Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| benign lymphangioendothelioma presenting as a giant flank mass. | benign lymphangioendothelioma is a rare lesion of controversial etiology and a histopathologic mimic of kaposi sarcoma and so-called 'well-differentiated' angiosarcoma. its most typical clinical presentation is as a slowly expanding, erythematous patch or plaque; it rarely presents as a large mass. we report the second case of a giant benign lymphangioendothelioma, which arose as a serpiginous mass involving most of the flank of an elderly male with no prior radiation exposure and with a remote ... | 2015 | 25410589 |
| variable episomal silencing of a recombinant herpesvirus renders its encoded gfp an unreliable marker of infection in primary cells. | the availability of reliable recombinant reporter virus systems has been a great boon to the study of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv/hhv-8). unexpectedly, we found that expression of the ostensibly constitutive green fluorescent protein (gfp) marker was progressively lost during unselected passage in primary rat mesenchymal precursor cells (mm), despite efficient maintenance of latent viral gene expression and episomal partitioning. this repression of ef1-α promoter-driven gfp exp ... | 2014 | 25402328 |
| trends in kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus antibodies prior to the development of hiv-associated kaposi's sarcoma: a nested case-control study. | hiv-associated kaposi's sarcoma (ks) is a public health challenge in sub-saharan africa since both the causative agent, kaposi's sarcoma associated-herpesvirus (kshv), and the major risk factor, hiv, are prevalent. in a nested case-control study within a long-standing clinical cohort in rural uganda, we used stored sera to examine the evolution of antibody titres against the kshv antigens k8.1 and latency-associated nuclear antigen (lana) among 30 hiv-infected subjects who subsequently developed ... | 2015 | 25395177 |
| diverse clinicopathologic features in human herpesvirus 8-associated lymphomas lead to diagnostic problems. | human herpesvirus 8 (hhv8)-associated lymphomas are uncommon, mainly affect men infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv), and usually have a poor prognosis. we sought to characterize the hhv8+ lymphomas seen at our institution since the mid-1990s. | 2014 | 25389336 |
| seroprevalence and determinants of kaposi sarcoma-associated human herpesvirus 8 in indian hiv-infected males. | in india kaposi's sarcoma is rarely seen in aids patients. hence the current belief is that the incidence of human herpesvirus-8 (hhv-8) is very low in this subcontinent, most probably due to the heterosexual route of hiv transmission. however, there is a scarcity of data on the prevalence of hhv-8 in india. in india the primary mode of hiv transmission is the heterosexual route. therefore we aimed to determine the prevalence of antibodies against hhv-8 in north indian hiv-infected men naive of ... | 2014 | 25375960 |
| pan's labyrinth: molecular biology of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) pan rna, a multifunctional long noncoding rna. | kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) is an oncogenic γ-herpesivrus, the causative agent of kaposi's sarcoma and body cavity lymphomas. during infection kshv produces a highly abundant long non-coding polyadenylated rna that is retained in the nucleus known as pan rna. long noncoding rnas (lncrna) are key regulators of gene expression and are known to interact with specific chromatin modification complexes, working in cis and trans to regulate gene expression. data strongly supports a m ... | 2014 | 25375885 |
| epidemiology and transmission of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus. | this review summarizes the current knowledge pertaining to kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) epidemiology and transmission. since the identification of kshv twenty years ago, it is now known to be associated with kaposi's sarcoma (ks), primary effusion lymphoma, and multicentric castleman's disease. many studies have been conducted to understand its epidemiology and pathogenesis and their results clearly show that the worldwide distribution of kshv is uneven. some geographical areas, ... | 2014 | 25375883 |
| long non-coding rna and epigenetic gene regulation of kshv. | kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv/human herpesvirus 8) is a γ-herpesvirus linked to kaposi's sarcoma (ks) and two lymphoproliferative disorders, primary effusion lymphoma (pel or body-cavity b-lymphoma [bcbl]) and a subset of multicentric castleman's disease. during lytic growth, pervasive viral transcription generating a variety of transcripts with uncertain protein-coding potential has been described on a genome-wide scale in β- and γ-herpesviruses. one class of such rnas is called ... | 2014 | 25375882 |
| viruses and disease: emerging concepts for prevention, diagnosis and treatment. | viruses cause a wide range of human diseases, ranging from acute self-resolving conditions to acute fatal diseases. effects that arise long after the primary infection can also increase the propensity for chronic conditions or lead to the development of cancer. recent advances in the fields of virology and pathology have been fundamental in improving our understanding of viral pathogenesis, in providing improved vaccination strategies and in developing newer, more effective treatments for patien ... | 2015 | 25366544 |
| current status of treatment for primary effusion lymphoma. | primary effusion lymphoma (pel) is a rare and aggressive b-cell non-hodgkin's lymphoma that usually presents with malignant effusions without tumor masses. an extracavitary or solid variant of pel has also been described. human herpes virus 8/kaposi sarcoma-associated herpes virus (hhv-8/kshv) is universally associated with the pathogenesis of pel. more than 70% of cases occur with concurrent epstein-barr virus infection, but its relation to the pathogenesis is unknown. patients are found in the ... | 2014 | 25364646 |
| high-throughput rna sequencing-based virome analysis of 50 lymphoma cell lines from the cancer cell line encyclopedia project. | using high-throughput rna sequencing data from 50 common lymphoma cell culture models from the cancer cell line encyclopedia project, we performed an unbiased global interrogation for the presence of a panel of 740 viruses and strains known to infect human and other mammalian cells. this led to the findings of previously identified infections by epstein-barr virus (ebv), kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus (kshv), and human t-lymphotropic virus type 1 (htlv-1). in addition, we also found a previously u ... | 2015 | 25355872 |
| primary effusion lymphoma presenting as a cutaneous intravascular lymphoma. | primary effusion lymphoma (pel) is a rare and aggressive lymphoma that arises in the context of immunosuppression and is characterized by co-infection with epstein-barr virus (ebv) and human herpesvirus-8/kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (hhv-8/kshv). it was originally described as arising in body cavity effusions, but presentation as a mass lesion (extracavitary pel) is now recognized. here, we describe a case of pel with an initial presentation as an intravascular lymphoma with associated ... | 2014 | 25355615 |
| primary kaposi sarcoma of penis in hiv negative patient. | primary kaposi sarcoma of penis is very rare. we will introduce a 47 years old male patient referred to our clinic from dermatology service, in this report. the patient suffered from itchy penile papules around coronal region. the lab tests had revealed a negative serology of hiv but tissue pcr was positive for human herpesvirus-8 (hhv8). histological findings were compatible with kaposi sarcoma. primary kaposi sarcoma of penis is rare but could occur in hiv negative patients. | 2012 | 25352975 |
| one hundred and five kaposi sarcoma patients: a clinical study in xinjiang, northwest of china. | kaposi's sarcoma (ks) is an unusual illness that may be associated with human herpes virus 8 (hhv-8) infections, and appears mainly in jews, italians and greeks. there is a lack of patient data in xinjiang regarding the clinical characteristics of ks. | 2014 | 25350316 |
| human viruses and cancer. | the first human tumor virus was discovered in the middle of the last century by anthony epstein, bert achong and yvonne barr in african pediatric patients with burkitt's lymphoma. to date, seven viruses -ebv, kshv, high-risk hpv, mcpv, hbv, hcv and htlv1- have been consistently linked to different types of human cancer, and infections are estimated to account for up to 20% of all cancer cases worldwide. viral oncogenic mechanisms generally include: generation of genomic instability, increase in ... | 2014 | 25341666 |
| interaction of kshv with host cell surface receptors and cell entry. | virus entry is a complex process characterized by a sequence of events. since the discovery of kshv in 1994, tremendous progress has been made in our understanding of kshv entry into its in vitro target cells. kshv entry is a complex multistep process involving viral envelope glycoproteins and several cell surface molecules that is utilized by kshv for its attachment and entry. kshv has a broad cell tropism and the attachment and receptor engagement on target cells have an important role in dete ... | 2014 | 25341665 |
| kshv mirnas decrease expression of lytic genes in latently infected pel and endothelial cells by targeting host transcription factors. | kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) micrornas are encoded in the latency-associated region. knockdown of kshv mir-k12-3 and mir-k12-11 increased expression of lytic genes in bc-3 cells, and increased virus production from latently infected bcbl-1 cells. furthermore, islk cells infected with mir-k12-3 and mir-k12-11 deletion mutant viruses displayed increased spontaneous reactivation and were more sensitive to inducers of reactivation than cells infected with wild type kshv. predicted ... | 2014 | 25341664 |
| kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus induces nrf2 during de novo infection of endothelial cells to create a microenvironment conducive to infection. | kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) is the etiological agent of kaposi's sarcoma (ks) and primary effusion b-cell lymphoma. kshv induces reactive oxygen species (ros) early during infection of human dermal microvascular endothelial (hmvec-d) cells that are critical for virus entry. one of the downstream targets of ros is nuclear factor e2-related factor 2 (nrf2), a transcription factor with important anti-oxidative functions. here, we show that ks skin lesions have high nrf2 activity ... | 2014 | 25340789 |
| unique expression pattern of viral proteins in human herpesvirus 8-positive plasmablastic lymphoma: a case report. | human herpesvirus 8 (hhv8)-positive plasmablastic lymphoma is a disease which correlates with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids). little is known about the pathogenesis of the disease due to its rarity. we report an autopsy case about aids related hhv-8-positive plasmablastic lymphoma and presents an examination about hhv8 related proteins for the disease by using immunohistochemical techniques. | 2014 | 25337302 |
| the seroprevalence of kaposi's sarcoma associated herpes virus and human herpes virus-6 in pediatric patients with cancer and healthy children in a turkish pediatric oncology center. | many studies have tried to be establish a pathogenic role for human herpesvirus-6 and -8 (hhv-6, hhv-8) in malignant diseases, but whether these viruses plays a role in these pathologies remains unclear. hhv-6 and hhv-8 seropositivity were shown in a healthy population. there is no published data in turkey about seroprevalence of these viruses. we aimed to determine the seroprevalence of hhv-6 and hhv-8 in pediatric cancer patients and to compare with healthy turkish children's viral seroprevale ... | 2014 | 25336794 |
| kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus-encoded replication and transcription activator impairs innate immunity via ubiquitin-mediated degradation of myeloid differentiation factor 88. | kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) is a human gammaherpesvirus with latent and lytic reactivation cycles. the mechanism by which kshv evades the innate immune system to establish latency has not yet been precisely elucidated. toll-like receptors (tlrs) are the first line of defense against viral infections. myeloid differentiation factor 88 (myd88) is a key adaptor that interacts with all tlrs except tlr3 to produce inflammatory factors and type i interferons (ifns), which are centra ... | 2014 | 25320320 |
| activation of p90 ribosomal s6 kinases by orf45 of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus is critical for optimal production of infectious viruses. | we have previously shown that orf45, an immediate-early and tegument protein of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv), causes sustained activation of p90 ribosomal s6 kinases (rsks) and extracellular regulated kinase (erk) (e. kuang, q. tang, g. g. maul, and f. zhu, j virol 82:1838-1850, 2008, http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.02119-07). we now have identified the critical region of orf45 that is involved in rsk interaction and activation. alanine scanning mutagenesis of this region reveale ... | 2015 | 25320298 |
| classic kaposi's sarcoma treated with topical rapamycin. | kaposi's sarcoma (ks) is an angioproliferative disorder caused by human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8). current research efforts have focused on the study of the relative role of kshv-encoded genes in kaposi's sarcomagenesis in order to identify novel mechanism-based therapies for patients suffering from this tumor. although several viral genes have potential for ks pathogenesis, compelling data point to the kshv-encoded g protein-coupled receptor (vgpcr) as a leading candidate viral gene for the initiat ... | 2015 | 25314592 |
| diagnosis and management of castleman disease. | castleman disease is an uncommon lymphoproliferative disorder characterized as either unicentric or multicentric. unicentric castleman disease (ucd) is localized and carries an excellent prognosis, whereas multicentric castleman disease (mcd) is a systemic disease occurring most commonly in the setting of hiv infection and is associated with human herpesvirus 8. mcd has been associated with considerable morbidity and mortality, and the therapeutic landscape for its management continues to evolve ... | 2014 | 25310208 |
| human herpesviruses-encoded dutpases: a family of proteins that modulate dendritic cell function and innate immunity. | we have previously shown that epstein-barr virus (ebv)-encoded dutpase can modulate innate immune responses through the activation of tlr2 and nf-κb signaling. however, whether this novel immune function of the dutpase is specific for ebv or a common property of the herpesviridae family is not known. in this study, we demonstrate that the purified viral dutpases encoded by herpes simplex virus type 2 (hsv-2), human herpesvirus-6a (hhv-6a), human herpesvirus-8 (hhv-8) and varicella-zoster virus ( ... | 2014 | 25309527 |
| small molecule growth inhibitors of human oncogenic gammaherpesvirus infected b-cells. | epstein-barr virus (ebv) and kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) are two human gammaherpesviruses associated with a broad spectrum of b-cell lymphomas, most acutely in immuno-compromised populations. however, there are no drugs which specifically target kshv or ebv-associated lymphomas. to identify small molecules which selectively inhibit the growth of ebv or kshv-associated b-cell lines, we performed a fluorescence based high-throughput screen on multiple stable gfp expressing virus ... | 2015 | 25306391 |
| lymphoid hyperplasia and lymphoma in kshv k1 transgenic mice. | growing evidence supports the involvement of human herpervirus 8, kaposi's sarcoma associated herpesvirus (kshv), in the pathology of primary effusion lymphoma, multicentric castleman's disease, and kaposi's sarcoma, but the exact mechanism of kshv contribution to the oncogenic process remains elusive. we studied transgenic mice expressing the orf k1 of kshv, whose position in the kshv genome corresponds to known lymphoproliferative genes of other herpesviruses. k1 protein was previously shown t ... | 2015 | 25301266 |
| glutamate secretion and metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 expression during kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus infection promotes cell proliferation. | kaposi's sarcoma associated herpesvirus (kshv) is etiologically associated with endothelial kaposi's sarcoma (ks) and b-cell proliferative primary effusion lymphoma (pel), common malignancies seen in immunocompromised hiv-1 infected patients. the progression of these cancers occurs by the proliferation of cells latently infected with kshv, which is highly dependent on autocrine and paracrine factors secreted from the infected cells. glutamate and glutamate receptors have emerged as key regulator ... | 2014 | 25299066 |
| acetylation changes at lysine 5 of histone h4 associated with lytic gene promoters during reactivation of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus. | kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) is a pathogenic agent of kaposi's sarcoma, primary effusion lymphoma and multicentric castleman's disease in humans. similarly to other gammaherpesviruses such as epstein-barr virus (ebv) and herpesvirus saimiri (hvs), kshv displays two alternative life cycles, latent and lytic one. the transactivation from latency to the lytic phase is the result of transcriptional changes in the kshv genome caused by the replication and transcriptional activator ( ... | 2014 | 25283865 |
| utilising proteomic approaches to understand oncogenic human herpesviruses (review). | the γ-herpesviruses epstein-barr virus and kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus are successful pathogens, each infecting a large proportion of the human population. these viruses persist for the life of the host and may each contribute to a number of malignancies, for which there are currently no cures. large-scale proteomic-based approaches provide an excellent means of increasing the collective understanding of the proteomes of these complex viruses and elucidating their numerous interactio ... | 2014 | 25279171 |
| kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus downregulates transforming growth factor β2 to promote enhanced stability of capillary-like tube formation. | kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) is the etiologic agent of kaposi's sarcoma (ks), the most common tumor of aids patients worldwide. a key characteristic of ks tumors is extremely high levels of vascular slits and extravasated red blood cells, making neoangiogenesis a key component of the tumor. the main ks tumor cell is the spindle cell, a cell of endothelial origin that maintains kshv predominantly in the latent state. in cultured endothelial cells, latent kshv infection induces a ... | 2014 | 25275137 |
| human dna tumor viruses generate alternative reading frame proteins through repeat sequence recoding. | kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) and epstein-barr virus (ebv) are human dna tumor viruses that express nuclear antigens [latency-associated nuclear antigen 1 (lana1) and epstein-barr nuclear antigen 1 (ebna1)] necessary to maintain and replicate the viral genome. we report here that both lana1 and ebna1 undergo highly efficient +1/-2 programmed ribosomal frameshifting to generate previously undescribed alternative reading frame (arf) proteins in their repeat regions. ebna1(arf) enc ... | 2014 | 25271323 |
| sumo and kshv replication. | small ubiquitin-related modifier (sumo) modification was initially identified as a reversible post-translational modification that affects the regulation of diverse cellular processes, including signal transduction, protein trafficking, chromosome segregation, and dna repair. increasing evidence suggests that the sumo system also plays an important role in regulating chromatin organization and transcription. it is thus not surprising that double-stranded dna viruses, such as kaposi's sarcoma-ass ... | 2014 | 25268162 |
| spectrum of activity and mechanisms of resistance of various nucleoside derivatives against gammaherpesviruses. | the susceptibilities of gammaherpesviruses, including epstein-barr virus (ebv), kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv), and animal rhadinoviruses, to various nucleoside analogs was investigated in this work. besides examining the antiviral activities and modes of action of antivirals currently marketed for the treatment of alpha- and/or betaherpesvirus infections (including acyclovir, ganciclovir, penciclovir, foscarnet, and brivudin), we also investigated the structure-activity relation ... | 2014 | 25267682 |
| microvenular hemangioma: a clinicopathologic review of 13 cases. | microvenular hemangioma is an uncommon benign vascular tumor that can potentially be mistaken for malignancy. | 2014 | 25263662 |
| kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus micrornas induce metabolic transformation of infected cells. | altered cell metabolism is inherently connected with pathological conditions including cancer and viral infections. kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) is the etiological agent of kaposi's sarcoma (ks). ks tumour cells display features of lymphatic endothelial differentiation and in their vast majority are latently infected with kshv, while a small number are lytically infected, producing virions. latently infected cells express only a subset of viral genes, mainly located within the ... | 2014 | 25255370 |
| exploitation of the complement system by oncogenic kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus for cell survival and persistent infection. | during evolution, herpesviruses have developed numerous, and often very ingenious, strategies to counteract efficient host immunity. specifically, kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) eludes host immunity by undergoing a dormant stage, called latency wherein it expresses a minimal number of viral proteins to evade host immune activation. here, we show that during latency, kshv hijacks the complement pathway to promote cell survival. we detected strong deposition of complement membrane ... | 2014 | 25254972 |
| p130cas scaffolds the signalosome to direct adaptor-effector cross talk during kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus trafficking in human microvascular dermal endothelial cells. | kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) interacts with cell surface receptors, such as heparan sulfate, integrins (α3β1, αvβ3, and αvβ5), and ephrina2 (epha2), and activates focal adhesion kinase (fak), src, phosphoinositol 3-kinase (pi3-k), c-cbl, and rhoa gtpase signal molecules early during lipid raft (lr)-dependent productive macropinocytic entry into human dermal microvascular endothelial cells. our recent studies have identified cib1 as a signal amplifier facilitating epha2 phosphor ... | 2014 | 25253349 |
| functional analysis of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus vflip expression reveals a new mode of ires-mediated translation. | kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) is an oncogenic virus, the etiological agent of kaposi's sarcoma (ks) and primary effusion lymphoma (pel). one of the key viral proteins that contributes to tumorigenesis is vflip, a viral homolog of the flice inhibitory protein. this kshv protein interacts with the nfκb pathway to trigger the expression of antiapoptotic and proinflammatory genes and ultimately leads to tumor formation. the expression of vflip is regulated at the translational level ... | 2014 | 25246653 |
| contribution of viral mimics of cellular genes to kshv infection and disease. | kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv, also named human herpesvirus 8 hhv-8) is the cause of kaposi sarcoma (ks), the most common malignancy in hiv-infected individuals worldwide, primary effusion lymphoma (pel) and multicentric castleman disease (mcd). kshv is a double-stranded dna virus that encodes several homologues of cellular proteins. the structural similarity between viral and host proteins explains why some viral homologues function as their host counterparts, but sometimes at u ... | 2014 | 25243371 |
| [fatal hhv-8-associated hemophagocytic syndrome in an hiv-negative patient]. | 2014 | 25239145 | |
| efficient lytic induction of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) by the anthracyclines. | lytic induction of latent kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) has been considered as a therapeutic option for efficient treatment of several kshv-associated malignancies. here, we developed a robust high-throughput screening system that allows an easy and quantitative measurement of lytic induction of latent kshv and discovered three anthracyclines as potent inducers from screen of fda-approved drugs. lytic induction of latent kshv by three compounds was verified by the significant in ... | 2014 | 25237786 |
| oncogenic viruses associated with vulva cancer in hiv-1 patients in botswana. | oncoviruses such as hpv, kshv, and ebv have been reported in patients with hiv infection and aids. how oncovirus-associated cancers rise in aids patients has not been fully established. the purpose of our study was to identify the viral agents in vulvar cancer and to assess their contribution to pathogenesis. | 2014 | 25225572 |
| dendritic cells: key players in human herpesvirus 8 infection and pathogenesis. | human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8; kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus) is an oncogenic gammaherpesvirus that primarily infects cells of the immune and vascular systems. hhv-8 interacts with and targets professional antigen presenting cells and influences their function. infection alters the maturation, antigen presentation, and immune activation capabilities of certain dendritic cells (dc) despite non-robust lytic replication in these cells. dc sustains a low level of antiviral functionality durin ... | 2014 | 25221546 |
| four levels of hierarchical organization, including noncovalent chainmail, brace the mature tumor herpesvirus capsid against pressurization. | like many double-stranded dna viruses, tumor gammaherpesviruses epstein-barr virus and kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus withstand high internal pressure. bacteriophage hk97 uses covalent chainmail for this purpose, but how this is achieved noncovalently in the much larger gammaherpesvirus capsid is unknown. our cryoelectron microscopy structure of a gammaherpesvirus capsid reveals a hierarchy of four levels of organization: (1) within a hexon capsomer, each monomer of the major capsid pro ... | 2014 | 25220471 |
| clinical and experimental study of castleman disease in children. | castleman disease (cd) is a rare lymphoproliferative disease that is often underdiagnosed or misdiagnosed, especially in children. for this reason, we describe the clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of cd in 11 children. | 2015 | 25213773 |
| the role of kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus in the pathogenesis of kaposi sarcoma. | kaposi sarcoma (ks) is an unusual vascular tumour caused by an oncogenic-herpesvirus, kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv), also known as human herpesvirus 8 (hhv 8). ks lesions are characterized by an abundant inflammatory infiltrate, the presence of kshv-infected endothelial cells that show signs of aberrant differentiation, as well as faulty angiogenesis/ vascularization. here we discuss the molecular mechanisms that lead to the development of these histological features of ks, with a ... | 2015 | 25212381 |
| pet/ct presentation of primary effusion lymphoma-like lymphoma unrelated to human herpes virus 8, a rare nhl subtype. | we present a 71-year-old female with human herpes virus 8 (hhv8)-unrelated primary effusion lymphoma (pel)-like lymphoma. dyspnea and pericardial effusion led to pericardiocentesis, diagnosing diffuse large b-cell lymphoma. she underwent positron emission tomography/computed tomography (pet/ct), which demonstrated hypermetabolic pericardial, pleural, and ascites fluid without lymphadenopathy elsewhere. malignant fluid in the absence of lymphadenopathy is a hallmark of pel. pel is associated with ... | 2014 | 25210290 |
| human herpesvirus-8 and hepatitis b and c virus infections in pemphigus. | 2014 | 25209723 | |
| causative agents of kikuchi-fujimoto disease (histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis): a meta-analysis. | kikuchi-fujimoto disease (kfd) is a self-limiting disorder characterized by histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis in the cervical lymph nodes of young women. although an infectious etiology has been postulated, a definitive causative agent has not been identified. the few dozens of published studies are limited by small sample size and poorly structured study designs. the purpose of this study is to evaluate the association of each infectious agent to kfd that has been studied. | 2014 | 25200851 |
| high-level human herpesvirus-8 viremia and multicentric castleman's disease following initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy. | 2014 | 25197975 | |
| kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus promotes tumorigenesis by modulating the hippo pathway. | kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) is an oncogenic virus and the culprit behind the human disease kaposi sarcoma (ks), an aids-defining malignancy. kshv encodes a viral g-protein-coupled receptor (vgpcr) critical for the initiation and progression of ks. in this study, we identified that yap/taz, two homologous oncoproteins inhibited by the hippo tumor suppressor pathway, are activated in kshv-infected cells in vitro, ks-like mouse tumors and clinical human ks specimens. the kshv-encod ... | 2015 | 25195862 |
| activation of nf-κb by the kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus k15 protein involves recruitment of the nf-κb-inducing kinase, iκb kinases, and phosphorylation of p65. | kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus (kshv) (or human herpesvirus 8) is the cause of kaposi's sarcoma, primary effusion lymphoma (pel), and the plasma cell variant of multicentric castleman's disease (mcd). the transmembrane k15 protein, encoded by kshv, has been shown to activate nf-κb and the mitogen-activated protein kinases (mapks) c-jun-n-terminal kinase (jnk) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (erk) as well as phospholipase c gamma (plcγ) and to contribute to kshv-induced angiogenesis. here ... | 2014 | 25187543 |
| acroangiodermatitis (pseudo-kaposi's sarcoma) in an hiv sero-positive patient with syphilis and hepatitis c virus coinfection: clinical and dermatopathological features. | acroangiodermatitis is an angioproliferative disease usually related to chronic venous insufficiency, and it is considered a clinical and histological simulator of kaposi's sarcoma (ks). immunohistochemistry is the suitable method to differentiate between these two entities. it reveals the following immunostaining profile: immunopositivity with anti-cd34 antibody is restricted to the vascular endothelium in acroangiodermatitis, and diffuse in the ks (endothelial cells and perivascular spindle ce ... | 2015 | 25184919 |
| human herpesvirus 8 induces polyfunctional b lymphocytes that drive kaposi's sarcoma. | kaposi's sarcoma (ks) is an unusual neoplasia wherein the tumor consists primarily of endothelial cells infected with human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8; kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus) that are not fully transformed but are instead driven to excess proliferation by inflammatory and angiogenic factors. this oncogenic process has been postulated but unproven to depend on a paracrine effect of an abnormal excess of host cytokines and chemokines produced by hhv-8-infected b lymphocytes. using newl ... | 2014 | 25182322 |
| concomitant kaposi sarcoma and multicentric castleman's disease in a heart transplant recipient. | post-transplant human herpes virus -8 (hhv-8)/kaposi sarcoma herpes virus (kshv) infection is associated with neoplastic and non-neoplastic diseases. kaposi sarcoma (ks), multicentric castleman's disease (mcd), and primary effusion lymphomas (pel) are the most common hhv-8-associated neoplastic complications described in solid organ transplant (sot) patients. concurrent ks and mcd have been previously described after transplantation only twice - once after liver transplantation and once after re ... | 2014 | 25169666 |
| fluorescent tagging and cellular distribution of the kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus orf45 tegument protein. | kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv), also known as human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8), is a cancer-related human virus, classified as a member of the gammaherpesvirinae subfamily. we report here the construction of a dual fluorescent-tagged kshv genome (bac16-mcherry-orf45), which constitutively expresses green fluorescent protein (gfp) and contains the tegument multifunctional orf45 protein as a fusion protein with monomeric cherry fluorescent protein (mcherry). we confirmed that this virus ... | 2014 | 25165104 |
| changes in nucleosome occupancy occur in a chromosome specific manner. | in the eukaryotic nucleus, dna is packaged into chromatin. the fundamental subunit of chromatin is the nucleosome, dna is wrapped 1.6 times around a histone octamer core. nuclear processes in eukaryotes are impacted by whether regulatory dna is occupied by nucleosomes. we used microarrays to measure nucleosome occupancy in human cells post kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) reactivation at hundreds of immunity-related loci. the detailed analysis of these technologies can be found in ... | 2014 | 25152865 |
| a multiplex panel of plasma markers of immunity and inflammation in classical kaposi sarcoma. | kaposi sarcoma (ks) risk is affected by perturbed immunity. herein, we compared plasma from 15 human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-negative classic ks cases to plasma from 29 matched controls, using a multiplex panel of immunity markers. of 70 markers, cxcl10 (ip-10), sil-1rii, sil-2ra, and ccl3 (mip-1a) were strongly and significantly associated with ks, after adjustment for age and smoking status. these and previous observations are consistent with a tumor-promoting role for these cytokines, pa ... | 2015 | 25149762 |
| organization of capsid-associated tegument components in kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus. | capsid-associated tegument proteins have been identified in alpha- and betaherpesviruses to play an essential role in viral dna packaging. whether and how such tegument proteins exist in gammaherpesviruses have been mysteries. here, we report a 6-å-resolution cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-em) structure of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) virion, a member of the oncogenic gammaherpesvirus subfamily. the kshv virion structure reveals, for the first time, how capsid-associated tegume ... | 2014 | 25142590 |
| coinfection with human herpesvirus 8 is associated with persistent inflammation and immune activation in virologically suppressed hiv-infected patients. | infection with co-pathogens is one of the postulated factors contributing to persistent inflammation and non-aids events in virologically-suppressed hiv-infected patients. we aimed to investigate the relationship of human herpesvirus-8 (hhv-8), a vasculotropic virus implicated in the pathogenesis of kaposi's sarcoma, with inflammation and subclinical atherosclerosis in hiv-infected patients. | 2014 | 25133669 |
| tyrosine 129 of the murine gammaherpesvirus m2 protein is critical for m2 function in vivo. | a common strategy shared by all known gammaherpesviruses is their ability to establish a latent infection in lymphocytes--predominantly in b cells. in immunocompromised patients, such as transplant recipients or aids patients, gammaherpesvirus infections can lead to the development of lymphoproliferative disease and lymphoid malignancies. the human gamma-herpesviruses, ebv and kshv, encode proteins that are capable of modulating the host immune signaling machinery, thereby subverting host immune ... | 2014 | 25122496 |
| high seroprevalence of human herpesvirus type 8 infection in males with advanced lung carcinoma. | human herpesvirus type 8 (hhv-8) dna is consistently found in all types of kaposi's sarcoma, which is prevalent in immunocompromised patients. patients with advanced lung carcinoma often showed immunologic abnormalities, and prevalence of hhv-8 infection is unclear. in this study, blood samples from 109 lung carcinoma patients and 109 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were analyzed for lymphocyte and monocyte counts, and for antibody, dna, and genotype of hhv-8. lung carcinoma patients had s ... | 2015 | 25119669 |
| detection of kaposi's sarcoma associated herpesvirus nucleic acids using a smartphone accessory. | kaposi's sarcoma (ks) is an infectious cancer occurring in immune-compromised patients, caused by kaposi's sarcoma associated herpesvirus (kshv). our vision is to simplify the process of ks diagnosis through the creation of a smartphone based point-of-care system capable of yielding an actionable diagnostic readout starting from a raw biopsy sample. in this work we develop the sensing mechanism for the overall system, a smartphone accessory capable of detecting kshv nucleic acids. the accessory ... | 2014 | 25117534 |
| a systems biology approach identified different regulatory networks targeted by kshv mir-k12-11 in b cells and endothelial cells. | kaposi's sarcoma associated herpes virus (kshv) is associated with tumors of endothelial and lymphoid origin. during latent infection, kshv expresses mir-k12-11, an ortholog of the human tumor gene hsa-mir-155. both gene products are micrornas (mirnas), which are important post-transcriptional regulators that contribute to tissue specific gene expression. advances in target identification technologies and molecular interaction databases have allowed a systems biology approach to unravel the gene ... | 2014 | 25106478 |
| [successful treatment with oral low-dose sobuzoxane and etoposide combined with rituximab in an elderly patient with hhv-8-negative primary effusion lymphoma-like lymphoma]. | primary effusion lymphoma (pel) is a rare b-cell lymphoma, characterized by human herpes virus 8 (hhv8) infection and serous effusions without detectable tumor masses. however, cases with hhv8 unrelated pel have also been reported, mainly in japan, and these are referred to as pel-like lymphoma (pel-ll). we describe a 70-year-old man with cardiac comorbidity who developed pel-ll with pleural effusion. the patient achieved a complete response (cr) after treatment with oral low-dose sobuzoxane and ... | 2014 | 25098519 |
| human immunodeficiency virus-associated multicentric castleman disease refractory to antiretroviral therapy: clinical features, treatment and outcome. | human immunodeficiency virus (hiv)-associated multicentric castleman disease (mcd) is a lymphoproliferation associated with human herpes virus-8 (hhv-8). optimal treatment in patients not responding to antiretroviral therapy (art) is undefined. we report 12 patients with art refractory hiv-mcd. patients with hiv-mcd were identified and baseline characteristics, treatment and outcome considered. median cd4 count at hiv-mcd diagnosis was 295 (60-950) cells/ml. all patients had waxing and waning sy ... | 2015 | 25093377 |
| multiplex pcr/mass spectrometry screening of biological carcinogenic agents in human mammary tumors. | while many studies have suggested a possible link between breast cancer pathogenesis and infection by viruses, the role of viruses in breast carcinogenesis remains controversial. | 2014 | 25088618 |
| changes in the pattern of kaposi's sarcoma at ocean road cancer institute in tanzania (2006-2011). | tanzania has high human immunodeficiency virus and human herpes virus-8 rates linked to kaposi's sarcoma. we conducted a study at the ocean road cancer institute in dar es salaam, tanzania to examine changes in proportions of kaposi's sarcoma to all cancers over the period (2006-2011) of increased acquired immune deficiency syndrome management by anti-retroviral therapy. we included 1504 kaposi's sarcoma cases from ocean road cancer institute and abstracted information regarding age, gender, hum ... | 2015 | 25080290 |
| human herpesvirus 8 viral interleukin-6 signaling through gp130 promotes virus replication in primary effusion lymphoma and endothelial cells. | the contributions of human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8) viral interleukin-6 (vil-6) to virus biology remain unclear. here we examined the role of vil-6/gp130 signaling in hhv-8 productive replication in primary effusion lymphoma and endothelial cells. depletion and depletion-complementation experiments revealed that endoplasmic reticulum-localized vil-6 activity via gp130 and gp130-activated signal transducer and activator of transcription (stat) signaling, but not extracellular signal-regulated kinase ... | 2014 | 25078695 |
| murine gammaherpesvirus 68 reactivation from b cells requires irf4 but not xbp-1. | gammaherpesviruses display tropism for b cells and, like all known herpesviruses, exhibit distinct lytic and latent life cycles. one well-established observation among members of the gammaherpesvirus family is the link between viral reactivation from latently infected b cells and plasma cell differentiation. importantly, a number of studies have identified a potential role for a creb/atf family member, x-box binding protein 1 (xbp-1), in trans-activating the immediate early bzlf-1 or brlf1/gene ... | 2014 | 25078688 |
| suspected metastatic adrenocortical carcinoma revealing as pulmonary kaposi sarcoma in adrenal cushing's syndrome. | kaposi sarcoma (ks) is a malignant disease most commonly diagnosed in the setting of a human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection and in patients receiving immunosuppressive treatment. pulmonary ks has never been reported in association with endogenous cushing's syndrome (cs). | 2014 | 25077599 |
| kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus lana recruits the dna polymerase clamp loader to mediate efficient replication and virus persistence. | kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) latently infects tumor cells and persists as a multiple-copy, extrachromosomal, circular episome. to persist, the viral genome must replicate with each cell cycle. the kshv latency-associated nuclear antigen (lana) mediates viral dna replication and persistence, but little is known regarding the underlying mechanisms. we find that lana recruits replication factor c (rfc), the dna polymerase clamp [proliferating cell nuclear antigen (pcna)] loader, t ... | 2014 | 25071216 |
| kshv attachment and entry are dependent on αvβ3 integrin localized to specific cell surface microdomains and do not correlate with the presence of heparan sulfate. | cellular receptors for kshv attachment and entry were characterized using tyramide signal amplification (tsa)-enhanced confocal microscopy. integrins αvβ3, αvβ5 and α3β1 were detected on essentially all the actin-based cell surface microdomains that initially bind kshv, while the presence of cd98 and heparan sulfate (hs), the putative attachment receptor, was more variable. kshv bound to the same cell surface microdomains with and without hs indicating that initial attachment of kshv is not depe ... | 2014 | 25063885 |
| pyrrolidinium fullerene induces apoptosis by activation of procaspase-9 via suppression of akt in primary effusion lymphoma. | primary effusion lymphoma (pel) is a subtype of non-hodgkin's b-cell lymphoma and is an aggressive neoplasm caused by kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) in immunosuppressed patients. in general, pel cells are derived from post-germinal center b-cells and are infected with kshv. to evaluate potential novel anti-tumor compounds against kshv-associated pel, seven water-soluble fullerene derivatives were evaluated as potential drug candidates for the treatment of pel. herein, we discover ... | 2014 | 25063029 |
| kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus orf18 and orf30 are essential for late gene expression during lytic replication. | kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) is associated with several human malignances. as saliva is likely the major vehicle for kshv transmission, we studied in vitro kshv infection of oral epithelial cells. through infection of two types of oral epithelial cells, normal human oral keratinocytes (nhoks) and papilloma-immortalized human oral keratinocyte (hok16b) cells, we found that kshv can undergo robust lytic replication in oral epithelial cells. by employing de novo lytic infection of ... | 2014 | 25056896 |
| siltuximab for multicentric castleman's disease: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. | multicentric castleman's disease is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder driven by dysregulated production of interleukin 6. no randomised trials have been done to establish the best treatment for the disease. we assessed the safety and efficacy of siltuximab-a chimeric monoclonal antibody against interleukin 6-in hiv-negative patients with multicentric castleman's disease. | 2014 | 25042199 |
| interplay between kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus and the innate immune system. | understanding of the innate immune response to viral infections is rapidly progressing, especially with regards to the detection of dna viruses. kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) is a large dsdna virus that is responsible for three human diseases: kaposi's sarcoma, primary effusion lymphoma and multicentric castleman's disease. the major target cells of kshv (b cells and endothelial cells) express a wide range of pattern recognition receptors (prrs) and play a central role in mobili ... | 2014 | 25037686 |
| lana binds to multiple active viral and cellular promoters and associates with the h3k4methyltransferase hset1 complex. | kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) is a γ-herpesvirus associated with ks and two lymphoproliferative diseases. recent studies characterized epigenetic modification of kshv episomes during latency and determined that latency-associated genes are associated with h3k4me3 while most lytic genes are associated with the silencing mark h3k27me3. since the latency-associated nuclear antigen (lana) (i) is expressed very early after de novo infection, (ii) interacts with transcriptional regula ... | 2014 | 25033463 |
| extracavitary primary effusion lymphoma initially presenting with hemophagocytic lymphohistocytosis. | 2014 | 25027567 | |
| disseminated kaposi's sarcoma in patients with hiv infection correlates to high serum levels of il-10. | human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8) is the etiologic agent of all kaposi's sarcoma (ks), the outcome of which is associated with immuno-dysregulation, resulting in the abnormal production of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. we quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay serum levels of interleukin (il)-10, il-17, interferon (ifn)-γ, and tumor necrosis factor (tnf)-α from patients with ks-aids, classic ks, and human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) without ks. a correlation between hhv-8 molecular ... | 2014 | 25026101 |
| thoracic diseases associated with hiv infection in the era of antiretroviral therapy: clinical and imaging findings. | the human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) pandemic has entered its 4th decade. since the introduction of combination antiretroviral therapy (art) in 1996, the number of aids-related deaths has plateaued worldwide. today, owing to the effectiveness of art, the hiv-infected population is aging and hiv infection has become a chronic illness. non-aids comorbidities are increasing, and the spectrum of hiv-related thoracic diseases is evolving. in developed c ... | 2017 | 25019430 |
| human herpesvirus 8 glycoprotein b binds the entry receptor dc-sign. | we have previously shown that human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8) uses dc-sign as an entry receptor for dendritic cells, macrophages and b cells. the viral attachment protein for dc-sign is unknown. hhv-8 virions contain five conserved herpesvirus glycoproteins, a single unique glycoprotein, and two predicted glycoproteins. previous studies have shown that dc-sign binds highly mannosylated glycoproteins. the hhv-8 glycoprotein b (gb) has been reported to be highly mannosylated, and therefore we hypothes ... | 2014 | 25018023 |
| sphingosine kinase-2 maintains viral latency and survival for kshv-infected endothelial cells. | phosphorylation of sphingosine by sphingosine kinases (sphk1 and sphk2) generates sphingosine-1-phosphate (s1p), a bioactive sphingolipid which promotes cancer cell survival and tumor progression in vivo. we have recently reported that targeting sphk2 induces apoptosis for human primary effusion lymphoma (pel) cell lines infected by the kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv), and this occurs in part through inhibition of canonical nf-κb activation. in contrast, pharmacologic inhibition o ... | 2014 | 25010828 |
| oncogenic herpesvirus kshv hijacks bmp-smad1-id signaling to promote tumorigenesis. | kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) is the etiological agent of kaposi's sarcoma (ks), a malignancy commonly found in aids patients. whether ks is a true neoplasm or hyperplasia has been a subject of intensive debate until recently when kshv is unequivocally shown to efficiently infect, immortalize and transform rat primary mesenchymal precursor cells (mm). moreover, kshv-transformed mm cells (kmm) efficiently induce tumors with hallmark features of ks when inoculated into nude mice. ... | 2014 | 25010525 |
| the role of micrornas in the control and mechanism of action of il-10. | recent studies have shown an important interplay between interleukin 10 (il-10) and micrornas. il-10 can be directly post-transcriptionally regulated by several microrna, including mir-106a, mir-4661, mir-98, mir-27, let7 and mir-1423p/5p. mirna targeting of il-10 has been suggested to play a role in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases such as sle, reperfusion injury and asthma. another mirna, mir-21, has been shown to indirectly regulate il-10 via downregulation of the il-10 inhibitor pdcd4. t ... | 2014 | 25004817 |
| claudin-2 downregulation by kshv infection is involved in the regulation of endothelial barrier function. | kaposi sarcoma (ks), caused by the infection of kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv), is a disease manifested mainly by dark purple skin and mouth nodules. cancer care studies showed that co-infection of kshv and human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) was able to increase the patients' survival, but the underlying mechanisms are still elusive. | 2014 | 24995964 |
| the rhesus rhadinovirus cd200 homologue affects immune responses and viral loads during in vivo infection. | rhesus macaque rhadinovirus (rrv) is a gammaherpesvirus of rhesus macaque (rm) monkeys that is closely related to human herpesvirus 8 (hhv-8)/kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv), and it is capable of inducing diseases in simian immunodeficiency virus (siv)-infected rm that are similar to those seen in humans coinfected with hiv and hhv-8. both hhv-8 and rrv encode viral cd200 (vcd200) molecules that are homologues of cellular cd200, a membrane glycoprotein that regulates immune respon ... | 2014 | 24991004 |
| primary effusion lymphoma in an elderly hiv-negative patient with hemodialysis: importance of evaluation for pleural effusion in patients receiving hemodialysis. | pleural effusion is a ubiquitous complication in hemodialysis (hd) patients. common etiologies of pleural effusion in this patient group are heart failure, volume overload, parapneumonic effusion, tuberculotic pleuritis, and uremic pleuritis. although thoracentesis is a useful diagnostic method of pleural effusion, empirical reduction of the dry weight is often attempted without thoracentesis because pleural effusion is commonly caused by volume overload and responds to the dry-weight reduction. ... | 2014 | 24987405 |
| broad-spectrum allosteric inhibition of herpesvirus proteases. | herpesviruses rely on a homodimeric protease for viral capsid maturation. a small molecule, dd2, previously shown to disrupt dimerization of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus protease (kshv pr) by trapping an inactive monomeric conformation and two analogues generated through carboxylate bioisosteric replacement (compounds 2 and 3) were shown to inhibit the associated proteases of all three human herpesvirus (hhv) subfamilies (α, β, and γ). inhibition data reveal that compound 2 has potenc ... | 2014 | 24977643 |
| kaposi sarcoma herpes virus latency associated nuclear antigen protein release the g2/m cell cycle blocks by modulating atm/atr mediated checkpoint pathway. | the kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus infects the human population and maintains latency stage of viral life cycle in a variety of cell types including cells of epithelial, mesenchymal and endothelial origin. the establishment of latent infection by kshv requires the expression of an unique repertoire of genes among which latency associated nuclear antigen (lana) plays a critical role in the replication of the viral genome. lana regulates the transcription of a number of viral and cellular ... | 2014 | 24972086 |
| helminth infection reactivates latent γ-herpesvirus via cytokine competition at a viral promoter. | mammals are coinfected by multiple pathogens that interact through unknown mechanisms. we found that helminth infection, characterized by the induction of the cytokine interleukin-4 (il-4) and the activation of the transcription factor stat6, reactivated murine γ-herpesvirus infection in vivo. il-4 promoted viral replication and blocked the antiviral effects of interferon-γ (ifnγ) by inducing stat6 binding to the promoter for an important viral transcriptional transactivator. il-4 also reactivat ... | 2014 | 24968940 |
| identification and characterization of two novel spliced genes located in the orf47-orf46-orf45 gene locus of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus. | the orf47-orf46-orf45 gene cluster of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) is known to serially encode glycoprotein l (gl), uracil dna glycosylase, and a viral tegument protein. here, we identify two novel mrna variants, orf47/45-a and orf47/45-b, alternatively spliced from a tricistronic orf47-orf46-orf45 mrna that is expressed in the orf47-orf46-orf45 gene locus during the early stages of viral reactivation. the spliced gene products, orf47/45-a and orf47/45-b, consist of only a part ... | 2014 | 24965448 |
| seroprevalence of human herpesvirus 8 and hepatitis c virus among drug users in shanghai, china. | to elucidate and compare the seroprevalence of human herpesvirus 8 (hhv8) and hepatitis c virus (hcv) among chinese drug users, a cross-sectional study of 441 participants, was conducted in shanghai, china, from 2012 through 2013. seventy-seven (17.5%) participants were found to be positive for hhv8 antibodies, while 271 (61.5%) participants were positive for hcv. no significant association between hhv8 seropositivity and drug use characteristics, sexual behaviors, hcv, or syphilis was observed. ... | 2014 | 24960274 |
| viral infections in mice with reconstituted human immune system components. | pathogenic viruses are often difficult to study due to their exclusive tropism for humans. the development of mice with human immune system components opens the possibility to study those human pathogens with a tropism for the human hematopoietic lineage in vivo. these include hcmv, ebv, kshv, hiv, htlv-1, dengue virus and jc virus. furthermore, some human pathogens, like hsv-2, adenovirus, hcv, hbv and influenza a virus, with an additional tropism for somatic mouse tissues or for additional tra ... | 2014 | 24953718 |
| hits-clip and par-clip advance viral mirna targetome analysis. | mirnas regulate gene expression by binding predominantly to the 3' untranslated region (utr) of target transcripts to prevent their translation and/or induce target degradation. in addition to the more than 1200 human mirnas, human dna tumor viruses such as kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv) and epstein-barr virus (ebv) encode mirnas. target predictions indicate that each mirna targets hundreds of transcripts, many of which are regulated by multiple mirnas. thus, target identificatio ... | 2014 | 24940765 |
| systematic analysis of human oncogenic viruses in colon cancer revealed ebv latency in lymphoid infiltrates. | environmental factors may play a role in colon cancer. in this view, several studies investigated tumor samples for the presence of various viral dna with conflicting results. | 2014 | 24936208 |
| the great mimickers: castleman disease. | castleman disease (cd) was first described and most commonly occurs in the form of classic hyaline-vascular-type cd with hyperenhancing localized (unicentric) nonneoplastic lymphadenopathy. cd may affect any body region including unusual locations for isolated lymph node enlargement. this makes cd a great mimicker of more common benign and malignant masses in the neck, chest, abdomen, and pelvis. cd masses commonly raise the suspicion of lymphoma, paraganglioma, neuroendocrine tumor, metastatic ... | 2014 | 24929266 |
| downregulation of irf4 induces lytic reactivation of kshv in primary effusion lymphoma cells. | primary effusion lymphoma (pel), associated with the latent infection by kshv, constitutively expresses interferon-regulatory factor 4 (irf4). we recently showed that irf4 differentially regulates expression of cellular interferon-stimulated genes (isgs) and viral genes (forero et al., 2013). here, using inducible irf4 knockdown, we demonstrate that irf4 silencing results in enhanced transcription of kshv replication transactivator rta. as a result viral transcription is increased leading to vir ... | 2014 | 24928034 |
| modulation of kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus interleukin-6 function by hypoxia-upregulated protein 1. | kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (kshv, also called human herpesvirus 8) is linked to the development of kaposi's sarcoma (ks), primary effusion lymphoma (pel), and multicentric castleman's disease (mcd). kshv expresses several proteins that modulate host cell signaling pathways. one of these proteins is viral interleukin-6 (vil-6), which is a homolog of human il-6 (hil-6). vil-6 is able to prevent apoptosis and promote proinflammatory signaling, angiogenesis, and cell proliferation. alth ... | 2014 | 24920810 |