Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| cell wall invertase in developing rice caryopsis: molecular cloning of oscin1 and analysis of its expression in relation to its role in grain filling. | to establish the significance of cell wall invertase in grain filling of rice (oryza sativa l.), we cloned a cdna for a cell wall invertase from developing grains of rice. the cdna, designated oscin1, contains an open reading frame of 1731 bp encoding a polypeptide of 577 amino acid residues. the deduced amino acid sequence showed typical features of the cell wall invertases, including a beta-fructosidase motif and a cysteine catalytic site, and shared 78.6 and 73.7% identity with maize cell wal ... | 2002 | 11978873 |
| comparison of the structure of the extrinsic 33 kda protein from different organisms. | the psbo gene encoding the extrinsic 33 kda protein of oxygen-evolving photosystem ii (psii) complex was cloned and sequenced from a red alga, cyanidium caldarium. the gene encodes a polypeptide of 333 residues, of which the first 76 residues served as transit peptides for transfer across the chloroplast envelope and thylakoid membrane. the mature protein consists of 257 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 28,290 da. the sequence homology of the mature 33 kda protein was 42.9-50.8% b ... | 2002 | 11978871 |
| expression of oryza sativa map kinase gene is developmentally regulated and stress-responsive. | mitogen-activated protein kinase (mapk) pathways are modules involved in the transduction of extracellular signals to intracellular targets in all eukaryotes. in plants, there is evidence for mapks playing a role in the signalling of abiotic stresses, pathogens, plant hormones, and cell cycle cues. the large number and divergence of plant mapks indicates that this ancient mechanism of signal transduction is extensively used in plants. however, there have been no reports of classical mapk module ... | 2002 | 11975731 |
| pyruvate,orthophosphate dikinase in leaves and chloroplasts of c(3) plants undergoes light-/dark-induced reversible phosphorylation. | pyruvate,orthophosphate (pi) dikinase (ppdk) is best recognized as a chloroplastic c(4) cycle enzyme. as one of the key regulatory foci for controlling flux through this photosynthetic pathway, it is strictly and reversibly regulated by light. this light/dark modulation is mediated by reversible phosphorylation of a conserved threonine residue in the active-site domain by the ppdk regulatory protein (rp), a bifunctional protein kinase/phosphatase. ppdk is also present in c(3) plants, although it ... | 2002 | 11950985 |
| the alpha-amylase induction in endosperm during rice seed germination is caused by gibberellin synthesized in epithelium. | we recently isolated two genes (osga3ox1 and osga3ox2) from rice (oryza sativa) encoding 3beta-hydroxylase, which catalyzes the final step of active gibberellin (ga) biosynthesis (h. itoh, m. ueguchi-tanaka, n. sentoku, h. kitano, m. matsuoka, m. kobayashi [2001] proc natl acad sci usa 98: 8909-8914). using these cloned cdnas, we analyzed the temporal and spatial expression patterns of the 3beta-hydroxylase genes and also an alpha-amylase gene (ramy1a) during rice seed germination to investigate ... | 2002 | 11950975 |
| the rice mutant esp2 greatly accumulates the glutelin precursor and deletes the protein disulfide isomerase. | rice (oryza sativa) accumulates prolamins and glutelins as storage proteins. the latter storage protein is synthesized on the endoplasmic reticulum (er) as a 57-kd proglutelin precursor, which is then processed into acidic and basic subunits in the protein storage vacuole. three esp2 mutants, cm1787, em44, and em747, contain larger amounts of the 57-kd polypeptide and corresponding lower levels of acidic and basic glutelin subunits than normal. electron microscopic observation revealed that esp2 ... | 2002 | 11950970 |
| a dual effect on protein synthesis and degradation modulates the tubulin level in rice cells treated with oryzalin. | the effect of the anti-microtubular drug oryzalin on growth and morphology of cultured rice (oryza sativa l., cv. roncarolo) cells was evaluated with specific reference to mechanisms that control intracellular tubulin levels. the addition of oryzalin caused a great reduction in the level of both alpha- and beta-tubulin polypeptides, as detected by western blot analysis. however, no appreciable decrease was observed in the population of total or isotype-specific alpha- and beta-tubulin mrnas. onl ... | 2002 | 11941459 |
| a draft sequence of the rice genome (oryza sativa l. ssp. japonica). | the genome of the japonica subspecies of rice, an important cereal and model monocot, was sequenced and assembled by whole-genome shotgun sequencing. the assembled sequence covers 93% of the 420-megabase genome. gene predictions on the assembled sequence suggest that the genome contains 32,000 to 50,000 genes. homologs of 98% of the known maize, wheat, and barley proteins are found in rice. synteny and gene homology between rice and the other cereal genomes are extensive, whereas synteny with ar ... | 0 | 11935018 |
| a draft sequence of the rice genome (oryza sativa l. ssp. indica). | we have produced a draft sequence of the rice genome for the most widely cultivated subspecies in china, oryza sativa l. ssp. indica, by whole-genome shotgun sequencing. the genome was 466 megabases in size, with an estimated 46,022 to 55,615 genes. functional coverage in the assembled sequences was 92.0%. about 42.2% of the genome was in exact 20-nucleotide oligomer repeats, and most of the transposons were in the intergenic regions between genes. although 80.6% of predicted arabidopsis thalian ... | 2002 | 11935017 |
| multinuclear magnetic resonance analysis of two humic acid fractions from lowland rice soils. | to determine the effects of intensive cropping of tropical lowland rice (oryza sativa l.) and the associated long-term soil submergence on chemical properties of soil organic matter, we used solid-state 13c and 15n and solution 31p nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) spectroscopy to analyze the labile mobile humic acid (mha) and the more recalcitrant calcium humate (caha) fractions extracted from a series of soils supporting several long-term field experiments in the philippines. the soils varied m ... | 2017 | 11931429 |
| comparative study of the reaction mechanism of family 18 chitinases from plants and microbes. | hydrolytic mechanisms of family 18 chitinases from rice (oryza sativa l.) and bacillus circulans wl-12 were comparatively studied by a combination of hplc analysis of the reaction products and theoretical calculation of reaction time-courses. all of the enzymes tested produced beta-anomers from chitin hexasaccharide [(glcnac)(6)], indicating that they catalyze the hydrolysis through a retaining mechanism. the rice chitinases hydrolyzed predominantly the fourth and fifth glycosidic linkages from ... | 2002 | 11926993 |
| mutations that cause amino acid substitutions at the invariant positions in homeodomain of osh3 knox protein suggest artificial selection during rice domestication. | knox homeodomain (hd) proteins encoded by knotted1-like homeobox genes (knox genes) are considered to work as important regulators for plant developmental and morphogenetic events. we found that osh3, one of the knox genes isolated from a cultivar of oryza sativa (nipponbare), encodes a novel hd, which has two amino acid substitutions at invariant positions. sequence analysis of osh3 from various domesticated and wild species of rice has revealed that these substitutions are distributed only in ... | 2001 | 11922107 |
| arsenic accumulation and metabolism in rice (oryza sativa l.). | the use of arsenic (as) contaminated groundwater for irrigation of crops has resulted in elevated concentrations of arsenic in agricultural soils in bangladesh, west bengal (india), and elsewhere. paddy rice (oryza sativa l.) is the main agricultural crop grown in the arsenic-affected areas of bangladesh. there is, therefore, concern regarding accumulation of arsenic in rice grown those soils. a greenhouse study was conducted to examine the effects of arsenic-contaminated irrigation water on the ... | 2002 | 11918027 |
| a novel dna polymerase homologous to escherichia coli dna polymerase i from a higher plant, rice (oryza sativa l.). | a novel dna polymerase, designated as ospoli-like, has been identified from the higher plant, rice (oryza sativa l. cv. nipponbare). the ospoli-like cdna was 3765 bp in length, and the open reading frame encoded a predicted product of 977 amino acid residues with a molecular weight of 100 kda. the ospoli-like gene has been mapped to chromosome 8 and contains 12 exons and 11 introns. the encoded protein showed a high degree of sequence and structural homology to escherichia coli pol i protein, bu ... | 2002 | 11917019 |
| identification and characterization of two genes encoding the eukaryotic initiation factor 4a in rice. | a cdna encoding eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4a (eif4a) was isolated from a cdna library of rice (oryza sativa l.). based on this dna sequence, a 414-amino acid protein exhibiting 67, 64 and 59% homology to the mouse, schizosaccharomyces pombe and saccharomyces cerevisiae eif4a, respectively, was predicted. the deduced amino acid sequence contains the characteristic motifs shared by the dead box supergene family. another cdna of rice eif4a was reported previously. comparison of the c ... | 2001 | 11913775 |
| effects of the cryopreservation procedures on recovered rice cell populations. | cryogenic storage of plant cells allows the long-term maintenance of valuable genotypes. cryopreservation of calli and cell suspensions is often performed using cryoprotectants and slow cooling rates. rice calli (oryza sativa l.) were cryopreserved by this procedure as well as by direct immersion in liquid nitrogen without cryoprotection. subsequently, the characteristics of the recovered cells as well as the effects of putative cryoselection were investigated by microscopic observations and flo ... | 2015 | 11912503 |
| genetic manipulation and quantitative-trait loci mapping for nitrogen recycling in rice. | immunocytological studies in this laboratory have suggested that nadh-dependent glutamate synthase (nadh-gogat; ec 1.4.1.14) in developing organs of rice (oryza sativa l. cv. sasanishiki) is involved in the utilization of glutamine remobilized from senescing organs through the phloem. because most of the indica cultivars contained less nadh-gogat in their sink organs than japonica cultivars, over-expression of nadh-gogat gene from japonica rice was investigated using kasalath, an indica cultivar ... | 2002 | 11912234 |
| catalytic properties of rice alpha-oxygenase. a comparison with mammalian prostaglandin h synthases. | long-chain fatty acids can be metabolized to c(n)(-1) aldehydes by alpha-oxidation in plants. the reaction mechanism of the enzyme has not been elucidated. in this study, a complete nucleotide sequence of fatty acid alpha-oxygenase gene in rice plants (oryza sativa) was isolated. the deduced amino acid sequence showed some similarity with those of mammalian prostaglandin h synthases (pghss). the gene was expressed in escherichia coli and purified to apparently homogeneous state. it showed the hi ... | 2002 | 11909851 |
| novel genes are enriched in normalized cdna libraries from drought-stressed seedlings of rice (oryza sativa l. subsp. indica cv. nagina 22). | we have utilized an efficient method to enrich cdna libraries for novel genes and genes responsive to drought stress in rice (oryza sativa l. subsp. indica). we separately constructed standard and normalized cdna libraries from leaf tissue of rice seedlings grown under controlled drought stress. sequencing from the 3' end was performed on 1000 clones from the normalized leaf cdna library and 200 clones from the standard leaf cdna library. for the first 200 clones, the clone redundancy in the non ... | 2002 | 11908663 |
| mlo, a modulator of plant defense and cell death, is a novel calmodulin-binding protein. isolation and characterization of a rice mlo homologue. | transient influx of ca(2+) constitutes an early event in the signaling cascades that trigger plant defense responses. however, the downstream components of defense-associated ca(2+) signaling are largely unknown. because ca(2+) signals are mediated by ca(2+)-binding proteins, including calmodulin (cam), identification and characterization of cam-binding proteins elicited by pathogens should provide insights into the mechanism by which ca(2+) regulates defense responses. in this study, we isolate ... | 2002 | 11904292 |
| uptake kinetics of arsenic species in rice plants. | arsenic (as) finds its way into soils used for rice (oryza sativa) cultivation through polluted irrigation water, and through historic contamination with as-based pesticides. as is known to be present as a number of chemical species in such soils, so we wished to investigate how these species were accumulated by rice. as species found in soil solution from a greenhouse experiment where rice was irrigated with arsenate contaminated water were arsenite, arsenate, dimethylarsinic acid, and monometh ... | 2002 | 11891266 |
| gene-containing regions of wheat and the other grass genomes. | deletion line-based high-density physical maps revealed that the wheat (triticum aestivum) genome is partitioned into gene-rich and -poor compartments. available deletion lines have bracketed the gene-containing regions to about 10% of the genome. emerging sequence data suggest that these may further be partitioned into "mini" gene-rich and gene-poor regions. an average of about 10% of each gene-rich region seem to contain genes. sequence analyses in various species suggest that uneven distribut ... | 2002 | 11891237 |
| effect of phenol on protein and amino acid content of xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. | leaf blight disease of rice (oryza sativa) is caused by the bacterium xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. phenol (1 to 4 mm) induced changes in protein profiles of x. o. pv. oryzae and a stress protein with a molecular mass of 69,000 appeared. hplc analysis indicated occurrence of amino acids such as asparagine, alanine, methionine and cystine in phenol treated cells. proton nmr analysis also revealed variation on the presence of amino acids in the cells treated with phenol. | 2001 | 11883515 |
| spatial distribution of the 26s proteasome in meristematic tissues and primordia of rice (oryza sativa l.). | the 26s proteasome is known to play central roles in the growth of many eukaryotes. however, little is known regarding its distribution in higher plants. here, we report the spatial distribution pattern of rpn3 (a regulatory pa700 subunit) and c2 (a subunit of the 20s proteasome) in rice ( oryza sativa l.) seedlings as determined by in situ hybridization. the transcripts were abundantly co-expressed in the apical and marginal meristems of shoots and roots. interestingly, these transcripts also a ... | 2002 | 11882938 |
| progress in breeding low phytate crops. | populations that depend on grains and legumes as staple foods consume diets rich in phytic acid (myo-inositol-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexkisphosphate), the storage form of phosphorus in seeds. this compound binds tightly to important mineral nutrients such as iron and zinc, forming salts that are largely excreted. this phenomenon can contribute to mineral depletion and deficiency. as one approach to solving this and environmental problems associated with seed-derived dietary phytic acid, the u. s. departmen ... | 2002 | 11880580 |
| genetic basis for co-adaptive gene complexes in rice (oryza sativa l.) landraces. | one hundred and twenty-two aflp markers were mapped using an ir64 x azucena rice doubled-haploid (dh) population. the distribution of these mapped markers was monitored across a set of 48 diverse landraces of rice. strong statistical associations were observed between 960 of the 7381 possible pairs of markers across the diverse material. these 960 strongly associated pairs of markers mapped to the same chromosomes in only 111 cases. the remaining 849 pairs were the result of association between ... | 2001 | 11869343 |
| why phenolic acids are unlikely primary allelochemicals in rice. | allelopathy in rice (oryza sativa, l.) effective against weeds has been found in about 3.5% of tested rice germplasm in both laboratory and field experimentation. however, the allelochemicals responsible for growth inhibition of rice-associated weeds have not yet been identified. in the literature, phenolic acids are often mentioned as putative allelochemicals. if phenolic acids commonly reach growth inhibitory concentrations in rice ecosystems, it must be expected that the degree of tolerance t ... | 2002 | 11868676 |
| effects of signaling molecules, protein phosphatase inhibitors and blast pathogen (magnaporthe grisea) on the mrna level of a rice (oryza sativa l.) phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase (osphgpx) gene in seedling leaves. | with a specific focus on rice self-defense response(s), the effects of global signaling molecules, jasmonic acid (ja), salicylic acid (sa), abscisic acid (aba), and ethylene (using the ethylene generator, ethephon), and protein phosphatase (pp) inhibitors, cantharidin and endothall on expression of a rice phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase (osphgpx) gene in rice seedling leaves were investigated. we provide first evidence for a potent up-regulation of the osphgpx mrna accumulation ... | 2002 | 11867229 |
| traditional production, consumption and storage of kunu--a non alcoholic cereal beverage. | a survey of the production, consumption and storage of kunu was carried out. some of the information included consumption rate, processing techniques and equipment, producer's status and grains used. about 73% consume kunu daily, 26% occasionally; 1% know it is produced but may or may not be consuming it. millet (pennisetum typhoideum), sorghum (sorghum vulgare), maize (zea mays), rice (oryza sativa) and acha (digitalis exilis) were used in its production in decreasing order of preference. the g ... | 2002 | 11855622 |
| characterization of plant proliferating cell nuclear antigen (pcna) and flap endonuclease-1 (fen-1), and their distribution in mitotic and meiotic cell cycles. | the biochemical and cell cycle-dependent properties of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (ospcna) and flap endonuclease-1 (osfen-1) were characterized from rice (oryza sativa). ospcna was physically associated with osfen-1 and increased the flap-endonuclease activity of osfen-1 by 2.5-fold. northern and western blotting analysis revealed that ospcna and osfen-1 were present in meristematic tissues such as cultured cells, shoot apical meristem and root apical meristem. no expression was detected ... | 2001 | 11851910 |
| functional regions of rice heat shock protein, oshsp16.9, required for conferring thermotolerance in escherichia coli. | rice (oryza sativa) class i low-molecular mass (lmm) heat shock protein (hsp), oshsp16.9, has been shown to be able to confer thermotolerance in escherichia coli. to define the regions for this intriguing property, deletion mutants of this hsp have been constructed and overexpressed in e. coli xl1-blue cells after isopropyl beta-d-thioglactopyranoside induction. the deletion of amino acid residues 30 through 36 (patsdnd) in the n-terminal domain or 73 through 78 (eegnvl) in the consensus ii doma ... | 2002 | 11842169 |
| relationship between ultraviolet-b sensitivity and cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer photorepair in rice. | among indica rice cultivars (oryza sativa l. cvs.) that belong to the aus ecotype from the tropical bengal region, where the amount of ultraviolet-b (uv-b) radiation in the solar radiation is relatively great, marich-bati cultivar has exhibited resistance to uv-b radiation, while surjamkhi cultivar appeared to be less resistant. we have examined the susceptibility to cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer (cpd) induction by uv-b radiation and the ability to photorepair cpds using these two cultivars. uv-b ... | 2001 | 11840646 |
| [developmental genetic analysis for transparency of rice (oryza sativa l.) at different environments]. | the developmental behavior of gene expression for transparency of rice (tr) was analyzed from two-year experimental data at different filling stages by using both conditional and unconditional analysis methods for quantitative traits of seeds in cereal crops. it was revealed that the gene expression was most active for the performance of tr at the middle and late filling stages (8-21 d after flowering). the differences of expression at different environments for triploid endosperm nuclear genes, ... | 2002 | 11838376 |
| [qtl analysis of sheath blight resistance in rice (oryza sativa l.)]. | in this study, an indica variety zhai ye qing 8 (zyq8) and a japonica variety jing xi 17(jx17) and their double haploid (dh) population were used. sheath blight resistance of the dh population and their parents was investigated using a syringe inoculation method. quantitative trait loci (qtl) analysis was undertaken based on a constructed molecular linkage map of this population in hangzhou and hainandao respectively. a total of four sheath blight resistant qtls (qsbr-2, qsbr-3, qsbr-7 and qsbr- ... | 2002 | 11838375 |
| ectopic expression of osmads3, a rice ortholog of agamous, caused a homeotic transformation of lodicules to stamens in transgenic rice plants. | in order to clarify the evolutionary relationship of floral organs between grasses and dicots, we expressed osmads3, a rice (oryza sativa l.) agamous(ag) ortholog, in rice plants under the control of an actin1 promoter. as a consequence of the ectopic expression of the osmads3, lodicules were homeotically transformed into stamens. in total, the transformation of lodicules to staminoid organs was observed in 18 out of 26 independent transgenic lines. in contrast to the almost complete transformat ... | 2002 | 11828031 |
| [physiological indices for evaluating iron-toxicity tolerance of rice (oryza sativa l.)]. | this paper studied the content malodialdehyde (mda) and the leakage rate of electrolyte in leaves of various rice varieties with different iron-toxicity tolerance and of echinochloa crusgalli under excessive fe2+ (160 mg.l-1) stress. the results showed that both the mda content and the leakage rate of electrolyte in leaves of plants were significantly and negatively correlated with the tolerance of test plants to iron toxicity. it was suggested that both mda content and leakage rate of electroly ... | 2001 | 11813424 |
| diverse variation of reproductive barriers in three intraspecific rice crosses. | reproductive barriers are thought to play an important role in the processes of speciation and differentiation. asian rice cultivars, oryza sativa, can be classified into two main types, japonica and indica, on the basis of several characteristics. the fertility of japonica-indica hybrids differs from one cross to another. many genes involved in reproductive barriers (hybrid sterility, hybrid weakness, and gametophytic competition genes) have been reported in different japonica-indica crosses. t ... | 2002 | 11805066 |
| antioxidant enzymes and dpph-radical scavenging activity in chilled and heat-shocked rice (oryza sativa l.) seedlings radicles. | chilling whole rice seedlings at 5 degrees c significantly increased the time needed to recover linear growth and reduced the subsequent linear rate of radicle growth. subjecting nonchilled seedlings to a 45 degrees c heat shock for up to 20 min did not alter subsequent growth, whereas a 3 min heat shock was optimal in reducing growth inhibition caused by 2 days of chilling. the activity of five antioxidant enzymes [superoxide dismutase (ec 1.15.1.1), catalase (cat; ec 1.11.1.6), ascorbate perox ... | 2002 | 11804522 |
| methane production and oxidation in an anoxic rice soil as influenced by inorganic redox species. | the effects of addition of inorganic redox substances (species of no3-, mn4+, fe3+, and so4(2-)) on methane production and oxidation in anoxic rice (oryza sativa l.) soil samples were examined. sulfate was the most inhibitory for methane production followed by fe3+, no3-, and mn4+, in that order. addition of rice straw at a rate of 1% (w/w) as a carbon source to increase the electron donor to the electron acceptor ratio did not completely alleviate the inhibitory effects of redox species on meth ... | 2016 | 11790032 |
| effect of erythrogen on post-thaw recovery of cryopreserved cell suspensions of indica rice (oryza sativa l.). | this study shows that adding haemoglobin solution (erythrogen) to post-thaw medium of indica rice (oryza sativa l.) cells enhances survival following cryopreservation. haemoglobin (1:50 - 1:200 v:v) had a beneficial effect on post-thaw viability and subsequent cell growth. a key finding was that the successful recovery from cryopreservation of cell suspensions of the indica rice cvs. br26 and pajam, and their re-establishment in aa2 medium, reflected a requirement for such supplementation of the ... | 2015 | 11788878 |
| pregrowth-desiccation: a simple and efficient procedure for the cryopreservation of rice (oryza sativa l.) embryogenic suspension cells. | rice embryogenic suspension cells were successfully cryopreserved by a pregrowth-desiccation procedure. cells were precultured in liquid aa medium containing 0.175 mol/l sucrose for 3 d and then in liquid aa medium containing 0.4 mol/l sorbitol for 1 d. after air-drying for about 20 h to a water content of 10%, the cells were placed into cryotubes and quenched into liquid nitrogen. using this pregrowth-desiccation procedure, a survival rate of 96+/-6% (ttc reduction assay) or 100% (cell clump re ... | 2015 | 11788862 |
| the dual effect of antifreeze protein on cryopreservation of rice (oryza sativa l.) embryogenic suspension cells. | the effects of fish antifreeze protein afp-i on cryopreservation of rice suspension cells by three different protocols were investigated. during the two-step method, afp-i at 0.01 mg/ml significantly lowered the viability of both precultured and non-precultured cells. during the vitrification method, afp-i at 0.2 mg/ml improved the viability of suboptimally thawed cells; however, much higher doses of this protein (10mg/ml) attenuated the cell viability. during rapid freezing of rice cells in the ... | 2015 | 11788857 |
| rice (oryza sativa) contains a novel isoform of glutamate decarboxylase that lacks an authentic calmodulin-binding domain at the c-terminus. | we have isolated full-length cdnas for two distinct isoforms of glutamate decarboxylase (gad), designated osgad1 and osgad2 from a rice shoot cdna library. open reading frames found in osgad1 and osgad2 cdnas encode putative proteins of 501 (56.7 kda) and 500 amino acids (55.6 kda), respectively. they show 69% identity to each other and 67-78% identity to dicotyledonous counterpart sequences determined so far. comparative analysis of relevant genomic clones obtained from the rice genomic library ... | 2001 | 11779628 |
| nonsymbiotic hemoglobins in rice are synthesized during germination and in differentiating cell types. | nonsymbiotic hemoglobins (ns-hbs) previously have been found in monocots and dicots; however, very little is known about the tissue and cell type localization as well as the physiological function(s) of these oxygen-binding proteins. we report the immunodetection and immunolocalization of ns-hbs in rice (oryza sativa l.) by western blotting and in situ confocal laser scanning techniques. ns-hbs were detected in soluble extracts of different tissues from the developing rice seedling by immunoblot ... | 2001 | 11770429 |
| [genetic effect of panicle traits of intersubspecific crosses of rice (oryza sativa.) and its interaction with environment]. | the models of genetic effects and genotype x environment interaction for additive-dominant-additive x additive epistasis were used to analyze the panicle traits of intersubspecific crosses of rice (oryza sativa.) in different environments. it was found that significant additive, dominant and additive x additive epistatic effects and genotype x environment (ge) interaction were observed in main panicle length, spikelet density, primary branches, total lengths of primary and secondary branches, bu ... | 2000 | 11766595 |
| analysis of genes expressed during rice-magnaporthe grisea interactions. | expressed sequence tag (est) analysis was applied to identify rice genes involved in defense responses against infection by the blast fungus magnaporthe grisea and fungal genes involved in growth within the host during a compatible interaction. a total of 511 clones was sequenced from a cdna library constructed from rice leaves (oryza sativa cv. nipponbare) infected with m. grisea strain 70-15 to generate 296 nonredundant ests. the sequences of 293 clones (57.3%) significantly matched national c ... | 2001 | 11763134 |
| iodate and iodide effects on iodine uptake and partitioning in rice (oryza sativa l.) grown in solution culture. | in the xinjiang province of western china, conventional methods of iodine (i) supplementation (i.e, goiter pills and iodinated salt) used to mitigate i deficiencies were ineffectual. however, the recent addition of kio3 to irrigation waters has proven effective. this study was conducted to determine the effects of i form and concentration on rice (oryza sativa l.) growth, i partitioning within the plant, and ultimately to assist in establishing guidelines for incorporating i into the human food ... | 1999 | 11762382 |
| osiaa1, an aux/iaa cdna from rice, and changes in its expression as influenced by auxin and light. | the aux/iaa class of genes are rapidly induced by exogenous auxins and have been characterized extensively from many dicot species like arabidopsis, glycine max and pisum sativum. we report here the isolation and characterization of rice (oryza sativa l. subsp. indica) osiaa1 cdna as a monocot member of the aux/iaa gene family. the predicted amino acid sequence of osiaa1 corresponds to a protein of ca. 26 kda, which harbors all four characteristic domains known to be conserved in aux/iaa protein ... | 2001 | 11759839 |
| effects of phenotyping environment on identification of quantitative trait loci for rice root morphology under anaerobic conditions. | in the rainfed lowlands, rice (oryza sativa l.) develops roots under anaerobic soil conditions with ponded water, prior to exposure to aerobic soil conditions and water stress. constitutive root system development in anaerobic soil conditions has been reported to have a positive effect on subsequent expression of adaptive root traits and water extraction during water stress. we examined effects of phenotyping environment on identification of quantitative trait loci (qtls) for constitutive root m ... | 2002 | 11756283 |
| a quinolone alkaloid with antioxidant activity from the aleurone layer of anthocyanin-pigmented rice. | the aleurone layer of oryza sativa cv. heugjinmi yielded a new quinolone alkaloid, 4-carbomethoxy-6-hydroxy-2-quinolone (1), showing moderate antioxidative activity in a 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free-radical scavenging assay. physical and spectroscopic evidence has determined the structure of the compound. | 2001 | 11754619 |
| role of root hairs and lateral roots in silicon uptake by rice. | the rice plant (oryza sativa l. cv oochikara) is known to be a si accumulator, but the mechanism responsible for the high uptake of si by the roots is not well understood. we investigated the role of root hairs and lateral roots in the si uptake using two mutants of rice, one defective in the formation of root hairs (rh2) and another in that of lateral roots (rm109). uptake experiments with nutrient solution during both a short term (up to 12 h) and relatively long term (26 d) showed that there ... | 2001 | 11743120 |
| identification, purification, and characterization of a thermally stable lipase from rice bran. a new member of the (phospho) lipase family. | a thermally stable lipase (ec 3.1.1.3.) was first identified in rice (oryza sativa) bran, and the enzyme was purified to homogeneity using octyl-sepharose chromatography. the enzyme was purified to 7.6-fold with the final specific activity of 0.38 micromol min(-1) mg(-1) at 80 degrees c using [9,10-(3)h]triolein as a substrate. the purified enzyme was found to be a glycoprotein of 9.4 kd. enzyme showed a maximum activity at 80 degrees c and at ph 11.0. the protein was biologically active and ret ... | 2001 | 11743116 |
| toward a cytological characterization of the rice genome. | rice (oryza sativa l.) will be the first major crop, as well as the first monocot plant species, to be completely sequenced. integration of dna sequence-based maps with cytological maps will be essential to fully characterize the rice genome. we have isolated a set of 24 chromosomal arm-specific bacterial artificial chromosomes to facilitate rice chromosome identification. a standardized rice karyotype was constructed using meiotic pachytene chromosomes of o. sativa spp. japonica rice var. nippo ... | 2001 | 11731505 |
| characterization of a ca2+-dependent protein kinase from rice root: differential response to cold and regulation by abscisic acid. | the ca2+-dependent protein kinases (cdpks) and abscisic acid (aba) are known to be involved in low-temperature stress response. the focus of this study was to characterize the 45 kda protein kinase identified in the crude extract of rice (oryza sativa l.) seedling roots in response to cold (5 degrees c) stress. the activity of the 45 kda protein kinase decreased at low temperature as evident by an in-gel kinase assay using histone iii-s as a substrate. also, the ca2+-dependent activity of this p ... | 2001 | 11725971 |
| micron, a microsatellite-targeting transposable element in the rice genome. | we have isolated a new family of mobile elements, micron, which occur within microsatellites dispersed throughout the rice (oryza sativa) genome. the first of these segments, micron 001, was found in a microsatellite consisting of a (ta)n sequence upstream of the rice phytochrome a (phya) gene. pcr analysis of related rice species suggests that micron 001 integrated into this microsatellite locus prior to the divergence of the two wild species o. rufipogon and o. barthii from a common ancestor. ... | 2001 | 11713677 |
| potential of (gata)n microsatellites from rice for inter- and intra-specific variability studies. | the microsatellite, (gata)n has been frequently used for dna fingerprinting. however, very few attempts have been made to analyze (gata)n-containing loci in rice. | 2001 | 11710957 |
| haemoglobin (erythrogen) enhanced microcallus formation from protoplasts of indica rice (oryza sativa l.). | the beneficial effects have been studied of supplementing culture medium with 1:100-1:500 (v:v) of a commercial haemoglobin solution (erythrogen) on the mitotic division of cell suspension-derived protoplasts of indica rices (oryza sativa l.). protoplasts were cultured in liquid medium, at densities of 1.5 x 10(6) or 2.5 x 10(6) ml(-1), on nitrocellulose membranes overlaying a semi-solidified medium layer that was supplemented with both erythrogen and nurse cells of lolium multiflorum. the mean ... | 2001 | 11708663 |
| native and artificial reticuloplasmins co-accumulate in distinct domains of the endoplasmic reticulum and in post-endoplasmic reticulum compartments. | we compared the subcellular distribution of native and artificial reticuloplasmins in endosperm, callus, and leaf tissues of transgenic rice (oryza sativa) to determine the distribution of these proteins among endoplasmic reticulum (er) and post-er compartments. the native reticuloplasmin was calreticulin. the artificial reticuloplasmin was a recombinant single-chain antibody (scfv), expressed with an n-terminal signal peptide and the c-terminal kdel sequence for retrieval to the er (scfvt84.66- ... | 2001 | 11706200 |
| significant accumulation of c(4)-specific pyruvate, orthophosphate dikinase in a c(3) plant, rice. | the c(4)-pdk gene encoding the c(4) enzyme pyruvate, orthophosphate dikinase (ppdk) of maize (zea mays cv golden cross bantam) was introduced into the c(3) plant, rice (oryza sativa cv kitaake). when the intact maize c(4)-pdk gene, containing its own promoter and terminator sequences and exon/intron structure, was introduced, the ppdk activity in the leaves of some transgenic lines was greatly increased, in one line reaching 40-fold over that of wild-type plants. in a homozygous line, the ppdk p ... | 2001 | 11706193 |
| diversity of arabidopsis genes encoding precursors for phytosulfokine, a peptide growth factor. | phytosulfokine-alpha (psk-alpha), a unique plant peptide growth factor, was originally isolated from conditioned medium of asparagus (asparagus officinalis) mesophyll cell cultures. psk-alpha has several biological activities including promoting plant cell proliferation. four genes that encode precursors of psk-alpha have been identified from arabidopsis. analysis of cdnas for two of these, atpsk2 and atpsk3, shows that both of these genes consist of two exons and one intron. the predicted precu ... | 2001 | 11706167 |
| seasonal changes of chlorophyll content in field-grown rice crops and their relationships with growth. | field experiments were conducted on the experimental farm of the taiwan agricultural research institute (tari) to examine seasonal changes in the amounts of chlorophylls in leaves and whole plants of rice (oryza sativa l. cv. tainung 67) grown in the first and the second crop seasons in 1998. chlorophyll (chl) differences between two crops and their relationships with growth were also investigated. the differences in climate conditions between the two crop seasons were quite phenomenal and led t ... | 2001 | 11699571 |
| isolation and characterization of two genes encoding ubiquitin fused to a ribosomal protein of 53 amino acids in rice. | we isolated and determined the nucleotide sequences of two genes encoding ubiquitin fused to a ribosomal protein, ub-cep52, from rice (oryza sativa l.). the deduced amino-acid sequences of the two genes were found to be completely identical. the n-terminal region of 76 residues corresponds to ubiquitin, and the c-terminal region of 53 residues corresponds to ribosomal protein l40. a putative tata-like sequence, a polypyrimidine sequence, and a similar sequence to telo-box were found in the promo ... | 2001 | 11697144 |
| antisense inhibition of a bri1 receptor reveals additional protein kinase signaling components downstream to the perception of brassinosteroids in rice. | plants express a variety of proteins at the cell surface responsible for the transduction of regulatory information into the cell via receptors. in the present study, an attempt has been made to identify the components of the brassinosteroids (brs) signaling transduction cascades in transgenic rice (oryza sativa) expressing the antisense strand of osbri1 transcript. a 60 kda protein, immunologically characterized as mitogen-activated protein kinase (mapk), showed reduced phosphorylation activity ... | 2001 | 11696369 |
| endophytic colonization and in planta nitrogen fixation by a herbaspirillum sp. isolated from wild rice species. | nitrogen-fixing bacteria were isolated from the stems of wild and cultivated rice on a modified rennie medium. based on 16s ribosomal dna (rdna) sequences, the diazotrophic isolates were phylogenetically close to four genera: herbaspirillum, ideonella, enterobacter, and azospirillum. phenotypic properties and signature sequences of 16s rdna indicated that three isolates (b65, b501, and b512) belong to the herbaspirillum genus. to examine whether herbaspirillum sp. strain b501 isolated from wild ... | 2001 | 11679357 |
| antisense expression of a rice sucrose transporter ossut1 in rice (oryza sativa l.). | we analyzed the function of a rice sucrose transporter, ossut1, by using antisense rice. there was no difference between antisense and wild-type plants in carbohydrate content and photosynthetic ability of the flag leaves in the vegetative growth stage, suggesting that ossut1 may not play an important role in carbon metabolism, at least in these materials. | 2001 | 11673635 |
| activities of starch hydrolytic enzymes and sucrose-phosphate synthase in the stems of rice subjected to water stress during grain filling. | to understand the effect of water stress on the remobilization of prestored carbon reserves, the changes in the activities of starch hydrolytic enzymes and sucrose-phosphate synthase (sps) in the stems of rice (oryza sativa l.) during grain filling were investigated. two rice cultivars, showing high lodging-resistance and slow remobilization, were grown in the field and subjected to well-watered (ww, psi(soil)=0) and water-stressed (ws, psi(soil)=-0.05 mpa) treatments 9 d after anthesis (daa) ti ... | 2001 | 11604456 |
| identification of a hepatic factor capable of supporting hepatitis c virus replication in a nonpermissive cell line. | although hepatitis c virus e2 protein can bind to human cells by interacting with a putative viral receptor, cd81, the interaction alone is not sufficient to establish permissiveness for hepatitis c virus infection. using an epstein-barr virus-based extrachromosomal replication system, we have screened through a human liver cdna library and successfully identified a cdna capable of supporting hepatitis c virus replication in an otherwise nonpermissive cell line. this cdna encodes a protein exhib ... | 2001 | 11602742 |
| expression of beta-expansins is correlated with internodal elongation in deepwater rice. | fourteen putative rice (oryza sativa) beta-expansin genes, os-expb1 through os-expb14, were identified in the expressed sequence tag and genomic databases. the dna and deduced amino acid sequences are highly conserved in all 14 beta-expansins. they have a series of conserved c (cysteine) residues in the n-terminal half of the protein, an hfd (histidine-phenylalanine-aspartate) motif in the central region, and a series of w (tryptophan) residues near the carboxyl terminus. five beta-expansin gene ... | 2001 | 11598238 |
| biochemical and genetic analysis of the effects of amylose-extender mutation in rice endosperm. | biochemical analysis of amylose-extender (ae) mutant of rice (oryza sativa) revealed that the mutation in the gene for starch-branching enzyme iib (beiib) specifically altered the structure of amylopectin in the endosperm by reducing short chains with degree of polymerization of 17 or less, with the greatest decrease in chains with degree of polymerization of 8 to 12. the extent of such change was correlated with the gelatinization properties of the starch granules, as determined in terms of sol ... | 2001 | 11598221 |
| brassinosteroid signaling in plants. | in animals and humans, steroid hormones (shs) regulate gene transcription via the binding of nuclear receptors. in addition, rapid nongenomic effects of steroids occur and appear to be mediated by plasma-membrane receptors. plants also use steroids as signaling molecules. these brassinosteroids (brs) show structural similarity to the shs of vertebrates and insects. plant mutants defective in brassinosteroid biosynthesis or perception exhibit dwarfism and reduced fertility, and reveal the need fo ... | 2001 | 11595541 |
| visualization of the terminal structure of rice chromosomes 6 and 12 with multicolor fish to chromosomes and extended dna fibers. | high-resolution fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish) on interphase and pachytene nuclei, and extended dna fibers enabled microscopic distinction of dna sequences less than a few thousands of base pairs apart. we applied this technique to reveal the molecular organization of telomere ends in japonica rice (oryza sativa ssp. japonica), which consist of the arabidopsis type tttaggg heptameric repeats and the rice specific subtelomeric tandem repeat sequence a (trsa). southern hybridizations of ... | 2001 | 11587512 |
| the purple leaf (pl) locus of rice: the pl(w) allele has a complex organization and includes two genes encoding basic helix-loop-helix proteins involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis. | the purple leaf (pl) locus of rice (oryza sativa l.) affects regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis in various plant tissues. the tissue-specific patterns of anthocyanin pigmentation, together with the syntenic relationship, indicate that the rice pl locus may play a role in the anthocyanin pathway similar to the maize r/b loci. we isolated two cdnas showing significant identity to the basic helix-loop-helix (bhlh) proteins found in the maize r gene family. osb1 appeared to be allelic to the pre ... | 2001 | 11577193 |
| marker-assisted selection for identification of plant regeneration ability of seed-derived calli in rice (oryza sativa l.). | quantitative trait loci (qtl), associated with the ability of plant regeneration from seed-derived callus of rice, were mapped using a recombinant inbred (ri) population from milyang 23/gihobyeo. each flanking marker, rz474 and rz575, tightly linked to two qtls (qsgr-3-1 and qsgr-3-2) that are located on chromosome 3 was used in marker-assisted selection (mas). these markers were tested on ir 36/mg ri036 (f3), milyang 23/mg ri036 (f3), and forty-one rice cultivars. a restriction fragment length ... | 2001 | 11561716 |
| beta-d-glycan synthases and the cesa gene family: lessons to be learned from the mixed-linkage (1-->3),(1-->4)beta-d-glucan synthase. | cellulose synthase genes (cesas) encode a broad range of processive glycosyltransferases that synthesize (1-->4)beta-d-glycosyl units. the proteins predicted to be encoded by these genes contain up to eight membrane-spanning domains and four 'u-motifs' with conserved aspartate residues and a qxxrw motif that are essential for substrate binding and catalysis. in higher plants, the domain structure includes two plant-specific regions, one that is relatively conserved and a second, so-called 'hyper ... | 2001 | 11554469 |
| [qtl dissection of panicle number per plant and spikelet number per panicle in rice (oryza sativa l.)]. | the genetic mechanism underlying panicle number per plant (pn), spikelet number per panicle (snp) and its related traits in rice was analysed using 292 f13 rils from the cross of lemont/teqing and a complete linkage map with 272 molecular markers. the rils showed tremendous transgressive segregation for all traits studied. the weak negative correlation between pn and snp was observed. fifty-one qtls and 45 epistatic qtl pairs affecting these traits were identified, collectively explaining over 6 ... | 2001 | 11554350 |
| [qtl analysis of anther length and ratio of stigma exsertion, two key traits of classification for cultivated rice (oryza sativa l.) and common wild rice (o. rufipogon griff.)]. | a genetic map including 120 rflp markers covering 1418.2 cm has been constructed using a bc1 population derived from a cross between common wild rice (oryza rufipogon griff.) from dongxiang, jiangxi province, china, and an elite indica variety guichao 2. the linkage orders and genetic distances of markers in this map are consistent with the map constructed by rice genome program of japan except the markers of short arm of chromosome 1. the qtls analysis of anther length and ratio of stigma exser ... | 2001 | 11554349 |
| [the comparison of genetic divergences and its relationships to heterosis revealed by ssr and rflp markers in rice (oryza sativa l.)]. | genetic divergences of 57 entries from 6 ecotypes of rice were surveyed by pcr analysis with 48 pairs of ssr and by southern analysis by 50 rflp probes. it was indicated that ssr markers detected polymorphism efficiently in comparison to rflp markers, considering the allele numbers per locus and average gene diversity. among all of 1,596 pairs, 1,452 pairs of genetic distances based on ssr data (gdssr) were higher than the genetic distance based on rflp data (gdrflp) by average of 0.2492. the av ... | 2001 | 11554348 |
| hormonal changes in the grains of rice subjected to water stress during grain filling. | lodging-resistant rice (oryza sativa) cultivars usually show slow grain filling when nitrogen is applied in large amounts. this study investigated the possibility that a hormonal change may mediate the effect of water deficit that enhances whole plant senescence and speeds up grain filling. two rice cultivars showing high lodging resistance and slow grain filling were field grown and applied with either normal or high amount nitrogen (hn) at heading. well-watered and water-stressed (ws) treatmen ... | 2001 | 11553759 |
| nuclear- and chloroplast-microsatellite variation in a-genome species of rice. | simple sequence length polymorphism analysis was carried out to reveal microsatellite variation and to clarify the phylogenetic relationships among a-genome species of rice. total dna from 29 cultivars (23 oryza sativa and 6 o. glaberrima) and 30 accessions of wild a-genome species (12 o. rufipogon, 5 o. glumaepatula, 2 o. longistaminata, 6 o. meridionalis, and 5 o. barthii) was used as a template for pcr to detect 24 nuclear and 10 chloroplast microsatellite loci. microsatellite allelic diversi ... | 2001 | 11550902 |
| high-resolution two-dimensional electrophoresis separation of proteins from metal-stressed rice (oryza sativa l.) leaves: drastic reductions/fragmentation of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase and induction of stress-related proteins. | employing high-resolution two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-de), we studied changes in the rice leaf protein patterns, in response to applied heavy and alkaline metals, important environmental pollutants in our surroundings. drastic changes in 2-de protein patterns after treatment with copper, cadmium, and mercury, over control were found, including changes in the morphology of the leaf segments. changes in the major leaf photosynthetic protein, ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase ( ... | 2001 | 11545414 |
| growth regulation mechanisms in higher plants under microgravity conditions - changes in cell wall metabolism. | during space shuttle sts-95 mission, we cultivated seedlings of rice (oryza sativa l. cv. koshihikari and cv. tan-ginbozu) and arabidopsis (arabidopsis thaliana l. cv. columbia and cv. etr1-1) for 68.5, 91.5, and 136 hr on board, and then analyzed changes in the nature of their cell walls, growth, and morphogenesis under microgravity conditions. in space, elongation growth of both rice coleoptiles and arabidopsis hypocotyls was stimulated. also, the increase in the cell wall extensibility, espec ... | 2000 | 11543424 |
| transfer from long to short photoperiods affects production efficiency of day-neutral rice. | the day-neutral, semidwarf rice (oryza sativa l.) cultivar ai-nan-tsao was grown in a greenhouse under summer conditions using high-pressure sodium lamps to extend the natural photoperiod. after allowing 2 weeks for germination, stand establishment, and thinning to a consistent planting density of 212 plants/m2, stands were maintained under continuous lighting for 35 or 49 days before shifting to 8- or 12-h photoperiods until harvest 76 days after planting. non-shifted control treatments consist ... | 1999 | 11542385 |
| effects of submergence on development and gravitropism in the coleoptile of oryza sativa l. | caryopses of rice (oryza sativa l. cv. sasanishiki) were germinated in air or under water. in submerged seedlings a twofold increase in coleoptile growth rate and an inhibition of root growth was observed. the amount of starch in the amyloplasts of submerged coleoptiles was substantially reduced compared to the air-grown control plants and plastids had a proplastidic character. during the rapid elongation of coleoptiles under water, the osmotic concentration of the press sap remained constant, w ... | 1991 | 11541649 |
| rates of ethylene release, photosynthesis and transpiration of rice measured in closed-type chamber. | to obtain the basic data of gas exchange of rice (oryza sativa l. cv. nipponbare), rates of ethylene release, photosynthesis and transpiration of the rice plant were measured by using a closed-type chamber. each rate increased until the heading stage and thereafter decreased. ethylene release rate (e) gradually increased with day after seeding and rates of photosynthesis (p) and transpiration (t) did exponentially. at the heading stage, e, p and t were maximum and had values of about 2.0 mmol pl ... | 1996 | 11541585 |
| phototropism of rice (oryza sativa l.) coleoptiles: fluence-response relationships, kinetics and photogravitropic equilibrium. | phototropism of rice (oryza sativa l.) coleoptiles induced by unilateral blue light was characterized using red-light-grown seedlings. phototropic fluence-response relationships, investigated mainly with submerged coleoptiles, revealed three response types previously identified in oat and maize coleoptiles: two pulse-induced positive phototropisms and a phototropism that depended on stimulation time. the effective ranges of fluences and fluence rates were comparable to those reported for maize. ... | 1997 | 11541281 |
| the effect of the external medium on the gravitropic curvature of rice (oryza sativa, poaceae) roots. | the roots of rice seedlings, growing in artificial pond water, exhibit robust gravitropic curvature when placed perpendicular to the vector of gravity. to determine whether the statolith theory (in which intracellular sedimenting particles are responsible for gravity sensing) or the gravitational pressure theory (in which the entire protoplast acts as the gravity sensor) best accounts for gravity sensing in rice roots, we changed the physical properties of the external medium with impermeant sol ... | 1997 | 11541059 |
| suppression of gravitropic response of primary roots by submergence. | primary roots of six plant species were placed horizontally either in humid air or under water, and their growth and gravitropic responses were examined. in air, all the roots showed a normal gravitropic curvature. under water without aeration, roots of rice (oryza sativa l.), oat (avena sativa l.), azuki bean (vigna angularis ohwi et ohashi), and cress (lepidium sativum l.) curved downward at almost same rate as in air, whereas the curvature of roots of maize (zea mays l.) and pea (pisum sativu ... | 1996 | 11540722 |
| photoperiod shift effects on yield characteristics of rice. | edible yield must be maximized for each crop species selected for inclusion in the controlled ecological life-support system (celss) proposed by nasa to support long-term manned space missions. in a greenhouse study aimed at increasing biomass partitioning to rice (oryza sativa l.) grain, plants of the high yielding semi-dwarf rice cultivar ai-nan-tsao were started in pots under 8-h photoperiods at a density of 212 plants m-2. after different periods of time under 8-h photoperiods, pots were swi ... | 2016 | 11540306 |
| lazy gene (la) responsible for both an agravitropism of seedlings and lazy habit of tiller growth in rice (oryza sativa l.). | using an isogenic line of rice having lazy gene (la), we studied the correlation between the agravitropic response at the young seedling stage and the lazy habit (prostrate growth of tillers) at the more advanced stage of growth. in this study, it was found that both agravitropism and lazy habit were controlled by the single recessive la gene. that is, f2 segregants of kamenoo x lazy-kamenoo, which had an agravitropic response at their young seedling stage, showed a lazy habit of growth in the m ... | 1996 | 11539861 |
| biological changes observed on rice and biological and genetic changes observed on tobacco [correction of tabacco] after space flight in the orbital station salyut-7 (biobloc iii experiment). | caryopses and isolated embryos from rice (oryza sativa l.) and tobacco seeds (nicotiana tabacum l. variety xanthi) were studied in the biobloc iii container aboard the soviet orbital space station salyut 7. the recovery from radiation damage under conditions of space flight was observed for rice caryopsis and embryos gamma irradiated (co 60, 50 grays) prior to launch. there was a large decrease in the percentage of germinating seeds from the tobacco strain tested when the seeds were exposed to h ... | 1984 | 11539650 |
| function of silica bodies in the epidermal system of rice (oryza sativa l.): testing the window hypothesis. | silicon has been considered to be important for normal growth and development of the rice plant (oryza sativa l.). to investigate the physiological function of deposited silica in rice leaves, the hypothesis that silica bodies in the leaf epidermal system might act as a 'window' to facilitate the transmission of light to photosynthetic mesophyll tissue was tested. the silica content of leaves increased with supplied silicon and was closely correlated with the number of silica bodies per unit lea ... | 1996 | 11539362 |
| green and non-green callus induction from excised rice (oryza sativa) embryos: effects of exogenous plant growth regulators. | calli were induced either from excised rice embryos or from whole seeds in the presence of 1 to 5 mg l-1 naa. after 12 days of culture, calli were induced only from excised rice embryos. we found that excised embryos accumulated naa up to 6 times higher concentration than did whole seeds. in the presence of 1 to 5 mg l-1 naa and 2 to 10 mg l-1 kinetin, chlorophyllous calli were induced from excised rice embryos. chlorophyll contents in the callus tissue increased with increasing kinetin concentr ... | 1992 | 11537753 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of a novel jasmonate inducible pathogenesis-related class 10 protein gene, jiospr10, from rice (oryza sativa l.) seedling leaves. | a novel rice (oryza sativa l.) gene, homologous to a sorghum pathogenesis-related class 10 protein gene, was cloned from a cdna library prepared from 2-week-old jasmonic acid-treated rice seedling leaves, and named as jiospr10 (jasmonate inducible). jiospr10 encoded a 160-amino-acid polypeptide with a predicted molecular mass of 17,173.23 da and a pi of 5.84. jiospr10 was highly similar (77%) to the sorghum pr10 protein, but showed less than 55% similarity with other identified pr10s at the amin ... | 2001 | 11527396 |
| hydraulic conductivity of rice roots. | a pressure chamber and a root pressure probe technique have been used to measure hydraulic conductivities of rice roots (root lp(r) per m(2) of root surface area). young plants of two rice (oryza sativa l.) varieties (an upland variety, cv. azucena and a lowland variety, cv. ir64) were grown for 31-40 d in 12 h days with 500 micromol m(-2) s(-1) par and day/night temperatures of 27 degrees c and 22 degrees c. root lp(r) was measured under conditions of steady-state and transient water flow. diff ... | 2001 | 11520872 |
| are contents of rubisco, soluble protein and nitrogen in flag leaves of rice controlled by the same genetics? | genetic relations among the contents of rubisco, soluble protein and total leaf nitrogen (n) in leaves of rice (oryza sativa l.) were studied by quantitative trait loci (qtl) analysis with a population of backcross inbred lines (bils) of japonica nipponbarexindica kasalath. the ratio of rubisco to total leaf n in leaves is the main target in improving photosynthetic n-use efficiency in plants. qtls controlling rubisco content were not detected near qtls for total leaf n content. these results in ... | 2001 | 11520871 |
| glucocorticoid-inducible gene expression in rice. | we have studied the use of a glucocorticoid receptor-based inducible gene expression system in the monocotyledonous model plant rice (oryza sativa l.). this system, originally developed by t. aoyama and n.-h. chua [(1997) plant j 11: 605-612], is based on the chimaeric transcriptional activator gvg, consisting of the yeast gal4 dna-binding domain, the vp16 activation domain and the glucocorticoid receptor domain. for application in rice, we designed an optimized binary vector series (pindex) and ... | 2001 | 11506359 |
| characterization of rice anthranilate synthase alpha-subunit genes oasa1 and oasa2. tryptophan accumulation in transgenic rice expressing a feedback-insensitive mutant of oasa1. | anthranilate synthase (as) is a key enzyme in the synthesis of tryptophan (trp), indole-3-acetic acid, and indole alkaloids. two genes, oasa1 and oasa2, encoding as alpha-subunits were isolated from a monocotyledonous plant, rice (oryza sativa cv nipponbare), and were characterized. a phylogenetic tree of as alpha-subunits from various species revealed a close evolutionary relationship among oasa1 and arabidopsis asa2, ruta graveolens as alpha 2, and tobacco asa2, whereas oasa2, arabidopsis asa1 ... | 2001 | 11500548 |
| two types of hkt transporters with different properties of na+ and k+ transport in oryza sativa. | it is thought that na+ and k+ homeostasis is crucial for salt-tolerance in plants. to better understand the na+ and k+ homeostasis in important crop rice (oryza sativa l.), a cdna homologous to the wheat hkt1 encoding k+-na+ symporter was isolated from japonica rice, cv nipponbare (ni-oshkt1). we also isolated two cdnas homologous to ni-oshkt1 from salt-tolerant indica rice, cv pokkali (po-oshkt1, po-oshkt2). the predicted amino acid sequence of ni-oshkt1 shares 100% identity with po-oshkt1 and ... | 2001 | 11489190 |
| computational and experimental analysis of microsatellites in rice (oryza sativa l.): frequency, length variation, transposon associations, and genetic marker potential. | a total of 57.8 mb of publicly available rice (oryza sativa l.) dna sequence was searched to determine the frequency and distribution of different simple sequence repeats (ssrs) in the genome. ssr loci were categorized into two groups based on the length of the repeat motif. class i, or hypervariable markers, consisted of ssrs > or =20 bp, and class ii, or potentially variable markers, consisted of ssrs > or =12 bp <20 bp. the occurrence of class i ssrs in end-sequences of ecori- and hindiii-dig ... | 2001 | 11483586 |
| grain sink strength may be related to the poor grain filling of indica-japonica rice (oryza sativa) hybrids. | the physiological and biochemical factors contributing to poor grain filling of indica-japonica rice (oryza sativa l.) hybrids were studied by analyzing the role of grain sink strength in dry matter accumulation of grains of two types of rice cultivars, yayou 2 (an indica-japonica hybrid) and yanjing 2 (a japonica cultivar). carbon dioxide enrichment and plant hormone application were imposed at anthesis and the number of endosperm cells, dry matter accumulation and the activities of some sugar- ... | 2001 | 11473706 |