Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| host and viral traits predict zoonotic spillover from mammals. | the majority of human emerging infectious diseases are zoonotic, with viruses that originate in wild mammals of particular concern (for example, hiv, ebola and sars). understanding patterns of viral diversity in wildlife and determinants of successful cross-species transmission, or spillover, are therefore key goals for pandemic surveillance programs. however, few analytical tools exist to identify which host species are likely to harbour the next human virus, or which viruses can cross species ... | 2017 | 28636590 |
| interaction of host cellular proteins with components of the hepatitis delta virus. | the hepatitis delta virus (hdv) is the smallest known rna pathogen capable of propagation in the human host and causes substantial global morbidity and mortality. due to its small size and limited protein coding capacity, hdv is exquisitely reliant upon host cellular proteins to facilitate its transcription and replication. remarkably, hdv does not encode an rna-dependent rna polymerase which is traditionally required to catalyze rna-templated rna synthesis. furthermore, hdv lacks enzymes respon ... | 2010 | 21994607 |
| Squalamine as a broad-spectrum systemic antiviral agent with therapeutic potential. | Antiviral compounds that increase the resistance of host tissues represent an attractive class of therapeutic. Here, we show that squalamine, a compound previously isolated from the tissues of the dogfish shark (Squalus acanthias) and the sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus), exhibits broad-spectrum antiviral activity against human pathogens, which were studied in vitro as well as in vivo. Both RNA- and DNA-enveloped viruses are shown to be susceptible. The proposed mechanism involves the capacity o ... | 2011 | 21930925 |
| selection of the most potent specific on/off adaptor-hepatitis delta virus ribozymes for use in gene targeting. | the hepatitis delta virus (hdv) ribozyme, which is well adapted to the environment of the human cell, is an excellent candidate for the future development of gene-inactivation systems. on top of this, a new generation of hdv ribozymes now exists that benefits from the addition of a specific on/off adaptor (specifically the sofa-hdv ribozymes) which greatly increases both the ribozyme's specificity and its cleavage activity. unlike rnai and hammerhead ribozymes, the designing of sofa-hdv ribozyme ... | 2011 | 21793786 |
| in vivo interaction of the hepatitis delta virus small antigen with the elav-like protein hur. | the small and large delta antigens (s-hdag and l-hdag, respectively) represent two forms of the only protein encoded by the hepatitis delta virus (hdv) rna genome. consequently, hdv relies, at a large extent, on the host cell machinery for replication and transcription. until now, only a limited number of cellular proteins were identified as s-hdag or l-hdag partners being involved in the modulation of the virus life cycle. in an attempt to identify cellular s-hdag-binding proteins we made use o ... | 2011 | 21660185 |
| hepatitis associated aplastic anemia: a review. | hepatitis-associated aplastic anemia (haaa) is an uncommon but distinct variant of aplastic anemia in which pancytopenia appears two to three months after an acute attack of hepatitis. haaa occurs most frequently in young male children and is lethal if leave untreated. the etiology of this syndrome is proposed to be attributed to various hepatitis and non hepatitis viruses. several hepatitis viruses such as hav, hbv, hcv, hdv, hev and hgv have been associated with this set of symptoms. viruses o ... | 2011 | 21352606 |
| molecular epidemiology of hepatitis d virus infection among injecting drug users with and without human immunodeficiency virus infection in taiwan. | an outbreak of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection occurred among injecting drug users (idu) in taiwan between 2003 and 2006, when an extremely high prevalence of hepatitis c virus (hcv) infection was also detected. to determine whether clusters of hepatitis d virus (hdv) infection occurred in this outbreak, 4 groups of subjects were studied: group 1, hiv-infected idu (n = 904); group 2, hiv-infected non-idu (n = 880); group 3, hiv-uninfected idu (n = 211); and group 4, hiv-uninfected n ... | 2010 | 21191061 |
| seroprevalence of hcv and its co-infection with hbv and hiv among liver disease patients of south tamil nadu. | to determine the seroprevalence of hepatitis c virus (hcv) and its co-infection with hepatitis b virus (hbv), hepatitis delta agent (hdv) and human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) among liver disease patients of south tamil nadu. | 2010 | 21160955 |
| hepatitis b virus: from diagnosis to treatment. | during the next few decades, vaccination against hepatitis b virus (hbv) will dramatically change the epidemiological profile of this worldwide infection especially when heath policies encourage including hbv vaccination program for the newborns. however, it is still estimated that more than 2000millions living people have met hbv. symptomatic hepatitis with jaundice is less frequent than asymptomatic infection; however, as much as 350millions of individuals remain chronically infected by hbv. i ... | 2010 | 20580167 |
| quantitative detection and typing of hepatitis d virus in human serum by real-time polymerase chain reaction and melting curve analysis. | hepatitis d virus (hdv) infection is an important etiologic agent of fulminant hepatitis and may aggravate the clinical course of chronic hepatitis b infection resulting in cirrhosis and liver failure. this report describes the establishment of a real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction method that allows the quantitative detection of hdv-1 and hdv-3 with a sensitivity in a linear range of 2 x 10(3) to 10(8) copies/ml. additionally, the new assay provides the opportunity to dist ... | 2010 | 20466196 |
| cryptogenic cirrhosis: a vanishing entity. | the diagnosis of cryptogenic cirrhosis (cirrhosis of unknown etiology) has dramatically decreased, following the discovery of hepatitis b virus (1965), hepatitis d virus (1977), hepatitis c virus (1989). improving the diagnostic criteria for autoimmune hepatitis, by devising the scoring system and the recognition of the fact that nonalcoholic steatohepatitis can progress to cirrhosis (in 8 to 10 years), further reduced the diagnosis of cryptogenic cirrhosis. establishing the etiology of cirrhosi ... | 2009 | 20329442 |
| investigating a new generation of ribozymes in order to target hcv. | for a long time nucleic acid-based approaches directed towards controlling the propagation of hepatitis c virus (hcv) have been considered to possess high potential. towards this end, ribozymes (i.e. rna enzymes) that specifically recognize and subsequently catalyze the cleavage of their rna substrate present an attractive molecular tool. here, the unique properties of a new generation of ribozymes are taken advantage of in order to develop an efficient and durable ribozyme-based technology with ... | 2010 | 20224783 |
| evolving clinical landscape of chronic hepatitis b: a multicenter italian study. | the aim of the study was to evaluate the characteristics of chronic hepatitis b with special reference to the geographical origin of the patients and to the prevalence of hbeag and viral and non-viral co-factors of liver disease. a cross-sectional multicenter survey was undertaken, which enrolled 1,386 hbsag chronic carriers observed consecutively in 21 referral centers over a 6-month period. the prevalence of hbeag in patients was 11%; the presence of hbeag was associated independently with a y ... | 2009 | 19856477 |
| characteristics of treatment naïve chronic hepatitis b in bangladesh: younger populations are more affected; hbeag-negatives are more advanced. | bangladesh is a densely populated country with intermediate endemicity for chronic hepatitis b (chb). the aim of the present study was to evaluate the biochemical, virological and histological character of chb patients and to examine the relationship between these indices. | 2008 | 19568488 |
| the hepatitis delta virus rna genome interacts with eef1a1, p54(nrb), hnrnp-l, gapdh and asf/sf2. | because of its extremely limited coding capacity, the hepatitis delta virus (hdv) takes over cellular machineries for its replication and propagation. despite the functional importance of host factors in both hdv biology and pathogenicity, little is known about proteins that associate with its rna genome. here, we report the identification of several host proteins interacting with an rna corresponding to the right terminal stem-loop domain of hdv genomic rna, using mass spectrometry on a uv cros ... | 2009 | 19464723 |
| hepatitis delta virus epigenetically enhances clusterin expression via histone acetylation in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. | both isoforms of the hepatitis delta antigen (hdag) of hepatitis delta virus (hdv) are highly associated with virus proliferation and may act as co-activators of cellular gene expression. human hepatocellular carcinoma (hcc) cell line huh7, which stably expresses hdags, was differentially screened and the results showed that clusterin gene expression was enhanced. the mechanisms for hdag-mediated clusterin gene upregulation were investigated. expression of hdags was associated with enhanced hist ... | 2009 | 19264665 |
| the hepatitis delta virus rna genome interacts with the human rna polymerases i and iii. | the hepatitis delta virus (hdv) relies on human transcriptional machinery for its replication and transcription. although the involvement of rna polymerase ii in hdv rna biosynthesis is established, the contribution of additional polymerases remains uncertain. here, we demonstrate the interaction of both rna polymerase i and iii with hdv rna, both in vitro and in human cells. binding of these polymerases occurs near the terminal stem-loop domains of both polarities of the hdv rna genome. based o ... | 2009 | 19246067 |
| general base catalysis for cleavage by the active-site cytosine of the hepatitis delta virus ribozyme: qm/mm calculations establish chemical feasibility. | the hepatitis delta virus (hdv) ribozyme is an rna motif embedded in human pathogenic hdv rna. previous experimental studies have established that the active-site nucleotide c75 is essential for self-cleavage of the ribozyme, although its exact catalytic role in the process remains debated. structural data from x-ray crystallography generally indicate that c75 acts as the general base that initiates catalysis by deprotonating the 2'-oh nucleophile at the cleavage site, while a hydrated magnesium ... | 2008 | 18686993 |
| use of replacement blood donors to study the epidemiology of major blood-borne viruses in the general population of maputo, mozambique. | the seroprevalence rates of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), human t-cell leukemia/lymphoma virus (htlv), hepatitis b virus (hbv), hepatitis d virus (hdv), and hepatitis c virus (hcv) in mozambique are poorly documented. the epidemiology of these infections was studied in the maputo region. all donors attending the blood bank during the study period were interviewed and underwent serological and molecular tests for markers of virus exposure. thus, 1,578 consecutive replacement blood donors we ... | 2007 | 17935167 |
| recovery of genetically defined murine norovirus in tissue culture by using a fowlpox virus expressing t7 rna polymerase. | despite the significant disease burden caused by human norovirus infection, an efficient tissue-culture system for these viruses remains elusive. murine norovirus (mnv) is an ideal surrogate for the study of norovirus biology, as the virus replicates efficiently in tissue culture and a low-cost animal model is readily available. in this report, a reverse-genetics system for mnv is described, using a fowlpox virus (fwpv) recombinant expressing t7 rna polymerase to recover genetically defined mnv ... | 2007 | 17622609 |
| hepatitis b, delta and human immunodeficiency virus infections among omani patients with renal diseases: a seroprevalence study. | the prevalence of hepatitis b virus (hbv), hepatitis delta virus (hdv), and human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infections were determined in 102 patients on regular hemodialysis, 82 kidney recipients and 1030 nondialyzed, nontransplanted patients with various renal diseases. the prevalence rates of hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) in dialysis and renal transplant patients (12.7% and 11.0% respectively) were significantly higher than the rate in a control group of patients who had never been d ... | 1994 | 17586926 |
| low prevalence of hepatitis b virus, hepatitis d virus and hepatitis c virus among patients with human immunodeficiency virus or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in the brazilian amazon basin. | comorbidities in human immunodeficiency virus infection are of great interest due to their association with unfavorable outcomes and failure of antiretroviral therapy. this study evaluated the prevalence of coinfection by human immunodeficiency virus and viral hepatitis in an endemic area for hepatitis b in the western amazon basin. serological markers for hepatitis b virus, hepatitis c virus and hepatitis d virus were tested in a consecutive sample of all patients referred for treatment of huma ... | 2006 | 17308694 |
| two potentially important elements of the hepatitis b virus large envelope protein are dispensable for the infectivity of hepatitis delta virus. | previous studies have attempted to clarify the roles of the pre-s1 and pre-s2 domains of the large envelope protein of hepatitis b virus (hbv) in attachment and entry into susceptible cells. difficulties arise in that these domains contain regions involved in the nucleocapsid assembly of hbv and overlapping with the coding regions of the viral polymerase and rna sequences required for reverse transcription. such difficulties can be circumvented with hepatitis delta virus (hdv), which needs the h ... | 2007 | 17251287 |
| large hepatitis delta antigen modulates transforming growth factor-beta signaling cascades: implication of hepatitis delta virus-induced liver fibrosis. | transforming growth factor-beta (tgf-beta) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of liver disease. tgf-beta is involved in liver regeneration and in the fibrotic and cirrhotic transformation with hepatitis viral infection. hepatitis delta virus (hdv) infection causes fulminant hepatitis and liver cirrhosis. to elucidate the molecular mechanism of hdv pathogenesis, we examined the effects of hdv-encoded-only protein, the small hepatitis delta antigen (shdag), and the large hepatitis delta antig ... | 2007 | 17241884 |
| assembly of hepatitis delta virus: particle characterization, including the ability to infect primary human hepatocytes. | efficient assembly of hepatitis delta virus (hdv) was achieved by cotransfection of huh7 cells with two plasmids: one to provide expression of the large, middle, and small envelope proteins of hepatitis b virus (hbv), the natural helper of hdv, and another to initiate replication of the hdv rna genome. hdv released into the media was assayed for hdv rna and hbv envelope proteins and characterized by rate-zonal sedimentation, immunoaffinity purification, electron microscopy, and the ability to in ... | 2007 | 17229685 |
| a genomewide search for ribozymes reveals an hdv-like sequence in the human cpeb3 gene. | ribozymes are thought to have played a pivotal role in the early evolution of life, but relatively few have been identified in modern organisms. we performed an in vitro selection aimed at isolating self-cleaving rnas from the human genome. the selection yielded several ribozymes, one of which is a conserved mammalian sequence that resides in an intron of the cpeb3 gene, which belongs to a family of genes regulating messenger rna polyadenylation. the cpeb3 ribozyme is structurally and biochemica ... | 2006 | 16990549 |
| the human rna polymerase ii interacts with the terminal stem-loop regions of the hepatitis delta virus rna genome. | the hepatitis delta virus (hdv) is an rna virus that depends on dna-dependent rna polymerase (rnap) for its transcription and replication. while it is generally accepted that rnap ii is involved in hdv replication, its interaction with hdv rna requires confirmation. a monoclonal antibody specific to the carboxy terminal domain of the largest subunit of rnap ii was used to establish the association of rnap ii with both polarities of hdv rna in hela cells. co-immunoprecipitations using hela nuclea ... | 2007 | 16959288 |
| cytotoxic cd4 t cells in viral hepatitis. | cd4+ t cells are thought to contribute to antiviral immune responses by secretion of cytokines thereby providing help to cd8+ t and b cells. however, perforin-positive cytotoxic cd4+ t cells have been described in human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients suggesting a role not only of cd8+ but also of cd4+ t cells for killing virus-infected cells. we investigated 76 patients with viral hepatitis [15 hepatitis b virus (hbv), 22 hbv/hepatitis d virus and 17 hepatitis c virus (hcv)] for cytoto ... | 2006 | 16901280 |
| the nucleolus: reviewing oldies to have new understandings. | the nucleolus is the most prominent compartment in the nucleus and known as the site for ribosome biogenesis in eucaryotes. in contrast, there is no such equivalent structure for ribosome synthesis in procaryotes. this raises two concerns that how does the nucleolus evolve and that whether the nucleolus remains playing a single role in ribosome biogenesis along the evolution. increasing data support new nucleolus functions, including signal recognition particle assembly, small rna modification, ... | 2006 | 16775624 |
| recovery of avian metapneumovirus subgroup c from cdna: cross-recognition of avian and human metapneumovirus support proteins. | avian metapneumovirus (ampv) causes an acute respiratory disease in turkeys and is associated with "swollen head syndrome" in chickens, contributing to significant economic losses for the u.s. poultry industry. with a long-term goal of developing a better vaccine for controlling ampv in the united states, we established a reverse genetics system to produce infectious ampv of subgroup c entirely from cdna. a cdna clone encoding the entire 14,150-nucleotide genome of ampv subgroup c strain colorad ... | 2006 | 16731918 |
| robust production of infectious hepatitis c virus (hcv) from stably hcv cdna-transfected human hepatoma cells. | hepatitis c virus (hcv) chronically infects approximately 170 million people worldwide, with an increased risk of developing cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. the study of hcv replication and pathogenesis has been hampered by the lack of an efficient stable cell culture system and small-animal models of hcv infection and propagation. in an effort to develop a robust hcv infection system, we constructed stable human hepatoma cell lines that contain a chromosomally integrated genotype 2a hcv ... | 2005 | 16254332 |
| chronic viral hepatitis in hemodialysis patients. | ever since the first outbreaks of hepatitis in hemodialysis units in the late 1960s, a number of hepatotropic viruses transmitted by blood and other body fluids have been identified. this review summarizes the current state of knowledge regarding these blood-borne agents from an epidemiologic and preventive perspective. data source and study selection were obtained from research and review articles related to the epidemiology of viral hepatitis in hemodialysis and indexed on medline and embase f ... | 2005 | 16191066 |
| a cellular screening assay to test the ability of pkr to induce cell death in mammalian cells. | long double-stranded rna (>30 bp), usually expressed in cells infected with rna viruses, triggers antiviral responses that induce apoptosis of the infected cells. pkr can be selectively activated in glioblastoma cells by in situ generation of dsrna following introduction of antisense rna complementary to an rna expressed specifically in these cells. harnessing pkr for the selective killing of cancer cells is potentially a powerful strategy for treating cancer, but we were unable to induce apopto ... | 2005 | 16084774 |
| novel nuclear export signal-interacting protein, nesi, critical for the assembly of hepatitis delta virus. | the process of host factor-mediated nucleocytoplasmic transport is critical for diverse cellular events in eukaryotes and the life cycle of viruses. we have previously identified a chromosome region maintenance 1-independent nuclear export signal (nes) at the c terminus of the large form of hepatitis delta antigen (hdag), designated nes(hdag-l) that is required for the assembly of hepatitis delta virus (hdv) (c.-h. lee et al., j. biol. chem. 276:8142-8148, 2001). to look for interacting proteins ... | 2005 | 15956556 |
| prevalence of parenterally transmitted hepatitis viruses in clinically diagnosed cases of hepatitis. | hepatitis b virus (hbv) is the most important causative agent of blood borne hepatitis in humans. hepatitis d virus (hdv) infection occurs either as a coinfection or superinfection in hbv carriers. hepatitis c virus (hcv) is the major cause of transfusion non-a, non-b hepatitis and continues to be a major cause of human liver disease throughout the world. the present study was conducted on 70 clinically diagnosed cases of viral hepatitis to study the prevalence of parenterally transmitted viral ... | 2005 | 15928422 |
| hiv coinfection shortens the survival of patients with hepatitis c virus-related decompensated cirrhosis. | the impact of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) coinfection on the survival of patients with hepatitis c virus (hcv)-related end-stage liver disease (esld) is unknown. because hiv infection is no longer considered an absolute contraindication for liver transplantation in some countries, it has become a priority to address this topic. the objective of this study was to compare the survival of hiv-infected and hiv-uninfected patients with decompensated cirrhosis due to hcv. in a retrospective coh ... | 2005 | 15800956 |
| hepatitis b virus infection: co-infection with hepatitis c virus, hepatitis d virus, and human immunodeficiency virus. | hepatitis b virus (hbv) shares routes of transmission, namely exchange of infected body fluids, sharing of contaminated needles, and blood transfusion, with other hepatotropic viruses, such as hepatitis c virus (hcv) and hepatitis d virus (hdv) and with systemic retroviral infections, such as the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). thus, many hbv infected patients are co-infected with other viral pathogens. co-infection appears to increase the risk of progression of liver disease and may have im ... | 2004 | 15481349 |
| does liver-disease aetiology have a role in cerebral blood-flow alterations in liver cirrhosis? | studies using brain-imaging techniques have shown changes in regional blood flow (rcbf) in patients with liver cirrhosis. it remains unknown whether the aetiology of liver disease accounts for these changes. | 2004 | 15316413 |
| [detection and analysis of hav-hev, hgv infection in patients with viral hepatitis]. | to study the simple infection and super/co-infection of hav-hev, hgv in patients with viral hepatitis. | 2004 | 15268800 |
| rna interference as a new strategy against viral hepatitis. | hepatitis viruses are the leading cause of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma worldwide. since currently available treatment options against these viruses are limited, there is a need for development of alternative therapies. in this minireview, we concentrate on three hepatitis viruses--hepatitis c virus, hepatitis b virus, and hepatitis delta virus and discuss how rna interference (rnai) has been utilized against them. rnai is a process by which small double-stranded rna can effectiv ... | 2004 | 15193913 |
| ribozymes as antiviral agents. | ribozymes are rna molecules with cleavage activity that can be engineered to specifically target a given rna molecule. the hammerhead, hairpin and hepatitis delta virus ribozymes have been widely studied for their use as therapeutical agents. this review discusses the structure and properties of these ribozymes, along with the advances made in the development of these molecules for their application in the treatment of hepatitis b, hepatitis c and human immunodeficiency virus infections. | 2004 | 15041923 |
| [hiv, hbv, or hdv transmission from infected health care workers to patients]. | the report of transmission of viruses, such as human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), hepatitis b virus (hbv) and hepatitis c virus (hcv), from health care workers (hcws) to patient has alarmed public opinion with potential repercussions on health organisation. | 2003 | 14768247 |
| epidemiology of viral hepatitis in the mediterranean basin. | the prevalence of viral hepatitis is high and remains a serious public health challenge throughout the world. new molecular biology techniques provided a better understanding of the viruses over the last decades. novel therapeutic options seem to be promising but preventing measures including donor screening, immunization against hepatitis a virus (hav) and hepatitis b virus (hbv), universal use of disposable syringes and implementation of better hygienic conditions play a major role in the cont ... | 2003 | 14737935 |
| viral hepatitis: new data on hepatitis c infection. | viral hepatitis (vh) is almost as old as human beings, at least as old as known human history. however, the natural history and the epidemiology of the disease has undergone changes during the centuries and even recently we have been facing several new aspects. the estimated global prevalence is around 3-5%, which means that approximately 400 million patients are infected with hepatitis b virus and that there are 170 million infections with hepatitis c virus. the mortality figures are projected ... | 2003 | 14688826 |
| resistance of human hepatitis delta virus rnas to dicer activity. | the endonuclease dicer cleaves rnas that are 100% double stranded and certain rnas with extensive but <100% pairing to release approximately 21-nucleotide (nt) fragments. circular 1,679-nt genomic and antigenomic rnas of human hepatitis delta virus (hdv) can fold into a rod-like structure with 74% pairing. however, during hdv replication in hepatocytes of human, woodchuck, and mouse origin, no approximately 21-nt rnas were detected. likewise, in vitro, purified recombinant dicer gave <0.2% cleav ... | 2003 | 14581527 |
| chronic hepatitis b with flare due to co-infection of hepatitis delta virus during lamivudine therapy. | in 1997, a 27-year-old homosexual man contracted acute hepatitis b that developed into chronic hepatitis. because of repeated flares, administration of lamivudine was started in march 2002. hepatitis b virus (hbv) dna immediately decreased, but the serum level of alanine aminotransferase gradually increased. drug-induced hepatitis due to lamivudine was excluded. it was suspected that the progression of liver damage was caused by hepatitis delta virus (hdv), because the patient was positive for b ... | 2003 | 12879950 |
| non-hiv antivirals - a review of the recent patent literature. | this review covers the non-hiv antiviral patent literature from december 2001 to april 2002. most of the patent applications describe new compounds for the treatment of hepatitis c virus (hcv) by inhibition of the ns3 serine protease. several examples of both nucleoside and non-nucleoside inhibitors of the hcv polymerase ns5b have been reported. hepatitis b virus (hbv) therapy continues to be dominated by nucleoside analogs, but several non-nucleoside hbv polymerase inhibitors have also been rep ... | 2002 | 12802698 |
| transition of care between paediatric and adult gastroenterology. chronic viral hepatitis. | chronic viral hepatitis is a common disease. more than 500 million people have chronic viral hepatitis worldwide. these diseases are due to chronic infection with hepatitis b virus, hepatitis d virus or hepatitis c virus. chronic viral hepatitis is responsible for severe complications: cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, which are responsible for major morbidity and mortality worldwide. the prognosis of chronic viral hepatitis depends on the rate of progression of fibrosis, which varies wide ... | 2003 | 12676118 |
| inhibition of hcv ns3 protease by rna aptamers in cells. | non-structural protein 3 (ns3) of hepatitis c virus (hcv) has two distinct activities, protease and helicase, which are essential for hcv proliferation. in previous work, we obtained rna aptamers (g9-i, ii and iii) which specifically bound the ns3 protease domain (deltans3), efficiently inhibiting protease activity in vitro. to utilize these aptamers in vivo, we constructed a g9 aptamer expression system in cultured cells, using the cytomegarovirus enhancer + chicken beta-actin globin (cag) prom ... | 2003 | 12655010 |
| subviral rna: a database of the smallest known auto-replicable rna species. | we describe here the establishment of an online database containing a large number of sequences and related data on viroids, viroid-like rnas and human hepatitis delta virus (vhdv) in a customizable and user-friendly format. this database is available on the world wide web at http://penelope.med.usherb.ca/subviral. | 2003 | 12520047 |
| site-specific modification of functional groups in genomic hepatitis delta virus (hdv) ribozyme. | human hepatitis delta (hdv) ribozyme is one of small ribozymes, such as hammerhead and hairpin ribozymes, etc. its secondary structure shows pseudoknot structure composed of four stems (i to iv) and three single-stranded regions (ssra, -b and -c). the 3d structure of 3'-cleaved product of genomic hdv ribozyme provided extensive information about tertiary hydrogen bonding interactions between nucleotide bases, phosphate oxygens and 2'ohs including new stem structure p1.1. to analyze the role of t ... | 2002 | 12444967 |
| local conformational changes in the catalytic core of the trans-acting hepatitis delta virus ribozyme accompany catalysis. | the hepatitis delta virus (hdv) is a human pathogen and satellite rna of the hepatitis b virus. it utilizes a self-cleaving catalytic rna motif to process multimeric intermediates in the double-rolling circle replication of its genome. previous kinetic analyses have suggested that a particular cytosine residue (c(75)) with a pk(a) close to neutrality acts as a general acid or base in cleavage chemistry. the crystal structure of the product form of a cis-acting hdv ribozyme shows this residue pos ... | 2002 | 12356305 |
| hepatitis b and hepatitis c. | hepatitis b and c are worldwide infectious hepatitides which are distinct in terms of epidemiology and molecular biology, but which may be quite similar in terms of clinical manifestations and histopathology, in both the acute and chronic stages. hepatitis b virus (hbv), the human prototype of the hepadnaviridae family of viruses is not directly cytopathic and viral hepatitis is caused by the cellular immune response to hbv. patients infected with hbv may also have hepatitis d (delta) virus (hdv ... | 2002 | 12122858 |
| delta ribozyme benefits from a good stability in vitro that becomes outstanding in vivo. | the stability of a trans-acting delta ribozyme was studied under various conditions. although in vitro (i.e., in the presence of protein extracts) this delta ribozyme appears to be only slightly more stable than a hammerhead ribozyme, in vivo (i.e., after cell transfection) it exhibits an outstanding stability that manifests itself in the calculated half-life of over 100 h regardless of the means of transfection. the p2 stem, which includes both the 5' and 3' ends, is shown to play a critical ro ... | 2002 | 11991641 |
| in the fluorescent spotlight: global and local conformational changes of small catalytic rnas. | rna is a ubiquitous biopolymer that performs a multitude of essential cellular functions involving the maintenance, transfer, and processing of genetic information. rna is unique in that it can carry both genetic information and catalytic function. its secondary structure domains, which fold stably and independently, assemble hierarchically into modular tertiary structures. studies of these folding events are key to understanding how catalytic rnas (ribozymes) are able to position reaction compo ... | 2001 | 11987183 |
| severe hepatitis due to hbv-hdv coinfection. | quadruple hepatic infections are not uncommon in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infected patients. hepatotropic viruses behave differently in immunocompromised patients resulting in varied clinical and serological outcomes. delta hepatitis, an important cause of acute hepatitis in intravenous drug abusers (ivdas) and hiv-infected patients, can present as coinfection or superinfection clinically, which influences the prognosis. prevention of hepatitis d virus (hdv) coinfection is possible wit ... | 2001 | 11766551 |
| hepatitis delta virus minimal substrates competent for editing by adar1 and adar2. | a host-mediated rna-editing event allows hepatitis delta virus (hdv) to express two essential proteins, the small delta antigen (hdag-s) and the large delta antigen (hdag-l), from a single open reading frame. one or several members of the adar (adenosine deaminases that act on rna) family are thought to convert the adenosine to an inosine (i) within the hdag-s amber codon in antigenomic rna. as a consequence of replication, the uig codon is converted to a ugg (tryptophan [w]) codon in the result ... | 2001 | 11507200 |
| [detection of igg antibody to hepatitis g virus by elisa]. | to study the relation of hgv igg antibody (anti- hgv igg) to various viral infections, alt and hgv rna. | 2000 | 11503048 |
| the hdv large-delta antigen fused with gfp remains functional and provides for studying its dynamic distribution. | hepatitis d virus (hdv) requires the isoprenylated large delta antigen (ldag) for interaction with hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag) to allow packaging and secretion out of the host cell. phosphorylated ldag has been found but, as yet, neither localization of ldag within the nucleus nor any other function has been correlated with modification. in this study, we transfected huh-7 or hela cells with plasmids encoding various lengths of ldag [designated gfp-ld and gfp-ld(31-214) for full length a ... | 2001 | 11414814 |
| search for antisense copies of beta-globin mrna in anemic mouse spleen. | previous studies by volloch and coworkers have reported that during the expression of high levels of beta-globin mrna in the spleen of anemic mice, they could also detect small but significant levels of an antisense (as) globin rna species, which they postulated might have somehow arisen by rna-directed rna synthesis. for two reasons we undertook to confirm and possibly extend these studies. first, previous studies in our lab have focussed on what is an unequivocal example of host rna-directed r ... | 2001 | 11286637 |
| serological and molecular testing in viral hepatitis: an update. | the routine serological diagnoses of the three major forms of viral hepatitis - a, b and c - as well as delta hepatitis, are important in the evaluation of acute and chronic viral hepatitis. increasingly, molecular virology is also being used to evaluate patients with chronic hepatitis c, with genotype and viral load testing to plan therapy. | 2001 | 11264571 |
| hepatitis: still a concern? | although some forms of viral hepatitis were identified more than 50 years ago, hepatitis continues to have an impact on the practice of dentistry. possible transmission in the dental setting, management of the chronically ill, and legal issues related to treatment of infectious patients combine to emphasize that hepatitis is still an important issue for dental health care workers. currently, 7 viral forms are recognized. those with predominantly enteral modes of transmission--including hav, hev, ... | 2000 | 11203900 |
| mortality for liver disease in patients with hiv infection: a cohort study. | we undertook this study to assess the association between the various potential causes of liver disease in hiv-seropositive patients and mortality due to liver failure. three hundred and eight in-hospital deaths were observed from 1987 to december 1995 in a prospectively followed cohort of 1894 hiv-seropositive patients. for each study subject, clinical data were evaluated to assess whether liver failure had substantially contributed to mortality. a case control study nested in the cohort was th ... | 2000 | 10969344 |
| large isoform of hepatitis delta antigen activates serum response factor-associated transcription. | hepatitis delta virus infection sometimes causes severe and fulminant hepatitis as a coinfection or superinfection along with the hepatitis b virus. to elucidate the underlying mechanism of injury caused by hepatitis delta virus, we examined whether two isoforms of the hepatitis delta antigen (hdag) had any effect on five well defined intracellular signal transduction pathways: serum response factor (srf)-, serum response element (sre)-, nuclear factor kappab-, activator protein 1-, and cyclic a ... | 2000 | 10961986 |
| delta-hepatitis. | investigations were conducted for serological evidence of hepatitis b virus (hbv) and hepatitis d virus (hdv) infections in children suffering from acute viral hepatitis. a total of 52 serum samples were analysed by enzyme immunoassay. of these, 18 (24%) were positive for hepatitis b virus markers and 34 (65.4%) were negative. delta virus infection was detected in 6/18 (33%) hepatitis b patients. a significant finding was, that of the 34 patients negative for hepatitis b, 4 (12%) were positive o ... | 1995 | 10829945 |
| hepatitis delta virus replication generates complexes of large hepatitis delta antigen and antigenomic rna that affiliate with and alter nuclear domain 10. | hepatitis delta virus (hdv), a single-stranded rna virus, bears a single coding region whose product, the hepatitis delta antigen (hdag), is expressed in two isoforms, small (s-hdag) and large (l-hdag). s-hdag is required for replication of hdv, while l-hdag inhibits viral replication and is required for the envelopment of the hdv genomic rna by hepatitis b virus proteins. here we have examined the spatial distribution of hdv rna and proteins in infected nuclei, with particular reference to spec ... | 2000 | 10799610 |
| importance of short pseudoknot base pairs between two single-stranded regions of hdv ribozyme. | human hepatitis delta virus (hdv) ribozyme can catalyze self-cleavage reaction in the presence of mg2+ ions, yielding products with 2',3'-cyclic phosphate and 5'-oh termini as do hammerhead and hairpin ribozymes. recently, the tertiary structure of 3'-cleaved product of genomic hdv ribozyme was solved by x-ray crystallographic analysis. in this structure three single-stranded regions (ssra, -b and -c) interacts intricately with hydrogen bonds between bases, phosphate oxygens and 2'-ohs to form n ... | 1999 | 10780492 |
| a four year review of acute viral hepatitis cases in the east coast of peninsular malaysia (1994-1997). | a total of 1,157 sera from jaundiced patients with clinical and biochemical evidence of liver disease received from government hospital in kelantan and terengganu, during the period from 1994 to 1997, were investigated to determine the cause. hepatitis a virus was found to be the main cause in 26.1% (24/92) of symptomatic clinical hepatitis cases in 1994, 47.8% (63/132) in 1995, 66.4% (613/923) in 1996 and 20% (2/10) in 1997. sera received in 1996 were also tested for hepatitis b, hepatitis c, h ... | 1999 | 10695797 |
| unique properties of the large antigen of hepatitis delta virus. | the large form of the hepatitis delta virus (hdv) protein (l) can be isoprenylated near its c terminus, and this modification is considered essential for particle assembly. using gel electrophoresis, we separated l into two species of similar mobilities. the slower species could be labeled by the incorporation of [(14)c]mevalonolactone and is interpreted to be isoprenylated l (l(i)). in serum particles, infected liver, transfected cells, and assembled particles, 25 to 85% of l was isoprenylated. ... | 1999 | 10438801 |
| [the epidemiological aspects of viral hepatitides in estonia]. | the etiological structure of viral hepatitides among the adult population of tallinn and the occurrence of markers of hepatitis b and hepatitis c virus infections in medical workers, addict introducing drugs intravenously and hemodialysis patients were studied. changes in the etiological structure of viral hepatitides were established: they took the form of a decrease in the level of hepatitis a morbidity and the considerable growth of the role of hepatitides b and c, as well as the newly detect ... | 1999 | 10356734 |
| minimal role of gb virus-c/hepatitis g virus in fulminant and subfulminant hepatitis in taiwan. | the role of gb virus-c/hepatitis g virus (gbv-c/hgv) in fulminant hepatitis (fh) and subfulminant hepatitis (sfh) remains unclear. | 1999 | 10207785 |
| a conserved bulged adenosine in a peripheral duplex of the antigenomic hdv self-cleaving rna reduceskinetic trapping of inactive conformations. | in the ribozyme of hepatitis delta virus antigenomic rna, two short duplexes, p2 and p2a, stabilize the active self-cleaving structure. however, p2a also promotes kinetic trapping of non-native structures. a bulged adenosine (a14) separates p2a and p2; this bulged a is conserved in clinical isolates of hdv but is unlikely to be physically close to the cleavage site phosphate in the ribozyme structure. removing the bulge did not significantly slow the rate of cleavage but slowed the conversion of ... | 1999 | 9889275 |
| crystal structure of a hepatitis delta virus ribozyme. | the self-cleaving ribozyme of the hepatitis delta virus (hdv) is the only catalytic rna known to be required for the viability of a human pathogen. we obtained crystals of a 72-nucleotide, self-cleaved form of the genomic hdv ribozyme that diffract x-rays to 2.3 a resolution by engineering the rna to bind a small, basic protein without affecting ribozyme activity. the co-crystal structure shows that the compact catalytic core comprises five helical segments connected as an intricate nested doubl ... | 1998 | 9783582 |
| the use of non-human primates as animal models for the study of hepatitis viruses. | hepatitis viruses belong to different families and have in common a striking hepatotropism and restrictions for propagation in cell culture. the transmissibility of hepatitis is in great part limited to non-human primates. enterically transmitted hepatitis viruses (hepatitis a virus and hepatitis e virus) can induce hepatitis in a number of old world and new world monkey species, while the host range of non-human primates susceptible to hepatitis viruses transmitted by the parenteral route (hepa ... | 1998 | 9777010 |
| a human liver cell line exhibits efficient translation of hcv rnas produced by a recombinant adenovirus expressing t7 rna polymerase. | an in vitro system that supports the efficient growth of hepatitis c virus (hcv) and reflects its complete in vitro replication cycle has not yet been established. the establishment of a minigene rna of hcv in mammalian cells could facilitate the study of virus-cell interactions and the molecular pathogenesis of this virus. we constructed a replication-deficient recombinant adenovirus expressing bacteriophage t7 rna polymerase under the control of cag promoter (adexcat7). a high level of t7 rna ... | 1998 | 9770428 |
| prevalence, implication, and viral nucleotide sequence analysis of gb virus-c/hepatitis g virus infection in acute fulminant and nonfulminant hepatitis. | the clinical impact of gb virus-c (gbv-c)/hepatitis g virus (hgv) infection on various causes of acute hepatitis and fulminant hepatitis is controversial. in this study, serum samples from 164 patients with acute hepatitis of various causes, 34 asymptomatic hepatitis b virus (hbv) carriers, and 34 healthy adults were tested for gbv-c/hgv rna by reverse transcription-nested polymerase chain reaction using primers based on the 5'-untranslated region. nucleotide sequences of gbv-c/hgv rna from vari ... | 1998 | 9746066 |
| hepatitis in pregnancy. | currently, six distinct types of hepatitis virus have been identified: a, b, c, d, e, and g. hepatitis a virus infection does not cause a chronic carrier state, and perinatal transmission is extremely uncommon. hepatitis b can be transmitted perinatally, but immunization of the newborn with hepatitis b immune globulin and hepatitis b vaccine markedly reduces the risk of neonatal infection. hepatitis d virus is dependent on coinfection with the hepatitis b virus for replication. immunoprophylaxis ... | 1998 | 9738992 |
| [risk of transmission of infectious diseases by transfusion]. | in obstetric patients transfusion is a common procedure, it has many advantages but it also has severe risks. since the observation that human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection is transmitted by transfusion, the number of preventive measures to reduce the infectious diseases transmission by this procedure has increased. the microorganisms that can be transmitted through transfusion include: human t lymphotropic virus (htlv) i and ii, hepatitis b virus, hepatitis c virus, hepatitis d virus, ... | 1998 | 9737068 |
| treatment of chronic hepatitis d with interferon alpha-2b in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. | hepatitis delta virus (hdv) coinfection is frequent in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), and it may cause death independently of the development of full-blown aids. in order to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of interferon alpha in the treatment of hepatitis delta in hiv-infected patients, and to compare them with those observed in anti-hiv-seronegative patients, we carried out an open uncontrolled trial on 21 hiv-uninfected and 16 hiv-infected patients without se ... | 1998 | 9696491 |
| prevalence of transfusion associated infections in multitransfused children in relation to mandatory screening of hiv in donated blood. | any change in risk behavior related to acquisition of human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection is likely to reduce simultaneously the risk for other agents transmitted through identical routes. a study carried out in the city of delhi, india on the load of transfusion associated infections among multitransfused (mt) children in relation to mandatory screening of hiv infection in donated blood indicated unchanged prevalence of hepatitis b virus (hbv), hepatitis c virus (hcv) and hepatitis d v ... | 1997 | 9656388 |
| generation of an mhc class ii-restricted t cell epitope by extracellular processing of hepatitis delta antigen. | hepatitis delta virus is a human pathogen that is responsible for a severe form of hepatitis affecting hepatitis b envelope ag carriers. we have previously identified a series of hepatitis delta ag (hdag) epitopes that are recognized by cd4+ t cell clones isolated from infected subjects. herein, we show that the presentation of soluble hdag to cd4+ t cell clones that are specific for the hdag(106-121) epitope was exceptionally unaffected by the inhibition of the apc-processing machinery when apc ... | 1998 | 9605122 |
| [seroprevalence of hbv, hcv and hdv hepatitis markers in 500 patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus]. | the serological status for both hepatitis b, c and d viruses was analyzed for 500 hiv seropositive patients and for 1037 of a control group. the prevalence was 31.4% for anti hcv, 13.8% for hbs ag and 69.0% for one or more hbv markers in hiv positive patients and respectively 2.5%, 2.7% and 13.1% in control group. the markers for hepatitis d were founded among 21% of the hbs ag carriers (patients and control group), correlated with drug i.v. use. the prevalence of anti-hcv was 71.6% in subjects ... | 1997 | 9538467 |
| [epstein-barr, hepatitis b and hepatitis c virus infections and their oncogenic potentials]. | there are two ways of connecting epstein-barr virus (ebv) with the uncontrolled growth of ebv infected b lymphocytes: in case of evident immunosuppression when the control by cellular immunity is missing or in the case of pathological growth of malignant clone as a result of genetic translocations. today, ebv is linked with the development of lymphomas in immunosuppressed patients, hodgkin's and burkitt's lymphoma and nasopharyngeal carcinoma. the presence of ebv genome in these patients can be ... | 1997 | 9471511 |
| high prevalence of hepatitis g virus infection compared with hepatitis c virus infection in patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis. | a recently discovered non-a-e hepatitis virus has been designated as hepatitis g virus (hgv) and identified as a new member of the flaviviridae family. infection by this virus is thought to be associated with blood-borne hepatitis and usually in the presence of hepatitis c or hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection. in this study, the presence of hgv-rna in serum or plasma and the prevalence of antibodies against an hgv envelope protein (e2) were investigated in patients undergoing chronic hemodialysi ... | 1998 | 9469490 |
| in vitro selection of a viomycin-binding rna pseudoknot. | the peptide antibiotic viomycin inhibits ribosomal protein synthesis, group i intron self-splicing and self-cleavage of the human hepatitis delta virus ribozyme. to understand the molecular basis of rna binding and recognition by viomycin, we isolated a variety of novel viomycin-binding rna molecules using in vitro selection. | 1997 | 9195872 |
| human cd4+ t-cell response to hepatitis delta virus: identification of multiple epitopes and characterization of t-helper cytokine profiles. | the t-cell-mediated immune response plays a crucial role in defense against hepatotropic viruses as well as in the pathogenesis of viral chronic hepatitides. however, very little is known about the role of specific t cells during hepatitis delta virus (hdv) infection in humans. in this study, the t-cell response to hdv in chronic hepatitis b virus (hbv) carriers with hdv superinfection was investigated at different levels. analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cell (pbmc) proliferation in res ... | 1997 | 9032359 |
| update of the viroid and viroid-like sequence database: addition of a hepatitis delta virus rna section. | recently, we developed and made available an online database that includes all the reported (to our knowledge) viroid and viroid-like rna sequences [bussire,f., lafontaine,d. and perreault,j.-p. (1996)nucleic acids res.24, 1793-1798]. we report here an update of this catalogue which includes the addition of a new section devoted to human hepatitis delta virus (vhdv) sequences. this new section comprises all available vhdv sequences, irrespective of their completeness, which have been either publ ... | 1997 | 9016518 |
| long-term effects of interferon-alpha in five hiv-positive patients with chronic hepatitis b. | chronic hepatitis b viral infection is common in human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) carriers, but the effectiveness of interferon therapy is still unknown. we report the results of a long-term pilot study of five patients, who were infected with hiv and chronic hepatitis b, treated by interferon. five males co-infected with hiv and hepatitis b virus (hbv) (mean age 27 years) were given a 6-month course of interferon (ifn)-alpha 2b 5 million units (mu) three times weekly. on initiating the treatm ... | 1996 | 8914005 |
| replication of hepatitis delta virus. | hepatitis delta virus (hdv) is a unique viroid-like human pathogen that is always associated with hepatitis b infection. replication of hdv involves the transcription of genomic rna, probably by the host rna polymerase ii, by a rolling circle mechanism followed by self-cleavage and self-ligation. editing of antigenomic rna, possibly involving the enzyme adenosine deaminase, generates two functionally distinct forms of delta antigen. the molecular basis for hdv pathogenicity remains uncertain. | 1996 | 8871876 |
| prevalence of blood-borne viruses among intravenous drug users and alcoholics in hiroshima, japan. | we investigated the prevalence of human immunodeficiency viruses-1 and 2 (hiv-1 and hiv-2), human t-lymphotropic virus type i and ii, hepatitis b virus (hbv), hepatitis c virus (hcv) and hepatitis d virus among intravenous drug users (ivdu) in hiroshima, japan, where little is known about their present levels. from june to december 1993, serum samples were collected from 47 ivdu and 98 alcoholics in hiroshima, japan, and examined for markers of virus infection. the prevalence of antibody to hcv ... | 1995 | 8845404 |
| a cellular homolog of hepatitis delta antigen: implications for viral replication and evolution. | hepatitis delta virus (hdv) is a pathogenic human virus whose rna genome and replication cycle resemble those of plant viroids. however, viroid genomes contain no open reading frames, whereas hdv rna encodes a single protein, hepatitis delta antigen (hdag), which is required for viral replication. a cellular gene whose product interacts with hdag has now been identified, and this interaction was found to affect viral genomic replication in intact cells. dna sequence analysis revealed that this p ... | 1996 | 8810253 |
| influence of human immunodeficiency virus infection on hepatitis delta virus superinfection in chronic hbsag carriers. | it is generally agreed that hepatitis b virus (hbv) replication is reduced by hepatitis delta virus infection (hdv) and augmented by human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection. however, the precise nature of the interactions between hbv, hdv and hiv is controversial. the aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of hiv infection on hbv and hdv replication, and on histological scores during delta virus superinfection in hdv-positive, chronic carriers of hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag). w ... | 1994 | 8790568 |
| replication of murine coronavirus defective interfering rna from negative-strand transcripts. | the positive-strand defective interfering (di) rna of the murine coronavirus mouse hepatitis virus (mhv), when introduced into mhv-infected cells, results in di rna replication and accumulation. we studied whether the introduction of negative-strand transcripts of mhv di rna would also result in replication. at a location downstream of the t7 promoter and upstream of the human hepatitis delta virus ribozyme domain, we inserted a complete cdna clone of mhv di rna in reverse orientation; in vitro- ... | 1996 | 8709192 |
| [use of virus-induced damage markers in the diagnosis of viral hepatitis]. | 1995 | 8664411 | |
| selection in vitro of trans-acting genomic human hepatitis delta virus (hdv) ribozymes. | in an effort to identify the functional structure as well as new active variants of the trans-acting genomic ribozyme of human hepatitis delta virus (hdv), we applied an in vitro selection procedure. a total of 14 rounds of selection and amplification was repeated and various mutant ribozymes in g10 and g14 pools analyzed. active ribozymes which were isolated in the present study (from g10 and g14) all possessed conserved bases (that were identified earlier) in the cis-acting molecule. a dominan ... | 1996 | 8647117 |
| direct investigation of protein rna-binding domains using digoxigenin-labelled rnas and synthetic peptides: application to the hepatitis delta antigen. | a new method is described for the characterization of rna binding domains of a protein and applied to the study of the interaction between proteins and nucleic acid of the human hepatitis delta virus (hdv). the method uses synthetic peptides coated onto an elisa plate and tested for their ability to bind digoxigenin-labelled rnas. rna binding is quantified with peroxidase-conjugated anti-digoxigenin. the hepatitis delta antigen (hdag) is an rna-binding protein that specifically binds hdv rnas. i ... | 1995 | 8609203 |
| status of hepatitis viral markers in patients with acute and chronic liver diseases in northern india. | the present study describes the frequency of hepatitis viral markers in patients with uncomplicated acute viral hepatitis (avh; n = 32) and in patients with severe liver diseases, including those with fulminant hepatic failure (fhf; n = 110), subacute hepatic failure (sahf; n = 65), and chronic active hepatitis (cah; n = 33). the results indicate that hepatitis a virus infection is quite rare, whereas hepatitis b virus (hbv) and hepatitis c virus (hcv) infections are the predominant causes of ac ... | 1994 | 8586538 |
| autoantibodies in hepatitis delta. | hepatitis delta virus infection is associated with a wide range of different autoantibodies. the humoral immune response in chronic hepatitis d is directed against the cytoskeleton, the nucleus, the nuclear lamina and the endoplasmic reticulum. smooth muscle antibodies (sma), basal cell layer antibodies (bcla), stellate epithelial cell antibodies (seca), thymic reticular cell antibodies (tra), perithymocytic cell antibodies (pta), and anti-calmodulin antibodies are reactive with constituents of ... | 1995 | 8562861 |
| [the screening of hepatitis virus and its efficacy]. | 1. infection of hepatitis a virus (hav) was prevented with hepatitis a vaccine. high risk groups of hav infection should be inoculated this vaccine because japanese peoples less than 40 years old didn't have immunity for hav. 2. infection of hepatitis e virus (hev) was scarcely observed in japan. 3. infection of hepatitis b virus (hbv) by blood transfusion was eradicated after the screening with anti-hbc antibody for blood donors. and maternal transmissions of hbv and infections of hbv in hospit ... | 1995 | 8551671 |
| polymerase chain reaction-based detection of hepatitis d virus rna in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus. | we used the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) to detect hepatitis d (hd) viremia in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv). nineteen (9%) of 206 such patients were prospectively found to be infected by hdv. thirty-one anti-hiv-positive patients were studied by means of pcr and the results were analysed according to hdv and hepatitis b virus (hbv) serological status. hdv-pcr was positive in five patients. two had detectable serum hdv antigen. four patients had anti-hd igm and ... | 1993 | 8502699 |