Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| genetic analysis of the salmonella enterica type iii secretion-associated atpase invc defines discrete functional domains. | an essential component of all type iii secretion systems is a highly conserved atpase that shares significant amino acid sequence similarity to the beta subunit of the f(0)f(1) atpases and is thought to provide the energy for the secretion process. we have performed a genetic and functional analysis of invc, the atpase associated with the salmonella enterica type iii secretion system encoded within its pathogenicity island 1. through a mutagenesis analysis, we have identified amino acid residues ... | 2004 | 15060043 |
| characterization of six flagellin genes in the h3, h53 and h54 standard strains of escherichia coli. | six flagellin genes in three h standard escherichia coli strains for h3, h53 and h54 were characterized. each strain has two flagellin genes, one of which is expressed as its standard h antigen. a pair of flagellin genes flka3 (encoding for h3 antigen) and flic16 (h16) was cloned from bi7327-41, flka53 (h53) and flic-53 from e480-68, and flma54 (h54) and flic-54 from e223-69. two flic genes, flic-53 and flic-54, are nonfunctional owing to the insertions of is1 and is1222, respectively. the flka ... | 2004 | 15056931 |
| [mechanisms of resistance to beta lactams and nalidixic acid in clinical isolates of salmonella enteritidis serotype hadar and bsilla]. | 2004 | 15056446 | |
| [resistance to quinolones and beta-lactams in salmonella enterica due to mutations in topoisomerase-encoding genes, altered cell permeability and expression of an active efflux system]. | the mechanisms of resistance to fluoroquinolones and beta-lactams were studied in isolates of salmonella enterica resistant to both antimicrobial groups, isolated over time from two patients treated with fluoroquinolones. | 2004 | 15056435 |
| [quinolone use and resistance]. | 2004 | 15056434 | |
| salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar enteritidis harbours cole1, cole2, and rolling-circle-like replicating plasmids. | using dna hybridization, at least three distinct groups of low molecular mass plasmids were identified in salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar enteritidis. after sequencing representative plasmids from each group, we concluded that they belonged to cole1, cole2, and rolling-circle-like replicating plasmids. plasmid pk (4245 bp) is a representative of widely distributed cole1 plasmids. plasmid pp (4301 bp) is homologous to cole2 plasmids and was present predominantly in single-stranded dna ... | 2004 | 15052312 |
| tubular glands of the isthmus are the predominant colonization site of salmonella enteritidis in the upper oviduct of laying hens. | salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis is the serovar most frequently isolated from chicken eggs. colonization of the upper oviduct of hens is believed to play an important role in egg contamination. the interaction of s. enteritidis with gland epithelial cells of the isthmus and the magnum was, therefore, studied in vitro and in vivo. in the first experiment, s. enteritidis bacteria were added to confluent monolayers of primary cultures of chicken tubular epithelial cells of the isthmus (ictec ... | 2004 | 15049486 |
| protection from bacterial infection by a single vaccination with replication-deficient mutant herpes simplex virus type 1. | adaptive immune responses in which cd8(+) t cells recognize pathogen-derived peptides in the context of major histocompatibility complex class i molecules play a major role in the host defense against infection with intracellular pathogens. cells infected with intracellular bacteria such as listeria monocytogenes, salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium, or mycobacterium tuberculosis are directly lysed by cytotoxic cd8(+) t cells. for this reason, current vaccines for intracellular pathogens, su ... | 2004 | 15047818 |
| evidence for a chromosomally located third integron in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium dt104b. | salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium isolates of phage types dt104 and dt104b are frequently associated with multiple antimicrobial resistance. we describe the characterization of a class 1 integron containing dfra1 and aada1, genes from two salmonella serovar typhimurium dt104b isolates. genetic mapping located the integron to the bacterial chromosome in each case. | 2004 | 15047541 |
| expression of acrb, acrf, acrd, mara, and soxs in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium: role in multiple antibiotic resistance. | comparative reverse transcription-pcr in combination with denaturing high-pressure liquid chromatography analysis was used to determine the levels of expression of soxs, mara, acrf, acrb, and acrd in multiple-antibiotic-resistant (mar) salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium isolates and mutants of s. enterica serovar typhimurium sl1344 with defined deletions. posttherapy mar clinical isolates had increased levels of expression of all genes except soxs. s. enterica serovar typhimurium sl1344 del ... | 2004 | 15047514 |
| effect of 2-deoxy-d-glucose induced stress on salmonella choleraesuis shedding and persistence in swine. | a glucose analog, 2-deoxy-d-glucose (2dg), previously shown in swine to induce many of the hallmark parameters of stress, was administered to salmonella choleraesuis carrier-swine and the effects on salmonella fecal shedding and tissue colonization were evaluated. initially, pigs were divided into two groups, one that received 1 x 10 (6) s. choleraesuis and one group that received saline. at 3 or 6 weeks post inoculation (pi), half of each group received an injection of 2dg and the other half re ... | 2004 | 15046951 |
| salmonella flagellin is not a dominant protective antigen in oral immunization with attenuated live vaccine strains. | we found that oral immunization with flagellum-defective mutant strains of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium with the clpxp-deficient background protected mice against oral challenge with the virulent strain. these data indicate that salmonella flagellin is not a dominant protective antigen in oral immunization with attenuated live vaccine strains. | 2004 | 15039380 |
| rapid expression of chemokines and proinflammatory cytokines in newly hatched chickens infected with salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | poultry meat and eggs contaminated with salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis or salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium are common sources of acute gastroenteritis in humans. however, the exact nature of the immune mechanisms protective against salmonella infection in chickens has not been characterized at the molecular level. in the present study, bacterial colonization, development of pathological lesions, and proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine gene expression were investigated in the l ... | 2004 | 15039338 |
| lon protease activity causes down-regulation of salmonella pathogenicity island 1 invasion gene expression after infection of epithelial cells. | salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium causes self-limiting gastroenteritis in humans and a typhoid-like disease in mice that serves as a model for typhoid infections in humans. a critical step in salmonella pathogenesis is the invasion of enterocytes and m cells of the small intestine via expression of a type iii secretion system, encoded on salmonella pathogenicity island 1 (spi-1), that secretes effector proteins into host cells, leading to engulfment of the bacteria within large membrane ru ... | 2004 | 15039320 |
| the probiotic escherichia coli strain nissle 1917 interferes with invasion of human intestinal epithelial cells by different enteroinvasive bacterial pathogens. | the probiotic escherichia coli strain nissle 1917 (mutaflor) of serotype o6:k5:h1 was reported to protect gnotobiotic piglets from infection with salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. an important virulence property of salmonella is invasion of host epithelial cells. therefore, we tested for interference of e. coli strain nissle 1917 with salmonella invasion of int407 cells. simultaneous administration of e. coli strain nissle 1917 and salmonella resulted in up to 70% reduction of salmonella ... | 2004 | 15039098 |
| quantitative oligonucleotide microarray fingerprinting of salmonella enterica isolates. | we report on a genome-independent microbial fingerprinting method using nucleic acid microarrays for microbial forensics and epidemiology applications and demonstrate that the microarray method provides high resolution differentiation between closely related microorganisms, using salmonella enterica strains as the test case. in replicate trials we used a simple 192 probe nonamer array to construct a fingerprint library of 25 closely related salmonella isolates. controlling false discovery rate f ... | 2004 | 15037662 |
| short-course azithromycin for the treatment of uncomplicated typhoid fever in children and adolescents. | we studied 149 children and adolescents 3-17 years of age with clinical typhoid fever who were treated with either oral azithromycin (20 mg/kg per day; maximum dose, 1000 mg/day) or intravenous ceftriaxone (75 mg/day; maximum dose, 2.5 g/day) daily for 5 days. blood and stool specimens were obtained for culture before the initiation of therapy and were repeated on days 4 and 8 of treatment. isolation of salmonella enterica serovar typhi or s. enterica serovar paratyphi from the initial culture w ... | 2004 | 15034826 |
| prevalence and characteristics of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli, salmonella spp. and campylobacter spp. isolated from slaughtered sheep in switzerland. | caecum samples collected from 653 slaughtered sheep from two swiss abattoirs were examined. the aim of this study was: (i) to determine the prevalence of shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli (stec), salmonella spp. and campylobacter spp.; (ii) to further characterize isolated strains; and (iii) to discuss the results obtained with their relevance to food safety. the percentage of samples testing positive for stec by a polymerase chain reaction was 29.9%. the prevalence of positive salmonella s ... | 2004 | 15033267 |
| the spectrum of cardiovascular infections due to salmonella enterica: a review of clinical features and factors determining outcome. | cardiovascular infections due to salmonella enterica are infrequently reported, so their clinical features, prognosis, and optimal treatment are not completely known. mortality associated with aortitis and endocarditis caused by nontyphoidal salmonella remains exceedingly high. in this review of cases of cardiovascular infections due to salmonella enterica studied in 2 hospitals in madrid, we tried to assess the clinical manifestations and the procedures leading to diagnosis in addition to treat ... | 2004 | 15028966 |
| complete genomic sequence of the virulent salmonella bacteriophage sp6. | we report the complete genome sequence of enterobacteriophage sp6, which infects salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. the genome contains 43,769 bp, including a 174-bp direct terminal repeat. the gene content and organization clearly place sp6 in the coliphage t7 group of phages, but there is approximately 5 kb at the right end of the genome that is not present in other members of the group, and the homologues of t7 genes 1.3 through 3 appear to have undergone an unusual reorganization. sequ ... | 2004 | 15028677 |
| detection of o-acetylated vi polysaccharide of salmonella enterica subspecies typhi by enzyme immunoassay. | immunisation with capsular vi polysaccharide (vi ps) of salmonella enterica serovar typhi (s. typhi) protects against typhoid. this protection depends on the presence of o-acetyl groups on the vi ps, which form an immunodominant epitope. an antiserum raised against conjugated vi ps was used as the basis for an indirect enzyme immunoassay (eia). the antiserum did not react with lipopolysaccharide of five gram negative bacteria including s. typhi. vi ps from three different sources was tested, and ... | 2004 | 15026021 |
| outbreak of neonatal meningitis caused by salmonella enterica serotype worthington. | we report an outbreak of salmonella meningitis in a nursery unit due to serotype worthington. the organism was isolated from blood and csf samples of five babies. the isolates were found to be resistant to commonly used antibiotics such as ampicillin, cefotaxime, cefiriaxone and amikacin but were sensitive to ciprofloxacin. serotype worthington appears to be an emerging pathogen in neonatal units. | 2003 | 15022937 |
| activity of dermaseptin k4-s4 against foodborne pathogens. | dermaseptin s4 and its substituted derivative k(4)-s4 were investigated against various food-related pathogenic bacteria in culture media. k(4)-s4, but not the native peptide displayed significant growth inhibitory activity against all bacteria tested. next, activity of k(4)-s4 against escherichia coli o157:h7 was defined in terms of milieu dependencies. salt-dependent kinetic studies in growth medium indicated that the peptide's antibacterial activity is maintained at fairly high (up to 600mm) ... | 2003 | 15019214 |
| pulsed-field gel electrophoresis-based subtyping of dna degradation-sensitive salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar livingstone and serovar cerro isolates obtained from a chicken layer farm. | salmonella enterica serovar subsp. enterica livingstone and serovar cerro isolates from a commercial egg-producing farm, which had previously been untypeable by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) because of dna degradation during the pfge process, successfully gave banding patterns using electrophoresis buffer supplemented with 50 microm thiourea. by pfge in the presence of thiourea, dna degradation-sensitive s. enterica serovar cerro isolates from the commercial egg-producing farm were fou ... | 2004 | 15019105 |
| dietary fructo-oligosaccharides and inulin decrease resistance of rats to salmonella: protective role of calcium. | we have shown recently that rapid fermentable fructo-oligosaccharides (fos) decreased resistance of rats towards salmonella. it is not known whether inulin (which is fermented more gradually) has similar effects or whether buffering nutrients can counteract the adverse effects of rapid fermentation. | 2004 | 15016747 |
| comparison of 40 salmonella enterica serovars injured by thermal, high-pressure and irradiation stress. | to investigate and compare the inherent resistance of 40 salmonella serovars to heat, irradiation and high-pressure stress. | 2004 | 15012829 |
| isolation of salmonella strains from reptile faeces and comparison of different culture media. | to provide information on epidemiology and isolation of salmonella strains from reptiles. | 2004 | 15012809 |
| anti-salmonella activity of (2e)-alkenals. | this study investigated the effect of a series of naturally occurring aliphatic (2e)-alkenals against salmonella choleraesuis subsp. choleraesuis atcc 35640 and evaluated their antibacterial action. | 2004 | 15012807 |
| live salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium (s. typhimurium) elicit dendritic cell responses that differ from those induced by killed s. typhimurium. | the immune response of bovine monocytes-derived dendritic cells (dc) exposed to either live or killed salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium was compared. both live and killed bacteria induced changes in morphology with distinctive formation of processes and up-regulation of the ability of dc to stimulate allogeneic t-cell proliferation. also, both live and killed bacteria up-regulated the expression of mhc-i, mhc-ii and cd80. however, live bacteria induced greater up-regulation of the expressi ... | 2004 | 15010228 |
| post-transcriptional regulation of bacterial motility by aconitase proteins. | escherichia coli and bacillus subtilis aconitases can act as iron and oxidative stress-responsive post-transcriptional regulators. here, it is shown that a salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium lt2 acnb mutant exhibits impaired binding to the surface of j774 macrophage-like cells. proteomic analyses were used to investigate further the binding defect of the acnb mutant. these revealed that the levels of the flagellum protein flic were much lower for the acnb mutant. this strain was correspondi ... | 2004 | 15009904 |
| large-scale identification of essential salmonella genes by trapping lethal insertions. | a novel screening approach based on insertion-duplication mutagenesis (idm) was established to efficiently screen for essential genes of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium under laboratory conditions. small, randomly generated genomic fragments were cloned into a conditionally replicating vector, and the resulting library of single salmonella clones was grown under permissive conditions. upon switching to non-permissive temperature, discrimination between lethal and non-lethal insertions fo ... | 2004 | 15009898 |
| salmonella enterica serovar london infections associated with consumption of infant formula. | epidemiologic studies were conducted on 31 cases of salmonella group e infection detected in 2000 through a laboratory-based pathogen surveillance in gangwon province, korea. data were collected on the environmental exposures and the patients' foods, including the brand(s) of milk consumed before the onset of diarrhea. the patients' medical records were also reviewed. all of the patients were infants under 10 months of age except one 7-year old child. surprisingly, all of the infants were fed wi ... | 2004 | 15004867 |
| random amplified polymorphic dna and phenotyping analysis of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis isolates collected from humans and poultry in uruguay from 1995 to 2002. | molecular and phenotyping techniques were applied to study salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis strains both from human cases of infection and of avian origin isolated in uruguay from 1995 to 2002. a group of 62 isolates was subjected to random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) assay and analysis of antibiotic resistance patterns. twenty-one of these strains were further characterized by phage typing and analysis of their protein expression profiles. rapd fingerprinting with five different pri ... | 2004 | 15004068 |
| rapid screening method for the detection of antimicrobial substances. | bioluminescence is phenomenon where living organisms produce light and this production is directly dependent on metabolic activity of the organism. genes encoding enzymes, luciferases, responsible for light production can be cloned into indicator strains, thus allowing sensitive detection of antimicrobial activity. this study utilized bacterial luciferase genes cloned into staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli and salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium indicator strains and showed that the de ... | 2004 | 15003685 |
| harmonization of antimicrobial susceptibility testing among veterinary diagnostic laboratories in the five nordic countries. | a total of 100 bacterial strains (25 escherichia coli, 25 salmonella enterica, 25 staphylococcus aureus, and 25 enterococcus strains) and four reference strains were tested for susceptibility toward 8-12 antimicrobial agents in 12 veterinary diagnostic laboratories in the five nordic countries using routine methodology. in addition, the 25 enterococcus strains were identified to species level. a total of 22,598 (97.2%) out of 23,259 test results were in accordance when the data were categorized ... | 2003 | 15000745 |
| postmarketing safety surveillance for typhoid fever vaccines from the vaccine adverse event reporting system, july 1990 through june 2002. | vaccines against salmonella enterica serotype typhi are used for prophylaxis of international travelers and have potential use as counterbioterrorism agents. the vaccine adverse event reporting system (vaers) cannot usually establish causal relationships between vaccines and reported adverse events without further research but has successfully detected unrecognized side effects of vaccine. we reviewed reports to vaers for us-licensed typhoid fever vaccines for the period of july 1990 through jun ... | 2004 | 14999618 |
| the eutd gene of salmonella enterica encodes a protein with phosphotransacetylase enzyme activity. | the eutd protein of salmonella enterica is homologous to the catalytic domain of the phosphotransacetylase (pta) enzyme. the pta-like activity level of the eutd enzyme compared favorably to that of other pta enzymes. high-pressure liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry verified that acetyl-coenzyme a was the product of the reaction. the eutd protein restored growth of an s. enterica pta strain on acetate as the source of carbon and energy. | 2004 | 14996820 |
| isolation and characterization of beta-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein reductase (fabg) mutants of escherichia coli and salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | fabg, beta-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein (acp) reductase, performs the nadph-dependent reduction of beta-ketoacyl-acp substrates to beta-hydroxyacyl-acp products, the first reductive step in the elongation cycle of fatty acid biosynthesis. we report the first documented fabg mutants and their characterization. by chemical mutagenesis followed by a tritium suicide procedure, we obtained three conditionally lethal temperature-sensitive fabg mutants. the escherichia coli [fabg (ts)] mutant contains ... | 2004 | 14996818 |
| identification of an archaeal type ii isopentenyl diphosphate isomerase in methanothermobacter thermautotrophicus. | isopentenyl diphosphate (ipp):dimethylallyl diphosphate isomerase catalyzes the interconversion of the fundamental five-carbon homoallylic and allylic diphosphate building blocks required for biosynthesis of isoprenoid compounds. two different isomerases have been reported. the type i enzyme, first characterized in the late 1950s, is widely distributed in eukaryota and eubacteria. the type ii enzyme was recently discovered in streptomyces sp. strain cl190. open reading frame 48 (orf48) in the ar ... | 2004 | 14996812 |
| dna amplification and rearrangements in archival salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium lt2 cultures. | variations in genome size and gene order were observed in archival salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium cultures stored for over 40 years. in one strain, microarray analysis revealed a large, stable amplification. pcr analysis of the same strain revealed a genomic duplication that underwent a translocation. other strains had smaller duplications and deletions. these results demonstrate that storage in stabs over time at room temperature not only allows for further bacterial growth but also ma ... | 2004 | 14996798 |
| the tricarballylate utilization (tcurabc) genes of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium lt2. | the genes of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium lt2 encoding functions needed for the utilization of tricarballylate as a carbon and energy source were identified and their locations in the chromosome were established. three of the tricarballylate utilization (tcu) genes, tcuabc, are organized as an operon; a fourth gene, tcur, is located immediately 5' to the tcuabc operon. the tcuabc operon and tcur gene share the same direction of transcription but are independently transcribed. the tcur ... | 2004 | 14996793 |
| cbiz, an amidohydrolase enzyme required for salvaging the coenzyme b12 precursor cobinamide in archaea. | the existence of a pathway for salvaging the coenzyme b(12) precursor dicyanocobinamide (cbi) from the environment was established by genetic and biochemical means. the pathway requires the function of a previously unidentified amidohydrolase enzyme that converts adenosylcobinamide to adenosylcobyric acid, a bona fide intermediate of the de novo coenzyme b(12) biosynthetic route. the cbiz gene of the methanogenic archaeon methanosarcina mazei strain göl was cloned, was overproduced in escherichi ... | 2004 | 14990804 |
| role of tolc and parc mutation in high-level fluoroquinolone resistance in salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium dt204. | to study the role of tolc and of parc mutation in high-level fluoroquinolone resistance in clonal clinical strains of salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium phage type dt204 (s. typhimurium dt204). | 2004 | 14985270 |
| a child with salmonella enterica serotype paratyphi b infection acquired from a fish tank. | 2004 | 14984347 | |
| structure-function discrimination of the n- and c- catalytic domains of human angiotensin-converting enzyme: implications for cl- activation and peptide hydrolysis mechanisms. | human somatic angiotensin i-converting enzyme (sace) has two active sites present in two sequence homologous protein domains (ace_n and ace_c) possessing several biochemical features that differentiate the two active sites (i.e. chloride ion activation). based on the recently solved x-ray structure of testis angiotensin-converting enzyme (tace), the 3d structure of ace_n was modeled. electrostatic potential calculations reveal that the ace_n binding groove is significantly more positively charge ... | 2003 | 14983080 |
| tetracycline and streptomycin resistance genes, transposons, and plasmids in salmonella enterica isolates from animals in italy. | fifty-eight multidrug-resistant salmonella enterica strains of 20 serotypes, isolated from animal sources in italy, were analyzed for tet(a) and stra-strb, conferring tetracycline and streptomycin resistance, respectively. the stra and strb genes were highly prevalent in salmonella strains of our collection, being detected in 84% of the streptomycin-resistant strains. in many strains, the stra and strb genes were linked to a particular tn5393-derivative transposon characterized by the presence o ... | 2004 | 14982782 |
| estimation of the salmonella enterica prevalence in finishing swine. | the study objective was to evaluate three methods of salmonella enterica prevalence estimation in swine herds (faecal culture, culture of abattoir-collected samples, and serum elisa). from each of six swine herds, we necropsied approximately 100 finishing pigs (> 70 kg); one-half on farm and the other half at the abattoir, after transport and approximately 2.5 h holding. we collected the same samples for s. enterica culture at both locations (1 g faecal, 10 g caecal contents, ileocaecal lymph no ... | 2004 | 14979598 |
| faecal shedding and intestinal colonization of salmonella enterica in in-bred chickens: the effect of host-genetic background. | considerable and reproducible differences were observed in the amount and duration of faecal excretion when in-bred lines of chickens were infected orally with s. enterica serovar typhimurium at 6 weeks of age after being given a gut flora preparation when newly hatched. similar but less pronounced results were observed with s. enteritidis or s. infantis. differences in the viable numbers of the inoculated bacteria in caecal contents were detectable within 24 h of inoculation. no major differenc ... | 2004 | 14979597 |
| the dnak/dnaj chaperone machinery of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium is essential for invasion of epithelial cells and survival within macrophages, leading to systemic infection. | salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium, similar to various facultative intracellular pathogens, has been shown to respond to the hostile conditions inside macrophages of the host organism by inducing stress proteins, such as dnak. dnak forms a chaperone machinery with the cochaperones dnaj and grpe. to elucidate the role of the dnak chaperone machinery in the pathogenesis of s. enterica serovar typhimurium, we first constructed an insertional mutation in the dnak-dnaj operon of pathogenic strai ... | 2004 | 14977940 |
| effect of disinfectants on the metabolism of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis. | antimicrobial activity of 19 commercially manufactured disinfectant substances on a salmonella enteritidis strain was determined. the substances represented 8 quaternary ammonium salts (qas) and 10 qas combined with other additives. the antimicrobial efficacy was characterized by influencing the growth of bacterial cells expressed as mic and ed50 values as well as by the inhibition of the incorporation rate of 14c-adenine and 14c-leucine. according to their efficacy the disinfectants were divide ... | 2003 | 14976722 |
| effect of dietary mannanoligosaccharide and sodium chlorate on the growth performance, acute-phase response, and bacterial shedding of weaned pigs challenged with salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium. | a 28-d experiment evaluated the growth, acute-phase response, and bacterial shedding patterns in pigs (n = 96; initially 6.8 +/- 1.3 kg) fed mannanoligosaccharides (mannan) and sodium chlorate (chlorate) before and after oral challenge with salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium (st). the negative control diet contained no antimicrobial (con), and the positive control contained carbadox (carb; 55 ppm). test diets contained (as-fed basis) mannan (1,500 ppm) or chlorate (800 ppm). pigs were fed ... | 2004 | 14974536 |
| microtubule motors control membrane dynamics of salmonella-containing vacuoles. | infection of host cells by salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium (s. typhimurium) leads to the formation of specialised membrane-bound compartments called salmonella-containing vacuoles (scvs). bacteria remain enclosed by the vacuolar membrane as they divide, and by translocating effector proteins across the vacuolar membrane through the spi-2 type iii secretion system, they interfere with host cell processes in ways that promote bacterial growth. one such effector is sifa, which is required t ... | 2004 | 14970261 |
| antimicrobial activity of a low-molecular-weight chitosan obtained from cellulase digestion of chitosan. | a water-soluble chitosan hydrolysate with high activity against escherichia coli was obtained during cellulase digestion of chitosan for 18 h. this 18-h hydrolysate is composed of low-molecular-weight chitosan (lmwc), with a molecular weight of 12.0 kda, and chitooligosaccharides, which are composed of sugars with a degree of polymerization of 1 to 8. lmwc has a strong activity at 100 ppm against many pathogens and yeast species, including bacillus cereus, e. coli, staphylococcus aureus, pseudom ... | 2004 | 14968977 |
| inhibition of foodborne bacteria by the lactoperoxidase system in a beef cube system. | biopreservatives are being developed to inhibit the growth of foodborne pathogens and thus improve food safety. the lactoperoxidase system (lps) is a naturally occurring system that has potential for use as an antimicrobial agent in foods. growth of single strains of the pathogens staphylococcus aureus, listeria monocytogenes, escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium, yersinia enterocolitica, pseudomonas aeruginosa and beef microflora were assessed on lps ... | 2004 | 14967562 |
| epidemiology of salmonella enterica serotype typhi infections in korea for recent 9 years: trends of antimicrobial resistance. | the aim of this study is to characterize the epidemiological features of typhoid fever, categorized as class 1 notifiable disease in korea and to analyze the recent change of antimicrobial resistance of salmonella enterica serotype typhi isolated nationwide. we retrospectively analyzed the 1,692 culture-proven cases from 1992 to 2000, using the data of the korean national institute of health. the overall incidence of culture-proven typhoid fever was 0.41 per 100,000 population. it occurred all o ... | 2004 | 14966335 |
| modulation of anti-pathogenic activity in canine-derived lactobacillus species by carbohydrate growth substrate. | to investigate the effect of various carbon sources on the production of extracellular antagonistic compounds against two escherichia coli strains and salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium by three canine-derived lactobacilli strains. | 2004 | 14962135 |
| in vivo characterization of lactobacillus johnsonii fi9785 for use as a defined competitive exclusion agent against bacterial pathogens in poultry. | to test the efficacy of lactobacillus johnsonii fi9785 in reducing the colonization and shedding of salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis, escherichia coli o78:k80 and clostridium perfringens in poultry. | 2004 | 14962040 |
| reduced minimum inhibitory concentration of chloramphenicol for salmonella enterica serovar typhi. | ciprofloxacin replaced chloramphenicol (c), the best choice of antibiotic in the treatment of enteric fever, when c-resistant enteric fever emerged and caused outbreaks in different parts of the world. c-sensitive s. enterica serovar typhi emerged again due to withdrawal of the antibiotic pressure. | 2004 | 14960797 |
| fresh garlic: a possible vehicle for salmonella virchow. | a sustained increase in salmonella enterica serovar virchow notifications in south eastern australia between september 1997 and may 1998 instigated a case-control study and environmental investigations. cases were defined as having locally acquired culture-confirmed s. virchow phage-type 8 infection and diarrhoeal disease. matched controls were selected by progressive digit dialling based on cases' telephone numbers. an exposure and food history questionnaire was administered by telephone. phage ... | 2003 | 14959768 |
| bacteremia due to salmonella choleraesuis, variety kunzendorf (paratyphoid c), complicated by ruptured aortic aneurysm. | 1952 | 14929366 | |
| urease production by salmonella choleraesuis. | 1952 | 14902723 | |
| [resistance of experimental infection with salmonella cholerae suis var. kunzendorf of guinea pigs vaccinated and treated with chloramphenicol]. | 1951 | 14895645 | |
| terramycin hydrochloride in the treatment of salmonella choleraesuis bacteremia. | 1951 | 14827638 | |
| [attempt at attenuation of suipestiferic virus through passage in the organism of hyperimmunized animals]. | 1950 | 14800477 | |
| notes on salmonella cholerae suis-kunzendorf infection; report of a case treated with chloromycetin. | 1950 | 14783799 | |
| crystal structure of yeast acetyl-coenzyme a synthetase in complex with amp. | acetyl-coenzyme a synthetase (acs) belongs to the family of amp-forming enzymes that also includes acyl-coa synthetases, firefly luciferase, and nonribosomal peptide synthetases. acs catalyzes the two-step activation of acetate to acetyl-coa: formation of an acetyl-amp intermediate from acetate and atp and the transfer of the acetyl group to coa. in mammals, the acetyl-coa product is used for biosynthesis of long chain fatty acids as well as energy production. we have determined the crystal stru ... | 2004 | 14769018 |
| structure and biological activity of the short-chain lipopolysaccharide from bartonella henselae atcc 49882t. | the facultative intracellular pathogen bartonella henselae is responsible for a broad range of clinical manifestations, including the formation of vascular tumors as a result of increased proliferation and survival of colonized endothelial cells. this remarkable interaction with endotoxin-sensitive endothelial cells and the apparent lack of septic shock are considered to be due to a reduced endotoxic activity of the b. henselae lipopolysaccharide. here, we show that b. henselae atcc 49882(t) pro ... | 2004 | 14766898 |
| diversity of phage types among archived cultures of the demerec collection of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium strains. | the existence of several thousand salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium lt2 and lt7 cultures originally collected by m. demerec and sealed in agar stab vials for 33 to 46 years is a resource for evolutionary and mutational studies. cultures from 74 of these vials, descendants of cells sealed and stored in nutrient agar stabs several decades ago, were phage typed by the callow and felix, lilleengen, and anderson systems. among 53 lt2 archived strains, 16 had the same phage type as the nonarchiv ... | 2004 | 14766539 |
| disruption of type iii secretion in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium by external guide sequences. | the type iii secretion system involved in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium invasion of host cells has been disrupted using inducibly expressed oligonucleotide external guide sequences (egss) complementary to invb or invc mrna. these egss direct single site cleavage in these mrnas by endogenous rnase p, and their expression in salmonella results in invc mrna and invc protein depletion, decreased type iii secretion and interference with host cell invasion. comparison of these effects with t ... | 2004 | 14762212 |
| invb is required for type iii-dependent secretion of sopa in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | the salmonella effector protein sopa is translocated into host cells via the spi-1 type iii secretion system (ttss) and contributes to enteric disease. we found that the chaperone invb binds to sopa and slightly stabilizes it in the bacterial cytosol and that it is required for its transport via the spi-1 ttss. | 2004 | 14762020 |
| genetic and structural characterization of the core region of the lipopolysaccharide from serratia marcescens n28b (serovar o4). | the gene cluster (waa) involved in serratia marcescens n28b core lipopolysaccharide (lps) biosynthesis was identified, cloned, and sequenced. complementation analysis of known waa mutants from escherichia coli k-12, salmonella enterica, and klebsiella pneumoniae led to the identification of five genes coding for products involved in the biosynthesis of a shared inner core structure: [l,d-heppiiialpha(1-->7)-l,d-heppiialpha(1-->3)-l,d-heppialpha(1-->5)-kdopi(4<--2)alphakdopii] (l,d-hepp, l-glycer ... | 2004 | 14761992 |
| h-ns represses salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium dsba expression during exponential growth. | disulfide bond formation catalyzed by disulfide oxidoreductases occurs in the periplasm and plays a major role in the proper folding and integrity of many proteins. in this study, we were interested in elucidating factors that influence the regulation of dsba, a gene coding for the primary disulfide oxidoreductase found in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. strains with mutations created by transposon mutagenesis were screened for strains with altered expression of dsba. a mutant (nlm2173) ... | 2004 | 14761985 |
| molecular characterisation of an outbreak strain of multiresistant salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium dt104 in the uk. | a major national outbreak of multiresistant salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium definitive phage type 104 (mr dt104) occurred in england and wales in the summer of 2000. isolates of mr dt104 were characterised by antimicrobial resistance type (r-type), pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge), plasmid profiling and fluorescent amplified fragment length polymorphism (faflp) analysis. results of r-type, pfge and faflp showed that summer 2000 outbreak-associated isolates were indistinguishable f ... | 2004 | 14759239 |
| prevalence of salmonella shedding in faeces by captive chelonians. | 2004 | 14758834 | |
| effect of iron limitation on the growth and cytotoxin production of salmonella choleraesuis sc-5. | this study investigated the effect of iron limitation on the growth and cytotoxin production of salmonella choleraesuis and examined the iron-accruing capability of various salmonella strains. it was found that the growth of s. choleraesuis sc-5 was retarded by the presence of iron-chelating agents, 2,2'-dipyridyl or ethylenediamine di-o-hydroxyphenylactic acid (edda). addition of 2,2'-dipyridyl to trypticase soy broth (tsb) resulted in a smaller maximum population of s. choleraesuis noted at th ... | 2004 | 14751684 |
| treatment of experimental sepsis-induced immunoparalysis with tnf. | following a severe septic abdominal infection induced by sublethal cecal ligation and puncture (clp) in mice, a phase of depressed immune reactivity occurred two days after clp characterized by a reduced capacity to produce tnf. to determine whether this reduced tnf production causes immunoparalysis as determined by increased susceptibility to bacterial infection and whether therapeutic tnf substitution can be beneficial during this phase, a super-infection with salmonella enterica serovar typhi ... | 2003 | 14748511 |
| increased burden of illness associated with antimicrobial-resistant salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium infections. | this study investigated the burden of illness associated with 440 cases of salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium infection identified in canada between december 1999 and november 2000. we categorized case subjects' infections by definitive phage type 104 (dt104) and antimicrobial-resistance patterns. these variables were then investigated as risk factors for hospitalization. hospitalization was more likely to occur among case subjects whose infections were resistant to at least ampicillin, ch ... | 2004 | 14745694 |
| the ferritin-like dps protein is required for salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium oxidative stress resistance and virulence. | resistance to phagocyte-derived reactive oxygen species is essential for salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium pathogenesis. salmonella can enhance its resistance to oxidants through the induction of specific genetic pathways controlled by soxrs, oxyr, sigma(s), sigma(e), slya, and reca. these regulons can be found in a wide variety of pathogenic and environmental bacteria, suggesting that evolutionarily conserved mechanisms defend against oxidative stress both endogenously generated by aerobi ... | 2004 | 14742565 |
| salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium requires nonsterol precursors of the cholesterol biosynthetic pathway for intracellular proliferation. | we have previously shown that salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium infection perturbs the host cholesterol biosynthetic pathway. here we show that inhibiting the first step of this pathway (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme a reductase) reduces the growth of intracellular s. enterica serovar typhimurium and has no effect on extracellular bacterial growth. selectively inhibiting synthesis of downstream sterol components has no effect on infection, suggesting that the effect of statins on hos ... | 2004 | 14742551 |
| salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium rama, intracellular oxidative stress response, and bacterial virulence. | escherichia coli and salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium have evolved genetic systems, such as the soxr/s and mara regulons, to detoxify reactive oxygen species, like superoxide, which are formed as by-products of metabolism. superoxide also serves as a microbicidal effector mechanism of the host's phagocytes. here, we investigate whether regulatory genes other than soxr/s and mara are active in response to oxidative stress in salmonella and may function as virulence determinants. we identif ... | 2004 | 14742546 |
| role of the salmonella pathogenicity island 1 effector proteins sipa, sopb, sope, and sope2 in salmonella enterica subspecies 1 serovar typhimurium colitis in streptomycin-pretreated mice. | salmonella enterica subspecies 1 serovar typhimurium (serovar typhimurium) induces enterocolitis in humans and cattle. the mechanisms of enteric salmonellosis have been studied most extensively in calf infection models. the previous studies established that effector protein translocation into host cells via the salmonella pathogenicity island 1 (spi-1) type iii secretion system (ttss) is of central importance in serovar typhimurium enterocolitis. we recently found that orally streptomycin-pretre ... | 2004 | 14742523 |
| immunogenicity against human papillomavirus type 16 virus-like particles is strongly enhanced by the phopc phenotype in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | recombinant salmonella strains have been widely used to deliver heterologous antigens and induce immune responses in vaccinated animals and humans. it remains to be established, however, how these bacteria mount an immune response; this has prevented the rational design of vaccines. here we report for the first time that a particular genetic program, phopc, is necessary for recombinant salmonella strains to induce an antibody response to a heterologous antigen, the human papillomaviruses type 16 ... | 2004 | 14742517 |
| first canadian salmonella enterica serovar typhi isolate harboring an integron. | 2004 | 14742240 | |
| genetic analysis and complete primary structure of microcin l. | escherichia coli lr05, in addition to producing mccb17, j25, and d93, secretes microcin l, a newly discovered microcin that exhibits strong antibacterial activity against related enterobacteriaceae, including salmonella enterica serovars typhimurium and enteritidis. microcin l was purified using a two-step procedure including solid-phase extraction and reverse-phase c(18) high-performance liquid chromatography. a 4,901-bp region of the dna plasmid of e. coli lr05 was sequenced revealing that the ... | 2004 | 14742202 |
| antimicrobial resistance of commensal escherichia coli from dairy cattle associated with recent multi-resistant salmonellosis outbreaks. | the use of antimicrobial drugs in livestock is suspected to contribute to bacterial antimicrobial resistance (ar) development. dairy farms experiencing recent outbreaks of salmonellosis involving multi-resistant (mr) salmonella strains were compared to control farms with respect to ar among bovine commensal e. coli isolates. for most antimicrobials tested, the percentage of ar e. coli isolated from salmonellosis-affected farms was significantly higher than that from control farms. calf e. coli f ... | 2004 | 14738782 |
| typhoid fever. | typhoid fever is caused by infection with salmonella enterica serovar typhi. the completion of the genome sequence of two salmonella enterica serovar typhi isolates is leading to new insights into the biology of this pathogen. approximately 16 million cases occur worldwide each year. the lack of culture facilities in endemic areas and the poor performance of the widal test means the disease is frequently unconfirmed. simple new serologic tests are being developed and show promise. resistance to ... | 2004 | 14733846 |
| changes in circulating insulin-like growth factor-i, insulin-like growth factor binding proteins, and leptin in weaned pigs infected with salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | one of the hallmarks of the pathophysiology of enteric disease in young pigs is reduced growth performance. this reduction in growth is associated with changes in the endocrine somatotropic growth axis. our laboratory previously demonstrated that circulating insulin-like growth factor-i (igf-i) was reduced in pigs infected with salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium (s. typhimurium) while circulating growth hormone remained unchanged. the objective of the current study was to determine if infec ... | 2004 | 14732452 |
| antibiotic resistance genes, integrons and multiple antibiotic resistance in thirty-five serotypes of salmonella enterica isolated from humans and animals in the uk. | to examine 397 strains of salmonella enterica of human and animal origin comprising 35 serotypes for the presence of aadb, aphai-iab, aada1, aada2, bla(carb(2)) or pse1, bla(tem), cat1, cat2, dhfr1, flor, stra, sul1, sul2, teta(a), teta(b) and teta(g) genes, the presence of class 1 integrons and the relationship of resistance genes to integrons and antibiotic resistance. | 2004 | 14729766 |
| antimicrobial susceptibility of salmonella isolated from cattle, swine and poultry (2001-2002): report from the japanese veterinary antimicrobial resistance monitoring program. | the japanese veterinary antimicrobial resistance monitoring (jvarm) program was established in 1999 to examine the susceptibility of bacteria from food-producing animals to antimicrobial agents. this study tested the susceptibility of salmonella isolates collected during 2001-2002 to 20 antimicrobials. materials and methods: mics of antimicrobial agents were determined using the nccls agar dilution method, and interpreted according to breakpoints obtained from the bimodal mic distributions. | 2004 | 14729740 |
| reduced transaminase b (ilve) activity caused by the lack of yjgf is dependent on the status of threonine deaminase (ilva) in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | the yjgf/yer057c/uk114 family is a highly conserved class of proteins that is represented in the three domains of life. thus far, a biochemical function demonstrated for these proteins in vivo or in vitro has yet to be defined. in several organisms, strains lacking a yjgf homolog have a defect in branched-chain amino acid biosynthesis. this study probes the connection between yjgf and isoleucine biosynthesis in salmonella enterica. in strains lacking yjgf the specific activity of transaminase b, ... | 2004 | 14729707 |
| formation of thiolated nucleosides present in trna from salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium occurs in two principally distinct pathways. | trna from salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium contains five thiolated nucleosides, 2-thiocytidine (s(2)c), 4-thiouridine (s(4)u), 5-methylaminomethyl-2-thiouridine (mnm(5)s(2)u), 5-carboxymethylaminomethyl-2-thiouridine (cmnm(5)s(2)u), and n-6-(4-hydroxyisopentenyl)-2-methylthioadenosine (ms(2)io(6)a). the levels of all of them are significantly reduced in cells with a mutated iscs gene, which encodes the cysteine desulfurase iscs, a member of the isc machinery that is responsible for [fe-s] ... | 2004 | 14729702 |
| the conserved cys-x1-x2-cys motif present in the ttca protein is required for the thiolation of cytidine in position 32 of trna from salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | the modified nucleoside 2-thiocytidine (s(2)c) has so far been found in trna from organisms belonging to the phylogenetic domains archaea and bacteria. in the bacteria escherichia coli and salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium, s(2)c is present in position 32 of only four trna species-, and. an in-frame deletion of an s. enterica gene (designated ttca, for "two-thio-cytidine") was constructed, and such a mutant has no detectable s(2)c in its trna. the ttca protein family is characterized by th ... | 2004 | 14729701 |
| changes in salmonella enterica serovar oranienburg viability caused by nacl-induced osmotic stress is related to dna relaxation by the h-ns protein during host infection. | the nacl sensitivity of salmonella enterica serovar oranienburg strains depends on their origin. we found previously that food- and patient-origin isolates in an outbreak were, respectively, nacl-resistant and nacl-sensitive, and the nacl-resistant strain of food-origin isolates became nacl-sensitive after passage of the strain through mice [fems microbiol. lett. 212 (2002) 87]. here, we report that this phenotypic difference is mainly dependent on topological changes regulated by h-ns, a bacter ... | 2004 | 14726232 |
| salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis, japan. | 2003 | 14725308 | |
| evaluation of an indirect serum elisa and a bacteriological faecal culture test for diagnosis of salmonella serotype dublin in cattle using latent class models. | to evaluate a conventional bacteriological test based on faecal culture and an indirect serum elisa for detection of s. dublin infected cattle. to compare the predictive values of the two tests in relation to the prevalence. | 2004 | 14723692 |
| brain abscess caused by salmonella enterica subspecies houtenae in a patient with chronic granulomatous disease. | a 44-month-old boy with chronic granulomatous disease has been suffering from fever and skin rash for 7 days prior to admission. the blood culture obtained on admission revealed salmonella enterica subspecies houtenae. he received intravenous ceftriaxone therapy during his hospital stay and oral cefixime after discharge. unfortunately, the same symptoms recurred 2 weeks after discontinuing cefixime and the culture from the aspirate of a skin nodule yielded the same microorganism again. he receiv ... | 2003 | 14723260 |
| diversity of salmonella serovars in feedyard and nonfeedyard playas of the southern high plains in the summer and winter. | to compare salmonella isolates cultured from feedyard and nonfeedyard (control) playas (ie, temporary shallow lakes) of the southern high plains. | 2004 | 14719700 |
| fluoroquinolone resistance linked to gyra, gyrb, and parc mutations in salmonella enterica typhimurium isolates in humans. | we report two cases of infection with clonally unrelated, high-level ciprofloxacin-resistant, b-lactamase-producing strains of salmonella enterica typhimurium. resistance was caused by four topoisomerase mutations, in gyra, gyrb, and parc and increased drug efflux. ciprofloxacin treatment failed in one case. in the second case, reduced susceptibility to third-generation cephalosporins occurred after initial treatment with these drugs and may explain the treatment failure with ceftriaxone. | 2003 | 14718091 |
| a rapid and automated fiber optic-based biosensor assay for the detection of salmonella in spent irrigation water used in the sprouting of sprout seeds. | recent outbreaks of foodborne illness have been linked to the consumption of contaminated sprouts. the spent irrigation water used to irrigate sprouts can carry many microorganisms, including pathogenic strains of escherichia coli and salmonella enterica. these pathogens are believed to originate from the seeds. the u.s. food and drug administration recommends that sprout producers conduct microbiological testing of spent irrigation water from each production lot at least 48 h after seeds have g ... | 2004 | 14717350 |
| prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of serogroup d nontyphoidal salmonella in a university hospital in taiwan. | the incidence of serogroup d salmonella has been increasing in taiwan. most of these isolates belonged to salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis and showed a relatively higher rate of resistance to sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim than to other antimicrobial agents. the results of molecular experiments indicated that genes responsible for the resistance were located on plasmids. the resistance may occur via horizontal gene transfer. furthermore, the first identification of ciprofloxacin and ceftri ... | 2004 | 14715794 |