Publications

predictive risk factors for listeria monocytogenes meningitis compared to pneumococcal meningitis: a multicenter case-control study.	various immunocompromised conditions increase the risk of meningitis caused by listeria monocytogenes. however, the relative importance of these risk factors has not been well established. we determined the risk factors that predict meningitis due to l. monocytogenes compared to that caused by streptococcus pneumoniae.	2017	27541039
cryptococcus gattii meningitis complicated by listeria monocytogenes infection.		2016	27532498
achillea schurii flowers: chemical, antioxidant, and antimicrobial investigations.	this study aims to evaluate the phenolic profile, and antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of achillea schurii sch.-bip., an endemic species from romania that has not been investigated yet. the chromatographic profile of the phenolic components was obtained using the hplc-ms method, while the total polyphenol, flavonoid, caffeic acid derivative contents were quantified using spectrophotometric methods. the antioxidant activity was evaluated using different methods: dpph radical scavenging, hem ...	2016	27529204
antifungal and antibacterial activities of petroselinum crispum essential oil.	parsley [petroselinum crispum (mill.) fuss] is regarded as an aromatic, culinary, and medicinal plant and is used in the cosmetic, food, and pharmaceutical industries. however, few studies with conflicting results have been conducted on the antimicrobial activity of parsley essential oil. in addition, there have been no reports of essential oil obtained from parsley aerial parts, except seeds, as an alternative natural antimicrobial agent. also, microorganism resistance is still a challenge for ...	2016	27525894
pediocin sa-1: a selective bacteriocin for controlling listeria monocytogenes in maize silages.	in this study, we assessed the potential as silage additive of a bacteriocin produced by pediococcus acidilactici northern regional research laboratory (nrrl) b-5627 (pediocin sa-1). maize was inoculated either with a bacterial starter alone (i) or in combination with the bacteriocin (ip), and untreated silage served as control. we monitored the products of fermentation (ethanol, and lactic and acetic acids), the microbial population, and the presence of the indicator strain listeria monocytogen ...	2016	27522409
adhesion- and degranulation-promoting adapter protein promotes cd8 t cell differentiation and resident memory formation and function during an acute infection.	during acute infections, naive ag-specific cd8 t cells are activated and differentiate into effector t cells, most of which undergo contraction after pathogen clearance. a small population of cd8 t cells persists as memory to protect against future infections. we investigated the role of adhesion- and degranulation-promoting adapter protein (adap) in promoting cd8 t cell responses to a systemic infection. naive ag-specific cd8 t cells lacking adap exhibited a modest expansion defect early after ...	2016	27521337
core genome multilocus sequence typing for identification of globally distributed clonal groups and differentiation of outbreak strains of listeria monocytogenes.	many listeriosis outbreaks are caused by a few globally distributed clonal groups, designated clonal complexes or epidemic clones, of listeria monocytogenes, several of which have been defined by classic multilocus sequence typing (mlst) schemes targeting 6 to 8 housekeeping or virulence genes. we have developed and evaluated core genome mlst (cgmlst) schemes and applied them to isolates from multiple clonal groups, including those associated with 39 listeriosis outbreaks. the cgmlst clusters we ...	2016	27520821
listeria monocytogenes induces mast cell extracellular traps.	mast cells play an essential role in different immunological phenomena including allergy and infectious diseases. several bacteria induce mast cell activation leading to degranulation and the production of several cytokines and chemokines. however, mast cells also have different microbicidal activities such as phagocytosis and the release of dna with embedded granular proteins known as mast cell extracellular traps (mcets). although previous reports indicate that extracellular bacteria are able ...	2017	27520114
antimicrobial activity of various cationic molecules on foodborne pathogens.	antibacterial effects of various arginine- and lysine-rich polycationic proteins and polymers were evaluated by broth and solid dilution assay on a range of foodborne pathogens, gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. the minimum inhibitory concentration (mic) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (mbc) of α-poly-l-lysine (poly-lys), α-poly-l-arginine (poly-arg) and protamines from herring sperm (clupeine sulphate) and salmon sperm (salmine sulphate) were determined on bacillus subtilis, ...	2007	27517822
influence of environmental factors on phage-bacteria interaction and on the efficacy and infectivity of phage p100.	when using bacteriophages to control food-borne bacteria in food production plants and processed food, it is crucial to consider that environmental conditions influence their stability. these conditions can also affect the physiological state of bacteria and consequently host-virus interaction and the effectiveness of the phage ability to reduce bacteria numbers. in this study we investigated the stability, binding, and replication capability of phage p100 and its efficacy to control listeria mo ...	2016	27516757
chitosan grafted monomethyl fumaric acid as a potential food preservative.	the present study aims at in vitro antibacterial and antioxidant activity evaluation of chitosan modified with monomethyl fumaric acid (mfa) using 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (edc) as mediator. three different kinds of chitosan derivatives ch-ds-1,ch-ds-2 and ch-ds-3 were synthesized by feeding different concentration of mfa. the chemical structures of resulting materials were characterized by (1)h nmr, (13)c nmr, hr-xrd, ft-ir and tnbs assay. the results showed that ch-ds-1, ...	2016	27516253
review of prosthetic joint infection from listeria monocytogenes.	prosthetic joint infection from listeria monocytogenes is rare. we decided to shed light on this illness and review the reported cases to better understand its characteristics.	2016	27513716
impact of food model (micro)structure on the microbial inactivation efficacy of cold atmospheric plasma.	the large potential of cold atmospheric plasma (cap) for food decontamination has recently been recognized. room-temperature gas plasmas can decontaminate foods without causing undesired changes. this innovative technology is a promising alternative for treating fresh produce. however, more fundamental studies are needed before its application in the food industry. the impact of the food structure on cap decontamination efficacy of salmonella typhimurium and listeria monocytogenes was studied. c ...	2017	27507138
engineering a prototypic p-type atpase listeria monocytogenes ca(2+)-atpase 1 for single-molecule fret studies.	approximately 30% of the atp generated in the living cell is utilized by p-type atpase primary active transporters to generate and maintain electrochemical gradients across biological membranes. p-type atpases undergo large conformational changes during their functional cycle to couple atp hydrolysis in the cytoplasmic domains to ion transport across the membrane. the ca(2+)-atpase from listeria monocytogenes, lmca1, was found to be a suitable model of p-type atpases and was engineered to facili ...	2016	27501274
human placental and decidual organ cultures to study infections at the maternal-fetal interface.	the placenta shows a large degree of interspecies anatomic variability. to best understand biology and pathophysiology of the human placenta, it is imperative to design experiments using human cells and tissues. an advantage of organ culture is maintenance of three-dimensional (3d) structural organization and extracellular matrix. the goal of the method described here is successful establishment of ex vivo human gestational tissue organ cultures and their healthy culture maintenance for 72-96 hr ...	2016	27500727
evolution and diversity of listeria monocytogenes from clinical and food samples in shanghai, china.	listeria monocytogenes is a significant foodborne pathogen causing severe systemic infections in humans with high mortality rates. the objectives of this work were to establish a phylogenetic framework of l. monocytogenes from china and to investigate sequence diversity among different serotypes. we selected 17 l. monocytogenes strains recovered from patients and foods in china representing serotypes 1/2a, 1/2b, and 1/2c. draft genome sequences were determined using illumina miseq technique and ...	2016	27499751
internalization of listeria monocytogenes in whole avocado.	in recent years, tree fruits have emerged as a new concern for listeria monocytogenes contamination. the objective of the current study was to evaluate the potential internalization of l. monocytogenes from the surface of avocados into the edible portions of the fruit during certain postharvest practices simulated in a laboratory setting. one set of intact avocados was spot inoculated with l. monocytogenes on the stem scar, and the second set was hydrocooled in water contaminated with l. monocyt ...	2016	27497134
inhibition of listeria monocytogenes by buffered dry vinegar in reduced-sodium ready-to-eat uncured turkey stored at 4°c.	a reduced-sodium ready-to-eat (rte) uncured turkey was manufactured with buffered dry vinegar treatments to validate the inhibition of listeria monocytogenes and spoilage microflora and to determine the effects on sensory and quality attributes. samples were stored at 4°c for 12 weeks, and the study was independently replicated three times. two different five-strain inocula of l. monocytogenes obtained from different sources were used for evaluating the efficacy of the buffered dry vinegar treat ...	2016	27497127
effect of hydrogen peroxide in combination with minimal thermal treatment for reducing bacterial populations on cantaloupe rind surfaces and transfer to fresh-cut pieces.	surface structure and biochemical characteristics of bacteria and produce play a major role in how and where bacteria attach, complicating decontamination treatments. whole cantaloupe rind surfaces were inoculated with salmonella, escherichia coli o157:h7, and listeria monocytogenes at 10(7) cfu/ml. average population size of salmonella, escherichia coli o157:h7, and l. monocytogenes recovered after surface inoculation was 4.8 ± 0.12, 5.1 ± 0.14, and 3.6 ± 0.13 log cfu/cm(2), respectively. inocu ...	2016	27497118
quantitative image analysis to characterize the dynamics of listeria monocytogenes biofilms.	this work shows that the combination of two-dimensional (2d) and three-dimensional (3d) analyses of images acquired by confocal laser scanning microscopy facilitates the quantitative spatiotemporal characterization of architectures formed by listeria monocytogenes biofilms. in particular, the analysis of structural features such as maximum thickness, biovolume, areal porosity and maximum diffusion distance allowed elucidating differences in biofilm formation of three l. monocytogenes strains (l1 ...	2016	27494720
simultaneous identification of 13 foodborne pathogens by using capillary electrophoresis-single strand conformation polymorphism coupled with multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification and its application in foods.	capillary electrophoresis-single strand conformation polymorphism (ce-sscp) coupled with stuffer-free multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (mlpa) was developed to identify 13 species of foodborne pathogens simultaneously. species-specific mlpa probes were designed for nine of these species. these probes were targeted to the groel, glya, mms, tuf, inv, ipah, nuc, vvh, and 16s rrna genes, which corresponded to bacillus cereus, campylobacter coli, cronobacter sakazakii, enterococcus spp ...	2016	27494415
evaluation of the antioxidative, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory effects of the aloe fermentation supernatant containing lactobacillus plantarum hm218749.1.	little work is done to develop aloe vera (av) using probiotics. to explore the potential benefits, the antioxidant effects and the antibacterial effects on foodborne pathogens of aloe fermentation supernatant were evaluated in vitro. our results indicated that the aloe fermentation supernatant fermented by lactobacillus plantarum hm218749.1 had very strong scavenging capacities of the dpph (86%), o2 (•-) (85%), (•)oh (76%), and fe(2+) chelation (82%) and reducing powers (242.5 mg/l), and the inh ...	2016	27493450
isolation and characterization of atypical listeria monocytogenes associated with a canine urinary tract infection.	listeria monocytogenes, a well-described cause of encephalitis and abortion in ruminants and of food-borne illness in humans, is rarely associated with disease in companion animals. a case of urinary tract infection associated with an atypical, weakly hemolytic l. monocytogenes strain is described in a diabetic dog. the serotype of the l. monocytogenes isolate was determined to be 1/2a (3a), with the multilocus genotyping pattern 2.72_1/2a. a nucleotide substitution (gly145asp) was detected at r ...	2016	27493137
preparation of pectin/silver nanoparticles composite films with uv-light barrier and properties.	silver nanoparticles (agnps) was synthesized by a green method using an aqueous extract of caesalpinia mimosoides lamk (cmle) as reducing and stabilizing agents, and they were used for the preparation of pectin-based antimicrobial composite films. the agnps were spherical in shape with the size in the range of 20-80nm and showed the absorption peak around 500nm. the pectin/agnps composite film exhibited characteristic absorption peak of agnps at 480nm. the surface color and light transmittance o ...	2016	27492557
genome sequence of listeria monocytogenes strain hpb2088 (serotype 1/2a), an environmental isolate collected in canada in 1994.	listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen that causes severe illness. thus, ongoing efforts at real-time whole-genome sequencing are of utmost importance. however, it is also important that retrospective analyses that place these data into context be performed. here, we present the genome sequence of strain hpb2088, which was collected in 1994.	2016	27491990
fructose 1,6-bisphosphate aldolase, a novel immunogenic surface protein on listeria species.	listeria monocytogenes is a ubiquitous food-borne pathogen, and its presence in food or production facilities highlights the importance of surveillance. increased understanding of the surface exposed antigens on listeria would provide potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets. in the present work, using mass spectrometry and genetic cloning, we show that fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase (fba) class ii in listeria species is the antigen target of the previously described mab-3f8. western and ...	2016	27489951
maltaricin cpn, a new class iia bacteriocin produced by carnobacterium maltaromaticum cpn isolated from mould-ripened cheese.	the purpose of this study was to isolate, characterize and determine the structure and the antibacterial activities of a bacteriocin produced by carnobacterium maltaromaticum cpn, a strain isolated from unpasteurized milk camembert cheese.	2016	27489131
listeria monocytogenes inhibits serotonin transporter in human intestinal caco-2 cells.	listeria monocytogenes is a gram-positive bacterium that can cause a serious infection. intestinal microorganisms have been demonstrated to contribute to intestinal physiology not only through immunological responses but also by modulating the intestinal serotonergic system. serotonin (5-ht) is a neuromodulator that is synthesized in the intestinal epithelium and regulates the whole intestinal physiology. the serotonin transporter (sert), located in enterocytes, controls intestinal 5-ht availabi ...	2016	27488594
modeling the effect of temperature on survival rate of listeria monocytogenes in yogurt.	the aim of the study was to (i) evaluate the behavior of listeria monocytogenes in a commercially produced yogurt, (ii) determine the survival/inactivation rates of l. monocytogenes during cold storage of yogurt and (iii) to generate primary and secondary mathematical models to predict the behavior of these bacteria during storage at different temperatures. the samples of yogurt were inoculated with the mixture of three l. monocytogenes strains and stored at 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15°c for 16 days. the ...	2016	27487505
detection of listeria monocytogenes in csf from three patients with meningoencephalitis by next-generation sequencing.	encephalitis caused by listeria monocytogenes (l. monocytogenes) is rare but sometimes fatal. early diagnosis is difficult using routine cerebrospinal fluid (csf) tests, while next-generation sequencing (ngs) is increasingly being used for the detection and characterization of pathogens.	2016	27486935
exploring the diversity and antimicrobial potential of marine actinobacteria from the comau fjord in northern patagonia, chile.	bioprospecting natural products in marine bacteria from fjord environments are attractive due to their unique geographical features. although, actinobacteria are well known for producing a myriad of bioactive compounds, investigations regarding fjord-derived marine actinobacteria are scarce. in this study, the diversity and biotechnological potential of actinobacteria isolated from marine sediments within the comau fjord, in northern chilean patagonia, were assessed by culture-based approaches. ...	2016	27486455
thusin, a novel two-component lantibiotic with potent antimicrobial activity against several gram-positive pathogens.	due to the rapidly increasing prevalence of multidrug-resistant bacterial strains, the need for new antimicrobial drugs to treat infections has become urgent. bacteriocins, which are antimicrobial peptides of bacterial origin, are considered potential alternatives to conventional antibiotics and have attracted widespread attention in recent years. among these bacteriocins, lantibiotics, especially two-component lantibiotics, exhibit potent antimicrobial activity against some clinically relevant ...	2016	27486447
quality attributes and microbial survival on whole cantaloupes with antimicrobial coatings containing chitosan, lauric arginate, cinnamon oil and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid.	cantaloupes are susceptible to microbiological contamination in pre- or postharvest environments. novel intervention strategies, such as antimicrobial coatings, are needed to improve the microbiological safety of cantaloupes. the objective of this study was to prepare whole cantaloupes coated with mixtures containing chitosan, lauric arginate (lae), cinnamon oil (co), and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (edta) and determine survival characteristics of inoculated foodborne pathogens during storag ...	2016	27484251
genotypic and virulence characteristics of listeria monocytogenes recovered from food items in lebanon.	listeria monocytogenes is the agent of listeriosis, a life threatening foodborne disease for immunocompromised patients and pregnant women. this bacterium is not routinely screened for in lebanon and there is lack of data about the prevalent strains and their potential pathogenicity. to that purpose, this study was undertaken to characterize l. monocytogenes from various food products, by assessing the in vitro biofilm forming ability, detecting their virulence potential, and characterizing them ...	2016	27482802
secretion chaperones prsa2 and htra are required for listeria monocytogenes replication following intracellular induction of virulence factor secretion.	the gram-positive bacterium listeria monocytogenes transitions from an environmental organism to an intracellular pathogen following its ingestion by susceptible mammalian hosts. bacterial replication within the cytosol of infected cells requires activation of the central virulence regulator prfa followed by a prfa-dependent induction of secreted virulence factors. the prfa-induced secreted chaperone prsa2 and the chaperone/protease htra contribute to the folding and stability of select proteins ...	2016	27481256
reduced susceptibilities to biocides and resistance to antibiotics in food-associated bacteria following exposure to quaternary ammonium compounds.	our aim was to assess the effects of step-wise exposure to didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (ddac) on the antimicrobial (antibiotics and biocides) susceptibilities of food-associated bacterial strains.	2016	27481186
effect of nisin and perilla oil combination against listeria monocytogenes and staphylococcus aureus in milk.	in the present study, in vitro interaction of nisin and perilla oil (po) against 20 food-borne isolates of l. monocytogenes and s. aureus were assessed using a checkerboard microdilution method. synergism was observed in tested strains with the fractional inhibitory concentration indexs (ficis) ranges from 0.125-0.25 and 0.19-0.375, respectively. scanning electron microscopy was carried out to investigate the effect of nisin and po on the integrity of cell wall and membrane of l. monocytogenes a ...	2016	27478220
antilisterial effects of antibacterial formulations containing essential oils, nisin, nitrite and organic acid salts in a sausage model.	this study was conducted to evaluate the effects of sixteen antibacterial formulations against listeria monocytogenes in a sausage model using a standard experimental design with 4 independent factors at 2 levels (2(4)). four independent factors consisted of nisin (12.5-25 ppm), nitrite (100-200 ppm) and organic acid salts (1.55-3.1 %) and the mixture of chinese cinnamon and cinnamon bark essential oils (eos) (0.025-0.05 %). based on the analysis, utilization of low (0.025 %) or high concentrati ...	2016	27478218
in vitro safety assessments and antimicrobial activities of lactobacillus rhamnosus strains isolated from a fermented mare's milk.	safety and probiotic characteristics such as antimicrobial activities of three lactobacillus rhamnosus strains, fsmm15, fsmm22 and fsmm26, previously isolated as potential probiotics from fermented mare's milk were investigated. the three fsmm strains were susceptible to ampicillin, gentamycin, kanamycin, streptomycin, tetracycline and chloramphenicol, whereas they were resistant to erythromycin (minimal inhibitory concentration (mic) = 4-8 µg/ml) and clindamycin (mic = 4 µg/ml); bioconversion o ...	2017	27476815
innate and adaptive immunologic functions of complement in the host response to listeria monocytogenes infection.	listeria monocytogenes is a leading cause of foodborne-illness associated mortality that has attracted considerable attention in recent years due to several significant outbreaks. it has also served as a model organism for the study of intracellular pathogens. for these reasons the host response to l. monocytogenes has long been the subject of investigation. a potent innate and adaptive immune response is required for containment and clearance of l. monocytogenes. however, some elements of this ...	2016	27476791
fast and sensitive detection of foodborne pathogen using electrochemical impedance analysis, urease catalysis and microfluidics.	early screening of pathogenic bacteria is a key to prevent and control of foodborne diseases. in this study, we developed a fast and sensitive bacteria detection method integrating electrochemical impedance analysis, urease catalysis with microfluidics and using listeria as model. the listeria cells, the anti-listeria monoclonal antibodies modified magnetic nanoparticles (mnps), and the anti-listeria polyclonal antibodies and urease modified gold nanoparticles (aunps) were incubated in a fluidic ...	2016	27476059
antimicrobial resistance, virulence profile, and molecular characterization of listeria monocytogenes isolated from ready-to-eat food in china, 2013-2014.	we aimed to investigate the potential pathogenic profile and antibiotic resistance of listeria monocytogenes isolated from ready-to-eat food in china. antimicrobial resistance was determined by broth microdilution following the clinical and laboratory standards institute protocol. molecular serotyping, virulence, and resistance genes were identified using pcr. multi-locus sequence typing was performed on resistant strains. a total of 11.53% (113/980) isolates were resistant, from which 82.3% (93 ...	2016	27470106
nitrite formation from vegetable sources and its use as a preservative in cooked sausage.	due to the potential health risk associated with nitrites, nitrite alternatives from natural sources in meat products have been investigated. we compared the nitrate contents of young radish, lettuce and commercial vegetable powder (cabbage and chinese cabbage). we also investigated the effect of incubation time and salt addition on vegetable nitrite formation from vegetable sources. the antioxidant and antimicrobial effects of vegetable nitrite in cooked sausage were also compared with sodium n ...	2017	27469979
mycotic abdominal aortic aneurysm due to listeria monocytogenes.		2017	27469417
biofilm formation and disinfectant susceptibility of persistent and nonpersistent listeria monocytogenes isolates from gorgonzola cheese processing plants.	the aim of this study was to investigate whether the biofilm-forming ability and/or the disinfectant susceptibility accounted for the persistence of listeria monocytogenes in gorgonzola cheese processing plants. for this purpose, a set of 16 l. monocytogenes isolates collected in the 2004-2007 period was analyzed, including 11 persistent isolates collected in different years, within the collection period, and displaying identical or highly correlated pulsotypes. the evaluation of biofilm-forming ...	2016	27462729
sublethal concentrations of antibiotics cause shift to anaerobic metabolism in listeria monocytogenes and induce phenotypes linked to antibiotic tolerance.	the human pathogenic bacterium listeria monocytogenes is exposed to antibiotics both during clinical treatment and in its saprophytic lifestyle. as one of the keys to successful treatment is continued antibiotic sensitivity, the purpose of this study was to determine if exposure to sublethal antibiotic concentrations would affect the bacterial physiology and induce antibiotic tolerance. transcriptomic analyses demonstrated that each of the four antibiotics tested caused an antibiotic-specific ge ...	2016	27462313
differentiation of distinct long-lived memory cd4 t cells in intestinal tissues after oral listeria monocytogenes infection.	mucosal antigen-specific cd4 t-cell responses to intestinal pathogens remain incompletely understood. here we examined the cd4 t-cell response after oral infection with an internalin a 'murinized' listeria monocytogenes (lm). oral lm infection induced a robust endogenous listeriolysin o (llo)-specific cd4 t-cell response with distinct phenotypic and functional characteristics in the intestine. circulating llo-specific cd4 t cells transiently expressed the 'gut-homing' integrin α4β7 and accumulat ...	2017	27461178
listeria monocytogenes and the inflammasome: from cytosolic bacteriolysis to tumor immunotherapy.	inflammasomes are cytosolic innate immune surveillance systems that recognize a variety of danger signals, including those from pathogens. listeria monocytogenes is a gram-positive intracellular bacterium evolved to live within the harsh environment of the host cytosol. further, l. monocytogenes can activate a robust cell-mediated immune response that is being harnessed as an immunotherapeutic platform. access to the cytosol is critical for both causing disease and inducing a protective immune r ...	2016	27460808
the small colony variant of listeria monocytogenes is more tolerant to antibiotics and has altered survival in raw 264.7 murine macrophages.	small colony variant (scv) cells of bacteria are a slow-growing phenotype that result from specific defects in the electron transport chain. they form pinpoint colonies on agar plates and have a variety of phenotypic characteristics, such as altered carbon metabolism, decreased toxin and lytic enzyme production, aminoglycoside resistance, and increased intracellular persistence. they are clinically relevant in staphylococcus aureus and pseudomonas aeruginosa, serving as a reservoir for recurrent ...	2016	27458449
f-type bacteriocins of listeria monocytogenes: a new class of phage tail-like structures reveals broad parallel coevolution between tailed bacteriophages and high-molecular-weight bacteriocins.	listeria monocytogenes is a significant foodborne human pathogen that can cause severe disease in certain high-risk individuals. l. monocytogenes is known to produce high-molecular-weight, phage tail-like bacteriocins, or "monocins," upon induction of the sos system. in this work, we purified and characterized monocins and found them to be a new class of f-type bacteriocins. the l. monocytogenes monocin genetic locus was cloned and expressed in bacillus subtilis, producing specifically targeted ...	2016	27457717
development of pla films containing oregano essential oil (origanum vulgare l. virens) intended for use in food packaging.	consumers' concerns about the environment and health have led to the development of new food packaging materials avoiding petroleum-based matrices and synthetic additives. the present study has developed polylactic acid (pla) films containing different concentrations of essential oil from origanum vulgare l. virens (oeo). the effectiveness of this new active packaging was checked for use in ready-to-eat salads. a plasticising effect was observed when oeo was incorporated in pla films. the rest o ...	2016	27455176
purification and characterization of a rabbit serum factor that kills listeria species and other foodborne bacterial pathogens.	in an in-vitro assay, rabbit serum, but not human serum, killed listeria monocytogenes, a foodborne pathogen. the aim of our study was to purify and partially characterize this killing factor. listericidin was purified from rabbit serum by a single-step ion-exchange chromatography with deae-sephadex a-50 and its antimicrobial activity was assessed by a microdilution method. listericidin is a protein with a molecular weight of 9 kda and an isoelectric point of 8.1. it kills l. monocytogenes at 4° ...	2016	27455064
formicin - a novel broad-spectrum two-component lantibiotic produced by bacillus paralicheniformis apc 1576.	bacteriocins represent a rather underutilized class of antimicrobials despite often displaying activity against many drug-resistant pathogens. lantibiotics are a post-translationally modified class of bacteriocins, characterized by the presence of lanthionine and methyllanthionine bridges. in this study, a novel two-peptide lantibiotic was isolated and characterized. formicin was isolated from bacillus paralicheniformis apc 1576, an antimicrobial-producing strain originally isolated from the int ...	2016	27450592
genetic characterization of lactic acid bacteria isolated from tunisian milk waste and their antimicrobial activity against some bacteria implicated in nosocomial infections.	a total of 94 lactic acid bacteria (lab) were isolated from tunisian artisanal (ricotta cheese's whey) and industrial (bactofugate) milk waste, identified and then screened for their antimicrobial activity against some bacteria implicated on nosocomial infections.	2016	27449666
manipulation of host membranes by the bacterial pathogens listeria, francisella, shigella and yersinia.	bacterial pathogens display an impressive arsenal of molecular mechanisms that allow survival in diverse host niches. subversion of plasma membrane and cytoskeletal functions are common themes associated to infection by both extracellular and intracellular pathogens. moreover, intracellular pathogens modify the structure/stability of their membrane-bound compartments and escape degradation from phagocytic or autophagic pathways. here, we review the manipulation of host membranes by listeria mono ...	2016	27448494
artemisia arborescens essential oil composition, enantiomeric distribution, and antimicrobial activity from different wild populations from the mediterranean area.	aerial parts of artemisia arborescens were collected from different sites of the mediterranean area (southwestern algeria and southern italy) and the chemical composition of their essential oil (eo) extracted by hydrodistillation was studied by both gas chromatography (gc) equipped with an enantioselective capillary column and gc/mass spectrometry (gc/ms). the eos obtained were tested against several listeria monocytogenes strains. using gc and gc/ms, 41 compounds were identified, accounting for ...	2016	27447740
identification of the agr peptide of listeria monocytogenes.	listeria monocytogenes (lm) is an important food-borne human pathogen that is able to strive under a wide range of environmental conditions. its accessory gene regulator (agr) system was shown to impact on biofilm formation and virulence and has been proposed as one of the regulatory mechanisms involved in adaptation to these changing environments. the lm agr operon is homologous to the staphylococcus aureus system, which includes an agrd-encoded autoinducing peptide that stimulates expression o ...	2016	27446029
matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms) can precisely discriminate the lineages of listeria monocytogenes and species of listeria.	the genetic lineages of listeria monocytogenes and other species of the genus listeria are correlated with pathogenesis in humans. although matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (maldi-tof ms) has become a prevailing tool for rapid and reliable microbial identification, the precise discrimination of listeria species and lineages remains a crucial issue in clinical settings and for food safety. in this study, we constructed an accurate and reliable ms databa ...	2016	27442502
inactivation of salmonella enterica and listeria monocytogenes in cantaloupe puree by high hydrostatic pressure with/without added ascorbic acid.	the objective of this research was to evaluate and develop a method for inactivation of salmonella enterica and listeria monocytogenes in cantaloupe puree (cp) by high hydrostatic pressure (hhp). cantaloupe being the most netted varieties of melons presents a greater risk of pathogen transmission. freshly prepared cp with or without 0.1% ascorbic acid (aa) was inoculated with a bacterial cocktail composed of a three serotype mixture of s. enterica (s. poona, s. newport h1275 and s. stanley h0558 ...	2016	27441819
capture and concentration of viral and bacterial foodborne pathogens using apolipoprotein h.	the need for improved pathogen separation and concentration methods to reduce time-to-detection for foodborne pathogens is well recognized. apolipoprotein h (apoh) is an acute phase human plasma protein that has been previously shown to interact with viruses, lipopolysaccharides (lps) and bacterial proteins. the purpose of this study was to determine if apoh was capable of binding and efficiently capturing two representative human norovirus strains (gi.1 and gii.4), a cultivable surrogate, and f ...	2016	27439140
modulation of stat-1 in human macrophages infected with different species of intracellular pathogenic bacteria.	the infection of human macrophages by pathogenic bacteria induces different signaling pathways depending on the type of cellular receptors involved in the microorganism entry and on their mechanism(s) of survival and replication in the host cell. it was reported that stat proteins play an important role in this process. in the present study, we investigate the changes in stat-1 activation (phosphorylation in p-tyr701) after uptake of two gram-positive (listeria monocytogenes and staphylococcus a ...	2016	27437406
listeria monocytogenes cross-contamination of cheese: risk throughout the food supply chain.	listeria monocytogenes has been the most common microbial cause of cheese-related recalls in both the united states and canada in recent years. since l. monocytogenes is inactivated by pasteurization, the majority of these cases have been linked to environmental and cross-contamination of fresh-soft, soft-ripened, and semi-soft cheeses. cross-contamination of foods with l. monocytogenes is a continuous risk throughout the food supply chain and presents unique challenges for subsequent illness an ...	2016	27435307
growth differences and competition between listeria monocytogenes strains determine their predominance on ham slices and lead to bias during selective enrichment with the iso protocol.	listeria monocytogenes strains are widespread in the environment where they live well mixed, often resulting in multiple strains contaminating a single food sample. the occurrence of different strains in the same food might trigger strain competition, contributing to uneven growth of strains in food and to bias during selective procedures. we tested the growth of seven l. monocytogenes strains (c5, 6179, scotta, pl24, pl25, pl26, pl27) on ham slices and on nutrient-rich agar at 10°c, singly and ...	2016	27434679
application of lemongrass oil-containing polylactic acid films to the packaging of pork sausages.	polylactic acid (pla) is a biodegradable and renewable polymer, which represents a valuable alternative to plastic packaging films, often associated with environmental problems. in this study, we tested the suitability of pla as a biodegradable packaging film and assessed the antimicrobial activity of lemongrass oil (lo), incorporated into the pla film in different concentrations. to obtain the optimal physical properties for pla films, tensile strength, elongation at break, and water vapor perm ...	2016	27433114
listeria rhombencephalitis mimicking a demyelinating event in an immunocompetent young patient.	listeriosis caused by listeria monocytogenes (lm) is a potentially lethal foodborne infection of the central nervous system (cns) and the third most common cause of bacterial meningitis. foods most commonly implicated are soft cheeses, raw or ready-to-eat meat and pre-processed foods. the incubation time is between 11 and 70 days. rarely lm rhombencephalitis (re) can occur, which typically has a biphasic course with non- specific prodromal symptoms like fever, malaise, fatigue, headache, nausea ...	2017	27430683
potential of the polymer poly-[2-(tert-butylamino) methylstyrene] as antimicrobial packaging material for meat products.	the objective of the study was to investigate the antimicrobial potential of a new sam(®) polymer poly(tbams) as packaging material for meat products.	2016	27427869
duplex identification of staphylococcus aureus by aptamer and gold nanoparticles.	staphylococcus aureus is the top common pathogen causing infections and food poisoning. identification of s. aureus is crucial for the disease diagnosis and regulation of food hygiene. herein, we report an aptamer-aunps based method for duplex identification of s. aureus. using aunps as an indicator, sa23, an aptamer against s. aureus, can well identify its target from escherichia coli, listeria monocytogenes and pseudomonas aeruginosa. furthermore, we find citrate-coated aunps can strongly bind ...	2016	27427591
listeria monocytogenes endophthalmitis - case report and review of risk factors and treatment outcomes.	the majority of cases of endophthalmitis are caused by exogenous pathogens; only 5-10 % are of endogenous origin. one cause of these rare cases of endogenous endophthalmitis is listeria monocytogenes. twenty-six cases of endophthalmitis due to this pathogen have been published over the last twenty years. the aim of this review is to summarize the main risk factors and common clinical findings of endogenous endophthalmitis due to listeria monocytogenes.	2016	27424034
three novel c1q domain containing proteins from the disk abalone haliotis discus discus: genomic organization and analysis of the transcriptional changes in response to bacterial pathogens.	the globular c1q (gc1q) domain containing proteins, commonly referred as c1q domain containing (c1qdc) proteins, are an essential family of proteins involved in various innate immune responses. in this study, three novel c1qdc proteins were identified from the disk abalone (haliotis discus discus) transcriptome database and designated as abc1qdc1, abc1qdc2, and abc1qdc3. the cdna sequences of abc1qdc1, abc1qdc2, and abc1qdc3 consisted of 807, 1305, and 660 bp open reading frames (orfs) encoding ...	2016	27417231
an in vivo selection identifies listeria monocytogenes genes required to sense the intracellular environment and activate virulence factor expression.	listeria monocytogenes is an environmental saprophyte and facultative intracellular bacterial pathogen with a well-defined life-cycle that involves escape from a phagosome, rapid cytosolic growth, and acta-dependent cell-to-cell spread, all of which are dependent on the master transcriptional regulator prfa. the environmental cues that lead to temporal and spatial control of l. monocytogenes virulence gene expression are poorly understood. in this study, we took advantage of the robust up-regula ...	2016	27414028
salad poisoning.	prepackaged salads may be a source of listeria monocytogenes food poisoning.	1988	27413950
bacteriocinogenic bacteria isolated from raw goat milk and goat cheese produced in the center of méxico.	currently, there are few reports on the isolation of microorganisms from goat milk and goat cheese that have antibacterial activity. in particular, there are no reports on the isolation of microorganisms with antibacterial activity from these products in central mexico. our objective was to isolate bacteria, from goat products, that synthesized antimicrobial peptides with activity against a variety of clinically significant bacteria. we isolated and identified lactobacillus rhamnosus, l. plantar ...	2016	27407294
[pi3-kinase activation is critical for host barrier permissiveness to listeria monocytogenes].		2016	27406757
tlr and tnf-r1 activation of the mkk3/mkk6-p38α axis in macrophages is mediated by tpl-2 kinase.	previous studies suggested that toll-like receptor (tlr) stimulation of the p38α map kinase (mapk) is mediated by transforming growth factor-β-activated kinase 1 (tak1) activation of mapk kinases, mkk3, mkk4 and mkk6. we used quantitative mass spectrometry to monitor tumour progression locus 2 (tpl-2)-dependent protein phosphorylation following tlr4 stimulation with lipopolysaccharide, comparing macrophages from wild-type mice and map3k8(d270a/d270a) mice expressing catalytically inactive tpl-2 ...	2016	27402796
il-17a-producing resident memory γδ t cells orchestrate the innate immune response to secondary oral listeria monocytogenes infection.	memory γδ t cells are important for the clearance of listeria monocytogenes infection in the intestinal mucosa. however, the mechanisms by which memory γδ t cells provide protection against secondary oral infection are poorly understood. here we used a recombinant strain of l. monocytogenes that efficiently invades the intestinal epithelium to show that vγ4(+) memory γδ t cells represent a resident memory (trm) population in the mesenteric lymph nodes (mlns). the γδ trm exhibited a remarkably st ...	2016	27402748
two novel members of the lhrc family of small rnas in listeria monocytogenes with overlapping regulatory functions but distinctive expression profiles.	multicopy small rnas (srnas) have gained recognition as an important feature of bacterial gene regulation. in the human pathogen listeria monocytogenes, 5 homologous srnas, called lhrc1-5, control gene expression by base pairing to target mrnas though 3 conserved uccc motifs common to all 5 lhrcs. we show here that the srnas rli22 and rli33-1 are structurally and functionally related to lhrc1-5, expanding the lhrc family to 7 members, which makes it the largest multicopy srna family reported so ...	2016	27400116
influence of food intrinsic complexity on listeria monocytogenes growth in/on vacuum-packed model systems at suboptimal temperatures.	food intrinsic factors e.g., food (micro)structure, compositional and physicochemical aspects, which are mutually dependent, influence microbial growth. while the effect of composition and physicochemical properties on microbial growth has been thoroughly assessed and characterised, the role of food (micro)structure still remains unravelled. most studies on food (micro)structure focus on comparing planktonic growth in liquid (microbiological) media with colonial growth in/on solid-like systems o ...	2016	27393885
bacterial meningitis in solid organ transplant recipients: a population-based prospective study.	solid organ transplant (sot) recipients are at risk of infections of the central nervous system. however, the incidence and clinical course of bacterial meningitis in sot recipients are unclear. we studied occurrence, disease course, and prognosis of bacterial meningitis in sot recipients in the netherlands.	2016	27385317
rapid detection and isolation of escherichia coli o104:h4 from milk using monoclonal antibody-coated magnetic beads.	monoclonal antibodies (mabs) specific for the lipopolysaccharide (lps) of escherichia coli o104:h4 were produced by fusion of sp2/o-ag-14 mouse myeloma cells with spleen cells of balb/c mice, immunized with heat-inactivated and sonicated e. coli o104:h4 bacterial cells. four mabs specific for the e. coli o104:h4 lps (1e6g6, 1f4c9, 3g6g7, and 4g10d2) were characterized and evaluated for the use in a method for the detection of e. coli o104:h4 in milk samples that involves antibody conjugation to ...	2016	27379071
cyclic di-amp targets the cystathionine beta-synthase domain of the osmolyte transporter opuc.	cellular turgor is of fundamental importance to bacterial growth and survival. changes in external osmolarity as a consequence of fluctuating environmental conditions and colonization of diverse environments can significantly impact cytoplasmic water content, resulting in cellular lysis or plasmolysis. to ensure maintenance of appropriate cellular turgor, bacteria import ions and small organic osmolytes, deemed compatible solutes, to equilibrate cytoplasmic osmolarity with the extracellular envi ...	2016	27378384
a human pathogenic bacterial infection model using the two-spotted cricket, gryllus bimaculatus.	invertebrate animal species that can withstand temperatures as high as 37°c, the human body temperature, are limited. in the present study, we utilized the two-spotted cricket, gryllus bimaculatus, which lives in tropical and subtropical regions, as an animal model of human pathogenic bacterial infection. injection of pseudomonas aeruginosa or staphylococcus aureus into the hemolymph killed crickets. injected p. aeruginosa or s. aureus proliferated in the hemolymph until the cricket died. the ab ...	2016	27377894
survival and growth of listeria monocytogenes on whole cantaloupes is dependent on site of contamination and storage temperature.	whole cantaloupes (cucumis melo l.), marketed as 'rocky ford', were implicated in a large multi-state outbreak of listeriosis in the united states in 2011; however, survival and growth of listeria monocytogenes on whole cantaloupes remains relatively unexplored. the research presented here evaluated three different storage temperatures, two sites of contamination of cantaloupes, and two cantaloupe varieties to determine their effect on the survival of l. monocytogenes. 'athena' and 'rocky ford' ...	2016	27376678
in vitro and in vivo probiotic assessment of leuconostoc mesenteroides p45 isolated from pulque, a mexican traditional alcoholic beverage.	pulque is a mexican traditional alcoholic, non-distilled, fermented beverage produced by the fermentation of the sap, known as aguamiel, extracted from several maguey (agave) species. pulque has traditionally been considered a healthy beverage due to its nutrient content and also a traditional medicine for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders and intestinal infections. during pulque fermentation, the development of acidity, alcohol and viscosity define its final sensorial properties, deve ...	2016	27375977
use of potential probiotic lactic acid bacteria (lab) biofilms for the control of listeria monocytogenes, salmonella typhimurium, and escherichia coli o157:h7 biofilms formation.	use of probiotic biofilms can be an alternative approach for reducing the formation of pathogenic biofilms in food industries. the aims of this study were (i) to evaluate the probiotic properties of bacteriocinogenic (lactococcus lactis vb69, l. lactis vb94, lactobacillus sakei mbsa1, and lactobacillus curvatus mbsa3) and non-bacteriocinogenic (l. lactis 368, lactobacillus helveticus 354, lactobacillus casei 40, and weissela viridescens 113) lactic acid bacteria (lab) isolated from brazilian's f ...	2016	27375584
listeria ivanovii infection in mice: restricted to the liver and lung with limited replication in the spleen.	listeria monocytogenes (lm) vectors have shown much promise in delivery of viral and tumor antigens for the development of vaccines. l. ivanovii (li) is a closely related bacterium with a similar intracellular life cycle that may offer advantages over lm because it is not a human pathogen, but can infect other animal species. recent studies show that recombinant li expressing mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens is effective in inducing protective immunity in mouse models, demonstrating the poten ...	2016	27375558
antilisterial peptides from spanish dry-cured hams: purification and identification.	the typical spanish dry-cured ham has a particular sensory quality that makes it a distinctive food, highly appreciated for consumers worldwide. its particular physicochemical properties, such as high salt content and reduced water activity contribute to their shelf-stability. however, post-processing actions carried out for the commercialization of these products such as slicing may increase the risk of development of pathogenic microorganisms as listeria monocytogenes. during ripening, muscle ...	2016	27375254
survival of foodborne pathogens in natural cracked olive brines.	this work reports the survival (challenge tests) of foodborne pathogen species (escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus, listeria monocytogenes, and salmonella enterica) in aloreña de málaga table olive brines. the inhibitions were fit using a log-linear model with tail implemented in ginafit excel software. the olive brine had a considerable inhibitory effect on the pathogens. the residual (final) populations (fp) after 24 h was below detection limit (<1.30 log10 cfu/ml) for all species assayed ...	2016	27375250
chitosan boosts the antimicrobial activity of origanum vulgare essential oil in modified atmosphere packaged pork.	the potential of chitosan as a possible booster of the antimicrobial activity of origanum vulgare eo (oeo) against spoilage bacteria and listeria monocytogenes was investigated in fresh pork meat. pork fillets were inoculated with 3 l. monocytogenes strains, dipped either in origanum vulgare (oregano) essential oil (oeo) at 2 and 4%, or in chitosan 1% alone or added with 2 and 4% oeo, then packed under modified atmosphere (70% o2, 20% co2, 10% n2) and stored at 4 °c for 15 days. oeo did not redu ...	2016	27375241
potential for transfer of escherichia coli o157:h7, listeria monocytogenes and salmonella senftenberg from contaminated food waste derived compost and anaerobic digestate liquid to lettuce plants.	the diversion of food wastes from landfill to sustainable disposal methods, such as composting and anaerobic digestion, has led to an increase in the soil amendment products that are now commercially available and which are derived from both of these processes. the use of such products as soil amendments during the production of ready-to-eat (rte) crops is increasing worldwide. the aim of this study was to investigate the potential of three well-recognised bacterial pathogens of importance to pu ...	2016	27375239
listeria monocytogenes meningitis in the elderly: epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic findings.	listeria monocytogenes is a gram-positive bacillus and facultative intracellular bacterium whose transmission occurs mainly through the consumption of contaminated food, l. monocytogenes invades the host cells using various protein and can escape to the human t-cell immune system by cell-to-cell spreading. if the infection is not controlled at the stage in which the bacterium is in the liver, for instance, due to a severe immunodepression, a secondary bacteraemia can be developed and l. monocyto ...	2016	27367319
bioactive packaging using antioxidant extracts for the prevention of microbial food-spoilage.	bioactive food packaging is an innovative approach for the prevention of the growth of food-spoilage microorganisms. four active extracts from agroindustrial subproducts (eucalyptus wood, almond shells, corn cobs and grape pomace) with demonstrated antioxidant activity have been investigated for bestowing antimicrobial activity to bioactive packaging. to carry out this evaluation, the antioxidant extracts were tested against five food pathogenic bacteria, namely, escherichia coli, pseudomonas ae ...	2016	27363903
microbial indicator profiling of fresh produce and environmental samples from farms and packing facilities in northern mexico.	to compare microbiological indicator and pathogen contamination among different types of fresh produce and environmental samples along the production chain, 636 samples of produce (rinsates from cantaloupe melons, jalapeño peppers, and tomatoes) and environmental samples (rinsates from hands of workers, soil, and water) were collected at four successive steps in the production process (from the field before harvest through the packing facility) on 11 farms in northern mexico during 2011 and 2012 ...	2016	27357040
effect of grapefruit seed extract on thermal inactivation of listeria monocytogenes during sous-vide processing of two marinated mexican meat entrées.	d- and z-values for listeria monocytogenes were obtained for two mexican meat entrées: pork meat marinated in tomatillo (green tomato) sauce (pts) and beef marinated in a red chili sauce (brcs), with addition of 0, 200, and 800 ppm of grapefruit seed extract (gse). meat samples inoculated with l. monocytogenes were packaged in sterile bags, immersed in a water bath, and held at 55, 57.5, 60, and 62.5°c for different periods of time. depending upon the temperature, d-values at 0 ppm of gse ranged ...	2016	27357037
changes in aerobic plate and escherichia coli-coliform counts and in populations of inoculated foodborne pathogens on inshell walnuts during storage.	after harvest, inshell walnuts are dried using low-temperature forced air and are then stored in bins or silos for up to 1 year. to better understand the survival of bacteria on inshell walnuts, aerobic plate counts (apcs) and escherichia coli?coliform counts (eccs) were evaluated during commercial storage (10 to 12°c and 63 to 65% relative humidity) over 9 months. apcs decreased by 1.4 to 2.0 log cfu per nut during the first 5 months of storage, and eccs decreased by 1.3 to 2.2 log cfu per nut ...	2016	27357033
listeria monocytogenes in retail delicatessens: an interagency risk assessment-risk mitigations.	cross-contamination, improper holding temperatures, and insufficient sanitary practices are known retail practices that may lead to product contamination and growth of listeria monocytogenes. however, the relative importance of control options to mitigate the risk of invasive listeriosis from ready-to-eat (rte) products sliced or prepared at retail is not well understood. this study illustrates the utility of a quantitative risk assessment model described in a first article of this series (pouil ...	2016	27357026
expansion of amphibian intronless interferons revises the paradigm for interferon evolution and functional diversity.	interferons (ifns) are key cytokines identified in vertebrates and evolutionary dominance of intronless ifn genes in amniotes is a signature event in ifn evolution. for the first time, we show that the emergence and expansion of intronless ifn genes is evident in amphibians, shown by 24-37 intronless ifn genes in each frog species. amphibian ifns represent a molecular complex more complicated than those in other vertebrate species, which revises the established model of ifn evolution to facilita ...	2016	27356970
effect of glucose on listeria monocytogenes biofilm formation, and assessment of the biofilm's sanitation tolerance.	listeria monocytogenes is an important cause of human foodborne infections and its ability to form biofilms is a serious concern to the food industry. to reveal the effect of glucose conditions on biofilm formation of l. monocytogenes, 20 strains were investigated under three glucose conditions (0.1, 1.0, and 2.0% w v(-1)) by quantifying the number of cells in the biofilm and observing the biofilm structure after incubation for 24, 72, and 168 h. in addition, the biofilms were examined for their ...	2016	27353113
dual-track clearance of circulating bacteria balances rapid restoration of blood sterility with induction of adaptive immunity.	efficient clearance of bacteremia prevents life-threatening disease. platelet binding to intravascular bacteria, a process involving platelet glycoprotein gpib and bacterial opsonization with activated complement c3, influences blood clearance and anti-infective immunity. using intravital microscopy of the bloodstream of mice infected with listeria monocytogenes, we show that bacterial clearance is not a uniform process but a "dual-track" mechanism consisting of parallel "fast" and "slow" pathwa ...	2016	27345696
[rhomboencephalitis and endocarditis caused by listeria monocytogenes: an unreported association].		2016	27345281
photo-enhancement of macrophage phagocytic activity via rac1-mediated signaling pathway: implications for bacterial infection.	phagocytosis and the subsequent destruction of invading pathogens by macrophages are indispensable steps in host immune responses to microbial infections. low-power laser irradiation (lpli) has been found to exert photobiological effects on immune responses, but the signaling mechanisms underlying this photobiomodulation of phagocytosis remains largely unknown. here, we demonstrated for the first time that lpli enhanced the phagocytic activity of macrophages by stimulating the activation of rac1 ...	2016	27345261