Publications

on the aetiopathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis.		1975	172002
necrotizing pneumonia and empyema due to clostridium perfringens. report of a case and review of the literature.	clostridia are rare causes of pleuropulmonary infections in the absence of penetrating chest injuries; only 10 previous cases have been reported from civilian practice. an additional case of a rapidly progressive, necrotizing pneumonia and empyema is reported. clostridial pneumonia is more likely to occur in patients with underlying pleuropulmonary disease. unlike clostridial myonecrosis, it is rarely associated with toxemia; its mortality rate is comparable to that of nonclostridial pleuropulmo ...	1975	171947
[transferrin variants: significance and identification in paternity cases (author's transl)].	transferrin phenotypes were determined in 3380 sera of unrelated persons of the western region of germany with 97.60 percent for tfc and 2.40 percent for tf variants. identification was achieved by immunochemical means or through autoradiography. relative mobilities in some variants were measured using tf b2c (0.7) as reference. application of tf variants is demonstrated in paternity cases.	1975	171873
a new criterion for implicating clostridium perfringens as the cause of food poisoning.		1975	171713
effect of clostridium perfringens epsilon toxin on the blood brain barrier of mice.	it was shown that clostridium perfringens epsilon toxin has the effect of allowing the passage of 125i polyvinyl-pyrrolidone and 125i human serum albumin into mouse brain. these substances did not enter the brains of normal control mice. the passage of albumin into the brains of mice poisoned with epsilon toxin was extremely rapid. when large doses of toxin (+/-4 000 mld) were given death ensued within 2-3 min at which stage 1,5% of the injected albumin had already entered the brain. in cases wh ...	1975	171606
[studies on clostridium perfringens as a causative organism of food poisoning. 3. growth pattern of clostridium perfringens in food].		1975	171326
purification and characterization of neuraminidase from clostridium perfringens.	clostridium perfringens cells were cultivated on a large scale using an automatic system. neuraminidase secreted by the cells into the culture medium was purified 380 000-fold by: precipitation with ammonium sulfate between 50 and 85% saturation, filtration on sephadex g-75, electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gel, and by isoelectric focusing. three enzyme fractions with different migration rates were obtained by preparative disc electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel, and five fractions with isoel ...	1975	171212
the activation of phospholipase c from clostridium welchii by quinine: an absolute requirement for calcium ions.	quinine activates the hydrolysis of phosphatidyl choline suspensions by phospholipase c (e.c. 3.1.4.3) obtained from clostridium welchii. low levels of calcium are an absolute requirement for this activation: mg2+, ba2+, sr2+, and zn2+ are ineffective. the induction period, or lag phase for this enzyme is dependent upon both calcium concentration and substrate interfacial surface area. at low concentrations (less then 50 mum) calcium ions affect the induction period but not the maximal rate of h ...	1975	171093
classification of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolases based on 18o retention in the cleavage reaction.	oxygen (18) was used as a mechanistic probe in the investigation of several different sources of fructose 1,6-bisphosphate aldolases (ec 4.1.2.13) which, due to differences in some physical and chemical properties, could not be clearly put in either class i or class ii. aldolases may be identified as belonging to a particular class on the basis of the amount of 180 retained in the dihydroxyacetone phosphate produced in the cleavage of [2-oxygen (18)] fructose 1,6-biphosphate. the mechanism of cl ...	1975	170973
infrared linear dichroism investigations of deoxyribonucleic acid complexes with poly(l-arginine) and poly(l-lysine).	complexes between dnas from various sources and poly(l-lysine) and poly(l-arginine) were studied by means of infrared linear dichroism. the measurements of dichroic ratios allowed us to determine the orientation of the phosphate group of dna in the complexes with basic polypeptides. at high relative humidities (higher than 90%, b form), the bisector of the less than opo in the complexes forms an angle with respect to the helical axis which has a value lower by about 4 degrees than in the corresp ...	1975	170956
[rifampicin effectiveness in experimental anaerobic gas infection].	the inhibitory effect of rifampicin against most of 82 strains of pathogenic clostridia was evident at a concentration of less than 0.1 gamma/ml. the bactericidal concentrations were close to the bacteriostatic ones with respect to 74 strains. the protective effect of rifampicin in mice with experimental anaerobic gaseous infaction caused by different species of pathogenic clostridia was evident at doses of 0.5 mg/kg. in infections caused by associations of clostridia and staph. aureus resistant ...	1975	170854
[early bacteriological diagnosis of infections after osteosynthesis (author's transl)].	postoperative infections after osteosynthesis belong to the most serious complications in traumatology. efforts to prevent this danger by routine antibiotic prophylaxis are mainly rejected nowadays. instead, it is studies whether infections can be diagnosed by bacteriological culture of secretions from redon drains in patients with osteosynthesis for the purpose of starting an early specific antibiotic therapy. bacteria were cultured from secretions of wounds in 11.3% of samples from 177 patient ...	1975	170760
regression line analysis for five antibiotics with strains of clostridium species.	the susceptibility of 90 strains of clostridia to 5 antibacterials was determined by the agar plate dilution method and the disc diffusion test. the correlations between minimum inhibitory concentration and inhibition zone were quite acceptable for lincomycin, clindamycin, tetracycline and doxycycline to calculate regression lines by the least square method. the strains showed comparatively wide ranges of susceptibility. for erythromycin, no regression line could be calculated, since all the str ...	1975	170669
antibiotic susceptibility of clostridium species isolated from human infections.	in antibacterial susceptibility testing by the agar plate dilution method with 252 strains of clostridium perfringens, 22 strains of c. novyi type a and 7 of c. novyi type b, with 21 strains of c. bifermentans, 12 strains of c. sordellii and 18 of c. sporogenes, the majority of the strains were inhibited by penicillin g, cephalothin, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, tinidazole and metronidazole. resistance to lincomycin and clindamycin was noticed among strains of all clostridia species as well as ...	1975	170668
food poisoning--four unusual episodes.	four unusual outbreaks of food poisoning occurring in the dunedin health district during the period 1971-1973 are described. these involved a contaminated cordial, a death associated with a clostridium perfringens outbreak, salmonellosis and infectious hepatitis in persons eating uncooked shellfish and symptoms associated with the ingestion of a normally edible fish--the trumpeter.	1975	170567
extracellular proteins in five clostridial species from human infections.	347 strains from human infections were identified by gas-liquid chromatography of metabolic products and by conventional tests. simple agar-plate assays were used to analyze the ability to form extracellular proteins. more than 90% of all strains were hemolytic on agar containing rabbit erythrocytes and all were gelatinase producers. all strains of c. bifermantans, c. sordelli, and c. sporogenes were also caseinolytic on skimmed-milk agar, but strains of c. perfringens, c. novyi types a and b we ...	1975	170498
[characteristics and types of clostridium perfringens derived from various animals].		1975	170433
[mutation of type d strain of clostridium perfringens treated with acriflavine].		1975	170432
affinity chromatography purification of clostridium perfringens enterotoxin.	anti-enterotoxin immunoglobulins immobilized on ch-sepharose or cnbr-sepharose were used for affinity chromatography purification of clostridium perfringens enterotoxin. cell extracts containing enterotoxin or partially purified toxin preparations were applied to the column and nonspecifically-bound protein was eluted. naoh was used to elute specifically bound toxin. the purity of enterotoxin purified by sephadex g-100 chromatography followed by affinity chromatography appears similar to toxin ...	1975	170205
[nitrosoguanidine-induced attenuated clostridium perfringens type a mutant in gas gangrene].	a fully virulent classical type a strain of clostridium perfringens was treated during its logarithmic growth phase with 100 mug/ml of n-méthyl-n'-nitro-n-nitrosoguanidine, the bacteria being exposed to the mutagen for 30 min at 37 degrees c in a phosphate buffer adjusted to ph 6.2; after treatment the suspension was streaked on sheep blood agar plates, and colonies that showed an alteration in the theta-hemolysis pattern were selected for isolation. the virulence of two mutants, thus altered in ...	1975	169977
fatal clostridium welchii septicaemia following acute cholecystitis.	a case of clostridium welchii septicaemia following acute cholecystitis is described. the onset was acute and a rapidly fatal outcome ensued. radiological findings were negative. an approach to the antibiotic treatment and general management is discussed.	1975	169938
organization of phospholipids in human red cell membranes as detected by the action of various purified phospholipases.	1. the action of eight purified phospholipases on intact human erythrocytes has been investigated. four enzymes, e.g. phospholipases a2 from pancreas and crotalus adamanteus, phospholipase c from bacillus cereus, and phospholipase d from cabbage produce neither haemolysis nor hydrolysis of phospholipids in intact cells. on the other hand, both phospholipases a2 from bee venom and naja naja cause a non-haemolytic breakdown of more than 50% of the lecithin, while sphingomyelinase c from staphyloco ...	1975	169915
the sterilization of gutta-percha points.	the traditional methods employed for the sterilization of gutta-percha points are unsatisfactory. the use of propylene oxide for this purpose is described and experimental evidence is advanced to support this use.	1975	169776
inhibition of clostridium botulinum by strains of clostridium perfringens isolated from soil.	thirty-one soil samples were examined for the presence of organisms capable of inhibiting growth and toxin production of strains of clostridium botulinum type a. such organisms were found in eight samples of soil. inhibiting strains of c. perfringens were found in five samples, of c. sporogenes in three and of bacillus cereus in three. three of the c. perfringens strains produced an inhibitor effective on all 11 strains of c. botulinum type a against which they were tested, seven of eight proteo ...	1975	169734
survival of human enteric and other sewage microorganisms under simulated deep-sea conditions.	the survival of pure cultures of escherichia coli, streptococcus faecalis, clostridium perfringens, and vibrio parahaemolyticus under simulated deep-sea conditions of low temperature (4 c), seawater, and hydrostatic pressures ranging from 1 to 1,000 atm was determined over a period exceeding 300 h. the viability of e. coli and total aerobic bacteria in seawater-diluted raw sewage subjected to these deep-sea conditions was also measured. there was a greater survival of both e. coli and s. faecali ...	1975	169733
anaerobic infections.		1975	169694
[inter- and intraspecific relationship between bacterial hemolysins. iii. identification of masked toxins in the exotoxin complex of staphylococcus pyogenes und cl. perfringens; significance of their existence for clarifying of the masking mechanism].		1975	169656
[analysis of the oncolytic properties of clostridium perfringens. use of an attenuated mutant and ehrlich solid carcinoma].		1975	169620
[sporulation and related problems in clostridium perfringens. physiopathological implications for food poisoning].		1975	169617
recent developments in immunization against diarrheal diseases.		1975	169592
reduction of clostridium perfringens by feed additive antibiotics in the ceca of chickens infected with eimeria tenella.	two experiments were performed ot investigate the effect of feed additive antibiotics on clostridium perfringens and enterobacteriaceae in the ceca of chickens infected with eimeria tenella. in the first experiment, chickens were continuously fed rations containing thiopeptin, 2 mg./kg.; bacitracin, 20 mg./kg.; penicillin, 12 mg./kg.; or chlortetracycline, 22 mg./kg. one day after antibiotic feed was given, each bird received an oral inoculation of 30,000 e. tenella oocysts. the growth of c. per ...	1975	169521
proceedings: heterogeneity of enterotoxin-like protein extracted from spores of clostridium perfringens type a.		1975	169416
effect of klebsiella pneumoniae enterotoxin on intestinal transport in the rat.	the effects on intestinal transport of either a semipurified preparation of enterotoxin elaborated by klebsiella pneumoniae or similaryly prepared control material were tested by marker perfusion studies in the small intestine of rats. at a concentration of 2 mg/ml, the enterotoxin produced net secretion of water, na, and cl in both jejunal and ileal segments; hco3 transport was not affected. net secretion was evident within 30 min after intorduction of the toxin and was maximal after 90 min. th ...	1975	169297
the mechanism of action of cholera toxin in pigeon erythrocyte lysates.	the adenylate cyclase activity of intact pigeon erythrocytes begins to rise after about 20 min of exposure to cholera toxin. the maximum rate at which the cyclase activity increases appears to be limited by the number of toxin molecules which can reach an intracellular target. if the erythrocytes are made permeable to the toxin by a bacterial hemolysin, no such limit exists, and adenylate cyclase activity starts to rise immediately upon the addition of toxin, and continues to rise to a maximum a ...	1975	169243
isolation and characterization of clostridium perfringens mutants altered in both hemagglutinin and sialidase production.	the relationship between the production of hemagglutinin and sialidase activities by clostridium perfringens was investigated by screening for mutants producing reduced levels of hemagglutinin activity. twelve mutants were isolated; all produced reduced levels of sialidase activity and several had other altered phenotypic markers. revertants that regained the ability to produce active hemagglutinin were isolated. all of these revertants produced increased sialidase activity. these results show t ...	1975	169224
sensitive assay for detection of toxin-induced damage to the cytoplasmic membrane of human diploid fibroblasts.	a sensitive assay was developed for detection and quantitation of subtle permeability changes in the cytoplasmic membrane of human diploid fibroblasts. release of the non-metabolizable amino acid [1-14c]alpha-aminoisobutyric acid (aib; molecular weight (103) from the cytoplasm of prelabeled cells was used as an indicator of toxin-induced membrane damage. an optimal procedure for labeling these cells was designed after varying the conditions with regard to ph, temperature, concentration of aib, c ...	1975	169201
[gas edema in broilers].		1975	169118
inhibition of glucose 6-phosphatase by pure and impure c-type phospholipases. reactivation by phospholipid dispersions and protection by serum albumin.	1. pure or impure c-type phospholipases hydrolysed rat liver microsomal phosphatides in situ at 5 degrees or 37 degrees c. at 5 degrees c mean hydrolysis of total phospholipids was 90% by bacillus cereus and 75% by clostridium perfringens (clostridium welchii) c-type phospholipases. 2. four degrees of inhibition of glucose 6-phosphatase (d-glucose 6-phosphate phosphohydrolase; ec 3.1.3.9) resulted. (a) at 37 degrees c inhibition was virtually complete and apparently irreversible. (b) at 5 degree ...	1975	168886
radiation resistance of spores of some clostridium perfringens strains.	clostridium perfringens spores (eight strains) were irradiated in a model system with 60co gamma rays at -30 c. the quantal response data obtained were analyzed with extreme value statistics. it was found (at the 95% confidence level) that all eight strains followed the same rate of death and that this rate was probably (at the 95% level) not exponential. the statistics did not exclude, however, a normal, lognormal, weibull, or related rate of spore kill. a more definitive study would be require ...	1975	168810
taxonomy of the clostridia: ribosomal ribonucleic acid homologies among the species.	rrna homologies have been determined on reference strains representing 56 species of clostridium. competition experiments using tritium-labelled 23s rrna were employed. the majority of the species had dna with 27 to 28% guanine plus cytosine (%gc). these fell into rrna homology groups i and ii, which were well defined, and a third group which consisted of species which did not belong in groups i and ii. species whose dna was 41 to 45% gc comprised a fourth group. thirty species were placed into ...	1975	168308
the quantitative bacteriology of some commercial bivalve shellfish entering british markets.	incidents of non-specific illness associated with the consumption of oysters have highlighted the lack of published information on the bacteriology of shellfish suitable for consumption. investigations showed that the majority of molluscan shellfish entering english markets conform to the accepted standard of less than 5 escherichia coli/ml. tissue. the numbers of e. coli were related to the sanitary quality of the growing area but no relation could be established between numbers of e. coli and ...	1975	168251
measurement of biological activities of purified and crude enterotoxin of clostridium perfringens.	enterotoxin of clostridium perfringens was assayed and compared with toxicity in mice and erythemal activity in guinea pigs. conversion factors were used to express these biological activities of crude enterotoxin in terms of weight of pure enterotoxin protein. one microgram of enterotoxin was equivalent to 3.41 erythema units and to 0.68 mouse median lethal dose.	1975	168155
effects of clostridium perfringens enterotoxin on metabolic indexes of everted rat ileal sacs.	everted sacs of rat ileum were incubated in ringer phosphate solution while oxygen uptake, glucose uptake, and lactate production were determined. sacs treated with clostridium perfringens enterotoxin, in the form of crude cell-free extract and purified protein, consumed significantly less oxygen than untreated sacs. however, the toxin-treated sacs took up glucose and produced lactate at levels that were not significantly different than those observed in controls. we conclude that oxidative meta ...	1975	168153
interactions of heteroaromatic compounds with nucleic acids. 2. influence of substituents on the base and sequence specificity of intercalating ligands.	this paper presents the results of a systematic study on the effects of substituents on the base and sequence specificity of tricyclic heteroaromatic compounds interacting with dna by intercalation. all the compounds tested are derived from proflavine and acridine orange analogs with different heteroatoms in the middle ring. their base and sequence specificities were determined by differential dialysis of the ligand against dna samples of differing g-c content. the main results indicate that (a) ...	1975	168079
[plasmids controlling the resistance to several antibiotics in c. perfringens type a, strain 659].	a strain of c. perfringens type a, isolated from a patient, was found to be resistant to four antibiotics: tetracycline (tet), chloramphénicol (chl), erythromycin (ero) and clindamycin (cli). clones resistant to only two drugs (tet-chl or ero-cli), or sensitive to all drugs were found in cultures of the wild-type strain treated by acridine dyes or ethidium bromide. dna analysis by equilibrium centrifugation confirmed that the original strain contains two resistance plasmids, one called rip 401 ( ...	1975	167997
characterization of human alpha-galactosidase a and b before and after neuraminidase treatment.	it has been previously reported that following neuraminidase treatment alpha-galactosidase a is converted into the b form, as revealed by electrophoresis. by a variety of techniques such as isoelectrofocusing, deae-chromatography and by enzyme kinetic parameters, no conversion of alpha-galactosidase a into b, or the reverse, could be detected after neuraminidase treatment. only an apparent transformation of alpha-galactosidase a into b was revealed by cellogel electrophoresis. in addition, a dis ...	1975	167833
the dna melting transition in aqueous magnesium salt solutions.	the melting transition of the magnesium salt of dna has been systematically examined in the presence of various types of anions. the addition of clo4- to a concentration of 3.0 n results in the biphasic optical transition, with the first phase exhibiting rapid reversibility and independence of the dna concentration. this subtransition, which is interpreted as an intramolecular condensation to a collapsed form of dna, is followed by a dna concentration-dependent aggregation reaction. the aggregat ...	1975	167826
template specificity of the cytoplasmic dna polymerase in xenopus laevis oocytes.		1975	167780
presence of endo-beta-n-acetylglucosaminidase and protease activities in the commercial neuraminidase preparations isolated from clostridium perfringens.		1975	167779
on the structure of the peptidoglycan of cell walls from myxobacter al-1 (myxobacterales).	basically the peptidoglycan of myxobater al-1 consists of alternating beta-1,4-linked n-acetylglucosamic-n-acetylmuramic acid chains. after splitting the aminosugar backbone with a specific algal enzyme three subunits arise: a monomer, a dimer and a timer. investigation of the monomer with specific enzymes and comparison of the degradation products to standards derived from other bacterial peptidoglycans suggest the following structure of the monomer peptide: l-alanyl-d-glutamic-l-meso-diaminopi ...	1975	167671
wound infection during the yom kippur war: observations concerning antibiotic prophylaxis and therapy.	eighty-eight episodes of wound associated infection were identified among 624 consecutively admitted battlefield casualties. ninety-one per cent of infections occurred during the administration of antibiotic therapy or prophylaxis and 65% were associated with the use of multiple antibacterial agents. gram negative bacillary and mixed microbial infection predominated and were found to increase in relative incidence after the second day of hospitalization. appropriate therapy, based on disc sensit ...	1975	167666
growth curves of anaerobic bacteria in solid media.	simple pour plate and spectrophotometric techniques for the evaluation of growth curves of several anaerobic bacteria on solid media are described. three basic patterns of anaerobic growth were observed. the curves obtained were very reproducible when studied on separate occasions. the curves obtained by spectrophotometric measurement were comparable to those obtained by the pour plate method, especially when a large bacterial inoculum was used. limitations in the interpretation of the results a ...	1975	167660
a highly efficient solid-phase radioimmune assay for a clostridial toxin.		1975	167605
anaerobic infections of the female genital tract.	anaerobic bacterial organisms are a frequent cause of female genital tract infections. there has been a lack of appreciation of the significant role anaerobes play in obstetric and gynecologic infections. utilization of newer appropriate anaerobic culture techniques has shown the importance of these organisms as pathogens in serious infections of the genital tract. many species of anaerobic bacteria appear to be part of the normal microflora of the lower genital tract in female subjects. similar ...	1975	167582
outbursting wedges of the colonies of clostridium welchii containing chain forming mutants after ultra violet irradiation.	cl. welchii nctc 6785 was irradiated with uv light. the 40 minutes irradiated cells after 3-8 days ageing at room temperature (22-25 degrees c) and 48 hours initial incubation at 37 degrees c produced hairy outbursting wedges. these wedges gave rise to the colonies composed of chain forming mutants, which on transfer into the fluid medium grew into a pure chain forming culture.	1975	167536
antibiotic susceptibility testing of anaerobic bacteria by the standardized disc diffusion method with special reference to bacteroides fragilis.	the susceptibility of 90 strains of bacteroides fragilis to 16 antibacterial drugs was determined by the agar plate dilution test and the disc diffusion test. good correlation of results was obtained with the two methods, and regression line analysis could be performed for beta-lactam antibiotics, erythromycin, tetracyclines, lincomycin and clindamycin. thus the standardized disc diffusion method can be used for susceptibility testing, but only a clear distinction between sensitive and resistant ...	1975	167431
specifity of dna-basic polypeptide interactions. influence of neutral residues incorporated into polylysine and polyarginine.	an approach is described for evaluation of the specificity of basic polypeptides concerning the base pair composition of dna. the polypeptides were covalently bound to cnbr activated agarose and two dnas strongly different in base composition but of equal molecular weight were loaded and detached by a nacl gradient. the difference in the nacl concerntrations between the elution maxima of the two dnas was taken as a measure for the recognition specificity. the results obtained confirmed the known ...	1975	167352
phospholipase c catalyzed formation of sphinogomyelin--14c from lecithin and n-(-14c)-oleoyl-sphingosine.	commercial preparations of clostreidium perfringens were incubated with phosphatidyl choline and n-1-(-14c) oleoylsphingosine. a radioactive product was formed which cochromatogramed with spingomyelin standard in three different solvent systems. several other phospholipases and phosphatases were unable to catalyze this reaction. neither choline, phosphoryl choline, cytidine diphosphate choline nor p-nitrophenyl phosphoryl choline were acitve donors. sphingomyelin was only slightly active as ...	1975	167259
buoyant density sedimentation of macromolecules in sodium iothalamate density gradients.		1975	167175
the production of neuraminidase by food poisoning strains of clostridium welchii (c. perfringens).	the production of neuraminidase by a classical strain of clostridium welchii (c. perfringens) type a was studied. good yields were produced in 5% proteose peptone-water medium (ppw5); the enzyme was essentially extracellular but some further neuraminidase could be released by ultrasonic disintegration of the cells. this also released n-acyl neuraminic acid-aldolase (nan-aldolase) and the degree to which this interferes with the assay for neuraminidase was evaluated. forty-one british reference f ...	1975	167169
the identification and purification of multiple forms of theta-haemolysin (theta-toxin) of clostridium perfringens type a.	the theta-haemolysin of clostridium perfringens was purified from culture supernatant fluids of type a strains by fractional ammonium sulphate precipitation and isoelectric focusing in narrow ph 5 to 8 gradients. four components detected on electrofocusing were designated theta-1(pi6-8to6-9),theta-2(pi6-5to6-6),theta-3(pi6-1to6-3) and theta-4(pi5-7to5-9). specific activities ranged from 0-4 x 10-6 to 1-2 x 10-6 haemolytic units/mg protein and 2950 to 3600 ld-50/mg protein. each haemolytic compon ...	1975	167102
vascular leakage produced in the brains of mice by clostridium welchii type d toxin.		1975	167060
clostridium welchii arthritis. case report.		1975	167025
interactions between aerolysin, erythrocytes, and erythrocyte membranes.	aerolysin, a hemolytic and lethal exotoxin of aeromonas hydrophila, was analyzed for amino acids. assuming 8 histidine residues/mol, the purified toxic protein has, by summation, a molecular weight of 49,000, a value in agreement with earlier estimates by other methods. erythrocytes from different animal species differ greatly in sensitivity to aerolysin's lytic action. there is some correlation between sensitivity and phosphatidyl choline content. erythrocyte membranes of different species bind ...	1975	166917
the effect of phospholipase c treatment of microsomes on cytochromes p-450 and b5.		1975	166883
[etiology of anaerobic infections in cattle and sheep in latin america. i. field experience and laboratory research].		1975	166532
acute enteritis in rabbits: spontaneous infection by clostridium perfringens type a.		1975	166529
[effectiveness of gas gangrene anatoxins in revaccination by the aerosol method].		1975	166512
[acute bovine mastitis caused by clostridium perfringens type a (author's transl.)].	an acute case of bovine mastitis caused by clostridium perfringens type a is described. the condition appeared before delivery and was characterised by gas formation in the udder and severe general signs. in spite of parenteral treatment with large doses of penicillin and streptomycin combined with frequent stripping of the udder the animal died two days after the onset of symptoms. the strain isolated proved sensitive to penicillin, chloramphenicol and tetracyclin, but resistant to streptomycin ...	1975	166353
the physiological function of nitrate reduction in clostridium perfringens.	fermentation-balance studies have been carried out on clostridium perfringens grown in the presence and absence of nitrate in the medium. nitrate is able to serve as an electron acceptor for these bacteria, permitting increased growth yields over those obtained in its absence. this increase is due to an increase in the proportion of metabolite molecules which can participate in substrate-level phosphorylation reactions when an inorganic acceptor is available. the nitrate reduction can be regarde ...	1975	166143
the effect of phospholipase c treatment on the latency and sedimentability of rat liver microsomal nucleoside diphosphatase.		1975	165963
interconversion of bacterial agents causing botulism and gas gangrene.		1975	165441
tritium labeling of sialylated glycoprotein hormones.		1975	165378
the mucosubstance coating the pneumonocytes in the lungs of xenopus laevis and lacerta viridis.	the layer of mucosubstance that is associated with the free surface membranes of the pneumonocytes in the lungs of the toad xenopus laevis and the lizard lacerta viridis was demonstrated by electron microscopy using iron oxide stain. the form and staining reactions of the mucosubstance layer were similar in both animals. in electron micrographs the mucosubstance was represented by a band of densely stained material (25-50 nm thick) which coated the entire free surface of the pneumonocytes. it ap ...	1975	165163
changes in surface carbohydrate of human erythrocytes aged in vivo.		1975	165104
restorative effect of normal human serum, transfer factor and thymosin on the ability of heated human lymphocytes to form rosettes with sheep erythrocytes.		1975	165007
clostridium welchii corneal ulcer--a case report.	a case of corneal ulcer in a 10-year-old nigerian boy in which clostridium welchii and achromobacter were isolated is reported. the absence of trauma and rarity of only corneal involvement in a clostridial infection is emphasized. the bacteriology of the clostridial infection is emphasized. the bacteriology of the clostridial ocular infections is reviewed, the media necessary for isolation of the organism and the symbiotic relationship with other bacteria are discussed. the clinical course of th ...	1975	164996
sialoglycopeptides from bovine milk fat globule membrane.	milk fat globule membrane was shown to contain sialic acid, all of which could be released without disruption of the fat globule. sialoglycopeptides were cleaved from the surface of intact fat globules by pronase and fractionated on sephadex g-50. further fractionation of the major sialoglycopeptide peak on deae-sephadex gave two groups of sialoglycopeptides eluted with 0.1 m nacl (group a) and 0.5 m nacl (group b), respectively. refractionation gave a major sialoglycopeptide from each of the tw ...	1975	164945
interaction of clostridium perfringens theta-haemolysin, a contaminant of commercial phospholipase c, with erythrocyte ghost membranes and lipid dispersions. a morphological study.	commercially available preparations of phospholipase c from clostridium perfringens are commonly contaminated with theta haemolysin, one of a group of bacterial haemolysins called oxygen labile (o-labile) haemolysins. treatment of erythrocyte ghosts and a mixed lipid dispersion containing cholesterol with commercially available phospholipase c in the absence of ca-2+ and the presence of phosphate buffer and/or edta resulted in the formation and release of ring or arc-shaped structures. highly pu ...	1975	164911
structures of gangliosides from bovine adrenal medulla.	five gangliosides, accounting for over 95% of the total ganglioside fraction, were isolated from bovine adrenal medulla by preparative thin-layer chromatography and the carbohydrate structures determined by a combination of periodate oxidation and permethylation techniques. partially methylated alditol acetates were generated from the neutral sugars of the fully methylated glycolipids and identified by gas-liquid chromatography. substitution on n-acetylgalactosamine was determined by methanolysi ...	1975	164890
studies on interaction between histone v (f2c) and deoxyribonucleic acids.	histone v (2fc) from chick erythroctes was used in the study of its interaction with dna from various sources. complexes between this histone and dna were formed using the procedure of continuous nacl gradient dialysis in urea. two physical methods, namely thermal denaturation and circular dichroism (cd), were used as analytical tools. thermal denaturation of nucleohistone v with chick or calf thymus dna shows three melting bands: band i at 45-50 degrees corresponds to free base pairs; band ii a ...	1975	164887
lipid-protein interactions in mitochondria. the effect of protein interaction on susceptibility of phospholipids to phospholipase a2 and c hydrolysis.		1975	164836
comments on ulcerative enteritis.		1975	164805
ulcerative enteritis--clostridial antigens.	the causative agent of ulcerative enteritis (ue) is a clostridium and it is believed that it belongs to a new, hitherto undescribed species. it has been named, tentatively, clostridium colinum. transmission experiments carried out with artificial cultures of this clostridium have clarified some aspects of the pathogenesis of ue and have brought into focus other aspects of its pathogenesis, epizootiology, and immunology that need to be investigated. support for research is needed: 1) to investiga ...	1975	164804
[use of a synthetic medium for cultivating pathogenic anaerobes].	it was shown that a synthetic medium suggested by the authors earlier was useful for the growth and toxin formation of cl. tetani, cl. botulinum and cl. perfringens, types b and e. a study of the character of growth and toxinogensis, microscopic examination of morphology of culture cells and results of passages showed the suggested synthetic medium to be of value; a possibility of its application for studying the nutrient requirements and the role of individual components of the nutrient media i ...	1975	164749
analysis of homozygous serum alpha1-antitrypsins: effects of neuraminidase.		1975	164647
prophylactic antibiotics in cesarean section.	using a random selection procedure, 100 patients were evaluated in order to determine the value of prophylactic antibiotics in cesarean section. all patients were evaluated for febrile morbidity, and specific infection sites were recorded. significant differences were found between the treated and control groups and between cesarean sections performed prior to the onset of labor and after the onset of labor.	1975	164642
isolation of free brown and white fat cells.		1975	164607
catabolism of photo-oxidized and desialylated hemopexin in the rabbit.	following injection of rabbit 125i-asialohemopexin, more than 90% of the protein-bound 125i was removed from the circulation of rabbits within 12 min. the amount of asialoprotein in the catabolic compartment reached a peak concentration (75 to 85%) 12 min after injection and was completely eliminated from this compartment within 2 hours. the degradation products were excreted into the urine, with 50 to 70% of the 125i eliminated during the first 24 hours and 90 to 95% excreted by 48 hours. analy ...	1975	164457
the compatibility of netropsin and actinomycin binding to natural deoxyribonucleic acid.	the simultaneous binding of netropsin and actinomycin to four natural dnas was studied to determine the influence of one ligand on the binding of the other. actinomycin binds specifically to gc sites, whereas netropsin binds specifically to at sites. spectral titrations, thermal denaturation, and analytical buoyant density centrifugation were employed to measure the binding interference of these drugs. the binding of actinomycin to dna was decreased by the presence of netropsin. increasing the g ...	1975	164447
characterization of enterotoxin purified from clostridium perfringens type c.	enterotoxin produced by a sporulating culture of clostridium perfringens type c, which had been isolated from a case of severe necrotic enteritis, was purified. the molecular weight was estimated to be 36,000 by gel chromatography on sephadex g-100 and 33,400 by ultracentrifugation. the sedimentation coefficient s20,w was 2.92. the toxin protein exhibited unusual behavior on sodium dodecyl sulfate gels, and toxin aggregates having molecular weights of 68,000, 85,000, 105,000, and 140,000 were ob ...	1975	164411
determination of toxin-induced leakage of different-size nucleotides through the plasma membrane of human diploid fibroblasts.	human diploid lung fibroblasts were treated with cytolytic bacterial toxins and the nature of the membrane damage was investigated. [3h] uridine was used for differential labeling of cytoplasmic components of small or large molecular size. two principal size categories were achieved by labeling the fibroblasts in either early growth phase or stationary phase, a high-molecular weight ribonucleic acid label and a low-molecular-weight nucleotide label. the size of the labeled molecules was determin ...	1975	164404
changes in phosoholipid susceptibility toward phospholipases induced by atp depletion in avian and amphibian erythrocyte membranes.	about half of the sphingomyelin content of fresh and atp-depleted chicken erythrocytes is hydrolysed by sphingomyelinase. removal of spingomyelin exposes the rest of the membrane phospholipids to hydrolysis by phospholipase c only in atp-depleted but not in fresh cells. addition of both sphinogomyelinase and phospholipase c to atp-depleted cells causes about 60-70 percent hydrolysis of the total phospholipids accompanied by extensive (90 percent) hemolysis. the phospholipids of toad erythrocytes ...	1975	164239
interaction of 4,5-dibromo-2,7-di-(acetatomercuri)-fluorescein with dnas of different base composition.	the changes in absorption spectra in the visible region observed on adding different naturally occurring and synthetic dna duplexes to solutions of 4,5-dibromo-2,7-di-(acetatomercuri)-fluorescein indicate that the mercurial reacts with polynucleotides of this type. the reaction is reversible as proved by adding excess of kcn which restores the original spectra of the free dye. the interaction is characterised also by quenching of the fluorescence of the dye and the induction of optical activity ...	1975	164231
effects of proteases and neuraminidase on rbc surface charge and agglutination. a kinetic study.	electrophoretic mobility, membrane sialic acid content and agglutinability by "incomplete" antisera against rh-o, hr' and k antigens were determined for red blood cells in the course of treatment with trypsin, ficin and neuraminidase. neuraminidase gradually produces a slight to moderate agglutinability as it reduced surface charge density in proportion to the amount of sialic acid removed. proteases acted in two distinct steps. the first stage is characterized by the cells rapidly becoming high ...	1975	164087
an outbreak of c welchii type c enterotoxaemia in young lambs in south west scotland.		1975	164082
antitoxin titer in colostrum and milk after vaccination of sows with clostridium perfringens type c toxoid vaccine.		1975	164076
the relation between the rabbit potency test and the response of sheep to sheep clostridial vaccines.	six commercially available clostridial vaccines comprising one oil-emulsion, two alum-precipitated and three aluminum hydroxide adjuvanted preparations, each containing between two and seven antigenic components, were administered to groups of 10 rabbits and eight sheep in accordance with manufacturers' recommendations. serum antitoxic values to cl welchii beta, cl welchii epsilon, cl septicum, cl oedematins and cl tetani toxins were determined 14 days after completion of each vaccination course ...	1975	164058
asymmetry of influenza virus membrane bilayer demonstrated with phospholipase c.		1975	163976
susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria to metronidazole: relative resistance of non-spore-forming gram-positive baccilli.	susceptibility of 358 clinical isolates of obligate anaerobes to metronidazole was determined by an agar-dilution technique. only 66% of all isolates were inhibited by 6.25 mug/ml, whereas 30% required larger than or equal to 50 mug/ml. considerable variation in susceptibility was observed among different genera and species of bacteria. fusobacterium was most senstitive, followed by clostridium, bacteroides and peptococcus, peptostreptococcus, veillonella and acidaminococcus, and non-spore-formi ...	1975	163867