Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| role of gluconeogenesis and the tricarboxylic acid cycle in the virulence of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium in balb/c mice. | in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium, the cra protein (catabolite repressor/activator) regulates utilization of gluconeogenic carbon sources by activating transcription of genes in the gluconeogenic pathway, the glyoxylate bypass, the tricarboxylic acid (tca) cycle, and electron transport and repressing genes encoding glycolytic enzymes. a serovar typhimurium sr-11 deltacra mutant was recently reported to be avirulent in balb/c mice via the peroral route, suggesting that gluconeogenesis ma ... | 2006 | 16428761 |
| cre reporter system to monitor the translocation of type iii secreted proteins into host cells. | central to the study of type iii secretion systems is the availability of reporter systems to monitor bacterial protein translocation into host cells. we report here the development of a bacteriophage p1 cre recombinase-based system to monitor the translocation of bacterial proteins into mammalian cells. bacteriophage p1 cre recombinase fused to the secretion and translocation signals of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium of the type iii secreted protein sope was secreted in a type iii secr ... | 2006 | 16428755 |
| role for inducible costimulator in control of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium infection in mice. | inducible costimulator (icos) is expressed on activated t cells and plays a key role in sustaining and enhancing the effector function of cd4 t cells. given the function of this molecule in sustaining t-cell responses, we reasoned that icos might play an important role in a prolonged infection model, such as salmonella infection of mice. to test this hypothesis, wild-type (wt) and icos-deficient (icos-/-) mice were infected systemically with a salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium strain expre ... | 2006 | 16428752 |
| salmonella enterica strains lacking the frataxin homolog cyay show defects in fe-s cluster metabolism in vivo. | in salmonella enterica, the isc operon contains genes necessary for the synthesis of fe-s clusters and strains lacking this operon have severe defects in a variety of cellular processes. other cellular loci that impact fe-s cluster synthesis to a lesser extent have been described. the cyay locus encodes a frataxin homolog, and it is shown here that lesions in this locus affect fe-s cluster metabolism. when present in combination with other lesions, mutations in cyay can result in a strain with m ... | 2006 | 16428423 |
| flja-mediated posttranscriptional control of phase 1 flagellin expression in flagellar phase variation of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | flagellar phase variation of salmonella is a phenomenon where two flagellin genes, flic (phase 1) and fljb (phase 2), are expressed alternately. this is controlled by the inversion of a dna segment containing the promoter for the fljb gene. the fljb gene constitutes an operon with the flja gene, which encodes a negative regulator for flic expression. previous biochemical analysis suggested that phase variation might depend on alternative synthesis of phase-specific flagellin mrna (h. suzuki and ... | 2006 | 16428400 |
| two dna invertases contribute to flagellar phase variation in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium strain lt2. | salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium strain lt2 possesses two nonallelic structural genes, flic and fljb, for flagellin, the component protein of flagellar filaments. flagellar phase variation occurs by alternative expression of these two genes. this is controlled by the inversion of a dna segment, called the h segment, containing the fljb promoter. h inversion occurs by site-specific recombination between inverted repetitious sequences flanking the h segment. this recombination has been show ... | 2006 | 16428399 |
| effects of lactobacilli and lactose on salmonella typhimurium colonisation and microbial fermentation in the crop of the young turkey. | 1. three experiments were performed to examine the effects of lactobacilli and lactose on microbial fermentation and salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium colonisation in the crop of the young turkey. 2. the following carboxylic acids were detected in the crop ingesta: formic, acetic, butyric, lactic, valeric, caproic, oxalic, phenyl acetic, succinic and fumaric; propionic, isobutyric and isovaleric acids were not detectable. 3. at the beginning of the night, there were considerable quantities ... | 2005 | 16428114 |
| eggshell characteristics and penetration by salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis through the production period of a layer flock. | 1. egg weight, shell thickness, number of pores, cuticle deposition and ability of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis (se) to penetrate the shell were determined for eggs from one layer flock through the entire production period. 2. penetration was assessed by filling the eggs with a selective medium that allowed visualising salmonella growth on the inside of the shell and membrane complex. after inoculation of each shell with on average 2.59 log cfu, the eggs were stored for up to 20 d at ... | 2005 | 16428112 |
| improvement and validation of rapd in combination with pfge analysis of salmonella enterica ssp. enterica serovar senftenberg strains isolated from feed mills. | in 1995 and 1996 a swedish feed mill had problems due to a persistent contamination of salmonella enterica spp. enterica serovar senftenberg that was difficult to eliminate. forty-eight strains isolated from the feed mill, together with unrelated strains included to evaluate the discriminatory power and reproducibility, were analysed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge). the source of contamination in the feed mill was identified and preventative measures were taken, that led to a resoluti ... | 2006 | 16427217 |
| differential reactive oxygen and nitrogen production and clearance of salmonella serovars by chicken and mouse macrophages. | the objective of the present study was to compare the uptake and killing of salmonella serovars by murine and avian macrophage cell lines. we used salmonella enterica serovars enteritidis (se338) and typhimurium (sr11) for this study. uptake of green fluorescent protein-labeled bacteria was measured using flow cytometry. cell sorting and plating of viable infected macrophages demonstrated that bacterial clearance was significantly better with j774a.1 compared with hd11 cells. hd11 cells produced ... | 2006 | 16427126 |
| salmonella porins induce a sustained, lifelong specific bactericidal antibody memory response. | we examined the ability of porins from salmonella enterica serovar typhi to induce a long-term antibody response in balb/c mice. these porins triggered a strong lifelong production of immunoglobulin g (igg) antibody in the absence of exogenous adjuvant. analysis of the igg subclasses produced during this antibody response revealed the presence of the subclasses igg2b, igg1, igg2a and weak igg3. despite the high homology of porins, the long-lasting anti-s. typhi porin sera did not cross-react wit ... | 2006 | 16423041 |
| foodborne bacterial infection and hospitalization: a registry-based study. | foodborne bacterial gastrointestinal infections are important causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and despite successful control programs in some developed countries, these infections continue to have a major impact on public health and economy. | 2006 | 16421794 |
| an outbreak of human salmonellosis caused by ampicillin-resistant salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis pt13 in the czech republic. | in summer 2004, an outbreak caused by salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis phage type 13 (s. enteritidis pt13) was recorded in the czech republic. as well being a relatively rare phage type the strain was also ampicillin resistant. outbreak (n=39) and pre-outbreak isolates (n=13) were characterized by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge), beta-lactamase gene polymerase chain reaction and plasmid profile. the majority of outbreak isolates (n=37) were identical in xbai pfge profile, and two ... | 2006 | 16420725 |
| characterization of virulence factors in the newly described salmonella enterica serotype keurmassar emerging in senegal (sub-saharan africa). | from 2000 to 2001, nine strains of salmonella enterica belonging to the new serotype keurmassar have been isolated from human and poultry samples at the senegalese national salmonella and shigella reference laboratory at the pasteur institute, in dakar. all strains carried virulence factors including salmonella pathogenicity islands (spi)-1, -2, -3 and -5 encoded genes. strains did not harbour virulence plasmid. ribotyping analysis revealed a single clone identical to salmonella decatur isolated ... | 2006 | 16420724 |
| antimicrobial resistance types and genes in salmonella enterica infantis isolates from retail raw chicken meat and broiler chickens on farms. | salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype infantis isolates from retail raw chicken meat (n = 98) and broiler chickens on farms (n = 70) were examined for antimicrobial susceptibility and antimicrobial resistance genes. a total of 15 antimicrobial resistance types, 14 in meat and 10 in broiler isolates, were identified, and 9 of the 15 types were indistinguishable between meat and broiler isolates. resistance to both oxytetracycline and dihydrostreptomycin accounted for 94.0% of the resistanc ... | 2006 | 16416922 |
| sensitivities of foodborne pathogens to pressure changes. | eight foodborne pathogens were suspended in ultrahigh-temperature whole milk and treated at pressure levels of 0.1 to 690 mpa at 21.5 degrees c for 10 min. there was no clear trend in pressure resistance between gram-negative and gram-positive organisms. the order of the single strains tested, from most to least pressure sensitive, was vibrio parahaemolyticus < yersinia enterocolitica < listeria monocytogenes < salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium < s. enterica serovar enteritidis < escherich ... | 2006 | 16416910 |
| rational design of salmonella-based vaccination strategies. | a permanently growing body of information is becoming available about the quality of protective immune responses induced by mucosal immunization. attenuated live bacterial vaccines can be administered orally and induce long-lasting protective immunity in humans without causing major side effects. an attenuated salmonella enterica serovar typhi strain is registered as live oral vaccine against typhoid fever and has been in use for more than two decades. recombinant attenuated salmonella strains a ... | 2006 | 16414270 |
| dna examination of ancient dental pulp incriminates typhoid fever as a probable cause of the plague of athens. | until now, in the absence of direct microbiological evidence, the cause of the plague of athens has remained a matter of debate among scientists who have relied exclusively on thucydides' narrations to introduce several possible diagnoses. a mass burial pit, unearthed in the kerameikos ancient cemetery of athens and dated back to the time of the plague outbreak (around 430 bc), has provided the required skeletal material for the investigation of ancient microbial dna. | 2006 | 16412683 |
| trends in antimicrobial resistance phenotypes in non-typhoid salmonellae from human and poultry origins in france. | a total of 1873 strains from human origin and 4283 strains from non-human origin of salmonella enterica serotypes typhimurium, enteritidis, heidelberg, hadar and virchow, collected over three years 1993, 1997 and 2000, were examined in order to determine the rate of antimicrobial resistance to 12 antimicrobial drugs. the objective of the study was to describe and to compare the evolution of the main resistance types in human and non-human isolates, focusing on the poultry sector. the evolution a ... | 2006 | 16409665 |
| use of igg avidity elisa to differentiate acute from persistent infection with salmonella dublin in cattle. | to investigate whether an immunoglobulin (ig)g avidity elisa can be used to differentiate between acute and persistent infection with salmonella (s.) dublin in cattle. to determine whether the igg isotype, igg(1) and igg(2) responses in acute and persistent infections differ. | 2006 | 16405694 |
| assessing genetic diversity in plasmids from escherichia coli and salmonella enterica using a mixed-plasmid microarray. | to compare genetic composition of plasmids using microarrays composed of randomly selected fragments of plasmid dna. | 2006 | 16405681 |
| the secreted salmonella dublin phosphoinositide phosphatase, sopb, localizes to ptdins(3)p-containing endosomes and perturbs normal endosome to lysosome trafficking. | invasion and survival in mammalian cells by salmonella enterica is mediated by bacterial proteins that are delivered to the host cell cytoplasm by type iii secretion systems. one of these proteins, sopb/sigd, is a phosphoinositide phosphatase that can hydrolyse a number of substrates in vitro including ptdins(3,5)p2. these substrates are, however, likely to be restricted in vivo by the localization of sopb, as different phosphoinositides have distinct spatial distributions in mammalian cells. in ... | 2006 | 16396630 |
| an austrian outbreak of salmonella enteritidis phage type 36 in 2004. | in june 2004, an egg packing station was epidemiologically incriminated as possibly distributing the vehicle of the salmonella enterica subsp. enterica ser. typhimurium definitive type (dt) u291 outbreak which began in september 2003 and--as of june 2004 affected more than 100 persons all over austria and 8 german tourists. a total of 68 egg producing farms were screened for salmonella. whereas all samples tested negative for s. typhimurium dt u291, one batch of laying hens was identified as bei ... | 2005 | 16395989 |
| the mammalian ionic environment dictates microbial susceptibility to antimicrobial defense peptides. | antimicrobial peptides (amps) have been shown in animal and human systems to be effective natural antibiotics. however, it is unclear how they convey protection; they often appear inactive when assayed under culture conditions applied to synthetic antibiotics. this inactivation has been associated with loss of function in physiological concentrations of nacl or serum. in this study we show that the balance of host ionic conditions dictate microbial sensitivity to amps. carbonate is identified as ... | 2006 | 16394265 |
| a bacterial sensory system that activates resistance to innate immune defenses: potential targets for antimicrobial therapeutics. | bacteria posses multiple two component regulatory systems consisting typically of a kinase and a transcription factor that, in concert, monitor the concentrations of particular extracellular factors and regulate specific gene expression accordingly. salmonella possess phop-phoq, which are activated under conditions of suboptimal [mg(2+)] and result in gene expression leading to greater stability of the outer membrane. new research identifies phoq as a receptor for sublethal concentrations of ant ... | 2005 | 16394247 |
| [salmonella infections acquired from exotic pets]. | the majority of non-typhoidal salmonella infections are foodborne, with undercooked eggs, chicken and red meat being the most important sources. transmission from exotic pets, reptiles in particular, may account for 3-5% of human salmonella cases. we describe a case of s. saintpaul infection in an eight-month-old infant. a food source was unlikely because the infant was fed from a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube and the food tested negative for salmonella. the family kept pet turtles, a ... | 2006 | 16393568 |
| butyrate specifically down-regulates salmonella pathogenicity island 1 gene expression. | invasion of intestinal epithelial cells by salmonella enterica is decreased after exposure to butyric acid. to understand the molecular mechanisms of this phenomenon, a comparative transcriptomic analysis of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis and salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium grown in medium supplemented with butyrate was performed. we found that butyrate down-regulated the expression of 19 genes common to both serovars by a factor of twofold or more, and 17 of these genes localiz ... | 2006 | 16391141 |
| plasmid-mediated high-level gentamicin resistance among enteric bacteria isolated from pet turtles in louisiana. | the sale of small turtles is banned by the food and drug administration from the u.s. market due to concerns about their excretion of salmonella spp. to produce a safe pet for the export market, the louisiana pet turtle industry uses gentamicin sulfate baths (1,000 microg/ml) to eradicate salmonella spp. from turtle eggs. in 1999, we analyzed bacterial samples recovered from turtle farms and found that strains of salmonella enterica subsp. arizonae and other bacteria, such as enterobacter cloaca ... | 2006 | 16391058 |
| low tyrosine content of growth media yields aflagellate salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | identification of salmonella serotypes is based on flagellar and somatic antigens. the absence of flagella may consequently affect complete identification of the serotype; here it is shown that salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium exhibits morphological differences dependent on the peptone constituents of the culture medium. aflagellate salmonella were produced in certain media where the nutritional ingredient was casein-based peptone or gelatin-based peptone; in gelatin-based peptone, aggreg ... | 2006 | 16385112 |
| the beta-oxidation systems of escherichia coli and salmonella enterica are not functionally equivalent. | based on its genome sequence, the pathway of beta-oxidative fatty acid degradation in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium lt2 has been thought to be identical to the well-characterized escherichia coli k-12 system. we report that wild-type strains of s. enterica grow on decanoic acid, whereas wild-type e. coli strains cannot. mutant strains (carrying fadr) of both organisms in which the genes of fatty acid degradation (fad) are expressed constitutively are readily isolated. the s. enterica f ... | 2006 | 16385050 |
| coordinated regulation of two independent cell-cell signaling systems and swarmer differentiation in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | almost all members of the genus salmonella differentiate and migrate on semisolid surfaces in a coordinated population behavior known as swarming. important virulence determinants are coupled to swarmer differentiation in several other pathogenic organisms, collectively suggesting that conditions that trigger swarming in the laboratory may fortuitously promote the cells to enter a robust physiological state relevant to the host environment. here, we present evidence that expression of two indepe ... | 2006 | 16385032 |
| [influence of human gastrointestinal tract bacterial pathogens on host cell apoptosis]. | several pathogenic bacteria are able to trigger apoptosis in the host cell, but the mechanisms by which it occurs differ, and the resulting pathology can take different courses. induction and/or blockage of programmed cell death upon infection is a result of complex interaction of bacterial proteins with cellular proteins involved in signal transduction and apoptosis. in this review we focus on pro/anti-apoptotic activities exhibited by two enteric pathogens salmonella enterica, yersinia spp. an ... | 2005 | 16381171 |
| real-time reverse transcription pcr for the quantification of the mnth expression of salmonella enterica as a function of growth phase and phagosome-like conditions. | this article presents an experimental design for measuring the mrna expression in salmonella enterica of the mnth gene in phagosome-mimicking conditions. the expression of mnth was quantified by real-time reverse transcription pcr for different s. enterica strains of porcine origin under different biological growth conditions which mimicked the environment inside the phagosome. the expression of mnth and the different control genes (16s rrna, rpod and gmk) varied according to the growth phase. f ... | 2006 | 16378650 |
| prevalence of salmonella enterica serovar typhi in bile and stool of patients with biliary diseases and those requiring biliary drainage for other purposes. | acute suppurative cholangitis is a serious complication of biliary obstructions due to infection. salmonella enterica serovar typhi is an important biliary pathogen. bile samples from 445 patients with biliary diseases as well as those requiring biliary drainage for other miscellaneous gastrointestinal diseases were investigated bacteriologically with special emphasis on salmonella. fecal samples or rectal swabs were also obtained from 402 of these patients. bactericholia was detected in 68.8% p ... | 2005 | 16377868 |
| ciprofloxacin-resistant salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium strains are difficult to select in the absence of acrb and tolc. | it has been proposed that lack of a functional efflux system(s) will lead to a lower frequency of selection of resistance to fluoroquinolones and other antibiotics. we constructed five strains of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium sl1344 that lacked efflux gene components of resistance nodulation cell division pumps (acrb, acrd, acrf, acrbacrf, and tolc) plus three strains that lack genes that effect efflux gene expression (mara, soxs, and rama) and a hypermutable strain (muts::aph). strain ... | 2006 | 16377664 |
| the expression of the virulence-associated effector protein gene avra is dependent on a salmonella enterica-specific regulatory function. | although the avra gene is prevalent among 80% of the salmonella enterica serovars, only a small number of them usually express the respective virulence-associated effector protein avra. however, under culture conditions below ph 6.0 many of the avra non-producer strains (e.g. s. agona, s. bovismorbificans, s. virchow) begin to produce avra, while some others remain silent. four phenotypical classes of s. enterica were identified under defined standard culture conditions: class 1 comprises strain ... | 2006 | 16377240 |
| antibacterial activity of polygodial. | polygodial was found to possess moderate antibacterial activity against gram-positive bacteria including bacillus subtilis, staphylococcus aureus and gram-negative bacteria including escherichia coli and salmonella choleraesuis with minimum bactericidal concentrations (mbc) of 100 and 100 microg/ml (0.34 mm) and 100 and 50 microg/ml, respectively. the time kill curve study showed that polygodial was bactericidal against b. subtilis and s. choleraesuis. however, there was a difference in its bact ... | 2005 | 16372365 |
| virulence of broad- and narrow-host-range salmonella enterica serovars in the streptomycin-pretreated mouse model. | salmonella enterica subspecies i serovars are common bacterial pathogens causing diseases ranging from enterocolitis to systemic infections. some serovars are adapted to specific hosts, whereas others have a broad host range. the molecular mechanisms defining the virulence characteristics and the host range of a given s. enterica serovar are unknown. streptomycin pretreated mice provide a surrogate host model for studying molecular aspects of the intestinal inflammation (colitis) caused by serov ... | 2006 | 16369020 |
| identification and characterization of a novel bacterial virulence factor that shares homology with mammalian toll/interleukin-1 receptor family proteins. | many important bacterial virulence factors act as mimics of mammalian proteins to subvert normal host cell processes. to identify bacterial protein mimics of components of the innate immune signaling pathway, we searched the bacterial genome database for proteins with homology to the toll/interleukin-1 receptor (tir) domain of the mammalian toll-like receptors (tlrs) and their adaptor proteins. a previously uncharacterized gene, which we have named tlpa (for tir-like protein a), was identified i ... | 2006 | 16369016 |
| identification of csrc and characterization of its role in epithelial cell invasion in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | the csr regulatory system of salmonella regulates the expression of the genes of salmonella pathogenicity island 1 (spi1) required for the invasion of epithelial cells. this system consists of the posttranscriptional regulator csra and an untranslated regulatory rna, csrb, that opposes the action of csra. here we identify and characterize the role of a second regulatory rna, csrc, whose ortholog was discovered previously in escherichia coli. we show that a mutant of csrc has only mild defects in ... | 2006 | 16368988 |
| characterization of escherichia coli and salmonella enterica from cattle feed ingredients. | the objectives of this study were (1) to evaluate the frequency with which feed ingredients or mixed feeds in cattle feedlots were contaminated with escherichia coli and salmonella spp. and (2) to evaluate the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of non-type-specific escherichia coli and salmonella spp. recovered from feed ingredients or mixed feeds. approximately 30 individual samples were collected from each of several feed commodities present on two cattle feedlots each month for 1 year. hal ... | 2005 | 16366856 |
| evaluation of the lon-deficient salmonella strain as an oral vaccine candidate. | we evaluated the efficacy of cs2022 (the lon protease-deficient mutant strain of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium) as a candidate live oral vaccine strain against subsequent oral challenge with a virulent strain administered to balb/c and c57bl/6 mice. cs2022 persistently resided in the spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes, peyer's patches, and cecum of both strains of mice after a single oral inoculation with 1 x 10(8) colony-forming units. finally, cs2022 almost disappeared from each tissue s ... | 2005 | 16365528 |
| cd154 is essential for protective immunity in experimental salmonella infection: evidence for a dual role in innate and adaptive immune responses. | cd40-cd154 interactions are of central importance in the induction of humoral and cellular immune responses. in the present study, cd154-deficient (cd154-/-) mice were used to assess the role of cd40-cd154 interactions in regulating the immune response to a systemic salmonella infection. compared with c57bl/6 (cd154+/+) controls, cd154-/- mice were hypersusceptible to infection by an attenuated strain of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium (s. typhimurium), as evidenced by decreased survival ... | 2006 | 16365443 |
| analysis of porcine differential gene expression following challenge with salmonella enterica serovar choleraesuis using suppression subtractive hybridization. | swine-adapted salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar choleraesuis (s. choleraesuis) is the pathogen most frequently isolated from diseased pigs and may affect host gene expression in a species-specific manner. to characterize the porcine transcriptional response to s. choleraesuis infection, the mrna profiles from the mesenteric lymph nodes of three non-infected and three experimentally infected pigs at 24 h post-inoculation were analyzed by suppression subtractive hybridization (ssh). fort ... | 2006 | 16364571 |
| identification of an aada2 gene cassette from salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar derby. | during a study on salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar derby from slaughter-age pigs in brazil, two epidemiologically unrelated multi-resistant s. derby isolates were found to carry a class 1 integron with a single gene cassette. sequence analysis confirmed that this gene cassette harboured an aada2 gene. the aada2 gene codes for an aminoglycoside adenyltransferase, which mediates resistance to the aminoglycoside streptomycin and the aminocyclitol spectinomycin. although aada2 gene casset ... | 2005 | 16364021 |
| coordinated expression and immunogenicity of an outer membrane protein from salmonella enterica serovar typhi under iron limitation, oxidative stress and anaerobic conditions. | successful pathogens overcome the environmental stresses by the coordinated expression of various genes and eventually proteins. since, the surface of the microbe is likely to come in contact with the host initially, an attempt was made to identify the outer membrane proteins (omps), if any, which may get expressed under more than one environmental conditions simulating the in vivo ones. in the present study, salmonella enterica serovar typhi was grown under iron-limited, oxidative stress as wel ... | 2006 | 16362827 |
| virulence and drug resistance roles of multidrug efflux systems of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | drug efflux systems play a major role in resistance to a wide range of noxious compounds in several gram negative species. here, we report the drug resistance and virulence phenotypes of salmonella mutants defective in either resistance-nodulation-division (rnd)-type systems and/or in drug efflux systems belonging to the major facilitator (mfs), multidrug and toxic compound extrusion (mate), and atp-binding cassette (abc) superfamilies. we determined that nine potential drug transporters contrib ... | 2006 | 16359323 |
| salmonella enterica serotypes isolated from imported frozen chicken meat in the canary islands. | to determine the prevalence of salmonella enterica serotypes in imported frozen chicken meat, 406 samples (whole chicken, legs, and breast meat) were analyzed for salmonella according to iso6579 rules, serotypes were assigned, and phage typing was conducted for salmonella serotypes enteritidis, typhimurium, and heidelberg. the overall frequency of salmonella isolation was 16.5%. by country of origin, the highest percentage of cases was found among the samples from france followed by samples from ... | 2005 | 16355846 |
| comparative and functional genomic analysis of prokaryotic nickel and cobalt uptake transporters: evidence for a novel group of atp-binding cassette transporters. | the transition metals nickel and cobalt, essential components of many enzymes, are taken up by specific transport systems of several different types. we integrated in silico and in vivo methods for the analysis of various protein families containing both nickel and cobalt transport systems in prokaryotes. for functional annotation of genes, we used two comparative genomic approaches: identification of regulatory signals and analysis of the genomic positions of genes encoding candidate nickel/cob ... | 2006 | 16352848 |
| the pseudomonas aeruginosa lipid a deacylase: selection for expression and loss within the cystic fibrosis airway. | lipopolysaccharide (lps) is the major surface component of gram-negative bacteria, and a component of lps, lipid a, is recognized by the innate immune system through the toll-like receptor 4/md-2 complex. pseudomonas aeruginosa, an environmental gram-negative bacterium that opportunistically infects the respiratory tracts of patients with cystic fibrosis (cf), can synthesize various structures of lipid a. lipid a from p. aeruginosa strains isolated from infants with cf has a specific structure t ... | 2006 | 16352835 |
| role of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium two-component system prea/preb in modulating pmra-regulated gene transcription. | the pmra/pmrb two-component system encoded by the pmrcab operon regulates the modification of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium lipopolysaccharide leading to polymyxin b resistance. pmra and phop are the only known activators of pmrcab. a transposon mutagenesis screen for additional regulators of a pmrc::mudj fusion led to the identification of a two-component system, termed prea/preb (pmrcab regulators a and b), that controls the transcription of the pmrcab operon in response to unknown s ... | 2006 | 16352830 |
| genetic transplantation: salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium as a host to study sigma factor and anti-sigma factor interactions in genetically intractable systems. | in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium, sigma(28) and anti-sigma factor flgm are regulatory proteins crucial for flagellar biogenesis and motility. in this study, we used s. enterica serovar typhimurium as an in vivo heterologous system to study sigma(28) and anti-sigma(28) interactions in organisms where genetic manipulation poses a significant challenge due to special growth requirements. the chromosomal copy of the s. enterica serovar typhimurium sigma(28) structural gene flia was exchang ... | 2006 | 16352826 |
| genetic relatedness of a rarely isolated salmonella: salmonella enterica serotype niakhar from narms animal isolates. | in the united states, salmonella enterica serotype niakhar is infrequently isolated. between 1997 and 2000, the animal arm of the national antimicrobial resistance monitoring system-enteric bacteria (narms) assayed a total of 22,383 salmonella isolates from various animal sources (swine, cattle, chickens, turkeys, cats, horses, exotics and dogs) for antimicrobial susceptibility. isolates originated from diagnostic and non-diagnostic submissions. | 2006 | 16352736 |
| a high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for quantitation of nitrogen-containing intracellular metabolites. | a comprehensive method of quantifying intracellular metabolite concentrations would be a valuable addition to the arsenal of tools for holistic biochemical studies. here, we describe a step toward the development of such method: a quantitative assay for 90 nitrogen-containing cellular metabolites. the assay involves reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography separation followed by electrospray ionization and detection of the resulting ions using triple-quadrupole mass spectrometry in s ... | 2006 | 16352439 |
| mural endocarditis caused by salmonella virchow: survival with conservative treatment. | we describe a case of endocarditis caused by salmonella enterica serotype virchow, which was treated conservatively with antibiotics alone. it is the only reported case of survival from salmonella endocarditis with conservative treatment, and the first reported case of endocarditis caused by salmonella virchow. the changing prevalence, virulence patterns and importance of salmonella species in endocarditis are discussed. | 2001 | 16352056 |
| salmonella infections in the setting of aids: a serpentine course. | 2005 | 16351025 | |
| a slow, tight-binding inhibitor of the zinc-dependent deacetylase lpxc of lipid a biosynthesis with antibiotic activity comparable to ciprofloxacin. | the zinc-dependent enzyme lpxc catalyzes the deacetylation of udp-3-o-acyl-glcnac, the first committed step of lipid a biosynthesis. lipid a is an essential component of the outer membranes of most gram-negative bacteria, including escherichia coli, salmonella enterica, and pseudomonas aeruginosa, making lpxc an attractive target for antibiotic design. the inhibition of lpxc by a novel n-aroyl-l-threonine hydroxamic acid (chir-090) from a recent patent application (international patent wo 2004/0 ... | 2005 | 16342948 |
| dimerization and dna binding of the salmonella enterica phop response regulator are phosphorylation independent. | in salmonella enterica, phop is the response regulator of the phop/phoq two-component regulatory system that controls the expression of various virulence factors in response to external mg2+. previous studies have shown that phosphorylation of a phop variant with a c-terminal his tag (phop(his)) enhances dimerization and binding to target dna. here, the effect of phosphorylation on the oligomerization and dna binding properties of both wild-type phop (phop) and phop(his) are compared. gel filtra ... | 2005 | 16339942 |
| glycogen production by different salmonella enterica serotypes: contribution of functional glgc to virulence, intestinal colonization and environmental survival. | in enteric bacteria, the contribution of endogenous energy sources to survival both inside and outside the host is poorly understood. the contribution of glycogen production to the virulence, colonization and environmental survival of different salmonella enterica serotypes was assessed. of 19 serotypes (339 strains) tested for glycogen production, 17 (256 strains) were positive. the avian-specific serovars s. gallinarum (62 strains) and s. pullorum (21 strains) did not produce glycogen. the seq ... | 2005 | 16339941 |
| distribution of salmonella enterica serovars from humans, livestock and meat in vietnam and the dominance of salmonella typhimurium phage type 90. | epidemiologically unrelated non-typhoid salmonella isolates from humans (n = 56) and animal origin (n = 241, from faeces, carcasses and meat) in vietnam were investigated. salmonella typhimurium, s. anatum, s. weltevreden, s. emek, and s. rissen were the most prevalent serovars. s. typhimurium phage type 90 was predominant among s. typhimurium isolates. the serotype and phage type distribution of the salmonella isolates was different from that in europe and america. many sero- and phage types fo ... | 2006 | 16337754 |
| propionate-regulated high-yield protein production in escherichia coli. | a new expression system containing the salmonella enterica prpbcde promoter (p(prpb)) responsible for expression of the propionate catabolic genes (prp bcde) and prpr encoding the positive regulator of this promoter has been developed and tested. the main features of the expression system compared to those based on the bacteriophage t7 promoter are low background expression and high induced expression in escherichia coli strains bl21, bl21(de3), mg1655, and w3110. in addition, propionate is an i ... | 2006 | 16333863 |
| waterborne pathogen detection by use of oligonucleotide-based microarrays. | a small-oligonucleotide microarray prototype was designed with probes specific for the universal 16s rrna and cpn60 genes of several pathogens that are usually encountered in wastewaters. in addition to these two targets, wece-specific oligonucleotide probes were included in the microarray to enhance its discriminating power within the enterobacteriaceae family. universal pcr primers were used to amplify variable regions of 16s rrna, cpn60, and wece genes directly in escherichia coli and salmone ... | 2005 | 16332846 |
| timing of induction of osmotically controlled genes in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium, determined with quantitative real-time reverse transcription-pcr. | the signals that control the transcription of osmoregulated genes are not understood satisfactorily. the "turgor control model" suggested that the primary osmoregulatory signal in enterobacteriaceae is turgor loss, which induces the kdp k+ transport operon and activates the trk k+ permease. the ensuing increase in cytoplasmic k+ concentration was proposed to be the signal that turns on all secondary responses, including the induction of the prou (proline-glycine betaine transport) operon. the "i ... | 2005 | 16332813 |
| cost-effective application of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis to typing of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. | salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium is frequently isolated from humans and animals. phage typing is historically the first-line reference typing technique in europe. it is rapid and convenient for laboratories with appropriate training and experience, and costs of consumables are low. phage typing and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) were performed on 503 isolates of serovar typhimurium. twenty-nine phage types and 53 pfge patterns were observed. most isolates of phage types dt104, dt ... | 2005 | 16332808 |
| [mechanism of acrab-tolc system mediated multiple antimicrobial resistance in salmonella typhimurium]. | to confirm acrab-tolc system mediated the multiple antimicrobial resistance in salmonella typhimurium. | 2005 | 16329607 |
| solution structure of yggx: a prokaryotic protein involved in fe(ii) trafficking. | we report the three-dimensional structure of yggx from salmonella enterica, determined by solution nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) spectroscopy from protein labeled with carbon-13 and nitrogen-15 produced by escherichia coli cells. the protein has a beta1beta2alpha1alpha2alpha3 fold that is unique to yggx and one of its homologs, a protein from pseudomonas aeruginosa with 45% sequence identity whose x-ray structure [protein data bank (pdb) 1t07] was determined by a structural genomics center. t ... | 2006 | 16329120 |
| differential effects of clathrin and actin inhibitors on internalization of escherichia coli and salmonella choleraesuis in porcine jejunal peyer's patches. | peyer's patches constitute both an inductive immune site and an enteropathogen invasion route. peyer's patch mucosae from porcine jejunum were mounted in ussing chambers, and either salmonella choleraesuis vaccine strain sc-54 or non-pathogenic rodent and porcine escherichia coli strains contacted the peyer's patch mucosa for 90 min. internalized bacteria were quantified by a gentamicin resistance assay. monodansylcadaverine (300 microm, luminal addition), an inhibitor of clathrin-mediated endoc ... | 2006 | 16326046 |
| mucosal innate immune response to intragastric infection by salmonella enterica serovar choleraesuis. | the innate immune response is critical to enteric disease resistance and the induction of mucosal adaptive immunity. in mucosae of the small intestine, peyer's patches play a central role in immune surveillance and sampling of bacteria by specialized m cells. the innate immune response to salmonella enterica serovar choleraesuis, an enteric pathogen of swine, involves il-1beta and il-8 mrna induction but not that of il-6 and tnfalpha, in contrast to salmonella serovar typhimurium infection of mu ... | 2006 | 16325910 |
| multiresistant shv-2-producing salmonella enterica serotype corvallis in bulgaria. | 2005 | 16323450 | |
| 1-deoxy-d-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase (ispc) from mycobacterium tuberculosis: towards understanding mycobacterial resistance to fosmidomycin. | 1-deoxy-d-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase (ispc) catalyzes the first committed step in the mevalonate-independent isopentenyl diphosphate biosynthetic pathway and is a potential drug target in some pathogenic bacteria. the antibiotic fosmidomycin has been shown to inhibit ispc in a number of organisms and is active against most gram-negative bacteria but not gram positives, including mycobacterium tuberculosis, even though the mevalonate-independent pathway is the sole isopentenyl diphosph ... | 2005 | 16321944 |
| salmonella paratyphi a rates, asia. | little is known about the causes of enteric fever in asia. most cases are believed to be caused by salmonella enterica serovar typhi and the remainder by s. paratyphi a. we compared their incidences by using standardized methods from population-based studies in china, indonesia, india, and pakistan. | 2005 | 16318734 |
| infections associated with cantaloupe consumption: a public health concern. | fresh produce is an important part of a healthy diet and is consumed in greater quantity in the united states than ever before. consumption of cantaloupe has recently been associated with several large outbreaks of infections in north america, highlighting the need for a better understanding of practices and processes that may contribute to contamination. we reviewed all cantaloupe-associated outbreaks that were reported to the centers for disease control and prevention (cdc) and published in th ... | 2006 | 16318654 |
| vaccination of pregnant ewes against infection with salmonella brandenburg. | to develop a challenge model for salmonella brandenburg infection in pregnant ewes. to compare efficacies of a live attenuated salmonella typhimurium mutant, a subunit preparation from a virulent s. brandenburg isolate, and a commercial multivalent inactivated vaccine in their ability to prevent experimental s. brandenburg infection. to assess the efficacy of the live attenuated s. typhimurium mutant against natural s. brandenburg infection in lambs. | 2005 | 16317442 |
| bapa, a large secreted protein required for biofilm formation and host colonization of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis. | in environmental settings, biofilms represent the common way of life of microorganisms. salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis, the most frequent cause of gastroenteritis in developed countries, produces a biofilm whose matrix is mainly composed of curli fimbriae and cellulose. in contrast to other bacterial biofilms, no proteinaceous compound has been reported to participate in the formation of this matrix. here, we report the discovery of bapa, a large cell-surface protein required for biofil ... | 2005 | 16313619 |
| pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, plasmid profiles and phage types for the human isolates of salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis obtained over 13 years in taiwan. | plasmid profile, phage typing, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge) patterns of 124 salmonella enteritidis strains isolated in 1998-2002 in taiwan were analysed and the results were compared with those of the 63 strains obtained in 1991-1997, so that molecular subtypes and epidemic strains for salmonella enteritidis over a 13-year period (1991-2002) could be elucidated. | 2005 | 16313420 |
| resuscitation of acid-injured salmonella in enrichment broth, in apple juice and on the surfaces of fresh-cut cucumber and apple. | to investigate the resuscitation of acid-injured salmonella enterica in selected enrichment broths, in apple juice and on cut surfaces of apple and cucumber slices. | 2005 | 16305675 |
| thermal tolerance of acid-adapted and unadapted salmonella, escherichia coli o157:h7, and listeria monocytogenes in cantaloupe juice and watermelon juice. | a study was performed to determine d values of acid-adapted and unadapted cells of salmonella, escherichia coli o157:h7, and listeria monocytogenes in cantaloupe juice and watermelon juice. | 2005 | 16305669 |
| salmonella pathogenicity island 2 is expressed prior to penetrating the intestine. | salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium is a facultative intracellular pathogen that causes disease in mice that resembles human typhoid. typhoid pathogenesis consists of distinct phases in the intestine and a subsequent systemic phase in which bacteria replicate in macrophages of the liver and spleen. the type iii secretion system encoded by salmonella pathogenicity island 2 (spi-2) is a major virulence factor contributing to the systemic phase of typhoid pathogenesis. understanding how pathoge ... | 2005 | 16304611 |
| distribution and function of plasmids in salmonella enterica. | plasmids of salmonella enterica vary in size from 2 to more than 200 kb. the best described group of plasmids are the virulence plasmids (50-100 kb in size) present in serovars enteritidis, typhimurium, dublin, cholerae-suis, gallinarum, pullorum and abortus-ovis. they all encode spvrabcd genes involved in intra-macrophage survival of salmonella. another group of high molecular weight plasmids are plasmids responsible for antibiotic resistance. since most of these plasmids are conjugative, besid ... | 2006 | 16303262 |
| evidence for the requirement for cd40-cd154 interactions in resistance to infections with attenuated salmonella. | salmonella species include facultative intracellular pathogens which reside preferentially within cells of the host's reticulo-endothelial system. resistance to salmonella involves a collaboration between cells of the innate and adaptive immune systems, and protective immunity requires cell-mediated and humoral-immune responses. cd40-cd154 interactions are of central importance in the induction of cellular immune responses. in the present study, cd154-deficient (cd154(-/-)) mice were used to ass ... | 2005 | 16303097 |
| negative regulation of salmonella pathogenicity island 2 is required for contextual control of virulence during typhoid. | salmonella enterica relies on a type iii secretion system encoded in salmonella pathogenicity island-2 (spi-2) to survive and replicate within macrophages at systemic sites during typhoid. spi-2 virulence is induced upon entry into macrophages, but the mechanisms of spi-2 gene control in vivo remain unclear, particularly with regard to negative regulators that control the contextual activation of spi-2. here, we identified and characterized ydgt as a negative modulator of the spi-2 pathogenicity ... | 2005 | 16301528 |
| cross-protective immunity in calves conferred by a dna adenine methylase deficient salmonellaenterica serovar typhimurium vaccine. | the global trend towards intensive livestock production is associated with increased fecal oral pathogen transmission resulting in a high prevalence of salmonella. since many pathogenic salmonella serovars are often endemic to livestock production systems, it is desirable to develop a vaccine that is capable of eliciting immunity to more than one serovar. here we examined whether immunization with a modified live salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium vaccine strain lacking the dna adenine meth ... | 2006 | 16300866 |
| a simple method for the direct detection of salmonella and escherichia coli o157:h7 from raw alfalfa sprouts and spent irrigation water using pcr. | the u.s. food and drug administration recognizes that raw seed sprouts are an important cause of foodborne disease and is now recommending that either spent irrigation water or final product be screened for salmonella and escherichia coli o157:h7 as a means of assuring the safety of product intended for consumption. in an effort to streamline such testing efforts, a simple method to preconcentrate pathogens from sprouts and spent irrigation water was investigated to facilitate the direct (withou ... | 2005 | 16300060 |
| attenuation of salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium by altering biological functions of murein lipoprotein and lipopolysaccharide. | we constructed salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium double-knockout mutants in which either the lipoprotein a (lppa) or the lipoprotein b (lppb) gene was deleted from an msbb-negative background strain by marker exchange mutagenesis. these mutants were highly attenuated when tested with in vitro and in vivo models of salmonella pathogenesis. | 2005 | 16299345 |
| novel attenuated salmonella enterica serovar choleraesuis strains as live vaccine candidates generated by signature-tagged mutagenesis. | salmonella enterica serovar choleraesuis is a host-adapted pathogen that causes swine paratyphoid. signature-tagged mutagenesis (stm) was used to understand the pathogenicity of s. enterica serovar choleraesuis in its natural host and also to develop novel attenuated live vaccine candidates against this disease. a library of 960 signature-tagged mutants of s. enterica serovar choleraesuis was constructed and screened for attenuation in pigs. thirty-three mutants were identified by the stm screen ... | 2005 | 16299315 |
| h2-m3 major histocompatibility complex class ib-restricted cd8 t cells induced by salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium infection recognize proteins released by salmonella serovar typhimurium. | salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium causes a typhoid-like disease in mice which has been studied extensively as a model for typhoid fever in humans. cd8 t cells contribute to protection against s. enterica serovar typhimurium in mice, but little is known about the specificity and major histocompatibility complex (mhc) restriction of the response. we report here that cd8 t-cell lines derived from s. enterica serovar typhimurium-infected balb/c mice lysed bone marrow macrophages infected with ... | 2005 | 16299293 |
| increased sensitivity to salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium infection in mice undergoing withdrawal from morphine is associated with suppression of interleukin-12. | we have shown previously that withdrawal from morphine induces immunosuppression in mice. the present study reports the effects of morphine withdrawal on infection with salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. mice were made dependent on morphine by the implantation of a slow-release morphine pellet for 96 h. controls received a placebo pellet. withdrawal was induced by pellet removal. mice were inoculated intraperitoneally with salmonella 24 h postwithdrawal. morphine withdrawal sensitized mice ... | 2005 | 16299287 |
| identification of core and variable components of the salmonella enterica subspecies i genome by microarray. | we have performed microarray hybridization studies on 40 clinical isolates from 12 common serovars within salmonella enterica subspecies i to identify the conserved chromosomal gene pool. we were able to separate the core invariant portion of the genome by a novel mathematical approach using a decision tree based on genes ranked by increasing variance. all genes within the core component were confirmed using available sequence and microarray information for s. enterica subspecies i strains. the ... | 2005 | 16299280 |
| host restriction of salmonella enterica serotype typhi is not caused by functional alteration of sipa, sopb, or sopd. | salmonella enterica serotype typhi is a strictly human adapted pathogen that does not cause disease in nonprimate vertebrate hosts, while salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium is a broad-host-range pathogen. serotype typhi lacks some of the proteins (effectors) exported by the invasion-associated type iii secretion system that are required by serotype typhimurium for eliciting fluid secretion and inflammation in bovine ligated ileal loops. we investigated whether the remaining serotype typhi ... | 2005 | 16299271 |
| acute renal failure likely due to acute nephritic syndrome associated with typhoid fever. | a 45-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of high fever and malaise. she also presented abnormal urine findings including macrohematuria and proteinuria with transient renal insufficiency. salmonella typhi was isolated from her blood and stool culture, and then she was diagnosed as having typhoid fever. salmonella enterica serotype typhi infection can be complicated by renal involvement, although rare. in japan, few cases have been reported about acute nephritic syndrome in typhoi ... | 2005 | 16293920 |
| a degenerate type iii secretion system from septicemic escherichia coli contributes to pathogenesis. | the type iii secretion system (t3ss) is an important virulence factor used by several gram-negative bacteria to deliver effector proteins which subvert host cellular processes. enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli o157 has a well-defined t3ss involved in attachment and effacement (ett1) and critical for virulence. a gene cluster potentially encoding an additional t3ss (ett2), which resembles the spi-1 system in salmonella enterica, was found in its genome sequence. the ett2 gene cluster has since ... | 2005 | 16291689 |
| minimal functions and physiological conditions required for growth of salmonella enterica on ethanolamine in the absence of the metabolosome. | during growth on ethanolamine, salmonella enterica synthesizes a multimolecular structure that mimics the carboxysome used by some photosynthetic bacteria to fix co(2). in s. enterica, this carboxysome-like structure (hereafter referred to as the ethanolamine metabolosome) is thought to contain the enzymatic machinery needed to metabolize ethanolamine into acetyl coenzyme a (acetyl-coa). analysis of the growth behavior of mutant strains of s. enterica lacking specific functions encoded by the 17 ... | 2005 | 16291677 |
| increased excision of the salmonella prophage st64b caused by a deficiency in dam methylase. | salmonella enterica mutants defective in dam methylase are strongly attenuated in virulence and release a large amount of proteins to the extracellular medium. the extent to which these two phenotypes are linked is unknown. using a proteomic approach, we identified sb6, sb13, and sb36 as proteins present in larger amounts in culture supernatants of an s. enterica serovar typhimurium dam mutant than in those of the wild-type strain. these three proteins are encoded in the salmonella prophage st64 ... | 2005 | 16291663 |
| molecular analysis of salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar agona isolated from slaughter pigs. | salmonella enterica subsp. enterica (s.) serovar agona plays an important role in brazil as causative agent of salmonellosis in food-producing animals - in particular, pigs and poultry - as well as in humans. a total of 45 s. agona isolates collected from slaughter pigs at three different slaughterhouses in southern brazil was investigated in this study for their phenotypic and genotypic relatedness. for this, the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and the phage types were determined. molecul ... | 2006 | 16289951 |
| retron reverse transcriptase (rrtt) can be lost in multidrug resistant salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium dt 104 strains and influences virulence for mice. | in salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium, retron reverse transcriptase (rrtt), which is part of st 85 retron, is quite ubiquitous and is located in the thdf -yidy intergenic region. in this study, we showed that rrtt is relatively unstable in multidrug resistant, salmonella genomic island 1 (sgi 1) positive strains. out of 365 field strains, 55 were free of retron. in 54 of the rrtt negative strains, the excision must have occurred by the same mechanism in which the rrtt together with five oth ... | 2005 | 16289543 |
| molecular epidemiology of emergent multidrug-resistant salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium strains carrying the virulence resistance plasmid puo-stvr2. | to evaluate the incidence of a distinct multidrug-resistant (mdr) grouping of salmonella serotype typhimurium strains carrying the hybrid virulence resistance plasmid puo-stvr2, and its possible evolution in the region where it was first detected [principality of asturias (pa), spain]. | 2006 | 16286360 |
| quenched autoligation probes allow discrimination of live bacterial species by single nucleotide differences in rrna. | quenched autoligation (qual) probes are a class of self-reacting nucleic acid probes that give strong fluorescence signal in the presence of fully complementary rnas and selectivity against single nucleotide differences in solution. here, we describe experiments designed to test whether qual probes can discriminate between bacterial species by the detection of small differences in their 16s rrna sequences. probes were introduced into live cells using small amounts of detergent, thus eliminating ... | 2005 | 16284198 |
| expression of cellulose and curli fimbriae by escherichia coli isolated from the gastrointestinal tract. | escherichia coli colonizes the gastrointestinal tract of humans; however, little is known about the features of commensal strains. this study investigated whether expression of the biofilm extracellular matrix components cellulose and curli fimbriae is found among commensal isolates. fifty-two e. coli strains were isolated from faecal samples and, as a control, 24 strains from urinary tract infections were also used. faecal isolates were characterized by serotyping and phylogenetically grouped b ... | 2005 | 16278431 |
| feline cholecystitis and acute neutrophilic cholangitis: clinical findings, bacterial isolates and response to treatment in six cases. | clinicopathological findings from six cats with confirmed cholecystitis or acute neutrophilic cholangitis are presented. historical findings included lethargy and anorexia or inappetence of up to five days duration. on physical examination all cats were pyrexic and four out of six were jaundiced and had cranial abdominal pain. bile samples were obtained by cholecystocentesis at exploratory coeliotomy (two cases) or by percutaneous, ultrasound-guided cholecystocentesis (four cases). gall bladder ... | 2006 | 16278090 |
| finding the sources of korean salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis pt 4 isolates by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. | in previous studies, it has been reported that both s. enteritidis, the most common serotype, and s. enteritidis phage type 4 (sept 4) isolates were identified as the most prevalent pt in domestic poultry and also in humans in korea until 2002. the aim of this study was to analyze the genetic diversity and epidemiological properties of both pt isolates, and also to trace the source of sept 4 isolates from domestic poultry and humans by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge). in order to underst ... | 2005 | 16273034 |