Publications

experimental infections of the porcine foetus with bungowannah virus, a novel pestivirus.	in 2003 an outbreak of sudden deaths occurred in 2-3-week-old pigs on a piggery in new south wales, australia. there was a marked increase in the birth of stillborn pigs and preweaning losses associated with a multifocal non-suppurative myocarditis with myonecrosis. the aim of this study was to amplify any infectious agents present in field material to aid the detection and identification of the causative agent of the porcine myocarditis syndrome (pmc). foetuses were directly inoculated in utero ...	2010	20079981
identification of risk factors for sub-optimal housing conditions in australian piggeries: part 4. emission factors and study recommendations.	the internal concentrations and emission rates of ammonia (nh3), total bacteria, respirable endotoxins, and inhalable and respirable particles were monitored in 160 piggery buildings in four states of australia (queensland, victoria, western australia, and south australia) between autumn 1997 and autumn 1999. emissions were calculated for individual buildings as a product of internal concentration and ventilation rate, which were estimated by a carbon dioxide balance method. relative humidity an ...	2008	18376535
identification of risk factors for sub-optimal housing conditions in australian piggeries: part 3. environmental parameters.	between autumn 1997 and autumn 1999, we measured ventilation rates (using a co2 balance method), air temperatures, and relative humidity (using self-contained dataloggers with built-in sensors) in 160 pig housing facilities in queensland, south australia, victoria, and western australia, in each case over a 60 h period. in some buildings, the internal air velocities above the animals were also recorded. while the monitoring instruments were being set up, a detailed questionnaire was used to coll ...	2008	18376534
drowning, haemodilution, haemolysis and staining of the intima of the aortic root-- preliminary observations.	in order to demonstrate that hyponatraemia due to haemodilution occurs within the left ventricle following freshwater drowning, and to determine whether lysed blood resulting from left ventricular haemodilution may cause staining of the aortic intima, the following studies were undertaken. measurements of left ventricular sodium levels were performed in 74 consecutive coronial cases where death was attributed to drowning, consisting of 44 and 30 deceased who were believed to be victims of freshw ...	2006	16488651
the detection of porcine circovirus in the australian pig herd.	to determine if porcine circovirus (pcv) type 1 (pcv1) or type 2 (pcv2) is present in the australian pig herd, to conduct preliminary genetic characterisation of any viruses detected, and to determine if there is any obvious virological reason why post-weaning multisystemic wasting disease (pmws), associated with pcv infection in other countries, has not been detected in australia.	2005	15957393
mosquito host-feeding patterns and implications for japanese encephalitis virus transmission in northern australia and papua new guinea.	japanese encephalitis (je) virus spread to northern australia during the 1990s, transmitted by culex annulirostris skuse and other mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae). to determine the relative importance of various hosts for potential vectors of je virus, we investigated the host-feeding patterns of mosquitoes in northern australia and western province of papua new guinea, with particular attention to pigs, sus scrofa l. - the main amplifying host of je virus in south-east asia. mosquitoes were col ...	2003	14651654
preventing transmission of sarcoptic mange from sows to their offspring by injection of ivermectin. effects on swine production.	a blind and controlled field study was conducted on a pig farm in australia to evaluate the activity of 1% ivermectin solution when injected into pregnant sows that were naturally infested with mites. the study was designed to appreciate the tolerance of the product on sows (litter size, litter birth weights, litter weaning weights, pre-weaning mortality) and to show the effects of sarcoptic mange on the growth performances of their offspring. twenty sows were selected and ranked on day-10, prio ...	2002	12446087
phylogenetic relationships of asian and european pig breeds determined by mitochondrial dna d-loop sequence polymorphism.	phylogenetic relationships among asian and european pig breeds were assessed using 1036 bp of mitochondrial dna (mtdna) d-loop sequences. an unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic mean (upgma) tree was constructed on the basis of maximum likelihood distances using sequences determined for three cheju (korea), 11 chinese, one westran (australian feral origin) and two european pigs (berkshire and welsh), and also published sequences for four japanese (including two wild boars), one yucatan m ...	2002	11849133
profiles of currents during electrical stunning.		2001	11837908
entomological investigations of an outbreak of japanese encephalitis virus in the torres strait, australia, in 1998.	japanese encephalitis (je) virus first appeared in australia in 1995, when three clinical cases (two fatal) were diagnosed in residents on badu island in the torres strait, northern queensland. more recently, two confirmed human je cases were reported in the torres strait islands and cape york peninsula, in northern queensland in 1998. shortly after je virus activity was detected in humans and sentinel pigs on badu island in 1998, adult mosquitoes were collected using co2 and octenol-baited cdc ...	2001	11476340
flaviviruses isolated from mosquitoes collected during the first recorded outbreak of japanese encephalitis virus on cape york peninsula, australia.	in response to an outbreak of japanese encephalitis (je) virus on cape york peninsula, australia, in 1998, mosquitoes were collected using co2 and octenol-baited centers for disease control and prevention light traps. a total of 35,235 adult mosquitoes, comprising 31 species, were processed for virus isolation. no isolates of je virus were recovered from these mosquitoes. however, 18 isolates of kokobera virus, another flavivirus were obtained from culex annulirostris. twelve isolates were from ...	2001	11442206
characterisation of the kappa light chain of the brushtail possum (trichosurus vulpecula).	two full length cdna sequences encoding the kappa light chain of the australian marsupial, trichosurus vulpecula, the brushtail possum, were isolated from a mesenteric lymph node cdna library. the constant regions (ckappa) of the two light chains were identical, but the variable (vkappa) and joining (jkappa) regions were different. at the amino acid level, possum ckappa was most similar to ckappa of an american marsupial, monodelphis domestica (75%), with similarity to eutherian ckappa ranging f ...	2001	11292532
prevalence and geographic origin of pigs with serological evidence of infection with leptospira interrogans serovar pomona slaughtered in abattoirs in victoria, australia.	a set of 10,440 sera was collected from pigs slaughtered at victorian abattoirs. these sera were subjected to the microscopic agglutination test for antibodies to leptospira interrogans serovar pomona. identification of the herd of origin was possible for 6511 pigs, and these were derived from 167 herds in victoria (84% of sera), from 32 herds in new south wales (8% of sera) and 29 herds in south australia (8% of sera). the overall prevalence of titres of 512 and above was 3.7%. this was higher ...	1998	9791870
haemolytic-uraemic syndrome outbreak caused by escherichia coli o111:h-: clinical outcomes.	in south australia in 1995, we treated 20 children with haemolytic-uraemic syndrome associated with escherichia coli o111:h-. the source of the outbreak was contaminated locally produced semi-dry fermented sausage (mettwurst). one child died of multiple haemorrhagic cerebral infarcts. eighteen children required renal dialysis (for a median of 14 days); 12 months after discharge five still had significant impairment of renal function. other major complications included colonic necrosis (3), cereb ...	1998	9640305
the gastrointestinal absorption of plutonium and americium in rats and guinea pigs after ingestion of dusts from the former nuclear weapons site at maralinga: implications for human exposure.	the gastrointestinal absorption of plutonium and americium present in dusts from the maralinga test sites in south australia has been measured as an input to dose assessments. the materials studied were from three different areas, designated taranaki (q380ii), tm100 (10/2) and n. plume (26). the three dusts were fed to groups of rats, mixed with their normal food. the taranaki and tm100 dusts were also fed to guinea pigs, as a suspension in water. expressed as fractional absorption from the gast ...	1994	8209224
molecular fingerprinting of pasteurella multocida associated with progressive atrophic rhinitis in swine herds.	ninety-six nasal isolates of pasteurella multocida from swine herds with progressive atrophic rhinitis were characterized by restriction endonuclease analysis (rea) of whole-cell dna, ribotyping, and plasmid analysis. for rea, bacterial dna was digested with smai and electrophoresed in 0.7% agarose, and fragments were visualized with uv light. for ribotyping, ecori-digested and electrophoresed restriction fragments of whole-cell dna were transferred to nitrocellulose membranes, hybridized with g ...	1994	7532013
the kangaroo island strain of pig in biomedical research.	the feral pig from kangaroo island, south australia, has descended from british breeds released onto the island by early explorers approximately 180 years ago. it has developed into a smaller pig than the modern commercial equivalent, with distinctive and reproducible physical characteristics and a physiology which appears to bestow on it some advantages in terms of fitness and vigour. it has adapted easily to laboratory and intensive piggery conditions where it has reproduced satisfactorily. it ...	1981	7271607
legionnaires' disease in south australia. prevalence and diagnosis.	legionella pneumophila was successfully isolated from sputum, and from respiratory secretions obtained by tracheal aspiration, of two patients with legionnaires' disease by means of guinea pigs and charcoal yeast extract agar. direct culture of lung tissue from one of these patients gave a pure growth of l. pneumophila. in both cases, legionellas were isolated from specimens which were collected several days after treatment with erythromycin began. direct fluorescent antibody tests on these spec ...	1980	6993890
an abattoir survey of the prevalence of lesions of enzootic pneumonia of pigs in south australia.		1984	6534362
enzootic pneumonia of pigs in south australia--factors relating to incidence of disease.	environmental and management conditions of 15 herds with a high-prevalence (greater than 70%) of enzootic pneumonia of pigs at slaughter were compared with 16 herds with a low-prevalence (less than 30%) to determine factors commonly predisposing pigs to enzootic pneumonia in south australia. comparisons were made of herds having greater than 100 sows (fully intensive units) and also small herds having 20 to 70 sows (sideline units). half the herds were visited in summer and half in winter to det ...	1985	4015562
the efficiency of various collection techniques for sampling culex annulirostris in southeastern australia.	dry-ice (co2) baited evs (encephalitis virus surveillance) light traps collected significantly more culex annulirostris than unbaited evs or cdc light traps, chicken-, guinea pig- and rabbit-baited evs traps, or cubic foot resting boxes. results from the animal-baited traps indicated a preference for bird versus mammal bait. females sampled by the resting boxes had significantly lower parity rates than females sampled by dry-ice baited evs traps. parity rates were generally similar among females ...	1985	3880265
toxigenic type d pasteurella multocida in new south wales pig herds--prevalence and factors associated with infection.	between march and july 1987, a study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of and factors associated with toxigenic type d pasteurella multocida infection in new south wales pig herds. toxigenic type d p. multocida was isolated from the nasal cavities of pigs in one (2%) of 50 randomly selected herds. toxigenic isolates were also recovered from 2 (8%) of a separate group of 25 herds that had purchased pigs from a known infected piggery in south australia (herd sa). snout abnormalities were ...	1989	2818358
streptococcus suis isolated from pigs in south australia.		1989	2619656
internal parasites from pigs in south australia.		1990	2085300
seasonality of sarcoptic mange in pigs in south australia.	retrospective analysis of records, from july 1987 to june 1991, of 1140 inspections of slaughtered pigs from 154 swine herds in the pig health monitoring scheme of south australia was conducted to evaluate patterns of variation in the prevalence and severity of skin lesions typical of sarcoptic mange. an increase in the severity of sarcoptic mange in winter and spring was observed. there was a substantial reduction in the severity of mange over the period of monitoring. these observations suppor ...	1991	1807245
australian-german collaborative studies on the immunology of sarcocystis infections.	this paper reviews a decade of collaborative studies performed between two laboratories in germany and australia on the life cycle, pathogenicity and immunology of infections by the cyst-forming sporozoan parasites sarcocystis spp. in domestic animals. experimental transmission studies demonstrated that certain parasite species could cause an acute clinical disease in sheep and pigs severely affecting their health, productivity and reproductivity. despite the high prevalence of infections found ...	1992	1610015
antibody to togaviruses in the northern territory and adjoining areas of australia.	antibody to flaviviruses murray valley encephalitis (mve) and kunjin and to alphaviruses ross river and sindbis were found in many aboriginal children and adults bled in central australia in 1974 after several cases of mve occurred there as part of a widespread epidemic. antibody was also detected in sera taken in the period 1968 to 1973, but in a much lower proportion, suggesting both that the 1974 epidemic had caused frequent sub-clinical infection and that infection had occurred in the arid c ...	1977	901314
the prevalence of sarcosporidiosis in australian meat animals.	the prevalence of sarcocystis infectious in tasmanian sheep, cattle and pigs was assessed during february 1974. serological results indicated that over 90% of sheep and cattle were infected. macroscopic sarcocysts were found in 0.6% of lambs, 8.8% of 2- to 6-tooth (1 to 4 years old) sheep and 66% of full-mouth (4 years and older) sheep. the minimum prevalence in pigs, as determined by microscopic examination of muscle tissues, was 1.4% for animals less than 12 months old and 16.7% for animals ol ...	1975	812465
enterocolitis due to yersinia enterocolitica in south australia.	from august 1976 to july 1977, all faecal specimens (3298) sent to the enteric department of the institute of medical and veterinary science, adelaide were selectively cultured for yersinia enterocolitica. yersinia enterocolitica was isolated from three patients with diarrhoea, one of whom acquired her infection overseas. these organisms were not isolated from faecal or lymph node material collected from a limited number of sheep and pigs found to have enteritis at the time of slaughter. enteric ...	1979	431980