Publications

pulmonary arteriopathy and idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension in six dogs.	pulmonary arteriopathy (pa) is the pathologic hallmark in human medicine of diffuse constrictive (medial and intimal remodeling) or multifocal complex (plexiform and dilatative lesions) arterial lesions, or both, that lead to irreversible obliteration of the arterial lumen. clinically, pa leads to pulmonary arterial hypertension (pah), of which idiopathic (ipah) is one of the 5 subsets, and ultimately, to right-sided heart failure (rhf). clinical and pathologic findings from 6 dogs with diagnosi ...	2006	16846993
governing stem cell research in california and the usa: towards a social infrastructure.	owing to the restrictive human embryonic stem cell (hesc) policies of the us government, the question of whether to pursue human embryonic stem cell experiments has dominated the ethical and political discourse concerning such research. explicit attention must now turn to problems of implementing the research on a large scale: in the 2004 us elections, california voters approved a state initiative for stem cell research, earmarking $3 billion in direct spending over 10 years. this article explor ...	2006	16843559
a framework for assessing the impact of land use policy on community exposure to air toxics.	our research focuses on the linkage between land use planning policy and the spatial pattern of exposure to air toxics emissions. our objective is to develop a modeling framework for assessment of the community health risk implications of land use policy. the modeling framework is not intended to be a regulatory tool for small-scale land use decisions, but a long-range planning tool to assess the community health risk implications of alternative land use scenarios at a regional or subregional sc ...	2007	16842900
widespread occurrence of phage-encoded exotoxin genes in terrestrial and aquatic environments in southern california.	many human diseases are caused by pathogens that produce exotoxins. the genes that encode these exotoxins are frequently encoded by mobile dna elements such as plasmids or phage. mobile dna elements can move exotoxin genes among microbial hosts, converting avirulent bacteria into pathogens. phage and bacteria from water, soil, and sediment environments represent a potential reservoir of phage- and plasmid-encoded exotoxin genes. the genes encoding exotoxins that are the causes of cholera, diphth ...	2006	16842371
the safety and efficacy of dose-sparing intradermal administration of influenza vaccine in human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients.		2006	16832008
using forest inventory data to assess fisher resting habitat suitability in california.	the fisher (martes pennanti) is a forest-dwelling carnivore whose current distribution and association with late-seral forest conditions make it vulnerable to stand-altering human activities or natural disturbances. fishers select a variety of structures for daily resting bouts. these habitat elements, together with foraging and reproductive (denning) habitat, constitute the habitat requirements of fishers. we develop a model capable of predicting the suitability of fisher resting habitat using ...	2006	16826999
to reveal the genomes.		2006	16826511
tides 2006--ibc conference. oligonucleotide and peptide technology and product development. 1-3 may 2006, carlsbad, ca, usa.		2006	16821153
human bocavirus: prevalence and clinical spectrum at a children's hospital.	molecular methods of pathogen discovery have recently led to the description of several new respiratory viruses. human bocavirus (hbov), a proposed member of the family parvoviridae, is one of the most recently described respiratory viruses. initial reports indicate that hbov is a common cause of respiratory tract infection in children.	2006	16804840
hepatitis and human immunodeficiency virus co-infection among injection drug users in los angeles county, california.	this study examined the prevalence of hepatitis a (hav), b (hbv), c (hcv), and human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) co-infection among injection drug users (idus) in los angeles county, california, and predictors of multiple infections in this population. six hundred seventy-nine idus were recruited from october 2002 through june 2004. participants completed questionnaires to elicit demographic, drug and sex risk information, and were tested for hepatitis a, b, c and hiv.a linear regression model ...	2006	16785216
yuan-cheng fung: a scientific giant and a kind man.		2004	16783942
yerkes, hamilton and the experimental study of the ape mind: from evolutionary psychiatry to eugenic politics.	robert yerkes is a pivotal figure in american psychology and primatology in the first half of the twentieth century. as is well known, yerkes first studied ape intelligence in 1915, on a visit to the private california laboratory of the psychiatrist gilbert hamilton, a former student. less widely appreciated is how far the work done at the hamilton lab, in its aims and ambitions as well as its techniques, served as a template for much of yerkes's research thereafter. this paper uses the hamilton ...	2006	16769560
development of a health-protective drinking water level for perchlorate.	we evaluated animal and human toxicity data for perchlorate and identified reduction of thyroidal iodide uptake as the critical end point in the development of a health-protective drinking water level [also known as the public health goal (phg)] for the chemical. this work was performed under the drinking water program of the office of environmental health hazard assessment of the california environmental protection agency. for dose-response characterization, we applied benchmark-dose modeling t ...	2006	16759989
effects of transdermal testosterone administration on insulin sensitivity, fat mass and distribution, and markers of inflammation and thrombolysis in human immunodeficiency virus-infected women with mild to moderate weight loss.	to determine the effects of raising serum t levels into the high normal female range by transdermal t administration on insulin sensitivity, fat volume, and markers of inflammation and thrombolysis in hiv-infected women with recent weight loss.	2006	16759927
'death sentence' for alvarado? federal exclusion could force hospital to be closed or sold.		2006	16752860
twenty-five years of hiv/aids--united states, 1981-2006.	on june 5, 1981, mmwr published a report of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in five previously healthy young men in los angeles, california. these cases were later recognized as the first reported cases of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) in the united states. since that time, this disease has become one of the greatest public health challenges both nationally and globally. human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and aids have claimed the lives of more than 22 million persons worldwide, inclu ...	2006	16741493
pilot measurements of elf contact currents in some electric utility occupations.	contact currents from touching objects with different voltages can produce electric fields within the body that produce neurological and other biological effects. to begin measuring these exposures among electric utility workers, a new contact current meter (ccm) was tested in a pilot study at southern california edison. the ccm was worn for 82 full-shift measurements by 76 volunteers from eight occupations who did not work directly with energized electrical equipment. the volunteers were expose ...	2006	16718950
taking the least of you: most of us have tissue or blood samples on file somewhere, whether we know it or not. what we don't typically know is what research they are being used for or how much money is being made from them. and science may want to keep things that way.		2006	16715570
illnesses related to shank application of metam-sodium, arvin, california, july 2002.	to evaluate the health effects of methyl isothiocyanate (mitc) and other byproducts resulting from the soil-incorporated (shank) application of 25,000 pounds of metam-sodium on july 8, 2002, near the community of arvin, california.	2005	16702121
el niño effects on influenza mortality risks in the state of california.	recent el niño events have emphasized the need to develop modelling techniques to assess climate-related health events. experts agree that climate changes affect the spread of infectious diseases and that the geographic range of infectious diseases may expand as a result of these changes. nevertheless, the world health modelling community cannot yet predict, with reasonable accuracy, when or where exactly these effects will occur or how large the threat of these diseases will be to particular po ...	2006	16697021
perceptions of human immunodeficiency virus testing services among hiv-positive persons not in medical care.		2006	16688101
sentencing. sentence enhancement upheld for man who bit officers.		2006	16676385
epidemiology and prevention.	the 2006 conference on retroviruses and opportunistic infections marked the 13th year of this conference and the 25th anniversary of the first published cases of aids in gay men in los angeles. as noted in the opening plenary session, hiv has likely been present in the human population since the 1930s, and therefore represents a relatively recent disease for humans. however, by the end of 2005, more than 40 million persons were estimated to be living with hiv infection, and 5 million new infecti ...	2006	16641523
geographical distribution patterns and habitat suitability models for presence of host-seeking ixodid ticks in dense woodlands of mendocino county, california.	we used drag sampling to examine the geographical distribution patterns of ixodid ticks engaging in open (non-nidicolous) host-seeking behavior in dense woodland habitats of the climatically and ecologically diverse mendocino county in north coastal california. the findings based on this sampling methodology reflect risk of human exposure to host-seeking ticks rather than the true distribution of the ticks. drag sampling in 78 sites yielded 7,860 nymphal or adult ixodes pacificus cooley & kohls, ...	2006	16619628
role of corvids in epidemiology of west nile virus in southern california.	the invasion of different southern california landscapes by west nile virus (wnv) and its subsequent amplification to epidemic levels during 2004 enabled us to study the impact of differing corvid populations in three biomes: the hot colorado desert with few corvids (coachella valley), the southern san joaquin valley (kern county) with large western scrub-jay but small american crow populations, and the cool maritime coast (los angeles) with a large clustered american crow population. similar su ...	2006	16619622
life history and seasonal abundance of fannia benjamini complex (diptera: muscidae) in southern california.	seasonal abundance and life history of fannia benjamini complex (diptera: muscidae) was studied in the coastal mountain community ofla habra heights in los angeles county, california, with additional observations in drier, inland mountains in the woodcrest area, riverside county. the dominant species (>95% of fly collections) was fannia conspicua malloch, whereas fannia benjamini malloch also was present. both species could be collected nearly year-round by netting adults (almost exclusively fem ...	2006	16619598
global challenges as inspiration: a classroom strategy to foster social responsibility.	social responsibility is at the heart of the engineer's creed embodied in the pledge that we will dedicate [our] professional knowledge and skill to the advancement and betterment of human welfare... [placing] public welfare above all other considerations. however, half century after the original creed was written, we find ourselves in a world with great technological advances and great global-scale technologically-enabled peril. these issues can be naturally integrated into the engineering curr ...	2006	16609724
genetic polymorphisms and susceptibility to lung disease.	susceptibility to infection by bacterium such as bacillus anthracis has a genetic basis in mice and may also have a genetic basis in humans. in the limited human cases of inhalation anthrax, studies suggest that not all individuals exposed to anthrax spores were infected, but rather, individuals with underlying lung disease, particularly asthma, sarcoidosis and tuberculosis, might be more susceptible. in this study, we determined if polymorphisms in genes important in innate immunity are associa ...	2006	16608528
predicting density of ixodes pacificus nymphs in dense woodlands in mendocino county, california, based on geographic information systems and remote sensing versus field-derived data.	ixodes pacificus nymphs are the primary vectors to humans of borrelia burgdorferi, the etiologic agent of lyme disease, in california. we used a supervised classification model, based on remote sensing (rs) data from multi-seasonal landsat tm 5 images, to identify the key habitat in mendocino county where humans are exposed to i. pacificus nymphs (woodlands carpeted with leaf litter). the model, based on the normalized difference vegetation index (ndvi), brightness, and wetness, separated the ny ...	2006	16606998
severe pediatric influenza in california, 2003-2005: implications for immunization recommendations.	the 2003-2004 influenza season was marked by both the emergence of a new drift "fujian" strain of influenza a virus and prominent reports of increased influenza-related deaths in children in the absence of baseline data for comparison. in december 2003, the california department of health services initiated surveillance of children who were hospitalized in california with severe influenza in an attempt to measure its impact and to identify additional preventive measures.	2006	16585278
commercial sex work and risk of hiv infection among young drug-injecting men who have sex with men in san francisco.	the objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between sex work and hiv infection among young injection drug-using men who have sex with men (msm-idu).	2006	16565643
methamphetamine use and hiv risk behaviors among heterosexual men--preliminary results from five northern california counties, december 2001-november 2003.	methamphetamine (meth) is a highly addictive stimulant that gained widespread popularity in california in the 1980s and has since spread to most regions of the united states, including rural areas. analyses of survey data among noninjection-drug users from california in the mid-1990s determined that, among heterosexual persons and among men who had sex with men (msm), meth users reported more sex partners, were less likely to report condom use, and were more likely to report sex in exchange for ...	2006	16543881
partner notification for persons with chronic hepatitis b virus infection: use of a syphilis model service.	adults with chronic hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection are usually the source of infection for persons who acquire sexually transmitted hbv infection. vaccinating sex- and needle-sharing partners is recommended.	2006	16540881
coliform bacteria in sierra nevada wilderness lakes and streams: what is the impact of backpackers, pack animals, and cattle?	the presence of coliform bacteria indicates a watershed risk for harboring microbes capable of causing human disease. we hypothesized that water from watersheds that have different human- or animal-use patterns would have differing risks for the presence of coliform bacteria. methods; water was collected in wilderness areas of the sierra nevada range in california. a total of 60 sites from lakes or streams were selected to statistically differentiate the risk categories: 1) high use by backpacke ...	2006	16538940
mother's milk and the muffin man: grassroots innovations in medical marijuana delivery systems.	in the ongoing debates over medical marijuana, opponents often conflate the alleged risks of cannabis therapeutics with the acknowledged harms associated with smoking. although smoking is the most widely used method of administering marijuana, it is not the only available means. this paper provides an account of the production, distribution, and administration of non-smokable cannabis products by members of a california health care collective, the wo/men's alliance for medical marijuana. wamm ha ...	2005	16537333
outcomes of clinical and surgical assessment of women with pathological nipple discharge.	there is no consensus about the diagnostic approach to pathologic nipple discharge (pnd). we hypothesize that lactiferous duct excision (microdochectomy) or image-guided biopsy are safe and effective means of diagnosis of pnd. eighty-two patients with pnd underwent history and physical exam followed by breast sonography and mammogram. image-guided biopsy was done if imaging studies were positive, whereas microdochectomy was done if normal. discharge was unilateral (96%), bloody (79%), and sponta ...	2006	16536240
babesia conradae, sp. nov., a small canine babesia identified in california.	small piroplasms as a cause of canine babesiosis have usually been identified as babesia gibsoni. recent genetic studies suggested that small piroplasms are more likely comprised of at least three genotypically distinct species. in southern california, canine babesiosis caused by a small piroplasm has been documented since 1990. morphological characteristics of this parasite include a small (0.3-3.0 microm) intraerythrocytic merozoite stage with predominantly ring, piriform, tetrad, amoeboid, or ...	2006	16524663
assessing societal impacts when planning restoration of large alluvial rivers: a case study of the sacramento river project, california.	studies have shown that ecological restoration projects are more likely to gain public support if they simultaneously increase important human services that natural resources provide to people. river restoration projects have the potential to influence many of the societal functions (e.g., flood control, water quality) that rivers provide, yet most projects fail to consider this in a comprehensive manner. most river restoration projects also fail to take into account opportunities for revitaliza ...	2006	16523370
a review of the small canine piroplasms from california: babesia conradae in the literature.	small piroplasms as a cause of canine babesiosis in southern california were first documented in 1990. initially these piroplasms were considered to be babesia gibsoni, the only small babesia parasite known to infect dogs at that time. in the following decade, the use of molecular analysis made it clear that small canine babesia in fact are comprised of at least three distinct species, and the isolates from dogs in southern california were not b. gibsoni. molecular, antigenic, and morphological ...	2006	16522352
a dietary risk assessment of the pyrethroid insecticide resmethrin associated with its use for west nile virus mosquito vector control in california.	an outbreak of human illnesses associated with west nile virus (wnv) occurred in new york city in 1999. since then, it has gradually spread westwards, reaching northern california for the first time in 2005. wnv is transmitted by several mosquito species and birds serve as the main reservoir. several control measures have been used, targeting both the aquatic larvae and the adult mosquitoes. in the latter case, roosting birds in trees are sprayed with pyrethroid insecticides because these are hi ...	2006	16518516
toward a just model of alienability of human tissue.		2003	16514784
workgroup report: indoor chemistry and health.	chemicals present in indoor air can react with one another, either in the gas phase or on surfaces, altering the concentrations of both reactants and products. such chemistry is often the major source of free radicals and other short-lived reactive species in indoor environments. to what extent do the products of indoor chemistry affect human health? to address this question, the national institute for occupational safety and health sponsored a workshop titled "indoor chemistry and health" on 12 ...	2006	16507469
analysis of genetic algorithm for rule-set production (garp) modeling approach for predicting distributions of fleas implicated as vectors of plague, yersinia pestis, in california.	more than 20 species of fleas in california are implicated as potential vectors of yersinia pestis. extremely limited spatial data exist for plague vectors-a key component to understanding where the greatest risks for human, domestic animal, and wildlife health exist. this study increases the spatial data available for 13 potential plague vectors by using the ecological niche modeling system genetic algorithm for rule-set production (garp) to predict their respective distributions. because the a ...	2006	16506453
the ucsc known genes.	the university of california santa cruz (ucsc) known genes dataset is constructed by a fully automated process, based on protein data from swiss-prot/trembl (uniprot) and the associated mrna data from genbank. the detailed steps of this process are described. extensive cross-references from this dataset to other genomic and proteomic data were constructed. for each known gene, a details page is provided containing rich information about the gene, together with extensive links to other relevant g ...	2006	16500937
interviewer as instrument: accounting for human factors in evaluation research.	this methodological study examines an original data collection model designed to incorporate human factors and enhance data richness in qualitative and evaluation research. evidence supporting this model is drawn from in-depth youth and adult interviews in one of the largest policy/program evaluations undertaken in the united states, the drug, alcohol, and tobacco education evaluation (77 districts, 118 schools). when applying the explicit observation technique (eot)--the strategic and nonjudgme ...	2006	16492998
moving human embryonic stem cells from legislature to lab: remaining legal and ethical questions.		2006	16492089
hiv care in the u.s. navy: a multidisciplinary approach.	we provide a review of the medical care provided to human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-positive service members in the u.s. navy and marine corps. an overview of the history of hiv and its impact on the u.s. navy is presented. we also explain the policies of mandatory hiv testing within the u.s. navy and the evaluation process for those found to have hiv infection. we specifically describe the multidisciplinary hiv medical care provided at naval medical center san diego, which is one of three hi ...	2005	16491939
ascrs binkhorst lecture 2004: the search for perfect vision: ophthalmology's holy grail?	wavefront technology and wavefront-based vision correction are major advances but will not, in isolation, achieve the goal of perfect vision. study of the animal kingdom teaches lessons of adaptation, leading to the conclusion that the human visual system is probably optimized for our ancestral hunter-gatherers, but today's visual demands have developed faster than the pace of evolution. psychophysical studies of perception emphasize the importance of the visual processing system in the totality ...	2005	16473238
advances and results in radiocarbon dating: early man in america.		1975	16470965
multitiered approach using quantitative pcr to track sources of fecal pollution affecting santa monica bay, california.	the ubiquity of fecal indicator bacteria such as escherichia coli and enterococcus spp. in urban environments makes tracking of fecal contamination extremely challenging. a multitiered approach was used to assess sources of fecal pollution in ballona creek, an urban watershed that drains to the santa monica bay (smb) near los angeles, calif. a mass-based design at six main-stem sites and four major tributaries over a 6-h period was used (i) to assess the flux of enterococcus spp. and e. coli by ...	2006	16461716
new california law stiffens data-protection rules for research on human subjects.		2005	16459380
associations of tumor necrosis factor g-308a with childhood asthma and wheezing.	tumor necrosis factor (tnf) mediates a spectrum of airway inflammatory responses, including those to air pollutants, and is an asthma candidate gene. one tnf promoter variant (g-308a) affects expression of tnf and has been associated with inflammatory diseases; however, studies of asthma have been inconsistent. because ozone produces oxidative stress, increased airway tnf, and inflammation, the associations of the -308 tnf polymorphism with asthma may vary by ozone exposure and variants of oxida ...	2006	16456144
advanced nursing training in health policy: designing and implementing a new program.	although the nursing profession has a growing role in the health policy arena, the rapidly changing health care environment means that clinicians need a sophisticated understanding of health policy. nurses are assuming leadership roles in advocacy, research, analysis, and policy development, implementation, and evaluation, contributing to a growing need to educate nurses to specialize in health policy research and analysis. this article provides an overview of a new master's and doctoral educati ...	2005	16443964
orf virus infection in humans--new york, illinois, california, and tennessee, 2004-2005.	orf virus is a zoonotic parapoxvirus endemic to most countries in the world and is principally associated with small ruminants (e.g., sheep and goats). human orf infections appear as ulcerative skin lesions after contact with an infected animal or contaminated fomite. this report summarizes the epidemiologic and laboratory investigations of four sporadic cases of human orf infection, emphasizing the temporal association between human lesions and skin trauma or recent flock vaccination with live ...	2006	16437055
serological survey of vector-borne zoonotic pathogens in pet cats and cats from animal shelters and feral colonies.	although cats and their arthropod parasites can sometimes be important sources of zoonotic diseases in humans, the extent of exposure among various cat populations to many potential zoonotic agents remains incompletely described. in this study, 170 domestic cats living in private homes, feral cat colonies, and animal shelters from california and wisconsin were evaluated by serology to determine the levels of exposure to a group of zoonotic vector-borne pathogens. serological positive test result ...	2006	16434226
youth development, community engagement, and reducing risk behavior.	this article examines behaviors and attitudes associated with the "youth development model," widely cited as a means of promoting resistance among young people to adverse environmental influences. focusing on tobacco use as an example of high-risk behavior, the research reported here (1) tests the statistical independence of individual youth development model dimensions, and (2) assesses their relationships to tobacco-related attitudes and behavior. the "engagement" dimension, reflecting strong ...	2006	16421653
linking on-farm dairy management practices to storm-flow fecal coliform loading for california coastal watersheds.	how and where to improve water quality within an agricultural watershed requires data at a spatial scale that corresponds with individual management decision units on an agricultural operation. this is particularly true in the context of water quality regulations, such as total maximum daily loads (tmdls), that identify agriculture as one source of non-point source pollution through larger tributary watershed scale and above and below water quality investigations. we have conducted a systems app ...	2005	16418926
evidence of tick-borne organisms in mule deer (odocoileus hemionus) from the western united states.	free-ranging mule deer (md; odocoileus hemionus) from arizona and california were tested for evidence of infection with several tick-borne pathogens, including species of ehrlichia, anaplasma, babesia, and borrelia. of 125 mule deer tested from arizona, 29 (23%) and 11 (9%) had antibodies reactive to e. chaffeensis and a. phagocytophilum by indirect immunofluorescent antibody testing, respectively; none of the six md tested from california were seropositive. using a commercial competitive elisa ...	2005	16417431
azithromycin-resistant syphilis infection: san francisco, california, 2000-2004.	the incidence of syphilis has been increasing in the united states since reaching a nadir in 2000. several clinical trials have demonstrated that treatment with oral azithromycin may be useful for syphilis control. after reports of azithromycin treatment failures in san francisco, we investigated the clinical and epidemiologic characteristics of patients with syphilis due to azithromycin-resistant treponema pallidum infection.	2006	16392078
influence of climate change, tidal mixing, and watershed urbanization on historical water quality in newport bay, a saltwater wetland and tidal embayment in southern california.	historical coliform measurements (n = 67,269; 32 years) in newport bay, a regionally important saltwater wetland and tidal embayment in southern california, have been compiled and analyzed. coliform concentrations in newport bay decrease along an inland-to-ocean gradient, consistent with the hypothesis that this tidal embayment attenuates fecal pollution from inland sources. nearly 70% of the variability in the coliform record can be attributed to seasonal and interannual variability in local ra ...	2005	16382927
rabies surveillance in the united states during 2004.	during 2004, 49 states and puerto rico reported 6,836 cases of rabies in nonhuman animals and 8 cases in human beings to the cdc, representing a 4.6% decrease from the 7,170 cases in nonhuman animals and 3 cases in human beings reported in 2003. approximately 92% of the cases were in wildlife, and 8% were in domestic animals (compared with 91% and 9%, respectively, in 2003). relative contributions by the major animal groups were as follows: 2,564 raccoons (37.5%), 1,856 skunks (27.1%), 1,361 bat ...	2005	16379626
early goal-directed therapy, corticosteroid, and recombinant human activated protein c for the treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock in the emergency department.	to describe our experience with early goal-directed therapy (egdt), corticosteroid administration, and recombinant human activated protein c (rhapc) administration in patients with severe sepsis or septic shock and an acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (apache) ii score > or =25 in the emergency department (ed).	2006	16365336
a respiratory model for uranium aluminide based on occupational data.	as part of an epidemiological study, doses from intake of radionuclides were estimated for workers employed during a 52-year period at the rocketdyne/atomics international facility in california. the facility was involved in a variety of research programmes, including nuclear fuel fabrication, spent nuclear fuel decladding, and reactor operation and disassembly. most of the documented intakes involved inhalation of enriched uranium (u), fission products, or plutonium (pu). highest doses were est ...	2005	16340069
gain-of-function haplotypes in the vesicular monoamine transporter promoter are protective for parkinson disease in women.	the vesicular monoamine transporter can protect against toxins that induce an acute parkinsonian syndrome. it has been hypothesized that cytoplasmic dopamine has subacute toxic effects in parkinson disease (pd) leading to neuronal death and clinical symptoms. regulatory polymorphisms in the brain form of the vesicular monoamine transporter (vmat2) which affect its quantitative expression might therefore serve as genetic risk factors for pd. we have screened the promoter region of the gene for vm ...	2006	16339215
relatedness of listeria monocytogenes isolates recovered from selected ready-to-eat foods and listeriosis patients in the united states.	pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and serotyping were performed for 544 isolates of listeria monocytogenes, including 502 isolates recovered from contaminated samples from 31,705 retail ready-to-eat (rte) food products and 42 isolates recovered from human cases of listeriosis. the isolates were from maryland (294 isolates) and california (250 isolates) and were collected in 2000 and 2001. the isolates were placed into 16 asci pulsogroups (level of relatedness within each group, > or =66%), 139 as ...	2005	16332793
teaching microsurgery to gynecologists.	the gynecologist must master microsurgical techniques in the laboratory prior to engaging in clinical microsurgical work. this article describes an introductory microsurgical workshop program that is sponsored by the american association of gynecologic laparoscopists in cooperation with the university of california at irvine. the program encompasses films and lectures as well as laboratory experience that progresses from inanimate objects to small animals to fresh-frozen human fallopian tubes. t ...	1979	16317938
health risk assessment on human exposed to environmental polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons pollution sources.	to assess how the human exposure to environmental carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (pahs) pollution sources generated from industrial, traffic and rural settings, we present a probabilistic risk model, appraised with reported empirical data. a probabilistic risk assessment framework is integrated with the potency equivalence factors (pefs), age group-specific occupancy probability and the incremental lifetime cancer risk (ilcr) approaches to quantitatively estimate the exposure risk ...	2006	16307791
parameter evaluation and model validation of ozone exposure assessment using harvard southern california chronic ozone exposure study data.	to examine factors influencing long-term ozone (o3) exposures by children living in urban communities, the authors analyzed longitudinal data on personal, indoor, and outdoor o3 concentrations, as well as related housing and other questionnaire information collected in the one-year-long harvard southern california chronic ozone exposure study. of 224 children contained in the original data set, 160 children were found to have longitudinal measurements of o3 concentrations in at least six months ...	2005	16295276
patient autonomy and biomedical research: judicial compromise in moore v. regents of the university of california.		1991	16281328
predicting soil fumigant air concentrations under regional and diverse agronomic conditions.	sofea (soil fumigant exposure assessment system; dow agrosciences, indianapolis, in) is a new stochastic numerical modeling tool for evaluating and managing human inhalation exposure potential associated with the use of soil fumigants. sofea calculates fumigant concentrations in air arising from volatility losses from treated fields for large agricultural regions using multiple transient source terms (treated fields), geographical information systems (gis) information, agronomic specific variabl ...	2005	16275721
chronomics of autism and suicide.	we examine whether autism may be influenced by non-photic environmental factors, among others, in a california database consisting of the number of cases added quarterly to the system between 1993 and 2004. instead of a precise calendar (1.0)-year-long spectral component, we detect unseen primarily helio- and geomagnetic signatures, including a newly discovered near-transyear of 1.09-year length. in this case, it overrides any undetected seasonal effects, the topic of much previous unrewarding r ...	2005	16275478
surpassing the material: the human rights implications of informed consent in bioprospecting cells derived from indigenous people groups.		2000	16273699
endothelial nitric oxide synthase (nos3) genetic variants, maternal smoking, vitamin use, and risk of human orofacial clefts.	orofacial clefts have been associated with maternal cigarette smoking and lack of folic acid supplementation (which results in higher plasma homocysteine concentrations). because endothelial nitric oxide synthase (nos3) activity influences homocysteine concentration and because smoking compromises nos3 activity, genetic variation in nos3 might interact with smoking and folic acid use in clefting risk. the authors genotyped 244 infants with isolated cleft lip with or without cleft palate (cl/p), ...	2005	16269583
peripheral tuberculous lymphadenitis: epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, and outcome.	we reviewed 106 patients referred to our institution for treatment of peripheral tuberculous adenitis to establish the epidemiologic, clinical, and pathologic manifestations of this disease. tuberculous lymphadenitis occurred predominantly in young, foreign-born women a mean of 5 years after arrival in the united states. tuberculin skin tests were positive in 94% of cases. lymphadenopathy occurred most frequently in the neck (57%) or supraclavicular area (26%) and involved 1-3 nodes. forty (38%) ...	2005	16267410
detection of breastfeeding and weaning in modern human infants with carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios.	carbon ((13)c/(12)c) and nitrogen ((15)n/(14)n) stable isotope ratios were longitudinally measured in fingernail and hair samples from mother-infant pairs where infants were exclusively breastfed (n = 5), breast- and formula-fed (n = 2), or exclusively formula-fed (n = 1) from birth. all exclusively breastfed infants had a dual enrichment in carbon ( approximately 1 per thousand) and nitrogen ( approximately 2-3 per thousand) when compared to maternal values. in contrast, breast- and formula-fed ...	2006	16261548
apolipoprotein a-v: a potential modulator of plasma triglyceride levels in turks.	the apolipoprotein a-v gene (apoa5) plays an important role in determining plasma triglyceride levels. we studied the effects of apoa5 polymorphisms on plasma triglyceride levels in turks, a population with low levels of hdl cholesterol and a high prevalence of coronary artery disease. we found 15 polymorphisms, three of which were novel. seven haplotype-tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) were chosen and genotyped in approximately 3,000 subjects. the rare alleles of the -1464t>c, -11 ...	2006	16258166
a known functional polymorphism (ile120val) of the human pcmt1 gene and risk of spina bifida.	folate binding protein 1 (folr1) knockout mice with low maternal folate concentrations have been shown to be excellent animal models for human folate-responsive neural tube defects (ntds). previous studies using the folr1 knockout mice revealed that maternal folate supplementation up-regulates the expression of the pcmt1 gene in folr1 nullizygous neural tube tissue during neural tube closure. pcmt1 encodes the protein repair enzyme l-isoaspartate (d-aspartate) o-methyltransferase (pimt) that con ...	2006	16256389
proper positioning of clients: a risk for caregivers.	the primary objective of this study was to learn more about the occupational risk of client repositioning by caregivers. this study also included information on frequency demands and factors contributing to the need to reposition clients and future risk-reduction solutions and interventions. a questionnaire was administered to caregivers at 12 hospitals. targeted groups were client care units with caregivers who are required to reposition clients in bed. the task of client repositioning presents ...	2005	16255526
video methods in the quantification of children's exposures.	in 1994, stanford university's exposure research group (erg) conducted its first pilot study to collect micro-level activity time series (mlats) data for young children. the pilot study involved videotaping four children of farm workers in the salinas valley of california and converting their videotaped activities to valuable text files of contact behavior using video-translation techniques. these mlats are especially useful for describing intermittent dermal (i.e., second-by-second account of s ...	2006	16249797
leptospirosis in a caver returned from sarawak, malaysia.	this article describes a case of leptospirosis in a man who returned from caving in sarawak, malaysia, and includes a discussion of epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment. the patient presented with symptoms of leptospirosis, which was confirmed by microhemagglutination titers. he became infected despite taking doxycycline daily for malaria prophylaxis. leptospirosis is an important consideration in any returned traveler with fever. the spirochete spreads from animal ...	2005	16209467
the economic burden of schizophrenia in the united states in 2002.	this study quantifies excess annual costs associated with schizophrenia patients in the united states in 2002 from a societal perspective.	2005	16187769
hiv transmission in the adult film industry--los angeles, california, 2004.	in april 2004, the los angeles county department of health services (lacdhs) received reports of work-related exposure to human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) in the heterosexual segment of the adult film industry in california. this report summarizes an investigation by lacdhs into four work-related hiv-transmission cases among adult film industry workers. the investigation was initiated april 20, 2004, and joined by the california department of industrial relations, division of occupational safe ...	2005	16177683
coastal water quality impact of stormwater runoff from an urban watershed in southern california.	field studies were conducted to assess the coastal water quality impact of stormwater runoff from the santa ana river, which drains a large urban watershed located in southern california. stormwater runoff from the river leads to very poor surf zone water quality, with fecal indicator bacteria concentrations exceeding california ocean bathing water standards by up to 500%. however, cross-shore currents (e.g., rip cells) dilute contaminated surf zone water with cleaner water from offshore, such t ...	2005	16173550
transmission of toxoplasma: clues from the study of sea otters as sentinels of toxoplasma gondii flow into the marine environment.	toxoplasma gondii affects a wide variety of hosts including threatened southern sea otters (enhydra lutris nereis) which serve as sentinels for the detection of the parasite's transmission into marine ecosystems. toxoplasmosis is a major cause of mortality and contributor to the slow rate of population recovery for southern sea otters in california. an updated seroprevalence analysis showed that 52% of 305 freshly dead, beachcast sea otters and 38% of 257 live sea otters sampled along the califo ...	2005	16157341
best-practice protocols: preventing adverse drug events.	analysis of stanford's electronic patient safety net revealed a pattern of unrecognized, widespread, low-frequency i.v.-pca adverse events. a performance improvement-failure modes and effects analysis identified causes, and a multidisciplinary team developed solutions.	2005	16155492
moore v. regents of the university of california: patients, property rights, and public policy.		1991	16144099
evaluation of a large, population-based sample supports a cpg island methylator phenotype in colon cancer.	the concept of a cpg island methylator phenotype (cimp), especially in microsatellite stable colon cancer, is not accepted universally. we therefore evaluated a large population-based sample of individuals with colon cancer and used univariate and multivariate analyses of cimp with clinicopathologic variables and tumor mutations to determine the biologic relevance of this phenotype.	2005	16143123
correlating agricultural use of organophosphates with outdoor air concentrations: a particular concern for children.	for the organophosphate pesticide chlorpyrifos, median inhalation noncancer, acute children's exposures in agricultural communities are elevated above reference doses; for diazinon, similar exposures are nearly elevated. we used multivariate linear regression analysis to examine the temporal and spatial associations between agricultural use and measured air concentrations of chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos oxon, diazinon, and malathion. agricultural use within a 3-mile radius on the monitoring day an ...	2005	16140625
rickettsia felis infection rates in an east texas population.	murine typhus (rickettsia typhi), endemic in southern california and south texas, is maintained within a host-vector system consisting of the opossum and cat flea. in the early 1990s, a second rickettsial species, rickettsia felis, was also found to be maintained within the opossum-cat flea system and is, in fact, found more commonly than r. typhi in the opossum and cat flea. recognized as a human pathogen in 1994, r. felis causes an infection that produces symptoms indistinguishable from classi ...	2005	16130886
biotechnology: a challenge for hippocrates.		1991	16127862
evaluation of antibiotic resistance analysis and ribotyping for identification of faecal pollution sources in an urban watershed.	the accuracy of ribotyping and antibiotic resistance analysis (ara) for prediction of sources of faecal bacterial pollution in an urban southern california watershed was determined using blinded proficiency samples.	2005	16108804
risks of human conotruncal heart defects associated with 32 single nucleotide polymorphisms of selected cardiovascular disease-related genes.	investigating possible genetic polymorphisms and gene-environment interactions in the etiology of human conotruncal defects is a prudent research approach. in this study we explore gene-only and gene-environment effects of 32 single nucleotide polymorphisms (snps) on conotruncal defect risks. the genes bearing these snps participate in one of five pathogenetic processes, homocysteine metabolism, coagulation, cell-cell interaction, inflammatory response, and blood pressure regulation. we used dna ...	2005	16100725
the snap25 gene as a susceptibility gene contributing to attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.	the synaptosomal-associated protein of 25 kda gene (snap25) has been suggested as a genetic susceptibility factor in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (adhd) based on the mouse strain coloboma. this strain is hemizygous for the snap25 gene and displays hyperactivity that responds to dextroamphetamine, but not to methylphenidate. previously, we reported association of snap25 and adhd using two polymorphisms. to further investigate this gene, we screened the exons for dna variation and geno ...	2005	16088329
a question of property rights in the human body.		1989	16086463
genes encoding catalytic subunits of protein kinase a and risk of spina bifida.	prkaca and prkacb are genes encoding the camp-dependent protein kinase a (pka) catalytic subunits alpha and beta, respectively. pka is known to be involved in embryonic development, as it down-regulates the hedgehog (hh) signaling pathway, which is critical to normal pattern formation and morphogenesis. the pka-deficient mouse model, which has only a single catalytic subunit, provided intriguing evidence demonstrating a relationship between decreased pka activity and risk for posterior neural tu ...	2005	16080189
the varieties of religious development in adulthood: a longitudinal investigation of religion and rational choice.	the authors used growth mixture models to study religious development during adulthood (ages 27-80) in a sample of individuals who were identified during childhood as intellectually gifted. the authors identified 3 discrete trajectories of religious development: (a) 40% of participants belonged to a trajectory class characterized by increases in religiousness until midlife and declines in later adulthood; (b) 41% of participants belonged to a trajectory class characterized by very low religiousn ...	2005	16060747
meeting highlights of the 8th annual scientific sessions of the society for cardiovascular magnetic resonance, january 21 to 23, 2005.	parallel tracks for clinical scientists, basic scientists, and pediatric imagers was the novel approach taken for the highly successful 8th annual scientific sessions of the society for cardiovascular magnetic resonance, held in san francisco, california, january 21 to 23, 2005. attendees were immersed in information on the latest scientific advances in cardiovascular magnetic resonance (cmr) from mice to man and technological advances from systems with field strengths from 0.5 t to 11.7 t. stat ...	2005	16053951
modeling the dry-weather tidal cycling of fecal indicator bacteria in surface waters of an intertidal wetland.	recreational water quality at beaches in california and elsewhere is often poor near the outlets of rivers, estuaries, and lagoons. this condition has prompted interest in the role of wetlands in modulating surface water concentrations of fecal indicator bacteria (fib), the basis of water quality standards internationally. a model was developed and applied to predict the dry-weather tidal cycling of fib in talbert marsh, an estuarine, intertidal wetland in huntington beach, california, in respon ...	2005	16051310
restraining orders in california: a look at statewide data.	the authors tabulated statewide administrative data for all types of restraining orders. on june 6, 2003, there were 227,941 active restraining orders against adults in california; most were for domestic violence. rates of restraining orders (i.e., restrained persons) were highest for men, african americans, and 25- to 34-year-olds. in 72.2% of the orders, a woman was to be protected and a man was to be restrained; in 19.3%, the restrained and protected persons were of the same sex. although sta ...	2005	16043577
beliefs about appropriate antibacterial therapy, california.	to our knowledge, previous population-based surveys have not assessed misconceptions about antibacterial drug use over time. we documented a 26.3% decline in a key misconception in california women in 2003 compared to 2000; declines varied significantly by education level. educational campaigns specifically designed to influence important subpopulations are needed.	2005	16022800