Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| changes in the content of two glutamate synthase proteins in spikelets of rice (oryza sativa) plants during ripening. | nitrogen accumulation in the apical spikelets on the primary branches of the main stem of rice plants have been studied during the ripening process (0-35 d after flowering). the level of nadh-dependent glutamate synthase (gogat) protein and activity increased 4- and 6-fold, respectively, in the first 15 d after flowering. maximum levels of nadh-gogat were found at that time when the spikelets had just begun to increase in dry weight and to accumulate storage proteins. subsequently, both the leve ... | 1993 | 12231780 |
| constitutive and inducible aerobic and anaerobic stress proteins in the echinochloa complex and rice. | anaerobic stress resulted in a change in the protein accumulation patterns in shoots of several echinochloa (barnyard grass) species and oryza sativa (l.) (rice) as resolved by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. of the six echinochloa species investigated, e. phyllopogon (stev.) koss, e. muricata (beauv.) fern, e. oryzoides (ard.) fritsch clayton, and e. crus-galli (l.) beauv. are tolerant of anaerobiosis and germinate in the absence of oxygen, as does rice. in contrast, e. crus-pavonis (h.b.k ... | 1993 | 12231678 |
| morphometric analysis of rice seed protein bodies (implication for a significant contribution of prolamine to the total protein content of rice endosperm). | electron microscopic observation of thin sections of rice (oryza sativa l.) endosperm revealed two types of protein bodies (pbs): spherical and irregular-shaped ones. immunocytochemical localization studies using antibodies raised against purified glutelins, prolamines, and globulins indicated that the prolamines were localized in the spherical pb, whereas the irregular-shaped pb contained glutelins and globulins. we counted and measured the surface area and the relative volume of 2303 pbs rando ... | 1995 | 12228685 |
| amylolytic activities in cereal seeds under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. | an adequate carbohydrate supply contributes to the survival of seeds under conditions of limited oxygen availability. the amount of soluble, readily fermentable carbohydrates in dry cereal seeds is usually very limited, with starch representing the main storage compound. starch breakdown during the germination of cereal seeds is the result of the action of hydrolytic enzymes and only through the concerted action of [alpha]-amylase (ec 3.2.1.1), [beta]-amylase (ec 3.2.1.2), debranching enzyme (ec ... | 0 | 12228653 |
| the bean seed storage protein [beta]-phaseolin is synthesized, processed, and accumulated in the vacuolar type-ii protein bodies of transgenic rice endosperm. | the seed storage protein [beta]-phaseolin of the common bean (phaseolus vulgaris l.) was expressed in the endosperm of transgenic rice (oryza sativa l.) plants. the 5.1- or 1.8-kb promoter fragment of the rice seed storage protein glutelin gt1 gene was fused transcriptionally to either the genomic or cdna coding sequence of the [beta]-phaseolin gene. the highest quantity of phaseolin estimated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was 4.0% of the total endosperm protein in the transgenic rice see ... | 1995 | 12228632 |
| diurnal regulation of leaf blade elongation in rice by co2 (is it related to sucrose-phosphate synthase activity?). | the relationship between leaf blade elongation rates (ler) and sucrose-phosphate synthase (sps) activity was investigated at different times during ontogeny of rice (oryza sativa l. cv jarrah) grown in flooded soil at either 350 or 700 [mu]l co2 l-1. high co2 concentrations increased ler of expanding blades and in vivo activity (vlimiting) sps activity of expanded blades during the early vegetative stage (21 d after planting [dap]), when tiller number was small and growing blades were strong car ... | 1995 | 12228556 |
| effect of anoxia on carbohydrate metabolism in rice seedlings. | the metabolism of carbohydrates was investigated in rice (oryza sativa l.) seedlings grown under anoxia. two phases can be recognized in the utilization of carbohydrates: during the first days of germination under anoxia, the metabolism of sugars is mainly degradative, whereas after the induction of [alpha]-amylase (ec 3.2.1.1) has taken place, the increased presence of glucose and sucrose indicates that both starch degradation and sucrose synthesis operate. the analysis of the enzymes involved ... | 1995 | 12228505 |
| characterization and physiological function of class i low-molecular-mass, heat-shock protein complex in soybean. | examination of an ammonium sulfate-enriched fraction (70-100% saturation) of heat-shock proteins (hsps) by nondenaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed the presence of a high molecular mass complex (280 kd) in soybean (glycine max) seedlings. this complex cross-reacted with antibodies raised against soybean class i low-molecular-mass (lmw) hsps. dissociation of the complex by denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed the complex to contain at least 15 polypeptides of the ... | 1995 | 12228501 |
| salicylic acid in rice (biosynthesis, conjugation, and possible role). | salicylic acid (sa) is a natural inducer of disease resistance in some dicotyledonous plants. rice seedlings (oryza sativa l.) had the highest levels of sa among all plants tested for sa content (between 0.01 and 37.19 [mu]g/g fresh weight). the second leaf of rice seedlings had slightly lower sa levels than any younger leaves. to investigate the role of sa in rice disease resistance, we examined the levels of sa in rice (cv m-201) after inoculation with bacterial and fungal pathogens. sa levels ... | 1995 | 12228500 |
| seed dormancy in red rice (oryza sativa) (ix. embryo fructose-2,6-bisphosphate during dormancy breaking and subsequent germination). | fructose-2,6-bisphosphate (fru-2,6-bisp) was evaluated as a potential marker for the dormancy-breaking phase or the germination phase before pericarp splitting in red rice (oryza sativa). during 4 h of imbibition at 30[deg]c, fru-2,6-bisp of dehulled dormant and nondormant seeds increased to 0.26 and 0.38 pmol embryo-1, respectively. in nondormant seeds, embryo fru-2,6-bisp content remained stable until the onset of pericarp splitting (12 h) and increased rapidly thereafter. in dormant seeds, fr ... | 1995 | 12228440 |
| developmental and hormonal regulation of rice [alpha]-amylase(ramy1a)-gusa fusion genes in transgenic rice seeds. | transgenic seeds of rice (oryza sativa l.) were used to investigate temporal, spatial, and hormonal regulation of a rice [alpha]-amylase gene, ramy1a. two overlapping segments of the ramy1a promoter were fused to the coding region of the bacterial reporter gene, gusa. the resulting promoter-gusa fusions, pe4/gus (-232 to +31) and ph4/gus (-748 to +31), were used separately to transform rice protoplasts. [beta]-glucuronidase (gus) activity was detected in germinated transgenic seeds, although the ... | 1995 | 12228339 |
| polyamine accumulation and near loss of morphogenesis in long-term callus cultures of rice (restoration of plant regeneration by manipulation of cellular polyamine levels). | we have shown (s. bajaj and m.v. rajam [1995] plant cell rep 14: 717-720) that a significant reduction in morphogenetic potential occurs in callus cultures of rice (oryza sativa l. cv tn-1) (up to 1 year old), and that plant regeneration could be improved in such cultures with spermidine treatment. we now show a near loss in plant regeneration capacity, concomitant with massive polyamine accumulation (primarily the diamine putrescine), due to the increase in arginine decarboxylase activity and a ... | 1996 | 12226449 |
| cool temperature-induced chlorosis in rice plants (ii. effects of cool temperature on the expression of plastid-encoded genes during shoot growth in darkness). | it has been proposed that cool temperature-induced chlorosis (ctic) in indica cultivars of rice (oryza sativa l.) is caused by cell growth and plastid development being impeded at cool temperatures. since it is well known that the overall rate of transcription of plastid-encoded genes changes dramatically during the early phases of plastid development, in this study we focused on the patterns of expression of these genes. northern blot analysis revealed that the level of 16s rrna is decreased in ... | 1996 | 12226412 |
| growth inhibition in suspension-cultured rice cells under phosphate deprivation is mediated through putrescine accumulation. | the effects of phosphate deprivation on the growth and polyamine levels of suspension-cultured rice (oryza sativa) cells were investigated. when rice suspension cells were deprived of phosphate, cell growth was markedly inhibited. phosphate deprivation resulted in a higher putrescine level and lower spermidine and spermine levels in rice suspension cells. the growth of rice cells cultured in the absence of phosphate did not recover as a result of spermidine and spermine addition. d-arginine and ... | 1996 | 12226323 |
| diauxic growth in rice suspension cells grown on mixed carbon sources of acetate and glucose. | diauxic growth was observed in rice (oryza sativa l.) suspension cells growing on acetate (10 mm) and glucose (10 mm). cells used acetate during the first growth phase and the acetate level in the medium was rapidly decreased, whereas the level of glucose remained essentially unchanged. after acetate was depleted from the medium, cells started to use glucose, forming the second growth phase. it appears that uptake of [14c]glucose was repressed during the first growth phase and became active duri ... | 1996 | 12226198 |
| involvement of jasmonic acid in elicitor-induced phytoalexin production in suspension-cultured rice cells. | it has been suggested that jasmonic acid (ja) could be an integral part of a general signal transduction system regulating inducible defense genes in plants. it was reported that treatment with an elicitor (n-acetylchitoheptaose) induced production of phytoalexin in suspension-cultured rice (oryza sativa l.) cells. in this study, the role of ja in the induction of phytoalexin production by n-acetylchitoheptaose was investigated. exogenously applied ([plus or minus])-ja (10-4 m) clearly induced t ... | 1996 | 12226190 |
| expression of a late embryogenesis abundant protein gene, hva1, from barley confers tolerance to water deficit and salt stress in transgenic rice. | a late embryogenesis abundant (lea) protein gene, hva1, from barley (hordeum vulgare l.) was introduced into rice suspension cells using the biolistic-mediated transformation method, and a large number of independent transgenic rice (oryza sativa l.) plants were generated. expression of the barley hva1 gene regulated by the rice actin 1 gene promoter led to high-level, constitutive accumulation of the hva1 protein in both leaves and roots of transgenic rice plants. second-generation transgenic r ... | 1996 | 12226181 |
| coordinated regulation of the genes participating in starch biosynthesis by the rice floury-2 locus. | the recessive floury-2 (flo-2) locus of rice (oryza sativa l.), which is located on chromosome 4, causes a strong reduction in expression of the gene encoding an isoform of branching enzyme rbe1 in immature seeds 10 d after flowering. mapping of the rbe1 gene demonstrated the localization on rice chromosome 6, suggesting that the wild-type floury-2 (flo-2) gene regulates rbe1 gene expression in trans. however, reduced expression of the genes encoding some other starch-synthesizing enzymes, inclu ... | 1996 | 12226172 |
| l-myo-lnositol 1-phosphate synthase from plant sources (characteristics of the chloroplastic and cytosolic enzymes). | l-myo-inositol 1-phosphate synthase (ec 5.5.1.4) from cyanobacterial (spirulina platensis), algal (euglena gracilis), and higher plant (oryza sativa, vigna radiata) sources was purified to electrophoretic homogeneity, biochemically characterized, and compared. both chloroplastic and cytosolic forms of the enzyme were detected in e. gracilis, o. sativa, and v. radiata, whereas only the cytosolic form was detected in streptomycin-bleached or chloroplastic mutants of e. gracilis and in s. platensis ... | 1997 | 12223840 |
| physical and kinetic evidence for an association between sucrose-phosphate synthase and sucrose-phosphate phosphatase. | the possible formation of a multienzyme complex between sucrose (suc)-phosphate synthase (sps) and suc-phosphate phosphatase (spp) was examined by measuring the rates of suc-6-phosphate (suc-6-p) synthesis and hydrolysis in mixing experiments with partially purified enzymes from spinach (spinacia oleracea) and rice (oryza sativa) leaves. the addition of spp to sps stimulated the rate of suc-6-p synthesis. sps inhibited the hydrolysis of exogenous suc-6-p by spp when added in the absence of its s ... | 1997 | 12223802 |
| growth and n allocation in rice plants under co2 enrichment. | the effects of co2 enrichment on growth and n allocation of rice (oryza sativa l.) were examined. the plants were grown hydroponically in growth chambers with a 14-h photoperiod (1000 [mu]mol quanta m-2 s-1) and a day/night temperature of 25/20[deg]c. from the 28th to 70th d after germination, the plants were exposed to two co2 partial pressures, namely 36 and 100 pa. the co2 enrichment increased the final biomass, but this was caused by a stimulation of the growth rate during the first week of ... | 1997 | 12223800 |
| the effect of elevated partial pressures of co2 on the relationship between photosynthetic capacity and n content in rice leaves. | the effects of growth co2 levels on the photosynthetic rates; the amounts of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (rubisco), chlorophyll (chl), and cytochrome f; sucrose phosphate synthase activity; and total n content were examined in young, fully expanded leaves of rice (oryza sativa l.). the plants were grown hydroponically under two co2 partial pressures of 36 and 100 pa at three n concentrations. the light-saturated photosynthesis at 36 pa co2 was lower in the plants grown in 100 pa co2 th ... | 1997 | 12223799 |
| effects of osmoprotectants upon nacl stress in rice. | plants accumulate a number of osmoprotective substances in response to nacl stress, one of them being proline (pro). while characterizing some of the changes in solute accumulation in nacl-stressed rice (oryza sativa l.), we identified several other potential osmoprotectants. one such substance, trehalose, begins to accumulate in small amounts in roots after 3 d. we performed a series of experiments to compare the effects of pro and trehalose on ion accumulation to determine whether the two chem ... | 1997 | 12223797 |
| gene-expression patterns and levels of jasmonic acid in rice treated with the resistance inducer 2,6-dichloroisonicotinic acid. | acquired disease resistance can be induced in rice (oryza sativa) by a number of synthetic or natural compounds, but the molecular mechanisms behind the phenomenon are poorly understood. one of the synthetic inducers of resistance, 2,6-dichloroisonicotinic acid (ina), efficiently protected rice leaves from infection by the rice blast fungus magnaporthe grisea (hebert) barr. a comparison of gene-expression patterns in plants treated with ina versus plants inoculated with the compatible pathogen m ... | 1997 | 12223792 |
| accelerated early growth of rice at elevated co2 (is it related to developmental changes in the shoot apex?). | the influence of elevated co2 on the development of the shoot apex and on subsequent vegetative growth and grain yield was investigated using rice (oryza sativa l. cv jarrah) grown in flooded soil at either 350 or 700 [mu]l co2 l-1. at 8 d after planting (dap), elevated co2 increased the height and diameter of the apical dome and lengths of leaf primordia and tiller buds but had no effect on their numbers. by 16 dap, there were five tiller buds in the apex at 700 [mu]l co2 l-1 compared with only ... | 1997 | 12223789 |
| does decrease in ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase by antisense rbcs lead to a higher n-use efficiency of photosynthesis under conditions of saturating co2 and light in rice plants? | rice (oryza sativa l.) plants with decreased ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (rubisco) were obtained by transformation with the rice rbcs antisense gene under the control of the rice rbcs promoter. the primary transformants were screened for the rubisco to leaf n ratio, and the transformant with 65% wild-type rubisco was selected as a plant set with optimal rubisco content at saturating co2 partial pressures for photosynthesis under conditions of high irradiance and 25[deg]c. this optimal ... | 1997 | 12223722 |
| differential accumulation of salicylic acid and salicylic acid-sensitive catalase in different rice tissues. | we previously proposed that salicylic acid (sa)-sensitive catalases serve as biological targets of sa in plant defense responses. to further examine the role of sa-sensitive catalases, we have analyzed the relationship between sa levels and sa sensitivity of catalases in different rice (oryza sativa) tissues. we show here that, whereas rice shoots contain extremely high levels of free sa, as previously reported (i. raskin, h. skubatz, w. tang, b.j.d. meeuse [1990] ann bot 66: 369-373; p. silverm ... | 1997 | 12223699 |
| jasmonate-inducible genes are activated in rice by pathogen attack without a concomitant increase in endogenous jasmonic acid levels. | the possible role of the octadecanoid signaling pathway with jasmonic acid (ja) as the central component in defense-gene regulation of pathogen-attacked rice was studied. rice (oryza sativa l.) seedlings were treated with ja or inoculated with the rice blast fungus magnaporthe grisea (hebert) barr., and gene-expression patterns were compared between the two treatments. ja application induced the accumulation of a number of pathogenesis-related (pr) gene products at the mrna and protein levels, b ... | 1997 | 12223690 |
| expansins and internodal growth of deepwater rice. | the distribution and activity of the cell wall-loosening protein expansin is correlated with internodal growth in deepwater rice (oryza sativa l.). acid-induced extension of native cell walls and reconstituted extension of boiled cell walls were confined to the growing region of the internode, i.e. to the intercalary meristem (im) and the elongation zone. immunolocalization by tissue printing and immunoblot analysis, using antibody against cucumber expansin 29 as a probe, confirmed that rice exp ... | 1997 | 12223665 |
| differential ammonia-elicited changes of cytosolic ph in root hair cells of rice and maize as monitored by 2[prime],7[prime]-bis-(2-carboxyethyl)-5 (and -6)-carboxyfluorescein-fluorescence ratio. | intact hair cells of young rice (oryza sativa l.) and maize roots (zea mays l.), grown without external nitrogen, were specifically loaded with 2[prime],7[prime]-bis-(2-carboxyethyl)-5 (and -6)-carboxyfluorescein acetoxymethyl ester to monitor fluorescence ratio cytosolic ph changes in response to external ammonia (nh4+/nh3) application. in neutral media, cytosolic ph of root hairs was 7.15 [plus or minus] 0.13 (o. sativa) and 7.08 [plus or minus] 0.11 (z. mays). application of 2 mm ammonia at e ... | 1997 | 12223619 |
| ultraviolet b-sensitive rice cultivar deficient in cyclobutyl pyrimidine dimer repair. | repair of cyclobutyl pyrimidine dimers (cpds) in dna is essential in most organisms to prevent biological damage by ultraviolet (uv) light. in higher plants tested thus far, uv-sensitive strains had higher initial damage levels or deficient repair of nondimer dna lesions but normal cpd repair. this suggested that cpds might not be important for biological lesions. the photosynthetic apparatus has also been proposed as a critical target. we have analyzed cpd induction and repair in the uv-sensiti ... | 1997 | 12223592 |
| a single nucleotide polymorphism in the alternative oxidase gene among rice varieties differing in low temperature tolerance. | alternative oxidase (aox) is encoded in a multigene family, and multiple isoforms have been observed in various plant species. we found for the first time an allelic variation in the same aox locus. on sds-gel blots of callus protein of rice (oryza sativa l.), varieties without the qtl for low temperature tolerance showed a 32-kda aox band, whereas those with the qtl showed a 34-kda band. the variation was attributed to the substitution of lys(71) for asn(71) caused by a single nucleotide polymo ... | 2002 | 12220657 |
| gsh-dependent peroxidase activity of the rice (oryza sativa) glutaredoxin, a thioltransferase. | glutaredoxin (grx) is a 12-kda thioltransferase that reduces disulfide bonds of other proteins and maintains the redox potential of cells. in addition to its oxidoreductase activity, we report here that a rice grx (osgrx) can also function as a gsh-dependent peroxidase. because of this antioxidant activity, osgrx protects glutamine synthetase from oxidative damage. individually replacing the conserved cys residues in osgrx with ser shows that cys(23), but not cys(26), is essential for the thiolt ... | 2002 | 12207894 |
| characterization of a novel rice gene osatx and modulation of its expression by components of the stress signalling pathways. | in our search to identify gene(s) involved in the rice self-defense responses, we cloned a novel rice (oryza sativa l. cv. nipponbare) gene, osatx, a single copy gene, from the ja treated rice seedling leaves cdna library. this gene encodes a 69 amino acid polypeptide with a predicted molecular mass of 7649.7 and a pi of 5.6. osatx was responsive to cutting (wounding by cutting the excised leaf), over its weak constitutive expression in the healthy leaves. the critical signalling molecules, jasm ... | 2002 | 12207666 |
| mapping of genes controlling aluminum tolerance in rice: comparison of different genetic backgrounds. | aluminum toxicity is the main factor limiting the productivity of crop plants in acid soils, particularly in the tropics and subtropics. in this study, a doubled-haploid population derived from the rice ( oryza sativa l.) breeding lines ct9993 and ir62266 was used to map genes controlling al tolerance. a genetic linkage map consisting of 280 dna markers (rflp, aflp and ssr) was constructed to determine the position and nature of quantitative trait loci (qtls) affecting al tolerance. three charac ... | 0 | 12207224 |
| genome sequencing of a 239-kb region of rice chromosome 10l reveals a high frequency of gene duplication and a large chloroplast dna insertion. | in this study we describe a 239-kb region on the long arm of rice chromosome 10 that contains a high density (71%) of locally duplicated genes, including 24 copies of a glutathione s-transferase gene. intriguingly, embedded within this cluster is a large insertion (approximately 33 kb) of rice (oryza sativa) chloroplast dna that is derived from two separate regions of the chloroplast genome. we used dna fiber-based fluorescence in situ hybridization (fiber-fish) analyses of o. sativa spp. japoni ... | 2002 | 12207219 |
| developmental behavior of gene expression for brown rice thickness under different environments. | the dynamic changes of genetic effects, including main effects, and genotype x environment (ge) interaction effects on brown rice thickness (brt) across environments were investigated by using the developmental genetic models. seven cytoplasmic male sterile lines of indica rice (oryza sativa l.) as females and five restoring lines as males were used in a factorial design to produce grains of f(1)s and f(2)s in two environments (years) for developmental genetic analysis. the results indicate that ... | 2002 | 12203916 |
| proteome analysis of differentially displayed proteins as a tool for investigating ozone stress in rice (oryza sativa l.) seedlings. | employing classical two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-de), amino acid sequencing and immunoblot analysis, we examine for the first time the effect of ozone, a highly notorious environmental pollutant, on rice seedling proteins. drastic visible necrotic damage to leaf by ozone and consequent increase in ascorbate peroxidase protein(s) was accompanied by rapid changes in the 2-de protein profiles, over controls. out of a total of 56 proteins investigated, which were reproducible in repeated exper ... | 2002 | 12203890 |
| [chromosome mapping of the s-b locus for f1 pollen sterility in cultivated rice (oryza sativa l.) with rapd markers]. | s-b is one locus for f1 pollen sterility in cultivated rice (oryza sativa l.), and the genotype of taichung 65 (abridged as t65) is sj/sj, while its isogenic line, tisl2 is si/si at this locus. the results of pollen fertility analysis showed that the pollen of t65 and tisl2 were fertile, but the f1 plant from t65 x tisl2 produced only 40.6% fertile pollens, and the type of sterile pollen was stainable abortive. in f2 population from the cross t65 x tisl2 and bc1f1 population from the cross t65/t ... | 2002 | 12200861 |
| the 5' leader of plant pgic has an intron: the leader shows both the loss and maintenance of constraints compared with introns and exons in the coding region. | pgic, a complex gene with 23 coding exons and 22 intervening introns, encodes the cytosolic isozyme of phosphoglucose isomerase (ec 5.3.1.9) in higher plants. here, we report rna ligase-mediated rapid amplification of cdna ends experiments that showed that pgic in clarkia (onagraceae) and arabidopsis thaliana has an intron in the 5' leader. comparison of the embl accessions of the cdna and genomic sequences showed that this is also the case in rice (oryza sativa), suggesting that a leader intron ... | 2002 | 12200488 |
| [identification of a snorna47 gene cluster in oryza sativa]. | small nucleolar rnas (snornas) are required for ribose 2'-o-methylation of eukaryotic ribosomal rna. by researching in international rice genome databases, a snorna gene cluster, consisting of three box c/d snorna gene candidates, was found on chromosome 6. all of snorna coding sequences in this cluster exhibited the characteristic structure of box c/d antisense snorna. they shared conserved box c and box d motifs, a stable terminal stem formed by a 4-6 nt-long inverted repetition sequence locat ... | 2002 | 12198574 |
| transcriptional regulation of a rice mitogen-activated protein kinase gene, osmapk4, in response to environmental stresses. | mitogen-activated protein kinase (mapk) cascades play important roles in signal transduction of extracellular stimuli in eukaryotes. however, stimulatory signals for plant mapks have not been well elucidated. here, a cdna clone, termed oryza sativa mapk4 (osmapk4), from rice encoding a protein that showed homology with the eukaryotic mapks was isolated. according to the phylogenetic analysis, osmapk4 belongs to subgroup iv mapk in plants. osmapk4 transcripts were expressed strongly in mature lea ... | 2002 | 12198199 |
| isolation and characterization of triacontanol-regulated genes in rice (oryza sativa l.): possible role of triacontanol as a plant growth stimulator. | triacontanol (tria) is a saturated long-chain alcohol that is known to have a growth promoting activity when exogenously supplied to a number of plants. in this study, dry weight, protein and chlorophyll contents of rice seedlings were increased by foliar application of tria. leaf net photosynthesis rate (pn) was increased very quickly and persistently at a given photon flux density (pfd). the tria-regulated genes in rice were isolated from cdna library by differential screening with probes gene ... | 2002 | 12198189 |
| characterization of a hkt-type transporter in rice as a general alkali cation transporter. | we report the characterization of rice oshkt1 (oryza sativa ssp. indica) homologous to the wheat k+/na+-symporter hkt1. expression of oshkt1 in the yeast strain cy162 defective in k+-uptake restored growth at mm and micro m concentrations of k+ and mediated hypersensitivity to na+. when expressed in xenopus oocytes, rice oshkt1 showed uptake characteristics of a na+-transporter but mediated transport of other alkali cations as well. oshkt1 expression was analysed in salt-tolerant rice pokkali an ... | 2002 | 12182709 |
| [genetic variation of main restorer lines of hybrid rice in china was revealed by microsatellite markers]. | a total of thirty-five restorer lines of hybrid rice (oryza sativa l.) were analyzed by twenty-five ssr (simple sequence repeats) primer pairs, which disperse on 12 chromosomes in rice. those primers detected 65 alleles among 35 restorer lines of hybrid rice. per primer pair detected 2.6 alleles on the average. pic (polymorphism index content) values ranged from 0.206 to 0.682. pic value is 0.414 on the average. the result from cluster analysis shows that hybrid rice restorer lines have abundant ... | 2002 | 12182081 |
| [physical mapping of the 45s rdna and 5s rdna to rice prometaphase chromosome]. | rice (oryza sativa l.) is one of the most important cereal crops in the world. the chromosomes of rice are relatively small in size. with the help of fluorescence in situ hybridization (fish), several rice dnas have been localized on rice chromosomes. 45s rdna and 5s rdna are encoding sequences for ribosomal rna synthesis. for detecting the chromosomes related to 45s rdna and 5s rdna, the digoxigenin-dutp labeled probe dna was probed to the prometaphase chromosomes which were prepared from the r ... | 2002 | 12182079 |
| [analysis of gene loci and epistasis for drought tolerance in seedling stage of rice (oryza sativa l.)]. | drought tolerance of rice is important because a considerable proportion of the world rice area is not irrigated and is prone to water deficit. in this study, an indica variety, zhai ye qing 8 (zyq8), and a japonica variety, jing xi 17 (jx17), and their double haploid (dh) population were used for genetic study of drought tolerance. water supply was stopped in seedling period for 15 days and then drought tolerance of the dh population and their parents were investigated. mapping quantitative tra ... | 2002 | 12182078 |
| two novel mitogen-activated protein signaling components, osmek1 and osmap1, are involved in a moderate low-temperature signaling pathway in rice. | rice (oryza sativa) anther development is easily damaged by moderately low temperatures above 12 degrees c. subtractive screening of cdna that accumulated in 12 degrees c-treated anthers identified a cdna clone, osmek1, encoding a protein with features characteristic of a mitogen-activated protein (map) kinase kinase. the putative osmek1 protein shows 92% identity to the maize (zea mays) mek homolog, zmmek1. osmek1 transcript levels were induced in rice anthers by 12 degrees c treatment for 48 h ... | 2002 | 12177502 |
| identification of a soybean protein that interacts with gaga element dinucleotide repeat dna. | dinucleotide repeat dna with the pattern (ga)(n)/(tc)(n), so-called gaga elements, control gene expression in animals, and are recognized by a specific regulatory protein. here, a yeast one-hybrid screen was used to isolate soybean (glycine max) cdna encoding a gaga-binding protein (gbp) that binds to (ga)(n)/(ct)(n) dna. soybean gbp was dissimilar from the gaga factor of drosophila melanogaster. recombinant gbp protein did not bind to dinucleotide repeat sequences other than (ga)(n)/(ct)(n). gb ... | 2002 | 12177492 |
| barley cbf3 gene identification, expression pattern, and map location. | although cold and drought adaptation in cereals and other plants involve the induction of a large number of genes, inheritance studies in triticeae (wheat [triticum aestivum], barley [hordeum vulgare], and rye [secale cereale]) have revealed only a few major loci for frost or drought tolerance that are consistent across multiple genetic backgrounds and environments. one might imagine that these loci could encode highly conserved regulatory factors that have global effects on gene expression; the ... | 0 | 12177491 |
| expression of a heterologous s-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase cdna in plants demonstrates that changes in s-adenosyl-l-methionine decarboxylase activity determine levels of the higher polyamines spermidine and spermine. | we posed the question of whether steady-state levels of the higher polyamines spermidine and spermine in plants can be influenced by overexpression of a heterologous cdna involved in the later steps of the pathway, in the absence of any further manipulation of the two synthases that are also involved in their biosynthesis. transgenic rice (oryza sativa) plants engineered with the heterologous datura stramonium s-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (samdc) cdna exhibited accumulation of the transgen ... | 2002 | 12177487 |
| high-level and ubiquitous expression of the rice cytochrome c gene oscc1 and its promoter activity in transgenic plants provides a useful promoter for transgenesis of monocots. | expression patterns of a rice (oryza sativa) cytochrome c gene oscc1 and its promoter activity were characterized in transgenic rice plants. oscc1 transcripts accumulate in most cell types, but to varying levels. large amounts of oscc1 transcripts are found in the roots, calli, and suspension cells, but relatively lower in mature leaves, demonstrating its higher levels of expression in non-photosynthetic tissues. unlike the human cytochrome c gene, which is responsive to camp, oscc1 expression i ... | 2002 | 12177461 |
| the novel rice (oryza sativa l.) gene ossbf1 encodes a putative member of the na+/bile acid symporter family. | pcr-based differential screening was used to identify ethylene-induced genes in deep-water rice (oryza sativa l.). one of the isolated cdnas represented a novel protein, ossbf1, with high homology to mammalian na+/bile acid transporters and to sodium-dependent transporters from bacteria. one highly homologous protein and three less conserved homologues were identified in arabidopsis thaliana indicating that sbf proteins exist in monocot and dicot plant species. expression of ossbf1 in deep-water ... | 2002 | 12177140 |
| abscisic acid and cytokinins in the root exudates and leaves and their relationship to senescence and remobilization of carbon reserves in rice subjected to water stress during grain filling. | the possible regulation of senescence-initiated remobilization of carbon reserves in rice (oryza sativa l.) by abscisic acid (aba) and cytokinins was studied using two rice cultivars with high lodging resistance and slow remobilization. the plants were grown in pots and either well-watered (ww, soil water potential = 0 mpa) or water-stressed (ws, soil water potential = -0.05 mpa) from 9 days after anthesis until they reached maturity. leaf water potentials of both cultivars markedly decreased at ... | 2002 | 12172848 |
| quantitative trait loci associated with leaf and neck blast resistance in recombinant inbred line population of rice (oryza sativa). | blast is an economically important disease of rice. to map genes controlling blast resistance, recombinant inbred lines (ril) were developed from khao dawk mali 105, an aromatic, blast-susceptible cultivar and the blast resistance donor, ct 9993-5-10-m (ct). a linkage map encompassing 2112 cm was constructed from 141 rils using 90 restriction fragment length polymorphisms (rflps) and 31 simple sequence repeats (ssr). virulent isolates of blast fungus were identified by screening differential hos ... | 2002 | 12168952 |
| proteomic survey of metabolic pathways in rice. | a systematic proteomic analysis of rice (oryza sativa) leaf, root, and seed tissue using two independent technologies, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis followed by tandem mass spectrometry and multidimensional protein identification technology, allowed the detection and identification of 2,528 unique proteins, which represents the most comprehensive proteome exploration to date. a comparative display of the expression patterns indicated that enzymes involved in central metabolic pathways are ... | 2002 | 12163647 |
| molecular cloning and characterization of a novel beta-1,3-glucanase gene from rice. | beta-1,3-glucanases are referred to as pathogenesis-related proteins and they are also involved in several developmental processes. we isolated a cdna for beta-1,3-glucanase from rice anther and named it oryza sativa glucanase 1 (osg1). phylogenetic analysis showed that osg1 belonged to monocotyledonous endo-beta-1,3-glucanase subgroup a. rt-pcr analysis revealed that osg1 transcripts were present in leaves, roots, and anthers. | 2002 | 12162569 |
| molecular and biochemical characterization of a calcium/calmodulin-binding protein kinase from rice. | a ca2+/calmodulin (cam)-binding protein kinase from rice ( oryza sativa ), oscbk, has been characterized that lacks ca2+-binding ef hands and has ca2+/cam-independent autophosphorylation and substrate-phosphorylation activity. oscbk has all 11 subdomains of a kinase catalytic domain and a putative cam-binding domain, and shares high identity with ca2+-dependent-protein-kinase ('cdpk')-related protein kinases in plants. oscbk bound cam in a ca2+-dependent manner as previously reported for ca2+/ca ... | 2002 | 12160464 |
| modulation of proton pumping across proteoliposome membranes reconstituted with tonoplast h(+)-atpase from cultured rice (oryza sativa l. var. boro) cells by acyl steryl glucoside and steryl glucoside. | tonoplast h(+)-atpase purified from cultured rice cells (oryza sativa l. var. boro) was reconstituted into asolectin liposomes containing steryl glucoside (sg) or acyl steryl glucoside (asg), and the effects of sg and asg on proton pumping, atp-hydrolysis activity and proton permeability of the proteoliposome membranes were investigated. in the proteoliposomes containing 10 mol% sg, proton pumping and atp-hydrolysis activity were increased to around 140% of those in sg-free proteoliposomes. in t ... | 2002 | 12154145 |
| phytochrome mediates the external light signal to repress ft orthologs in photoperiodic flowering of rice. | phytochromes confer the photoperiodic control of flowering in rice (oryza sativa), a short-day plant. to better understand the molecular mechanisms of day-length recognition, we examined the interaction between phytochrome signals and circadian clocks in photoperiodic-flowering mutants of rice. monitoring behaviors of circadian clocks revealed that phase setting of circadian clocks is not affected either under short-day (sd) or under long-day (ld) conditions in a phytochrome-deficient mutant tha ... | 2002 | 12154129 |
| crystallization and preliminary x-ray crystallographic studies of rice alpha-galactosidase. | alpha-galactosidases catalyze the hydrolysis of galactooligosaccharides and galactopolysaccharides to alpha-galactose residues and are widely distributed in microorganisms, plants and animals. alpha-galactosidase from rice (oryza sativa l. ssp. japonica) was crystallized by the hanging-drop vapour-diffusion method. the crystals belong to space group p2(1)2(1)2(1), with unit-cell parameters a = 63.1, b = 71.3, c = 85.6 a, and diffract beyond 1.9 a resolution. | 2002 | 12136160 |
| a novel gene organization: intronic snorna gene clusters from oryza sativa. | based on the analysis of structural features and conserved elements, 27 novel snorna genes have been identified from rice. all of them belong to the c/d box-containing snorna family except for one that belongs to the h/aca box type. the newly found genes fall into six clusters that comprise at least three snorna genes, and in one case as many as nine genes. interestingly, four of the six clusters are located within the largest intron of a protein coding gene. the majority of intronic snorna gene ... | 2002 | 12136108 |
| dasheng: a recently amplified nonautonomous long terminal repeat element that is a major component of pericentromeric regions in rice. | a new and unusual family of ltr elements, dasheng, has been discovered in the genome of oryza sativa following database searches of approximately 100 mb of rice genomic sequence and 78 mb of bac-end sequence information. with all of the cis-elements but none of the coding domains normally associated with retrotransposons (e.g., gag, pol), dasheng is a novel nonautonomous ltr element with high copy number. over half of the approximately 1000 dasheng elements in the rice genome are full length (5. ... | 2002 | 12136031 |
| octadecanoid signaling component "burst" in rice (oryza sativa l.) seedling leaves upon wounding by cut and treatment with fungal elicitor chitosan. | octadecanoid pathway components, 12-oxo-phytodieonic acid (opda) and jasmonic acid (ja), are key biologically active regulators of plant self-defense response(s). however, to date these compounds have been studied mostly in dicots, and used large (1-10 g fresh weight, fw) samples for quantification, even when examined in mature rice plants, which is a drawback considering their rapid responsiveness to stress. focusing on rice--a monocot cereal crop research model--this work describes an efficien ... | 2002 | 12135598 |
| differential susceptibility of photosynthesis to light-chilling stress in rice (oryza sativa l.) depends on the capacity for photochemical dissipation of light. | the primary target for light-chilling stress in chilling-sensitive cucumber leaves is the chloroplast cu,zn-superoxide dismutase, followed by subsequent inactivation of the photosystem (ps) i by reactive oxygen species (ros). to test this hypothesis, two rice cultivars that were different in their ecological origins (a chilling-resistant stejaree 45 and a chilling-sensitive milyang 23) were evaluated with respect to photosynthetic properties, the ros scavenging system, and expression of genes th ... | 2002 | 12132582 |
| the barley mlo modulator of defense and cell death is responsive to biotic and abiotic stress stimuli. | lack of the barley (hordeum vulgare) seven-transmembrane domain mlo protein confers resistance against the fungal pathogen blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei (bgh). to broaden the basis for mlo structure/function studies, we sequenced additional mlo resistance alleles, two of which confer only partial resistance. wild-type mlo dampens the cell wall-restricted hydrogen peroxide burst at points of attempted fungal penetration of the epidermal cell wall, and in subtending mesophyll cells, it suppresse ... | 2002 | 12114562 |
| expression of functional recombinant human lysozyme in transgenic rice cell culture. | using particle bombardment-mediated transformation, a codon-optimized synthetic gene for human lysozyme was introduced into the calli of rice (oryza sativa) cultivar taipei 309. the expression levels of recombinant human lysozyme in the transformed rice suspension cell culture approached approximately 4% of total soluble protein. recombinant human lysozyme was purified to greater than 95% homogeneity using a two-step chromatography process. amino acid sequencing verified that the n-terminus of t ... | 2002 | 12113455 |
| rice (oryza sativa l.) cultivars tolerant to high temperature at flowering: anther characteristics. | we examined the relationship between morphological characteristics of anthers and fertility in japonica rice cultivars subjected to high temperature (37.5(26 degrees c day/night) at flowering. percentage fertility was negatively correlated with the number of cell layers that separated the anther locule from the lacuna that formed between the septum and the stomium. the cell layers consisted of the remaining septum and degraded tapetum, and serve to keep the adjacent two locules closed. anther de ... | 2002 | 12102523 |
| cloning and characterization of rice (oryza sativa l) telomerase reverse transcriptase, which reveals complex splicing patterns. | plant chromosomes terminate in telomeres as in other eukaryotes. telomeres are vital to genome stability and their malfunctioning is lethal. one of the core components of the telomere complex is telomerase. the enzyme activity depends on rna (ter) and reverse transcriptase (tert) subunits. we describe here the isolation, sequencing and characterization of the telomerase reverse transcriptase catalytic subunit from the monocot plant oryza sativa l. (ostert). a single copy of this gene is present ... | 2002 | 12100484 |
| mitochondrial trna(trp)s imply a eubacterial origin. | three mitochondrial trna(trp)s genes from oryza sativa, homo sapiens and saccharomyces serevisea were constructed. in vitro transcripts of these mitochondrial trna(trp)s genes were able to be tryptophanylated by bacillus subtilis tryptophanyl-trna synthetase (trprs), but could not be catalyzed by trprs from rat liver. kinetic assay showed that b. subtilis trprs had half the binding capacity for mitochondrial trna(trp)s than for wild type trna(trp). while in the catalytic efficiency, the k(cat)/k ... | 2000 | 12098783 |
| [obtaining stem borer-resistant homozygous transgenic lines of minghui 81 harboring novel cry1ac gene via particle bombardment]. | a modified cry1ac gene was generated by fusing with lys-asp-glu-lue (kdel), an endoplasmic reticulum retention signal at the 3'-ends, with signal peptide coding sequence of soybean kunitz trypsin inhibitor (skti) at the 5'-ends. vector containing the modified cry1ac gene coding region flanked by the corn ubiquitin 1 promoter and the nopaline synthase gene (nos) terminator with hygromycin phosphotransferase (hpt) gene as a plant selection marker was constructed. the modified cry1ac gene in which ... | 2002 | 12096630 |
| response of rice to al stress and identification of quantitative trait loci for al tolerance. | rice (oryza sativa l.) shows the highest tolerance to al toxicity among small-grain cereal crops, however, the mechanisms and genetics responsible for its high al tolerance are not yet well understood. we investigated the response of rice to al stress using the japonica variety koshihikari in comparison to the indica variety kasalath. koshihikari showed higher tolerance at various al concentrations than kasalath. the al content in root apexes was less in koshihikari than in kasalath, suggesting ... | 2002 | 12091719 |
| ostf1: a hd-gl2 family homeobox gene is developmentally regulated during early embryogenesis in rice. | in many eukaryotic organisms, homeobox genes are important regulators that specify the cell fate and body plan in early embryogenesis. in this study, a gene designated ostf1 (oryza sativa transcription factor 1) encoding a homeodomain protein in rice was isolated and characterized. the encoded ostf1, although sharing only approximately 51% sequence identity with other hd-gl2 members, contains four characteristic motifs (an n-terminal acidic region, a homeodomain, a truncated leucine zipper, and ... | 2002 | 12091716 |
| stability of rice yellow mottle virus and cellular compartmentalization during the infection process in oryza sativa (l.). | rice yellow mottle virus (rymv) is icosahedral in morphology and known to swell in vitro, but the biological function of swollen particles remains unknown. anion-exchange chromatography was used to identify three markedly stable forms of rymv particles from infected plants: (1) an unstable swollen form lacking ca2+ and dependent upon basic ph; (2) a more stable transitional form lacking ca2+ but dependent upon acidic ph; and (3) a ph-independent, stable, compact form containing ca2+. particle st ... | 2002 | 12083840 |
| isolation and identification of a potent allelopathic substance in rice root exudates. | a search for growth inhibitors in rice root exudates was undertaken in order to clarify the allelopathic system in rice (oryza sativa l.). rice seedlings inhibited the growth of cress (lepidium sativum l.) and lettuce (lactuca sativa l.) seedlings when the cress and lettuce were grown with rice seedlings. the putative compound causing the inhibitory effect of rice seedlings was isolated from their culture solution, and the chemical structure of the inhibitor was determined by spectral data as mo ... | 2002 | 12081533 |
| inducibility by pathogen attack and developmental regulation of the rice ltp1 gene. | using a genomic clone encoding a rice lipid transfer protein, ltp1, we analysed the activity of the 5' region of the ltp1 gene in transgenic rice (oryza sativa l.) during plant development and under pathogen attack. the -1176/+13, -556/+13 and -284/+13 regions of the promoter were fused upstream from the uida reporter gene and nos 3' polyadenylation signal, resulting in the pdelta1176gus, pdelta556gus and pdelta284gus constructs which were transferred to rice by microprojectile bombardment. hist ... | 2002 | 12081375 |
| semidwarf (sd-1), "green revolution" rice, contains a defective gibberellin 20-oxidase gene. | the introduction of semidwarf rice (oryza sativa l.) led to record yield increases throughout asia in the 1960s. the major semidwarfing allele, sd-1, is still extensively used in modern rice cultivars. the phenotype of sd-1 is consistent with dwarfism that results from a deficiency in gibberellin (ga) plant growth hormones. we propose that the semidwarf (sd-1) phenotype is the result of a deficiency of active gas in the elongating stem arising from a defective 20-oxidase ga biosynthetic enzyme. ... | 2002 | 12077303 |
| isolation of novel rice (oryza sativa l.) multiple stress responsive map kinase gene, osmsrmk2, whose mrna accumulates rapidly in response to environmental cues. | in search for components of mapk (mitogen-activated protein kinase) cascades in rice (oryza sativa l. cv. nipponbare), we identified a single copy gene called osmsrmk2 from jasmonic acid (ja) treated rice seedling leaf cdna library. this gene has a conserved protein kinase domain, including a mapk family signature, and encodes a 369 amino acid polypeptide with a predicted molecular mass of 42995.43 and a pi of 5.48. osmsrmk2 did not show constitutive expression in leaves and was induced within 1 ... | 2002 | 12074577 |
| photochemical properties of the flavin mononucleotide-binding domains of the phototropins from arabidopsis, rice, and chlamydomonas reinhardtii. | phototropins (phot1 and phot2, formerly designated nph1 and npl1) are blue-light receptors that mediate phototropism, blue light-induced chloroplast relocation, and blue light-induced stomatal opening in arabidopsis. phototropins contain two light, oxygen, or voltage (lov) domains at their n termini (lov1 and lov2), each a binding site for the chromophore flavin mononucleotide (fmn). their c termini contain a serine/threonine protein kinase domain. here, we examine the kinetic properties of the ... | 2002 | 12068117 |
| overlapping expression of cytosolic glutamine synthetase and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase in immature leaf blades of rice. | in order to estimate whether cytosolic glutamine synthetase (gs1; ec 6.3.1.2) is partly coupled to the reaction of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (pal; ec 4.3.1.5) in developing organs of rice (oryza sativa l.), we compared the expression pattern of transcripts and proteins for gs1 and pal in the tissue sections from leaf blades at various stages of development. in immature vascular bundles of unexpanded leaf blades, gs1 mrna was mainly detected in xylem parenchyma cells, mestome-sheath cells, and ... | 2001 | 12060286 |
| a cdpk type protein kinase is involved in rice sps light modulation. | a protein kinase activity that can phosphorylate and inactivate rice (oryza sativa) sucrose-phosphate synthase (sps; udp-glucose: d-fructose-6-phosphate-2-glucosyl transferase, ec 2.4.1.14) was measured in extracts prepared from leaves exposed to light-dark transitions. enzyme activity present in extracts from dark leaves was about 5-fold higher than the activity in extracts from leaves that had been collected in the light. the protein kinase (named r-spsk) was purified about 100-fold from dark ... | 2002 | 12060234 |
| purification and characterization of a novel 7-kda non-specific lipid transfer protein-2 from rice (oryza sativa). | a novel 7-kda non-specific lipid transfer protein-2 (nsltp2) has been isolated from rice (oryza sativa) seeds. in contrast to nsltp1s, few nsltp2s have been purified and characterized. complete amino acid sequence of rice nsltp2 was determined by n-terminal edman degradation of the intact protein as well as the peptide fragments resulted from trypsin digestions. rice nsltp2 consists of 69 amino acid residues with eight conserved cysteines forming four disulfide bonds. the secondary structure of ... | 2002 | 12056799 |
| isolation and characterization of a putative transducer of endoplasmic reticulum stress in oryza sativa. | following endoplasmic reticulum (er) stress that prevents correct folding or assembly of er proteins, at least three responses occur to maintain cell homeostasis: induction of chaperones, attenuation of protein synthesis, and enhancement of lipid synthesis. transducers that transmit er stress to the nucleus have already been identified in yeast and mammals. we report here isolation of a cdna, osire1, from rice encoding a putative homolog of ire1p, a yeast transducer of er stress. osire1 encodes ... | 2002 | 12040100 |
| influence of different cultivars on populations of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria in the root environment of rice. | comparisons of the activities and diversities of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (aob) in the root environment of different cultivars of rice (oryza sativa l.) indicated marked differences despite identical environmental conditions during growth. gross nitrification rates obtained by the 15n dilution technique were significantly higher in a modern variety, ir63087-1-17, than in two traditional varieties. phylogenetic analysis based on the ammonium monooxygenase gene (amoa) identified strains related ... | 2002 | 12039768 |
| aox1c, a novel rice gene for alternative oxidase; comparison with rice aox1a and aox1b. | a novel gene for alternative oxidase (aox) was isolated from rice (oryza sativa l.) and characterized. the deduced amino acid sequence of the novel aox gene contains features that are conserved among other aoxs. this aox gene was designated aox1c based on a phylogenetic analysis of the aox genes. northern hybridization analyses revealed that aox1c and aox1a/aox1b transcripts accumulated differently in various rice organs and rice seedlings under low temperature conditions. aox1c mrna was mainly ... | 2002 | 12036102 |
| organ-specific alternative transcripts of knox family class 2 homeobox genes of rice. | we identified three genes (hos58, hos59 and hos66) of rice (oryza sativa), which encode predicted proteins with the knox family class 2 homeodomain. these proteins contain three conserved domains, the knox domain, elk domain and homeodomain, from an n-terminus to a c-terminus. in addition to similarity of predicted amino acid sequences, these genes showed a similar exon/intron structure. cdna cloning and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analyses of these genes indicated tissue-spe ... | 2002 | 12034492 |
| genetic diversity in cultivars and landraces of oryza sativa subsp. indica as revealed by aflp markers. | genetic diversity among 49 indian accessions of rice (oryza sativa subsp. indica), including 29 landraces from jeypore, 12 modern cultivars, and 8 traditional cultivars from tamil nadu, was investigated using aflp markers. in total, nine primer combinations revealed 664 aflps, 408 of which were found to be polymorphic. the percentage of polymorphic aflps was approximately the same within the cultivars and landraces. similar results were obtained when genetic diversity values were estimated using ... | 2002 | 12033612 |
| diversity of pseudomonas spp. isolated from rice rhizosphere populations grown along a salinity gradient. | along the coastline of tamil nadu, five sites were chosen to assess the diversity of pseudomonas populations isolated from rice (oryza sativa) cultivated along a salinity gradient. one of these sites was under organic farming while the other four were under inorganic farming. a total of 256 pseudomonas strains isolated from these five sites were analyzed using both phenotypic (substrate utilization patterns and antibiotic resistance assay) and genotypic (pcr-rflp of 16s rdna) characteristics. th ... | 2002 | 12023735 |
| a high efficient approach used for bac-contig extension of oryza sativa with pcr screening the bac clone pools. | to extend 8 bac contigs, which were previously located in the 56.1-68 cm region of the chromosome 4 of the oryza sativa indica guangluai4, 14 pairs of primers were designed according to the terminal sequences of the existing seed bacs and were deliberately divided into 3 groups. with the 3 groups of primer mixtures, 233 pools of bac dna that represent 22 368 bac clones from o.sativa indica guangluai4 genomic library were screened. 65 positive clones corresponding to the 8 contigs were isolated a ... | 2002 | 12019452 |
| two uncoupling protein genes of rice (oryza sativa l.): molecular study reveals the defects in the pre-mrna processing for the heat-generating proteins of the subtropical cereal. | the recent finding of uncoupling proteins (ucps) in plants has demonstrated that plant mitochondria contain at least two distinct types of potential heat-generating protein, i.e. uncoupling proteins (ucps) and alternative oxidases. in this study, we isolated and characterized two rice genes encoding ucps with the aim of improving cold tolerance of rice through the modification of ucp expression. the two rice nuclear genes, osucp1 and osucp2, appeared to encode functional ucps, as far as the amin ... | 2002 | 12012245 |
| glucosylation activity and complex formation of two classes of reversibly glycosylated polypeptides. | reversibly glycosylated polypeptides (rgps) have been implicated in polysaccharide biosynthesis. in plants, these proteins may function, for example, in cell wall synthesis and/or in synthesis of starch. we have isolated wheat (triticum aestivum) and rice (oryza sativa) rgp cdna clones to study the function of rgps. sequence comparisons showed the existence of two classes of rgp proteins, designated rgp1 and rgp2. glucosylation activity of rgp1 and rgp2 from wheat and rice was studied. after sep ... | 2002 | 12011358 |
| tissue localization of a submergence-induced 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase in rice. | at least two 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase genes (acs) are implicated in the submergence response of rice (oryza sativa). previously, the os-acs5 gene has been shown to be induced during short- as well as long-term complete submergence of seedlings and to be controlled by a balance of gibberellin and abscisic acid in both lowland and deepwater rice. this study demonstrates that os-acs5 mrna is localized in specific tissues and cells both during normal development and in response ... | 2002 | 12011339 |
| solution structure of plant nonspecific lipid transfer protein-2 from rice (oryza sativa). | the three-dimensional structure of rice nonspecific lipid transfer protein (nsltp2) has been solved for the first time. the structure of nsltp2 was obtained using 813 distance constraints, 30 hydrogen bond constraints, and 19 dihedral angle constraints. fifteen of the 50 random simulated annealing structures satisfied all of the constraints and possessed good nonbonded contacts. the novel three-dimensional fold of rice nsltp2 contains a triangular hydrophobic cavity formed by three prominent hel ... | 2002 | 12011089 |
| ethanol sensitivity of rice and oat coleoptiles. | the ability to avoid the ethanol-induced injury was evaluated in rice (oryza sativa l.) and oat (avena sativa l.) coleoptiles. the growth of the rice and oat coleoptiles was inhibited by ethanol exogenously applied at concentrations greater than 200 and 30 mm, respectively. at 300 mm ethanol, oat coleoptiles were brown and flaccid but rice coleoptiles did not show any visible symptoms of toxicity. the acetaldehyde level in rice and oat coleoptiles was increased by exogenously applied ethanol and ... | 2002 | 12010475 |
| heat shocks increase the chilling tolerance of rice (oryza sativa) seedling radicles. | the growth of rice (oryza sativa l., cv. m202) seedling radicles, initially 10 +/- 1 mm long, was linear for the 96 h it took them to grow to 150 mm at 25 degrees c. exposure to 5 degrees c for 24 h reduced the rate of growth by about 50%, and longer exposures caused a progressive reduction in growth. initial radicle length significantly affected chilling sensitivity: with 2 days at 5 degrees c inhibiting growth at 25 degrees c by 23% for 1-mm radicles, 63% for 10-mm radicles, and 87% for 40-mm ... | 2002 | 12009992 |
| trends in comparative genetics and their potential impacts on wheat and barley research. | we review some general points about comparative mapping, the evolution of gene families and recent advances in the understanding of angiosperm phylogeny. these are considered in relation to studies of large-genome cereals, particularly barley (hordeum vulgare) and wheat (triticum aestivum), with reference to methods of gene isolation. the relative merits of direct map-based cloning in barley and wheat, utilization of the smaller genome of rice (oryza sativa) and gene homology methods that utiliz ... | 2006 | 11999846 |
| a fine physical map of the rice chromosome 4. | as part of an international effort to completely sequence the rice genome, we have produced a fine bacterial artificial chromosome (bac)-based physical map of the oryza sativa japonica nipponbare chromosome 4 through an integration of 114 sequenced bac clones from a taxonomically related subspecies o. sativa indica guangluai 4 and 182 rflp and 407 expressed sequence tag (est) markers with the fingerprinted data of the nipponbare genome. the map consists of 11 contigs with a total length of 34.5 ... | 2002 | 11997348 |
| characterisation of rice anther proteins expressed at the young microspore stage. | in combination with two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2-de) protein mapping and mass spectrometry analysis, the pattern of gene expression in specific tissues at a specific stage can be displayed and characterised. we used this approach for rice (oryza sativa l. cultivar doongara) to display and assign identity to proteins in the anthers at the young microspore stage. over 4000 anther proteins in the pi range of 4-11 and molecular mass range of 6-122 kda were reproducibly resol ... | 2001 | 11990509 |
| [detection and analysis of qtl for resistance to the brown planthopper, nilaparvata lugens (stål), in rice (oryza sativa l.), using backcross inbred lines]. | a mapping population of 98 bc1f9 lines (backcross inbred lines: bils), derived from a backcross of nipponbare (japonica)/kasalath (indica)//nipponbare by the single-seed descent methods, was used to detect quantitative trait loci (qtl) for resistance to brown planthopper (bph), nilaparvata lugens (stål). seedbox screening technique (sst) was applied to evaluate the reactions of two parents and 98 bils to bph at the seedling stage, and the entries were graded on ratio of dead seedlings. a total o ... | 2002 | 11985267 |
| expression of asparagine synthetase in rice (oryza sativa) roots in response to nitrogen. | the expression of asparagine synthetase (as; ec 6.3.5.4) in response to externally supplied nitrogen was investigated with respect to enzyme activity and protein levels as detected immunologically in rice (oryza sativa) seedlings. the asparagine content was very low in leaves and roots of nitrogen-starved rice plants but increased significantly after the supply of 1 mm nh4+ to the nutrient solution. while neither as activity nor as protein could be detected in leaves and roots prior to the suppl ... | 2002 | 11982933 |