Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| hemolysin as a marker for serratia. | all serratia marcescens strains (total of 33) of different sources were hemolytic including clinical strains previously classified as being nonhemolytic. dna fragments of the two hemolysin genes hybridized with the chromosomal dna of s. marcescens, s. liquefaciens, s. kiliensis, s. grimesii, s. proteamaculans, s. plymutica, s. rubridaea which were also hemolytic. the restriction pattern of the hemolysin locus differed in each strain. s. ficaria and s. marinorubra expressed a different hemolysin ... | 1990 | 2222120 |
| influence of cefotaxime on microbial colonization resistance in healthy volunteers. | the influence of cefotaxime 1000 mg given intravenously bd on microbial colonization resistance was investigated in six healthy volunteers. administration of cefotaxime allowed colonization of the bowel by a resistant challenge strain of enterobacter cloacae in all volunteers. the faecal concentration of aerobic flora increased significantly in five of six volunteers. in one the numbers of gram-negative bacilli, enterococci and yeasts also increased. in the other four the faecal concentration of ... | 1990 | 2211432 |
| in vitro antibacterial activity and beta-lactamase stability of the new carbapenem ljc10,627. | in in vitro susceptibility tests the new carbapenem ljc10,627 showed potent antibacterial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, except that most methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus strains tested were found to be resistant to ljc10,627. ljc10,627 showed high activity against pseudomonas aeruginosa and was active against enterobacter cloacae and citrobacter freundii strains which were resistant to ceftazidime and cefpirome. the ki values of ljc10,627 for penicillinase ... | 1990 | 2209630 |
| isolation and characterization of a beta-lactamase-inhibitory protein from streptomyces clavuligerus and cloning and analysis of the corresponding gene. | culture filtrates of streptomyces clavuligerus contain a proteinaceous beta-lactamase inhibitor (blip) in addition to a variety of beta-lactam compounds. blip was first detected by its ability to inhibit bactopenase, a penicillinase derived from bacillus cereus, but it has also been shown to inhibit the plasmid puc- and chromosomally mediated beta-lactamases of escherichia coli. blip showed no inhibitory effect against enterobacter cloacae beta-lactamase, and it also showed no activity against a ... | 1990 | 2203736 |
| [combined effect of sulbactam/cefoperazone and other antibiotics against clinical isolates of multi-resistant strains. i. effect of sulbactam against beta-lactams resistant strains and in vitro combined effect of sulbactam/cefoperazone with each of piperacillin, latamoxef, ceftazidime, fosfomycin and doxycycline]. | we evaluated relationships between production of beta-lactamase and their resistances to beta-lactams, effect of sulbactam (sbt), a beta-lactamase inhibitor, against beta-lactam resistant strains, and combined effect of sulbactam/cefoperazone (sbt/cpz) with other antibiotics against multi-resistant strains. through these studies, we obtained the following results. 1. most of the strains resistant to beta-lactams were beta-lactamase producers. 2. relationships between the production of beta-lacta ... | 1990 | 2199689 |
| molecular characterization of an enterobacter cloacae gene (roma) which pleiotropically inhibits the expression of escherichia coli outer membrane proteins. | the introduction of a newly cloned enterobacter cloacae chromosomal gene roma, into escherichia coli and e. cloacae resulted in enhancement of resistance to quinolones, beta-lactams, chloramphenicol, and tetracycline. the primary effect of roma on a multicopy vector in e. coli was almost complete inhibition of ompf expression in the outer membrane. from the experiments with ompr and envz mutants or with ompf-lacz and ompc-lacz fusion plasmids, it was concluded that this inhibition is posttranscr ... | 1990 | 2193928 |
| therapeutic effects of cefpirome, a new cephalosporin, on various models of infections in mice and rats. | cefpirome (hr 810) is a new cephalosporin with a 2,3-cyclopentenopyridine group in the 3-position side chain. it was compared with other cephem antibiotics in protective and therapeutic effects on various experimental infections, systemic and local, in mice and rats. hr 810 had more potent protective effect than ceftazidime (caz), cefoperazone (cpz), and cefotaxime (ctx) on systemic infections induced by escherichia coli ec-31, staphylococcus aureus smith, and serratia marcescens sm-6 in mice. a ... | 1990 | 2190011 |
| multicenter in vitro comparison of piperacillin and nine other antibacterials against 1,629 clinical isolates. | the antibacterial spectrum of activity of piperacillin was compared with that of other antibiotics against isolates of escherichia coli, enterobacter cloacae, haemophilus influenzae, klebsiella pneumoniae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, pseudomonas cepacia, pseudomonas maltophilia, serratia marcescens, enterococcus sp, bacteroides fragilis, bacteroides bivius, and clostridium difficile obtained from laboratories at hospitals in st. louis, in memphis, and in newark, new jersey. of the 1,629 isolates tes ... | 1990 | 2183941 |
| in vitro emergence of quinolone-resistant mutants of escherichia coli, enterobacter cloacae, and serratia marcescens. | norfloxacin- and ciprofloxacin-resistant mutants of several enterobacter cloacae and serratia marcescens isolates occurred at frequencies of greater than or equal to 10(-7)/cfu, which were higher than those of escherichia coli isolates, in accordance with the increasing emergence of less-susceptible or resistant strains in clinical isolates of e. cloacae and s. marcescens. | 1990 | 2183709 |
| cloning and nucleotide sequence of the gene encoding the ecal dna methyltransferase. | the gene coding for the ggtnacc specific ecal dna methyltransferase (m.ecal) has been cloned in e. coli from enterobacter cloacae and its nucleotide sequence has been determined. the ecalm gene codes for a protein of 452 amino acids (mr: 51,111). it was determined that m.ecal is an adenine methyltransferase. m.ecal shows limited amino acid sequence similarity to other adenine methyltransferases. a clone that expresses ecal methyltransferase at high level was constructed. | 1990 | 2183182 |
| association of bacteria with the fungal fermentation of soybean tempe. | bacteria grew to viable populations of 10(8)-10(9) cfu/g during the fermentation of soybeans into tempe with the fungus, rhizopus oligosporus. bacillus pumilus and b. brevis were the predominant bacterial species, reaching populations of approximately 10(8) cfu/g during the 48 h fermentation. species of streptococcus faecium, lactobacillus casei, klebsiella pneumoniae and enterobacter cloacae also contributed to the fermentation and achieved populations of 10(6)-10(7) cfu/g. | 1990 | 2179196 |
| antibacterial activity of piperacillin and tazobactam against beta-lactamase-producing clinical isolates. | the effectiveness of a combination of the recently developed penam sulphone tazobactam with piperacillin was studied in clinical isolates with defined beta-lactamase production. the combination was highly effective against piperacillin-resistant beta-lactamase-producing staphylococcus aureus, tem-1-producing escherichia coli and proteus vulgaris isolates. it was less effective against e. coli isolates producing the oxa-1 enzyme and marginally active against tem-1-producing klebsiella spp. isolat ... | 1990 | 2170081 |
| mechanism of action of lomefloxacin. | the inhibition of supercoiling activity of reconstituted escherichia coli dna gyrase by lomefloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and norfloxacin was determined. the concentrations of quinolones needed to inhibit dna synthesis in escherichia coli, enterobacter cloacae, serratia marcescens, klebsiella pneumoniae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, and staphylococcus aureus were also measured. the kinetics of uptake of [14c]lomefloxacin and unlabeled lomefloxacin into whole cells of e. coli kl-16 and s. aureus nctc 8532 ... | 1990 | 2168142 |
| interaction of beta-lactamase inhibitors with various beta-lactamases. | the interaction of the beta-lactamase inhibitors clavulanic acid, sulbactam and tazobactam with various plasmid and chromosomally mediated beta-lactamases from clinical isolates was studied. in each case inhibition of enzyme activity was observed to be progressive, i.e. the balance of the equilibrium between active and inactivated enzyme required 5 min. as expected, the clavam compound exhibited high affinity to all penicillinases including the enzyme from staphylococcus aureus, but the affinity ... | 1990 | 2159863 |
| interactions of tazobactam and clavulanate with inducibly- and constitutively-expressed class i beta-lactamases. | clavulanate and tazobactam (ytr 830) were tested as inhibitors and inducers of the ampc-type class i beta-lactamases of pseudomonas aeruginosa, enterobacter cloacae, citrobacter freundii, serratia marcescens, morganella morganii and the ic beta-lactamase of proteus vulgaris. both clavulanate and tazobactam inhibited the pr. vulgaris class ic beta-lactamase and potentiated ticarcillin and piperacillin against beta-lactamase derepressed variants of this species. tazobactam, but not clavulanate, al ... | 1990 | 2158496 |
| membrane-associated chromate reductase activity from enterobacter cloacae. | washed cells of enterobacter cloacae ho1 reduced hexavalent chromium (chromate: cro4(2-) anaerobically. chromate reductase activity was preferentially associated with the membrane fraction of the cells. right-side-out membrane vesicles prepared from e. cloacae cells showed high chromate reductase activities when ascorbate-reduced phenazine methosulfate was added as an electron donor. | 1990 | 2155208 |
| [coliform bacteria in rinsed beer mugs--identification with the api 20 e system and resistance behavior]. | 653 11 beer mugs rinsed mechanically by conveyor belt dishwashing machines and 182 mugs cleaned in open vats were investigated for their content of faecal and total coliforms. ten and more faecal coliform germs could be detected in 4.7% of the mechanically rinsed tankards and in 12.1% of those cleaned in open vats. respectively, ten and more total coliforms were found in 30.3% and in 67.6%. altogether 213 coliform strains as defined by the german drinking water regulation were characterised bioc ... | 1990 | 2149435 |
| a randomized prospective study of ceftazidime and ciprofloxacin with or without teicoplanin as an empiric antibiotic regimen for febrile neutropenic patients. | febrile neutropenic patients were randomized to receive ceftazidime and ciprofloxacin with the addition of teicoplanin in cases with clinical suspicion of a hickman line-associated infection. at 48 h both clinical and bacteriological analyses were made. patients were categorized as: success, in cases of improvement or stability in the clinical condition; failure, if there was a deterioration of the clinical condition; and non-evaluable, in cases of protocol violation or death due to other causes ... | 1990 | 2149051 |
| [spondylodiscitis caused by enterobacter cloacae treated with cefixime]. | 1990 | 2139954 | |
| pharmacodynamics of beta-lactam antibiotics on gram-negative bacteria: initial killing, morphology and postantibiotic effect. | the aim of this study was to investigate the pharmacodynamics of beta-lactam antibiotics on gram-negative bacteria by studying the in vitro postantibiotic effect (pae), initial killing and morphology. the pae of aztreonam, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, imipenem, mecillinam and piperacillin on enterobacter cloacae, escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, pseudomonas aeruginosa and serratia marcescens was studied by use of bioluminescence assay of bacterial atp. the strains were exposed for 2 h to the ... | 1990 | 2129063 |
| in-vitro and in-vivo antibacterial activities of e1040, a new cephalosporin with potent antipseudomonal activity. | e1040 is a new parenteral cephalosporin with a broad antibacterial spectrum and potent activity against gram-negative bacteria including pseudomonas aeruginosa. the in-vitro activities of e1040 against clinical isolates of enterobacter cloacae, ent. aerogenes, providencia rettgeri, and morganella morganii were superior to those of ceftazidime, cefoperazone, cefmenoxime, and cefuzonam. the activities of e1040 against gram-positive cocci were comparable with those of ceftazidime, but it was less a ... | 1990 | 2127928 |
| [microbial growth in parenteral nutrition. ii. effects of osmolality]. | study on the behaviour of five microorganisms in different formulations of parenteral nutrition (pn) different from each other with regard to osmolarity. the organisms investigated were staphylococcus aureus (atcc (12600), bacillus subtilis (atcc 6051), pseudomonas aeruginosa (atcc 9027), enterobacter cloacae (atcc 13047) y candida albicans (lsh 3156 d). it was observed no direct relation between microbial growth and osmolarity in pn. c. albicans showed the best growth in all the formulations te ... | 1990 | 2127724 |
| [bacteriologic control of total parenteral nutrition formulations at the bellvitge hospital]. | septic complications often lead to halting nutritional parenteral therapy. in general, the source of infection lies in the mixture, the connection and/or point of catheter insertion. the objective of this study is to show the need for bacteriological control throughout the parenteral nutrition process in order to assess the efficacy of the methods used, discover the source of infection and establish an in-house quality control. different methods for bacteriological control of parenteral nutritio ... | 1990 | 2127706 |
| inhibitory activity of papain on facultative pathogens--short communication. | papain, a proteolytic enzyme obtained from papaya was found inhibitory on few facultative pathogens. while escherichia coli, staphylococcus albus, klebsiella pneumoniae and enterobacter cloacae were inhibited at concentration from 200 ppm on the cell density of staphylococcus faecalis decreased only at higher concentration of papain (400-800 ppm). | 1990 | 2124762 |
| [comparative studies on activities of antimicrobial agents against causative organisms isolated from urinary tract infections (1987). i. susceptibility distribution]. | since 1979, ikemoto et al. have been retrospectively surveying the sensitivity of major species of bacteria isolated from patients with urinary tract infections to various antibacterial agents and antibiotics. their findings for the past year are reported below. a total of 825 clinical strains of bacteria was investigated. of this total, gram-positive bacteria accounted for 28.0% (231 strains) and gram-negative bacteria for 72.0% (594 strains). taxonomically, escherichia coli accounted for 34.7% ... | 1990 | 2122040 |
| influence of the addition of mineral salts on the inhibitory activity of strains of the arthrinium genus. | the influence which the addition of certain mineral salts has on the inhibiting activity of strains belonging to the arthrinium genus was studied. the salts employed were agno3, fecl2, mncl2 and cuso4, in concentrations of 10, 50, 100, 150 and 200 mg/l, in the presence of bacillus subtilis, enterobacter cloacae, staphylococcus aureus, escherichia coli, serratia marcescens, klebsiella pneumoniae, candida albicans and aspergillus niger. for b. subtilis and s. aureus greater inhibition was observed ... | 1990 | 2120549 |
| comparative in vitro activity of the new quinolone sparfloxacin (ci-978, at-4140) against nosocomial gram-negative bloodstream isolates. | the in vitro activity of sparfloxacin (ci-978, at-4140), a new quinolone which is active against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, and nine other broad-spectrum antibiotics was tested against 128 gram-negative nosocomial bloodstream isolates from separate patients. sparfloxacin and ciprofloxacin were among the most potent antibiotics against escherichia coli (n = 40), enterobacter cloacae (n = 18), klebsiella oxytoca (n = 13), and klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 19), with mic90 values of less ... | 1990 | 2112467 |
| determination of optimal dosage regimen for amikacin in healthy volunteers by study of pharmacokinetics and bactericidal activity. | the pharmacokinetics and serum killing curves of amikacin, which was administered by a 30-minute intravenous infusion of single doses of 7.5 mg/kg and then 15 mg/kg, were investigated in six healthy volunteers who received the two doses in a crossover study with a washout period of 20 days. the serum killing curves were determined for four bacterial species: escherichia coli, serratia marcescens, enterobacter cloacae, and pseudomonas aeruginosa. all strains were serum resistant, and the bacteric ... | 1990 | 2111658 |
| in vitro investigation of bk-218, a new oral and parenteral cephalosporin. | the antibacterial activity of bk-218 was similar to that of cefamandole when it was tested against several laboratory strains. the inhibiting effect of bk-218 was greater than that of cephalexin and cefoxitin on penicillin-binding proteins of escherichia coli hb101. this result was in close correlation with the relative inhibition of radiolabeled glucosamine incorporation (greatest with bk-218) and with the lytic effect (most intensive with bk-218). bk-218 proved to be a good inhibitor for all f ... | 1990 | 2109582 |
| outer membrane permeability and beta-lactamase stability of dipolar ionic cephalosporins containing methoxyimino substituents. | some enteric bacteria, such as enterobacter cloacae, can develop high-level resistance to broad-spectrum cephalosporins by overproducing their chromosomally encoded type i beta-lactamases. this is because these agents are hydrolyzed rapidly at pharmacologically relevant, low (0.1 to 1 microm), concentrations, owing to their high affinity for type i enzymes. in contrast, the more recently developed cephalosporins, with quaternary-nitrogen-containing substituents at the 3 position, show increased ... | 1990 | 2109581 |
| combination of ofloxacin and other antimicrobial agents. | we evaluated the combination of ofloxacin with piperacillin, gentamicin, vancomycin, rifampin, clindamycin, and metronidazole by the checkerboard agar dilution method against 165 isolates which included escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, enterobacter cloacae, serratia marcescens, pseudomonas aeruginosa, providencia stuartii, acinetobacter, staphylococcus aureus, bacteroides fragilis, and citrobacter perfringens. synergy of piperacillin-ofloxacin was demonstrated for 50% and 40% respectivel ... | 1990 | 2093103 |
| [susceptibilities of clinical bacterial isolates to antimicrobial agents. a study mainly focused on imipenem. research group for testing imipenem susceptibility on clinical isolates]. | we investigated susceptibilities of clinical bacterial isolates to imipenem (ipm) and other antimicrobial agents at 459 hospital laboratories throughout japan from september to december of 1988. in this study, identification and susceptibility testing were performed at each hospital laboratory and the tests were carried out according to the 1-dilution or 3-dilution disc technique in which susceptibilities are classified into 4 grades: , ++, + and -. ipm had significantly high activity against st ... | 1990 | 2086814 |
| a comparison of the mechanisms of decreased susceptibility of aztreonam-resistant and ceftazidime-resistant enterobacteriaceae. | twenty five strains of enterobacteriaceae (five each of enterobacter cloacae, citrobacter freundii, serratia marcescens, morganella morganii and providencia stuartii) were exposed to aztreonam and ceftazidime at 1/2 and 1 x mic in liquid medium for 22 h, and also to 3, 5 and 10 x mic and 16 mg/l of each agent in agar. any putative mutant with an increase in the mic of greater than or equal to 4 fold was examined for beta-lactamase expression and outer membrane protein profile. mutants were selec ... | 1990 | 2081717 |
| prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of enterobacteriaceae, pseudomonadaceae and acinetobacter in human periodontitis. | this study examined the occurrence of non-oral gram-negative facultatively anaerobic rods in advanced adult periodontitis. speciation and in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the microscan micromethod system. a total of 42 taxa of enterobacteriaceae, pseudomonadaceae and acinetobacter were isolated from 427 of 3,050 (14.0%) patients. in 159 (5.2%) patients, these organisms comprised more than 5% of the cultivable subgingival microflora. enterobacter cloacae, klebsiel ... | 1990 | 2080069 |
| [survey on clinical isolates from 13 hospitals in akita prefecture--changes in frequency and susceptibility of isolates by scale of hospital. survey group for clinical isolates, chemotherapy research committee of akita prefecture]. | isolates from various clinical materials in 13 hospitals in akita prefecture and their drug susceptibility were investigated by the chemotherapy research committee of akita prefecture during the period from dec., 1987 to feb., 1988. the results were as follows: 1. the total number of isolates was 8,387, including staphylococcus aureus (18.9%), pseudomonas aeruginosa (10.9%), staphylococcus epidermidis (7.3%) and enterococcus faecalis (6.6%). s, aureus and p. aeruginosa were detected more frequen ... | 1990 | 2074368 |
| [case of recurrent intra-oral herpes]. | a case of severe secondary herpes simplex infection is presented and the possibility of a secondary infection by enterobacter cloacae is discussed. | 1990 | 2074334 |
| the in-vitro activity of cefodizime: a review. | for enterobacteriaceae, mic50s and mic90s of cefodizime (mg/l), respectively, were as follows, for naturally non-beta-lactamase-producing species: escherichia coli 0.12 and 0.5, salmonella spp. and shigella spp. 0.25 and 0.5, proteus mirabilis 0.016 and 0.03; for chromosomal penicillinase-producing species. klebsiella spp. 0.25 and 64, and for chromosomal cephalosporinase-producing species. enterobacter cloacae 1 and 64, citrobacter freundii 1 and 128, serratia marcescens 2 and 8: indole-positiv ... | 1990 | 2074248 |
| cloning, sequencing, and use as a molecular probe of a gene encoding an aminoglycoside 6'-n-acetyltransferase of broad substrate profile. | a gene coding for an aminoglycoside 6'-n-acetyltransferase that was able to modify amikacin was cloned from a plasmid isolated from a clinical strain of enterobacter cloacae. sequencing of a 955-bp segment which mediates the modifying activity revealed a single open reading frame of 432 nucleotides that predicted a polypeptide of 144 amino acid residues with a molecular weight of 16,021. putative ribosomal binding sites and -10 and -35 sequences were located at the 5' end of the gene. the size o ... | 1991 | 2069376 |
| aztreonam: a review of the first monobactam. | aztreonam represents the first synthetic monobactam marketed in the united states and is being viewed as a nontoxic alternative to the aminoglycosides. advantages of aztreonam over the aminoglycosides include lack of ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity and better penetration into the csf. additional advantages include its use in penicillin and cephalosporin allergic patients. disadvantages of aztreonam compared to the aminoglycosides include the cost of the drug (50 times more expensive than gentamic ... | 1991 | 2063887 |
| genomic groups and biochemical profiles of clinical isolates of enterobacter cloacae. | a collection of 123 clinical strains presumptively identified as enterobacter cloacae and 12 type and reference strains of enterobacter spp. were genotypically investigated by a quantitative bacterial dot method for dna-dna hybridization, giving an estimate of delta tm (difference in thermal denaturation midpoint between homologous and heterologous duplexes). the api 20e system was used for phenotypic characterization. using discontinuities in the values of delta tm as criterion, five genomic gr ... | 1991 | 2054168 |
| in-vitro and in-vivo antimicrobial activities of a novel cephalosporin derivative, cp6162, possessing a dihydroxypyridone moiety at the c-3 side chain. | the antibacterial activity of a novel cephalosporin derivative, cp6162, possessing a dihydroxypyridone moiety at the c-3 side chain, was evaluated in vitro and in vivo, with ceftazidime, aztreonam and cefoperazone as the reference antibiotics. cp6162 showed weak or little activity against gram-positive bacteria, but potent activity against clinical isolates of the gram-negative species including strains of pseudomonas aeruginosa, ps. cepacia, acinetobacter sp., xanthomonas maltophilia, serratia ... | 1991 | 2050596 |
| activity of human extravascular temocillin concentrations simulated in an in-vitro kinetic model against beta-lactamase producing gram-negative bacilli. | an in-vitro kinetic model was used to demonstrate the bactericidal activity of concentrations of temocillin achieved in extravascular body fluids following a 1 g intravenous dosage in man. concentrations of temocillin attainable in peripheral lymph were bactericidal for ampicillin-resistant strains of escherichia coli, enterobacter cloacae and klebsiella oxytoca. likewise, concentrations of temocillin achieved in human blister fluid following a 12-hourly dosage regimen were bactericidal for cult ... | 1991 | 2050587 |
| oral mucosal soft tissue necrosis caused by superinfection. report of three cases. | three patients in whom flap necrosis developed after oral surgeries and antibiotic therapies were studied microbiologically by routine aerobic and anaerobic methods. in all cases the bacteria enterobacter cloacae, klebsiella oxytoca, escherichia coli, and coagulase-negative penicillinase-producing staphylococci were resistant to the antibiotics used. these bacteria are frequent microorganisms of superinfection and were not found after the necrotic tissues had repaired. | 1991 | 2047093 |
| detection of escherichia coli alpha-haemolysin genes and their expression in a human faecal strain of enterobacter cloacae. | faecal samples of 200 infants were investigated for haemolytic enterobacteriaceae. forty infants were carrying alpha-haemolysin producing escherichia coli, two carried haemolytic strains of morganella morganii and one infant carried a haemolytic strain of enterobacter cloacae. the m. morganii and e. cloacae strains were found to produce alpha-haemolysin which was tested with a specific monoclonal antibody and by dna-hybridization with an alpha-haemolysin specific gene probe. to our knowledge thi ... | 1991 | 2044935 |
| enterobacter cloacae bacteremia in children: a review of 30 cases in 12 years. | a review was performed of the 30 cases of pediatric enterobacter cloacae (ebc) bacteremia which occurred at our institution during a 12-year period. these 30 cases represented 88% of all cases in which ebc was isolated by blood culture (four other instances were considered contaminants); the rate of isolation of this organism relative to all positive blood cultures was 0.6%. there were 14 patients less than 12 months of age, with 10 less than 2 months of age. infection was nosocomially-acquired ... | 1991 | 2044341 |
| [pharmacokinetic and clinical studies on cefpirome in pediatrics]. | cefpirome (cpr, hr 810), a new parenteral cephalosporin antibiotic, was studied for its pharmacokinetics, bacteriological and clinical effects in the field of pediatrics. 1. cpr was very active against staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, coagulase-negative staphylococci, streptococcus pneumoniae among gram-positive cocci. antibacterial activities of cpr were also strong against branhamella catarrhalis, haemophilus influenzae, escherichia coli, salmonella sp., klebsiella oxytoca, e ... | 1991 | 2041158 |
| [combined effect of sulbactam/cefoperazone and other antibiotics against clinical isolates of multi-resistant strains. ii. in vitro combined effects of sulbactam/cefoperazone with imipenem/cilastatin, cefuzonam, flomoxef, amikacin or tobramycin]. | we evaluated combined effects of sulbactam/cefoperazone (sbt/cpz) with each of imipenem/cilastatin (ipm), cefuzonam, flomoxef, amikacin (amk) and tobramycin (tob) against 324 clinical strains. through this study, we obtained the following results. 1. against serratia marcescens and enterobacter cloacae, good synergism was obtained by combining sbt/cpz with ipm, amk, or tob. 2. against pseudomonas aeruginosa, good synergism was obtained by combining sbt/cpz with amk or tob. 3. when sbt/cpz was us ... | 1991 | 2041154 |
| [antibacterial activity of ciprofloxacin against fresh clinical isolates from superficial suppurative foci]. | the minimum inhibitory concentrations (mics) of 5 drugs (ciprofloxacin (cpfx), and 4 drugs used as standard) were determined to investigate antibacterial potencies of cpfx against bacterial strains isolated in 1989 from superficial suppurative foci. the clinical isolates tested included 375 strains from 11 aerobic bacterial species, and 50 strains from 2 anerobic bacterial genera (group) for a total of 425 isolates. interpreting mic level distributions of these drugs as the expression of antibac ... | 1991 | 2041153 |
| mobilization of the genetically engineered plasmid phsv106 from escherichia coli hb101(phsv106) to enterobacter cloacae in drinking water. | we have used triparental matings to demonstrate transfer (mobilization) of the nonconjugative genetically engineered plasmid phsv106, which contains the thymidine kinase gene of herpes simplex virus cloned into pbr322, from escherichia coli hb101 to an environmental isolate of enterobacter cloacae in sterile drinking water. this is the first demonstration of a two-step mobilization of a genetically engineered plasmid in any type of fresh water, including drinking water. transfer was mediated by ... | 1991 | 2036007 |
| molecular cloning of the gene for indolepyruvate decarboxylase from enterobacter cloacae. | although indole-3-acetic acid (iaa) is a well-known plant hormone, the main iaa biosynthetic pathway from l-tryptophan (trp) via indole-3-pyruvic acid (ipya) has yet to be elucidated. previous studies have suggested that iaa is produced by enterobacter cloacae isolated from the rhizosphere of cucumbers and its biosynthetic pathway may possibly be the same as that in plants. to elucidate this pathway, the iaa biosynthetic gene was isolated from a genomic library of e. cloacae by assaying for the ... | 1991 | 2034209 |
| comparison of silver sulphadiazine 1 per cent, silver sulphadiazine 1 per cent plus chlorhexidine digluconate 0.2 per cent and mafenide acetate 8.5 per cent for topical antibacterial effect in infected full skin thickness rat burn wounds. | silver sulphadiazine 1 per cent (ss), silver sulphadiazine 1 per cent plus chlorhexidine digluconate 0.2 per cent (ss + cd 0.2 per cent) and mafenide acetate 8.5 per cent (ma) were compared to assess the antibacterial effect of once daily application on experimental rat 20 per cent full skin thickness burn wounds seeded 24 h earlier with 10(8) microorganisms originally isolated from infected wounds of burned patients. separate series evaluated staph. aureus, enterococcus faecalis, enterobacter c ... | 1991 | 2031672 |
| oral associated bacterial infection in horses: studies on the normal anaerobic flora from the pharyngeal tonsillar surface and its association with lower respiratory tract and paraoral infections. | two hundred and seventy bacterial isolates were obtained from the pharyngeal tonsillar surface of 12 normal horses and 98 obligatory anaerobic bacteria were characterised. of these, 57 isolates belonging to 7 genera (peptostreptococcus (1); eubacterium (9); clostridium (6); veillonella (6); megasphera (1); bacteroides (28); fusobacterium (6)) were identified, and 16 of these were identified to species level (p. anaerobius (1); e. fossor (9); c. villosum (1); b. fragilis (1); b. tectum (2); b. he ... | 1991 | 2031304 |
| altered phenotypes associated with ampd mutations in enterobacter cloacae. | a study was done to determine the genetic locus responsible for altered expression of ampc beta-lactamase in enterobacter cloacae 1194e and several mutants derived from e. cloacae 029. these phenotypes were defined by units of enzyme activity found in sonic extracts of cells before and after induction with cefoxitin and included (units uninduced/units induced) the wild-type (7/219), high-level constitutive (10,911/10,862), temperature-sensitive (at 30 degrees c 82/706 and at 42 degrees c 5,031/6 ... | 1991 | 2024967 |
| in vitro activity and beta-lactamase stability of gr69153, a new long-acting cephalosporin. | gr69153, a new parenteral cephalosporin, inhibited 90% of escherichia coli, klebsiella oxytoca, proteus mirabilis, citrobacter diversus, shigellae, and salmonellae at less than 0.25 micrograms/ml (mic90). it had activity comparable to those of ceftazidime, cefpirome, cefepime, and e-1040. against cephalosporinase-producing enterobacter cloacae, citrobacter freundii, and serratia marcescens, mics ranged from 0.12 to greater than 32 micrograms/ml, and cefpirome and cefepime were the most active ag ... | 1991 | 2024959 |
| comparison of silver sulfadiazine 1% with chlorhexidine digluconate 0.2% to silver sulfadiazine 1% alone in the prophylactic topical antibacterial treatment of burns. | wound bacterial colonization in 118 patients treated with chlorhexidine digluconate 0.2% in silver sulfadiazine 1% applied daily to the burn wounds was compared to that of 135 comparable patients similarly treated with silver sulfadiazine 1%. with chlorhexidine digluconate 0.2% in silver sulfadiazine 1%, colonization by staphylococcus aureus was less frequent (38%) than with silver sulfadiazine (54%, p = 0.016). no statistical difference was found for colonization by enterococcus faecalis, pseud ... | 1991 | 2022674 |
| n-(phenylacetyl)glycyl-d-aziridine-2-carboxylate, an acyclic amide substrate of beta-lactamases: importance of the shape of the substrate in beta-lactamase evolution. | certain acyclic depsipeptides, but not peptides, are substrates of typical beta-lactamases [pratt, r.f., & govardhan, c.p. (1984) proc. natl. acad. sci. u.s.a. 81, 1302]. this may reflect either the greater chemical reactivity of depsipeptides (and of beta-lactams, the natural substrates) than peptides or the greater ease of distortion of the depsipeptide (ester) than the peptide (amide) group into a penicillin-like conformation. the latter explanation has been shown to be more likely by employm ... | 1991 | 2015222 |
| reevaluation of the factors involved in the efficacy of new beta-lactams against enterobacter cloacae. | the roles of outer membrane permeability, beta-lactamase stability, and inhibition of penicillin-binding proteins in the activity of new beta-lactams against enterobacter cloacae were reappraised by using several methodological improvements. outer membrane permeability in intact cells was determined by using a high-pressure liquid chromatography (hplc)-based technique that avoided certain possible artifacts of the traditional methods. vmax values were calculated from the numbers of enzyme molecu ... | 1991 | 2014984 |
| novel method for measurement of outer membrane permeability to new beta-lactams in intact enterobacter cloacae cells. | the ability of five new beta-lactams to permeate the outer membrane of intact enterobacter cloacae beta-lactamase-overproducing cells was measured by using a high-pressure liquid chromatography (hplc)-based technique that avoided certain possible artifacts of the traditional methods. low concentrations of antibiotics were mixed with bacterial suspensions, and at different times, the cells were removed from the medium by filtration. residual beta-lactam concentrations in the medium were then asse ... | 1991 | 2014983 |
| ability of ceftibuten to induce the class-i beta-lactamases of enterobacter cloacae, serratia marcescens, and enterobacter aerogenes. | ceftibuten, like cefotaxime, was observed to be a weak inducer of the class-i beta-lactamases of enterobacter cloacae, serratia marcescens, and enterobacter aerogenes. in contrast, cefoxitin and imipenem induced these enzymes strongly at subinhibitory concentrations. | 1991 | 2013214 |
| antimicrobial effects of the combination of ceftibuten and an orally absorbed penem sch 29482. | ceftibuten is a new beta-lactamase-stable 3-aminothiazolyl cephalosporin that lacks activity against staphylococci and group-b streptococci. we determined the effect of the combination of ceftibuten with sch 29482, an orally absorbed penem. the combination of the two agents was additive for 25% or indifferent for 57% of the gram-positive species, haemophilus, and moraxella tested with a mean fractional inhibitory concentration (fic) index of 0.75. the combination of ceftibuten and sch 29482 was ... | 1991 | 2013213 |
| cloning, nucleotide sequence, and expression of the nitroreductase gene from enterobacter cloacae. | the "classical" nitroreductases of enteric bacteria are flavoproteins which catalyze the reduction of a variety of nitroaromatic compounds to metabolites which are highly toxic, mutagenic, or carcinogenic. the gene for the nitroreductase enterobacter cloacae has now been cloned using an antibody specific to this protein. the nucleotide sequence of the structural gene and flanking regions are reported. sequence analysis indicates that this gene belongs to a gene family of flavoproteins which have ... | 1991 | 1999406 |
| purification and characterization of an oxygen-insensitive nad(p)h nitroreductase from enterobacter cloacae. | the reductive products of several nitroaromatic compounds have been found to be toxic, mutagenic, and carcinogenic. the nitroreductases present in intestinal microflora have been implicated in the biotransformation of these compounds to their deleterious metabolites. a "classical" nitroreductase has been purified from enterobacter cloacae 587-fold using a protocol which yields approximately 1 mg of purified nitroreductase from 10 liters of cell culture. an analysis of the physical properties of ... | 1991 | 1999405 |
| intravenous ciprofloxacin versus ceftazidime for treatment of nosocomial pneumonia and urinary tract infection. | intravenous ciprofloxacin and ceftazidime were compared for efficacy in the treatment of nosocomial pneumonia and urinary tract infection (uti). patients with nosocomial pneumonia were randomized to receive ciprofloxacin (as the lactate salt) 300 mg i.v. every 12 hours or ceftazidime (with sodium carbonate) 2 g i.v. every eight hours. patients with uti were randomized to receive ciprofloxacin 200 mg i.v. every 12 hours or ceftazidime 1 g i.v. every eight hours. sputum and urine specimens were co ... | 1991 | 1999086 |
| production and characterization of a monoclonal antibody specific for enterohemorrhagic escherichia coli of serotypes o157:h7 and o26:h11. | a monoclonal antibody (mab 4e8c12) specific for escherichia coli o157:h7 and o26:h11 was produced by immunizing balb/c mice with a rough strain of e. coli o157:h7. the antibody reacted strongly by a direct enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with each of 36 strains of e. coli o157:h7. no cross-reactivity was observed with strains of salmonella spp., yersinia enterocolitica, shigella dysenteriae, proteus spp., escherichia hermanii, klebsiella pneumoniae, campylobacter jejuni, serratia marcescens, c ... | 1991 | 1993773 |
| molecular characterization of an enterobacter cloacae outer membrane protein (ompx). | a chromosomal gene of enterobacter cloacae encoding an outer membrane protein (ompx) has been cloned. overproduction of the ompx protein decreased the quantity of porins in the outer membrane of the parental strain and of escherichia coli hb101. the ompx gene was located by insertions of the gamma delta sequence into the recombinant plasmid. the polarity of the gene was determined by in vitro transcription and translation of the gamma delta-containing plasmids. the nucleotide sequence of the omp ... | 1991 | 1987115 |
| pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremia in patients undergoing liver transplantation: an emerging problem. | in our institution, pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteremia appeared to occur with increasing frequency in patients undergoing liver transplantation. we thus conducted a prospective study to define risk factors and outcome in these patients. over a 19-month period 6% of liver transplants were followed by pseudomonas bacteremia. the mean age was 46 years (range, 24 to 67 years). the interval between transplantation and onset of bacteremia was 3 to 372 days (mean, 80). the incidence of pseudomonas bacte ... | 1991 | 1984637 |
| [fournier's gangrene: report of 3 cases]. | fournier's gangrene is defined classically as a fulminant, rapidly spreading infection of the scrotum that also involves the perineum, penis and abdominal wall. the pathologic findings are described as synergistic gangrene secondary to a polymicrobial flora with a poorly defined portal of entry. we report 3 cases of fournier's gangrene. case 1 was a 67 years old who was admitted with the chief complaint of scrotal swelling and necrosis. case 2 was a 59 years old who was admitted with the problem ... | 1990 | 1981785 |
| antimicrobial activities of six new oral cephem antibiotics. | six newly developed oral cephem antibiotics, which included 5 with an aminothiazolyl side chain, viz., cefixime, cefotiam hexetil, cefpodoxime proxetil, cefteram pivoxil, ceftibuten, and one with a conventional side chain design, bmy 28100, were tested for their antimicrobial activities. three traditional oral beta-lactam antibiotics, ampicillin, cephalexin, and cefaclor, were used as reference antibiotics. the 5 aminothiazolyl cephems were more active than the reference drugs against clinical i ... | 1990 | 1981227 |
| lactate dehydrogenase isoenzyme electrophoresis as a typing method for enterobacter cloacae, klebsiella oxytoca and proteus mirabilis. | 1990 | 1979580 | |
| enterobacter cloacae in a leukaemic patient. | 1990 | 1976683 | |
| novel plasmid-mediated beta-lactamase (mir-1) conferring resistance to oxyimino- and alpha-methoxy beta-lactams in clinical isolates of klebsiella pneumoniae. | klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from 11 patients at the miriam hospital were identified as resistant to cefoxitin and ceftibuten as well as to aztreonam, cefotaxime, and ceftazidime. resistance could be transferred by conjugation or transformation with plasmid dna into escherichia coli and was due to the production of a beta-lactamase with an isoelectric point of 8.4 named mir-1. in e. coli, mir-1 conferred resistance to aztreonam, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, ceftibuten, ceftriaxone, and such alpha- ... | 1990 | 1963529 |
| the influence of clinical use of antibiotics and the sensitivity of strains isolated from postoperative infections--a comparison of nosocomial pathogens with strains isolated from the bacterial flora of patients. | in the present study, we investigated how the recent clinical use of antibiotics have altered the antibiotic susceptibility of strains isolated from postoperative infections, especially gram-negative rods. for pseudomonas aeruginosa, serogroup e strains accounted for about 20 per cent of postoperative infections, but were unable to be isolated from either the feces of patients on admission or from the appendix contents of patients with appendicitis. it therefore appeared that serogroup e strains ... | 1991 | 1960895 |
| characterization of fce 22101-resistant enterobacteriaceae and the effect of fce 22101 upon the activity of anti-pseudomonal beta-lactams for pseudomonas aeruginosa. | twenty-five strains of enterobacteriaceae (five each of enterobacter cloacae, citrobacter freundii, serratia marcescens, morganella morganii, and providencia stuartii) were exposed to fce 22101 in agar containing 3, 5, or 10 x the mic. any putative mutant with a greater than or equal to four-fold increase in the mic was examined for beta-lactamase expression and outer membrane protein (omp) profile. mutant colonies were selected at a frequency of 10(-7)-10(-11) with decreased susceptibility to f ... | 1991 | 1960118 |
| localization of cephalosporinase in enterobacter cloacae by immunocytochemical examination. | enterobacter cloacae nuh10 was isolated at nagasaki university hospital in 1987. e. cloacae nuh10 is a mutant strain which produces high levels of cephalosporinase. e. cloacae atcc 23355 is known to be sensitive to so-called third generation cephems and produces an inducible cephalosporinase. the polyclonal antibody to cephalosporinase extracted from e. cloacae nuh10 was utilized in post-embedding immunogold labeling in order to localize this protein in e. cloacae atcc 23355 and e. cloacae nuh10 ... | 1991 | 1955391 |
| a double-blind comparison of the effects of cefaclor and amoxycillin on respiratory tract and oropharyngeal flora and clinical response in acute exacerbations of bronchitis. | fifty-one patients admitted to hospital with severe exacerbations of chronic bronchitis entered a double-blind trial of treatment with cefaclor (500 mg tds) compared with amoxycillin (500 mg tds) for 7 days. twenty-six patients received cefaclor and 25 amoxycillin. sputum and throat swabs were collected on admission, after 7 days of therapy and at outpatient follow-up, 3 weeks after treatment had finished. clinical status and spirometry were assessed on admission and at the third, seventh and 28 ... | 1991 | 1947367 |
| in vitro activity of chlorhexidine against enteric rods, pseudomonads and acinetobacter from human periodontitis. | fifty-eight periodontal isolates of the families enterobacteriaceae and pseudomonadaceae, and the genera acinetobacter and achromobacter were studied to determine their susceptibility to peridex (0.12% chlorhexidine digluconate solution; procter & gamble). in an agar dilution assay, about 50% of the study strains grew in the presence of 70 micrograms/ml of chlorhexidine. enterobacter cloacae, klebsiella pneumoniae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, pseudomonas cepacia, and serratia marcescens comprised th ... | 1991 | 1945483 |
| microbial growth and endotoxin production in the intravenous anesthetic propofol. | in this study, we measured microbial growth and endotoxin production in the intravenous anesthetic propofol using 10 different microbial strains; 6 isolated from outbreak cases and 4 from laboratory stock cultures. | 1991 | 1940276 |
| factors affecting duration of in-vivo postantibiotic effect for aminoglycosides against gram-negative bacilli. | a murine thigh-infection model was used to determine the effect of certain host- and drug-related factors on the duration of the in-vivo postantibiotic effect (pae) observed with aminoglycosides against gram-negative bacilli. the role of neutrophils (pmns), pharmacokinetics and variation among species and strains were studied. paes were quantitated after a single injection of gentamicin or amikacin. paes were several hours longer in normal mice than in neutropenic mice, in mice with renal impair ... | 1991 | 1938689 |
| the use of the php-ke biochemical fingerprinting system in epidemiological studies of faecal enterobacter cloacae strains from infants in swedish neonatal wards. | the pheneplate (php) biochemical fingerprinting system is an automated method for typing of bacteria, based on the evaluation of the kinetics of biochemical reactions, performed in microtitre plates. in the present study the php-klebsiella/enterobacter (ke) system was evaluated for typing of enterobacter cloacae and employed to study the epidemiology of faecal e. cloacae strains isolated from infants in 22 swedish neonatal wards. the php-ke system showed a high reproducibility and discrimination ... | 1991 | 1936153 |
| in vitro comparison of gr69153, a novel catechol-substituted cephalosporin, with ceftazidime and ceftriaxone against 5,203 recent clinical isolates. | the activity of gr69153, a novel catechol-substituted cephalosporin, was compared with those of ceftazidime and ceftriaxone in a multicenter study against 5,203 fresh clinical isolates of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. gr69153 was generally very active at concentrations equivalent to or two- to fourfold lower than those of ceftazidime and ceftriaxone against gram-negative bacilli other than citrobacter freundii, enterobacter cloacae, and xanthomonas maltophilia. against pseudomonas ae ... | 1991 | 1929319 |
| influence of beta-lactamase inhibitors on the potency of their companion drug with organisms possessing class i enzymes. | the ability of beta-lactamase inhibitors to induce class i beta-lactamases in certain organisms in vitro suggests a potential for antagonism in vivo. therefore, a study was designed to assess the ability of sulbactam and clavulanate to induce beta-lactamases in two strains each of enterobacter cloacae, citrobacter freundii, serratia marcescens, and pseudomonas aeruginosa both in vitro and in vivo. induction in vitro was observed only with s. marcescens and p. aeruginosa and generally only when i ... | 1991 | 1929291 |
| association of two resistance mechanisms in a clinical isolate of enterobacter cloacae with high-level resistance to imipenem. | carbapenem resistance was studied in a clinical isolate of enterobacter cloacae, strain 201 (mic of imipenem and meropenem, 16 micrograms/ml). this strain was analyzed comparatively with the carbapenem-susceptible parent strain 200, an equally susceptible revertant, 201-rev, and in vitro-selected mutants with different levels of carbapenem resistance. all strains produced similarly high amounts of the same cephalosporinase (piapp = 8.8). strain 201 apparently lacked two major outer membrane prot ... | 1991 | 1929248 |
| aspergillosis of the cns in a pediatric liver transplant recipient: case report and review. | a 2-month-old infant who had undergone orthotopic liver transplantation at the age of 2 weeks for carbamoyl phosphate synthetase deficiency developed infection of the cns due to aspergillus fumigatus. the patient was successfully treated with administration of a combination of antifungal agents (including intraventricular amphotericin b), drainage of the parietal lobe abscess, and cessation of immunosuppression. an intraventricular catheter was used both to obtain ventricular fluid for microbiol ... | 1991 | 1925287 |
| bacteremia caused by enterobacter: 15 years of experience in a cancer hospital. | a total of 296 episodes of bacteremia due to enterobacter occurred in 281 patients with cancer between 1972 and 1986. the majority of these episodes were caused by enterobacter cloacae. seventy-four percent of the patients developed their infection while in the hospital and 55% had received therapeutic antibiotics during the 10 days preceding the onset of the infection. enterobacter bacteremia was associated with shock in 24% of the patients and with disseminated intravascular coagulation in onl ... | 1991 | 1925270 |
| in vitro phagocytic interaction between trichomonas vaginalis isolates and bacteria. | the phagocytic activity of 12 trichomonas vaginalis isolates against both gram-positive bacteria (staphylococcus aureus atcc 25923, lactobacillus spp.) and gram-negative bacteria (enterobacter cloacae atcc 13047, 5 strains of escherichia coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa atcc 27853) was studied. results showed that all the isolates were able to ingest staphylococcus aureus to a variable degree, and almost all of them showed phagocytic activity against pseudomonas aeruginosa. furthermore, experiments ... | 1991 | 1915384 |
| septicemia caused by contaminated parenteral nutrition pouches: the refrigerator as an unusual cause. | eleven patients in a hospital presented with septicemia caused by enterobacter cloacae. the origin was the contamination of parenteral nutrition admixture from a resting place in the refrigerator of the parenteral mixture preparation room. | 1991 | 1910114 |
| formaldehyde-resistance in enterobacteriaceae and pseudomonas aeruginosa: identification of resistance genes by dna-hybridization. | a 4.1. kb large dna fragment of a e. coli plasmid pvu 3695, on which the genes for formaldehyde-resistance are located, was used as a dna probe to identify bacteria that carry this segment among formaldehyde-resistant bacteria. it was shown by southern blot-, dot blot-, and colony blot- hybridization studies that the dna of all formaldehyde-resistant e. coli, serratia marcescens, enterobacter cloacae, citrobacter freundii and klebsiella pneumoniae strains tested hybridize with the dna probe from ... | 1991 | 1909132 |
| fleroxacin combined with rifampin. | we determined the effect of the combination of rifampin and fleroxacin against enterobacteriaceae and streptococcal species. none of the 65 isolates tested by checkerboard assay demonstrated synergy, 12% of isolates showed an additive effect; 86.7% were indifferent, and only 1 isolate showed antagonism. the mean fic was 1.2. when using 2 and 8 micrograms/ml of rifampin, fleroxacin mics of 285 isolates of enterobacteriaceae, pseudomonas aeruginosa, haemophilus influenzae, staphylococci, streptoco ... | 1991 | 1901534 |
| the importance of the negative charge of beta-lactam compounds in the interactions with active-site serine dd-peptidases and beta-lactamases. | the interaction between various penicillins and cephalosporins the carboxylate group of which at c-3 or c-4 had been esterified or amidated and different penicillin-recognizing enzymes was studied. in general, our findings reinforced the common assumption that an anionic group at that position is necessary for the effective acylation of these enzymes. however, the relative activities of the modified beta-lactams as inactivators of the streptomyces r61 dd-peptidase or as substrates of the bacillu ... | 1991 | 1898366 |
| combination effect of sce-2787 and cefepime with aminoglycosides on nosocomial gram-negative bacteria. | the in vitro activity of cefepime and sce-2787, two new parenteral cephalosporins, and the combination effect with tobramycin and gentamicin against nosocomial gram-negative rods was studied using checkerboard agar dilution technique. cefepime showed excellent in-vitro activity against klebsiella pneumoniae, enterobacter cloacae, serratia marcescens and proteus vulgaris (mic90 0.03-0.125 mg/l) and good to moderate activity against acinetobacter anitratus, pseudomonas aeruginosa and pseudomonas c ... | 1991 | 1889877 |
| variation in induction of chromosomal beta-lactamase expression in strains of enterobacter cloacae. | eight strains of enterobacter cloacae with varying patterns of susceptibility to beta-lactam antibiotics were studied to compare the inducibility and expression of their beta-lactamase genes. these strains included two isolates from one patient, which differed in their susceptibility to cefamandole. a resistant strain constitutively produced large amounts of beta-lactamase; a sensitive strain produced an inducible beta-lactamase. study of induction and growth characteristics of all strains revea ... | 1991 | 1889305 |
| [combined antibacterial activity of aztreonam and clindamycin against clinically isolated strains]. | it has been reported in some studies that the combination of aztreonam (azt) and clindamycin (cldm) have high clinical effectiveness in the treatment of intractable infections. we, therefore, studied combined in vitro antibacterial activity of these 2 compounds using many freshly isolated strains. 1. azt and cldm in combination had synergistic effects on staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, streptococcus pneumoniae, and haemophilus influenzae, which are sensitive or quasi-sensitive ... | 1991 | 1880932 |
| [clinical evaluation of cefpirome in children]. | cefpirome (cpr, hr 810) was clinically evaluated for its efficacy and safety in 11 patients with ages from 4 months to 11 years with bacterial infection. the results obtained are summarized as follows. 1. cpr was administered to 6 patients with bronchopneumonia, a patient with pneumonia, a patient with tonsillitis, 2 patients with acute pharyngitis and a patient with suppurative parotitis at daily dosage levels ranging 55.5-91.7 mg/kg, divided into 3 using intravenous bolus injection or 30 minut ... | 1991 | 1880923 |
| in vitro activity of an oxycephem ocp 9-176 compared with its sulfur analog and other beta-lactams. | ocp 9-176 is an oxycephem antibiotic that contains a 2-aminothiazolyl, carboxypropyl side chain at c-7 and a pyridinium thiomethyl group at c-3. ocp 9-176 was generally twofold less active than its sulfur-containing analog me 1228 against escherichia coli, klebsiella pneumoniae, klebsiella oxytoca, providencia stuartii, proteus vulgaris, and serratia marcescens. activity against enterobacter cloacae and citrobacter freundii was equivalent. ocp 9-176 was twofold less active than me-1228 against p ... | 1991 | 1873972 |
| concomitant dissemination of three extended-spectrum beta-lactamases among different enterobacteriaceae isolated in a french hospital. | from january 1988 to august 1989, 267 non-repetitive strains of enterobacteriaceae producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (esbla) derived from tem (ctx-1/tem-3, caz-6) or shv (caz-5) were isolated from 219 colonized or infected patients. esblas were characterized by analytical isoelectric focusing. biotypes, resistance phenotypes and plasmid patterns were determined in order to differentiate the isolates in each species. among the 116 ctx-1-producing enterobacteriaceae, 48 strains were diff ... | 1991 | 1856124 |
| comparative in vitro antibacterial activity of sparfloxacin (at-4140; rp 64206), a new quinolone. | the in vitro activity of sparfloxacin (at-4140; rp 64206), a new fluoroquinolone, was compared with those of 10 other agents against 1,222 clinical isolates. sparfloxacin and ciprofloxacin were the most active quinolones against members of the family enterobacteriaceae and nonfermenting gram-negative bacilli; sparfloxacin had superior activity against gram-positive cocci in comparison with the activities of ciprofloxacin and the other quinolones tested (norfloxacin, lomefloxacin, and pefloxacin) ... | 1991 | 1854167 |
| long term sequelae of childhood acute bacterial meningitis in a developing country. a study from the sudan. | 35 survivors of acute bacterial meningitis (abm) from a group of 44 sudanese children--seen during 18 months (april 1985-november 1986)--were prospectively followed to ascertain the long-term sequelae of the disease. 30 (17 with haemophilus influenzae, 8 neisseria meningitidis, 4 streptococcus pneumoniae and one child with enterobacter cloacae meningitis) could be followed during the surveillance period (3-4 years). three (10%), including 2 with hemiplegia, died after 11-12 months. the associati ... | 1991 | 1853165 |
| membrane-bound respiratory system of enterobacter cloacae strain ho1 grown anaerobically with chromate. | chromate has been demonstrated to be an electron acceptor in the respiratory chain of anaerobically grown enterobacter cloacae strain ho1. by using potentiometric titration and low temperature spectroscopy, the spectral absorption of the anaerobic membrane vesicles of this organism in the presence of chromate was resolved into six peaks at 548, 549, 550, 555, 556, and 558 nm in the alpha band of the reduced minus oxidized spectra. the spectra elicited by chromate are attributed to cytochromes c5 ... | 1991 | 1851711 |
| direct evidence of the entner-doudoroff pathway operating in the metabolism of d-glucosamine in bacteria. | pseudomonas fluorescens (migula) (ifo 14808) has both a membrane-bound pqq-dependent d-glucose (d-glc) dehydrogenase [ec 1.1.99.17] [which also acts on d-glucosamine (d-glcn)] and a plp-dependent d-glucosaminate (d-glcna) dehydratase [ec 4.2.1.26]. further, these two enzymes were induced when d-glcn was added to the culture medium. however, d-glucosamine-6-phosphate (d-glcn-6-p) isomerase [ec 5.3.1.10], another enzyme involved in the metabolism of d-glcn, was only present at a low level in this ... | 1991 | 1849886 |
| [hemorrhagic bursitis infected by enterobacter cloacae]. | 1991 | 1836608 |