Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| effects of streblus asper lour foliage on digestibility, rumen fermentation, and nitrogen balance of growing goats. | eighteen crossbred (thai native x anglo-nubian) goats were chosen from a suranaree university of technology's farm on the basis of similar bodyweight (15.5 ± 3.5 kg). the goats were randomly allocated to three treatments in randomized complete block design. each goat was given urea-treated rice straw as roughage plus the respective treatment diets. the diets were iso-nitrogenous and iso-energetic containing cassava pulp, molasses, urea, and commercial mineral and vitamin mix. the experimental tr ... | 2010 | 21088895 |
| growth performance, carcass characteristics and meat sensory evaluation of west african dwarf sheep fed varying levels of maize and cassava hay. | a study was conducted to determine the growth performance and meat yield and quality of west african dwarf sheep. twenty rams weighing an average of 15.3 ± 0.79 kg live weight and with an average age of 18 months were allotted at random to five dietary treatments of 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% maize hay (mh) for a period of 105 days. dry matter (dm) intake and growth rate of the rams were improved as the level of cassava hay (ch) increased in the diets. live weight gain varied significantly (p < ... | 2010 | 21082248 |
| resistance to the whitefly, aleurotrachelus socialis, in wild populations of cassava, manihot tristis. | the levels of resistance in the wild species of cassava, manihot tristis muell-arg. (malpighiales: euphorbiaceae), to the whitefly, aleurotrachelus socialis bondar (hemiptera: alelyrodidae), the most important economic pest in cassava, manihot esculenta crantz (malpighiales: euphorbiaceae) crops in south america, were estimated under glasshouse conditions. the parameters of the life history of a. socialis were studied on tst-26 and tst-18 accessions of the wild parent and compared with the susce ... | 2010 | 21062208 |
| evaluation of bioenergy recovery processes treating organic residues from ethanol fermentation process. | this study evaluates a two-stage bioprocess for recovering bioenergy in the forms of hydrogen and methane while treating organic residues of ethanol fermentation from tapioca starch. a maximum hydrogen production rate of 0.77 mmol h(2)/g vss/h can be achieved at volumetric loading rate (vlr) of 56 kg cod/m(3)/day. batch results indicate that controlling conditions at s(0)/x(0)=12 with x(0)=4000 mg vss/l and ph 5.5-6 are important for efficient hydrogen production from fermentation residues. hydr ... | 2011 | 21055919 |
| quantification of organic and nitrogen removal in downflow hanging sponge (dhs) systems as a post-treatment of uasb effluent. | the aim of this research was to investigate the nature and composition of organic substrate in two down-flow hanging sponge (dhs) systems using mixed fungal (fdhs) and bacterial (bdhs) cultures treatment for uasb effluent of tapioca starch wastewater, evaluated by cod fractionations and two material balances. the random type dhs reactors were operated as modular columns consisting of four identical segments connected vertically. results of the wastewater characterization showed that carbonaceous ... | 2010 | 21045340 |
| biosynthesis of the cyanogenic glucosides linamarin and lotaustralin in cassava: isolation, biochemical characterization, and expression pattern of cyp71e7, the oxime-metabolizing cytochrome p450 enzyme. | cassava (manihot esculenta) is a eudicotyledonous plant that produces the valine- and isoleucine-derived cyanogenic glucosides linamarin and lotaustralin with the corresponding oximes and cyanohydrins as key intermediates. cyp79 enzymes catalyzing amino acid-to-oxime conversion in cyanogenic glucoside biosynthesis are known from several plants including cassava. the enzyme system converting oxime into cyanohydrin has previously only been identified in the monocotyledonous plant great millet (sor ... | 2010 | 21045121 |
| investigations on the nutritive value of tapioca (manihot utilissima). | 1945 | 21017317 | |
| tapioca starch graft copolymers and dome matrix® modules ii. effect of modules assemblage on riboflavin release kinetics. | this paper studies the riboflavin release from systems made of assembled modules of dome matrix® technology using tapioca starch-ethylmethacrylate (tsema) and tapioca hydroxypropylstarch-ethylmethacrylate (thsema) graft copolymers produced by two different drying methods. two different shape modules were manufactured for this study, i.e., female and male modules, in order to facilitate their assemblage in "void configuration", a system with an internal void space. drug release studies on void co ... | 2011 | 20974252 |
| co-culturing of lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei with a lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii mutant to make high cell density for increased lactate productivity from cassava bagasse hydrolysate. | to increase the productivity of lactic acid, a co-culture of lactobacilli was made by mixing 1:1 ratio of lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei and a fast growing l. delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii mutant. the culture was embedded on to polyurethane foam (puf) cubes as a biofilm and used for fermentation. in order to prevent the cell leakage, the puf cubes were further entrapped in calcium cross-linked alginate. the maximum lactic acid production using a high cell density free culture was >38 ... | 2010 | 20972788 |
| an ordered est catalogue and gene expression profiles of cassava (manihot esculenta) at key growth stages. | a cdna library was constructed from the root tissues of cassava variety huanan 124 at the root bulking stage. a total of 9,600 cdna clones from the library were sequenced with single-pass from the 5'-terminus to establish a catalogue of expressed sequence tags (ests). assembly of the resulting est sequences resulted in 2,878 putative unigenes. blastn analysis showed that 62.6% of the unigenes matched with known cassava ests and the rest had no 'hits' against the cassava database in the integrati ... | 2010 | 20957510 |
| cassava: an appraisal of its phytochemistry and its biotechnological prospects. | the present state of knowledge of the phytochemistry of small molecules isolated from the roots and leaves of cassava, manihot esculenta crantz (euphorbiaceae), is reviewed. cassava roots are an important source of dietary and industrial carbohydrates, mainly eaten as a source of starch, forming the staple food to over 500 million; additionally, the roots have value as a raw material for industrial starch production and for animal feed giving the crop high economic value, but it suffers markedly ... | 2010 | 20943239 |
| urine--a valuable fertilizer with low risk after storage in the tropics. | urine contains a considerable amount of nutrients and potentially could be used as supplement commercial mineral fertilizer; however, it carries risk of contamination. the effect of urine storage as a simple treatment method was examined under tropical conditions. initial concentrations of total coliforms (2.3 x 10(5) cfu/100 ml), e. coli (<1.0 x 10(4) cfu/100 ml), and salmonella sp. were less than detection limit after four weeks. open storage led to nitrogen losses of 90%, whereas closed stora ... | 2010 | 20942339 |
| soluble fiber dextrins and pullulans vary in extent of hydrolytic digestion in vitro and in energy value and attenuate glycemic and insulinemic responses in dogs. | the objective of this research was to measure in vitro hydrolytic digestion characteristics, glycemic and insulinemic responses, and true metabolizable energy (tme(n)) content of select soluble fiber dextrins (sfds) and pullulans. the sfds were derived either from tapioca starch or from corn starch. the pullulans were of low, intermediate, and high molecular weight. soluble fiber dextrins varied in digestibility, with all substrates resulting in low to intermediate in vitro monosaccharide digest ... | 2010 | 20939499 |
| digestibility and metabolizable energy values of processed cassava chips for growing and finishing pigs. | determinations of digestibility of dry matter (dm), digestible energy (de), and metabolizable energy (me) in cassava chips with different levels of crude fiber (cf) were measured in growing pigs (20 kg) and finishing pigs (60 kg). the treatments were (1) cassava starch (0% cf), (2) peeled cassava chips (2.5% cf), (3) non-peeled washed cassava chips (3.9% cf), and (4) non-peeled and non-washed cassava chips (5.2% cf). in the growing pigs, peeled cassava chips, non-peeled washed cassava chips, and ... | 2010 | 20938741 |
| prodigiosin production by serratia marcescens ucp 1549 using renewable-resources as a low cost substrate. | a new strain of serratia marcescens ucp1459 isolated from a semi-arid soil produced the natural red pigment prodigiosin, characterized by an uncommon pyrrolylpyrromethane skeleton. prodigiosin is a promising drug due to its reported antifungal, immunosuppressive and anti-proliferative activities. the objective of this work was to indentify a suitable medium to simultaneously enhance s. marcescens growth and pigment production using renewable resources obtained from industrial wastes. s. marcesce ... | 2010 | 20938403 |
| hydrolysis/dehydration/aldol-condensation/hydrogenation of lignocellulosic biomass and biomass-derived carbohydrates in the presence of pd/wo3-zro2 in a single reactor. | hydrolysis/dehydration/aldol-condensation/hydrogenation of lignocellulosic-biomass (corncobs) and biomass-derived carbohydrates (tapioca flour) to produce water-soluble c5-c15 compounds was developed in a single reactor system. wo3-zro2 efficiently catalyzed the hydrolysis/dehydration of these feedstocks to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and furfural, while the impregnation of wo3-zro2 with pd allowed sequential aldolcondensation/hydrogenation of these furans to c5-c15 compounds. the highest c5-c15 yie ... | 2011 | 20934873 |
| simultaneous virus-specific detection of the two cassava brown streak-associated viruses by rt-pcr reveals wide distribution in east africa, mixed infections, and infections in manihot glaziovii. | the expanding cassava brown streak disease (cbsd) epidemic in east africa is caused by two ipomoviruses (genus ipomovirus; potyviridae), namely, cassava brown streak virus (cbsv), and ugandan cassava brown streak virus (ucbsv) that was described recently. a reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) based diagnostic method was developed in this study for simultaneous virus-specific detection of the two viruses. results showed that cbsv and ucbsv are distributed widely in the highla ... | 2011 | 20923689 |
| provitamin a accumulation in cassava (manihot esculenta) roots driven by a single nucleotide polymorphism in a phytoene synthase gene. | cassava (manihot esculenta) is an important staple crop, especially in the arid tropics. because roots of commercial cassava cultivars contain a limited amount of provitamin a carotenoids, both conventional breeding and genetic modification are being applied to increase their production and accumulation to fight vitamin a deficiency disorders. we show here that an allelic polymorphism in one of the two expressed phytoene synthase (psy) genes is capable of enhancing the flux of carbon through car ... | 2010 | 20889914 |
| biological parameters of bemisia tabaci (gennadius) biotype b (hemiptera: aleyrodidae) on jatropha gossypiifolia, commercial (manihot esculenta) and wild cassava (manihot flabellifolia and m. carthaginensis) (euphorbiaceae). | bemisia tabaci (gennadius) is one of the most important pests of cassava in africa and several countries of asia due to the damage caused by direct feeding, the excretion of honeydew, and its capacity as a vector of cassava mosaic geminivirus. there is a general consensus that b. tabaci is a complex of morphologically indistinguishable populations with different biotypes. in the americas, the polyphagous biotype b does not appear to feed on cassava. recent studies indicate that it is possible, h ... | 2010 | 20877992 |
| fungi immobilization for landfill leachate treatment. | this paper investigated treatment of landfill leachate collected from nonthaburi landfill site, thailand, by using immobilized white rot fungi, namely, trametes versicolor bcc 8725 and flavodon flavus bcc 17421. effects of ph and co-substrates were investigated at different contact times. three types of co-substrates as carbon source used in this study are glucose, corn starch and cassava. treatment efficiency was evaluated based on color, bod, and cod removal. initial bod and cod were found to ... | 2010 | 20861536 |
| cryopreservation of sweetpotato (ipomoea batatas) and its pathogen eradication by cryotherapy. | sweetpotato (ipomoea batatas) ranks as the seventh most important staple crop in the world and the fifth in developing countries after rice, wheat, maize and cassava. sweetpotato is mainly grown in developing countries, which account for more than 95% of total production of the whole world. genetic resources, including cultivated varieties and wild species, are a prerequisite for novel sweetpotato breeding in both conventional and genetic engineering programs. various cryopreservation protocols ... | 2011 | 20851757 |
| brain glutathione as a target for aetiological factors in neurolathyrism and konzo. | both neurolathyrism and konzo are associated with the nutritional dependence of human populations on a single plant food. these diseases express themselves as chronic disorders of upper motor neurones, leading to signs and symptoms that characterise amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (motor neurone disease). the plant food associated with neurolathyrism is grass pea, which contains the neurotoxic β-n-oxalyl-α,β-diaminopropionic acid (β-odap). the plant food associated with konzo is cassava, which may ... | 2011 | 20816718 |
| optimization of bioethanol production during simultaneous saccharification and fermentation in very high-gravity cassava mash. | hydrolysis and fermentation conditions for production of ethanol from very high-gravity cassava mash by saccharomyces cerevisiae during simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (ssf) processing were optimized using a statistical methodology. during the first part of the study, placket-burman design (pbd) was used to study 19 factors that could potentially influence ethanol production. gravity, particle size, initial ph, and fermentation temperature were identified as key factors that signi ... | 2011 | 20803106 |
| reduction of voc emission from natural flours filled biodegradable bio-composites for automobile interior. | various experiments, such as the thermal extract (te) method, field and emission cell (flec) method and 20 l small chamber, were performed to examine the total volatile organic compound (tvoc) emissions from bio-composites. the tvoc of neat poly(lactic acid) (pla) was ranged from 0.26 mg/m(2)h to 4.11 mg/m(2)h with increasing temperature. for both pla bio-composites with pineapple flour and destarched cassava flour, the temperature increased from 0.30 mg/m(2)h to 3.72 mg/m(2)h and from 0.19 mg/m ... | 2011 | 20739121 |
| draft genome sequence of the oilseed species ricinus communis. | castor bean (ricinus communis) is an oilseed crop that belongs to the spurge (euphorbiaceae) family, which comprises approximately 6,300 species that include cassava (manihot esculenta), rubber tree (hevea brasiliensis) and physic nut (jatropha curcas). it is primarily of economic interest as a source of castor oil, used for the production of high-quality lubricants because of its high proportion of the unusual fatty acid ricinoleic acid. however, castor bean genomics is also relevant to biosecu ... | 2010 | 20729833 |
| movement behaviour within and beyond perceptual ranges in three small mammals: effects of matrix type and body mass. | 1. for animal species inhabiting heterogeneous landscapes, the tortuosity of the dispersal path is a key determinant of the success in locating habitat patches. path tortuosity within and beyond perceptual range must differ, and may be differently affected by intrinsic attributes of individuals and extrinsic environmental factors. understanding how these factors interact to determine path tortuosity allows more accurate inference of successful movements between habitat patches. 2. we experimenta ... | 2010 | 20707824 |
| transmission studies with cassava brown streak uganda virus (potyviridae: ipomovirus) and its interaction with abiotic and biotic factors in nicotiana benthamiana. | cassava brown streak disease (cbsd), caused by two distinct species, cassava brown streak uganda virus (cbsuv) and cassava brown streak virus (cbsv), is a major constraint to cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) production in africa. absence of infectious clones of cbsuv or cbsv and the lack of efficient means of mechanical transmission of cbsd has hampered laboratory studies of this disease. mechanical transmission, achieved mainly by plant sap inoculation, is a widely used technique for characte ... | 2010 | 20691215 |
| dual infection by cassava begomoviruses in two leguminous species (fabaceae) in yangambi, northeastern democratic republic of congo. | a study on cassava mosaic begomoviruses was conducted around yangambi (dr congo) by sampling 10 different leguminous species with or without symptoms similar to cassava mosaic disease. dna was isolated to amplify cmbs using primers targeting ac2 and ac4 genes for virus detection by pcr. the results showed a dual infection by acmv and eacmv in two weed species, centrosema pubescens and pueraria javanica, associated with mosaic symptoms. the dna-a genome component of acmv and eacmv from the infest ... | 2010 | 20680361 |
| replacement effects of panicum maximum with ficus polita on performance of west african dwarf goats. | the replacement value of ficus polita for panicum maximum was evaluated on 32 female post-weaned west african dwarfs goats. ficus polita was fed with p. maximum at different proportions of 0:90 (f. polita:p. maximum), 30:60, 60:30 and 90:0 constituting diets 1, 2, 3 and 4 respectively. each diet was supplemented with 10% cassava peels. dry matter intake per kg metabolic weight of goats was not significantly (p> 0.05) influenced by the dietary treatments. however, crude protein intake per kg meta ... | 2011 | 20666857 |
| life history analysis of hiv/aids-affected households in rice and cassava-based farming communities in northern malawi. | the "new variant famine" hypothesis proposed that aids offers a major challenge to food security in this part of africa by impairing the functioning of traditional support systems, leading to the collapse of "social immunity". this study explores the changing perceptions of hiv and aids and peoples' responses to its impact by eliciting life history narratives of 30 respondents in northern malawi. we classified respondents by means of gender, livelihood systems and aids impact levels. respondents ... | 2010 | 20640952 |
| in vitro effects of cassava (manihot esculenta) leaf extracts on four development stages of haemonchus contortus. | three extracts (aqueous, methanolic and dichloromethane) of manihot esculenta (cassava) leaf were tested in vitro on four development stages of haemonchus contortus using egg hatch assay (eha), larval development assay (lda), l3 migration inhibition assay (lmi) and adult worm motility assay (awm). compared to the negative control, significant effects (p<0.0001) were observed for the methanolic extract of leaf against larval development (57.6% +/-7.6), with a dose dependent effect. these results ... | 2010 | 20638799 |
| cassava starch coating and citric acid to preserve quality parameters of fresh-cut "tommy atkins" mango. | combination of citric acid dipping (5 g/l) and cassava starch coating (10 g/l), with and without glycerol (10 g/l), was studied to verify the effectiveness of these treatments to inhibit enzymatic browning, to reduce respiration rate, and to preserve quality parameters of "tommy atkins" fresh-cut mangoes during storage at 5 degrees c. color characteristics (l and c), mechanical properties (stress at failure), weight loss, beta-carotene content, sensory acceptance, and microbial growth of fruits ... | 2010 | 20629876 |
| drivers of land use change and household determinants of sustainability in smallholder farming systems of eastern uganda. | smallholder farming systems in sub-saharan africa have undergone changes in land use, productivity and sustainability. understanding of the drivers that have led to changes in land use in these systems and factors that influence the systems' sustainability is useful to guide appropriate targeting of intervention strategies for improvement. we studied low input teso farming systems in eastern uganda from 1960 to 2001 in a place-based analysis combined with a comparative analysis of similar low in ... | 2010 | 20628448 |
| efficient production of l-lactic acid from cassava powder by lactobacillus rhamnosus. | cassava is one of the most efficient and rich crops in terms of carbohydrate production, which is a tropical perennial plant that grows on poor or depleted soils. microbial conversion of such a renewable raw material to useful products is an important objective in industrial biotechnology. l-lactic acid was efficiently produced from cassava powder by a lactobacillus rhamnosus strain casl. the fermentation properties of cassava powder were compared with those of glucose and corn powder. the effic ... | 2010 | 20627717 |
| etiology of konzo, epidemic spastic paraparesis associated with cyanogenic glycosides in cassava: role of thiamine deficiency? | konzo is a syndrome of symmetrical, non-progressive, non-remitting spastic paraparesis occurring in epidemic and endemic forms in several countries in africa, invariably associated with monotonous consumption of inadequately processed bitter cassava roots (manihot esculenta) with very minimal protein supplementation. despite numerous epidemiological, clinical and biochemical studies by authors in several countries aimed at elucidating the etiological mechanisms of konzo, the etiology remains unk ... | 2010 | 20619859 |
| senescence-inducible expression of isopentenyl transferase extends leaf life, increases drought stress resistance and alters cytokinin metabolism in cassava. | cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) sheds its leaves during growth, especially within the tropical dry season. with the production of sag12-ipt transgenic cassava we want to test the level of leaf retention and altered cytokinin metabolism of transgenic plants via the autoregulatory senescence inhibition system. after confirmation of transgene expression by molecular analysis and phenotype examination in greenhouse plants, two transgenic plant lines, 529-28 and 529-48, were chosen for further inv ... | 2010 | 20590995 |
| isolation and physicochemical characterisation of starch from cocoyam (colocasia esculenta) grown in malawi. | the aim of this study was to determine the physicochemical properties of starches isolated from malawian cocoyams and compare them with those of cassava and corn starches. | 2010 | 20572058 |
| differential roles of geminivirus rep and ac4 (c4) in the induction of necrosis in nicotiana benthamiana. | summary the replication-associated protein (rep) of two distinct begomoviruses, the bipartite african cassava mosaic virus (acmv) and the monopartite tomato yellow leaf curl virus-china (tylcv-c), elicits a reaction resembling a hypersensitive response (hr), associated with the induction of local necrosis and a systemic burst of hydrogen peroxide production, when expressed from a potato virus x vector in nicotiana benthamiana. transient expression of the acmv rep after agrobacterium infiltration ... | 2002 | 20569353 |
| cdna-aflp reveals genes differentially expressed during the hypersensitive response of cassava. | summary the tropical staple cassava is subject to several major diseases, such as cassava bacterial blight, caused by xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis. disease-resistant genotypes afford the only practical solution, yet despite the global importance of this crop, little is known about its defence mechanisms. cdna-aflp was used to isolate cassava genes differentially expressed during the hypersensitive reaction (hr) of leaves in response to an incompatible pseudomonas syringae pathovar. seven ... | 2005 | 20565643 |
| identification of genes in cassava that are differentially expressed during infection with xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis. | summary the cdna-amplified fragment length polymorphism approach was used to identify differentially expressed transcripts from cassava infected by xanthomonas axonopodis pv. manihotis (xam). approximately 3600 transcript-derived fragments (tdfs) were screened of which 340 were isolated. the nucleotide sequences of 250 tdfs were analysed and assembled into contigs and singletons. the amino acid sequences of their predicted products were compared with entries in databases and 63 of these clones s ... | 2004 | 20565629 |
| improvement of l(+)-lactic acid production from cassava wastewater by lactobacillus rhamnosus b 103. | l(+)-lactic acid is used in the pharmaceutical, textile and food industries as well as in the synthesis of biodegradable plastics. the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different medium components added in cassava wastewater for the production of l(+)-lactic acid by lactobacillus rhamnosus b 103. | 2010 | 20564419 |
| the fine structure of cassava starch amylopectin. part 2: building block structure of clusters. | the aim of this work was to analyse the organization of unit chains inside clusters of cassava amylopectin. beta-limit dextrins of the clusters and partly fragmented clusters (sub-clusters) were isolated previously [laohaphatanaleart et al., int. j. biol. macromol. (2010) doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2010.01.0049] and were now hydrolysed extensively with the alpha-amylase (liquefying type) of bacillus subtilis into small, branched building blocks. the blocks were size-fractionated and characterized st ... | 2010 | 20561968 |
| a new unifying hypothesis for lathyrism, konzo and tropical ataxic neuropathy: nitriles are the causative agents. | konzo and lathyrism are associated with consumption of cassava and grass pea, respectively. cassava consumption has also been associated with a third disease, tropical ataxic neuropathy (tan). this review presents a new unifying hypothesis on the causative agents for these diseases: namely, that they are nitriles, compounds containing cyano groups. the diseases may be caused by different but similar nitriles through direct neurotoxic actions not mediated by systemic cyanide release. both cassava ... | 2011 | 20553991 |
| development of starter culture for improved processing of lafun, an african fermented cassava food product. | to select appropriate micro-organisms to be used as starter culture for reliable and reproducible fermentation of lafun. | 2010 | 20553347 |
| efficient production of active form recombinant cassava hydroxynitrile lyase using escherichia coli in low-temperature culture. | hydroxynitrile lyase (mehnl, ec 4.1.2.39) is a useful enzyme for production of optically active cyanohydrin compounds. production of mehnl can be increased by substituting rare codons of the natural sequence of cassava (manihot esculenta) mehnl. however, most of the mehnl produced by this method was in an insoluble form in escherichia coli expression system. in order to increase the productivity of active form of mehnl, the effects of cultivation temperature were investigated. when the cultivati ... | 2010 | 20552449 |
| idiopathic chronic pancreatitis in india: phenotypic characterisation and strong genetic susceptibility due to spink1 and cftr gene mutations. | to study the genetic predisposition, phenotype and prognosis of idiopathic chronic pancreatitis (cp). | 2010 | 20551465 |
| on the biomarkers and mechanisms of konzo, a distinct upper motor neuron disease associated with food (cassava) cyanogenic exposure. | konzo is a self-limiting central motor-system disease associated with food dependency on cassava and low dietary intake of sulfur amino acids (saa). under conditions of saa-deficiency, ingested cassava cyanogens yield metabolites that include thiocyanate and cyanate, a protein-carbamoylating agent. we studied the physical and biochemical modifications of rat serum and spinal cord proteins arising from intoxication of young adult rats with 50-200mg/kg linamarin, or 200mg/kg sodium cyanate (naocn) ... | 2011 | 20538033 |
| aflp-based transcript profiling for cassava genome-wide expression analysis in the onset of storage root formation. | cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) is a root crop that accumulates large quantities of starch, and it is an important source of carbohydrate. study on gene expressions during storage root development provides important information on storage root formation and starch accumulation as well as unlock new traits for improving of starch yield. cdna-amplified fragment length polymorphism (aflp) was used to compare gene expression profiles in fibrous and storage roots of cassava cultivar kasetsart 50. ... | 2010 | 20536786 |
| alterations of reproduction system in a polyploidized cassava interspecific hybrid. | the objective of this research was to examine how much polyploidy may affect seed and root formation in cassava interspecific hybrids manihot esculenta crantz xm. oligantha pax. a polyploid type was induced by colchicine treatment to lateral buds followed by propagating vegetatively arising stems. cytogenetic and anatomical analyses were made on both polyploid and diploid types. the polyploid type showed extensive chromosome pairing and pollen viability. multiembryonic ovule frequency increased ... | 2010 | 20536543 |
| drought tolerant stem anatomy characteristics in manihot esculenta (euphorbiaceae) and a wild relative. | the stem structure of two cassava cultivars, unb 99 and unb 110, known for being adapted to humid conditions and tolerant to drought, respectively, and of a wild species, manihot glaziovii, was examined anatomically. free-hand sections of secondary stems were made, clarified with 50% sodium hypochlorite solution, stained with 1% alcian-blue safranin, and then passed through an ethanol series and butyl acetate, followed by mounting in synthetic resin. m. glaziovii stems had dense prismatic and dr ... | 2010 | 20533197 |
| cancer risk assessment of ethyl carbamate in alcoholic beverages from brazil with special consideration to the spirits cachaça and tiquira. | ethyl carbamate (ec) is a multi-site carcinogen in experimental animals and probably carcinogenic to humans (iarc group 2a). traces of ec below health-relevant ranges naturally occur in several fermented foods and beverages, while higher concentrations above 1 mg/l are regularly detected in only certain spirits derived from cyanogenic plants. in brazil this concerns the sugarcane spirit cachaça and the manioc (cassava) spirit tiquira, which both regularly exceed the national ec limit of 0.15 mg/ ... | 2010 | 20529350 |
| chemical composition and in sacco degradability of four varieties of cassava leaves grown in southwestern nigeria in the rumen of sheep. | the nutritive value of leaves of four varieties of cassava (ms 6, tms 30555, idileruwa and tms 30572) were studied through analysis of their chemical components and degradability of their dry matter (dm) and crude protein (cp) in the rumen of sheep. results of the chemical analyses showed that the leaves of the four varieties contained different proportions of organic matter which was significantly (p < 0.05) highest in tms 30572 with value of 935 g/kg dm, while cp (gram per kilogramme dm) was s ... | 2010 | 20521108 |
| feeding and performance of pigs in smallholder production systems in northern lao pdr. | a survey was carried out in the north of lao pdr to study feeding systems and the performance of pigs in smallholder systems. a total of 341 farmers from five provinces were interviewed. to feed their pigs, farmers mainly rely on feedstuffs produced on the farm and collected from areas near the village. the feedstuffs used included by-products such as rice bran and distiller's waste, planted feeds, mainly maize and cassava, and various green plant materials. the feedstuffs used are usually high ... | 2010 | 20517643 |
| effect of different binders on the physico-chemical, textural, histological, and sensory qualities of retort pouched buffalo meat nuggets. | the functional properties of 4 binders, namely corn starch, wheat semolina, wheat flour, and tapioca starches, were evaluated to improve the quality of buffalo meat nuggets processed in retort pouches at f(0) 12.13. incorporation of corn starch in buffalo meat nuggets produced more stable emulsion than other binders used. product yield, drip loss, and ph did not vary significantly between the products with different binders. shear force value was significantly higher for product with corn starch ... | 2016 | 20492199 |
| evaluation of nondigested carbohydrates in hydroxypropylated tapioca starch. | in vitro and in vivo digestibilities of hydroxypropyl starch were investigated to determine an appropriate nondigested carbohydrate assaying method for hydroxypropyl starch. hydroxypropyl tapioca starch (hpts), with a 0.338 degree of substitution, was used as a hydroxypropyl starch source. practically all nondigested carbohydrate in hpts was low molecular weight and was not precipitated in 78% ethanol. the contents of nondigested carbohydrate in hpts and in effluents of ileorectomized rats fed t ... | 2010 | 20492172 |
| effects of supplementing rice straw with leucaena (leucaena leucocephala) and madras thorn (pithecellobium dulce) foliages on digestibility, microbial n supply and nitrogen balance of growing goats. | a total of 12 crossbred (boer × anglo-nubian) goats were chosen from a commercial farm on the basis of similar body weight (25.0 ± 3.1 kg). the goats were housed in individual pens and allowed 3 weeks to adapt to experimental conditions. the goats were randomly allocated to three treatments in a 3 × 3 latin square experiment (replicated four times). within each period, each goat was given rice straw as roughage plus the respective treatment diet. the diets were iso-nitrogenous and iso-energetic ... | 2010 | 20487095 |
| hiv and hepatocellular and esophageal carcinomas related to consumption of mycotoxin-prone foods in sub-saharan africa. | promotion of the hiv epidemic by aflatoxin is postulated but not yet established. sub-saharan populations commonly consume food contaminated by mycotoxins, particularly aflatoxins (predominantly found in peanut, maize, rice, and cassava) and fumonisins, which occur primarily in maize. aflatoxin promotes hepatocellular cancer, and fumonisin may promote esophageal cancer. | 2010 | 20484447 |
| effective ethanol production by reutilizing waste distillage anaerobic digestion effluent in an integrated fermentation process coupled with both ethanol and methane fermentations. | an integrated ethanol-methane fermentation coupled system characterized with full wastewater reutilization was proposed. the waste distillage originated from ethanol distillation was treated with anaerobic digestion and then recycled for medium preparation in the next ethanol fermentation run. this process could enhance wastewater reutilization, save fresh water and reduce energy consumption in the cassava-based ethanol production. the results indicated that, when using anaerobic effluents from ... | 2010 | 20473528 |
| sequestering of cu(ii) from aqueous solution using cassava peel (manihot esculenta). | cassava peel is a prospective cheap biosorbent for metal ions sequestration. in this research, the ability of cassava peel to remove cu(ii) from aqueous solution was evaluated. its physical characteristics were probed by nitrogen adsorption measurements and scanning electron microscopy while its biosorption mechanism was studied by fourier transform infrared (ftir), scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive using x-ray analysis-(sem/edx), x-ray mapping and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy ( ... | 2010 | 20471169 |
| isolation and characterization of ethanol-producing schizosaccharomyces pombe chfy0201. | ethanol-producing yeast strain, chfy0201 was isolated from soil in south korea using an enrichment technique in a yeast peptone dextrose medium supplemented with 5% (w/v) ethanol at 30 degrees c. the phenotypic and physiological characteristics, as well as molecular phylogenetic analysis based on the d1/d2 domains of the large subunit (26s) rdna gene and the internally transcribed spacer (its) 1+2 regions suggested that the chfy0201 was novel strain of schizosaccharomyces pombe. during shaking f ... | 2010 | 20467261 |
| cassava root diet induces low pyruvate levels. | the high cyanogenic-glucoside carbohydrate of the cassava root (manihot esculenta) has special properties that make it an ideal therapeutic food for lowering nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide reduced form (nadh) and inducing sirtuin (sirt) gene overexpression when eaten in an exclusive mono-food diet regime. the author, using himself as the sole test subject, repeatedly induced low pyruvate levels (reflective of nadh levels) after being on the diet for 1-2 weeks at a time. the possible influence ... | 2013 | 20462383 |
| protein and starch concentrates of air-classified field pea and zero-tannin faba bean for weaned pigs. | air-classified pulse (non-oilseed legume) protein and starch may replace specialty protein and starch feedstuffs in diets for weaned pigs. in exp. 1, three specialty protein sources (5% soy protein concentrate, 5% corn gluten meal, and 5% menhaden meal in the control diet) were replaced with 16% zero-tannin hulled or dehulled faba bean, or 17.5% field pea protein concentrate. in total, 192 group-housed pigs (2 gilts and 2 barrows per pen; bw = 7.5 +/- 1.4 kg) were fed wheat-based diets (3.60 mca ... | 2010 | 20453087 |
| enhancer/suppressor mutator (en/spm)-like transposable elements of cassava (manihot esculenta) are transcriptionally inactive. | transposable elements contribute to the size, structure, variation, and diversity of the genome and have major effects on gene function. sequencing projects have revealed the diversity of transposable elements in many organisms and have shown that they constitute a high percentage of the genome. pcr-based techniques using degenerate primers designed from conserved enzyme domains of transposable elements can provide quick and extensive surveys, making study of diversity and abundance and their ap ... | 2010 | 20449796 |
| influence of different substrates on the production of a mutant thermostable glucoamylase in submerged fermentation. | three mutations, ser54→pro, thr314→ala, and his415→tyr, were identified in aspergillus awamori glucoamylase gene expressed by saccharomyces cerevisiae. the mutant glucoamylase (ga) was substantially more thermostable than a wild-type ga at 70 °c, with a 3.0 kj mol(-1) increase in the free energy of thermo-inactivation. the effect of starch from different botanical sources on the production of this ga was measured in liquid fermentation using commercial soluble starch, cassava, potato, and corn a ... | 2011 | 20414741 |
| determination of dynamic characteristics of microbiota in a fermented beverage produced by brazilian amerindians using culture-dependent and culture-independent methods. | cauim is a fermented beverages prepared by tapirapé amerindians in brazil from substrates such as cassava, rice, peanuts, pumpkin, cotton seed and maize. here we study the microorganisms associated with peanut and rice fermentation using a combination of culture-dependent and -independent methods. the bacterial population varied from 7.4 to 8.4 log cfu/ml. the yeast population varied from 4.0 to 6.6 log cfu/ml. a total of 297 bacteria and yeasts strains were isolated during fermentation, with 19 ... | 2010 | 20413168 |
| genetic, embryonic and anatomical study of an interspecific cassava hybrid. | a molecular, anatomical and cytogenetic study of an interspecific hybrid between manihot esculenta (cassava) and the wild species m. oligantha was carried out. cytogenetics revealed relatively complete chromosome pairing and high viability of the pollen grains. ovule structure examined by the clearing method showed polyembryony in 2.7% of the ovules. doubling of the chromosome number resulted in an increase in polyembryony of up to 18% and a reduction in pollen viability. multivalent formation w ... | 2010 | 20391337 |
| pre-columbian agricultural landscapes, ecosystem engineers, and self-organized patchiness in amazonia. | the scale and nature of pre-columbian human impacts in amazonia are currently hotly debated. whereas pre-columbian people dramatically changed the distribution and abundance of species and habitats in some parts of amazonia, their impact in other parts is less clear. pioneer research asked whether their effects reached even further, changing how ecosystems function, but few in-depth studies have examined mechanisms underpinning the resilience of these modifications. combining archeology, archeob ... | 2010 | 20385814 |
| malaria knowledge and agricultural practices that promote mosquito breeding in two rural farming communities in oyo state, nigeria. | agricultural practices such as the use of irrigation during rice cultivation, the use of ponds for fish farming and the storage of water in tanks for livestock provide suitable breeding grounds for anthropophylic mosquitoes. the most common anthropophylic mosquito in nigeria which causes much of the morbidity and mortality associated with malaria is the anopheles mosquito. farmers are therefore at high risk of malaria - a disease which seriously impacts on agricultural productivity. unfortunatel ... | 2010 | 20380703 |
| putative storage root specific promoters from cassava and yam: cloning and evaluation in transgenic carrots as a model system. | a prerequisite for biotechnological improvements of storage roots is the availability of tissue-specific promoters enabling high expression of transgenes. in this work, we cloned two genomic fragments, pme1 and pdj3s, controlling the expression of a gene with unknown function from cassava (manihot esculenta) and of the storage protein dioscorin 3 small subunit gene from yam (dioscorea japonica), respectively. using beta-glucuronidase as a reporter, the activities of pme1 and pdj3s were evaluated ... | 2010 | 20369359 |
| the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal inoculation and mulch of contrasting chemical composition on the yield of cassava under humid tropical conditions. | the influence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (amf), glomus deserticola, and leaf mulch from gliricidia sepium and senna siamea on the yield of cassava (manihot esculenta) in a degraded alfisol of southwestern nigeria was investigated. inoculation in conjunction with mulching increased cassava tuber yield by 40-278% over the control. the highest yield was obtained with g. sepium and s. siamea mulch applied together in equal proportions. the results are explained in the light of the growth-enhan ... | 2010 | 20364236 |
| a novel full recycling process through two-stage anaerobic treatment of distillery wastewater for bioethanol production from cassava. | in the present study, a novel full recycling process for bioethanol production was investigated, where three mathematical models were established to simulate the accumulation of major soluble inhibitory substances, including organic compounds, total ions, volatile fatty acids (vfas) and colorants. these inhibitory substances in the reused water reached a relative steady state after 3-7 batches of anaerobic treatment and recycling process, which coincided with the results of mathematical models. ... | 2010 | 20363557 |
| short-duration cassava genotypes for crop diversification in the humid tropics: growth dynamics, biomass, yield and quality. | short-duration (6-7 months) cassava provides opportunities to smallholder farmers for effective utilisation of resources such as land, moisture and nutrients as well as diversification of enterprise and income. the variation in biomass production and partitioning, seasonal course of growth indices, yield, quality and nutrient uptake of ten short-duration/early-bulking genotypes of cassava and their impact on nutrient contents in soil in a lowland situation akin to rice fallow were examined in th ... | 2010 | 20355030 |
| [enhancing ethanol production using thermophilic yeast by response surface methodology]. | we optimized the conditions of simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (ssf) from cassava flour into high-concentration ethanol by thermophilic yeast gxasy-10. based on the single factor experiment, we screened the important parameters by plackeet-burman design. we used the path of steepest ascent to approach to the biggest region of ethanol production subsequently. then, we obtained the optimum values of the parameters by box-behnken design. the results showed that the important paramete ... | 2010 | 20353091 |
| expression pattern conferred by a glutamic acid-rich protein gene promoter in field-grown transgenic cassava (manihot esculenta crantz). | a major constraint for incorporating new traits into cassava using biotechnology is the limited list of known/tested promoters that encourage the expression of transgenes in the cassava's starchy roots. based on a previous report on the glutamic-acid-rich protein pt2l4, indicating a preferential expression in roots, we cloned the corresponding gene including promoter sequence. a promoter fragment (cp2; 731 bp) was evaluated for its potential to regulate the expression of the reporter gene gusplu ... | 2010 | 20336312 |
| differential interaction between cassava mosaic geminiviruses and geminivirus satellites. | geminiviruses are often associated with subviral agents called dna satellites that require proteins encoded by the helper virus for their replication, movement and encapsidation. hitherto, most of the single-stranded dna satellites reported to be associated with members of the family geminiviridae have been associated with monopartite begomoviruses. cassava mosaic disease is known to be caused by viruses belonging to nine different begomovirus species in the african continent and the indian subc ... | 2010 | 20335493 |
| rearing the cotton bollworm, helicoverpa armigera, on a tapioca-based artificial diet. | the impact of a tapioca-based artificial diet on the developmental rate, life history parameters, and fertility was examined over five consecutive generations for the cotton bollworm, helicoverpa armigera hubner (lepidoptera: noctuidae), a highly polyphagous pest of many agricultural crops. the study showed that when fed the tapioca-based artificial diet during larval stage, larval and pupal developmental period, percent pupating, pupal weight, emergence rate of male and female, longevity, fecun ... | 2007 | 20302464 |
| small ruminant feed systems: perceptions and practices in the transitional zone of ghana. | adequate feeding is essential to realizing the potential of small ruminants to alleviate poverty among smallholder farmers. this study was conducted in two villages in the ejura-sekyedumase district of ghana and was motivated by farmers' non-adoption of modern feed technologies, but more importantly by the need to understand the small ruminant feed system considering farmers' different socio-economic backgrounds and how these relate to small ruminant performance. in this study, the feed system w ... | 2010 | 20298617 |
| improved yields of cyclic nigerosylnigerose from starch by pretreatment with a thermostable branching enzyme. | cyclic nigerosylnigerose (cnn) is produced enzymatically from starch by the combined action of 6-alpha-glucosyltransferase and 3-alpha-isomaltosyltransferase. in our previous study, alpha-1,6-branching chains found in the structure of amylopectin and glycogen were shown to be favorable for cnn formation by the two enzymes. therefore, we examined whether the introduction of alpha-1,6-branch points into starch using the action of branching enzyme (be) could improve the yield of cnn from starch. th ... | 2010 | 20226381 |
| a new strain of indian cassava mosaic virus causes a mosaic disease in the biodiesel crop jatropha curcas. | jatropha curcas mosaic disease is a newly emerging disease that challenges the productivity of a prospective biofuel crop, j. curcas. the aetiology of this disease has not been resolved. here, we report the complete nucleotide sequences of a jatropha virus isolated from dharwad, southern india. phylogenetic analysis of the virus genome suggests it is a new strain of indian cassava mosaic virus. agroinfiltration of the two cloned viral dna components produced systemic infection and typical mosaic ... | 2010 | 20224893 |
| the evolutionary ecology of clonally propagated domesticated plants. | while seed-propagated crops have contributed many evolutionary insights, evolutionary biologists have often neglected clonally propagated crops. we argue that widespread notions about their evolution under domestication are oversimplified, and that they offer rich material for evolutionary studies. the diversity of their wild ancestors, the diverse ecologies of the crop populations themselves, and the intricate mix of selection pressures, acting not only on the parts harvested but also on the pa ... | 2010 | 20202131 |
| proteome characterization of cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) somatic embryos, plantlets and tuberous roots. | proteomics is increasingly becoming an important tool for the study of many different aspects of plant functions, such as investigating the molecular processes underlying in plant physiology, development, differentiation and their interaction with the environments. to investigate the cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) proteome, we extracted proteins from somatic embryos, plantlets and tuberous roots of cultivar sc8 and separated them by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis ( ... | 2010 | 20187967 |
| consuming cassava as a staple food places children 2-5 years old at risk for inadequate protein intake, an observational study in kenya and nigeria. | inadequate protein intake is known to be deleterious in animals. using who consensus documents for human nutrient requirements, the protein:energy ratio (p:e) of an adequate diet is > 5%. cassava has a very low protein content. this study tested the hypothesis that nigerian and kenyan children consuming cassava as their staple food are at greater risk for inadequate dietary protein intake than those children who consume less cassava. | 2010 | 20187960 |
| developmenrt of est-ssr and genomic-ssr markers to assess genetic diversity in jatropha curcas l. | abstract: | 2010 | 20181259 |
| lactic acid production from cassava fibrous residue using lactobacillus plantarum mtcc 1407. | during extraction of starch from cassava, fibrous residue is a major waste released into the environment. owing to the high starch content (60-65% on dry weight basis) and organic matter of cassava fibrous residue (cfr), an attempt has been made to utilize it for the production of lactic acid (la) in semi solid state fermentation using mann rogassa sharpe medium containing [5 % (wv(-1))] cfr in lieu of glucose [2% (wv(-1))] as the carbon source. response surface methodology (rsm) was used to eva ... | 2009 | 20143717 |
| conversion of cassava wastes for biofertilizer production using phosphate solubilizing fungi. | two fungi characterized as aspergillus fumigatus and aspergillus niger, isolated from decaying cassava peels were used to convert cassava wastes by the semi-solid fermentation technique to phosphate biofertilizer. the isolates solubilized ca(3)(po(4))(2), alpo(4) and fepo(4) in liquid pikovskaya medium, a process that was accompanied by acid production. medium for the ssf fermentation was composed of 1% raw cassava starch and 3% poultry droppings as nutrients and 96% ground (0.5-1.5mm) dried cas ... | 2010 | 20138509 |
| antimicrobial activities of tapioca starch/decolorized hsian-tsao leaf gum coatings containing green tea extracts in fruit-based salads, romaine hearts and pork slices. | the antimicrobial activities of edible coatings based on a tapioca starch/decolorized hsian-tsao leaf gum (dhg) matrix with various green tea extracts (gtes) were evaluated. its effect on the shelf-life extension of fruit-based salads, romaine hearts, and pork slices were investigated as well. three types of gtes from hot water (80 degrees c) (w), 40% (e4) and 80% (e8) ethanol were prepared. it was found that all gtes showed pronounced inhibition on gram positive bacteria in agar media, includin ... | 2010 | 20138382 |
| constituents and secondary metabolite natural products in fresh and deteriorated cassava roots. | a phytochemical analysis of cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) fresh roots and roots suffering from post-harvest physiological deterioration (ppd) has been carried out. the first isolation and identification of galactosyl diacylglycerides from fresh cassava roots is reported, as well as beta-carotene, linamarin, and beta-sitosterol glucopyranoside. the hydroxycoumarin scopoletin and its glucoside scopolin were identified from cassava roots during ppd, as well as trace quantities of esculetin and ... | 2010 | 20137795 |
| a reliable and efficient method for total rna isolation from various members of spurge family (euphorbiaceae). | it is prerequisite and crucial to extract rna with high quality and integrity in order to carry out molecular biology studies in any plant species of a family. euphorbiaceae members are known for high levels of their waxes, oils with polysaccharides, polyphenolics and secondary metabolites. these conditions are recognised to interfere unfavourably with various methodologies of rna isolation. | 2012 | 20135710 |
| briquetting of charcoal from sugar-cane bagasse fly ash (scbfa) as an alternative fuel. | brazil is the largest worldwide producer of alcohol and sugar from sugar-cane and has an extensive alternative program for car fuel which is unique. the objective of this work is to offer one management option of a solid residue produced by this industrial segment. the pressed sugar-cane bagasse is burned to produce steam and electricity by cogeneration. the combustion yields both bottom and fly ashes which contain high amounts of silicon oxide as a major component. fly ash which contains a high ... | 2010 | 20133118 |
| an efficient treatment for detoxification process of cassava starch by plant cell wall-degrading enzymes. | the objective of this work was to remove linamarin in starch from cassava (manihot esculenta crantz cv. ku-50) roots, a high-cyanogen variety by using plant cell wall-degrading enzymes, xylanase and cellulase. the combination of xylanase from bacillus firmus k-1 and xylanase and cellulase from paenibacillus curdlanolyticus b-6 at the ratio of 1:9 showed the maximum synergism at 1.8 times for hydrolyzing cassava cortex cell walls and releasing linamarase. combined enzyme treatment enhanced linama ... | 2010 | 20129074 |
| fermentative production of l(+)-lactic acid using hydrolyzed acorn starch, persimmon juice and wheat bran hydrolysate as nutrients. | the use of hydrolyzed acorn starch as a novel carbon source for l(+)-lactic acid production was proposed. the effects of carbon-nitrogen ratio and growth factor on the fermentations were studied by single factor experiments. a lower carbon-nitrogen ratio could enhance l(+)-lactic acid production, and the expensive yeast extract could be replaced by the cheap persimmon juice providing growth factor for l(+)-lactic acid production when wheat bran hydrolysate was used as the nitrogen source. the do ... | 2010 | 20116239 |
| acidification and starch behaviour during co-fermentation of cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) and soybean (glycine max merr) into gari, an african fermented food. | changes in acidification and starch behaviour were investigated during co-fermentation of cassava and soybean into gari, an african fermented product. non-volatile acidity, ph and starch content were evaluated using standard analytical methods. starch breakdown and pasting characteristics were also analysed using a brabender viscoamylograph. fermentation caused significant variations in the ph, non-volatile acidity and starch concentration. the ph decreased with concomitant increases in non-vola ... | 2010 | 20109125 |
| [an item response theory analysis of the four-card selection task]. | the four-card selection task (wason, 1966) is one of the best known tasks used in the literatures of human reasoning. this article analyzes this selection task by using item response theory (lord & novick, 1968). japanese undergraduates (n = 323) responded six types of the wason's selection tasks including indicative task (wason, 1966), beer task (griggs & cox, 1982), and cassava task (cosmides, 1989). an exploratory categorical factor analysis revealed a one factor structure of the six tasks. t ... | 2009 | 20095447 |
| the complete genome sequence of the tanzanian strain of cassava brown streak virus and comparison with the ugandan strain sequence. | the complete genome sequence for an isolate of the ugandan and tanzanian strain types of cassava brown streak virus have been determined using the novel approach of non-directed next generation sequencing. comparison of the genome sequences revealed that cbsv is highly heterogeneous at the isolate level as well as the strain level. the isolate of the ugandan strain was found to have a genome 9,070 nucleotides long coding for a polypeptide with 2,902 amino acid residues. the isolate of the tanzan ... | 2010 | 20094895 |
| characterization of hyperthermostable alpha-amylase from geobacillus sp. iiptn. | a newly isolated geobacillus sp. iiptn (mtcc 5319) from the hot spring of uttarakhand's himalayan region produced a hyperthermostable alpha-amylase. the microorganism was characterized by biochemical tests and 16s rrna gene sequencing. the optimal temperature and ph were 60 degrees c and 6.5, respectively, for growth and enzyme production. although it was able to grow in temperature ranges from 50 to 80 degrees c and ph 5.5-8.5. maximum enzyme production was in exponential phase with activity 13 ... | 2010 | 20094713 |
| evaluation of the effect of four fibers on laxation, gastrointestinal tolerance and serum markers in healthy humans. | average dietary fiber intake in the united states is roughly half of the recommended amount. as new dietary fiber products are introduced to increase fiber intake, it is critical to evaluate the physiological effects of such fibers. | 2010 | 20090313 |
| flexible feeding on cultivated underground storage organs by rainforest-dwelling chimpanzees at bossou, west africa. | it has been proposed that exploitation of underground storage organs (usos) played an important role in the evolution of the genus homo, these items serving as 'fallback foods' during periods of low food availability. the use of usos as food by wild chimpanzees is infrequent and seen mostly in populations inhabiting relatively arid environments, such as the savanna. here, we specifically test the hypothesis that chimpanzees (pan troglodytes verus) inhabiting tropical wet forest at bossou (republ ... | 2010 | 20080283 |
| tapioca starch graft copolymers and dome matrix modules assembling technology. i. effect of module shape on drug release. | this paper studies the riboflavin release from compressed disc modules of dome matrix(r) technology using tapioca starch-ethylmethacrylate (tsema) and tapioca hydroxypropylstarch-ethylmethacrylate (thsema), graft copolymers produced by two different drying methods. the comparison with the release behaviour of similar hpmc modules was performed. two different shape modules have been made, identified as female and male modules, in order to obtain their assemblage by interlocking the disc bases. hp ... | 2010 | 20080180 |
| analysis of cassava brown streak viruses reveals the presence of distinct virus species causing cassava brown streak disease in east africa. | cassava brown streak virus (cbsv) isolates were analysed from symptomatic cassava collected between 1997 and 2008 in the major cultivation regions of east africa. an analysis of complete rna genomes of seven isolates from kenya, tanzania, mozambique, uganda and malawi revealed a common genome structure, but the isolates clearly clustered in two distinct clades. the first comprised isolates from kenya, uganda, malawi, north-western tanzania and the cbsv described previously, and shared between 87 ... | 2010 | 20071490 |
| agrobacterium-mediated transformation of friable embryogenic calli and regeneration of transgenic cassava. | agrobacterium-mediated transformation of friable embryogenic calli (fec) is the most widely used method to generate transgenic cassava plants. however, this approach has proven to be time-consuming and can lead to changes in the morphology and quality of fec, influencing regeneration capacity and plant health. here we present a comprehensive, reliable and improved protocol, taking approximately 6 months, that optimizes agrobacterium-mediated transformation of fec from cassava model cultivar tms6 ... | 2009 | 20010938 |