the kidneys of 115 grey wolves (canis lupus) from idaho, montana and alaska (united states), and from the northwest territories (canada). no significant differences in the levels of iron or copper were observed between locations, but wolf kidneys from more northern locations had significantly higher cadmium levels (alaska > northwest territories > montana ≈ idaho), and wolves from alaska showed significantly higher zinc than other locations ...	2010	20972865
neospora caninum and toxoplasma gondii antibody prevalence in alaska wildlife.	free-ranging caribou and moose populations in some regions of alaska undergo periodic declines in numbers. caribou and moose are managed by the state as valuable resources for not only sustenance and subsistence, but also for cultural heritage. incidence and prevalence of diseases that may impact herd health and recruitment from year to year are relevant to management decisions aimed to protect the long-term viability of these herds. neospora caninum and toxoplasma gondii are two apicomplexan pa ...	2010	20688628
are inland wolf-ungulate systems influenced by marine subsidies of pacific salmon?	wolves (canis lupus) in north america are considered obligate predators of ungulates with other food resources playing little role in wolf population dynamics or wolf prey relations. however, spawning pacific salmon (oncorhyncus spp.) are common throughout wolf range in northwestern north america and may provide a marine subsidy affecting inland wolf-ungulate food webs far from the coast. we conducted stable-isotope analyses for nitrogen and carbon to evaluate the contribution of salmon to diets ...	2010	20349845
hair analysis in sled dogs (canis lupus familiaris) illustrates a linkage of mercury exposure along the yukon river with human subsistence food systems.	the dog has been an important biomedical research model and hair samples from sled dogs could be used as a biomarker of exposure to metals. hair samples were used as a non-invasive indicator of mercury exposure in sled dogs fed commercial food and traditional village diets. sled dog populations living in rural new york and alaska were sampled in 2005 and 2006. total mercury (thg) content was determined on the entire hair sample in sled dogs from reference sites in north creek, new york and salch ...	2007	17707466
dla-drb1, dqa1, and dqb1 alleles and haplotypes in north american gray wolves.	the canine major histocompatibility complex contains highly polymorphic genes, many of which are critical in regulating immune response. since domestic dogs evolved from gray wolves (canis lupus), common dla class ii alleles should exist. sequencing was used to characterize 175 gray wolves for dla class ii alleles, and data from 1856 dogs, covering 85 different breeds of mostly european origin, were available for comparison. within wolves, 28 new alleles were identified, all occurring in at leas ...	2007	17611255
geographic pattern of serum antibody prevalence for brucella spp. in caribou, grizzly bears, and wolves from alaska, 1975-1998.	blood samples were collected from 2,635 caribou (rangifer tarandus), 1,238 grizzly bears (ursus arctos), and 930 wolves (canis lupus) from throughout mainland alaska during 1975-98. sera were tested for evidence of exposure to brucella spp. serum antibody prevalences were highest in the northwestern region of the state. in any specific area, antibody prevalences for caribou and wolves were of a similar magnitude, whereas antibody prevalence for bears in these same areas were two to three times h ...	2006	17092888
serologic survey for selected disease agents in wolves (canis lupus) from alaska and the yukon territory, 1984-2000.	wolves (canis lupus) were captured in several geographic areas of alaska (usa) and the yukon territory (canada) during 1984-2000. blood was collected from 1,122 animals. sera were tested for antibodies against infectious canine hepatitis virus (ich), canine distemper virus (cdv), canine parvovirus (cpv), francisella tularensis, and serovars of leptospira interrogans. antibody prevalence for ich was >84% for all areas. area-specific prevalences of antibodies ranged from 12% to 70% for cpv, from 0 ...	2004	15650081
legacy lost: genetic variability and population size of extirpated us grey wolves (canis lupus).	by the mid 20th century, the grey wolf (canis lupus) was exterminated from most of the conterminous united states (cus) and mexico. however, because wolves disperse over long distances, extant populations in canada and alaska might have retained a substantial proportion of the genetic diversity once found in the cus. we analysed mitochondrial dna sequences of 34 pre-extermination wolves and found that they had more than twice the diversity of their modern conspecifics, implying a historic popula ...	2005	15643947
studies on the helminth fauna of alaska. xxxiv. the parasites of wolves, canis lupus l.		1959	13673343
serologic survey for canine coronavirus in wolves from alaska.	wolves (canis lupus) were captured in three areas of interior alaska (usa). four hundred twenty-five sera were tested for evidence of exposure to canine coronavirus by means of an indirect fluorescent antibody procedure. serum antibody prevalence averaged 70% (167/240) during the spring collection period and 25% (46/185) during the autumn collection period. prevalence was 0% (0/42) in the autumn pup cohort (age 4-5 mo), and 60% (58/97) in the spring pup cohort (age 9-10 mo). prevalence was lowes ...	2001	11763737
serologic survey for toxoplasma gondii in selected wildlife species from alaska.	blood was collected from selected wildlife species in specific areas of alaska (usa) during 1976-96. a modified agglutination test was used to test sera for evidence of exposure to toxoplasma gondii. serum antibody prevalence was 43% (62 positive of 143 tested) for black bears (ursus americanus), 9% (11/125) for wolves (canis lupus), 7% (22/319) for dall sheep (ovis dalli), 6% (14/241) for caribou (rangifer tarandus), 1% (3/240) for moose (alces alces), and 1% (2/241) for bison (bison bison). a ...	2000	10813602
trichinella sp. in wolves from interior alaska.	tongue samples were collected from 148 wolf (canis lupus) carcasses during 1993 and 1994 near fairbanks (alaska, usa). a standard peptic digestion procedure was used to detect trichinella sp. larvae. larvae were found in 54 of 148 (36%) samples. there was no significant difference in sex-specific prevalence. prevalence was significantly related to age. there was no relationship between the number of larvae/g of host tissue and the age or sex of the host. trichinella spp. infection may cause illn ...	1999	10073354
occurrence of rabies in wolves of alaska.	we describe a rabies epizootic in northwest alaska (usa) during 1989 and 1990 which resulted in mortality to several different wolf (canis lupus) packs. four radio-collared wolves were confirmed to have rabies while evidence for seven others was strongly suggestive but not confirmed. the wolf population declined during the rabies epizootic; thus rabies may have been a significant limiting factor.	1997	9131553
occurrence of rabies in a wolf population in northeastern alaska.	nine alaskan wolves (canis lupus) were found dead during spring and summer 1985; five of seven animals tested for rabies virus were positive. the 1985 epizootic altered annual den use patterns by wolves in northeastern alaska, but did not appear to affect population size. we propose that rabies in arctic wolves may be more common than previously thought.	1995	7563430
comparison and assessment of drugs used to immobilize alaskan gray wolves (canis lupus) and wolverines (gulo gulo) from a helicopter.	one hundred and three alaskan gray wolves and 12 wolverines were immobilized in the nelchina and upper susitna river basins of southcentral alaska between march 1977 and may 1981. sixty-five wolves were immobilized with a mixture of phencyclidine hcl and promazine hcl (pp/hcl); 38 wolves were immobilized with etorphine hcl (ehcl) and 12 wolverines were immobilized with ehcl or with a mixture of ehcl and xylazine hcl (xhcl). phencyclidine hcl is no longer commercially available and an assessment ...	1982	7131656
trichodectes canis on the gray wolf and coyote on kenai peninsula, alaska.		1983	6644943
serologic survey for canine distemper and infectious canine hepatitis in wolves in alaska.	sera from 57 wolves (canis lupus) in three areas of alaska were evaluated for evidence of previous exposure to infectious canine hepatitis virus (ichv) and canine distemper virus (cdv). fifty-four sera (94.7%) were positive for ichv exposure and four (7%) were positive for cdv exposure. all four cdv-reacting wolves also had titres to ichv. the relatively common occurrence of ichv exposure may be due to the greater resistance of ichv to chemical and physical agents and its transmissibility via th ...	1982	6296469
notes on the captive wolf (canis lupus) colony, barrow, alaska.		1973	4711825
further observations on rangiferine brucellosis in alaskan carnivores.	antibodies against rangiferine brucellosis, brucella suis type 4, are commonly found in the serum of various domestic and wild alaskian carnivores which feed on caribou, rangifer tarandus granti, arctic alaska. sled dogs from five native villages on the range of the artic caribou herd, but not from two villages on the the range of the porcupine caribou herd, are commonly infected. wolves (canis lupus) and red foxes (vulpes fulva) are less commonly infected. about 90% of the grizzly bears (ursus ...	1975	1113440