Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| evidence for a lectin specific for sulfated glycans in the salivary gland of the malaria vector, anopheles gambiae. | salivary gland homogenate (sgh) from the female mosquitoes anopheles gambiae, an. stephensi, an. freeborni, an. dirus and an. albimanus were found to exhibit hemagglutinating (lectin) activity. lectin activity was not found for male an. gambiae, or female ae aegypti, culex quinquefasciatus, phlebotomus duboscqi, and lutzomyia longipalpis. with respect to species-specificity, an. gambiae sgh agglutinates red blood cells (rbc) from humans, horse, sheep, goat, pig, and cow; it is less active for ra ... | 2014 | 25207644 |
| bioactivity of indigenous medicinal plants against the cotton whitefly, bemisia tabaci. | forty-one methanol extracts of 28 indigenous medicinal plant species were tested for their insecticidal bioactivity against cotton whitefly, bemisia tabaci (gennadius) (hemiptera: aleyrodidae), adults and second nymphal instars under controlled conditions. this study is within a bioprospection context, in the form of utilizing local plant species as an alternative in sustainable agriculture development. eighteen and nine plant extracts caused a significant decrease in number of live adult and ny ... | 0 | 25204756 |
| dynamics of midgut microflora and dengue virus impact on life history traits in aedes aegypti. | significant morbidity and potential mortality following dengue virus infection is a re-emerging global health problem. due to the limited effectiveness of current disease control methods, mosquito biologists have been searching for new methods of controlling dengue transmission. while much effort has concentrated on determining genetic aspects to vector competence, paratransgenetic approaches could also uncover novel vector control strategies. the interactions of mosquito midgut microflora and p ... | 2014 | 25193134 |
| wolbachia can enhance plasmodium infection in mosquitoes: implications for malaria control? | 2014 | 25187984 | |
| metagenomics, paratransgenesis and the anopheles microbiome: a portrait of the geographical distribution of the anopheline microbiota based on a meta-analysis of reported taxa. | anophelines harbour a diverse microbial consortium that may represent an extended gene pool for the host. the proposed effects of the insect microbiota span physiological, metabolic and immune processes. here we synthesise how current metagenomic tools combined with classical culture-dependent techniques provide new insights in the elucidation of the role of the anopheles-associated microbiota. many proposed malaria control strategies have been based upon the immunomodulating effects that the ba ... | 2014 | 25185007 |
| an inverse association between west nile virus serostatus and avian malaria infection status. | various ecological and physiological mechanisms might influence the probability that two or more pathogens may simultaneously or sequentially infect a host individual. concurrent infections can have important consequences for host condition and fitness, including elevated mortality risks. in addition, interactions between coinfecting pathogens may have important implications for transmission dynamics. | 2014 | 25178911 |
| lack of evidence for the presence of schmallenberg virus in mosquitoes in germany, 2011. | in 2011, a novel orthobunyavirus of the simbu serogroup was discovered near the german-dutch border and named schmallenberg virus (sbv). so far, sbv genome has been detected in various field-collected culicoides species; however, other members of the simbu serogroup are also transmitted by mosquitoes. | 2014 | 25174354 |
| rapid transcriptome sequencing of an invasive pest, the brown marmorated stink bug halyomorpha halys. | halyomorpha halys (stål) (insecta:hemiptera;pentatomidae), commonly known as the brown marmorated stink bug (bmsb), is an invasive pest of the mid-atlantic region of the united states, causing economically important damage to a wide range of crops. native to asia, bmsb was first observed in allentown, pa, usa, in 1996, and this pest is now well-established throughout the us mid-atlantic region and beyond. in addition to the serious threat bmsb poses to agriculture, bmsb has become a nuisance to ... | 2014 | 25168586 |
| avian roosting behavior influences vector-host interactions for west nile virus hosts. | extensive work has shown that vectors almost never feed at random. often, a subset of individual hosts and host species are fed on much more frequently than expected from their abundance and this can amplify pathogen transmission. however, the drivers of variation in contact patterns between vectors and their hosts are not well understood, even in relatively well-studied systems such as west nile virus (wnv). | 2014 | 25167979 |
| foeniculum vulgare mill: a review of its botany, phytochemistry, pharmacology, contemporary application, and toxicology. | foeniculum vulgare mill commonly called fennel has been used in traditional medicine for a wide range of ailments related to digestive, endocrine, reproductive, and respiratory systems. additionally, it is also used as a galactagogue agent for lactating mothers. the review aims to gather the fragmented information available in the literature regarding morphology, ethnomedicinal applications, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology of foeniculum vulgare. it also compiles available scientific ... | 2014 | 25162032 |
| molecular characterization of flaviviruses from field-collected mosquitoes in northwestern italy, 2011-2012. | the genus flavivirus comprises several mosquito-borne species, including the zoonotic pathogens west nile and usutu virus, circulating in animals and humans in italy since 1998. due to its ecological and geographical features, piedmont is considered a risk area for flavivirus transmission. here we report the results of a flavivirus survey (detection and genetic characterization) of mosquitoes collected in piedmont in 2012 and the genetic characterization of three strains detected in 2011. | 2014 | 25160565 |
| genetic determinants of differential oral infection phenotypes of west nile and st. louis encephalitis viruses in culex spp. mosquitoes. | st. louis encephalitis virus (slev) has shown greater susceptibility to oral infectivity than west nile virus (wnv) in culex mosquitoes. to identify the viral genetic elements that modulate these disparate phenotypes, structural chimeras (wnv-pre-membrane [prm] and envelope [e] proteins [prme]/slev.ic (infectious clone) and slev-prme/wnv.ic) were constructed in which two of the structural proteins, the prm and e, were interchanged between viruses. oral dose-response assessment with the chimeric/ ... | 2014 | 25157120 |
| wolbachia do not live by reproductive manipulation alone: infection polymorphism in drosophila suzukii and d. subpulchrella. | drosophila suzukii recently invaded north america and europe. populations in hawaii, california, new york and nova scotia are polymorphic for wolbachia, typically with <20% infection frequency. the wolbachia in d. suzukii, denoted wsuz, is closely related to wri, the variant prevalent in continental populations of d. simulans. wsuz is also nearly identical to wolbachia found in d. subpulchrella, plausibly d. suzukii's sister species. this suggests vertical wolbachia transmission through cladogen ... | 2014 | 25156506 |
| olive fly transcriptomics analysis implicates energy metabolism genes in spinosad resistance. | the olive fly, bactrocera oleae, is the most devastating pest of cultivated olives. its control has been traditionally based on insecticides, mainly organophosphates and pyrethroids. in recent years, the naturalyte spinosad is used against the olive fly. as with other insecticides, spinosad is subject to selection pressures that have led to resistance development. mutations in the α6 subunit of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nachr) have been implicated in spinosad resistance in several sp ... | 2014 | 25156405 |
| proteomic profiling of a robust wolbachia infection in an aedes albopictus mosquito cell line. | wolbachia pipientis, a widespread vertically transmitted intracellular bacterium, provides a tool for insect control through manipulation of host-microbe interactions. we report proteomic characterization of wstr, a wolbachia strain associated with a strong cytoplasmic incompatibility phenotype in its native host, laodelphax striatellus. in the aedes albopictus c/wstr1 mosquito cell line, wstr maintains a robust, persistent infection. ms/ms analyses of gel bands revealed a protein 'footprint' do ... | 2014 | 25155417 |
| substitution of the premembrane and envelope protein genes of modoc virus with the homologous sequences of west nile virus generates a chimeric virus that replicates in vertebrate but not mosquito cells. | most known flaviviruses, including west nile virus (wnv), are maintained in natural transmission cycles between hematophagous arthropods and vertebrate hosts. other flaviviruses such as modoc virus (modv) and culex flavivirus (cxfv) have host ranges restricted to vertebrates and insects, respectively. the genetic elements that modulate the differential host ranges and transmission cycles of these viruses have not been identified. | 2014 | 25151534 |
| design, synthesis, and fungicidal evaluation of a series of novel 5-methyl-1h-1,2,3-trizole-4-carboxyl amide and ester analogues. | succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (sdhis) are efficient fungicides that are widely used to control plant diseases caused by phytopathogenic fungi, although their effectiveness is undermined by the development of resistance across a range of different fungi. one of the most common structural features of sdhis is their amide bond. the introduction of greater structural diversity to sdhis is a promising strategy to delay the onset of resistance. a series of novel sdhis containing a bioactive 1,2,3 ... | 2014 | 25147150 |
| gene discovery and differential expression analysis of humoral immune response elements in female culicoides sonorensis (diptera: ceratopogonidae). | female culicoides sonorensis midges (diptera: ceratopogonidae) are vectors of pathogens that impact livestock and wildlife in the united states. little is known about their biology on a molecular-genetic level, including components of their immune system. because the insect immune response is involved with important processes such as gut microbial homeostasis and vector competence, our aims were to identify components of the midge innate immune system and examine their expression profiles in res ... | 2014 | 25145345 |
| mosquito survey during west nile virus outbreak 2012 in northeast croatia. | during the august and september 2012, seven human cases of the west nile neuro-invasive disease were reported in croatia. medical entomology research on a potential vectors during the outbreak was supported by the ministry of health. a mosquito survey has been done in 64 sites in three eastern croatian counties (osijek-baranja county, vukovar-srijem county and in brod-posavina county). dry ice baited cdc traps were used for mosquito sampling in a period from the 10th to 25th september 2012. a to ... | 2014 | 25144969 |
| oral delivery mediated rna interference of a carboxylesterase gene results in reduced resistance to organophosphorus insecticides in the cotton aphid, aphis gossypii glover. | rna interference (rnai) is an effective tool to examine the function of individual genes. carboxylesterases (care, ec 3.1.1.1) are known to play significant roles in the metabolism of xenobiotic compounds in many insect species. previous studies in our laboratory found that care expression was up-regulated in aphis gossypii (glover) (hemiptera: aphididae) adults of both omethoate and malathion resistant strains, indicating the potential involvement of care in organophosphorus (op) insecticide re ... | 2014 | 25140535 |
| sodium channel point mutations associated with pyrethroid resistance in chinese strains of culex pipiens quinquefasciatus (diptera: culicidae). | pesticide resistance due to sodium channel point mutations has been well documented in many mosquito species. | 2014 | 25128988 |
| molecular approaches to improve the insecticidal activity of bacillus thuringiensis cry toxins. | bacillus thuringiensis (bt) is a gram-positive spore-forming soil bacterium that is distributed worldwide. originally recognized as a pathogen of the silkworm, several strains were found on epizootic events in insect pests. in the 1960s, bt began to be successfully used to control insect pests in agriculture, particularly because of its specificity, which reflects directly on their lack of cytotoxicity to human health, non-target organisms and the environment. since the introduction of transgeni ... | 2014 | 25123558 |
| predation and control efficacies of misgurnus mizolepis (cypriniformes: cobitidae) toward culex pipiens molestus (diptera: culicidae) and fish toxicity of temephos in laboratory and septic tank conditions. | culex pipiens molestus forskal (diptera: culicidae) is the dominant mosquito species in septic tanks in south korea. an assessment was made of the biological control potential of mud loaches, misgurnus mizolepis günther (cypriniformes: cobitidae), toward cx. p. molestus larvae in laboratory and septic tanks. results were compared with those of temephos 20% emulsifiable concentrate. in laboratory tests, all mud loaches survived on sedimentation chamber- and effluent chamber-collected water of aer ... | 2014 | 25118414 |
| susceptibility of field-collected mosquitoes in central new jersey to organophosphates and a pyrethroid. | chemical insecticides are the primary means to control mosquitoes, and mosquito control programs must regularly monitor for resistance of mosquito vectors to commonly used insecticides to ensure the efficacy and sustainability of active ingredients. we performed insecticide resistance bioassays to test the susceptibility of field-collected mosquitoes in central new jersey to 1 larvicide (temephos) and 2 adulticides (malathion and sumithrin). larval susceptibility of culex pipiens pipiens to teme ... | 2014 | 25102600 |
| a multiyear surveillance for aedes albopictus with biogents sentinel trap counts for males and species composition of other mosquito species. | the biogents sentinel (bgs) trap is a very effective tool to monitor adult populations of aedes albopictus. we utilized bgs traps during an intensive 5-year surveillance as part of an "area-wide management program for the asian tiger mosquito." during this period, >52,000 mosquitoes were collected, comprising a total of 24 species. the most abundant species was ae. albopictus (54.4%) followed by culex spp. (8.7%), which primarily comprised culex pipiens pipiens (6.5%) and cx. restuans (0.9%). we ... | 2014 | 25102596 |
| salivary gland proteome analysis reveals modulation of anopheline unique proteins in insensitive acetylcholinesterase resistant anopheles gambiae mosquitoes. | insensitive acetylcholinesterase resistance due to a mutation in the acetylcholinesterase (ace) encoding ace-1 gene confers cross-resistance to organophosphate and carbamate insecticides in anopheles gambiae populations from central and west africa. this mutation is associated with a strong genetic cost revealed through alterations of some life history traits but little is known about the physiological and behavioural changes in insects bearing the ace-1(r) allele. comparative analysis of the sa ... | 2014 | 25102176 |
| comparative host feeding patterns of the asian tiger mosquito, aedes albopictus, in urban and suburban northeastern usa and implications for disease transmission. | aedes albopictus is an invasive species which continues expanding its geographic range and involvement in mosquito-borne diseases such as chikungunya and dengue. host selection patterns by invasive mosquitoes are critically important because they increase endemic disease transmission and drive outbreaks of exotic pathogens. traditionally, ae. albopictus has been characterized as an opportunistic feeder, primarily feeding on mammalian hosts but occasionally acquiring blood from avian sources as w ... | 2014 | 25101969 |
| importance of wetlands management for west nile virus circulation risk, camargue, southern france. | to assess environmental and horse-level risk factors associated with west nile virus (wnv) circulation in camargue, southern france, a serosurvey was conducted on non-vaccinated horses (n = 1159 from 134 stables) in 2007 and 2008. fifteen landsat images were examined to quantify areas with open water and flooded vegetation around sampled horses. mean percentages of areas of open water and flooded vegetation, as well as variations in these percentages between 3 periods (november to february = not ... | 2014 | 25093652 |
| [japanese encephalitis in southern europe]. | in 2012, a fragment of the japanese encephalitis virus (jev) genome was isolated from a pool of culex pipiens mosquitoes caught in 2010 and 2011 in northern italy. jev has a broad geographical distribution in south and southeast asia and oceania, and is the most important cause of viral encephalitis in asia in humans and also causes encephalitis in horses and fertility problems in pigs. however, recently isolated jev genome fragments in mosquitoes in italy could be an indication of repeated intr ... | 2014 | 25090898 |
| abc transporters are involved in defense against permethrin insecticide in the malaria vector anopheles stephensi. | proteins from the abc family (atp-binding cassette) represent the largest known group of efflux pumps, responsible for transporting specific molecules across lipid membranes in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. in arthropods they have been shown to play a role in insecticide defense/resistance. the presence of abc transporters and their possible association with insecticide transport have not yet been investigated in the mosquito anopheles stephensi, the major vector of human malaria in ... | 2014 | 25073980 |
| insect prophenoloxidase: the view beyond immunity. | insect prophenoloxidase (ppo) is an important innate immunity protein due to its involvement in cellular and humoral defense. it belongs to a group of type-3 copper-containing proteins that occurs in almost all organisms. insect ppo has been studied for over a century, and the ppo activation cascade is becoming clearer. the insect ppo activation pathway incorporates several important proteins, including pattern-recognition receptors (pgrp, β grp, and c-type lectins), serine proteases, and serine ... | 2014 | 25071597 |
| genome evolution in trypanosomatid parasites. | a decade of genome sequencing has transformed our understanding of how trypanosomatid parasites have evolved and provided fresh impetus to explaining the origins of parasitism in the kinetoplastida. in this review, i will consider the many ways in which genome sequences have influenced our view of genomic reduction in trypanosomatids; how species-specific genes, and the genomic domains they occupy, have illuminated the innovations in trypanosomatid genomes; and how comparative genomics has expos ... | 2014 | 25068268 |
| human infection with west nile virus, xinjiang, china, 2011. | 0 | 25062043 | |
| phylogenetic analysis of west nile virus genome, iran. | 0 | 25061976 | |
| [investigation on mosquitoes and mosquito-borne viruses in dehong prefecture, yunnan province, 2007 and 2010]. | to investigate the distribution patterns of mosquito and mosquito-borne viruses in dehong prefecture, yunnan province, china. | 2014 | 25059361 |
| serological, molecular and entomological surveillance demonstrates widespread circulation of west nile virus in turkey. | west nile virus (wnv), a mosquito-borne flavivirus with significant impact on human and animal health, has recently demonstrated an expanded zone of activity globally. the aim of this study is to investigate the frequency and distribution of wnv infections in potential vectors and several mammal and avian species in turkey, where previous data indicate viral circulation. the study was conducted in 15 provinces across turkey during 2011-2013. in addition, the entomological study was extended to 4 ... | 2014 | 25058465 |
| comparison of genotypes i and iii in japanese encephalitis virus reveals distinct differences in their genetic and host diversity. | japanese encephalitis (je) is an arthropod-borne disease associated with the majority of viral encephalitis cases in the asia-pacific region. the causative agent, japanese encephalitis virus (jev), has been phylogenetically divided into five genotypes. recent surveillance data indicate that genotype i (gi) is gradually replacing genotype iii (giii) as the dominant genotype. to investigate the mechanism behind the genotype shift and the potential consequences in terms of vaccine efficacy, human c ... | 2014 | 25056890 |
| population structure and distribution patterns of the sibling mosquito species culex pipiens and culex torrentium (diptera: culicidae) reveal different evolutionary paths. | nowadays a number of endemic mosquito species are known to possess vector abilities for various diseases, as e.g. the sibling species culex pipiens and culex torrentium. due to their morphological similarity, ecology, distribution and vector abilities, knowledge about these species' population structure is essential. culicidae from 25 different sampling sites were collected from march till october 2012. all analyses were performed with aligned cox1 sequences with a total length of 658 bp. popula ... | 2014 | 25048456 |
| affinity maturation of cry1aa toxin to the bombyx mori cadherin-like receptor by directed evolution based on phage display and biopanning selections of domain ii loop 2 mutant toxins. | directed evolution of a cry1aa toxin using phage display and biopanning was performed to generate an increased binding affinity to the bombyx mori cadherin-like receptor (btr175). three mutant toxins (371 wgla374 , 371 wphh374 , 371 wrpq374 25) with 16-, 16-, and 50-fold higher binding affinities, respectively, for btr175 were selected from a phage library containing toxins with mutations in domain ii loop 2. however, the observed toxicities of the three mutants against b. mori larvae and cultur ... | 2014 | 25044375 |
| development of multifunctional metabolic synergists to suppress the evolution of resistance against pyrethroids in insects that blood feed on humans. | pyrethroids are the insecticides of choice when exposure to humans is likely, such as occurs in vector and public-health-related control programs. unfortunately, the pyrethroids share a common resistance mechanism with dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (ddt), knockdown resistance (kdr), and prior extensive use of ddt has predisposed the pyrethroids to cross-resistance via kdr. given the widespread occurrence of kdr, the use of synergists with pyrethroids is considered to be prudent to guard agains ... | 2015 | 25044360 |
| wolbachia strain walbb confers both fitness costs and benefit on anopheles stephensi. | wolbachia is a maternally transmitted intracellular bacterium that is estimated to infect up to 65% of insect species, but it is not naturally present in anopheles malaria vectors. wolbachia-based strategies for malaria vector control can be developed either through population replacement to reduce vectorial capacity or through population suppression to reduce the mosquito population. we have previously generated an. stephensi mosquitoes carrying a stable walbb wolbachia infection and have demon ... | 2014 | 25041943 |
| climatic effects on mosquito abundance in mediterranean wetlands. | the impact of climate change on vector-borne diseases is highly controversial. one of the principal points of debate is whether or not climate influences mosquito abundance, a key factor in disease transmission. | 2014 | 25030527 |
| fumigant activity of eleven essential oil compounds and their selected binary mixtures against culex pipiens pallens (diptera: culicidae). | to seek natural products for the development of environment friendly mosquito control agents, fumigant activity of eleven essential oil compounds and the joint action of the active compounds were evaluated against culex pipiens pallens adults. fumigant bioassay demonstrated that carvacrol exhibited the highest fumigant activity followed by thymol and l-perillaldehyde, with lc50 values of 0.26, 0.28, and 0.34 mg/l air, respectively. among the binary mixtures of four compounds with preferable perf ... | 2014 | 25015050 |
| a review of the vector management methods to prevent and control outbreaks of west nile virus infection and the challenge for europe. | west nile virus infection is a growing concern in europe. vector management is often the primary option to prevent and control outbreaks of the disease. its implementation is, however, complex and needs to be supported by integrated multidisciplinary surveillance systems and to be organized within the framework of predefined response plans. the impact of the vector control measures depends on multiple factors and the identification of the best combination of vector control methods is therefore n ... | 2014 | 25015004 |
| insecticide resistance status of united states populations of aedes albopictus and mechanisms involved. | aedes albopictus (skuse) is an invasive mosquito that has become an important vector of chikungunya and dengue viruses. immature ae. albopictus thrive in backyard household containers that require treatment with larvicides and when adult populations reach pest levels or disease transmission is ongoing, adulticiding is often required. to assess the feasibility of control of usa populations, we tested the susceptibility of ae. albopictus to chemicals representing the main insecticide classes with ... | 2014 | 25013910 |
| wolbachia enhances west nile virus (wnv) infection in the mosquito culex tarsalis. | novel strategies are required to control mosquitoes and the pathogens they transmit. one attractive approach involves maternally inherited endosymbiotic wolbachia bacteria. after artificial infection with wolbachia, many mosquitoes become refractory to infection and transmission of diverse pathogens. we evaluated the effects of wolbachia (walbb strain) on infection, dissemination and transmission of west nile virus (wnv) in the naturally uninfected mosquito culex tarsalis, which is an important ... | 2014 | 25010200 |
| survey of the mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) of mayotte. | a transversal survey of immature mosquitoes was conducted on mayotte island (france) in the comoros archipelago, western indian ocean, with the aim to inventory the culicidae and to document inter-species relationships in different habitats. in total 420 habitats were sampled for larvae and/or pupae mosquitoes, resulting in more than 6,000 specimens. forty species belonging to 15 genera were collected, with eight taxa integrated for the first time to the mayotte mosquito list. the most frequentl ... | 2014 | 25004163 |
| unexpected patterns of admixture in german populations of aedes japonicus japonicus (diptera: culicidae) underscore the importance of human intervention. | the mosquito aedes japonicus japonicus, originally restricted to temperate east asia, is now widespread in north america and more recently has become established in europe. to ascertain the putative number of separate introductions to europe and examine patterns of expansion we analyzed the genetic makeup of ae. j. japonicus populations from five cemeteries in north rhine-westphalia and rhineland-palatinate, two western german federal states, as well as of specimens from populations in belgium, ... | 2014 | 24992470 |
| heterochromatin-associated interactions of drosophila hp1a with dadd1, hipp1, and repetitive rnas. | heterochromatin protein 1 (hp1a) has conserved roles in gene silencing and heterochromatin and is also implicated in transcription, dna replication, and repair. here we identify chromatin-associated protein and rna interactions of hp1a by biotap-xl mass spectrometry and sequencing from drosophila s2 cells, embryos, larvae, and adults. our results reveal an extensive list of known and novel hp1a-interacting proteins, of which we selected three for validation. a strong novel interactor, dadd1 (dro ... | 0 | 24990964 |
| insecticide resistance in disease vectors from mayotte: an opportunity for integrated vector management. | mayotte, a small island in the indian ocean, has been affected for many years by vector-borne diseases. malaria, bancroftian filariasis, dengue, chikungunya and rift valley fever have circulated or still circulate on the island. they are all transmitted by culicidae mosquitoes. to limit the impact of these diseases on human health, vector control has been implemented for more than 60 years on mayotte. in this study, we assessed the resistance levels of four major vector species (anopheles gambia ... | 2014 | 24984704 |
| malaria-induced changes in host odors enhance mosquito attraction. | vector-borne pathogens may alter traits of their primary hosts in ways that influence the frequency and nature of interactions between hosts and vectors. previous work has reported enhanced mosquito attraction to host organisms infected with malaria parasites but did not address the mechanisms underlying such effects. here we document malaria-induced changes in the odor profiles of infected mice (relative to healthy individuals) over the course of infection, as well as effects on the attractiven ... | 2014 | 24982164 |
| complete sporogony of plasmodium relictum (lineages psgs1 and pgrw11) in mosquito culex pipiens pipiens form molestus, with implications to avian malaria epidemiology. | plasmodium parasites (plasmodiidae) cause malaria in many species of terrestrial vertebrates and are transmitted mainly by mosquitoes (culicidae). avian malaria is often caused by plasmodium relictum , a cosmopolitan hemosporidian infection. numerous genetic lineages of p. relictum have been described. however, it remains unclear if these lineages can be transmitted by culex pipiens pipiens form molestus, which is widespread but has been insufficiently investigated as a possible vector of avian ... | 2014 | 24979183 |
| identification of morphological and chemical markers of dry- and wet-season conditions in female anopheles gambiae mosquitoes. | increased understanding of the dry-season survival mechanisms of anopheles gambiae in semi-arid regions could benefit vector control efforts by identifying weak links in the transmission cycle of malaria. in this study, we examined the effect of photoperiod and relative humidity on morphologic and chemical traits known to control water loss in mosquitoes. | 2014 | 24970701 |
| modeling the distribution of the west nile and rift valley fever vector culex pipiens in arid and semi-arid regions of the middle east and north africa. | the middle east north africa (mena) region is under continuous threat of the re-emergence of west nile virus (wnv) and rift valley fever virus (rvf), two pathogens transmitted by the vector species culex pipiens. predicting areas at high risk for disease transmission requires an accurate model of vector distribution, however, most cx. pipiens distribution modeling has been confined to temperate, forested habitats. modeling species distributions across a heterogeneous landscape structure requires ... | 2014 | 24962735 |
| repellent effect of lagenaria siceraria extracts against culex pipiens. | ethanolic, acetone and petroleum ether extracts from leaves and stems of lagenaria siceraria (cucurbitaceae) were screened for their repellency effect against culex pipiens l. mosquito. the repellent action of the present plant extracts were varied depending on the plant parts and the dose of extract. the petroleum ether extract of leaves showed the same repellency percent (100%) of commercial formulation, n. n.diethyl toulamide (deet) at the higher dose (3.33 mg/cm2), while petroleum ether extr ... | 2014 | 24961030 |
| isolation of stem cells from the mid gut epithelium of culex pipiens mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae). | stem cells are undifferentiated cells that remarkable ability to self-renew and produce differentiated cells that support normal development and tissue homeostasis. the authors isolated spherical stem cells from the midgut epithelium of the late third larval instars of culex pipiens mosquitoes. in vitro, cultivated epithelial stem cells were able to proliferate and differentiate in fresh culture for 48 hr in absence of 20- hydroxyecdysone (20-e). the stem cells were the most common cells in the ... | 2014 | 24961007 |
| transcriptomics of differential vector competence: west nile virus infection in two populations of culex pipiens quinquefasciatus linked to ovary development. | understanding mechanisms that contribute to viral dissemination in mosquito vectors will contribute to our ability to interfere with the transmission of viral pathogens that impact public health. the expression of genes in two culex pipiens quinquefasciatus populations from florida with known differences in vector competence to west nile virus (wnv) were compared using high throughput sequencing. | 2014 | 24952767 |
| a global assembly of adult female mosquito mark-release-recapture data to inform the control of mosquito-borne pathogens. | pathogen transmission by mosquitos is known to be highly sensitive to mosquito bionomic parameters. mosquito mark-release-recapture (mmrr) experiments are a standard method for estimating such parameters including dispersal, population size and density, survival, blood feeding frequency and blood meal host preferences. | 2014 | 24946878 |
| genetic basis of pyrethroid resistance in a population of anopheles arabiensis, the primary malaria vector in lower moshi, north-eastern tanzania. | pyrethroid resistance has been slower to emerge in anopheles arabiensis than in an. gambiae s.s and an. funestus and, consequently, studies are only just beginning to unravel the genes involved. permethrin resistance in an. arabiensis in lower moshi, tanzania has been linked to elevated levels of both p450 monooxygenases and β-esterases. we have conducted a gene expression study to identify specific genes linked with metabolic resistance in the lower moshi an. arabiensis population. | 2014 | 24946780 |
| identification and characterization of seminal fluid proteins in the asian tiger mosquito, aedes albopictus. | the asian tiger mosquito (aedes albopictus) is an important vector for pathogens that affect human health, including the viruses that cause dengue and chikungunya fevers. it is also one of the world's fastest-spreading invasive species. for these reasons, it is crucial to identify strategies for controlling the reproduction and spread of this mosquito. during mating, seminal fluid proteins (sfps) are transferred from male mosquitoes to females, and these sfps modulate female behavior and physiol ... | 2014 | 24945155 |
| mosquito and drosophila entomobirnaviruses suppress dsrna- and sirna-induced rnai. | rna interference (rnai) is a crucial antiviral defense mechanism in insects, including the major mosquito species that transmit important human viruses. to counteract the potent antiviral rnai pathway, insect viruses encode rnai suppressors. however, whether mosquito-specific viruses suppress rnai remains unclear. we therefore set out to study rnai suppression by culex y virus (cyv), a mosquito-specific virus of the birnaviridae family that was recently isolated from culex pipiens mosquitoes. we ... | 2014 | 24939903 |
| ecophysiology of anopheles gambiae s.l.: persistence in the sahel. | the dry-season biology of malaria vectors is poorly understood, especially in arid environments when no surface waters are available for several months, such as during the dry season in the sahel. here we reappraise results on the dry-season physiology of members of the anopheles gambiae s.l. complex in the broad context of dormancy in insects and especially in mosquitoes. we examine evidence on seasonal changes in reproduction, metabolism, stress tolerance, nutrition, molecular regulation, and ... | 2014 | 24933461 |
| dirofilaria repens railliet et henry, 1911--a new parasite acclimatized in poland. | dirofilariosis caused by the dirofilaria repens nematodes is widely dispersed in southern europe, asia and africa among dogs, cats, other carnivores and occasionally, humans. the first case of d. repens infection, found in poland in 2007, concerned humans. in 2009, dirofilariosis was first registered in dogs in 3 focuses in central poland, warsaw, pruszków and zyrardów, whose range grew considerably with the subsequent identification of d. repens microfilariae in 119 dogs in warsaw and 18 distri ... | 2014 | 24930244 |
| early warning of west nile virus mosquito vector: climate and land use models successfully explain phenology and abundance of culex pipiens mosquitoes in north-western italy. | west nile virus (wnv) is an emerging global health threat. transmission risk is strongly related to the abundance of mosquito vectors, typically culex pipiens in europe. early-warning predictors of mosquito population dynamics would therefore help guide entomological surveillance and thereby facilitate early warnings of transmission risk. | 2014 | 24924622 |
| field evaluation of four widely used mosquito traps in central europe. | to monitor adult mosquitoes several trapping devices are available. these are differently constructed and use various mechanisms for mosquito attraction, thus resulting in different trapping sensitivities and efficacies for the various species. mosquito monitoring and surveillance programs in europe use various types of mosquito traps, but only a few comparisons have been conducted so far. this study compared the performance of four commercial trapping devices, which are commonly used in europe. | 2014 | 24924481 |
| explaining the host-finding behavior of blood-sucking insects: computerized simulation of the effects of habitat geometry on tsetse fly movement. | male and female tsetse flies feed exclusively on vertebrate blood. while doing so they can transmit the diseases of sleeping sickness in humans and nagana in domestic stock. knowledge of the host-orientated behavior of tsetse is important in designing bait methods of sampling and controlling the flies, and in understanding the epidemiology of the diseases. for this we must explain several puzzling distinctions in the behavior of the different sexes and species of tsetse. for example, why is it t ... | 2014 | 24921243 |
| regulation of cell survival and death during flavivirus infections. | flaviviruses, ss(+) rna viruses, include many of mankind's most important pathogens. their pathogenicity derives from their ability to infect many types of cells including neurons, to replicate, and eventually to kill the cells. flaviviruses can activate tumor necrosis factor α and both intrinsic (bax-mediated) and extrinsic pathways to apoptosis. thus they can use many approaches for activating these pathways. infection can lead to necrosis if viral load is extremely high or to other types of c ... | 0 | 24921001 |
| viral metagenomics on animals as a tool for the detection of zoonoses prior to human infection? | many human viral infections have a zoonotic, i.e., wild or domestic animal, origin. several zoonotic viruses are transmitted to humans directly via contact with an animal or indirectly via exposure to the urine or feces of infected animals or the bite of a bloodsucking arthropod. if a virus is able to adapt and replicate in its new human host, human-to-human transmissions may occur, possibly resulting in an epidemic, such as the a/h1n1 flu pandemic in 2009. thus, predicting emerging zoonotic inf ... | 2014 | 24918293 |
| a spatial and temporal analysis of japanese encephalitis in mainland china, 1963-1975: a period without japanese encephalitis vaccination. | more than a million japanese encephalitis (je) cases occurred in mainland china from the 1960s to 1970s without vaccine interventions. the aim of this study is to analyze the spatial and temporal pattern of je cases reported in mainland china from 1965 to 1973 in the absence of je vaccination, and to discuss the impacts of climatic and geographical factors on je during that period. thus, the data of reported je cases at provincial level and monthly precipitation and monthly mean temperature from ... | 2014 | 24911168 |
| transposable elements in cancer as a by-product of stress-induced evolvability. | transposable elements (tes) are ubiquitous in eukaryotic genomes. barbara mcclintock's famous notion of tes acting as controlling elements modifying the genetic response of an organism upon exposure to stressful environments has since been solidly supported in a series of model organisms. this requires the te activity response to possess an element of specificity and be targeted toward certain parts of the genome. we propose that a similar te response is present in human cells, and that this str ... | 2014 | 24910642 |
| intrinsic and extrinsic drivers of succession: effects of habitat age and season on an aquatic insect community. | 1. classical studies of succession, largely dominated by plant community studies, focus on intrinsic drivers of change in community composition, such as interspecific competition and changes to the abiotic environment. they often do not consider extrinsic drivers of colonization, such as seasonal phenology, that can affect community change. 2. we investigated both intrinsic and extrinsic drivers of succession for dipteran communities that occupy ephemeral pools, such as those in artificial conta ... | 0 | 24910493 |
| mosquitoes used to draw blood for arbovirus viremia determinations in small vertebrates. | serial samples from the same individuals may be required for certain virological studies, however, some small animals cannot easily be blood-sampled. therefore, we evaluated the use of culex quinquefasciatus say and aedes albopictus skuse mosquitoes as "biological syringes" to draw blood for virus titer determinations in small vertebrates. groups of chicks (gallus gallus), hamsters (mesocricetus auratus), and house sparrows (passer domesticus) were experimentally infected with west nile virus (w ... | 2014 | 24901448 |
| palaeosymbiosis revealed by genomic fossils of wolbachia in a strongyloidean nematode. | wolbachia are common endosymbionts of terrestrial arthropods, and are also found in nematodes: the animal-parasitic filaria, and the plant-parasite radopholus similis. lateral transfer of wolbachia dna to the host genome is common. we generated a draft genome sequence for the strongyloidean nematode parasite dictyocaulus viviparus, the cattle lungworm. in the assembly, we identified nearly 1 mb of sequence with similarity to wolbachia. the fragments were unlikely to derive from a live wolbachia ... | 2014 | 24901418 |
| vector competence of culex pipiens quinquefasciatus (diptera: culicidae) for west nile virus isolates from florida. | to assess vector competence (infection, dissemination and transmission) of culex pipiens quinquefasciatus for florida (fl) west nile virus (wnv) isolates. | 2014 | 24898274 |
| molecular identification of bloodmeals from sand flies and mosquitoes collected in israel. | in israel, sand flies are the vectors of leishmania ross and mosquitoes are the vectors of west nile virus. in the judean desert and tiberias, the sand fly phlebotomus sergenti parrot is the vector of leishmania tropica (wright) and the rock hyrax (procavia capensis pallas) is considered the main reservoir animal. the main vectors of west nile virus are culex pipiens l. and culex perexiguus theobald. bloodmeals of engorged field-caught female sand flies and mosquitoes are an important source for ... | 2014 | 24897862 |
| distribution and evolutionary impact of wolbachia on butterfly hosts. | wolbachia are maternally inherited endosymbiotic alpha-proteobacteria found in terrestrial arthropods and filarial nematodes. they are transmitted vertically through host cytoplasm and alter host biology by inducing various reproductive alterations, like feminization, parthenogenesis, male killing (mk) and cytoplasmic incompatibility. in butterflies, some effects especially mk and sperm-egg incompatibility are well established. all these effects skew the sex ratio towards female and subsequently ... | 2014 | 24891730 |
| wolbachia detection in insects through lamp: loop mediated isothermal amplification. | the bacterium wolbachia is a promising agent for the biological control of vector-borne diseases as some strains have the ability to block the transmission of key human disease-causing pathogens. fast, accurate and inexpensive methods of differentiating between infected and uninfected insects will be of critical importance as field-based trials of wolbachia-based bio-control become increasingly common. | 2014 | 24885509 |
| seasonal genetic partitioning in the neotropical malaria vector, anopheles darlingi. | anopheles darlingi is the main malaria mosquito vector in the amazonia region. in spite of being considered a riverine, forest-dwelling species, this mosquito is becoming more abundant in peri-urban areas, increasing malaria risk. this has been associated with human-driven environmental changes such as deforestation. | 2014 | 24885508 |
| mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) of metropolitan hamburg, germany. | in europe, mosquito-related public health concerns are growing due to the increasing spread of invasive mosquito species and the recent emergence of mosquito-borne arboviruses. a vital backbone in the assessment of these issues is detailed knowledge of the mosquito fauna, i.e. regional mosquito inventories. it was therefore decided to intensify nationwide investigations on the occurrence and distribution of mosquitoes in germany in order to update old records and to detect possible faunal change ... | 2014 | 24870250 |
| the reference transcriptome of the adult female biting midge (culicoides sonorensis) and differential gene expression profiling during teneral, blood, and sucrose feeding conditions. | unlike other important vectors such as mosquitoes and sandflies, genetic and genomic tools for culicoides biting midges are lacking, despite the fact that they vector a large number of arboviruses and other pathogens impacting humans and domestic animals world-wide. in north america, female culicoides sonorensis midges are important vectors of bluetongue virus (btv) and epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (ehdv), orbiviruses that cause significant disease in livestock and wildlife. libraries of ... | 2014 | 24866149 |
| risk assessment of flavivirus transmission in namibia. | the role of arboviruses causing acute febrile illness in sub-saharan africa is receiving more attention. reports of dengue in tourists were published nearly 10 years ago in namibia, but the current epidemiology of arboviruses is unknown and surveys of mosquito vectors have not been carried out since the 1950s. to begin addressing this knowledge gap, a prospective cross-sectional study was conducted using samples from volunteer blood donors linked to questionnaire. serum samples were tested using ... | 2014 | 24865792 |
| the effects of forced-egg retention on the blood-feeding behavior and reproductive potential of culex pipiens (diptera: culicidae). | high rates of west nile virus (wnv) transmission to humans are associated with exceptionally hot and dry summers. this is paradoxical since the eggs of culex vectors of wnv depend on the persistence of containers with water, which decline during droughts. we examined the effects of forced-egg retention on the reproductive success of female culex pipiens as well as behavioral responses, such as likelihood of secondary blood meals. as controls we examined the effects of female age and delayed mati ... | 2014 | 24862157 |
| synthesis and bioactivity of 5-substituted-2-furoyl diacylhydazide derivatives with aliphatic chain. | a series of 5-substituted-2-furoyl diacylhydazide derivatives with aliphatic chain were designed and synthesized. their structures were characterized by ir, 1h nmr, elemental analysis, and x-ray single crystal diffraction. the anti-tumor bioassay revealed that some title compounds exhibited promising activity against the selected cancer cell lines, especially against the human promyelocytic leukemic cells (hl-60). their fungicidal tests indicated that most of the title compounds showed significa ... | 2014 | 24853128 |
| insecticide exposure impacts vector-parasite interactions in insecticide-resistant malaria vectors. | currently, there is a strong trend towards increasing insecticide-based vector control coverage in malaria endemic countries. the ecological consequence of insecticide applications has been mainly studied regarding the selection of resistance mechanisms; however, little is known about their impact on vector competence in mosquitoes responsible for malaria transmission. as they have limited toxicity to mosquitoes owing to the selection of resistance mechanisms, insecticides may also interact with ... | 0 | 24850924 |
| prevalence of dirofilaria immitis (spirurida: onchocercidae) infection in aedes, culex, and culiseta mosquitoes from north san joaquin valley, ca. | canine heartworm is one of the most serious infections primarily affecting domestic dogs but will also infect cats and wild canids. to evaluate the potential of mosquitoes as vectors of dog heartworm, dirofilaria immitis (leidy) in san joaquin county, ca, we collected mosquitoes in 2011 and analyzed for infection with heartworm by using polymerase chain reaction. of 3,000 mosquito pools (total number of specimens = 36,554), d. immitis dna was detected in 97 pools of seven species, and the overal ... | 2013 | 24843938 |
| host-selection patterns of culex tarsalis (diptera: culicidae) determine the spatial heterogeneity of west nile virus enzootic activity in northern california. | the spatial heterogeneity of west nile virus (wnv) activity in sutter county, ca, as measured by mosquito infection rates, was associated with spatial variation in the prevalence of culex blood feeding on competent passeriform hosts. overall, 42 vertebrate host species (31 avian, 11 mammal) were identified from 601 blood-fed culex tarsalis coquillett and 151 blood-fed culex pipiens l. complex females using sequences of the cytochrome c oxidase i gene and the barcode of life data systems database ... | 2013 | 24843936 |
| genetic profiling of the isoprenoid and sterol biosynthesis pathway genes of trypanosoma cruzi. | in trypanosoma cruzi the isoprenoid and sterol biosynthesis pathways are validated targets for chemotherapeutic intervention. in this work we present a study of the genetic diversity observed in genes from these pathways. using a number of bioinformatic strategies, we first identified genes that were missing and/or were truncated in the t. cruzi genome. based on this analysis we obtained the complete sequence of the ortholog of the yeast erg26 gene and identified a non-orthologous homolog of the ... | 2014 | 24828104 |
| [state resistance of the mosquito culex pipiens towards temephos central morocco]. | in morocco, culex pipiens plays a role in the high annoyance experienced by most urban cities, suburban and rural areas, especially since it was strongly suspected as the most likely vector in the transmission of west nile virus epidemics that have hit morocco in 1996. chemical insecticides are generally the way in which they use the programs against harmful mosquitoes and disease vectors. however, the repeated and excessive use of these products regularly led to the emergence of the phenomenon ... | 2014 | 24827876 |
| [cloning and expression of transferrin protein from culex pipiens pallens and a study of its antimicrobial activity]. | to clone and express transferrin (tsf) from culex pipiens pallens in pichia pastoris, and detect its antibacterial activity. | 2014 | 24822363 |
| heritable strategies for controlling insect vectors of disease. | mosquito-borne diseases are causing a substantial burden of mortality, morbidity and economic loss in many parts of the world, despite current control efforts, and new complementary approaches to controlling these diseases are needed. one promising class of new interventions under development involves the heritable modification of the mosquito by insertion of novel genes into the nucleus or of wolbachia endosymbionts into the cytoplasm. once released into a target population, these modifications ... | 2014 | 24821918 |
| discrimination of the plasmodium mexicanum vectors lutzomyia stewarti and lutzomyia vexator by a pcr-rflp assay and wolbachia infection. | 0 | 24820578 | |
| culex pipiens-quinquefasciatus hybrids identified in west texas. | 2014 | 24820577 | |
| the use of morphometric wing characters to discriminate female culex pipiens and culex torrentium. | the reliability of the length of wing radial vein r(2/3) as a character for the morphological discrimination of the two potential arbovirus vectors culex pipiens s.s. and cx. torrentium from germany was reassessed, after this character had been neglected for more than 40 years. additionally, multivariate morphometric analyses were applied to evaluate wing shape variation between both species. although high-throughput molecular tools are now available to differentiate the two species, a simple, l ... | 2014 | 24820574 |
| survival of west nile virus-challenged southern house mosquitoes, culex pipiens quinquefasciatus, in relation to environmental temperatures. | we investigated the effect of west nile virus (wnv) infection on survival in two colonies of culex pipiens quinquefasciatus say (diptera: culicidae) originating from vero beach and gainesville, fl. mosquitoes were fed west nile virus-infected blood and checked daily for survival. exposure to wnv decreased survival among cx. p. quinquefasciatus from gainesville relative to unexposed individuals at 31° c. in contrast, exposure to wnv enhanced survival among cx. p. quinquefasciatus from vero beach ... | 0 | 24820564 |
| infection and dissemination of west nile virus in china by the potential vector, culex pipiens pallens. | the distribution of the west nile virus (wnv) in the organs and tissues of the mosquito culex pipiens pallens, a potential vector of wnv in china, was investigated up to 14 days after oral infection. the wnv antigen was detected in paraffin-embedded mosquitoes using immunocytochemistry and viral titers of post-infected mosquitoes determined by plaque assay. viral titers sharply decreased 24 h post-infection, were undetectable for the first few days, then rose over the course of infection. the fi ... | 2014 | 24820559 |
| a case of horizontal gene transfer from wolbachia to aedes albopictus c6/36 cell line. | horizontal gene transfer plays an essential role in evolution and ecological adaptation, yet this phenomenon has remained controversial, particularly where it occurs between prokaryotes and eukaryotes. there are a handful of reported examples of horizontal gene transfer occurring between prokaryotes and eukaryotes in the literature, with most of these documented cases pertaining to invertebrates and endosymbionts. however, the vast majority of these horizontally transferred genes were either eve ... | 2014 | 24812591 |
| molecular epidemiology of japanese encephalitis virus in mosquitoes during an outbreak in china, 2013. | japanese encephalitis virus (jev) can cause serious encephalitis and culex mosquitoes are the primary vector. in 2013, a je outbreak occurred in shandong province, china with 407 confirmed cases, including 11 deaths. an investigation on jev in mosquitoes during the outbreak was conducted. a total of 14,719 mosquitoes were collected at 3 sites. for the 12,695 culex tritaeniorhynchus mosquitoes, 88/201 pooled samples were positive by rt-pcr for the presence of the pre-membrane or envelope protein ... | 2014 | 24809635 |
| review of parasitic zoonoses in egypt. | this review presents a comprehensive picture of the zoonotic parasitic diseases in egypt, with particular reference to their relative prevalence among humans, animal reservoirs of infection, and sources of human infection. a review of the available literature indicates that many parasitic zoonoses are endemic in egypt. intestinal infections of parasitic zoonoses are widespread and are the leading cause of diarrhea, particularly among children and residents of rural areas. some parasitic zoonoses ... | 2014 | 24808742 |
| geometric morphometrics of nine field isolates of aedes aegypti with different resistance levels to lambda-cyhalothrin and relative fitness of one artificially selected for resistance. | aedes aegypti, a mosquito closely associated with humans, is the principal vector of dengue virus which currently infects about 400 million people worldwide. because there is no way to prevent infection, public health policies focus on vector control; but insecticide-resistance threatens them. however, most insecticide-resistant mosquito populations exhibit fitness costs in absence of insecticides, although these costs vary. research on components of fitness that vary with insecticide-resistance ... | 2014 | 24801598 |
| [experimental observation of toxic effect of bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis against aedes, culex and anopheles larvae]. | to evaluate the toxic effect of bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (bti) wettable powder against aedes, culex and anopheles larvae. | 2014 | 24800571 |