Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| polymorphic distribution and molecular diversification of mitochondrial plasmid-like dnas in the genus oryza. | four kinds of circular plasmid-like dna, designated b1, b2, b3 and b4, have been found in the mitochondria of rice (oryza sativa l.). we analyzed the distribution of families of plasmid-like dnas homologous to those of o. sativa in 40 strains of the genus oryza with aa, bb, bbcc, cc, ccdd and ee genomes. plasmid-like dnas were observed only strains having aa, cc and ccdd genomes. the distribution patterns of strains with aa genome were highly polymorphic. we amplified the plasmid-like dnas from ... | 1995 | 8527166 |
| cloning and characterization of a cdna encoding an 18.0-kda class-i low-molecular-weight heat-shock protein from rice. | a novel cdna clone, oshp18.0 cdna, encoding a rice (oryza sativa l. cv. tainong 67) 18.0-kda heat-shock protein (hsp), was isolated from a cdna library of heat-shocked rice seedlings by use of the rice hsp cdna, oshsp17.3 cdna, as a probe. the sequence showed that oshsp18.0 cdna contains a 749-bp insert encoding an orf of 160 amino acids, with a predicted molecular mass of 18.0 kda and a pi of 7.3. sequence comparison reveals that oshsp18.0 cdna is highly homologous to other low-molecular-weight ... | 1995 | 8522180 |
| suppression in mitochondrial electron transport is the prime cause behind stress induced proline accumulation. | exposure of six day old rice (oryza sativa) seedlings to salt or cadmium stress lead to an increase in the level of proline with a simultaneous decline in the mitochondrial electron transport activity. mitochondrial electron transport inhibitors - rotenone, antimycin a or potassium cyanide also stimulated proline accumulation in rice seedlings with a concurrent decline in the mitochondrial electron transport activity. four to five fold enhancement in proline level was noted in seedlings after 48 ... | 1993 | 8503937 |
| nucleotide sequence of an abundant rice seed globulin: homology with the high molecular weight glutelins of wheat, rye and triticale. | a cdna clone corresponding to a 19 kd salt-soluble globulin of rice (oryza sativa l.) was isolated by screening a lambda gt11 expression library of endosperm mrna with antibodies raised against the purified rice seed alpha-globulin. the cdna contained a single large open reading frame encoding a putative globulin precursor of molecular weight of 21 kd. the polypeptide consists of 182 amino acids and is devoid of lysine residues. computer analysis of the nh2-terminal sequence of the globulin prec ... | 1993 | 8503935 |
| enigmatic double-stranded rna in japonica rice. | we have found a linear, 16 kb, double-stranded rna (dsrna) in symptomless japonica rice (oryza sativa l.) that is not found in indica rice (oryza sativa l.). the dsrna was detected in every tissue and at every developmental stage, and its copy number was approximately constant (about 20 copies/cell). double-stranded rna was also detected in two strains of oryza rufipogon (an ancestor of o. sativa). hybridization experiments indicated that the dsrna of o. rufipogon was homologous but not identica ... | 1993 | 8490131 |
| changes in translatable mrna populations induced in rice seedlings by exposure to freeze-thaw stress. | in order to examine whether changes in gene expression are induced by injury in seedlings of rice (oryza sativa) after a lethal freeze-thaw stress. mrnas were extracted and their in vitro translation products were compared with those of the control plants by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. an mrna encoding an entirely new protein with m(r) of ca. 37 kda was detected as early as 30 min of thawing at 28 degrees c. two-dimensional gel electrophoresis revealed the induction of mrnas for at least ... | 1993 | 8485458 |
| use of bar as a selectable marker gene and for the production of herbicide-resistant rice plants from protoplasts. | we have used the bar gene in combination with the herbicide basta to select transformed rice (oryza sativa l. cv. radon) protoplasts for the production of herbicide-resistant rice plants. protoplasts, obtained from regenerable suspension cultures established from immature embryo callus, were transformed using peg-mediated dna uptake. transformed calli could be selected 2-4 weeks after placing the protoplast-derived calli on medium containing the selective agent, phosphinothricin (ppt), the activ ... | 1993 | 8467080 |
| phylogenetic distribution and genetic mapping of a (ggc)n microsatellite from rice (oryza sativa l.). | dna microsatellites are ubiquitously present in eukaryotic genomes and represent a vast source of highly informative markers. we describe in this article a (ggc)n microsatellite which is widely distributed in eukaryotic genomes. using polymerase chain reaction (pcr) techniques and dna sequencing, we demonstrated for the first time in plant species that a (ggc)n microsatellite locus is moderately polymorphic. six alleles are present at this locus in rice and length polymorphisms are caused by var ... | 1993 | 8448360 |
| identification of the entire set of transferred chloroplast dna sequences in the mitochondrial genome of rice. | the entire set of transferred chloroplast dna sequences in the mitochondrial genome of rice (oryza sativa cv. nipponbare) was identified using clone banks that cover the chloroplast and mitochondrial genomes. the mitochondrial fragments that were homologous to chloroplast dna were mapped and sequenced. the nucleotide sequences around the termini of integrated chloroplast sequences in the rice mtdna revealed no common sequences or structures that might enhance the transfer of dna. sixteen chlorop ... | 1993 | 8437578 |
| agrobacterium-mediated production of transgenic rice plants expressing a chimeric alpha-amylase promoter/beta-glucuronidase gene. | we have successfully transferred and expressed a reporter gene driven by an alpha-amylase promoter in a japonica type of rice (oryza sativa l. cv. tainung 62) using the agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer system. immature rice embryos (10-12 days after anthesis) were infected with an agrobacterium strain carrying a plasmid containing chimeric genes of beta-glucuronidase (uida) and neomycin phosphotransferase (nptii). co-incubation of potato suspension culture (psc) with the agrobacterium inocul ... | 1993 | 8392395 |
| anaerobiosis and plant growth hormones induce two genes encoding 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase in rice (oryza sativa l.). | the plant hormone ethylene is believed to be responsible for the ability of rice to grow in the deepwater regions of southeast asia. ethylene production is induced by hypoxia, which is caused by flooding, because of enhanced activity of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (acc) synthase, the key enzyme in the ethylene biosynthetic pathway. we have cloned three divergent members, (os-acs1, os-acs2, and os-acs3), of a multigene family encoding acc synthase in rice. os-acs1 resides on chromosome ... | 1993 | 8389618 |
| a transcription map of the chloroplast genome from rice (oryza sativa). | the complete nucleotide sequence (134,525 bp) of the chloroplast genome from rice (oryza sativa l.) contains four rrna genes, 30 trna genes, and over 100 genes that encode proteins. however, expression of only a few of these genes, namely psba, rbcl, and atpb/e, has been detected. we constructed the complete transcription map of rice chloroplast dna by northern hybridization of total rna from rice seedlings, using subclones from a clone bank of rice chloroplast dna as probes. approximately 90% o ... | 1993 | 8381719 |
| a 127 kda component of a uv-damaged dna-binding complex, which is defective in some xeroderma pigmentosum group e patients, is homologous to a slime mold protein. | a cdna which encodes a approximately 127 kda uv-damaged dna-binding (uv-ddb) protein with high affinity for (6-4)pyrimidine dimers [abramic', m., levine, a.s. & protic', m., j. biol. chem. 266: 22493-22500, 1991] has been isolated from a monkey cell cdna library. the presence of this protein in complexes bound to uv-damaged dna was confirmed by immunoblotting. the human cognate of the uv-ddb gene was localized to chromosome 11. uv-ddb mrna was expressed in all human tissues examined, including c ... | 1993 | 8371985 |
| nucleotide sequence of a rice (oryza sativa) prolamin storage protein gene, rp6. | 1993 | 8310050 | |
| cdna cloning and sequence analysis of a pathogen-induced thaumatin-like protein from rice (oryza sativa). | 1993 | 8310049 | |
| cloning and sequencing analysis of a complementary dna for manganese-superoxide dismutase from rice (oryza sativa l.). | 1993 | 8290649 | |
| cloning and sequence analysis of a cdna encoding rice glutaredoxin. | a full-length cdna clone (rasc8) encoding glutaredoxin (thioltransferase) was isolated from a cdna library of an aleurone layer prepared from a developing seed of rice (oryza sativa l.). rasc8, 568bp in length, contained an atg codon and two possible polyadenylation signals, and encoded 112 amino acid residues. cys-pro-phe-cys, which is the active site and a highly conserved sequence among thioltransferases, was found in the deduced amino acid sequence. rasc8 was introduced into an expression ve ... | 1994 | 8287970 |
| nucleotide sequence of a rice root ferredoxin-nadp+ reductase cdna and its induction by nitrate. | a ferredoxin-nadp+ reductase (fnr) cdna was isolated from a lambda gt 11 cdna library constructed from the roots of nitrate-induced rice (oryza sativa l. cv. kinmaze) seedlings. the nucleotide sequence of this clone contains a 1134 nucleotide open reading frame. the n-terminal 62 amino acid stretch was assigned to the transit sequence, followed by 316 residues for the mature protein. the rice root fnr shows only 49% sequence identity to that of the leaf enzyme, but the regions of the binding sit ... | 1994 | 8286405 |
| light-regulated and cell-specific expression of tomato rbcs-gusa and rice rbcs-gusa fusion genes in transgenic rice. | a previously isolated rice (oryza sativa) rbcs gene was further characterized. this analysis revealed specific sequences in the 5' regulatory region of the rice rbcs gene that are conserved in rbcs genes of other monocotyledonous species. in transgenic rice plants, we examined the expression of the beta-glucuronidase (gusa) reporter gene directed by the 2.8-kb promoter region of the rice rbcs gene. to examine differences in the regulation of monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous rbcs promoters, th ... | 1993 | 8278540 |
| cytosolic triosephosphate isomerase is a single gene in rice. | a cdna clone encoding rice (oryza sativa l.) cytosolic triosephosphate isomerase (tpi), an important glycolytic enzyme, was isolated and characterized. the clone (prtpi-6) contains an open reading frame of 759 base pairs, encoding a polypeptide chain of 253 amino acid residues (m(r) 27,060). the identity of this clone was defined by its high homology (85% nucleotide sequence and 89% amino acid sequence identical match) with a maize mrna sequence encoding the cytosolic tpi and with tpis from othe ... | 1993 | 8278510 |
| characterization of minisatellite sequences from oryza sativa. | two dna sequences were cloned from the genome of cultivated rice (oryza sativa l.) by cross-hybridization with the human minisatellite sequence 33.6. the rice sequences consisted of tandem direct repeats, which showed significant similarity to the 33.6 consensus sequence. profiles capable of distinguishing different rice cultivars were detected by cross-hybridization with a dna probe amplified by the polymerase chain reaction from one of the rice minisatellite sequences. | 1993 | 8270207 |
| clusters of interspersed repeated dna sequences in the rice genome (oryza). | we have characterized a repeated dna sequence (rtl122) from rice (oryza sativa l.) with respect to its organization in the rice genome and its distribution among rice and other plants. the results indicate that the rtl122 sequence is interspersed in the rice genome and limited to the genus oryza. it is highly polymorphic and can be used to fingerprint rice varieties. a structure was observed in which several repeated sequences were clustered in dna regions of 15-20 kb. we characterized three bac ... | 1993 | 8270205 |
| nascent transcript-binding protein of the pea chloroplast transcriptionally active chromosome. | this study describes the nascent rna-binding protein of the pea chloroplast transcriptional complex. the protein has been identified by photoaffinity labelling of the transcriptionally active chromosome (tac) which utilizes the endogenous plastid dna as template. uv irradiation of lysed chloroplast or the isolated tac under conditions optimized for transcription photocross-links nascent radiolabelled transcripts (up to 250 nucleotides in length) to a 48 kda protein. the photoaffinity labelling o ... | 1993 | 8260634 |
| molecular cloning and nucleotide sequence cdna encoding nucleoside diphosphate kinase of rice (oryza sativa l.). | we isolated a rice cdna encoding nucleoside diphosphate kinase (ndk, ec 2.7.4.6). the deduced amino acid sequence of the rice ndk shows highest homology to spinach ndk-i. the rice ndk gene exhibits a strong codon bias (73.8% gc) in the third position of the codon. dna blot analysis indicated that at least single ndk gene is present in rice genome. | 1993 | 8260630 |
| metabolic regulation of alpha-amylase gene expression in transgenic cell cultures of rice (oryza sativa l.). | expression of two genes in the alpha-amylase gene family is controlled by metabolic regulation in rice cultured cells. the levels of ramy3d and ramy3e mrnas in rice cultured cells are inversely related to the concentration of sugar in the culture medium. other genes in the rice alpha-amylase gene family have little or no expression in cultured cells; these expression levels are not controlled by metabolic regulation. a ramy3d promoter/gus gene fusion was metabolically regulated in the transgenic ... | 1993 | 8251627 |
| role of media constituents and proline in callus growth, somatic embryogenesis and regeneration of oryza sativa cv indica. | conditions were optimised for efficient callus induction from seeds of four local indica rice cultivars, gr-3, gr-102, jaya and te-tep. addition of 2,4-d to ms medium at 2.5 mg/l resulted in 100% callus induction. n6 medium was superior to ms medium for callus growth, formation of embryogenic callus as well as regeneration. cultivar te-tep showed highest callus growth while gr-102 the least. addition of casein hydrolysate enhanced growth of callus but did not yield more embryogenic calli. supple ... | 1993 | 8225416 |
| activity of a maize ubiquitin promoter in transgenic rice. | we have used the maize ubiquitin 1 promoter, first exon and first intron (ubi) for rice (oryza sativa l. cv. taipei 309) transformation experiments and studied its expression in transgenic calli and plants. ubi directed significantly higher levels of transient gene expression than other promoter/intron combinations used for rice transformation. we exploited these high levels of expression to identify stable transformants obtained from callus-derived protoplasts co-transfected with two chimeric g ... | 1993 | 8219091 |
| a rice (oryza sativa l.) cdna encodes a protein sequence homologous to the eukaryotic ribosomal 5s rna-binding protein. | a rice (oryza sativa l.) cdna clone coding for the cytoplasmic ribosomal protein l5, which associates with 5 s rrna for ribosome assembly, was cloned and its nucleotide sequence was determined. the primary structure of rice l5, deduced from the nucleotide sequence, contains 294 amino acids and has intriguing features some of which are also conserved in other eucaryotic homologues. these include: four clusters of basic amino acids, one of which may serve as a nucleolar localization signal; three ... | 1993 | 8219074 |
| characterization of a rice gene coding for a lipid transfer protein. | the cloning and sequence analysis of a gene that encodes a lipid transfer protein (ltp) from rice is reported. a genomic dna library from oryza sativa was screened using a cdna encoding a maize ltp. one genomic clone containing the gene (ltp) was partially sequenced and analyzed. the open reading frame is interrupted by an 89-bp intron. from the results of southern hybridizations, ltp appears to be a member of a small multigenic family. transcripts of the corresponding gene were detected in seve ... | 1994 | 8194762 |
| sequence and functional analyses of the rice gene homologous to the maize vp1. | the homologous gene of the maize vp1 gene was isolated from rice (oryza sativa). sequence analysis revealed that the rice vp1 gene (osvp1) encodes a protein of 728 amino acids and is interupted by 5 introns at positions identical to those of the maize gene. osvp1 transcript was detected in developing embryo as early as 10 days after flowering and decreased toward maturity. osvp1 transcript was also detected in dry as well as imbided mature embryos. the ability of osvp1 gene product to activate a ... | 1994 | 8193305 |
| responses to continuous and discontinuous nacl stress of long-term cultured rice (oryza sativa l.) cells. | rice (oryza sativa l.) cells, grown under a continuous stress of 1.5% nacl, produced a homogeneous mass of dry, compact, nodular callus with high regeneration potential, typical of embryogenic cultures. when transferred and subcultured in conditions without salt, the pre-adapted cells underwent several changes, leading to the formation of heterogeneous populations that comprised different cell types. this newly formed callus, in the 6-month period without salt stress, resembled cell populations ... | 1993 | 8184630 |
| phylogenetic relationships of 10 grass species: an assessment of phylogenetic utility of the internal transcribed spacer region in nuclear ribosomal dna in monocots. | entire sequences of the internal transcribed spacers (itss) and 5.8s subunit of nuclear ribosomal dna (nrdna) were obtained from nine grass species by direct double-stranded sequencing of polymerase chain reaction (pcr) amplified dna fragments. these sequences from subfamily pooideae (triticum aestivum, crithodium monococcum, sitopsis speltoides, hordeum vulgare, secale montanum, avena longiglumis, bromus inermis, brachypodium distachyon) and subfamily panicoideae (sorghum bicolor) together with ... | 1994 | 8181731 |
| retrotransposition of a plant sine into the wx locus during evolution of rice. | a new type of plant retroposon, p-sine1, has been found in the wx locus of rice (oryza sativa). it has some structural characteristics similar to those of mammalian sines, such as members of the alu or b1 family. in order to estimate the time at which the integration of p-sine1 into a single locus occurred during rice evolution, we examined the distribution of two members of p-sine1 in several species of the oryza genus by the polymerase chain reaction (pcr). we found that one member of p-sine1 ... | 1994 | 8169958 |
| root colonization and systemic spreading of azoarcus sp. strain bh72 in grasses. | the invasive properties of azoarcus sp. strain bh72, an endorhizospheric isolate of kallar grass, on gnotobiotically grown seedlings of oryza sativa ir36 and leptochloa fusca (l.) kunth were studied. additionally, azoarcus spp. were localized in roots of field-grown kallar grass. to facilitate localization and to assure identity of bacteria, genetically engineered microorganisms expressing beta-glucuronidase were also used as inocula. beta-glucuronidase staining indicated that the apical region ... | 1994 | 8144457 |
| partial purification and characterization of soluble acid invertases from rice (oryza sativa) leaves. | there are three soluble acid invertases in the leaves of rice. they could be separated by deae1-sephacel chromatography, and named it1, it2 and it3. the molecular weights of it1, it2 and it3, determined by hplc gel filtration chromatography, were 220 kd, 59 kd and 67 kd, respectively. their pi values were 6.2, 5.2 and 4.9, respectively. the ph optima of it1, it2 and it3 were 3.5, 6.0 and 5.5 respectively. all of them could hydrolyze sucrose and raffinose but not maltose, therefore they are all b ... | 1993 | 8136712 |
| nuclear gene encoding cytosolic triosephosphate isomerase from rice (oryza sativa l.). | 1993 | 8108523 | |
| expression of a rice homeobox gene causes altered morphology of transgenic plants. | we have isolated a cdna clone encoding a homeobox sequence from rice. dna sequence analysis of this clone, which was designated as oryza sativa homeobox 1 (osh1), and a genomic clone encoding the osh1 sequence have shown that the osh1 gene consists of five exons and encodes a polypeptide of 361 amino acid residues. restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis has shown that osh1 is a single-copy gene located near the phytochrome gene on chromosome 3. introduction of the cloned osh1 gene int ... | 1993 | 8104574 |
| rice tungro bacilliform virus: transcription and translation in protoplasts. | protoplasts from cell suspension cultures of oryza sativa (monocot) and orychophragmus violaceus (dicot) support transcription from the rice tungro bacilliform virus (rtbv) promoter and translation of the resulting mrna despite the presence of a long leader sequence with strong secondary structure and 12 short open reading frames. transcriptional elements located both upstream and downstream of the transcription initiation site are defined by deletion analysis and the functional tata motif is de ... | 1994 | 8091688 |
| developmental and light-dependent cues interact to establish steady-state levels of transcripts for photosynthesis-related genes (psba, psbd, psaa and rbcl) in rice (oryza sativa l.). | the steady-state transcript levels for psba, psbd, psaa and rbcl are low in dark-grown rice seedlings as compared to those grown in light. following seed germination, they accumulate in an age-dependent manner, in dark as well as light, reaching a maximal level on the 7th or 8th day, before a slow decline sets in. but transcripts for psba and psbd continue to maintain relatively-high levels even after 10 days of growth in light. exposure of 5-day-old dark-grown seedlings to light results in an a ... | 1994 | 8082180 |
| cloning and structural analysis of calmodulin gene from rice. | full-length cdna encoding rice (oryza sativa, cv. nongken 58s) calmodulin (cam) mrna has been cloned using polymerase chain reaction (pcr) with synthesized primers from the sequence of barley cam gene. sequence analysis revealed that the rice gene is 450 bp in length that and its predicted polypeptide consists of 148 amino acids. it differs from those that of barley and alfalfa in only one position, respectively. the nucleotide homology between rice and barley is 90%, between rice and alfalfa is ... | 1993 | 8061233 |
| expressed sequence tags from cultured cells of rice (oryza sativa l.) under stressed conditions: analysis of transcripts of genes engaged in atp-generating pathways. | large-scale sequencing of randomly selected cdna clones was used to isolate numerous genes in rice (oryza sativa l.). total rna used for cdna synthesis was prepared from suspension-cultured cells of rice grown under stressed conditions, such as in saline or nitrogen-starvation conditions. a total of 780 cdna clones were partially sequenced and about 15% could be identified as putative genes. in the library constructed under saline conditions, we identified several genes associated with signal tr ... | 1994 | 8049371 |
| isolation of a monocot 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme a reductase gene that is elicitor-inducible. | the rice (oryza sativa) phytoalexins, momilactones and oryzalexins, are synthesized by the isoprenoid pathway. an early step in this pathway, one that is rate-limiting in mammalian systems, is catalyzed by the enzyme 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme a reductase (hmgr). a gene that encodes this enzyme has been isolated from rice, and found to contain an open reading frame of 1527 bases. the encoded protein sequence of the rice hmgr appears to be conserved with respect to other hmgr proteins, a ... | 1994 | 8049366 |
| poly(a) tail shortening of alpha-amylase mrnas in vegetative tissues of oryza sativa. | the pattern of expression for the entire alpha-amylase gene family in rice vegetative tissues during the developmental growth stages has been studied. we were surprised that the size of rice alpha-amylase mrnas in the young roots, shoots, and different tissues from adult plant was shorter by approximately 250 bases than that in immature or mature embryos and aleurone layers of seed. interestingly, the difference in the size of the alpha-amylase mrnas of rice seed and vegetative tissues is due to ... | 1994 | 8048915 |
| mrna accumulation and promoter activity of the gene coding for a hydroxyproline-rich glycoprotein in oryza sativa. | the accumulation of the mrna corresponding to the gene coding for a hydroxyproline-rich glycoprotein has been studies in rice. the patterns of gene expression obtained are similar to those observed in maize in regions rich in dividing cells such as the meristematic zones of roots. however, the gene does not seem to be induced by wounding as it is the case in maize. this effect is correlated with the absence of sequences present in the promoter of the maize gene and that have been described as re ... | 1994 | 8018866 |
| sequence of a cdna encoding rice (oryza sativa l.) leaf ferredoxin-nadp+ reductase. | 1994 | 8016278 | |
| hydroxymethyl-phytochelatins [(gamma-glutamylcysteine)n-serine] are metal-induced peptides of the poaceae. | exposure of several species of the family poaceae to cadmium results in the formation of metal-induced peptides of the general structure (gamma-glu-cys)n-ser (n=2-4). they are assumed to be formed from hydroxymethyl-glutathione (gamma-glu-cys-ser) and are termed hydroxymethyl-phytochelatins (hm-pcs) in analogy to the homo-phytochelatins [(gamma-glu-cys)n-beta-ala], discovered in legumes, and the phytochelatins [pcs, (gamma-glu-cys)n-gly] found in most other plants and many fungi. the hm-pcs were ... | 1994 | 8016264 |
| molecular changes of organelle dna sequences in rice through dedifferentiation, long-term culture, or the morphogenesis process. | callus-specific rearranged dna in rice (oryza sativa l.) was isolated by in-gel reassociation procedure. southern hybridization experiments revealed that some clones were amplified significantly in primary callus induced from scutellum tissue. rapid amplification of these clones was observed within 2 days after plating seeds onto callus-induction medium containing 2,4-d. naa gave no significant effect on dna amplification event. colony formation process from isolated protoplasts and plant regene ... | 1994 | 8000003 |
| molecular cloning and biochemical characterization of a receptor-like serine/threonine kinase from rice. | a receptor-like protein kinase, ospk10, has been cloned from rice (oryza sativa). the 2.8 kb cdna contains an open reading frame capable of encoding a peptide sequence of 824 amino acids. the topological features of the predicted ospk10 protein include an n-terminal signal peptide, a cysteine-rich extracellular ligand-binding domain, a membrane-spanning segment, and a cytoplasmic domain possessing all the hallmarks of catalytic domains of eukaryotic protein kinases. the cytoplasmic domain was se ... | 1994 | 7999995 |
| protein phosphatase inhibitors enhance the expression of an alpha-amylase gene, alpha amy3, in cultured rice cells. | a rice (oryza sativa l.) gene for alpha-amylase, alpha amy3, was strongly and rapidly induced by treatment of suspension-cultured cells with okadaic acid (oa), a potent and specific inhibitor of protein serine/threonine phosphatases 1 and 2a. the massive accumulation of alpha amy3 mrna in response to oa treatment was due to the stimulation of gene transcription and a partial stabilization of this mrna. this induction of alpha amy3 message by oa occurred even though cellular protein synthesis was ... | 1994 | 7999117 |
| sequence of a cdna from oryza sativa (l.) encoding the pyruvate decarboxylase 1 gene. | 1994 | 7991697 | |
| a group of chromosomal proteins is specifically released by spermine and loses dna-binding activity upon phosphorylation. | biologically relevant concentrations as low as 500 microm spermine led to the specific release of chromatin-associated proteins from nuclei of rice (oryza sativa) seedlings. using a southwestern technique, it was shown that several of these proteins bind dna. this affinity was lost upon in organello phosphorylation by an endogenous kinase. the effect of spermine was very specific. spermidine was far less effective and putrescine was essentially ineffective in releasing these proteins. the most a ... | 1994 | 7991684 |
| organ-specific and hormone-dependent expression of genes for serine carboxypeptidases during development and following germination of rice grains. | several cdna clones encoding either serine carboxypeptidases or related proteins of oryza sativa l. were identified, and the abundance of the corresponding mrna in immature and germinated grains was examined. the deduced amino acid sequence of each cdna included key sequences, such as a pentapeptide (g-x-s-x-g/a) that is conserved among many serine carboxypeptidases, and the putative protein products were classified as two general and one novel type of cereal serine carboxypeptidases. two genera ... | 1994 | 7972496 |
| a likelihood approach for comparing synonymous and nonsynonymous nucleotide substitution rates, with application to the chloroplast genome. | a model of dna sequence evolution applicable to coding regions is presented. this represents the first evolutionary model that accounts for dependencies among nucleotides within a codon. the model uses the codon, as opposed to the nucleotide, as the unit of evolution, and is parameterized in terms of synonymous and nonsynonymous nucleotide substitution rates. one of the model's advantages over those used in methods for estimating synonymous and nonsynonymous substitution rates is that it complet ... | 1994 | 7968485 |
| partial purification and characterization of invertase isozymes from rice grains (oryza sativa). | four invertase isozymes have been isolated from the milky stage rice grains. according to the ph optima, they are classified as one alkaline (it7) and three acid invertases. the acid invertases are further divided into two soluble forms (it4 and it5) and one cell wall-bound (itb) form which was solubilized in 1 m nacl. the ph optima of itb, it4, it5 and it7 are 4.5, 3.5-4.0, 5.0 and 7.0, and the molecular masses are 42, 60, 64 and 260 kda, respectively. both it4 and it5 were bound to con a-sepha ... | 1994 | 7951078 |
| blocking of anaerobic protein synthesis destabilizes dramatically plant mitochondrial membrane ultrastructure. | to elucidate the role of "anaerobic proteins" synthesized in plant cell under anoxia, the synthesis of these proteins was inhibited in rice (oryza sativa l.) coleoptiles and leaves by cycloheximide in the course of their anaerobic incubation. electron microscopic investigations demonstrated that the blockade of protein synthesis destabilized dramatically mitochondrial membrane fine structure. data obtained testify to significant role of anoxic stress proteins in the plant cell adaptation and sur ... | 1994 | 7951058 |
| transcribed repetitive dna sequences in telomeric regions of rice (oryza sativa). | we have isolated and characterized from rice three repetitive dna sequences, os48, osc-567, and osg3-430. our results indicate that these repetitive sequences are highly transcribed, and transcripts complementary to both strands of the os48 family of sequences account for up to 3% of the total cellular rna. pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, restriction mapping, and dna sequence analyses have revealed a complex pattern of structural organization of the three families of repetitive sequences. os48 ... | 1994 | 7948882 |
| induction of chilling resistance by water stress, and cdna sequence analysis and expression of water stress-regulated genes in rice. | exposure of seedlings of a chilling-sensitive variety of rice (oryza sativa l. cv. wasetoittu) to water stress (0.5 m mannitol, 30 min) at room temperature induced a degree of chilling resistance. no such resistance was induced by exogenous abscisic acid (aba) application (10 microm, 60 min). upon short-term water stress, new transcripts were expressed in both seedlings and suspension-cultured cells. we suggest that the genes induced by short-term water stress, and not those induced by aba, are ... | 1994 | 7948880 |
| on the identification of group ii introns in nucleotide sequence data. | four different consensus sequences (gti, group ii identifiers) have been derived from domains v of known group ii introns and are used as query input sequences for sensitive database screenings with the fasta and lfasta programs. the set of four gti sequences can identify all domains v of the 96 known group ii introns in the completely sequenced chloroplast genomes of marchantia polymorpha, epifagus virginiana, oryza sativa, nicotiana tabacum and the completely sequenced mitochondrial genomes of ... | 1994 | 7932698 |
| efficient transformation of rice (oryza sativa l.) mediated by agrobacterium and sequence analysis of the boundaries of the t-dna. | a large number of morphologically normal, fertile, transgenic rice plants were obtained by co-cultivation of rice tissues with agrobacterium tumefaciens. the efficiency of transformation was similar to that obtained by the methods used routinely for transformation of dicotyledons with the bacterium. stable integration, expression and inheritance of transgenes were demonstrated by molecular and genetic analysis of transformants in the r0, r1 and r2 generations. sequence analysis revealed that the ... | 1994 | 7920717 |
| a unique sequence located downstream from the rice mitochondrial atp6 may cause male sterility. | asymmetric cell-fusion of the japonica cultivar of oryza sativa (rice) with cytoplasmic-male-sterile (cms) plants bearing cytoplasm derived from chinsurah boro ii, resulted in two classes of cytoplasmic hybrids (cybrids), fertile and cms. southern-blot analysis of the mitochondrial dna (mtdna) indicates recombination events around a number of genes; however, the appearance of the cms character is tightly correlated to reorganization around the atp6 gene, suggesting recombination downstream from ... | 1994 | 7915966 |
| expression of functional proliferating-cell nuclear antigen from rice (oryza sativa) in escherichia coli. activity in association with human dna polymerase delta. | proliferating-cell nuclear antigen (pcna), the auxiliary protein for dna polymerase delta, is one of the key factors for both pcna-dependent dna synthesis and cell-cycle progression. plant pcna genes have previously been cloned from rice, carrot, tobacco, and soybean cells by screening the cdna libraries using similarity to the human or rat pcna genes. we subcloned the relevant gene from the rice pcna cdna into an escherichia coli expression vector pmal, and the pcna protein was expressed in the ... | 1994 | 7913441 |
| saturated molecular map of the rice genome based on an interspecific backcross population. | a molecular map has been constructed for the rice genome comprised of 726 markers (mainly restriction fragment length polymorphisms; rflps). the mapping population was derived from a backcross between cultivated rice, oryza sativa, and its wild african relative, oryza longistaminata. the very high level of polymorphism between these species, combined with the use of polymerase chain reaction-amplified cdna libraries, contributed to mapping efficiency. a subset of the probes used in this study wa ... | 1994 | 7896104 |
| novel drosophila melanogaster genes encoding rrm-type rna-binding proteins identified by a degenerate pcr strategy. | we are interested in identifying drosophila melanogaster rna-binding proteins involved in important developmental decisions made at the level of mrna processing, stability, localization or translational control. a large subset of the proteins known to interact with specific rna sequences shares an evolutionarily conserved 80-90-amino-acid (aa) domain referred to as an rna-recognition motif (rrm), including two ribonucleoprotein identifier sequences known as rnp-1 and rnp-2. hence, we have herein ... | 1995 | 7890163 |
| characterization of a rice gene family encoding root-specific proteins. | two cdna clones (rcc2 and rcc3) corresponding to mrnas highly expressed only in root tissues of rice (oryza sativa l.) seedlings were characterized. respectively, they encode polypeptides of 146 (14.5 kda) and 133 amino acids (13.4 kda) that share high (> 70%) sequence similarity with a polypeptide encoded by a cdna (zrp3) encoding an mrna preferentially expressed in young maize roots. genomic dna blot analysis revealed that they are members of a small gene family and rcg2, the gene correspondin ... | 1995 | 7888615 |
| molecular and physiological responses to abscisic acid and salts in roots of salt-sensitive and salt-tolerant indica rice varieties. | the indica rice (oryza sativa l.) varieties pokkali and nona bokra are well-known salt tolerance donors in classical breeding. in an attempt to understand the molecular basis of their tolerance, physiological and gene expression studies were initiated. the effect of abscisic acid (aba) on total proteins in roots from 12-d-old seedlings of pokkali, nona bokra, and the salt-sensitive cultivar taichung n1 were analyzed on two-dimensional gels. the abundance of aba-induced proteins was highest in th ... | 1995 | 7870812 |
| inheritance of gusa and neo genes in transgenic rice. | inheritance of foreign genes neo and gusa in rice (oryza sativa l. cv. ir54 and radon) has been investigated in three different primary (t0) transformants and their progeny plants. t0 plants were obtained by co-transforming protoplasts from two different rice suspension cultures with the neomycin phosphotransferase ii gene [neo or aph (3') ii] and the beta-glucuronidase gene (uida or gusa) residing on separate chimeric plasmid constructs. the suspension cultures were derived from callus of immat ... | 1995 | 7865799 |
| characterization of an inducible p450 hydroxylase involved in the rice diterpene phytoalexin biosynthetic pathway. | ent-isopimara-8(14),15-dien-3 beta-ol (1) was isolated from uv-irradiated rice (oryza sativa l.) leaves. since 1 was converted to the rice diterpene phytoalexins and oryzalexins d (ent-isopimara-8(14),15-diene-3 beta,7 alpha-diol) and e (ent-isopimara-8(14),15-diene-3 beta,9 alpha-diol) in uv-irradiated rice leaf microsome fraction in the presence of oxygen and nadph, it was concluded that 1 was the biosynthetic precursor of these oryzalexins. this enzyme reaction was inhibited by cytochrome p45 ... | 1995 | 7864625 |
| protein quality of weaning foods based on locally available cereal and pulse combination. | locally available cereals and pulses such as rice (oryza sativa), kangini (setaria italica), sanwak (echinochloa frumentacea), green gram (vigna radiata) and jaggery were used to formulate three weaning foods. cereal, pulse and jaggery were mixed in the ratio of 70:30:25. roasting was the main processing technique used in the formulation of these weaning foods. the developed weaning foods had 5.06 to 5.68 g moisture, 10.28 to 13.71 g protein, 2.91 to 3.77 g ash, 1.08 to 1.87 g fat, 14.42 to 14.9 ... | 1994 | 7855096 |
| synthesis of an infectious full-length cdna clone of rice yellow mottle virus and mutagenesis of the coat protein. | a full-length cdna clone of rice yellow mottle sobemovirus (rymv) was synthesized and placed adjacent to a bacteriophage t7 rna polymerase promoter sequence. capped-rna transcripts produced in vitro were infectious when mechanically inoculated onto rice plants (oryza sativa l). individual full-length clones varied in their degree of infectivity but all were less infectious than native viral rna. a representative clone, designated rymv-fl5, caused a disease phenotype identical to that produced by ... | 1995 | 7831766 |
| structure and differential response to abscisic acid of two promoters for the cytosolic copper/zinc-superoxide dismutase genes, sodcc1 and sodcc2, in rice protoplasts. | we determined the 5'-flanking sequences of two nuclear genes (sodcc1 and sodcc2) encoding cytosolic copper/zinc-superoxide dismutase in rice (oryza sativa l.). utilizing transient beta-glucuronidase (gus) reporter assays, functional promoter-gus analysis was performed in rice protoplasts exposed to the phytohormone abscisic acid (aba) or the antioxidant sulfhydryl reagent, dithiothreitol (dtt). transcriptional activities from both sodcc-gus fusions were stimulated by dtt, which induces the promo ... | 1995 | 7821431 |
| improvement in hc1-extractability of minerals in home made weaning foods. | three weaning foods were formulated from locally available cereals and pulses such as rice (oryza sativa), kangini (setaria italica), sanwak (echinochloa frumentacea), green gram (vigna radiata) and jaggery. cereals and pulses were mixed in the proportion of 7:3. nutrient composition of developed weaning foods was within range prescribed by indian standard institute and was found to be acceptable. roasting was the processing technique employed in developing weaning foods which resulted in signif ... | 1995 | 7792266 |
| the human archain gene, arcn1, has highly conserved homologs in rice and drosophila. | a novel human gene, arcn1, has been identified in chromosome band 11q23.3. it maps approximately 50 kb telomeric to mll, a gene that is disrupted in a number of leukemia-associated translocation chromosomes. cdna clones representing arcn1 hybridize to 4-kb mrna species present in all tissues tested. sequencing of cdnas suggests that at least two forms of mrna with alternative 5' ends are present within the cell. the mrna with the longest open reading frame gives rise to a protein of 57 kda. alth ... | 1995 | 7782067 |
| bamhi and hindiii repetitive dna families in the rice genome. | in this paper we describe a novel method of cloning representative members of different repetitive dna families based on the screening of a rice (oryza sativa) genomic library using dna from different c0t fractions as probes. two genomic clones, which represent two different repetitive dna families in rice, were isolated by this method and have been characterized. their nucleotide sequences, copy numbers, distributions in major rice genome types, methylation patterns, and chromosomal localizatio ... | 1995 | 7774793 |
| rice cationic peroxidase accumulates in xylem vessels during incompatible interactions with xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae. | a cationic peroxidase, po-c1 (molecular mass 42 kd, isoelectric point 8.6), which is induced in incompatible interactions between the vascular pathogen xanthomonas oryzae pv oryzae and rice (oryza sativa l.), was purified. amino acid sequences from chemically cleaved fragments of po-c1 exhibited a high percentage of identity with deduced sequences of peroxidases from rice, barley, and wheat. polyclonal antibodies were raised to an 11-amino acid oligopeptide (poc1a) that was derived from a domain ... | 1995 | 7770527 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of a cdna for the alpha subunit of a g protein from rice. | we report the isolation of a cdna for the alpha subunit of a g protein from rice (oryza sativa l. cv. nipponbare). the cdna contained an open reading frame that encoded a protein of 380 amino acid residues with a mol wt of 44,204. we designated this polypeptide rga1 (rice g protein alpha subunit 1). the amino acid sequence of rga1 was 77% and 86% identical to the sequences of alpha subunits from arabidopsis thaliana and tomato (products of gpa1 and tga1), respectively, and 42% to 69% identical t ... | 1995 | 7767602 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of rga1 encoding a g protein alpha subunit from rice (oryza sativa l. ir-36). | a cdna clone, rga1, was isolated by using a gpa1 cdna clone of arabidopsis thaliana g protein alpha subunit as a probe from a rice (oryza sativa l. ir-36) seedling cdna library from roots and leaves. sequence analysis of genomic clone reveals that the rga1 gene has 14 exons and 13 introns, and encodes a polypeptide of 380 amino acid residues with a calculated molecular weight of 44.5 kda. the encoded protein exhibits a considerable degree of amino acid sequence similarity to all the other known ... | 1995 | 7766894 |
| biochemical properties of rice adenylate kinase and subcellular location in plant cells. | previously, we characterized nucleotide sequences of two cdnas encoding adenylate kinase from rice plants (oryza sativa l.). each cdna (adk-a or adk-b) was cloned into the expression vector pet 11d-gst to produce gst-ak fusion proteins in escherichia coli. recombinant proteins were cleaved by thrombin, and gst-free adenylate kinase proteins were obtained. enzyme activity profiles of different ph and inhibition effects to the enzyme by ap5a (adenosine-5'-pentaphospho-5'-adenosine) indicates that ... | 1995 | 7766884 |
| expression of functional proteins of cdna encoding rice nucleoside diphosphate kinase (ndk) in escherichia coli and organ-related alteration of ndk activities during rice seed germination (oryza sativa l.). | the gst (glutathione s-transferase)-ndk (nucleoside diphosphate kinase) fusion protein was expressed in escherichia coli. the gst-ndk protein was capable of transferring gamma-phosphate from atp to nucleoside diphosphates such as gdp, cdp, tdp and udp. western blot analysis using anti-ndk antibody indicated that ndk in endosperm gradually decreased during 36 h of imbibition. on the contrary, ndk in embryo increased during the same period. ndk activities in both tissues were in accord with these ... | 1995 | 7766875 |
| thioredoxin h is one of the major proteins in rice phloem sap. | sieve tubes play important roles in the transfer of nutrients as well as signals. hundreds of proteins were found in pure phloem sap collected from rice (oryza sativa l. cv. kantou) plants through the cut ends of insect stylets. these proteins may be involved in nutrient transfer and signal transduction. to characterize the nature of these proteins, the partial amino-acid sequence of a 13-kda protein, named rpp13-1, that was abundant in the pure phleom sap was determined. a cdna clone of 687 bp, ... | 1995 | 7766047 |
| heat-inducible rice hsp82 and hsp70 are not always co-regulated. | we have characterized several heat-shock-induced genes in rice (oryza sativa l.) and compared their expression under a variety of conditions. three of these genes, which are analogs of the hsp82/90 family, lie within a cloned 18-kilobase (kb) region of the genome. the middle member of this cluster, designated hsp82b, has been fully sequenced. the gene uses a promoter containing six putative heat-shock elements as well as several unusual sequence motifs including a stretch of 11 thymidines altern ... | 1994 | 7764623 |
| transgenic indica rice (oryza sativa l.) plants obtained by direct gene transfer to protoplasts. | we have established a reproducible procedure for transformation of protoplasts and regeneration of transgenic plants for an improved indica rice cultivar ir43. mature embryo-derived calli were placed in liquid culture medium containing maltose to establish meristematically active, embryogenic cell suspension lines. in order to obtain transgenic plants, a chimeric hygromycin phosphotransferase hph gene under the control of the cauliflower mosaic virus camv 35s promoter was introduced into protopl ... | 1994 | 7764447 |
| state of the foreign gene and of the genome in transgenic rice (oryza sativa l.). | pcr with random primers (rapd analysis) performed on the dna of embryogenic and non-embryogenic suspension cultured rice and of transformed rice plants allows the evaluation of the extent of dna changes in the different biological materials. this is thus suggested as a convenient approach, in combination with restriction analysis and southerns blotting, to evaluate the integrity of the foreign gene, the stability of the insertion site and the stability of the whole genome. | 1993 | 7763739 |
| six new candidate members of the alpha/beta twisted open-sheet family detected by sequence similarity to flavodoxin. | strong sequence similarity has been reported among wrba (the trp repressor-binding protein of escherichia coli); ycp4, a protein of unknown function from the budding yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae; p25, the pap1-dependent protein of the fission yeast schizosaccharomyces pombe; and the translation product of a partial cdna sequence from rice seedling root (oryza sativa, locus ricr02421a; here referred to as ricr). further homology search with the profile method indicates that all the above sequen ... | 1994 | 7756978 |
| metaphase and interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization mapping of the rice genome with bacterial artificial chromosomes. | fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish) is a powerful tool for physical mapping in human and other mammalian species. however, application of the fish technique has been limited in plant species, especially for mapping single- or low-copy dna sequences, due to inconsistent signal production in plant chromosome preparations. here we demonstrate that bacterial artificial chromosome (bac) clones can be mapped readily on rice (oryza sativa l.) chromosomes by fish. repetitive dna sequences in bac c ... | 1995 | 7753830 |
| the genomic organization of the gene encoding a nitrate-inducible ferredoxin-nadp+ oxidoreductase from rice roots. | a genomic clone of the gene encoding a nitrate-inducible ferredoxin-nadp+ oxidoreductase (fnr) from rice (oryza sativa l.) roots has been isolated and its nucleotide sequence determined. the clone contains 3897 nucleotides of the gene which consists of six exons interrupted by five introns. the transcription start site was determined by primer extension analysis which locates 64 bp upstream of the atg translation initiation codon. the 5'-flanking region contains canonical tata- and caat-boxes, a ... | 1995 | 7748889 |
| gibberellin promotes histone h1 kinase activity and the expression of cdc2 and cyclin genes during the induction of rapid growth in deepwater rice internodes. | partial submergence or treatment with either ethylene or gibberellin (ga) promotes rapid internodal growth in deepwater rice (oryza sativa l.). earlier work has shown that ga is the immediate hormonal signal for this growth response, which involves induction of the cell cycle at the g2/m phase transition and subsequent enhancement in the rate of dna synthesis. in all eukaryotes, onset of mitosis is regulated by the p34cdc2/cdc28 protein kinase, whose activity is assayed by in vitro phosphorylati ... | 1995 | 7742859 |
| the atx1 gene of saccharomyces cerevisiae encodes a small metal homeostasis factor that protects cells against reactive oxygen toxicity. | in aerobic organisms, protection against oxidative damage involves the combined action of highly specialized antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (sod) and catalase. here we describe the isolation and characterization of another gene in the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae that plays a critical role in detoxification of reactive oxygen species. this gene, named atx1, was originally isolated by its ability to suppress oxygen toxicity in yeast lacking sod. atx1 encodes a 8.2-kda polypep ... | 1995 | 7731983 |
| proline accumulates in plants exposed to uv radiation and protects them against uv induced peroxidation. | proline accumulated in the shoots of seedlings of rice (oryza sativa), mustard (brassica juncea) and mung bean (vigna radiata) exposed to uv radiations. the level of proline in the seedlings increased significantly with increase in uv exposure time. the production of malondialdehyde (an indice of lipid peroxidation) was also higher in the shoots of seedlings exposed to uv radiation as compared to controls, suggesting that uv radiations promote lipid peroxidation. the extent of uv radiation promo ... | 1995 | 7726821 |
| molecular cloning of the gene (sodcc1) that encodes a cytosolic copper/zinc-superoxide dismutase from rice (oryza sativa l.). | 1995 | 7724677 | |
| [pollen of gramineae and its botanical, taxonomical, and ecological aspects]. | this is a review of tropical pollens (gramineae) which cause allergy, addressed to medical workers and with emphasis in the costa rican. the graminean family poaceae is widely distributed and has great genetic plasticity. an evolutionary tendency to floral reduction has led to anemophily, with pollens ranging from large (e.g. corn, zea mays) to very small (e.g. tribes poae and avenae). this family produces a large number of pollens per panicle. the early morning production of free pollen (before ... | 1994 | 7708965 |
| use of rapd for the study of diversity within plant germplasm collections. | as part of the development of a molecular toolkit for the study of diversity within large plant germplasm collections, rapd technology has been applied to accessions of rice (oryza sativa) obtained from the major world collection held at irri (the international rice research institute) which supplies germplasm to breeders. methods for the speedy extraction of dna representative of a rice accession, its amplification by pcr to reveal reproducible products, and the analysis of the banding data usi ... | 1995 | 7706109 |
| nucleotide sequence of rice (oryza sativa l.) cdna homologous to cdc2 gene. | we isolated and determined a nucleotide sequence of a rice dna clone (ss224) denoted to rcdc2. this clone encodes an open reading frame of 302 amino acids and typical three conserved domains that exist in all cdc2 homologues. the evolutionary tree showed that rcdc2 was far from cdc2 and its homologous genes identified in various plants. | 1994 | 7703506 |
| identification and characterization of a family of genes for the plasma membrane h(+)-atpase of oryza sativa l. | a cdna clone (cosa2) encoding a plasma membrane h(+)-atpase was isolated from rice. southern blot analysis indicated that the genes that corresponds to cosa2 was different from that to cosa1. northern blots revealed osa2 mrna in roots, calli and shoots. osa1 transcripts were detected only by rt-pcr in these tissues. | 1994 | 7697296 |
| a view of plant dehydrins using antibodies specific to the carboxy terminal peptide. | dehydrins are characterized by the consensus kikeklpg amino acid sequence found near the carboxy terminus, and usually repeated from one to many times within the protein. a synthetic peptide containing this consensus sequence was used to produce specific antibodies that recognize dehydrins in a wide range of plants. this range covered two families of monocots, viz. gramineae (hordeum vulgare l., triticum aestivum l., zea mays l., oryza sativa l.) and liliaceae (allium sativa l.), and five famili ... | 1993 | 7693020 |
| complete sequence of the maize chloroplast genome: gene content, hotspots of divergence and fine tuning of genetic information by transcript editing. | the nucleotide sequence of the chloroplast (cp) dna from maize (zea mays) has been completed. the circular double-stranded dna, which consists of 140,387 base-pairs, contains a pair of inverted repeat regions (ira and irb) with 22,748 base-pairs each, which are separated by a small and a large single copy region (ssc and lsc) of 12,536 and 82,355 base-pairs, respectively. the gene content and the relative positions of a total of 104 genes (70 peptide-encoding genes, 30 trna genes and four rrna g ... | 1995 | 7666415 |
| presence of a chloroplast dna sequence in an autonomous circular dna molecule in cultured rice cells (oryza sativa l). | sequence analysis of twelve dna fragments, which had previously been found to be extensively amplified in suspension-cultured rice cells, revealed that two of them, isolated on plasmids designated pe10 and pe11, have sequences identical to distinct regions of chloroplast dna (ct-dna). both sequences are part of an extrachromosomal circular dna molecule (ecd). the molecular structure of the ecd was investigated by a combination of restriction analysis, standard and pulsed-field gel electrophoresi ... | 1995 | 7640893 |
| a novel stress-inducible metallothionein-like gene from rice. | a novel rice genomic sequence encoding coding segments homologous to other metallothionein-like genes was isolated from oryza sativa genomic library. this sequence, hereby designated as rgmt (rice genomic metallothionein-like gene), consists of two exons and one intron. from the coding sequence, it is predicted that rgmt encodes one protein of 74 amino acids. differential expression of rgmt in rice plants was observed as mature transcripts were more abundant in roots than in leaves and sheaths. ... | 1995 | 7632910 |
| a rice membrane calcium-dependent protein kinase is induced by gibberellin. | a rice (oryza sativa) seed plasma-membrane calcium-dependent serine/threonine protein kinase (cdpk) has been partially purified. comparing results in seeds that were treated with and without the plant hormone gibberellin (ga) for 10 min showed that rice cdpk was highly induced by ga. after separating solubilized membrane proteins by sodium dodecyl sulfate-gel electrophoresis, followed by renaturation, a radiolabeled phosphoprotein band of approximately 58 kd was detected, and it was apparently p ... | 1995 | 7610167 |
| structure, organization, and chromosomal location of the gene encoding a form of rice soluble starch synthase. | a rice (oryza sativa l.) genomic clone encoding the gene for a form of soluble starch synthase (sss1) and its 5'- and 3'-flanking regions has been isolated and sequenced. the sss1 gene contained 15 exons interrupted by 14 introns. the exon/intron organization of the sss1 gene was divergent from that of the rice waxy gene coding for granule-bound starch synthase, thus suggesting that the sss1 and granule-bound starch synthase genes have evolved from an ancestral gene in a different way or that th ... | 1995 | 7610165 |
| vacuolar h(+)-translocating pyrophosphatase is induced by anoxia or chilling in seedlings of rice. | the present study was undertaken to determine whether vacuolar h(+)-pyrophosphatase (v-ppase) might replace vacuolar h(+)-atpase under energy stress due to anoxia or chilling in anoxia-tolerant species such as rice (oryza sativa l.) and corn (zea mays l.). the relative transcript level of v-ppase in rice seedlings, like that of alcohol dehydrogenase 1, increased greatly under anoxia and declined again when the seedlings were returned to air. however, the distribution of transcripts in root, shoo ... | 1995 | 7610161 |