Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| odorous impact of volatile thiols on the aroma of young botrytized sweet wines: identification and quantification of new sulfanyl alcohols. | specific extraction of volatile thiols using sodium p-hydroxymercuribenzoate revealed the presence of three new sulfanylalcohols in wines made from botrytis-infected grapes: 3-sulfanylpentan-1-ol (ii), 3-sulfanylheptan-1-ol (iii), and 2-methyl-3-sulfanylbutan-1-ol (iv). the first two have citrus aromas, whereas the third is reminiscent of raw onion. in addition, 2-methyl-3-sulfanylpentan-1-ol, which has a raw onion odor, was tentatively identified. like 3-sulfanylhexan-1-ol (i), already reported ... | 2007 | 17249683 |
| oxaloacetate hydrolase, the c-c bond lyase of oxalate secreting fungi. | oxalate secretion by fungi is known to be associated with fungal pathogenesis. in addition, oxalate toxicity is a concern for the commercial application of fungi in the food and drug industries. although oxalate is generated through several different biochemical pathways, oxaloacetate acetylhydrolase (oah)-catalyzed hydrolytic cleavage of oxaloacetate appears to be an especially important route. below, we report the cloning of the botrytis cinerea oaha gene and the demonstration that the disrupt ... | 2007 | 17244616 |
| chitin-supplemented foliar application of chitinolytic bacillus cereus reduces severity of botrytis gray mold disease in chickpea under controlled conditions. | to identify and evaluate chitinolytic bacteria for control of botrytis gray mold (bgm), a devastating disease in chickpea. methods and results: two antifungal bacterial isolates, chitinolytic bacillus cereus crs 7 and nonchitinolytic pseudomonas fluorescens crs 31, from the rhizosphere of chickpea, were applied as a prophylactic foliar spray and evaluated for control of bgm. in a controlled environment, the two isolates reduced the severity of bgm on the susceptible cv. jg 62 to 6.0 and 5.6, res ... | 2007 | 17209822 |
| application of classification-tree models to characterize the mycobiota of grapes on the basis of origin. | classification-tree (ct) models are a simple and robust exploratory data analysis technique that can be used in classification, regressions and summaries of data. they distill complex ecological relationships into simplified rules and identify the species necessary for sample classification on the basis of detailed ecological inventories. the usefulness of this technique to characterize and represent differences in the grape mycobiota of distinct origins was evaluated. grapes from four portugues ... | 2006 | 17196024 |
| molecular and functional characterization of a cyclophilin with antifungal activity from chinese cabbage. | an antifungal protein that inhibits the growth of filamentous fungal pathogens was isolated from chinese cabbage (brassica campestris l. ssp. pekinensis) by affinity chromatography on affi-gel blue gel and ion exchange chromatography on cm-sepharose. the n-terminal amino acid sequence of the protein was highly homologous to that of plant cyclophilins and consequently the protein was denoted as c-cyp. to understand the antifungal activity of c-cyp, we isolated a cdna encoding its gene from a chin ... | 2007 | 17194440 |
| bioactive constituents from turkish pimpinella species. | a new 'phenylpropanoid', 4-(3-methyloxiran-2-yl)phenyl 2-methylbutanoate (1), a new trinorsesquiterpene, 4-(6-methylbicyclo[4.1.0]hept-2-en-7-yl)butan-2-one (2), and eight known compounds (3-10) were isolated from the essential oils of several pimpinella species growing in turkey. the structures of the new compounds were determined by 1d- and 2d-nmr analyses. the absolute configuration of 1 was established via comparison of its optical rotation with that of 'epoxypseudoisoeugenyl 2-methylbutyrat ... | 2005 | 17191975 |
| bcsak1, a stress-activated mitogen-activated protein kinase, is involved in vegetative differentiation and pathogenicity in botrytis cinerea. | the gene bcsak1, encoding a mitogen-activated protein kinase (mapk) of botrytis cinerea, was cloned and characterized. the protein has high homology to the yeast hog1 and to corresponding mapks from filamentous fungi, but it shows unique functional features. the protein is phosphorylated under osmotic stress, specific fungicides, and oxidative stress mediated by h(2)o(2) and menadione. northern blot analyses indicate that only a subset of typical oxidative stress response genes is regulated by b ... | 2007 | 17189492 |
| protection of oilseed rape (brassica napus) toward fungal pathogens by strains of plant-associated bacillus amyloliquefaciens. | in this report, four bacillus strains were tested for effects on plant fitness and disease protection of oilseed rape (brassica napus). the strains belonged to newly discovered plant-associated bacillus amyloliquefaciens and a recently proposed species, bacillus endophyticus. the fungal pathogens tested represented different infection strategies and included alternaria brassicae, botrytis cinerea, leptosphaeria maculans, and verticillium longisporum. the b. amyloliquefaciens strains showed no or ... | 2007 | 17186140 |
| predictive modelling of temperature and water activity (solutes) on the in vitro radial growth of botrytis cinerea pers. | the objective of this work was to develop validated models predicting the 'in vitro' effect of a(w) and temperature on the radial growth of botrytis cinerea. the growth rate (g, mm d(-1)) of b. cinerea was calculated at three incubation temperatures (25 degrees c, 15 degrees c, 5 degrees c) and six water activities (ranging from 0.995 to 0.890). the water activity was adjusted with glucose, nacl, glycerol, or sorbitol. statistical analysis showed a significant effect of temperature, solute, a(w) ... | 2007 | 17175054 |
| the cauliflower or gene encodes a dnaj cysteine-rich domain-containing protein that mediates high levels of beta-carotene accumulation. | despite recent progress in our understanding of carotenogenesis in plants, the mechanisms that govern overall carotenoid accumulation remain largely unknown. the orange (or) gene mutation in cauliflower (brassica oleracea var botrytis) confers the accumulation of high levels of beta-carotene in various tissues normally devoid of carotenoids. using positional cloning, we isolated the gene representing or and verified it by functional complementation in wild-type cauliflower. or encodes a plastid- ... | 2006 | 17172359 |
| skin test reactivity to molds in pre-school children with newly diagnosed asthma. | the aim of the present study was to evaluate the prevalence of sensitization to molds and to house dust mites (hdm) in pre-school children with newly-diagnosed asthma. | 2006 | 17168977 |
| salicylic acid-mediated innate immunity in arabidopsis is regulated by siz1 sumo e3 ligase. | reversible modifications of target proteins by small ubiquitin-like modifier (sumo) proteins are involved in many cellular processes in yeast and animals. yet little is known about the function of sumoylation in plants. here, we show that the siz1 gene, which encodes an arabidopsis sumo e3 ligase, regulates innate immunity. mutant siz1 plants exhibit constitutive systemic-acquired resistance (sar) characterized by elevated accumulation of salicylic acid (sa), increased expression of pathogenesis ... | 2007 | 17163880 |
| transcriptional activator tsrf1 reversely regulates pathogen resistance and osmotic stress tolerance in tobacco. | increasing evidences show that ethylene-responsive factor (erf) proteins regulate plant stress response and the interaction of different stress responsive pathways through interacting with different cis-acting elements, even other transcription factors. here, we report a transcriptional activator tsrf1, which was previously demonstrated to regulate plant resistance to ralstonia solanacearum, reversely regulates pathogen resistance and osmotic stress tolerance in tobacco. sequence analysis reveal ... | 2007 | 17160455 |
| influence of carvacrol on survival of botrytis cinerea inoculated in table grapes. | in this paper, the role of carvacrol vapour atmosphere on botrytis cinerea inoculated in pda or in grape berries was studied. four concentrations inside packages were assayed (0.05, 0.2, 0.5 and 1.0 ml l(-1)). all concentrations inhibited totally the growth of b. cinerea in pda, while in berries the reduction of decayed fruits was significantly greater as carvacrol concentration increased. in addition, the fungal growth (area and volume of infection) was also reduced and dependent on carvacrol c ... | 2007 | 17141907 |
| three qtls for botrytis cinerea resistance in tomato. | tomato (solanum lycopersicum) is susceptible to grey mold (botrytis cinerea). partial resistance to this fungus was identified in accessions of wild relatives of tomato such as s. habrochaites lyc4. in order to identify loci involved in quantitative resistance (qtls) to b. cinerea, a population of 174 f(2) plants was made originating from a cross between s. lycopersicum cv. moneymaker and s. habrochaites lyc4. the population was genotyped and tested for susceptibility to grey mold using a stem b ... | 2007 | 17136515 |
| bacisubin, an antifungal protein with ribonuclease and hemagglutinating activities from bacillus subtilis strain b-916. | an antifungal protein, with a molecular mass of 41.9 kda, and designated as bacisubin, was isolated from a culture of bacillus subtilis strain b-916. the isolation procedure consisted of ion exchange chromatography on deae-sepharose fast flow, and fast protein liquid chromatography on phenyl sepharose 6 fast flow and hydroxyapatite columns. the protein was adsorbed on all three chromatographic media. bacisubin exhibited inhibitory activity on mycelial growth in magnaporthe grisease, sclerotinia ... | 2007 | 17129637 |
| proteomic analysis of phytopathogenic fungus botrytis cinerea as a potential tool for identifying pathogenicity factors, therapeutic targets and for basic research. | botrytis cinerea is a phytopathogenic fungus causing disease in a substantial number of economically important crops. in an attempt to identify putative fungal virulence factors, the two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-de) protein profile from two b. cinerea strains differing in virulence and toxin production were compared. protein extracts from fungal mycelium obtained by tissue homogenization were analyzed. the mycelial 2-de protein profile revealed the existence of qualitative and quantita ... | 2007 | 17124592 |
| characterization of some mushroom and earthy off-odors microbially induced by the development of rot on grapes. | grape rot is one of the major causes of degradation of many grape components and, thus, of deterioration in wine quality. in particular, the association of botrytis cinerea with other, less visible, fungi frequently leads to the development of organoleptic defects in grapes and sometimes in wines. this study examines the nature of the volatile compounds responsible for mushroom, mossy, or earthy odors detected by gas chromatography-olfactometry in organic extracts of rotten grapes and musts. 2-m ... | 2006 | 17117809 |
| odor-active alcohols from the fungal transformation of alpha-farnesene. | submerged microbial cultures were screened for their potential to oxifunctionalize alpha-farnesene. the major oxidation product in all transforming cultures, 3,7,11-trimethyldodeca-1,3(e),5(e)10-tetraen-7-ol, showed a pleasant citrus-like odor and peak concentrations of 170 mg l-1. an aspergillus niger isolate from mango generated another two terpene alcohols identified as diastereomeric menth-1-en-3-[2-methyl-1,3-butadienyl]-8-ol, a new natural compound with an apricot-like odor. the regiospeci ... | 2006 | 17117793 |
| a novel antiproliferative and antifungal lectin from amaranthus viridis linn seeds. | a lectin from the seeds of amaranthus viridis linn has been purified by affinity chromatography on asialofetuin-linked amino activated silica. amaranthus viridis lectin (avl) has a native molecular mass of 67 kda. it is a homodimer composed of two 36.6 kda subunits. the lectin gave a single band in non-denaturing page at ph 4.5 and ph 8.3 and a single peak on hplc size exclusion and cation exchange columns. the purified lectin was specific for both t-antigen and n-acetyl-d-lactosamine, markers f ... | 2006 | 17100645 |
| structural and functional diversity within the cystatin gene family of hordeum vulgare. | phytocystatins are inhibitors of cysteine proteinases from plants putatively involved in defence and as endogenous regulators of protein turnover. seven genes encoding cystatins (hvcpi-1 to hvcpi-7), identified from est collections and from an endosperm cdna library, have been characterized. the intron-exon structure of their corresponding orfs has been determined and the predicted three-dimensional models for the seven barley cystatins have been established, based on the known crystal structure ... | 2006 | 17099080 |
| study of amine composition of botrytized grape berries. | aliphatic primary and biogenic amines of grape varieties from two vintages were studied. we established that appearance and/or increase of both primary aliphatic and biogenic amines is due to microbiota living in/on grape berries. aszú, gray rotten grapes infected mainly with botrytis cinerea, grape berries infected mainly with penicillium species, and intact grape berries were compared on the basis of amine composition using t-test, analysis of variance, and multivariate statistical analysis (p ... | 2006 | 17090141 |
| rhizobium etli usda9032 engineered to produce a phenazine antibiotic inhibits the growth of fungal pathogens but is impaired in symbiotic performance. | phenazine production was engineered in rhizobium etli usda9032 by the introduction of the phz locus of pseudomonas chlororaphis o6. phenazine-producing r. etli was able to inhibit the growth of botrytis cinerea and fusarium oxysporum in vitro. black bean inoculated with phenazine-producing r. etli produced brownish fix(-) nodules. | 2007 | 17085692 |
| stereoselective total synthesis of the proposed structure of 2-epibotcinolide. | [structure: see text] the total synthesis of pseudo 2-epibotcinolide (1b) through several featured synthetic approaches has been attained. first, the chiral linear precursors of the nine-membered ring compound is stereoselectively constructed by the asymmetric aldol reaction for producing beta-hydroxy ester units. second, the key cyclization reaction to form the nine-membered lactone moiety is efficiently achieved by the extremely facile and powerful mixed-anhydride method promoted by 2-methyl-6 ... | 2006 | 17078697 |
| changing green leaf volatile biosynthesis in plants: an approach for improving plant resistance against both herbivores and pathogens. | green leaf volatiles (glvs) are commonly emitted by green plants, and their production is drastically enhanced when they are under biotic stress. to clarify the ecological function of naturally emitted glvs, we studied the response of arabidopsis, whose glv biosynthesis had been modified, when subjected to herbivory or a pathogenic infection. there was a significant increase in glv production after herbivory by cabbage white butterfly larvae and pathogen (gray mold) infection in hydroperoxide ly ... | 2006 | 17075049 |
| the grapevine polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein (vvpgip1) reduces botrytis cinerea susceptibility in transgenic tobacco and differentially inhibits fungal polygalacturonases. | polygalacturonase-inhibiting proteins (pgips) selectively inhibit polygalacturonases (pgs) secreted by invading plant pathogenic fungi. pgips display differential inhibition towards pgs from different fungi, also towards different isoforms of pgs originating from a specific pathogen. recently, a pgip-encoding gene from vitis vinifera (vvpgip1) was isolated and characterised. pgip purified from grapevine was shown to inhibit crude polygalacturonase extracts from botrytis cinerea, but this inhibit ... | 2006 | 17072564 |
| arabidopsis wrky33 transcription factor is required for resistance to necrotrophic fungal pathogens. | plant wrky transcription factors are key regulatory components of plant responses to microbial infection. in addition to regulating the expression of defense-related genes, wrky transcription factors have also been shown to regulate cross-talk between jasmonate- and salicylate-regulated disease response pathways. the two pathways mediate resistance against different types of microbial pathogens, and there are numerous reports of antagonistic interactions between them. here we show that mutations ... | 2006 | 17059405 |
| leaf hairs influence phytopathogenic fungus infection and confer an increased resistance when expressing a trichoderma alpha-1,3-glucanase. | the leaf surface of a very large number of plant species are covered by trichomes. non-glandular trichomes are specialized unicellular or multicellular structures that occur in many different plant species and function in xenobiotic detoxification and protecting the plant against pest attack. by analysing the susceptibility of trichome mutants, evidence is provided that indicates the influence of leaf trichomes on foliar fungal infections in arabidopsis thaliana, probably by facilitating the adh ... | 2006 | 17043085 |
| comparison of composition and antifungal activity of artemisia argyi lévl. et vant inflorescence essential oil extracted by hydrodistillation and supercritical carbon dioxide. | essential oil of artemisia argyi lévl. et vant inflorescence was obtained by supercritical co(2) extraction and hydrodistillation. the oil was analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry to characterize its components and was also tested for antifungal activity. a total of 61 compounds were identified in the hydrodistilled oil. the major components were 1,8-cineole (4.46%), borneol (3.58%), terpinol (10.18%), spathulenol (10.03%), caryophyllene oxide (6.51%), juniper camphor (8.74%), camazu ... | 2006 | 17032625 |
| cloning and overexpression of antifungal barley chitinase gene in escherichia coli. | plant chitinases are pathogenesis-related proteins, which are believed to be involved in plant defense responses to pathogen infection. in this study, chitinase gene from barley was cloned and overexpressed in escherichia coli. chitinase (35 kda) was isolated and purified. since the protein was produced as insoluble inclusion bodies, the protein was solubilized and refolded. purified chitinase exerted broad-spectrum antifungal activity against botrytis cinerea (blight of tobacco), pestalotia the ... | 2007 | 17029984 |
| [collagenolytic activity in several species of deuteromycetes under various storage conditions]. | the ability of deuteromycetes of the genera penicillium, aspergillus, and botrytis to retain collagenolytic activity was studied after both 2 and 10 years of storage on a czapek medium under a layer of mineral oil at 4 degrees c, as well as in silica gel granules at 20 and -60 degrees c. the enzymatic activity of several species, including botrytis terrestris, penicillium janthinellum, penicillium chrysogenum, and penicillium citrinum, was retained under both conditions of storage. aspergillus r ... | 2006 | 17022462 |
| yeast increases resistance in arabidopsis against pseudomonas syringae and botrytis cinerea by salicylic acid-dependent as well as -independent mechanisms. | cell-wall and glucopeptide components of yeast have been reported to exhibit elicitor activity. the mode of action of defense activation by yeast is not known so far. in this study, we used the model plant arabidopsis to investigate the activation of defense responses by yeast, the effect on resistance against different pathogens, and the mode of action. treatment of arabidopsis plants with an autoclaved yeast suspension induced the expression of systemic acquired resistance-related genes and ac ... | 2006 | 17022178 |
| molecular basis of ergosterol-induced protection of grape against botrytis cinerea: induction of type i ltp promoter activity, wrky, and stilbene synthase gene expression. | type i lipid transfer proteins (ltps) are basic, 9-kda cystein-rich proteins believed to be involved in plant defense mechanisms. a 2,100-bp fragment containing the coding region of vitis vinifera lipid transfer protein 1 (vvltp1) and 1,420-bp of its promoter region was isolated by screening a grape genomic library. in silico analysis revealed several putative, defense-related, cis-regulatory elements such as w- and myb-boxes, involved in the binding of wrky and myb transcription factors, respec ... | 2006 | 17022174 |
| metschnikowia strains isolated from botrytized grapes antagonize fungal and bacterial growth by iron depletion. | noble-rotted grapes are colonized by complex microbial populations. i isolated pigment-producing metschnikowia strains from noble-rotted grapes that had antagonistic activity against filamentous fungi, yeasts, and bacteria. a red-maroon pigment was formed from a diffusible colorless precursor released by the cells into the medium. the conversion of the precursor required iron and could occur both in the cells (red colonies) and in the medium (red halos around colonies). the intensity of pigmenta ... | 2006 | 17021223 |
| occurrence of pathogenic fungal species in tunisian vineyards. | mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by filamentous fungi detected in food, such are grapes. ota was evaluated in ten handle musts from different tunisian vineyard. this mycotoxin was found at levels 1.1 mug/l to 4.3 mug/l. a survey was conducted to assess the contamination of the tunisian vineyard with pathogenic fungal species, in particular those responsible of the ota production. the results were evaluated for the first time in parcels cultivated in the north, in the centre and in t ... | 2007 | 17014922 |
| study of the three-way interaction between trichoderma atroviride, plant and fungal pathogens by using a proteomic approach. | the main molecular factors involved in the complex interactions occurring between plants (bean), two different fungal pathogens (botrytis cinerea, rhizoctonia solani) and an antagonistic strain of the genus trichoderma were investigated. two-dimensional (2-d) electrophoresis was used to analyze separately collected proteomes from each single, two- or three-partner interaction (i.e., plant, pathogenic and antagonistic fungus alone and in all possible combinations). differential proteins were subj ... | 2006 | 17008992 |
| microwave-assisted, one-pot syntheses and fungicidal activity of polyfluorinated 2-benzylthiobenzothiazoles. | polyfluorinated 2-benzylthiobenzothiazoles 3a-l are prepared via a microwave-assisted, one-pot procedure. the advantages, such as good to excellent yields, shorter reaction time (14-21min), readily available starting material, and simple purification procedure, distinguish the present protocol from other existing methods used for the synthesis of 2-benzylthiobenzothiazoles. bioassay indicated that most of the compounds showed significant fungicidal activity against rhizoctonia solani, botrytis c ... | 2006 | 17008103 |
| biological control of postharvest spoilage caused by penicillium expansum and botrytis cinerea in apple by using the bacterium rahnella aquatilis. | the epiphytic bacterium rahnella aquatilis, isolated from fruit and leaves of apples, was tested for antagonistic properties against penicillium expansum and botrytis cinerea on red delicious apple fruit. in "in vitro" assays, this bacterium inhibited completely the germination of p. expansum and b. cinerea spores, but it needed direct contact with the spores to do it. however the putative mechanism seemed be different for the two pathogens. the bacterium did not produce extracellular antibiotic ... | 2007 | 17007950 |
| the antifungal activity of widdrol and its biotransformation by colletotrichum gloeosporioides (penz.) penz. & sacc. and botrytis cinerea pers.: fr. | widdrol (1) was tested against the necrotrophic plant pathogens botrytis cinerea and colletotrichum gloeosporioides. while 1 was found to be inactive against c. gloeosporioides, it showed a selective and effective control of b. cinerea, significantly inhibiting the mycelial growth of the fungus at concentrations of 100 ppm and above. in addition, the biotransformation of 1 by both fungi was studied. incubation with c. gloeosporioides and b. cinerea afforded four and one biotransformation product ... | 2006 | 17002416 |
| effect of ascorbate oxidase over-expression on ascorbate recycling gene expression in response to agents imposing oxidative stress. | ascorbate oxidase (ao) is a cell wall-localized enzyme that uses oxygen to catalyse the oxidation of ascorbate (aa) to the unstable radical monodehydroascorbate (mdha) which rapidly disproportionates to yield dehydroascorbate (dha) and aa, and thus contributes to the regulation of the aa redox state. here, it is reported that in vivo lowering of the apoplast aa redox state, through increased ao expression in transgenic tobacco (nicotiana tabacum l. cv. xanthi), exerts no effects on the expressio ... | 2006 | 16997902 |
| isolation and characterization of a novel thermostable non-specific lipid transfer protein-like antimicrobial protein from motherwort (leonurus japonicus houtt) seeds. | in screening for potent antimicrobial proteins from plant seeds, a novel heat-stable antimicrobial protein, designated ljamp2, was purified from seeds of the motherwort (leonurus japonicus houtt), a medicine herb, with a procedure involving cation exchange chromatography on a cm ff column, and reverse phase hplcs on c8 column and c18 column. ljamp2 exhibited a molecular mass of 6.2 kda determined. automated edman degradation determined the partial n-terminal sequence of ljamp2 to be nh2-aigcntva ... | 2006 | 16979797 |
| isolation and characterization of a novel mung bean protease inhibitor with antipathogenic and anti-proliferative activities. | a novel protease inhibitor, designated mungoin, with both antifungal and antibacterial activities, and exhibiting a molecular mass of 10kda in sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, was isolated from mung bean (phaseolus mungo) seeds. the isolation procedure involved a combination of extraction, ammonium sulfate precipitation, ion exchange chromatography on cm-sephadex, and high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc) on sp-toyopearl. its isoelectric point was estimated to be 9.8 by isoelectri ... | 2006 | 16971020 |
| stereoisomeric distribution of 3-mercaptohexan-1-ol and 3-mercaptohexyl acetate in dry and sweet white wines made from vitis vinifera (var. sauvignon blanc and semillon). | the enantiomeric distribution of 3-mercaptohexan-1-ol (3mh) and 3-mercaptohexyl acetate (3mha) in vitis vinifera wines was determined by combining two techniques: specific purification of volatile thiols from the wines using p-hydroxymercuribenzoate and separation of the chiral molecules by gas-phase chromatography on a cyclodextrin capillary column. the r and s enantiomer ratios of these two thiols in dry white sauvignon blanc and semillon wines are approximately 30:70 for a3mh and 50:50 for 3m ... | 2006 | 16968090 |
| trehalose metabolism is important for heat stress tolerance and spore germination of botrytis cinerea. | to analyse the role of trehalose as stress protectant and carbon storage compound in the grey mould fungus botrytis cinerea, mutants defective in trehalose-6-phosphate synthase (tps1) and neutral trehalase (tre1) were constructed. the deltatps1 mutant was unable to synthesize trehalose, whereas the deltatre1 mutant showed elevated trehalose levels compared to the wild-type and was unable to mobilize trehalose during conidial germination. both mutants showed normal vegetative growth and were not ... | 2006 | 16946258 |
| a hemagglutinin with mitogenic activity from dark red kidney beans. | a 67-kda hemagglutinin composed of two identical subunits was purified from phaseolus vulgaris cv. 'dark red kidney bean'. it was unadsorbed on deae-cellulose but adsorbed on affi-gel blue gel. the hemagglutinin was highly purified after the two aforementioned chromatographic steps as revealed by a single peak in gel filtration on superdex 75 and a single band in sds-page. the hemagglutinating activity was stable between 25 degrees c and 70 degrees c, and between ph 4 and ph 11, and in the prese ... | 2006 | 16945595 |
| [analysis of shoot apical anatomic changes during the development of brassica plants]. | in this study, we analyzed shoot apical anatomic changes during the development of brassica plants including cauliflower (brasscia oleracea l.var. botrytis), broccoli (b. oleracea l.var italica), chinese cabbage (brasscia compestris spp. pekinensis) and cabbage (brasscia oleracea.l.). it has been showed that all of their apical meristems changed from the original tunica-corpus structure to the intergrade subarea, to typical 5-subarea structure and to 4-subarea structure when they went into repro ... | 2006 | 16944593 |
| a class iii histidine kinase acts as a novel virulence factor in botrytis cinerea. | filamentous ascomycetes contain large numbers of histidine kinases (hk) that belong to eleven classes. members of class iii from different species were previously shown to be involved in osmoregulation and resistance to dicarboximide and phenylpyrrole fungicides. we have inactivated the gene encoding the single group iii hk, bos1, in the economically important plant pathogen botrytis cinerea. bos1 inactivation had pleiotropic effects on the fungus. besides the expected osmosensitivity and resist ... | 2006 | 16941908 |
| positive selection in phytotoxic protein-encoding genes of botrytis species. | evolutionary patterns of sequence divergence were analyzed in genes from the fungal genus botrytis (ascomycota), encoding phytotoxic proteins homologous to a necrosis and ethylene-inducing protein from fusarium oxysporum. fragments of two paralogous genes (designated nep1 and nep2) were amplified from all known botrytis species and sequenced. nep1 sequences of two botrytis species contain premature stop codons, indicating that they may be non-functional. both paralogs of all species encode prote ... | 2007 | 16935013 |
| expression profiling and mutant analysis reveals complex regulatory networks involved in arabidopsis response to botrytis infection. | the expression profiles of botrytis-inoculated arabidopsis plants were studied to determine the nature of the defense transcriptome and to identify genes involved in host responses to the pathogen. normally resistant arabidopsis wild-type plants were compared with coi1, ein2, and nahg plants that are defective in various defense responses and/or show increased susceptibility to botrytis. in wild-type plants, the expression of 621 genes representing approximately 0.48% of the arabidopsis transcri ... | 2006 | 16925600 |
| antisense expression of the arabidopsis thaliana atpgip1 gene reduces polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein accumulation and enhances susceptibility to botrytis cinerea. | polygalacturonases (pgs) hydrolyze the homogalacturonan of plant cell-wall pectin and are important virulence factors of several phytopathogenic fungi. in response to abiotic and biotic stress, plants accumulate pg-inhibiting proteins (pgips) that reduce the activity of fungal pgs. in arabidopsis thaliana, pgips with comparable activity against bcpg1, an important pathogenicity factor of the necrotrophic fungus botrytis cinerea, are encoded by two genes, atpgip1 and atpgip2. both genes are induc ... | 2006 | 16903359 |
| antimicrobial activity of resin acid derivatives. | the wide potential of resin acids as bioactive agents gave rise to a growing effort in the search for new applications of the natural forms and their derivatives. in some of these compounds, the antimicrobial activity is associated to the presence in the molecules of functional groups such as the hydroxyl, aldehyde, and ketone or to their cis or trans configurations. the resin acid family covers a spectrum of antimicrobial activities against several microorganisms, from bacteria to fungi, in whi ... | 2006 | 16896605 |
| influence of the region of origin on the mycobiota of grapes with emphasis on aspergillus and penicillium species. | a three-year study was undertaken to investigate the fungal species present on the surface of grape berries from portuguese vineyards in four winemaking regions. emphasis was given to aspergillus and penicillium species due to their relevance for mycotoxin production. from the 3517 fungal strains detected 27 genera were identified. the region of origin markedly influenced the spoilage fungal population to which berries are exposed. the main differences found were in the incidence of a. niger agg ... | 2006 | 16891107 |
| botrytis cinerea virulence is drastically reduced after disruption of chitin synthase class iii gene (bcchs3a). | botrytis cinerea is an important phytopathogenic fungus requiring new methods of control. chitin biosynthesis, which involves seven classes of chitin synthases, could be an attractive target. a fragment encoding one of the class iii enzymes was used to disrupt the corresponding bcchs3a gene in the b. cinerea genome. the resulting mutant exhibited a 39% reduction in its chitin content and an 89% reduction in its in vitro chitin synthase activity, compared with the wild-type strain. bcchs3a mutant ... | 2006 | 16882034 |
| generation and analysis of expressed sequence tags from botrytis cinerea. | botrytis cinerea is a filamentous plant pathogen of a wide range of plant species, and its infection may cause enormous damage both during plant growth and in the post-harvest phase. we have constructed a cdna library from an isolate of b. cinerea and have sequenced 11,482 expressed sequence tags that were assembled into 1,003 contigs sequences and 3,032 singletons. approximately 81% of the unigenes showed significant similarity to genes coding for proteins with known functions: more than 50% of ... | 2006 | 16874411 |
| arabidopsis thaliana: a model host plant to study plant-pathogen interaction using chilean field isolates of botrytis cinerea. | one of the fungal pathogens that causes more agriculture damage is botrytis cinerea. botrytis is a constant threat to crops because the fungus infects a wide range of host species, both native and cultivated. furthermore, botrytis persists on plant debris in and on the soil. some of the most serious diseases caused by botrytis include gray mold on vegetables and fruits, such as grapes and strawberries. botrytis also causes secondary soft rot of fruits and vegetables during storage, transit and a ... | 2006 | 16874397 |
| antimicrobial activity of carvacrol related to its chemical structure. | to investigate the relation between the chemical structure and the antimicrobial activity of carvacrol, eugenol, menthol and two synthesized carvacrol derivative compounds: carvacrol methyl ether and carvacryl acetate against bacteria, escherichia coli, pseudomonas fluorescens, staphylococcus aureus, lactobacillus plantarum, bacillus subtilis, a yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae and one fungi botrytis cinerea. | 2006 | 16869897 |
| enhancement of fungicidal and insecticidal activity by reductive alkylation of chitosan. | a series of n-alkyl chitosan (nac) derivatives were synthesized using a reductive alkylation reaction to examine their fungicidal and insecticidal activity. the chemical structures were characterized by ir and (1)h nmr spectroscopy, and the degree of substitution (ds) ranged from 0.02 to 0.37. their fungicidal activity was evaluated against the grey mould botrytis cinerea pers ex fr (leotiales: sclerotiniaceae) and the rice leaf blast pathogen pyricularia grisea sacc [teleomorph: magnaporthe gri ... | 2006 | 16847817 |
| a mutation in the gtp hydrolysis site of arabidopsis dynamin-related protein 1e confers enhanced cell death in response to powdery mildew infection. | we screened for mutants of arabidopsis thaliana that displayed enhanced disease resistance to the powdery mildew pathogen erysiphe cichoracearum and identified the edr3 mutant, which formed large gray lesions upon infection with e. cichoracearum and supported very little sporulation. the edr3-mediated disease resistance and cell death phenotypes were dependent on salicylic acid signaling, but independent of ethylene and jasmonic acid signaling. in addition, edr3 plants displayed enhanced suscept ... | 2006 | 16824181 |
| identification of an abscisic acid gene cluster in the grey mold botrytis cinerea. | like several other phytopathogenic fungi, the ascomycete botrytis cinerea is known to produce the plant hormone abscisic acid (aba) in axenic culture. recently, bcaba1, the first fungal gene involved in aba biosynthesis, was identified. neighborhood analysis of bcaba1 revealed three further candidate genes of this pathway: a putative p450 monooxygenase-encoding gene (bcaba2), an open reading frame without significant similarities (bcaba3), and a gene probably coding for a short-chain dehydrogena ... | 2006 | 16820452 |
| evidence for protein degradation by botrytis cinerea and relationships with alteration of synthetic wine foaming properties. | botrytis cinerea is an important fungal pathogen particularly dreaded in the cool climate vineyard. it is responsible for important damage, especially the decrease in foamability of sparkling wines, such as champagne. different studies have shown that proteins are largely involved in the stabilization of champagne foam despite their low concentration. other works demonstrated changes in the electrophoretic characteristics of must proteins originating from botrytized grapes, although the cause of ... | 2006 | 16819930 |
| overexpression in arabidopsis of a plasma membrane-targeting glutamate receptor from small radish increases glutamate-mediated ca2+ influx and delays fungal infection. | ionotropic glutamate receptors (iglurs) are ligand-gated nonselective cation channels that mediate fast excitatory neurotransmission. although homologues of the iglurs have been identified in higher plants, their roles are largely unknown. in this work we isolated a full-length cdna clone (rsglur) encoding a putative glutamate receptor from small radish. an rsglur: mgfp fusion protein was localized to the plasma membrane. in arabidopsis thaliana overexpressing the full-length cdna, glutamate tre ... | 2006 | 16819306 |
| expression and functional analyses of the plastid lipid-associated protein chrc suggest its role in chromoplastogenesis and stress. | chromoplastogenesis during flower development and fruit ripening involves the dramatic overaccumulation of carotenoids sequestered into structures containing lipids and proteins called plastid lipid-associated proteins (paps). chrc, a cucumber (cucumis sativus) pap, has been suggested to be transcriptionally activated in carotenoid-accumulating flowers by gibberellin (ga). mybys, a myb-like trans-activator identified here, may represent a chromoplastogenesis-related factor: its expression is flo ... | 2006 | 16815957 |
| analysis of defensive responses activated by volatile allo-ocimene treatment in arabidopsis thaliana. | since volatile allo-ocimene enhances resistance of arabidopsis thaliana against botrytis cinerea, we attempted to dissect the factors involved in this induced resistance. the penetration of b. cinerea hyphae into arabidopsis epidermis and the growth of hyphae after penetration were suppressed on allo-ocimene-treated leaves. allo-ocimene also induced lignification on cell walls and veins of the leaves. the treatment induced accumulation of antifungal substances including the arabidopsis phytoalex ... | 2006 | 16808931 |
| fungicidal property of active component derived from acorus gramineus rhizome against phytopathogenic fungi. | the fungicidal property of acorus gramineus rhizome-derived materials against botrytis cineria, erysiphe graminis, phytophthora infestans, puccinia recondita, pyricularia grisea, and rhizoctonia solani was tested using a whole plant method in vivo, and was compared with a synthetic fungicide and seven commercially available a. gramineus rhizome-derived components. the responses varied according to the plant pathogen tested. at 2000 mg/l, the hexane fraction of a. gramineus rhizomes showed strong ... | 2007 | 16806912 |
| the phytoalexins from cauliflower, caulilexins a, b and c: isolation, structure determination, syntheses and antifungal activity. | our continuous search for phytoalexins from crucifers led us to examine phytoalexin production in florets of cauliflower (brassica oleracea var. botrytis) under abiotic (uv light) elicitation. four known (isalexin, s-(-)-spirobrassinin, 1-methoxybrassitin, brassicanal c) and three new (caulilexins a-c) phytoalexins were isolated. the syntheses and antifungal activity of caulilexins a-c against the economically important pathogenic fungi leptosphaeria maculans, rhizoctonia solani and sclerotinia ... | 2006 | 16806330 |
| beta-carotene accumulation induced by the cauliflower or gene is not due to an increased capacity of biosynthesis. | the cauliflower (brassica oleracea l. var. botrytis) or gene is a rare carotenoid gene mutation that confers a high level of beta-carotene accumulation in various tissues of the plant, turning them orange. to investigate the biochemical basis of or-induced carotenogenesis, we examined the carotenoid biosynthesis by evaluating phytoene accumulation in the presence of norflurazon, an effective inhibitor of phytoene desaturase. calli were generated from young seedlings of wild type and or mutant pl ... | 2006 | 16790254 |
| necrotrophic mycoparasitism of botrytis cinerea by cellulolytic and ligninocellulolytic basidiomycetes. | twenty-six isolates representing 17 species of aphyllophoraceous, wood-decaying basidiomycetes and five species of agaricoid, turf-borne, thatch-decaying basidiomycetes were screened for their abilities to degrade cellulose, lignin, and melanin by using colorimetric degradation assays on agar media. selected ligninocellulolytic basidiomycetes capable of degrading melanin were screened for antagonism of botrytis cinerea per.:fr. the greatest inhibition of botrytis colony and hyphal growth in vitr ... | 2006 | 16788718 |
| biodegradation of the fungicide iprodione by zygosaccharomyces rouxii strain dbvpg 6399. | iprodione is a contact fungicide used to control several pathogens such as botrytis cinerea, monilia, and sclerotinia. this paper reports the ability of an iprodione-resistant strain of zygosaccharomyces rouxii to degrade iprodione at a concentration of 1 mg l(-1). the yeast z. rouxii was chosen also for its ability to grow at high osmolarity. also of note is that in bioremediation situations and in the food industry such resistance could be important. the kinetic and metabolic behaviors of the ... | 2006 | 16787022 |
| casar82a, a pathogen-induced pepper sar8.2, exhibits an antifungal activity and its overexpression enhances disease resistance and stress tolerance. | pepper sar8.2 gene (casar82a) was previously reported to be locally or systemically induced in pepper plants by biotic and abiotic stresses. in this study, the physiological and molecular functions of the pepper sar8.2 protein in the plant defense responses were investigated by generating arabidopsis transgenic lines overexpressing the casar82a gene. the transgenic arabidopsis plants grew faster than the wild-type plants, indicating that the casar82a gene was involved in plant development. the e ... | 2006 | 16786294 |
| quantitative structure-activity relationship studies for the prediction of antifungal activity of n-arylbenzenesulfonamides against botrytis cinerea. | the botrytis cinerea is one of the most interesting fungal pathogens. it can infect almost every plant and plant part and cause early latent infections which damage the fruit before ripening. the qsar is an alternative method for the research of new and better fungicides against b. cinerea. this paper describes the results of applying a topological sub-structural molecular design (tops-mode) approach for predicting the antifungal activity of 28 n-arylbenzenesulfonamides. the model described 86.1 ... | 2007 | 16782373 |
| prevention and control of pests and diseases. | a well-controlled growth environment with plants that are not unduly stressed is essential for arabidopsis molecular biology research. even if they do not kill the plants outright, insect pests and microbial pathogens can cause subtle changes in gene expression or plant metabolism that affect experimental results. therefore, regular scouting for infestations, frequent cleaning of plant growth areas, proper disposal of dead or diseased plant material, and controlled access to the greenhouses or g ... | 2006 | 16739564 |
| the distribution and evolutionary history of the prp8 intein. | we recently described a mini-intein in the prp8 gene of a strain of the basidiomycete cryptococcus neoformans, an important fungal pathogen of humans. this was the second described intein in the nuclear genome of any eukaryote; the first nuclear encoded intein was found in the vma gene of several saccharomycete yeasts. the evolution of eukaryote inteins is not well understood. in this report we describe additional prp8 inteins (bringing the total of these to over 20). we compare and contrast the ... | 2006 | 16737526 |
| partition of the botrytis cinerea complex in france using multiple gene genealogies. | in micro-organisms biodiversity is often underestimated because relevant criteria for recognition of distinct evolutionary units are lacking. phylogenetic approaches have been proved the most useful in fungi to address this issue. botrytis cinerea, a generalist fungus causing gray mold, illustrates this problem. it long has been thought to be a single variable species. recent population genetics studies have shown that b. cinerea is a species complex. however conflicting partitions were proposed ... | 2005 | 16722218 |
| induction of senescence-like deterioration of microsomal membranes from cauliflower by free radicals generated during gamma irradiation. | membrane deterioration differs in aging and senescent tissues. involvement of free radicals in the process is generally recognized. little is known about the physiological effects of gamma irradiation on plant tissues. degradation of microsomal membranes by the action of free radicals, generated in vivo by gamma rays, was investigated. cauliflower florets (brassica oleracea l., botrytis group) were exposed to 2 or 4 kilogray of gamma radiation. membrane deterioration was assessed during 8-day st ... | 1991 | 16668433 |
| stimulation of sanguinarine production by combined fungal elicitation and hormonal deprivation in cell suspension cultures of papaver bracteatum. | fungal elicitor preparations from either homogenized mycelia of dendryphion penicillatum (cda.) fr., a specific pathogen of papaver species, or conidia of verticillium dahliae kleb., a general pathogen, were added to 14-day-old suspension cultures of papaver bracteatum. plant tissue cultures were grown either in the presence or absence of 0.1 milligram of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid per liter and 0.5 milligram of 6-benzylam-inopurine per liter. dendryphion extracts elicited an accumulation of ... | 1988 | 16665861 |
| the c-s lyases of higher plants : isolation and properties of homogeneous cystine lyase from broccoli (brassica oleracea var botrytis) buds. | cystine lyase degrades l-cystine by a beta-elimination to form cysteine persulfide, pyruvate, and ammonia. this enzyme is common in brassica sp. and has been purified to homogeneity from extracts of broccoli (brassica oleracea var botrytis) buds. two isozymes were separated on deae-fractogel columns and the first peak, cystine lyase i further purified to homogeneity. the purified enzyme had a narrow range of substrate specificity with l-cystine and s-alkyl-l-cysteine sulfoxides being the primary ... | 1986 | 16664688 |
| activation kinetics of nad-dependent malic enzyme of cauliflower bud mitochondria. | nad-dependent malic enzyme (ec 1.1.1.39) was obtained from isolated mitochondria of cauliflower buds (brassica oleracea l., var. botrytis). the nad-linked activity is accompanied by a minor nadp-linked activity. some contaminant nadp-malic enzyme from the supernatant and the plasma membrane is usually present in crude mitochondrial preparations. nad-dependent malic enzyme has been purified 38-fold by ammonium sulfate fractionation and gel permeation chromatography, to a specific activity up to 2 ... | 1981 | 16662073 |
| action spectrum for photosporogenesis in botrytis cinerea pers. ex fr. | an action spectrum for photoinduced conidium formation in the fungus botrytis cinerea pers. ex fr. was determined by exposing colonies to monochromatic radiation obtained from a diffraction grating monochromator. wavelengths longer than 355 nm were ineffective even after exposures of 8 hours at intensities of 4,068 to 8,276 erg per cm(2) per second. colonies were exposed at 22.5 c from 226 to 355 nm at about 5 nm intervals. three prominent peaks of effectiveness occurred at about 231, 268, and 2 ... | 1978 | 16660370 |
| an evaluation of 4-s-methyl-2-keto-butyric acid as an intermediate in the biosynthesis of ethylene. | stimulation of ethylene production by cauliflower (brassica oleracea var. botrytis l.) tissue in buffer solution containing 4-s-methyl-2-keto-butyric acid is not due to activation of the natural in vivo system. increased ethylene production derives from an extra-cellular ethylene-forming system, catalyzed by peroxidase and other factors, which leak from the cauliflower tissue and cause the degradation of 4-s-methyl-2-keto-butyric acid. this exogenous ethylene-forming system is similar to the eth ... | 1971 | 16657663 |
| the association of carbohydrate changes in the shoot tip of cauliflower with flowering. | changes in levels of sugars and starch in the shoot tip of cauliflower, brassica oleracea l. var. botrytis d. c. cv. main crop were studied during periods of growth which were inductive or non-inductive to flowering. flowering was induced by growing plants for 2 weeks under 16 hr of light at 5 degrees . during this period of floral induction there was a significant increase in sugar and starch content compared to that in vegetative plants grown at 20 to 26 degrees . sugar and starch content did ... | 1968 | 16656956 |
| serine transhydroxymethylase of cauliflower (brassica oleracea var. botrytis l.): partial purification and properties. | serine transhydroxymethylase (ec 2.1.2.1) has been purified 46-fold from cauliflower (brassica oleracea var. botrytis l.). the enzyme was completely dependent on the presence of tetrahydrofolic acid for the conversion of serine to glycine. the addition of pyridoxal phosphate gave a large increase in the reaction rate. a double ph optimum was observed with maxima at 7.5 and 9.5. the enzyme is specific for l-serine. the d-isomer is neither a substrate nor an inhibitor. the michaelis constants for ... | 1967 | 16656717 |
| on autotropism in botrytis: measurement technique and control by co(2). | the mutual orientation of the germination of nearby pairs of botrytis spores growing in a simple, dilute medium was studied. if the medium is equilibrated with room air, they show a very strong tendency to germinate both toward each other and in a cis arrangement, i.e., toward the same side of the line joining their centers. if the medium is equilibrated with air enriched with 0.3% or 3% co(2), (i.e., 10 or 100 times the normal co(2) concentration) then the cells show an equally strong tendency ... | 1966 | 16656255 |
| carbohydrate metabolism and oxalic acid synthesis by botrytis cinerea. | 1954 | 16654653 | |
| botcinins e and f and botcinolide from botrytis cinerea and structural revision of botcinolides. | botcinins e and f were isolated together with the known botcinolide. the structures of botcinins e and f were determined to be 3-o-deacetylbotcinin a (5) and 3-o-deacetyl-2-epi-botcinin a (6), respectively, by spectroscopic methods and chemical conversion. the structure of botcinolide was revised on the basis of spectroscopic data and chemical conversion. botcinolide was originally reported as a nine-membered lactone (7), but the revised structure is the seco acid of botcinin e (13). thus botcin ... | 2006 | 16643065 |
| treatments with gras compounds to keep fig fruit (ficus carica l.) quality during cold storage. | the trade of fresh fig fruit is restricted by its high perishability and numerous attempts have been done to extend the postharvest life. the main difficulties can be found in the fast ripening and the easiness of pathogen spread. although the ripening can be slowed by low storage temperatures (close to 0 degrees c) the control of pathogens remains still unsolved since no pesticide treatments are allowed. generally recognized as save compounds (g.r.a.s.) are possible candidates to fulfil this vo ... | 2005 | 16637198 |
| fungicidal effect of chitosan derivatives containing an n-alkyl group on grey mould botryti77s cinerea and rice leaf blast pyricularia grisea. | 2005 | 16637181 | |
| fungicidal activity of some o-acyl chitosan derivatives against grey mould botrytis cinerea and rice leaf blast pyricularia grisea. | 2005 | 16637180 | |
| signum, a new fungicide for control of leaf diseases in outdoor vegetables. | during three years, the new fungicide signum, containing 6.7% pyraclostrobine + 26.7 % boscalid and developed by basf. has been evaluated in leek, carrots and cabbages in several outdoor field experiments under practical conditions and during one year in outdoor lettuce. in leek, phytophthora porri is one of the major leaf diseases causing lesions on differ ent places on the leaves, resulting in at least extra labour costs for trimming or even worse sometimes resulting in complete crop loss. so ... | 2005 | 16637178 |
| biological control of botrytis gray mould and sclerotinia drop in lettuce. | research was carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of the biological control of two most important fungal diseases of lettuce (lactuca sativa l.): 1) botrytis gray mould caused by botrytis cinerea pers. ex fr.; 2) sclerotinia drop caused by two pathogenic fungi, sclerotinia sclerotiorum (lib.) de bary and/or sclerotinia minorjagger. biological control in lettuce was carried out: 1) using coniothyrium minitans campbell, an antagonist fungus that attacks and destroys sclerotia within the soil; ... | 2005 | 16637171 |
| selection of antagonists of postharvest apple parasites: penicillium expansum and botrytis cinerea. | the objectives of this study were to constitute a collection of pathogenic agents of economic importance which cause losses of apple fruits after harvest namely botrytis cinerea and penicillium expansum and to select in vivo efficient antagonistic strains able to protect fruits against both pathogens at 5 degrees c (p. expansum) and 25 degrees c (p. expansum & b. cinerea). twenty strains of p. expansum and ten strains of b. cinerea have been isolated from infected apple fruits. potential antagon ... | 2005 | 16637169 |
| a new post-harvest fungicide to control fruit rot on apple and pear. | philabuster is a new post-harvest fungicide developed by janssen pharmaceutica n.v.. it provides an advanced mould control by post-harvest treatments of citrus and pome fruit. the product is formulated as a stable suspension concentrate intended for dilution in water before use. philabuster 400 sc contains 200 g/l imazalil and 200 g/l pyrimethanil. both active ingredients have a different single site mode of action. imazalil inhibits ergosterol biosynthesis (dmi), whereas pyrimethanil interferes ... | 2005 | 16637162 |
| botrytis infection warnings in strawberry: reduced enhanced chemical control. | the fungal pathogen botrytis cinerea is the causal agent of grey mould, the most important fungal fruit rot disease in strawberry in europe. currently disease control for grey mould is based on preventive spraying every five to seven days during flowering and harvest. replacing preventive spraying with applications based on infection warnings can optimize performance and reduce the amount of sprays needed. success of this approach will depend on the accuracy of the model used to predict disease ... | 2005 | 16637160 |
| development of a biological control method against postharvest diseases of citrus fruits. | candida oleophila strain o was previously selected for its high and reliable antagonistic activity against botrytis cinerea and penicillium expansum, two important wound pathogens on post-harvest apples. the application of these antagonistic strains on wound pathogens of citrus was more recently undertaken. the efficacy of yeast (applied at several concentrations from 10(5) to 10(8) cfu/ml) was assessed against p. digitatum and p. italicum inoculated after one hours (at a concentration of 10(5), ... | 2005 | 16637158 |
| induction of resistance to the pathogenic agent botrytis cinerea in the cultivation of the tomato by means of the application of the protein "harpin"(messenger). | harpin(ea), an active component in messenger, was originally isolated from the bacterial plant pathogen erwinia amylovora based on its ability to elicit a hypersensitive response (hr). this bacterial pathogen causes "fire blight", a disease in apples and other members of the rosaceae. harpin(ea) also induces resistance in a variety of plants against a wide array of pathogens. the objective of this investigation was to determine indications of resistance induction to botrytis cinerea in the plant ... | 2005 | 16637156 |
| characterization of a new, nonpathogenic mutant of botrytis cinerea with impaired plant colonization capacity. | botrytis cinerea is a necrotrophic pathogen that attacks more than 200 plant species. here, the nonpathogenic mutant a336, obtained via insertional mutagenesis, was characterized. mutant a336 was nonpathogenic on leaves and fruits, on intact and wounded tissue, while still able to penetrate the host plant. it grew normally in vitro on rich media but its conidiation pattern was altered. the mutant did not produce oxalic acid and exhibited a modified regulation of the production of some secreted p ... | 2006 | 16626475 |
| inactivation of botrytis cinerea during thermophilic composting of greenhouse tomato plant residues. | the effectiveness of in-vessel thermophilic composting on the inactivation of botrytis cinerea was evaluated. the bioreactor operated on an infected mixture of tomato plant residues, wood shavings, and municipal solid compost (1:1.5:0.28). tap water and urea were added to adjust the moisture content and c:n ratio to 60% and 30:1, respectively. used cooking oil was added as a bioavailable carbon source to compensate for heat losses from the system and extend the thermophilic composting stage. the ... | 2006 | 16622284 |
| licensed to kill: the lifestyle of a necrotrophic plant pathogen. | necrotrophic plant pathogens have received an increasing amount of attention over the past decade. initially considered to invade their hosts in a rather unsophisticated manner, necrotrophs are now known to use subtle mechanisms to subdue host plants. the gray mould pathogen botrytis cinerea is one of the most comprehensively studied necrotrophic fungal plant pathogens. the genome sequences of two strains have been determined. targeted mutagenesis studies are unraveling the roles played in the i ... | 2006 | 16616579 |
| integrated signaling network involving calcium, nitric oxide, and active oxygen species but not mitogen-activated protein kinases in bcpg1-elicited grapevine defenses. | we have already reported the identification of the endopolygalacturonase 1 (bcpg1) from botrytis cinerea as a potent elicitor of defense responses in grapevine, independently of its enzymatic activity. the aim of the present study is the analysis of the signaling pathways triggered by bcpg1 in grapevine cells. our data indicate that bcpg1 induces a ca2+ entry from the apoplasm, which triggers a phosphorylation-dependent nitric oxide (no) production via an enzyme probably related to a no synthase ... | 2006 | 16610746 |
| isolation and antifungal and antioomycete activities of staurosporine from streptomyces roseoflavus strain ls-a24. | the actinomycete strain ls-a24 active against some plant fungal and oomycete pathogens was isolated from a soil sample of the sunghwan lake in korea. the cell wall composition and spore shape of strain ls-a24 were ll-diaminopimelic acid and spiral type, respectively. on the basis of the physiological and biochemical characteristics and 16s ribosomal dna sequence analysis, strain ls-a24 was identical to streptomyces roseoflavus. an antifungal and antioomycete antibiotic was isolated from ls-a24 u ... | 2006 | 16608228 |
| physical and functional interactions between pathogen-induced arabidopsis wrky18, wrky40, and wrky60 transcription factors. | limited information is available about the roles of specific wrky transcription factors in plant defense. we report physical and functional interactions between structurally related and pathogen-induced wrky18, wrky40, and wrky60 transcription factors in arabidopsis thaliana. the three wrky proteins formed both homocomplexes and heterocomplexes and dna binding activities were significantly shifted depending on which wrky proteins were present in these complexes. single wrky mutants exhibited no ... | 2006 | 16603654 |