Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| specific detection of bradyrhizobium and rhizobium strains colonizing rice (oryza sativa) roots by 16s-23s ribosomal dna intergenic spacer-targeted pcr. | in addition to forming symbiotic nodules on legumes, rhizobial strains are members of soil or rhizosphere communities or occur as endophytes, e.g., in rice. two rhizobial strains which have been isolated from root nodules of the aquatic legumes aeschynomene fluminensis (irbg271) and sesbania aculeata (irbg74) were previously found to promote rice growth. in addition to analyzing their phylogenetic positions, we assessed the suitability of the 16s-23s ribosomal dna (rdna) intergenic spacer (igs) ... | 2001 | 11472944 |
| growth promotion of rice seedlings by allelopathic polysaccharide from welsh onion. | the underground portion of the welsh onion (allium fistulosum) was extracted and separated into seven fractions to purify allelopathic compounds that were found to promote the growth of rice seedlings (oryza sativa). the 80% (v/v) ethanol-insoluble fraction of the hot water extract showed the highest growth-promoting effect. purification by deae-cellulose chromatography gave four fractions, ad-1, 2, 3 and 4. ad-3 at 1000 ppm stimulated root and shoot growth by about 2.4 and 1.5 times over the re ... | 2001 | 11471727 |
| two types of replication protein a 70 kda subunit in rice, oryza sativa: molecular cloning, characterization, and cellular & tissue distribution. | replication protein a (rpa), which is comprised of three subunits, is an important factor involved in dna replication, repair, and transcription. we isolated and characterized 70 and 32 kda subunits of rpa from rice (oryza sativa cv. nipponbare) termed osrpa70a and osrpa32. osrpa70a shows a low level of homology with osrpa1 which was isolated from deepwater rice (oryza sativa cv. pin gaew 56), previously. we also succeeded to isolate osrpa70b which is homologue to osrpa1 from oryza sativa cv. ni ... | 2001 | 11470540 |
| ospaa2, a distinct alpha 1 subunit gene for the 20s proteasome in rice (oryza sativa l.). | the 20s proteasome is the proteolytic complex that is involved in removing abnormal proteins and other diverse biological functions. the 20s proteasome is constituted of 28 subunits arranged in four rings of seven subunits, and exists as a hollow cylinder. the two outer rings and the two inner rings are composed of seven different alpha and beta type subunits, respectively, giving an alpha 7 beta 7 beta 7 alpha 7 structure. we previously reported the primary structures of the 14 proteasomal subu ... | 2001 | 11470506 |
| constancy of nitrogen turnover kinetics in the plant cell: insights into the integration of subcellular n fluxes. | compartmental analysis with 13n was used to determine cytosolic nitrate (no3-) pools, and their turnover rates, in roots of intact barley (hordeum vulgare l. cv klondike) seedlings. influx, efflux, flux to the vacuole and assimilation, and flux to the xylem, varied as much as 300-fold over a wide range of external no3- conditions. by contrast, the kinetic constant kc describing cytosolic no3- turnover varied by less than 4% from a mean value of 0.0407 min(-1). accordingly, cytosolic no3- pools v ... | 2001 | 11469581 |
| involvement of cytochrome p-450 enzyme activity in the selectivity and safening action of pyrazosulfuron-ethyl. | to investigate the selectivity and safening action of the sulfonylurea herbicide pyrazosulfuron-ethyl (pse), pyrazosulfuron-ethyl o-demethylase (pseod) activity involving oxidative metabolism by cytochrome p-450 was studied in rice (oryza sativa l cv nipponbare) and cyperus serotinus rottb. cytochrome p-450-dependent activity was demonstrated by the use of the inducers 1,8-naphthalic anhydride and ethanol, the herbicides pse, bensulfuron-methyl, dimepiperate and dymron, or the inhibitor piperony ... | 2001 | 11455659 |
| uptake and translocation of carpropamid in rice (oryza sativa l). | translocation of the antiblast compound, carpropamid, was investigated in rice using [14c]carpropamid. when applied to the seed, carpropamid was not only readily absorbed but was translocated to different parts of the seedlings emerging from treated seeds. a substantial portion of fungicide appeared to be exuded onto the leaf surface. in 21-day-old plants grown from [14c]carpropamid-treated seeds, 27.2% of the radioactivity isolated from leaves was present on the surface of lamina. this exuded f ... | 2001 | 11455653 |
| synthesis of hemoglobins in rice (oryza sativa var. jackson) plants growing in normal and stress conditions. | in rice (oryza sativa var. jackson) at least three copies of hemoglobin (hb) gene exist. rice hb1 and hb2 genes are differentially expressed in roots and leaves from mature plants. we used polyclonal antibodies raised to recombinant rice hb1 and western blotting to analyze the synthesis of hbs in rice plants growing under normal or stress conditions. results showed that rice hbs are synthesized in coleoptiles, seminal roots and embryos from seeds germinated for 6 days, and also in leaves and roo ... | 2001 | 11448759 |
| gene tagging in rice: a high throughput system for functional genomics. | rice, with its small genome size and well-characterized molecular information, is an ideal model plant for cereal genomics research. sequence of the rice (oryza sativa) genome will be determined by the international rice genome sequencing project (irgsp) in the near future. therefore, a large population of mutant plants should be required for adequately assigning function to the abundant sequence information. here we summarize strategies as well as the progress that has been made in producing ge ... | 2001 | 11448751 |
| isolation and characterization of a na+/h+ antiporter gene from the halophyte atriplex gmelini. | with a homologous gene region we successfully isolated a na+/h+ antiporter gene from a halophytic plant, atriplex gmelini, and named it agnhx1. the isolated cdna is 2607 bp in length and contains one open reading frame, which comprises 555 amino acid residues with a predicted molecular mass of 61.9 kda. the amino acid sequence of the agnhx1 gene showed more than 75% identity with those of the previously isolated nhx1 genes from glycophytes, arabidopsis thaliana and oryza sativa. the migration pa ... | 2001 | 11437248 |
| rapd, rflp and sslp analyses of phylogenetic relationships between cultivated and wild species of rice. | rapd, rflp, nuclear sslp and chloroplast sslp analyses were carried out to clarify the phylogenetic relationships among a-genome species of rice. in total, 12 cultivars of oryza sativa (4 japonica, 3 javanica and 5 indica), one cultivar of o. glaberrima, and 17 wild accessions (12 o. rufipogon, 2 o. glumaepatula, 1 o. longistaminata, 1 o. meridionalis and 1 o. barthii) were used. their banding patterns were scored and compared to evaluate the similarity between accessions. genetic differentiatio ... | 2001 | 11434461 |
| mapping of qtls associated with cytosolic glutamine synthetase and nadh-glutamate synthase in rice (oryza sativa l.). | ninety-eight backcross inbred lines (bc1f6) developed between nipponbare, a japonica rice, and kasalath, an indica rice were employed to detect putative quantitative trait loci (qtls) associated with the contents of cytosolic glutamine synthetase (gs1; ec 6.3.1.2) and nadh-glutamate synthase (nadh-gogat; ec 1.4.1.14) in leaves. immunoblotting analyses showed transgressive segregations toward lower or greater contents of these enzyme proteins in these backcross inbred lines. seven chromosomal qtl ... | 2001 | 11432939 |
| anoxic stress leads to hydrogen peroxide formation in plant cells. | hydrogen peroxide (h2o2) was detected cytochemically in plant tissues during anoxia and re-oxygenation by transmission electron microscopy using its reaction with cerium chloride to produce electron dense precipitates of cerium perhydroxides. anoxia-tolerant yellow flag iris (iris pseudacorus) and rice (oryza sativa), and anoxia-intolerant wheat (triticum aestivum) and garden iris (iris germanica) were used in the experiments. in all plants tested, anoxia and re-oxygenation increased h2o2 in pla ... | 2001 | 11432936 |
| designing herbicide formulation characteristics to maximize efficacy and minimize rice injury in paddy environments. | mathematical descriptors, coupled with experimental observations, are used to quantify differential uptake of an experimental herbicide in japonica and indica rice (oryza sativa, non-target) and barnyardgrass (echinochloa crus-galli, target). partitioning, degradation, plant uptake and metabolism are described using mass-balance conservation equations in the form of kinetic approximations. estimated environmental concentrations, governed by the pesticide formulation, are described using superimp ... | 2001 | 11407023 |
| a new gypsy-type retrotransposon, rire7: preferential insertion into the tandem repeat sequence trsd in pericentromeric heterochromatin regions of rice chromosomes. | a portion of an insertion sequence present in a member of the rire3 family of retrotransposons in oryza sativa l. cv. ir36 was found to have an ltr sequence followed by a pbs sequence complementary to the 3'-end region of trnamet, indicative of another rice retrotransposon (named rire7). cloning and sequencing of pcr-amplified fragments that made up all parts of the rire7 sequence showed that rire7 is a gypsy-type retrotransposon with partial homology in the pol region to the rice gypsy-type ret ... | 2001 | 11405631 |
| determination of phytochelatins by capillary zone electrophoresis with electrospray tandem mass spectrometry detection (cze-es ms/ms). | the coupling of capillary zone electrophoresis with electrospray mass spectrometry was optimized for the direct determination of phytochelatins (pcs) in extracts obtained from cells and plants that had been exposed to metal stress. gluthathione and phytochelatins belonging to the different families (gamma glu-cys)ngly (n-pc), (gamma glu-cys)nser, (gamma glu-cys)n beta ala and (gamma glu-cys)n were separated in an uncoated capillary at ph 4 using a 5 mm ammonium acetate buffer, and detected by el ... | 2001 | 11394303 |
| a framework for sequencing the rice genome. | rice is an important food crop and a model plant for other cereal genomes. the clemson university genomics institute framework project, begun two years ago in anticipation of the now ongoing international effort to sequence the rice genome, is nearing completion. two bacterial artificial chromosome (bac) libraries have been constructed from the oryza sativa cultivar nipponbare. over 100,000 bac end sequences have been generated from these libraries and, at a current total of 28 mbp, represent 6. ... | 2001 | 11387975 |
| modulation in the activity of purified tonoplast h+-atpase by tonoplast glycolipids prepared from cultured rice (oryza sativa l. var. boro) cells. | glycolipids, phospholipids, and neutral lipids were extracted from the tonoplast fraction of cultured rice cells (oryza sativa l. var. boro). acyl steryl glucoside (asg) and glucocerebroside (glccer) were also prepared from this fraction. we determined the effects of these tonoplast lipids on the activity of h+-atpase which was delipidated and purified from the tonoplast fraction. exogenously added tonoplast phospholipids stimulated the activity of purified tonoplast h+-atpase, but tonoplast gly ... | 2001 | 11382818 |
| cellular compartmentation of ammonium assimilation in rice and barley. | this review describes immunolocalization studies of the tissue and cellular location of glutamine synthetase (gs; ec 6.3.1.2) and glutamate synthase (fd gogat; ec 1.4.7.1 and nadh-gogat; ec 1.4.1.14) proteins in roots and leaves of rice (oryza sativa l.) and barley (hordeum vulgare l.). in rice, cytosolic gs (gs1) protein was distributed homogeneously through all cells of the root. nadh gogat protein was strongly induced and its cellular location altered by ammonium treatment, becoming concentra ... | 2001 | 11373307 |
| isolation and molecular characterization of the cop1 gene homolog from rice, oryza sativa l. subsp. indica var. pusa basmati 1. | the cop1 (constitutive photomorphogenic 1) gene has been identified earlier from dicot species namely arabidopsis, tomato and pea. the protein encoded by this gene acts as a molecular switch that negatively regulates the transition from the skotomorphogenic to the photomorphogenic mode of plant development. we have isolated and characterized the cop1 homolog from a monocot species, i.e. rice (var. pusa basmati 1). all the functional domains (zn-binding ring finger motif, coiled-coil region, wd-4 ... | 2001 | 11347904 |
| in vivo evidence that ids3 from hordeum vulgare encodes a dioxygenase that converts 2'-deoxymugineic acid to mugineic acid in transgenic rice. | we proposed that an fe-deficiency-induced gene, ids3 (iron deficiency specific clone no. 3), from barley (hordeum vulgare l.) roots encodes a dioxygenase that catalyzes the hydroxylation step from 2'-deoxymugineic acid (dma) to mugineic acid (ma). to prove this hypothesis, we introduced the ids3 gene into rice (oryza sativa l.), which lacks ids3 homologues and secretes dma, but not ma. transgenic rice plants, carrying either ids3 cdna or a barley genomic dna fragment (20 kb) containing ids3, wer ... | 2001 | 11346963 |
| toxicity-based criteria for the evaluation of textile wastewater treatment efficiency. | brazilian textile mills import wastewater treatment technologies, performances of which are generally evaluated only on a physicochemical basis. thus, a battery of bioassays was used to evaluate the performance of an ozonation system to treat textile effluents. comparative toxicological profiles for bacteria (vibrio fischeri), algae (scenedesmus subspicatus), daphnia (daphnia magna), fish (poecilia reticulata), and plants (soybean--glycine max, rice--oryza sativa, and wheat--triticum aestivum), ... | 2001 | 11345461 |
| chloroplast fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase from oryza differs in salt tolerance property from the porteresia enzyme and is protected by osmolytes. | salinity exerted a distinctly differential effect on fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase (ec. 3.1.3.11) isolated from salt-sensitive and salt-tolerant rice (oryza sativa) varieties. cytosolic and chloroplastic isoforms of the enzyme from salt-sensitive rice seedlings exhibited decreased catalytic activity during growth in the presence of salt. furthermore, chloroplastic fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase purified from salt-sensitive (o. sativa cv. ir26) and from the wild halophytic rice porteresia coarctata di ... | 2001 | 11337074 |
| identification of defense-related rice genes by suppression subtractive hybridization and differential screening. | identification of host genes involved in defense responses is one of most critical steps leading to the elucidation of disease resistance mechanisms in plants. in this study, two different cloning strategies were employed to identify defense-related genes from a tropical japonica rice cultivar (oryza sativa cv. drew). with the use of bacterial colony arrays, differential screening of a blast fungus (pyricularia grisea)-induced rice cdna library led to the isolation of 22 distinct rice genes that ... | 2001 | 11332734 |
| identification and characterization of the gene encoding the mitochondrial elongation factor g in rice. | a plant nuclear gene coding for a mitochondrial elongation factor g (mef-g) was cloned from a cdna library and genomic library of rice (oryza sativa l.). this dna sequence predicts a 757-amino-acid protein exhibiting 79%, 55% and 49% homology to arabidopsis thaliana, saccharomyces cerevisiae and rat mef-g respectively, 53% homology to the elongation factor g in escherichia coli and 43% homology to soybean chloroplast elongation factor g. the deduced amino acid sequence contains the characteristi ... | 2000 | 11328648 |
| azospirillum brasilense and azospirillum lipoferum hydrolyze conjugates of ga20 and metabolize the resultant aglycones to ga1 in seedlings of rice dwarf mutants. | azospirillum species are plant growth-promotive bacteria whose beneficial effects have been postulated to be partially due to production of phytohormones, including gibberellins (gas). in this work, azospirillum brasilense strain cd and azospirillum lipoferum strain usa 5b promoted sheath elongation growth of two single gene ga-deficient dwarf rice (oryza sativa) mutants, dy and dx, when the inoculated seedlings were supplied with [17,17-2h2]ga20-glucosyl ester or [17,17- 2h2]ga20-glucosyl ether ... | 2001 | 11299384 |
| real time visualization of 13n-translocation in rice under different environmental conditions using positron emitting ttacer imaging system. | the ammonium ion is an indispensable nitrogen source for crops, especially paddy rice (oryza sativa l. cv nipponbare). until now, it has been impossible to measure ammonium uptake and nitrogen movement in plants in real time. using the new technologies of petis (positron emitting tracer imaging system) and pmps (positron multi-probe system), we were able to visualize the real time translocation of nitrogen and water in rice plants. we used positron-emitting 13n-labeled ammonium (13nh4+) and 15o- ... | 2001 | 11299355 |
| transgenic rice plants expressing the ferredoxin-like protein (ap1) from sweet pepper show enhanced resistance to xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. | we used particle bombardment to cotransform mature seed-derived rice callus (oryza sativa l., ssp. japonica, cv. eyi 105) with plasmids containing the linked marker genes gusa and hpt, and the ap1 gene encoding an amphipathic protein previously shown to delay the hypersensitive response induced in non-host plants by the pathogen pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae (pss). thirty-two independent lines of transgenic rice plants were regenerated, and 27 of these lines carried all three transgenes as s ... | 2001 | 11297801 |
| arginine decarboxylase transgene expression and analysis of environmental stress tolerance in transgenic rice. | arginine decarboxylase (adc) cdna from oat (avena sativa l.) was introduced into rice (oryza sativa l.) genome by an agrobacterium-mediated transformation method. expression of the adc transgene under the control of an aba-inducible promoter led to stress-induced upregulation of adc activity and polyamine accumulation in transgenic rice plants. second-generation (rl) transgenic rice plants showed an increase in biomass under salinity-stress conditions, as compared to the non-transformed control ... | 2001 | 11297783 |
| enzymic feruloylation of arabinoxylan-trisaccharide by feruloyl-coa:arabinoxylan-trisaccharide o-hydroxycinnamoyl transferase from oryza sativa. | feruloyl-coa:arabinoxylan-trisaccharide o-hydroxycinnamoyl transferase, which catalyzes the transfer of ferulic acid from fer-coa to arabinoxylan-trisaccharide in the formation of feruloyl arabinoxylan-trisaccharide (fer-axx), has been found in an ionically bound fraction and a cytosol fraction of suspension-cultured rice (oriza sativa l. cv. nipponbare) cells. analysis of reaction products by high-performance liquid chromatography showed the formation of product a, which is one of the transfer ... | 2001 | 11289614 |
| new rice mutants lacking glutelin alpha-1 subunit. | four rice (oryza sativa l.) mutant lines lacking glutelin alpha-1 subunit were obtained by screening the progenies of fertilized egg treatment with mnu. sds-page and ief analyses showed that the mutants without pi6.82 polypeptide in common while forming/increasing other polypeptide indicating that the mutants were controlled by structural genes. ief analysis also suggested that the polypeptides of pi6.82 and pi8.58 derived from the same glutelin precursor. the mutants are considered to be useful ... | 2001 | 11280996 |
| futile transmembrane nh4(+) cycling: a cellular hypothesis to explain ammonium toxicity in plants. | most higher plants develop severe toxicity symptoms when grown on ammonium (nh(4)(+)) as the sole nitrogen source. recently, nh(4)(+) toxicity has been implicated as a cause of forest decline and even species extinction. although mechanisms underlying nh(4)(+) toxicity have been extensively sought, the primary events conferring it at the cellular level are not understood. using a high-precision positron tracing technique, we here present a cell-physiological characterization of nh(4)(+) acquisit ... | 0 | 11274450 |
| characterization of euploid backcross progenies derived from interspecific hybrids between oryza sativa and o. eichingeri by restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) analysis and genomic in situ hybridization (gish). | restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) analysis and gish (genomic in situ hybridization) were performed on euploid plants derived from crosses between oryza sativa (2n = 24, aa) and two brown planthopper-resistant accessions of o. eichingeri (2n = 24, cc). after screening with 164 rflp markers, 60 of the 67 euploid plants were identified as introgression lines, each carrying 1-6 small o. eichingeri segments integrated on chromosomes 1, 2, 6, or 10. in the somatic chromosome preparations ... | 2001 | 11269361 |
| identification of yac clones containing the mutable slender glume locus slg in rice (oryza sativa l.). | a mutable slender glume gene slg, which often reverts to the wild-type state, was induced by gamma-ray irradiation of seeds of the japonica rice cultivar 'gimbozu'. the final goal was to understand whether the slender glume mutation was associated with the insertion of a transposable element, utilizing map-based cloning techniques. the rflp (restriction fragment length polymorphism) analysis revealed that the slg locus was located between two rflp loci, xnpb33 and r1440, on chromosome 7 with rec ... | 2001 | 11269342 |
| quantitative trait loci mapping associated with plant regeneration ability from seed derived calli in rice (oryza sativa l.). | quantitative trait loci (qtls), which are associated with the ability of plant regeneration from seed derived calli, were detected using a recombinant inbred (ri) population from a cross between 'milyang 23 (toingil)' and 'gihobyeo (japonica)' in rice (oryza sativa l.). a tongil type cultivar, 'milyang 23', has a lower frequency of callus induction and plant regeneration than those of japonica 'gihobyeo'. transgressive segregations were observed for the callus induction rate and plant regenerati ... | 2001 | 11266122 |
| protein phosphatase 2a: identification in oryza sativa of the gene encoding the regulatory a subunit. | a 2225 bp cdna, designated rpa1, was isolated from an oryza sativa cdna library. analysis revealed a 1761 bp coding sequence with 15 non-identical repeat units. the orf encoded the a regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 2a (pp2a-a) as ascertained by complementation of the yeast tpd3 mutant defective in this gene. the corresponding genomic dna from a rice genome bac library revealed that the gene contains eleven introns. the rice genome contains only a single copy of this gene as judged by s ... | 2001 | 11247601 |
| comparison of waxy gene regulation in the endosperm and pollen in oryza sativa l. | the waxy (wx) gene controls amylose synthesis in rice (oryza sativa) and its expression is regulated organ-specifically. the wx gene is expressed in the endosperm and pollen but not in other organs. in order to know whether wx gene regulation is the same in the endosperm and pollen, we compared expression patterns of the rice wx gene in these two organs by immunoblot analysis. we focused on the allelic differences (wxa and wxb), cool temperature response and effects of the mutation at the du loc ... | 2000 | 11245217 |
| expression of a gibberellin 2-oxidase gene around the shoot apex is related to phase transition in rice. | a major catabolic pathway for gibberellin (ga) is initiated by 2beta-hydroxylation, a reaction catalyzed by ga 2-oxidase. we have isolated and characterized a cdna, designated oryza sativa ga 2-oxidase 1 (osga2ox1) from rice (oryza sativa l. cv nipponbare) that encodes a ga 2-oxidase. the encoded protein, produced by heterologous expression in escherichia coli, converted ga(1), ga(4), ga(9), ga(20), and ga(44) to the corresponding 2beta-hydroxylated products ga(8), ga(34), ga(51), ga(29), and ga ... | 2001 | 11244129 |
| a rice membrane-bound calcium-dependent protein kinase is activated in response to low temperature. | calcium-dependent protein kinases (cdpks) are found in various subcellular localizations, which suggests that this family of serine/threonine kinases may be involved in multiple signal transduction pathways. cdpks are believed to be involved in the response of plants to low temperatures, but the precise role in the signal transduction pathway is largely unknown. previous reports described changes in cdpks' mrna levels in response to cold treatment, but whether these changes are accompanied by in ... | 2001 | 11244123 |
| nonsense-mediated decay of mutant waxy mrna in rice. | two rice (oryza sativa) waxy mutations of the japonica background were shown to contain approximately 20% of the fully spliced mrna relative to the wild type. sequencing analysis of the entire waxy genes of the two mutants revealed the presence of premature translation termination codons in exon 2 and exon 7. these results indicated that the lower accumulation of fully spliced rna in the mutants was caused by nonsense-mediated decay (nmd), which is an rna surveillance system universally found in ... | 2001 | 11244118 |
| comparative sequence analysis of colinear barley and rice bacterial artificial chromosomes. | colinearity of a large region from barley (hordeum vulgare) chromosome 5h and rice (oryza sativa) chromosome 3 has been demonstrated by mapping of several common restriction fragment-length polymorphism clones on both regions. one of these clones, wg644, was hybridized to rice and barley bacterial artificial chromosome (bac) libraries to select homologous clones. one bac from each species with the largest overlapping segment was selected by fingerprinting and blot hybridization with three additi ... | 2001 | 11244114 |
| toward integration of comparative genetic, physical, diversity, and cytomolecular maps for grasses and grains, using the sorghum genome as a foundation. | the small genome of sorghum (sorghum bicolor l. moench.) provides an important template for study of closely related large-genome crops such as maize (zea mays) and sugarcane (saccharum spp.), and is a logical complement to distantly related rice (oryza sativa) as a "grass genome model." using a high-density rflp map as a framework, a robust physical map of sorghum is being assembled by integrating hybridization and fingerprint data with comparative data from related taxa such as rice and using ... | 2001 | 11244113 |
| mutator transposase is widespread in the grasses. | although the mutator (mu) system is well characterized in maize (zea mays), very little is known about this highly mutagenic system of transposons in other grasses. mutator is regulated by the mudr class of elements, which encodes two genes, one of which, mudra, has similarity to a number of bacterial transposases. experiments in our laboratory, as well as database searches, demonstrate that mudra sequences are ubiquitous and diverse in the grasses. in several species it is clear that multiple p ... | 2001 | 11244110 |
| active retrotransposons are a common feature of grass genomes. | a large fraction of the genomes of grasses, members of the family graminae, is composed of retrotransposons. these elements resemble animal retroviruses in their structure and possess a life cycle similar to theirs that includes transcription, translation, and integration of daughter copies. we have investigated if retrotransposons are generally transcribed in the grasses and other plants, and whether the various families of elements are translationally and integrationally active in multiple gra ... | 2001 | 11244109 |
| screening of the rice viviparous mutants generated by endogenous retrotransposon tos17 insertion. tagging of a zeaxanthin epoxidase gene and a novel ostatc gene. | the rice (oryza sativa) retrotransposon tos17 is one of a few active retrotransposons in plants and its transposition is activated by tissue culture. here, we present the characterization of viviparous mutants of rice induced by tissue culture to demonstrate the feasibility of the use of retrotransposon tos17 as an endogenous insertional mutagen and cloning of the tagged gene for forward genetics in unraveling the gene function. two mutants were shown to be caused by the insertion of tos17. osab ... | 2001 | 11244106 |
| rice bioinformatics. analysis of rice sequence data and leveraging the data to other plant species. | rice (oryza sativa) is a model species for monocotyledonous plants, especially for members in the grass family. several attributes such as small genome size, diploid nature, transformability, and establishment of genetic and molecular resources make it a tractable organism for plant biologists. with an estimated genome size of 430 mb (arumuganathan and earle, 1991), it is feasible to obtain the complete genome sequence of rice using current technologies. an international effort has been establis ... | 2001 | 11244096 |
| plant--fungal interactions: the search for phytoalexins and other antifungal compounds from higher plants. | a brief review is given of some biological, chemical and chemotaxonomic aspects of phytoalexin research. emphasis is placed on the search for antifungal compounds in the plant families leguminosae and rosaceae, and in rice, oryza sativa. the possible role of phytoalexins in the resistance of rice plants against the fungus pyricularia oryzae (= magnaporthe grisea) is discussed, and the future prospects of phytoalexin research are outlined. | 2001 | 11243452 |
| the lax1 and frizzy panicle 2 genes determine the inflorescence architecture of rice by controlling rachis-branch and spikelet development. | we have analyzed two mutants that exhibit altered panicle architecture in rice (oryza sativa l.). in lax1-2, which is a new and stronger allele of the previously reported lax mutant, initiation and/or maintenance of rachis-branches, lateral spikelets, and terminal spikelets was severely prevented. in situ hybridization analysis using osh1, a rice knotted1 (kn1) ortholog, confirmed the absence of lateral meristems in lax1-2 panicles. these defects indicate that the lax1 gene is required for the i ... | 2001 | 11237465 |
| reproductive performance and milk production of damascus goats fed acacia shrubs or berseem clover hay in north sinai, egypt. | thirty-three adult damascus does (29 +/- 1.1 kg bw) were fed 0.6 kg per head per day of a concentrate diet plus ad libitum rice straw (oryza sativa, control, r), or green acacia (acacia saligna, a) or berseem clover hay (trifolium alexandrinum, b). all treatment groups had free access to underground saline water containing 3600 ppm tds. the dm intake was lower (p < 0.05) for the r group but did not differ between the other two groups. the dm intake of acacia was 0.64 kg per head per day (1.98% b ... | 2001 | 11234194 |
| [differential accumulation of the new high-affinity phosphate transporter candidated gene fragment in rice roots in response to phosphorus deficiency stress]. | phosphate is a major constraint to crop production, and phosphate uptake in plant is mainly by high-affinity phosphate transporter under phosphate deficiency condition. using rt-pcr, a 1,178 bp phosphate transporter gene fragment ojpt1 was cloned from roots of jingxi17 (oryza sativa l. ssp. japanica) supplied with no phosphate. the comparison of this sequence with ones in genbank indicated that it shared about 70% similarity at amino acid level with other phosphate transporters in higher plants, ... | 2001 | 11233258 |
| [qtl analysis for epistatic effects and qtl x environment interaction effects on final height of rice (oryza sativa l.)]. | qtls with epistatic effects and environmental interaction effects for final height of rice were studied by mixed-model based qtl mapping with a doubled haploid population from ir64/azucena in four environments. the results demonstrated the importance of epistasis as a genetic basis of the quantitative traits and also revealed several important features of this phenomenon. in the results, 100 per cent of qtls were involved in epistasis, of which 64 per cent were found with significant additive ef ... | 2001 | 11233257 |
| field evaluation of resistance of transgenic rice containing a synthetic cry1ab gene from bacillus thuringiensis berliner to two stem borers. | two transgenic rice (oryza sativa l.) lines, kmd1 and kmd2 at the r4 generation, transformed with a synthetic cry1ab gene from bacillus thuringiensis berliner, were first evaluated for stem borer resistance in the field during the rice growing season of 1998 in two areas of zhejiang province, china. both kmd1 and kmd2 were highly resistant to the stem borers chilo suppressalis (walker) and scirpophaga incertulas (walker), and were completely undamaged during the whole rice growing season. in con ... | 2001 | 11233125 |
| characterization of a rice (oryza sativa l.) bowman-birk proteinase inhibitor: tightly light regulated induction in response to cut, jasmonic acid, ethylene and protein phosphatase 2a inhibitors. | the bowman-birk (bb) family of proteinase inhibitors (pi), initially reported from legume seeds, and thereafter also from wounded alfalfa and maize leaves appear to be regulated in similar ways as the extensively characterized pi i and pi ii family from dicots. here, we report a first characterization of the expression profiles of a rice (oryza sativa l. cv. nipponbare) bbpi gene, osbbpi, which is part of a multigene family as demonstrated by genomic southern hybridization. osbbpi was found to b ... | 2001 | 11223257 |
| preferential occurrence of diazotrophic endophytes, azoarcus spp., in wild rice species and land races of oryza sativa in comparison with modern races. | several diazotrophic species of azoarcus spp. occur as endophytes in the pioneer plant kallar grass. the purpose of this study was to screen asian wild rice and cultivated oryza sativa varieties for natural association with these endophytes. populations of culturable diazotrophs in surface-sterilized roots were characterized by 16s rdna sequence analysis, and azoarcus species were identified by genomic fingerprints. a. indigens and azoarcus sp. group c were detected only rarely, whereas azoarcus ... | 2000 | 11220300 |
| behavior of cinosulfuron in paddy surface waters, sediments, and ground water. | cinosulfuron (3-(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)-1-[2-(2-methoxyethoxy)-phenylsulfonyl]-urea) is a sulfonylurea herbicide used to control a wide range of broadleaf weeds in rice (oryza sativa l.). a 2-yr field study was conducted in northwest italy to determine the effect of cinosulfuron on surface and subsoil waters in rice paddies. cinosulfuron was applied at 70 g a.i. ha(-1) on 35 ha of flooded rice. after the treatment, the change in herbicide concentration over time was studied by analyzi ... | 2015 | 11215644 |
| a comparative study of modified starches in direct compression of a water soluble drug-chloroquine phosphate. | some in vitro properties of chloroquine phosphate tablets formulated with four modified starches were investigated. the drug was formulated as tablets containing 250 mg of chloroquine phosphate and produced by the direct compression technique. the starches were isolated from maize, zea mays, rice, oryza sativa, cassava, manihot esculenta and cocoyam, zanthosoma sagittifolium. they were modified through physicochemical process, sta-rx 1500, a directly compressible starch was used as basis for com ... | 2013 | 11213430 |
| [qtls analysis of tiller angle in rice (oryza sativa l.)]. | tiller angle is one of important characters that constitute plant type with great significance in breading. a pair of japonica/indica lines, which were significantly different in tiller angle, were used in this study. a dh population were constructed via anther culture of f1 hybrids. the tiller angles of 115 dh lines were measured. qtl analysis was conducted based on the constructed molecular linkage map. three qtls (qta-9a, qta-9b and qta-12) were detected on chromosome 9 and 12 respectively, t ... | 2001 | 11209708 |
| [production of herbicide-resistant rice with transforming heterogene]. | using pahc20 (containing bar gene), pwrg1515 (containing gus gene and hygromycin phosphotransferase gene), and pcambia3300 rg with bar gene and snowdrop lectin (gna) gene as donor dna, the micro-adventitious shoots and the calli induced from mature embryos of oryza sativa 87203, eyi105, shangnong aromatic glutinous rice as recipients were transformed with particle bombardment and agrobacterium tumefaciens strain lba4404 containing pal4404, respectively. after chosen with phosphinothricin and ant ... | 2000 | 11209693 |
| methanogenic archaea and co2-dependent methanogenesis on washed rice roots. | washed excised roots of rice (oryza sativa) immediately started to produce ch4 when they were incubated in phosphate buffer under anoxic conditions (n2 atmosphere), with initial rates varying between 2 and 70nmolh(-1)g(-1) dry weight of root material (mean +/- se: 20.3 +/- 5.9 nmol h(-1) g(-1) dry weight; n = 18). production of ch4 continued for at least 500 h, with rates usually decreasing slowly. ch4 production was not significantly affected by methyl fluoride, an inhibitor of acetoclastic met ... | 1999 | 11207731 |
| soil biochemical activity and growth response of rice oryza sativa in flyash amended soil. | soil amended with different proportions of flyash, a solid waste generated from coal-fired thermal power plants, was evaluated as a soil conditioner and nutrient supplement during a field study on the growth of rice, oryza sativa. generally, ph and organic carbon (oc) content did not increase significantly (p > 0.05) in flyash amended soil, but significant increases (p < 0.05) in soil conductivity (32%), available phosphorus (48%) and organic matter (om, 29%) were observed during harvest at the ... | 2001 | 11198170 |
| [developmental genetic analysis of brown rice thickness of indica rice (oryza sativa l.)]. | analysis of developmental genetic effects for brown rice thickness (brt) trait in indica rice (oryza sativa l.) at four different filling stages was conducted and a developmental genetic model and corresponding statistical approaches for quantitative traits of triploid endosperm in cereal crops was used. the results indicated that the diploid maternal plant, triploid endosperm and cytoplasmic genetic effects were important for brt trait at all filling stages of rice and those effects were the ma ... | 2000 | 11192430 |
| heat shock-mediated apx gene expression and protection against chilling injury in rice seedlings. | rice (oryza sativa l.) seedlings, when kept at 42 degrees c for 24 h before being kept at 5 degrees c for 7 d, did not develop chilling injury. chilling resistance was enhanced in parallel with the period of heat-treatment. the level of apx activity was higher in heated seedlings whereas cat activity was decreased by heat stress. there was no significant difference in sod activity between heated and unheated seedlings. the elevated activity of apx was sustained after 7 d of chilling. the cytosol ... | 2001 | 11181723 |
| survey of transposable elements from rice genomic sequences. | oryza sativa l. (domesticated rice) is a monocotyledonous plant, and its 430 mb genome has been targeted for complete sequencing. we performed a high-resolution computer-based survey for transposable elements on 910 kb of rice genomic dna sequences. both class i and ii transposable elements were present, contributing 19.9% of the sequences surveyed. class ii elements greatly outnumbered class i elements (166 versus 22), although class i elements made up a greater percentage (12.2% versus 6.6%) o ... | 2001 | 11169193 |
| regulation of proline accumulation in detached rice leaves exposed to excess copper. | accumulation of proline in response to excess cu was studied in detached leaves of rice (oryza sativa). cuso(4) was effective in inducing proline accumulation in detached rice leaves under both light and dark conditions. cuso(4) and cucl(2) were equally effective in inducing proline accumulation, indicating that proline accumulation is induced by cu. sulfate salts of mg, mn, and fe were ineffective in inducing proline accumulation in detached rice leaves. excess cu had no effect on relative wate ... | 2001 | 11164600 |
| aldose reductase in rice (oryza sativa l.): stress response and developmental specificity. | aldose reductase (ar) protein and enzyme (alditol: nad (p)(+) 1-oxidoreductase, ec 1.1.1.21) activity have been identified in mature seeds of indica rice cultivars. the protein begins to accumulate 15 days after pollination, reaches a peak at seed maturity and disappears upon imbibition. furthermore, ar is induced in vegetative tissues in response to exogenous aba application and other stress conditions, such as peg mediated water stress and salinity. increase in ar protein levels upon stress ar ... | 0 | 11164587 |
| distinct patterns of expression but similar biochemical properties of protein l-isoaspartyl methyltransferase in higher plants. | protein l-isoaspartyl methyltransferase is a widely distributed repair enzyme that initiates the conversion of abnormal l-isoaspartyl residues to their normal l-aspartyl forms. here we show that this activity is expressed in developing corn (zea mays) and carrot (daucus carota var. danvers half long) plants in patterns distinct from those previously seen in winter wheat (triticum aestivum cv augusta) and thale cress (arabidopsis thaliana), whereas the pattern of expression observed in rice (oryz ... | 2001 | 11161058 |
| a comparative molecular-physiological study of submergence response in lowland and deepwater rice. | survival of rice (oryza sativa) upon an extreme rise of the water level depends on rapid stem elongation, which is mediated by ethylene. a genomic clone (os-acs5) encoding 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (acc) synthase, which catalyzes a regulatory step in ethylene biosynthesis, has been isolated from cv ir36, a lowland rice variety. expression was induced upon short- and long-term submergence in cv ir36 and in cv plai ngam, a thai deepwater rice variety. under hypoxic conditions, abscisic ... | 2001 | 11161052 |
| sugar coordinately and differentially regulates growth- and stress-related gene expression via a complex signal transduction network and multiple control mechanisms. | in plants, sugars are required to sustain growth and regulate gene expression. a large set of genes are either up- or down-regulated by sugars; however, whether there is a common mechanism and signal transduction pathway for differential and coordinated sugar regulation remain unclear. in the present study, the rice (oryza sativa cv tainan 5) cell culture was used as a model system to address this question. sucrose and glucose both played dual functions in gene regulation as exemplified by the u ... | 2001 | 11161045 |
| quantitative trait loci for component physiological traits determining salt tolerance in rice. | rice (oryza sativa) is sensitive to salinity, which affects one-fifth of irrigated land worldwide. reducing sodium and chloride uptake into rice while maintaining potassium uptake are characteristics that would aid growth under saline conditions. we describe genetic determinants of the net quantity of ions transported to the shoot, clearly distinguishing between quantitative trait loci (qtl) for the quantity of ions in a shoot and for those that affect the concentration of an ion in the shoot. t ... | 2001 | 11154348 |
| cloning and characterization of estc from burkholderia gladioli, a novel-type esterase related to plant enzymes. | by screening a genomic library of burkholderia gladioli (formerly pseudomonas marginata) for clones exhibiting esterolytic activity, the gene for a novel-type esterase (estc) showing significant homology to plant enzymes could be isolated. high homology was found to two hydroxynitrile lyases originating from hevea brasiliensis (tropical rubber tree) and manihot esculenta (cassava), and to two proteins from oryza sativa (rice) that are specifically induced upon infection by pseudomonas syringae p ... | 2000 | 11152069 |
| [genetic study of plant height of tall plant mutant mh-1 in rice (oryza sativa l.)]. | mh-1 is a tall plant mutant induced by irradiation from semi-dwarfed variety guichao 2. the genetic analyses were carried out through the f1, f2, f3 progenies and test-crossed f1 on mh-1 crossed with materials with sd-1 gene, non-allelic gene to sd-1 and common tall plant. the results indicate that the induced tall plant trait of mh-1 is controlled by a recessive inhibiting gene, named tentatively i-sd-1(t), that can regulate the expression of sd-1 gene but not of non-allelic gene to sd-1. the v ... | 2000 | 11147349 |
| induction of ltp (lipid transfer protein) and pal (phenylalanine ammonia-lyase) gene expression in rice roots colonized by the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus glomus mosseae. | the expression of a lipid transfer protein (ltp) gene is regulated in oryza sativa roots in response to colonization by the mycorrhizal fungus glomus mosseae. transcript levels increased when the fungus forms appressoria and penetrates the root epidermis and decreased at the onset of the intercellular colonization of the root cortex. the analysis of histochemical gus staining in transgenic rice plants carrying the ltp/gus construct confirm the induction of ltp: gene associated with fungal appres ... | 2000 | 11141171 |
| a 33-kda allergen from rice (oryza sativa l. japonica). cdna cloning, expression, and identification as a novel glyoxalase i. | cereal proteins are known to cause allergic reactions such as baker's asthma and severe atopic dermatitis to certain populations. in rice allergy, proteins with molecular masses of 14-16, 26, 33, and 56 kda have been demonstrated to be potentially allergenic. in this study, to identify and characterize the 33-kda allergen, designated glb33, this protein was first purified to homogeneity, and its cdna clone was isolated. when expressed in escherichia coli, the recombinant glb33 was shown to be as ... | 2001 | 11139585 |
| isolation of a new retrotransposon-like dna sequence and its use in analysis of diversity within the oryza officinalis complex. | to better understand the genetic diversity of the wild relatives of rice (oryza sativa l.) in the o. officinalis species complex repetitive dna markers were obtained from the diploid species of this complex. one cloned sequence from o. eichingeri gave intense hybridization signals with all species of the o. officinalis complex. this 242 bp clone, named poe.49, has a copy number from 0.9 to 4.0 x 10(4) in diploid species of this complex. analysis of the primary structure and database searches rev ... | 2000 | 11138942 |
| gibberellin biosynthesis: metabolic evidence for three steps in the early 13-hydroxylation pathway of rice. | [14c4]ga53, [14c4]ga44, and [2h2/14c4]ga19 were injected separately into seedlings of rice (oryza sativa) using a dwarf mutant (d35) that has low levels of endogenous gibberellins (gas). after 8 h incubation, the shoots were extracted and the labeled metabolites were identified by full-scan gas chromatography mass spectrometry (gc-ms) and kovats retention indices (kris). our results document the metabolic sequence, ga53-->ga44-->ga19-->ga20 and the presence of endogenous ga53, ga44, ga19, ga20 a ... | 2000 | 11117879 |
| three-dimensional solution structure of oryzacystatin-i, a cysteine proteinase inhibitor of the rice, oryza sativa l. japonica. | the three-dimensional structure of oryzacystatin-i, a cysteine proteinase inhibitor of the rice, oryza sativa l. japonica, has been determined in solution at ph 6.8 and 25 degrees c by (1)h and (15)n nmr spectroscopy. the main body (glu13-asp97) of oryzacystatin-i is well-defined and consists of an alpha-helix and a five-stranded antiparallel beta-sheet, while the n- and c-terminal regions (ser2-val12 and ala98-ala102) are less defined. the helix-sheet architechture of oryzacystatin-i is stabili ... | 2000 | 11101290 |
| rice (oryza sativa l.) ospr1b gene is phytohormonally regulated in close interaction with light signals. | strategies evolved by plants to counteract a variety of biotic/abiotic stresses include induction of genes encoding pathogenesis-related (pr) protein, in particular the pr class 1 (pr1) gene family, widely used in stress response studies. in spite of its immense importance as a pr family member, and an accepted gene marker in plant disease/defense in dicots, little is known about rice pr1 genes. recently, we cloned and characterized the first ospr1a (rice acidic pr1) gene (agrawal et al. (2000) ... | 2000 | 11097833 |
| involvement of calcium-dependent protein kinase in rice (oryza sativa l.) lamina inclination caused by brassinolide. | promotive effect of brassinolide (bl) on green lamina inclination was concentration-dependent when excised rice (oryza sativa l.) lamina was floated on bl solution under continuous light conditions. protein kinase inhibitor staurosporine and ca2+ channel blocker lacl3 could completely, while ca2+ chelator egta could partially inhibit the lamina inclination caused by bl. two protein kinases with apparent molecular masses of 45 and 54 kda were detected using an in-gel kinase assay with histone iii ... | 2000 | 11092909 |
| the blast algorithms: practical application in molecular cloning, marker-assisted selection (mas) and introgression of wheat. | blast (basic local alignment search) analyses of hordeum chilense rapd markers have shown dna sequence similarities with several plant genes. biologically significant hits were scored for: plastocianin (hordeum vulgare), alpha-gliadin (triticum aestivum), grandel-6 retrotransposon (zea diploperennis), retrofit (gag/pol) copia-like, transposon-like element (oryza longistaminata), copia-like retrotransposon hopscotch polyprotein (gag/pol) (zea mays) and several retrotransposons/retroelements from ... | 2000 | 11092750 |
| [studies on the biosynthesis of sterol side chain in higher plants]. | campesterol (3) and dihydrobrassicasterol (4), typical c28-sterols in higher plants, are biosynthesized from a steroidal 24-ene precursor (desmosterol 1) via 24-methylenecholesterol (2) and 24-methyldesmosterol (5). a typical plant c29-sterol, sitosterol (6), is produced from 24-methylenecholesterol via isofucosterol (7) and 24-ethyldesmosterol (8). the biosynthetic mechanism, focussing stereochemical features, of these side-chain transformations has been studied in detail by feeding regio- and ... | 2000 | 11082699 |
| identification of rice varieties with high tolerance or sensitivity to lead and characterization of the mechanism of tolerance. | pb inhibits plant growth. to study pb tolerance in rice (oryza sativa), we screened 229 varieties for pb tolerance or sensitivity. three-day-old seedlings were treated for 12 d with 20 microm pb solution. based on the dry weight of the root, three pb-tolerant (var ch-55, var kh-2j, var kumnung) and three pb-sensitive (var aixueru, var c-9491, var milyang23) rice varieties were selected. the root biomasses of the tolerant varieties were approximately 10-fold higher than those of the sensitive one ... | 2000 | 11080279 |
| the arabidopsis thaliana isogene nit4 and its orthologs in tobacco encode beta-cyano-l-alanine hydratase/nitrilase. | nitrilases (nitrile aminohydrolases, ec ) are enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of nitriles to the corresponding carbon acids. among the four known nitrilases of arabidopsis thaliana, the isoform nit4 is the most divergent one, and homologs of nit4 are also known from species not belonging to the brassicaceae like nicotiana tabacum and oryza sativa. we expressed a. thaliana nit4 as hexahistidine tag fusion protein in escherichia coli. the purified enzyme showed a strong substrate specificity ... | 2001 | 11060302 |
| synthesis of some n1-phenyl-n3-[2-aryl/aryloxymethyl-1,3,4-oxa(thia)diazol-2-yl]sulphonyl ureas as potential pesticides. | n1-phenyl-n3-aryl/aryloxymethyl[1,3,4-oxa(thia)diazol-2-yl]s ulphonyl ureas (4 and 7) were conveniently prepared from 2-aryl/aryloxymethyl- 1,3,4-oxa(thia)diazol-2-sulphonamide (3 and 6) and phenyl isothiocyanate. sulphonamides were synthesised by the reaction of 2-aryl/aryloxymethyl-1,3,4-oxa(thia)diazol-2-sulphonyl chlorides (2 and 5) with ammonia. all the compounds have been tested for fungicidal activity against the fungal species cephalosporium saccharii and helminthosporium oryzae. the two ... | 2000 | 11059098 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of a cdna and a gene for subtilisin-like serine proteases from rice (oryza sativa l.) and arabidopsis thaliana. | the complete nucleotide sequences of a cdna (rsp1) that encodes a subtilisin-like serine protease (subtilase) of rice (oryza sativa l.) and a gene (asp48) for arabidopsis subtilase were analyzed. the rspi cdna and asp48 dna encoded 736- and 757-residue pre-pro-polypeptides including a signal peptide with molecular masses of 78,668 da and 79,414 da, respectively. rsp1 is the first known serine protease in rice, and asp48 is a gene for ara12 cdna. sequence comparison and phylogenetic analysis show ... | 2000 | 11055401 |
| selective inhibition of reactions involved in methanogenesis and fatty acid production on rice roots. | washed excised roots of rice (oryza sativa) produced h(2), ch(4) and fatty acids (millimolar concentrations of acetate, propionate, butyrate; micromolar concentrations of isovalerate, valerate) when incubated under anoxic conditions. surface sterilization of the root material resulted in the inactivation of the production of ch(4), a strong reduction of the production of fatty acids and a transient (75 h) but complete inhibition of the production of h(2). radioactive bicarbonate was incorporated ... | 2000 | 11053733 |
| [qtls and epistasis underlying rice (oryza sativa l.) panicle length in different genetic background and environments]. | a double haploid (dh) population and a recombinant inbred (ri) population derived from a cross between a japonica male parent azucena and indica female parents, ir64 and ir1552 respectively, were used in both field and pot experiments for detecting qtls and epistasis for rice panicle length in different genetic background and different environments. panicle length (pl) was measured at maturity. qtls for pl were detected using single marker analysis and interval mapping. epistasis effects on the ... | 2000 | 11051720 |
| purification, molecular cloning, and sequence analysis of sucrose-6f-phosphate phosphohydrolase from plants. | sucrose-6(f)-phosphate phosphohydrolase (spp; ec ) catalyzes the final step in the pathway of sucrose biosynthesis and is the only enzyme of photosynthetic carbon assimilation for which the gene has not been identified. the enzyme was purified to homogeneity from rice (oryza sativa l.) leaves and partially sequenced. the rice leaf enzyme is a dimer with a native molecular mass of 100 kda and a subunit molecular mass of 50 kda. the enzyme is highly specific for sucrose 6(f)-phosphate with a k(m) ... | 2000 | 11050182 |
| characterization and expression of monosaccharide transporters (osmsts) in rice. | this study deals with the cloning and characterization of monosaccharide transporter cdnas in rice. osmst1-3 (oryza sativa monosaccharide transporters 1-3) have two sets of putative six transmembrane domains separated by a central long hydrophilic region. heterologous expression of osmst3 in the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae indicated that osmst3 has transport activity for some monosaccharides in an energy-dependent h+ co-transport manner. northern blot and in situ hybridization analyses showed ... | 2000 | 11038054 |
| sequence-specific and methylation-dependent and -independent binding of rice nuclear proteins to a rice tungro bacilliform virus vascular bundle expression element. | nuclear proteins from rice (oryza sativa) were identified that bind specifically to a rice tungro bacilliform virus promoter region containing a vascular bundle expression element (vbe). one set of proteins of 29, 33, and 37 kda, present in shoot and cell suspension extracts but hardly detectable in root extracts, bound to a site containing the sequence agaaggaccaga within the vbe, which also contains two cpg and one cpnpg potential methylation motifs. binding by these proteins was determined to ... | 2001 | 11036074 |
| expression of alpha-expansin genes in young seedlings of rice (oryza sativa l.). | rice is the only cereal in which germination and coleoptile elongation occur in hypoxia or anoxia. little is known of the molecular basis directly underlying coleoptile cell extension. in this paper, we describe the expression of alpha-expansin genes in embryos during seed development and young seedlings grown under various oxygen concentrations. the genes os-exp2 and os-exp1 were predominantly expressed in the developing seeds, mainly in newly developed leaves, coleoptiles, and seminal roots. t ... | 2000 | 11030545 |
| activation of cdk-activating kinase is dependent on interaction with h-type cyclins in plants. | cdnas encoding cyclin h homologs were isolated from poplar (populus tremula x tremuloides) and rice (oryza sativa) plants, and were designated pt;cych;1 and os;cych;1, respectively. the deduced amino-acid sequences showed 40-60% similarity to human cyclin h and schizosaccharomyces pombe mcs2, with higher similarity in the cyclin box region. while pt;cych;1 and os;cych;1 were expressed in all tissues examined, the transcripts accumulated abundantly in dividing cells. expression of os;cych;1 was a ... | 2000 | 11029700 |
| tissue-specific and developmental pattern of expression of the rice sps1 gene. | sucrose-phosphate synthase (sps) is one of the key regulatory enzymes in carbon assimilation and partitioning in plants. sps plays a central role in the production of sucrose in photosynthetic cells and in the conversion of starch or fatty acids into sucrose in germinating seeds. to explore the mechanisms that regulate the tissue-specific and developmental distribution of sps, the expression pattern of rice (oryza sativa) sps1 (genbank accession no. u33175) was examined by in situ reverse transc ... | 2000 | 11027714 |
| ethylene induces epidermal cell death at the site of adventitious root emergence in rice. | in deepwater rice (oryza sativa), adventitious root primordia initiate at the nodes as part of normal development. emergence of the roots is dependent on flooding of the plant and is mediated by ethylene action. root growth was preceded by the induced death of epidermal cells of the node external to the tip of the root primordium. cell death proceeded until the epidermis split open. through this crack the root eventually emerged. induced death was confined to nodal epidermal cells covering the t ... | 2000 | 11027711 |
| expression of a gene encoding mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase in rice increases under submerged conditions. | it is known that alcoholic fermentation is important for survival of plants under anaerobic conditions. acetaldehyde, one of the intermediates of alcoholic fermentation, is not only reduced by alcohol dehydrogenase but also can be oxidized by aldehyde dehydrogenase (aldh). to determine whether aldh plays a role in anaerobic metabolism in rice (oryza sativa l. cv nipponbare), we characterized a cdna clone encoding mitochondrial aldh from rice (aldh2a). analysis of sub-cellular localization of ald ... | 2000 | 11027709 |
| changes in lipid peroxidation, the redox system and atpase activities in plasma membranes of rice seedling roots caused by lanthanum chloride. | highly purified plasma membranes were isolated by aqueous two-phase partitioning from rice (oryza sativa) seedling roots. the effects of lanthanum chloride (lacl3) on the activities of lipid peroxidation, the redox system and h+-atpase, ca2+-atpase of plasma membranes were studied. the lipid peroxidation of plasma membranes could be depressed by certain low concentrations of lacl3 and enhanced by high concentrations of lacl3, while the lipid peroxidation was also dependent on the plasma membrane ... | 2000 | 11016404 |
| characterization of rci-1, a chloroplastic rice lipoxygenase whose synthesis is induced by chemical plant resistance activators. | a full-length lipoxygenase cdna (rci-1) has been cloned from rice (oryza sativa) whose corresponding transcripts accumulate in response to treatment of the plants with chemical inducers of acquired resistance such as benzo(1,2,3)thiadiazole-7-carbothioic acid s-methyl ester (bth), 2,6-dichloroisonicotinic acid (ina), and probenazole. in contrast, rci-1 transcript levels did not increase after inoculation with compatible and incompatible races of the rice blast fungus magnaporthe grisea and the n ... | 2000 | 10998053 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of a plant homologue of the origin recognition complex 1 (orc1). | by using the rice est database, we have isolated a 2.8 kb cdna, termed oryza sativa orc1 (osorc1), from rice (o. sativa) encoding a protein that shows homology with the eukaryotic orc1 proteins. alignment of the osorc1 protein sequence with the sequence of orc1 from human and yeasts s. cerevisiae and s. pombe showed a high degree of sequence homology (38.7, 32.9 and 35.0% identity, respectively), particularly around the c-terminal region containing the cdc-ntp domain. interestingly, the osorc1 p ... | 2000 | 10996242 |
| the cell cycle genes cyca1;1 and cdc2os-3 are coordinately regulated by gibberellin in planta. | internodal growth of deepwater rice (oryza sativa l.) can achieve rates of up to 10 mm h(-1). in submergence-induced plants, gibberellic acid activates the cell division cycle first at the g1 --> s phase transition with a subsequent increase in mitotic activity. the proteins cyca1;1 and cdc2os-3 are the regulatory and catalytic subunits, respectively, of cyclin-dependent protein kinases (cdks) which are central to cell cycle regulation. both genes are regulated by gibberellic acid in a coordinat ... | 2000 | 10987556 |
| analysis of opt8511 rapd fragments closely linked with cold sensitivity at seedling stage in rice (oryza sativa l.). | opt8(511) was confirmed to be strongly associated with cold sensitivity of rice by random amplified polymorphic dna (rapd) analysis for the cold tolerance with 94 f2 population crossed with 'dular' (cold sensitive cultivar) and 'toyohatamochi' (cold resistant cultivar). a dna marker from the rapd fragment, opt8(511), has been cloned with genomic dna from rice cultivar ('dular') and the nucleotide sequence has been determined. the nucleotide sequence revealed that the putative open reading frame ... | 2000 | 10987133 |
| photosynthesis and translocation of assimilates in rice plants following phloem feeding by the planthopper nilaparvata lugens (homoptera: delphacidae). | experiments were conducted to measure the effect of feeding by the planthopper nilaparvata lugens (stål) on photosynthesis and the translocation of assimilates in rice plants, oryza sativa l. we used mature japonica rice plants and applied the 13co2 feeding method to evaluate those physiological effects. the photosynthetic rate was suppressed by n. lugens infestation, especially at the lower leaf position, with rates 30% lower than that of control plants at the booting stage. leaf nitrogen conce ... | 2000 | 10985030 |