Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| role of the ggdef protein family in salmonella cellulose biosynthesis and biofilm formation. | salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium is capable of producing cellulose as the main exopolysaccharide compound of the biofilm matrix. it has been shown for gluconacetobacter xylinum that cellulose biosynthesis is allosterically regulated by bis-(3',5') cyclic diguanylic acid, whose synthesis/degradation depends on diguanylate cyclase/phosphodiesterase enzymatic activities. a protein domain, named ggdef, is present in all diguanylate cyclase/phosphodiesterase enzymes that have been studied to d ... | 2004 | 15458421 |
| intraspecies variability in the dose-response relationship for salmonella enteritidis associated with genetic differences in cellular immune response. | to evaluate the effects of differences in host cellular immunity, we studied the dose-response relationship for infection with salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis (se) in two different rat strains, skewed towards t helper 1 (th1, lewis rats) or t helper 2 (th2, brown norway rats) immunoregulation. rats were exposed orally to different doses of se after overnight starvation and neutralization of gastric acid. animals were observed for clinical signs of disease, fecal excretion and se load in ... | 2004 | 15453596 |
| antibacterial effect of water-soluble arrowroot (puerariae radix) tea extracts on foodborne pathogens in ground beef and mushroom soup. | antimicrobial activity of water-soluble arrowroot tea extract was evaluated against escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis, listeria monocytogenes, and staphylococcus aureus in ground beef and mushroom soup. the concentrations of arrowroot tea used were 0, 3, and 6% (wt/wt) for ground beef and 0, 1, 5, and 10% (wt/vol) for mushroom soup. samples without tea extract were considered controls. each sample was stored for 0, 1, 3, 5, and 7 days at 7 degrees c for ground be ... | 2004 | 15453588 |
| experimental use of 2-nitropropanol for reduction of salmonella typhimurium in the ceca of broiler chicks. | the effect of 2-nitropropanol (2npoh) administration on salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium in experimentally infected chicks was determined. chicks orally challenged with 10(6) cfu/ml of a novobiocin- and naladixic acid-resistant salmonella typhimurium at 6 days of age were divided into three groups receiving 0 (control), 6.5, and 13 mg 2npoh per bird (experiment 1) or four groups receiving 0 (control), 13, 65, and 130 mg 2npoh per bird (experiment 2). treatments were administered orally 1 ... | 2004 | 15453586 |
| effect of thermoultrasonication on salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis in distilled water and intact shell eggs. | the combined effects of simultaneous application of ultrasonic waves and heat treatment (thermoultrasonication) on the survival of a strain of salmonella enterica enteritidis was studied in both distilled water and intentionally contaminated intact eggs immersed in water. although minor differences were observed between parameters obtained for thermoultrasonic treatment of bacteria suspended in water and those attached to the shell egg, the thermoultrasonication effects were considered to be of ... | 2004 | 15453578 |
| analysis of integrons in human isolates of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium isolated in the slovak republic. | about 110 sporadic, epidemiologically unrelated salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium strains isolated in the slovak republic were analyzed for the presence of integrons. of these 110 examined strains, 47 were of definitive phage type dt104 and 63 were strains of various phage type, rdnc and untypeable, designated here as non-dt104 strains. all isolates were also tested for antimicrobial resistance to 10 antibiotics as well as for the presence of virulence plasmid. of 63 non-dt104 strains, 15 ... | 2004 | 15451097 |
| chemotaxis in vibrio cholerae. | the ability of motile bacteria to swim toward or away from specific environmental stimuli, such as nutrients, oxygen, or light provides cells with a survival advantage, especially under nutrient-limiting conditions. this behavior, called chemotaxis, is mediated by the bacteria changing direction by briefly reversing the direction of rotation of the flagellar motors. a sophisticated signal transduction system, consisting of signal transducer proteins, a histidine kinase, a response regulator, a c ... | 2004 | 15451094 |
| international dissemination of antibiotic resistant strains of bacterial pathogens. | the increasing incidence of methicillin and multiple resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) in nosocomial infections is mainly associated with a wide, international dissemination of well defined clonal lineages (epidemic mrsa) which are clearly different from community acquired mrsa by molecular typing patterns and structure of the staphylococcal cassette chromosome containing the meca gene. although belonging to a definite subpopulation within the species enterococcus faecium, hospital associat ... | 2004 | 15450197 |
| prevalence of mutations within the quinolone resistance-determining region of gyra, gyrb, parc, and pare and association with antibiotic resistance in quinolone-resistant salmonella enterica. | salmonella enterica isolates (n = 182) were examined for mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining region of gyra, gyrb, parc, and pare. the frequency, location, and type of gyra substitution varied with the serovar. mutations were found in parc that encoded thr57-ser, thr66-ile, and ser80-arg substitutions. mutations in the gyrb quinolone resistance-determining region were located at codon tyr420-cys or arg437-leu. novel mutations were also found in pare encoding glu453-gly, his461-tyr, ... | 2004 | 15388468 |
| fusidic acid-resistant mutants of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium have low levels of heme and a reduced rate of respiration and are sensitive to oxidative stress. | mutations in the translation elongation factor g (ef-g) make salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium resistant to the antibiotic fusidic acid. fus(r) mutants are hypersensitive to oxidative stress and rapidly lose viability in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. we show that this phenotype is associated with reduced activity of two catalase enzymes, hpi (a bifunctional catalase-hydroperoxidase) and hpii (a monofunctional catalase). these catalases require the iron-binding cofactor heme for their ... | 2004 | 15388448 |
| variant salmonella genomic island 1 antibiotic resistance gene cluster containing a novel 3'-n-aminoglycoside acetyltransferase gene cassette, aac(3)-id, in salmonella enterica serovar newport. | salmonella genomic island 1 (sgi1) harbors an antibiotic resistance gene cluster and was previously identified in the multidrug-resistant salmonella enterica serovars typhimurium dt104, agona, paratyphi b, and albany. this antibiotic resistance gene cluster is a complex class 1 integron and most often confers resistance to ampicillin (ap), chloramphenicol (cm)/florfenicol (ff), streptomycin (sm)/spectinomycin (sp), sulfonamides (su), and tetracycline (tc) (apcmffsmspsutc profile). recently, vari ... | 2004 | 15388438 |
| increasing prevalence of quinolone resistance in human nontyphoid salmonella enterica isolates obtained in spain from 1981 to 2003. | from january 1981 to december 2003, susceptibility to nalidixic acid was tested in 10,504 nontyphoid salmonella enterica isolates from patients with acute enteric disease in gipuzkoa, spain. the prevalence of nalidixic acid resistance steadily increased from less than 0.5% before 1991 to 38.5% in 2003, mainly due to the increase in resistance among isolates of the most prevalent serovar, s. enterica serovar enteritidis. for nalidixic acid-resistant isolates, the ciprofloxacin mic was eightfold h ... | 2004 | 15388435 |
| acrab-tolc directs efflux-mediated multidrug resistance in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium dt104. | multidrug-resistant salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium definitive phage type 104 (dt104) strains harbor a genomic island, called salmonella genomic island 1 (sgi1), which contains an antibiotic resistance gene cluster conferring resistance to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, florfenicol, streptomycin, sulfonamides, and tetracyclines. they may be additionally resistant to quinolones. among the antibiotic resistance genes there are two, i.e., flor and tet(g), which code for efflux pumps of the ma ... | 2004 | 15388427 |
| repression of the rcsc-yojn-rcsb phosphorelay by the igaa protein is a requisite for salmonella virulence. | bacterial pathogenesis relies on regulators that activate virulence genes. some of them act, in addition, as repressors of specific genes. intracellular-growth-attenuator-a (igaa) is a salmonella enterica membrane protein that prevents overactivation of the rcsc-yojn-rcsb regulatory system. this negative control is critical for growth because disruption of the igaa gene is only possible in rcsc, yojn or rcsb strains. in this work, we examined the contribution of this regulatory circuit to virule ... | 2004 | 15387821 |
| role of b7 costimulatory molecules in mediating systemic and mucosal antibody responses to attenuated salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium and its cloned antigen. | the purpose of the present study was to evaluate the ability of an attenuated salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium vaccine strain to up-regulate b7-1 and b7-2 on antigen-presenting cells and to examine the functional roles these costimulatory molecules play in mediating immune responses to salmonella and to an expressed cloned antigen, the saliva-binding region (sbr) of antigen i/ii. in vitro stimulation of b cells (b220+), macrophages (cd11b+), and dendritic cells (cd11c+) with s. enterica s ... | 2004 | 15385483 |
| structural organization of the pfra virulence-associated plasmid of rhamnose-positive yersinia pestis. | the 137,036-bp plasmid pg8786 from rhamnose-positive yersinia pestis g8786 isolated from the high mountainous caucasian plague focus in georgia is an enlarged form of the pfra virulence-associated plasmid containing genes for synthesis of the antigen fraction 1 and phospholipase d. in addition to the completely conserved genes of the pfra backbone, pg8786 contains two large regions consisting of 4,642 and 32,617 bp, designated regions 1 and 2, respectively. region 1 retains a larger part of salm ... | 2004 | 15385458 |
| identification and characterization of class 1 integron resistance gene cassettes among salmonella strains isolated from healthy humans in china. | twenty-three strains of salmonella spp. isolated from healthy humans in guangdong, china, were examined for their susceptibility to ten common antibiotics and the presence of antibiotic resistance integrons. all the strains were resistant to at least one antibiotic, and 4 strains were positive for the inti1 gene. polymerase chain reaction using in-f and in-b primers showed the existence of amplicons of 1,009 bp in two, 1,664 bp in one, and 1,009 bp and 1,664 bp in one of the inti1 -positive isol ... | 2004 | 15383699 |
| the modified wobble nucleoside uridine-5-oxyacetic acid in trnapro(cmo5ugg) promotes reading of all four proline codons in vivo. | in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium five of the eight family codon boxes are decoded by a trna having the modified nucleoside uridine-5-oxyacetic acid (cmo5u) as a wobble nucleoside present in position 34 of the trna. in the proline family codon box, one (trnaprocmo5ugg) of the three trnas that reads the four proline codons has cmo5u34. according to theoretical predictions and several results obtained in vitro, cmo5u34 should base pair with a, g, and u in the third position of the codon b ... | 2004 | 15383682 |
| photochemical treatment of platelet concentrates with amotosalen and long-wavelength ultraviolet light inactivates a broad spectrum of pathogenic bacteria. | bacterial contamination of platelet (plt) concentrates can result in transfusion-transmitted sepsis. a photochemical treatment (pct) process with amotosalen hcl and long-wavelength ultraviolet light (uva), which cross-links nucleic acids, was developed to inactivate bacteria and other pathogens in plt concentrates. | 2004 | 15383024 |
| phage types, ribotypes and tetracycline resistance genes of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium strains isolated from different origins in italy. | the tetracycline resistance (tet) gene patterns of 52 tetracycline resistant salmonella enterica subsp. enterica (s.) serovar typhimurium isolates collected from animals, food of animal origin, and humans in italy, were investigated to evaluate whether the tet gene patterns could be used for strain differentiation in addition to phage typing and ribotyping. the detection of tet genes was performed by specific pcr assays. ribotyping was performed automatically using pvuii as restriction enzyme. t ... | 2004 | 15381268 |
| detection of integrons and antibiotic-resistance genes in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium isolates with resistance to ampicillin and variable susceptibility to amoxicillin-clavulanate. | we characterized 29 antimicrobial-resistant salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium strains, including four belonging to the monophasic variant 4,5,12:i:-, mostly isolated from infants. they were selected from 3230 strains isolated in the years 1990-2001 on the basis of resistance to ampicillin and variable susceptibility to the amoxicillin-clavulanate combination. twenty-three strains were resistant to more than four antibiotics. all the strains carried the bla(tem) gene and most were able to t ... | 2004 | 15380256 |
| dual effects of mls antibiotics: transcriptional modulation and interactions on the ribosome. | the macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin (mls) antibiotics are an important group of translation inhibitors that act on the 50s ribosome. we show that, at subinhibitory concentrations, members of the mls group modulate specific groups of bacterial promoters, as detected by screening a library of promoter-luxcdabe reporter clones of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. the patterns of transcription permit identification of classes of promoters having differential responses to antibiotics of re ... | 2004 | 15380191 |
| suboptimal clinical response to ciprofloxacin in patients with enteric fever due to salmonella spp. with reduced fluoroquinolone susceptibility: a case series. | salmonella spp. with reduced susceptibility to fluoroquinolones have higher than usual mics to these agents but are still considered "susceptible" by nccls criteria. delayed treatment response to fluoroquinolones has been noted, especially in cases of enteric fever due to such strains. we reviewed the ciprofloxacin susceptibility and clinical outcome of our recent enteric fever cases. | 2004 | 15380025 |
| systemic administration of attenuated salmonella choleraesuis carrying thrombospondin-1 gene leads to tumor-specific transgene expression, delayed tumor growth and prolonged survival in the murine melanoma model. | some anaerobic and facultative anaerobic bacteria have been used experimentally as anticancer agents because of their selective growth in the hypoxia regions of solid tumors after systemic administration. we have previously shown the feasibility of using attenuated salmonella choleraesuis as a gene delivery vector. in this study, we exploited s. choleraesuis carrying thrombospondin-1 (tsp-1) gene for treating primary melanoma and experimental pulmonary metastasis in the syngeneic murine b16f10 m ... | 2005 | 15375381 |
| relationships of the escherichia coli o157, o111, and o55 o-antigen gene clusters with those of salmonella enterica and citrobacter freundii, which express identical o antigens. | escherichia coli o157, salmonella enterica o30, and citrobacter freundii f90 have identical o-antigen structures, as do e. coli o55 and s. enterica o50. the o-antigen gene cluster sequences for e. coli o157 and e. coli o55 have been published, and the genes necessary for o-antigen biosynthesis have been identified, although transferase genes for glycosidic linkages are only generic and have not been allocated to specific linkages. we determined sequences for s. enterica o30 and c. freundii f90 o ... | 2004 | 15375135 |
| burkholderia pseudomallei stimulates low interleukin-8 production in the human lung epithelial cell line a549. | melioidosis is a life-threatening disease caused by burkholderia pseudomallei. the lung is the most commonly affected organ, resulting in abscess formation in patients with chronic melioidosis. previous study has shown that b. pseudomallei was able to invade and multiply in epithelial cells. in the present study, we have demonstrated that b. pseudomallei is able to stimulate interleukin 8 (il-8) production from the human alveolar lung epithelium cell line a549. however, the level of il-8 product ... | 2004 | 15373906 |
| persistent bacterial infections: the interface of the pathogen and the host immune system. | persistent bacterial infections involving mycobacterium tuberculosis, salmonella enterica serovar typhi (s. typhi) and helicobacter pylori pose significant public-health problems. multidrug-resistant strains of m. tuberculosis and s. typhi are on the increase, and m. tuberculosis and s. typhi infections are often associated with hiv infection. this review discusses the strategies used by these bacteria during persistent infections that allow them to colonize specific sites in the host and evade ... | 2004 | 15372085 |
| connecting two-component regulatory systems by a protein that protects a response regulator from dephosphorylation by its cognate sensor. | a fundamental question in signal transduction is how an organism integrates multiple signals into a cellular response. here we report the mechanism by which the salmonella pmra/pmrb two-component system responds to the signal controlling the phop/phoq two-component system. we establish that the phop-activated pmrd protein binds to the phosphorylated form of the response regulator pmra, preventing both its intrinsic dephosphorylation and that promoted by its cognate sensor kinase pmrb. this resul ... | 2004 | 15371344 |
| multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeats analysis of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium using pcr multiplexing and multicolor capillary electrophoresis. | the multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeats analysis (mlva) method is currently being used as the primary typing tool for salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium (s. typhimurium) isolates in our laboratory. our published initial mlva was performed using a single fluorescent dye and the different patterns were assigned from gel images. here we present a new and significantly improved assay using multiple dye colors, enhanced pcr multiplexing and the introduction of two new l ... | 2004 | 15369852 |
| nosocomial outbreak of neonatal salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis meningitis in a rural hospital in northern tanzania. | clinicians at haydom lutheran hospital, a rural hospital in northern tanzania noted an unusually high case-fatality rate of pediatric meningitis and suspected an outbreak of an unknown agent or an organism resistant to the empirical therapy. | 2004 | 15367335 |
| antibacterial activities of plant essential oils and their components against escherichia coli o157:h7 and salmonella enterica in apple juice. | we evaluated 17 plant essential oils and nine oil compounds for antibacterial activity against the foodborne pathogens escherichia coli o157:h7 and salmonella enterica in apple juices in a bactericidal assay in terms of % of the sample that resulted in a 50% decrease in the number of bacteria (ba(50)). the 10 compounds most active against e. coli (60 min ba(50) range in clear juice, 0.018-0.093%) were carvacrol, oregano oil, geraniol, eugenol, cinnamon leaf oil, citral, clove bud oil, lemongrass ... | 2004 | 15366861 |
| early interactions of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium with human small intestinal epithelial explants. | salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium (s typhimurium) causes invasive gastroenteritis in humans, a disease involving significant penetration of the intestinal mucosa. however, few studies have been undertaken to investigate this interaction directly using differentiated human gut tissue. | 2004 | 15361488 |
| characterization of extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase (ctx-m-15)-producing strains of salmonella enterica isolated in france and senegal. | three clinical isolates of salmonella enterica recovered between 2000 and 2003 in france and senegal were found to produce extended-spectrum beta-lactamase ctx-m-15. the two isolates from senegal were recovered from stool of a hospitalized patient with gastroenteritis in 2000 and from an urine specimen of an out-patient with urinary tract infection in 2001. these s. enterica isolates belonged to serotype kentucky and were clonally related as determined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and aut ... | 2004 | 15358420 |
| characterization of the second long polar (lp) fimbriae of escherichia coli o157:h7 and distribution of lp fimbriae in other pathogenic e. coli strains. | a second region containing five genes homologous to the long polar fimbrial operon of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium is located in the chromosome of enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli (ehec) o157:h7. a non-fimbriated e. coli k-12 strain carrying the cloned ehec lpf (lpf2) genes expressed thin fibrillae-like structures on its surface and displayed reduced adherence to tissue culture cells. neither mutation in the lpfa2 gene in either the parent or lpfa1 mutant strains showed an effect in ... | 2004 | 15358418 |
| genomic relationship of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium dt104 isolates from korea and the united states. | salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium dt104 (salmonella typhimurium dt104 or dt104) has been emerging as a common pathogen for human in korea since 1997. in order to compare the genomic relationship and to search for the dominant strains in korea, we conducted pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) and is200 fingerprinting of 25 epidemiological unrelated isolates from human and animals from korea and cattle from america. two salmonella typhimurium dt104 isolates from human in korea and all 8 ... | 2004 | 15357286 |
| antimicrobial resistance in nontyphoid salmonella serotypes: a global challenge. | increasing antimicrobial resistance in nontyphoid salmonella species has been a serious problem for public health worldwide. the high rate of resistance is hampering the use of conventional antibiotics, and growing resistance to newer antimicrobial agents is aggravating the situation. the circumstances of occurrence and spread of antimicrobial resistance are complex; however, a major cause is the widespread use of antimicrobial agents in food animals, particularly in animal feed. genetic analysi ... | 2004 | 15356819 |
| salmonella escape from antigen presentation can be overcome by targeting bacteria to fc gamma receptors on dendritic cells. | dendritic cells (dcs) are professional apcs with the unique ability to activate naive t cells, which is required for initiation of the adaptive immune response against pathogens. therefore, interfering with dc function would be advantageous for pathogen survival and dissemination. in this study we provide evidence suggesting that salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium, the causative agent of typhoid disease in the mouse, interferes with dc function. our results indicate that by avoiding lysosom ... | 2004 | 15356155 |
| antibacterial effect of crude water-soluble arrowroot (puerariae radix) tea extracts on food-borne pathogens in liquid medium. | to evaluate the effect of crude water-soluble arrowroot tea extracts on microbial growth of food-borne pathogens in liquid medium and to confirm the damage to bacterial cells using transmission electronic microscopy (tem). | 2004 | 15355532 |
| phages and the evolution of bacterial pathogens: from genomic rearrangements to lysogenic conversion. | comparative genomics demonstrated that the chromosomes from bacteria and their viruses (bacteriophages) are coevolving. this process is most evident for bacterial pathogens where the majority contain prophages or phage remnants integrated into the bacterial dna. many prophages from bacterial pathogens encode virulence factors. two situations can be distinguished: vibrio cholerae, shiga toxin-producing escherichia coli, corynebacterium diphtheriae, and clostridium botulinum depend on a specific p ... | 2004 | 15353570 |
| phenotypic and molecular typing of salmonella strains reveals different contamination sources in two commercial pig slaughterhouses. | this study aimed to define the origin of salmonella contamination on swine carcasses and the distribution of salmonella serotypes in two commercial slaughterhouses during normal activity. salmonellae were isolated from carcasses, from colons and mesenteric lymph nodes of individual pigs, and from the slaughterhouse environment. all strains were serotyped; salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium and salmonella enterica serotype derby isolates were additionally typed beyond the serotype level by ... | 2004 | 15345414 |
| cell density-dependent gene contributes to efficient seed colonization by pseudomonas putida kt2440. | we have characterized the expression pattern of a gene, ddca, involved in initial colonization of corn seeds by pseudomonas putida kt2440. the ddca gene codes for a putative membrane polypeptide belonging to a family of conserved proteins of unknown function. members of this family are widespread among prokaryotes and include the products of a salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium gene expressed during invasion of macrophages and psie, an escherichia coli phosphate starvation-inducible gene. a ... | 2004 | 15345399 |
| enhancement of endotoxin neutralization by coupling of a c12-alkyl chain to a lactoferricin-derived peptide. | antibacterial peptide acylation, which mimics the structure of the natural lipopeptide polymyxin b, increases antimicrobial and endotoxin-neutralizing activities. the interaction of the lactoferricin-derived peptide lf11 and its n-terminally acylated analogue, lauryl-lf11, with different chemotypes of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (lps re, ra and smooth s form) was investigated by biophysical means and was related to the peptides' biological activities. both peptides exhibit high antibacterial ac ... | 2005 | 15344905 |
| cloning, sequencing and expression of groel-like protein gene of vibrio parahaemolyticus. | vibrio parahaemolyticus is an important enteropathogen in regions where much seafood is consumed. substantial quantity of groel-like protein is produced during the heat shock of v. parahaemolyticus and located in periplasmic and extracellular fractions. in this study, the groel-like protein gene of this pathogen was cloned and sequenced and its properties were analyzed. the open reading frame consisted of 1647 bp, encoded a 57.6-kda groel-like protein of 548 amino acids. the amino acid sequence, ... | 2004 | 15340646 |
| [purulent pericarditis with pericardial tamponade caused by streptococcus agalactiae and salmonella enterica no typhi]. | purulent pericarditis (pp) is an uncommon condition with high mortality. in the preantibiotic period, staphyloccocus aureus and streptococcus pneumoniae were the most common etiologic agents. we describe the case of a 75-year old man with septic shock, pp and cardiac tamponade caused by streptococcus agalactiae and salmonella enterica no-typhi. to our knowledge this association of pathogenic organisms has not been previously reported in the literature. the pathogenesis is here reviewed, and in o ... | 2004 | 15338978 |
| integrons in salmonella keurmassar, senegal. | 2004 | 15338548 | |
| role of an acrr mutation in multidrug resistance of in vitro-selected fluoroquinolone-resistant mutants of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | quinolone resistance in salmonella spp. is usually attributed to both active efflux and mutations leading to modification of the target enzymes dna gyrase and topoisomerase iv. here, we investigated the presence of mutations in the efflux regulatory genes of fluoroquinolone- and multidrug-resistant mutants of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium (s. typhimurium) selected in vitro with enrofloxacin that both carried a mutation in the target gene gyra and overproduced the acrab efflux pump. no ... | 2004 | 15336432 |
| identification of nucleotides critical for activity of the sigmae-dependent rpoep3 promoter in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | we previously described a two-plasmid system for the identification of promoters recognized by salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium (s. typhimurium) sigmae. the s. typhimurium sigmae-dependent rpoep3 promoter was active in the e. coli two-plasmid system only after arabinose-induced expression of s. typhimurium rpoe. in the present study, we have exploited this two-plasmid system for the identification of nucleotides critical for activity of the rpoep3 promoter. a library of randomly mutated d ... | 2004 | 15336426 |
| molecular characterization of beta-lactam resistance of salmonella isolates from pediatric patients in romania. | the molecular characterization of 16 clinical isolates of salmonella enterica (14 serotype typhimurium and 2 serotype kingston) obtained between january and june 1999 from feces of children hospitalized in iasi, romania were genotypically compared by pulse field gel electrophoresis of xbai restricted bacterial dna. the majority of the clinical isolates (12/16) belonged to cluster a and (4/16) to unrelated strains, correlating to the omp profile. two major different patterns of beta-lactamases we ... | 2004 | 15332707 |
| elasticity of flagellar hooks. | 2004 | 15332658 | |
| integral membrane protein p16 of bacteriophage prd1 stabilizes the adsorption vertex structure. | the icosahedral membrane-containing double-stranded dna bacteriophage prd1 has a labile receptor binding spike complex at the vertices. this complex, which is analogous to that of adenovirus, is formed of the penton protein p31, the spike protein p5, and the receptor binding protein p2. upon infection, the internal phage membrane transforms into a tubular structure that protrudes through a vertex and penetrates the cell envelope for dna injection. we describe here a new class of prd1 mutants lac ... | 2004 | 15331712 |
| destruction of mycobacterium paratuberculosis, salmonella spp., and mycoplasma spp. in raw milk by a commercial on-farm high-temperature, short-time pasteurizer. | the 2002 nahm's dairy survey indicated that 87.2% of dairy farms in the united states feed waste milk to their neonatal calves. although cost-effective, this practice can lead to increased calf morbidity and mortality due to ingestion of pathogenic agents. in an effort to reduce the risk of infection, dairy producers are implementing on-farm pasteurization of the waste milk as a control procedure before feeding the milk to calves. in the present study, the efficacy of a commercial high-temperatu ... | 2004 | 15328232 |
| cloning of porcine triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (trem-1) and its induction by lipopolysaccharide, peptidoglycan, and salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium infection. | triggering receptors expressed on myeloid cells (trem) are a family of activating receptors expressed on neutrophils and monocytes. these receptors are involved in regulation of immunity by inducing the expression of inflammatory cytokines and adhesion molecules, augmenting dendritic cell maturation, and are implicated in septic shock. here we report the cloning of full-length trem cdna from porcine bone marrow cells, which predicts a 238 amino-acid peptide. treating porcine bone marrow cells wi ... | 2005 | 15325519 |
| mutations in the gyra gene in salmonella enterica clinical isolates with decreased ciprofloxacin susceptibility. | the incidence of resistance to nalidixic acid has increased in the university general hospital of elche, spain, and this paper describes the investigation of this phenomenon. this increase was mainly due to an increase of nalidixic-resistant salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis. resistance to nalidixic acid is an indicator of decreased ciprofloxacin susceptibility (sensitivity 100%, specificity 96.7%). strains that were resistant to nalidixic acid and exhibited decreased susceptibility to ci ... | 2004 | 15325438 |
| scattergram analysis to explore the emerging problem related to in vitro susceptibility test for salmonella enterica serovar typhi to ciprofloxacin. | ciprofloxacin susceptibility using a disk diffusion method and minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) value determination for 421 s. typhi isolates showed comparable results for 296 (70%) isolates with an mic </=0.075 mg/l. however, of the remaining 125 strains that had mic >/=0.1 mg/l, signifying resistance, 123 (98.4%) showed discrepant results with the disk diffusion test (66 sensitive, 57 intermediately sensitive). this raises questions about national committee for clinical laboratory standa ... | 2004 | 15325437 |
| emergence of multidrug-resistant salmonella paratyphi b dt+, canada. | we document an increase in the number of multidrug-resistant salmonella enterica serovar paratyphi b dt+ identified in canada. most of these strains harbor salmonella genomic island 1 (sgi1). further studies are needed to determine factors contributing to the observed emergence of this multidrug-resistant strain. | 2004 | 15324556 |
| the salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium divalent cation transport systems mnth and sitabcd are essential for virulence in an nramp1g169 murine typhoid model. | nramp1 is a transporter that pumps divalent cations from the vacuoles of phagocytic cells and is associated with the innate resistance of mice to diverse intracellular pathogens. we demonstrate that sita and mnth, genes encoding high-affinity metal ion uptake systems in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium, are upregulated when salmonella is internalized by nramp1-expressing macrophages and play an essential role in systemic infection of congenic nramp1-expressing mice. | 2004 | 15322058 |
| host response to a dam mutant of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis with a temperature-sensitive phenotype. | the temperature-sensitive dam mutant strain of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis sd1 is highly attenuated and induces innate and protective immunity in mice. sd1 activates nf-kappab and induces gamma interferon secretion. early interaction of the sd1 mutant with intestinal epithelial cells was associated with ruffling of enterocytes. invading bacteria were found inside peyer's patches after inoculation. | 2004 | 15322053 |
| live lactobacillus reuteri is essential for the inhibitory effect on tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced interleukin-8 expression. | the mechanism of the apparent anti-inflammatory action of probiotic organisms is unclear. lactobacillus reuteri is effective in inhibiting colitis in interleukin-10 (il-10)-deficient mice. nerve growth factor (ngf), in addition to its activity on neuronal cell growth, has significant anti-inflammatory effects in several experimental systems in vitro and in vivo, including a model of colitis. our experiments were designed to explore the mechanism of effect of l. reuteri in the human epithelial ce ... | 2004 | 15322027 |
| a salmonella fim homologue in citrobacter freundii mediates invasion in vitro and crossing of the blood-brain barrier in the rat pup model. | from the invasive citrobacter freundii strain 3009, an invasion determinant was cloned, sequenced, and expressed. sequence analysis of the determinant showed high homology with the fim determinant from salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. the genes of the invasion determinant directed invasion of recombinant escherichia coli k-12 strains into human epithelial cell lines of the bladder and gut as well as mannose-sensitive yeast agglutination and were termed fim(cf) genes. expression of the fi ... | 2004 | 15322026 |
| ssek1 and ssek2 are novel translocated proteins of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | salmonella enterica is a gram-negative, facultative intracellular pathogen that causes disease symptoms ranging from gastroenteritis to typhoid fever. a key virulence strategy is the translocation of bacterial effector proteins into the host cell, mediated by the type iii secretion systems (ttsss) encoded in salmonella pathogenicity island 1 (spi-1) and spi-2. in s. enterica serovar typhimurium lt2, we identified the protein products of stm4157 and stm2137 as novel candidate secreted proteins by ... | 2004 | 15322005 |
| major histocompatibility complex class i peptide presentation after salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium infection assessed via stable isotope tagging of the b27-presented peptide repertoire. | reactive arthritis (rea) induced by infection with several gram-negative bacteria is strongly associated with expression of the major histocompatibility complex class i molecule hla-b27. it is thought that due to the intracellular lifestyle of rea-inducing bacteria, bacterial fragments can be presented by hla-b27. cytotoxic t cells recognizing such bacterial peptides or other induced host peptides could cross-react with self peptides presented in the joints, giving rise to disease. studies to an ... | 2004 | 15322003 |
| cooperative interactions between flagellin and sope2 in the epithelial interleukin-8 response to salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium infection. | flagellin is an important stimulus for epithelial interleukin-8 (il-8) secretion because of its ability to activate toll-like receptor 5 (tlr5). sope2, a salmonella guanine nucleotide exchange factor (gef), is also involved in intestinal inflammation. to clarify the proinflammatory mechanisms of these proteins, we examined their effects on il-8 secretion and intracellular signaling in t84 epithelial cells. a salmonella strain lacking sope2 (and its homolog sope) induced lower levels of il-8 than ... | 2004 | 15321998 |
| characterization of salmonella enterica subspecies i genovars by use of microarrays. | subspecies 1 of salmonella enterica is responsible for almost all salmonella infections of warm-blooded animals. within subspecies 1 there are over 2,300 known serovars that differ in their prevalence and the diseases that they cause in different hosts. only a few of these serovars are responsible for most salmonella infections in humans and domestic animals. the gene contents of 79 strains from the most prevalent serovars were profiled by microarray analysis. strains within the same serovar oft ... | 2004 | 15317794 |
| the eutt gene of salmonella enterica encodes an oxygen-labile, metal-containing atp:corrinoid adenosyltransferase enzyme. | the eutt gene of salmonella enterica was cloned and overexpressed, and the function of its product was established in vivo and in vitro. the eutt protein has an oxygen-labile, metal-containing atp:co(i)rrinoid adenosyltransferase activity associated with it. functional redundancy between eutt and the housekeeping atp:co(i)rrinoid adenosyltransferase coba enzyme was demonstrated through phenotypic analyses of mutant strains. lack of coba and eutt blocked ethanolamine utilization. eutt was necessa ... | 2004 | 15317775 |
| acetyl-coenzyme a synthetase (amp forming). | acetyl-coenzyme a synthetase (amp forming; acs) is an enzyme whose activity is central to the metabolism of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. the physiological role of this enzyme is to activate acetate to acetyl-coenzyme a (ac-coa). the importance of acs has been recognized for decades, since it provides the cell the two-carbon metabolite used in many anabolic and energy generation processes. in the last decade researchers have learned how carefully the cell monitors the synthesis and activity ... | 2004 | 15316652 |
| mucosal immunization with purified flagellin from salmonella induces systemic and mucosal immune responses in c3h/hej mice. | this study investigated the immune response elicited in c3h/hej mice after oral, parenteral and nasal immunization with purified flagellin from salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis alone or conjugated to starch microparticles as adjuvant or together with the uptake-enhancer recombinant cholera toxin b-subunit (rctb). systemic (igm-igg, iga, igg2a, igg2b, igg1) and local (s-iga) humoral immune responses in the mice were analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (elisa). primed splenocy ... | 2004 | 15315861 |
| recombinant salmonella enterica serovar typhi in a prime-boost strategy. | this study investigated the utility of attenuated salmonella enterica serovar typhi strain cvd 908-htra (908 h) in a heterologous prime-boost strategy. mice primed intranasally (i.n.) with 908 h expressing fragment c (frag c) of tetanus toxin and boosted intramuscularly (i.m.) with tetanus toxoid (tt) mounted enhanced and accelerated serum igg anti-frag c responses in comparison to unprimed, vector-primed and homologously-primed and boosted mice. serum antitoxin responses were also determined; m ... | 2004 | 15315855 |
| validation of a pcr for diagnosis of typhoid fever and salmonellosis by amplification of the hila gene in clinical samples from colombian patients. | validation of a pcr test to detect hila gene sequences of salmonella spp. was performed in blood and faeces samples from typhoid fever and salmonellosis patients. sensitivity (s), specificity (sp), positive predictive value (ppv) and negative predictive value (npv) of the pcr in blood samples were performed by testing: 37 patients with clinical diagnosis of typhoid fever, 34 of them confirmed by isolation of s. typhi from blood cultures; 35 patients infected with other pathogens corroborated by ... | 2004 | 15314194 |
| identification of a new salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis locus involved in cell invasion and in the colonisation of chicks. | poultry products contaminated with salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis are a major cause of foodborne disease in industrialized countries. knowledge of how poultry is colonised is essential for reducing contamination of these products. we have characterized the bacterial yfg-eng locus involved in chicken colonisation. its sequencing revealed four open reading frames (orf), yfgm, yfgl, enga and yfgj, all transcribed in the same orientation. an yfgl mutant of s. enteritidis colonised the caeca ... | 2004 | 15313254 |
| transcriptional analysis of the acid-inducible asr gene in enterobacteria. | we show here that transcription of the asr gene in escherichia coli, salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium, klebsiella pneumoniae and enterobacter cloacae is strongly dependent on the acidification level of the growth medium, with maximal induction at ph 4.0-4.5 as determined by northern hybridization analysis. previous gene array analyses have also shown that asr is the most acid-induced gene in the e. coli genome. sequence alignment of the asr promoters from different enterobacterial species ... | 2004 | 15313253 |
| characterization of salmonella pathogenicity island 1 type iii secretion-dependent hemolytic activity in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | a number of bacteria that are pathogenic for animals and plants possess a type iii secretion system (ttss) to translocate virulence-associated proteins into host cells. in several bacteria, it has been reported that the ttss is correlated with an ability to cause contact-dependent hemolysis in vitro. here, we showed that the salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium strain sl1344 exhibited salmonella pathogenicity island 1 type iii secretion-dependent, contact-mediated, hemolytic activity. mutatio ... | 2004 | 15312846 |
| protective efficacy of iga monoclonal antibodies to o and h antigens in a mouse model of intranasal challenge with salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis. | protective properties of immunoglobulin a (iga) monoclonal antibodies (mabs) directed against o and h antigens of salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis (s. enteritidis) were evaluated in a model of generalized infection after intranasal (i.n.) inoculation of balb/c mice. passive i.n. instillation of antibodies 1 h before i.n. challenge did not prevent infection, and mice developed rapid inflammatory response in the lower respiratory tract. the passive systemic immunization was partially prote ... | 2004 | 15310466 |
| an outbreak due to peanuts in their shell caused by salmonella enterica serotypes stanley and newport--sharing molecular information to solve international outbreaks. | salmonellosis is a global problem caused by the international movement of foods and high incidence in exporting countries. in september 2001, in an outbreak investigation australia isolated salmonella stanley from imported peanuts, which resulted in a wider investigation in canada, england & wales and scotland. patients infected with salmonella serotypes known to be isolated from peanuts and reported to surveillance systems were interviewed to determine exposure histories. tagged image file form ... | 2004 | 15310157 |
| comment on: effect of a 5 day enrofloxacin treatment on salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium dt104 in the pig. | 2004 | 15308603 | |
| expression of heterologous antigens in salmonella typhimurium vaccine vectors using the in vivo-inducible, spi-2 promoter, ssag. | dna derived from regions upstream of the salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium ssag gene were used to drive expression of different reporter genes in putative salmonella vaccine strains. expression from ssag was shown to be significantly upregulated once salmonella had entered murine or human macrophages, and levels of expression were dependent on the length of the ssag 5' sequence incorporated. s. typhimurium derivatives harbouring the escherichia coli heat labile toxin b subunit (lt-b) fused ... | 2004 | 15308346 |
| typhoid fever in travelers: who should be targeted for prevention? | to clarify indications for typhoid vaccination, we reviewed laboratory-confirmed cases of typhoid fever reported to the united states centers for disease control and prevention between 1994 and 1999. to estimate the risk of adverse events associated with typhoid vaccination, we reviewed reports to the vaccine adverse event reporting system for the same period. acute salmonella enterica serotype typhi infection was reported for 1393 patients. of these patients, recent travel was reported by 1027 ... | 2004 | 15307027 |
| ggdef and eal domains inversely regulate cyclic di-gmp levels and transition from sessility to motility. | cyclic nucleotides represent second messenger molecules in all kingdoms of life. in bacteria, mass sequencing of genomes detected the highly abundant protein domains ggdef and eal. we show here that the ggdef and eal domains are involved in the turnover of cyclic-di-gmp (c-di-gmp) in vivo whereby the ggdef domain stimulates c-di-gmp production and the eal domain c-di-gmp degradation. thus, most probably, ggdef domains function as c-di-gmp cyclase and eal domains as phosphdiesterase. we further s ... | 2004 | 15306016 |
| presence of sope gene & its phenotypic expression among different serovars of salmonella isolated from man & animals. | salmonellae cause a spectrum of diseases in man and animals but their virulence factors responsible for induction of gastroenteritis and/or systematic infection are still poorly understood. also, the different subspecies and serovars of salmonella differ considerably in their virulence for man and animals. there is increasing evidence that salmonella possesses a dedicated protein secretion system denoted type iii secretion system (ttss) that is involved in the early stage of salmonella infection ... | 2004 | 15299230 |
| towards the development of a dna-sequence based approach to serotyping of salmonella enterica. | the flic and fljb genes in salmonella code for the phase 1 (h1) and phase 2 (h2) flagellin respectively, the rfb cluster encodes the majority of enzymes for polysaccharide (o) antigen biosynthesis, together they determine the antigenic profile by which salmonella are identified. sequencing and characterisation of flic was performed in the development of a molecular serotyping technique. | 2004 | 15298703 |
| phenotypic and genotypic changes in salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype typhimurium during passage in intestines of broiler chickens fed on diets that included ionophore anticoccidial supplements. | the effect of continuous in-feed administration of anticoccidial agents on antimicrobial sensitivity and the level of bacterial shedding in poultry experimentally infected with salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype typhimurium definitive type 104 (dt104) were investigated. on day 0, 1,200 1-day-old salmonella-free broiler chicks were placed into 50 pens, and the pens were randomly allocated to one of five treatments: nonsupplemented (negative control; t1), monensin at 120 mg/kg of diet (t ... | 2004 | 15297474 |
| protein folding failure sets high-temperature limit on growth of phage p22 in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | the high-temperature limit for growth of microorganisms differs greatly depending on their species and habitat. the importance of an organism's ability to manage thermal stress is reflected in the ubiquitous distribution of the heat shock chaperones. although many chaperones function to reduce protein folding defects, it has been difficult to identify the specific protein folding pathways that set the high-temperature limit of growth for a given microorganism. we have investigated this for a sim ... | 2004 | 15294822 |
| treatment of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis with a sublethal concentration of trisodium phosphate or alkaline ph induces thermotolerance. | the responses of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis to a sublethal dose of trisodium phosphate (tsp) and its equivalent alkaline ph made with naoh were examined. pretreatment of s. enterica serovar enteritidis cells with 1.5% tsp or ph 10.0 solutions resulted in a significant increase in thermotolerance, resistance to 2.5% tsp, resistance to high ph, and sensitivity to acid and h(2)o(2). protein inhibition studies with chloramphenicol revealed that thermotolerance, unlike resistance to high ... | 2004 | 15294793 |
| rapid detection of salmonella by polymerase chain reaction. | salmonella enterotoxin gene (stn) was sequenced from salmonella enterica serotypes: typhimurium, typhi, paratyphi a and b. the sequences from all the four serotypes showed complete homology with the already reported stn gene sequence of the serotype typhimurium. as a tool for detection of this organism, four pairs of oligonucleotide primers were designed to amplify different fragments of this important pathological marker. the protocols were standardized with serotype typhimurium in such a way s ... | 2004 | 15294322 |
| st64b is a defective bacteriophage in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium dt64 that encodes a functional immunity region capable of mediating phage-type conversion. | the salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium (s. typhimurium) defective bacteriophage st64b has a putative immunity (immc) region consisting of ci, cro and cii-like genes. since st64b is widespread in s. typhimurium, studies were undertaken to determine whether this region might be functional and influence phage typing results. cloning of st64b immc-like genes and their subsequent expression in s. typhimurium dts showed that this region is able to mediate phage-type conversion in ... | 2004 | 15293455 |
| the omptin family of enterobacterial surface proteases/adhesins: from housekeeping in escherichia coli to systemic spread of yersinia pestis. | the omptins are a family of enterobacterial surface proteases/adhesins that share high sequence identity and a conserved beta-barrel fold in the outer membrane. the omptins are multifunctional, and the individual omptins exhibit differing virulence-associated functions. the pla plasminogen activator of yersinia pestis contributes by several mechanisms to bacterial invasiveness and the systemic, uncontrolled proteolysis in plague. pla proteolytically activates the human proenzyme plasminogen and ... | 2004 | 15293449 |
| differences in enzymatic properties allow sodci but not sodcii to contribute to virulence in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium strain 14028. | salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium produces two cu/zn cofactored periplasmic superoxide dismutases, sodci and sodcii. while mutations in sodci attenuate virulence eightfold, loss of sodcii does not confer a virulence phenotype, nor does it enhance the defect observed in a sodci background. despite this in vivo phenotype, sodci and sodcii are expressed at similar levels in vitro during the stationary phase of growth. by exchanging the open reading frames of sodci and sodcii, we found that so ... | 2004 | 15292124 |
| the o-antigen of salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis pt4: a significant factor in gastrointestinal colonisation of young but not newly hatched chicks. | the lipopolysaccharide of salmonella and other gram negative pathogenic species has been implicated as a major virulence determinant and in this study we report the role of lps of s. enteritidis in the colonisation and persistent gastrointestinal infection of young poultry. the gene encoding the unique o-antigen ligase, waal, was mutated by insertional inactivation in a well characterised s. enteritidis strain, s1400/94. the waal mutant, designated pcp, produced rough colonies on agar medium, di ... | 2004 | 15288929 |
| salmonella enterica subsp houtenae serogroup o:16 in a hiv positive patient: case report. | we described a case of salmonellosis in a 33-year old hiv-infected patient. the patient presented oral and esophageal candidiasis, intense epigastric and retrosternal pain. during the physical examination he was hypochloraemic, acyanotic, hypohydrated, anicteric and afebrile. admittance laboratory tests indicated: red cells 3.6 millions/mm(3); hemoglobin, 10.1 g/dl; leukocyte count, 3,000/mm(3), with 1% of eosinophils, 14% of non-segmented and 53% of segmented neutrophils and 31% of lymphocytes. ... | 2004 | 15286823 |
| chemotaxis-guided movements in bacteria. | motile bacteria often use sophisticated chemotaxis signaling systems to direct their movements. in general, bacterial chemotactic signal transduction pathways have three basic elements: (1) signal reception by bacterial chemoreceptors located on the membrane; (2) signal transduction to relay the signals from membrane receptors to the motor; and (3) signal adaptation to desensitize the initial signal input. the chemotaxis proteins involved in these signal transduction pathways have been identifie ... | 2004 | 15284186 |
| salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium colonization of the crop in the domestic turkey: influence of probiotic and prebiotic treatment (lactobacillus acidophilus and lactose). | acute colonization of the crop of the domestic turkey by salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium (st) was examined. the influences of preharvest probiotic and prebiotic treatment with lactobaccilli and lactose on crop colonization with st were also investigated. prior to salmonella challenge, poults received 2.5% lactose and lactobacillus acidophilus (1.9 x 10(9) organisms/liter) in the only source of drinking water from 1 day old to termination. at 3-wk-old, turkey poults were challenged with s ... | 2004 | 15283415 |
| antimicrobial activity of reuterin in combination with nisin against food-borne pathogens. | antimicrobial activity of reuterin individually or in combination with nisin against different food-borne gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens in milk was investigated. reuterin (8 au/ml) exhibited bacteriostatic activity against listeria monocytogenes, whereas its activity was slightly bactericidal against staphylococcus aureus at 37 degrees c. higher bactericidal activity was detected against escherichia coli o157:h7, salmonella choleraesuis subsp. choleraesuis, yersinia enterocolitica, a ... | 2004 | 15282134 |
| effect of sunlight on the survival of salmonella on surfaces. | to investigate the effect of simulated full-spectrum tropical sunlight on the survival of salmonella in droplets on surfaces. | 2004 | 15281943 |
| population structure of salmonella investigated by amplified fragment length polymorphism. | this study was undertaken to investigate the usefulness of amplified fragment length polymorphism (aflp) in determining the population structure of salmonella. | 2004 | 15281937 |
| insertions of mini-tn10 transposon t-pop in salmonella enterica sv. typhi. | we have mutagenized a clinical strain of salmonella enterica sv. typhi with mini-transposon tn10dtet (t-pop) to obtain conditional lethal (tetracycline-dependent) mutants with t-pop insertions upstream of essential genes. generalized transducing phage p22 was used to introduce t-pop from a s. typhimurium donor into a s. typhi recipient. chromosomal dna was purified from the mutagenized donor strains, fragmented, and then electroporated into s. typhi to backcross the original t-pop insertions. fo ... | 2004 | 15280224 |
| application of oligonucleotide array technology for the rapid detection of pathogenic bacteria of foodborne infections. | a rapid and accurate method for detection for common pathogenic bacteria in foodborne infections was established by using oligonucleotide array technology. nylon membrane was used as the array support. a mutation region of the 23s rrna gene was selected as the discrimination target from 14 species (genera) of bacteria causing foodborne infections and two unrelated bacterial species. a pair of universal primers was designed for pcr amplification of the 23s rrna gene. twenty-one species (genera)-s ... | 2004 | 15279944 |
| mesenteric adenitis caused by salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis. | mesenteric adenitis is a self-limited condition characterized by fever, localized right lower quadrant abdominal pain, and frequent leukocytosis, making it difficult to differentiate from appendicitis. we report a case of mesenteric adenitis in an 8-year-old boy who presented at the emergency department with right lower quadrant abdominal pain, diarrhea, and fever up to 40 degrees c. acute appendicitis was initially suspected, but further abdominal ultrasound and contrast enhanced computed tomog ... | 2004 | 15278192 |
| salmonella gallinarum gyra mutations associated with fluoroquinolone resistance. | salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar gallinarum (s. gallinarum) is the causative organism of fowl typhoid, and an outbreak of fowl typhoid in korea was confirmed in 1992. the aim of this study was to investigate possible changes in fluoroquinolone susceptibility among s. gallinarum isolates from 1995 to 2001, and to analyse mutations of the gyra gene in fluoroquinolone-resistant isolates. among 258 s. gallinarum isolates tested by the disk diffusion method, isolates from 1995 (n=18) were ... | 2004 | 15276996 |
| observations on salmonella contamination of eggs from infected commercial laying flocks where vaccination for salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis had been used. | eggs were collected monthly from 12 cage-layer flocks on four farms where salmonella enteritidis was present in vaccinated flocks despite vaccination with an s. enteritidis bacterin. where possible, hens were also taken for culture at the end of the laying period, and faecal and environmental samples were taken from the laying houses before and after cleaning and disinfection. twenty-four batches of six egg shells from the 13 652 tested (0.18% [0.11 to 0.26 ci(95)] single egg equivalent) were po ... | 2004 | 15276979 |
| extended-spectrum-cephalosporin resistance in salmonella enterica isolates of animal origin. | a total of 112 out of 5,709 salmonella enterica isolates from domestic animal species exhibited decreased susceptibilities to ceftiofur and ceftriaxone, and each possessed the blacmy gene. ten salmonella serotypes were significantly more likely to include resistant isolates. isolates from turkeys, horses, cats, and dogs were significantly more likely to include resistant isolates. | 2004 | 15273145 |
| dna sequence analysis of regions surrounding blacmy-2 from multiple salmonella plasmid backbones. | the emergence in the united states of resistance to expanded-spectrum cephalosporin (e.g., ceftriaxone) within the salmonellae has been associated primarily with three large (>100-kb) plasmids (designated types a, b, and c) and one 10.1-kb plasmid (type d) that carry the blacmy-2 gene. in the present study, the distribution of these four known blacmy-2-carrying plasmids among 35 ceftriaxone-resistant salmonella isolates obtained from 1998 to 2001 was examined. twenty-three of these isolates were ... | 2004 | 15273090 |