Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
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| respiratory syncytial virus (rsv): neutralizing antibody, a correlate of immune protection. | assays that measure rsv-specific neutralizing antibody activity are very useful for evaluating vaccine candidates, performing seroprevalence studies, and detecting infection. neutralizing antibody activity is normally measured by a plaque reduction neutralization assay or by a microneutralization assay with or without complement. these assays measure the functional capacity of serum (or other fluids) to neutralize virus infectivity in cells as compared to elisa assays that only measure the bindi ... | 2016 | 27464689 |
| development of human monoclonal antibodies against respiratory syncytial virus using a high efficiency human hybridoma technique. | human monoclonal antibodies against rsv have high potential for use as prophylaxis or therapeutic molecules, and they also can be used to define the structure of protective epitopes for rational vaccine design. in the past, however, isolation of human monoclonal antibodies was difficult and inefficient. here, we describe contemporary methods for activation and proliferation of primary human memory b cells followed by cytofusion to non-secreting myeloma cells by dielectrophoresis to generate huma ... | 2016 | 27464688 |
| secretory expression and purification of respiratory syncytial virus g and f proteins in human cells. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is one of the leading causes of range of symptoms from mild upper to serious lower respiratory virus infections in infants, immunocompromised individuals, and the elderly. despite many decades of research and development, a licensed rsv vaccine is not available for use in human. since the rsv f and g proteins induce neutralizing antibodies and confer protection from infection, they are important for understanding disease and for developing vaccines and access to ... | 2016 | 27464687 |
| detection of rsv antibodies in human plasma by enzyme immunoassays. | enzyme immunoassays (eias) to detect and quantify antibodies against respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and rsv proteins in human plasma or sera are described. the first eia uses rsv lysate antigens produced in hep-2 cell line. the second eia uses rsv f or g gene-expressed antigen in hep-2 cells. the third eia uses 30-amino acid synthetic peptides from central conserved region of g protein of rsv a2 or rsv b1 virus and a peptide from the sars cov nucleoprotein as a negative control peptide. all t ... | 2016 | 27464686 |
| rsv growth and quantification by microtitration and qrt-pcr assays. | defective interfering viral particles have been reported as important determinants of the course of viral infection, and they can markedly temper the virulence of the infection. here, we describe a simple method, based on limiting dilution, for the removal of defective interfering particles from rsv. this method results in a high-titer viral preparation from both hep-2 and vero cell lines. we evaluated two concentrations of sucrose to stabilize the virus preparation, and demonstrate that rsv is ... | 2016 | 27464684 |
| human respiratory syncytial virus: an introduction. | human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is understood to be a significant human pathogen in infants, young children, and the elderly and the immunocompromised. over the last decade many important mechanisms contributing to rsv infection, replication, and disease pathogenesis have been revealed; however, there is still insufficient knowledge which has in part hampered vaccine development. considerable information is accumulating regarding how rsv proteins modulate molecular signaling and immune r ... | 2016 | 27464683 |
| structure-based design of head-only fusion glycoprotein immunogens for respiratory syncytial virus. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a significant cause of severe respiratory illness worldwide, particularly in infants, young children, and the elderly. although no licensed vaccine is currently available, an engineered version of the metastable rsv fusion (f) surface glycoprotein-stabilized in the pre-fusion (pre-f) conformation by "ds-cav1" mutations-elicits high titer rsv-neutralizing responses. moreover, pre-f-specific antibodies, often against the neutralization-sensitive antigenic site ... | 2016 | 27463224 |
| anti-respiratory syncytial virus compounds from two endophytic fungi isolated from nigerian medicinal plants. | background: respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is known to cause severe respiratory infections particularly in infants younger than 2 years of age. the only approved drug, ribavirin, is expensive and is not likely to improve therapeutic outcome, thereby necessitating the search for safer and more potent alternatives from natural sources such as endophytic fungi. the present study aimed to investigate the anti-rsv activity of compounds from endophytic fungi. methods: two endophytic fungi colletotr ... | 2016 | 27463031 |
| histone deacetylase inhibitors suppress rsv infection and alleviate virus-induced airway inflammation. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of lower respiratory tract infections in infants and young children. however, the majority of rsv-infected patients only show mild symptoms. different severities of infection and responses among the rsv-infected population indicate that epigenetic regulation as well as personal genetic background may affect rsv infectivity. histone deacetylase (hdac) is an important epigenetic regulator in lung diseases. the present study aimed to explore th ... | 2016 | 27460781 |
| incidence and etiology of hospitalized acute respiratory infections in the egyptian delta. | acute respiratory infections (ari) are responsible for nearly two million childhood deaths worldwide. a limited number of studies have been published on the epidemiology of viral respiratory pathogens in egypt. | 2017 | 27458989 |
| aqueous solutions of didecyldimethylammonium chloride and octaethylene glycol monododecyl ether: toward synergistic formulations against enveloped viruses. | micellization of di-n-decyldimethylammonium chloride, [dic10][cl], and octaethylene glycol monododecyl ether, c12e8, mixtures have been investigated by surface tension and conductivity measurements. from these results, various physicochemical and thermodynamic key parameters (e.g. micellar mole fraction of [dic10][cl], interaction parameter, free energy of micellization, etc.) have been evaluated and discussed in detail. the results prove high synergistic effect between the two surfactants. base ... | 2016 | 27452423 |
| proteoform-specific insights into cellular proteome regulation. | knowledge regarding compositions of proteomes at the proteoform level enhances insights into cellular phenotypes. a strategy is described herein for discovery of proteoform-specific information about cellular proteomes. this strategy involved analysis of data obtained by bottom-up mass spectrometry of multiple protein oge separations on a fraction by fraction basis. the strategy was exemplified using five matched sets of lysates of uninfected and human respiratory syncytial virus-infected a549 c ... | 2016 | 27451424 |
| ending preventable maternal and newborn deaths due to infection. | over 300,000 maternal deaths occur each year, 11% of which are thought to be due to infectious causes, and approximately one million newborns die within the first week of life annually due to infectious causes. infections in pregnancy may result in a variety of adverse obstetrical outcomes, including preterm delivery, pre-labor rupture of membranes, stillbirth, spontaneous abortion, congenital infection, and anomalies. this paper reviews the burden of disease due to key infections and their cont ... | 2016 | 27450868 |
| microrna-21 drives severe, steroid-insensitive experimental asthma by amplifying phosphoinositide 3-kinase-mediated suppression of histone deacetylase 2. | severe steroid-insensitive asthma is a substantial clinical problem. effective treatments are urgently required, however, their development is hampered by a lack of understanding of the mechanisms of disease pathogenesis. steroid-insensitive asthma is associated with respiratory tract infections and noneosinophilic endotypes, including neutrophilic forms of disease. however, steroid-insensitive patients with eosinophil-enriched inflammation have also been described. the mechanisms that underpin ... | 2017 | 27448447 |
| human amniotic fluid antibodies protect the neonate against respiratory syncytial virus infection. | 2016 | 27448445 | |
| prevailing genotype distribution and characteristics of human respiratory syncytial virus in northeastern china. | although human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is one of the most common viruses inducing respiratory tract infections in young children and the elderly, the genotype distribution and characteristics of rsv in northeastern china have not been investigated. here, we identified 25 rsv-a and 8 rsv-b strains from 80 samples of patients with respiratory infections between february 2015 and may 2015. all 25 rsv-a viruses were classified as the on1 genotype, which rapidly spread and became the domina ... | 2017 | 27448044 |
| influenza-like illness-related emergency department visits: christmas and new year holiday peaks and relationships with laboratory-confirmed respiratory virus detections, edmonton, alberta, 2004-2014. | emergency department (ed) visit volumes can be especially high during the christmas-new year holidays, a period occurring during the influenza season in canada. | 2017 | 27442911 |
| viral etiology and the impact of codetection in young children presenting with influenza-like illness. | children frequently had multiple respiratory viruses detected. although common, children with multiple viruses more frequently had cough and rhinorrhea. children with influenza and respiratory syncytial virus were hospitalized most frequently. routine screening and cohorting are recommended only for those with common respiratory pathogens. | 2016 | 27440506 |
| haze is a risk factor contributing to the rapid spread of respiratory syncytial virus in children. | this study investigated whether respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection in children was associated with ambient temperature and air pollutants in hangzhou, china. a distributed lag non-linear model (dlnm) was used to estimate the effects of daily meteorological data and air pollutants on the incidence of rsv infection among children. a total of 3650 childhood rsv infection cases were included in the study. the highest air pollutant concentrations were in january to may and october to decembe ... | 2016 | 27439752 |
| epidemiology and clinical characteristics of respiratory syncytial virus infections among children and adults in mexico. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a leading etiological agent of acute respiratory tract infections and hospitalizations in children. however, little information is available regarding rsv infections in latin american countries, particularly among adult patients. | 2016 | 27439650 |
| palivizumab for prophylaxis against respiratory syncytial virus infection in children with cystic fibrosis. | respiratory syncytial virus infection causes acute lung infection in infants and young children worldwide, resulting in considerable morbidity and mortality. children with cystic fibrosis are prone to recurrent lung inflammation, bacterial colonisation and subsequent chronic airway disease, putting them at risk for severe respiratory syncytial virus infections requiring intensive care and respiratory support. no treatment currently exists, hence prevention is important. palivizumab is effective ... | 2016 | 27439110 |
| codetection of respiratory syncytial virus in habituated wild western lowland gorillas and humans during a respiratory disease outbreak. | pneumoviruses have been identified as causative agents in several respiratory disease outbreaks in habituated wild great apes. based on phylogenetic evidence, transmission from humans is likely. however, the pathogens have never been detected in the local human population prior to or at the same time as an outbreak. here, we report the first simultaneous detection of a human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) infection in western lowland gorillas (gorilla gorilla gorilla) and in the local human ... | 2016 | 27436109 |
| pulmonary interstitial emphysema due to respiratory syncytial virus infection. | pulmonary interstitial emphysema (pie) primarily affects premature infants on positive pressure ventilation. pie is rarely reported in infants and children in the absence of mechanical ventilation and/or associated respiratory infection. we report a case of pie in a 22-month-old girl who had severe respiratory distress due to respiratory syncytial virus infection. chest computed tomography showed cystic lung lesions mimicking congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation. the cystic lesions spontan ... | 2016 | 27435178 |
| observed effectiveness of palivizumab for 29-36-week gestation infants. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a common reason for hospitalization of infants. in clinical trials, palivizumab reduced rsv hospitalization rates for premature infants. the 2014 american academy of pediatrics clinical practice guideline advised against use of palivizumab for otherwise healthy infants ≥29 weeks' gestation. the aim of this study was to determine the effect of palivizumab administration on hospitalization rates for rsv and bronchiolitis without rsv diagnosis among infants 29 t ... | 2016 | 27432850 |
| design and validation of small interfering rna on respiratory syncytial virus m2-2 gene: a potential approach in rna interference on viral replication. | human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of severe lower respiratory tract infection in infants and young children globally and is a significant pathogen of the elderly and immunocompromised. the m2-2 protein of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is particularly important in regulation of viral rna transcription and replication that could be a potential anti-viral candidate against rsv infection. in this study, we designed and validated sirnas that specifically target the rsv ... | 2016 | 27432115 |
| respiratory syncytial virus outbreak on an adult stem cell transplant unit. | an increase in respiratory syncytial virus type b (rsv-b) infections was detected on an adult hematology/oncology and stem cell transplant unit during march 2015. this prompted an outbreak investigation. | 2016 | 27430734 |
| acute viral respiratory infections among children in mers-endemic riyadh, saudi arabia, 2012-2013. | the emergence of the middle east respiratory syndrome (mers) in saudi arabia has intensified focus on acute respiratory infections [aris]. this study sought to identify respiratory viruses (rvs) associated with aris in children presenting at a tertiary hospital. children (aged ≤13) presenting with ari between january 2012 and december 2013 tested for 15 rvs using the seeplex(r) rv15 kit were retrospectively included. epidemiological data was retrieved from patient records. of the 2235 children t ... | 2017 | 27430485 |
| pathogen profiles and molecular epidemiology of respiratory viruses in japanese inpatients with community-acquired pneumonia. | the etiological profile of viruses among adult patients with community-acquired pneumonia (cap) has not been characterized yet. the aim of this study was twofold: first, investigate the pathogen profiles and the molecular epidemiology of respiratory viruses among japanese cap patients; and second, explore the clinical significance of viral infections. | 2016 | 27424825 |
| comparison of point-of-care-compatible lysis methods for bacteria and viruses. | nucleic acid sample preparation has been an especially challenging barrier to point-of-care nucleic acid amplification tests in low-resource settings. here we provide a head-to-head comparison of methods for lysis of, and nucleic acid release from, several pathogenic bacteria and viruses-methods that are adaptable to point-of-care usage in low-resource settings. digestion with achromopeptidase, a mixture of proteases and peptidoglycan-specific hydrolases, followed by thermal deactivation in a bo ... | 2016 | 27424294 |
| alveolar macrophages can control respiratory syncytial virus infection in the absence of type i interferons. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a common cause of lower respiratory tract infections. immunity to rsv is initiated upon detection of the virus by pattern recognition receptors, such as rig-i-like receptors. rig-i-like receptors signal via mavs to induce the synthesis of proinflammatory mediators, including type i interferons (ifns), which trigger and shape antiviral responses and protect cells from infection. alveolar macrophages (ams) are amongst the first cells to encounter invading virus ... | 2016 | 27423203 |
| restrictive palivizumab use does not lead to increased morbidity and mortality in pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplantation patients. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a common cause of infection in immunocompromised patients and can lead to significant morbidity and mortality in pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (hsct) patients and patients with a primary immune deficiency (pid). palivizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody that targets the f glycoprotein on the surface of the rsv virus, preventing rsv replication. palivizumab was initially licensed for the prevention of rsv infections in children at high ... | 2016 | 27422147 |
| incidence of medically attended respiratory syncytial virus and influenza illnesses in children 6-59 months old during four seasons. | background. respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and influenza are significant causes of seasonal respiratory illness in children. the incidence of influenza and rsv hospitalization is well documented, but the incidence of medically attended, laboratory-confirmed illness has not been assessed in a well defined community cohort. methods. children aged 6-59 months with medically attended acute respiratory illness were prospectively enrolled during the 2006-2007 through 2009-2010 influenza seasons i ... | 2016 | 27419158 |
| the role of human milk immunomodulators in protecting against viral bronchiolitis and development of chronic wheezing illness. | infants who are breastfed are at an immunological advantage when compared with formula fed infants, evidenced by decreased incidence of infections and diminished propensity for long term conditions, including chronic wheeze and/or asthma. exclusive breastfeeding reduces the duration of hospital admission, risk of respiratory failure and requirement for supplemental oxygen in infants hospitalised with bronchiolitis suggesting a potentially protective mechanism. this review examines the evidence a ... | 2015 | 27417364 |
| neutrophil infiltration and activation in bronchiolitic airways are independent of viral etiology. | hospitalization with bronchiolitis is linked to the development of early childhood chronic wheeze and asthma. viral etiology and severity of inflammation are potential contributing factors. previously we observed reduced airway neutrophil infiltration in breastfed bronchiolitic infants, with a corresponding reduction in disease severity. this study aimed to examine whether respiratory viral etiology and co-infection alters the pattern of neutrophil influx, and the inflammatory mediator profile, ... | 2017 | 27410761 |
| diterpenoid alkaloids from delphinium ajacis and their anti-rsv activities. | five new diterpenoid alkaloids, ajacisines a-e (1-5), were isolated from delphinium ajacis, along with seven known alkaloids (6-12). on the basis of their spectral data (ir, uv, hr-esi-ms, 1d and 2d nmr) and chemical properties, the structures of compounds 1-12 were identified. all isolated compounds were evaluated for their in vitro antiviral activities against respiratory syncytial virus, and compounds 3-5 and 8 exhibited moderate to weak effects with ic50 values of 75.2 ± 1.1, 35.1 ± 0.6, 10. ... | 2017 | 27405107 |
| spatial and temporal spread of acute viral respiratory infections in young children living in high-altitude rural communities: a prospective household-based study. | few studies have described patterns of transmission of viral acute respiratory infections (ari) in children in developing countries. we examined the spatial and temporal spread of viral ari among young children in rural peruvian highland communities. previous studies have described intense social interactions in those communities, which could influence the transmission of viral infections. | 2016 | 27404599 |
| partial comparison of the nxtag respiratory pathogen panel assay with the luminex xtag respiratory panel fast assay v2 and singleplex real-time polymerase chain reaction for detection of respiratory pathogens. | in this study, 185 nasopharyngeal swabs were tested to compare the sensitivity and specificity of the luminex nxtag (nxtag) respiratory pathogen panel (rpp) assay with those of the luminex respiratory virus panel (rvp) fast assay v2 and singleplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (pcr). the nxtag assay identified at least one infectious agent in 164 (88.7%) of the swabs. in 91 (6.2%) tests with negative results with the rvp fast assay v2, a virus was identified by the nxtag (p < 0.001). with ... | 2016 | 27401400 |
| il-12p40 gene-deficient balb/c mice exhibit lower weight loss, reduced lung pathology and decreased sensitization to allergen in response to infection with pneumonia virus of mice. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia in infants and pneumonia virus of mice (pvm) causes similar disease. balb/c mice are highly susceptible, while c57bl/6 mice are more resistant to pvm. il-12 was significantly more up-regulated in response to pvm infection in balb/c than in c57bl/6 mice. il-12p40-deficient neonatal and adult balb/c mice showed significantly less weight loss than wild-type mice after pvm challenge. the percentage of regulatory t cell ... | 2016 | 27400340 |
| gold nanorods inhibit respiratory syncytial virus by stimulating the innate immune response. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes severe pneumonia and bronchiolitis in infants, children and older adults. the use of metallic nanoparticles as potential therapeutics is being explored against respiratory viruses like influenza, parainfluenza and adenovirus. in this study, we showed that gold nanorods (gnrs) inhibit rsv in hep-2 cells and balb/c mice by 82% and 56%, respectively. the rsv inhibition correlated with marked upregulated antiviral genes due to gnr mediated tlr, nod-like recep ... | 2016 | 27381068 |
| nanobodies® as inhaled biotherapeutics for lung diseases. | local pulmonary delivery of biotherapeutics may offer advantages for the treatment of lung diseases. delivery of the therapeutic entity directly to the lung has the potential for a rapid onset of action, reduced systemic exposure and the need for a lower dose, as well as needleless administration. however, formulation of a protein for inhaled delivery is challenging and requires proteins with favorable biophysical properties suitable to withstand the forces associated with formulation, delivery, ... | 2017 | 27373507 |
| ct findings in viral lower respiratory tract infections caused by parainfluenza virus, influenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus. | viral lower respiratory tract infections (lrtis) can present with a variety of computed tomography (ct) findings. however, identifying the contribution of a particular virus to ct findings is challenging due to concomitant infections and the limited data on the ct findings in viral lrtis. we therefore investigate the ct findings in different pure viral lrtis.all patients who underwent bronchoalveolar lavage (bal) and were diagnosed with lrtis caused by parainfluenza virus (piv), influenza virus, ... | 2016 | 27368011 |
| inflammation and emphysema in cigarette smoke-exposed mice when instilled with poly (i:c) or infected with influenza a or respiratory syncytial viruses. | the length of time for cigarette smoke (cs) exposure to cause emphysema in mice is drastically reduced when cs exposure is combined with viral infection. however, the extent of inflammatory responses and lung pathologies of mice exposed to cs and infected with influenza a virus (iav), respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), or treated with the viral derivative dsrna (polyinosine-polycytidylic acid [poly (i:c)] have not been compared. | 2016 | 27363862 |
| temporal trends of respiratory syncytial virus-associated hospital and icu admissions across the united states. | to describe the regionality and seasonality of respiratory syncytial virus-associated hospital and icu admissions for 10 consecutive years using a national database. | 2016 | 27362856 |
| respiratory syncytial virus subtype on1/na1/ba9 predominates in hospitalized children with lower respiratory tract infections. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is the leading cause of acute respiratory tract disease in children less than 5 years old. the aim of this study was to further elucidate the molecular properties and clinical characteristics of rsv infection. the study sample included 238 patients <5 years old who were hospitalized with clinical symptoms of upper or lower respiratory tract infection (urti or lrti) in the pediatric department at the first people's hospital of chenzhou, south china in 2 ... | 2017 | 27358012 |
| risk factors associated with rsv hospitalisation in the first 2 years of life, among different subgroups of children in nsw: a whole-of-population-based cohort study. | data on risk factors for respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-associated hospitalisation in australian children may be informative for preventive measures. | 2016 | 27357197 |
| metagenomics study of viral pathogens in undiagnosed respiratory specimens and identification of human enteroviruses at a thailand hospital. | numerous pathogens cause respiratory infections with similar symptoms. routine diagnostics detect only a limited number of pathogens, leaving a gap in respiratory illness etiology surveillance. this study evaluated next-generation sequencing for unbiased pathogen identification. respiratory samples collected in thailand, philippines, bhutan, and nepal, that were negative by several molecular and immunofluorescence assays, underwent viral cultivation. samples which demonstrated cytopathic effect ... | 2016 | 27352877 |
| the impact of respiratory syncytial virus disease prevention on pediatric asthma. | 2016 | 27351360 | |
| differences in viral load among human respiratory syncytial virus genotypes in hospitalized children with severe acute respiratory infections in the philippines. | human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) is a leading viral etiologic agent of pediatric lower respiratory infections, including bronchiolitis and pneumonia. two antigenic subgroups, hrsv-a and b, each contain several genotypes. while viral load may vary among hrsv genotypes and affect the clinical course of disease, data are scarce regarding the actual differences among genotypes. therefore, this study estimated and compared viral load among na1 and on1 genotypes of hrsv-a and ba9 of hrsv-b. on ... | 2016 | 27350282 |
| a novel p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (mapk) specific inhibitor suppresses respiratory syncytial virus and influenza a virus replication by inhibiting virus-induced p38 mapk activation. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and influenza a virus are leading causes of acute lower respiratory infectious disease. respiratory diseases caused by rsv and influenza a virus result in serious economic burden and life-threatening disease for immunocompromised people. with the revelation that p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (mapk) activity in host cells is crucial for infection and replication of rsv and influenza a virus, inhibition of p38 mapk activity has been suggested as a potential ... | 2016 | 27346133 |
| an overview of infectious complications after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. | infections are the most common and significant cause of mortality and morbidity after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-hsct). the presence of neutropenia and mucosal damage are the leading risk factors in the early pre-engraftment phase. in the early post-engraftment phase, graft versus host disease (gvhd) induced infection risk is increased in addition to catheter related infections. in the late phase, in which reconstitution of cellular and humoral immunity continues, a ... | 2016 | 27344206 |
| virus infection facilitates the development of severe pneumonia in transplant patients with hematologic malignancies. | allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (hsct) is an effective therapy for patients with hematologic malignancies. severe pneumonia is associated with high mortality rate in hsct recipients. viral co-infection indicates a poor prognosis of hsct recipients. in this study, a total of 68 allogeneic hsct recipients were included. cytomegalovirus (cmv) and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection was assessed by testing peripheral blood and oropharynx swabs, respectively, collected in t ... | 2016 | 27340772 |
| a molecular epidemiological study of human respiratory syncytial virus in croatia, 2011-2014. | human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) causes common respiratory tract infections in infants, young children and the elderly. the diversity of hrsv strains circulating in croatia was investigated throughout a period of four consecutive years from march 2011-march 2014. the analysis was based on sequences from the second hypervariable region of the g gene. a predominance of hrsv group a was observed in the first three years of the study, while group b became slightly predominant during the firs ... | 2016 | 27340014 |
| azithromycin therapy during respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis: upper airway microbiome alterations and subsequent recurrent wheeze. | 2016 | 27339392 | |
| a clustering approach to identify severe bronchiolitis profiles in children. | although bronchiolitis is generally considered a single disease, recent studies suggest heterogeneity. we aimed to identify severe bronchiolitis profiles using a clustering approach. | 2016 | 27339060 |
| palivizumab adherence and outcomes in canadian aboriginal children. | aboriginal infants are at risk for serious respiratory infection. | 2016 | 27331856 |
| mortality due to respiratory syncytial virus. burden and risk factors. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most frequent cause of hospitalization and an important cause of death in infants in the developing world. the relative contribution of social, biologic, and clinical risk factors to rsv mortality in low-income regions is unclear. | 2017 | 27331632 |
| clinical characterization of influenza a and human respiratory syncytial virus among patients with influenza like illness. | influenza a and respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) has been recognized as a major cause of acute respiratory tract infection. h1n1 is one of the subtypes of influenza a, pandemic worldwide in july 2009, causing 18,449 deaths globally. to investigate the prevalence and clinical manifestation of the influenza a, h1n1pdm09, and rsv. throat/nasal swab collected from the patients of all age group either outpatients/inpatients having respiratory illness from 2 to 5 days. the clinical data were recorded ... | 2017 | 27329816 |
| setting a trap for respiratory viruses. | 2016 | 27327437 | |
| discovery of piperazinylquinoline derivatives as novel respiratory syncytial virus fusion inhibitors. | a novel series of piperazinylquinoline derivatives were discovered as respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) fusion inhibitors by the ligand-based screening approach. among 3,000 hits, 1-amino-3-[[2-(4-phenyl-1-piperidyl)-4-quinolyl]amino]propan-2-ol (7) was proven to be active against the rsv long (a) strain. the anti-rsv activity was improved by converting piperidine to benzylcarbonyl substituted piperazine. the basic side chain was also found to be crucial for anti-rsv activity. the selected analo ... | 2016 | 27326326 |
| efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetics of a new 10 % liquid intravenous immunoglobulin containing high titer neutralizing antibody to rsv and other respiratory viruses in subjects with primary immunodeficiency disease. | immune globulins for igg supplementation have been produced for over 35 years with essentially no differentiating features regarding their specific antibody composition. furthermore, the compositions of plasma donor pools used for ig manufacturing are not standardized. while all immune globulin products meet the specifications set by the us fda for antibodies to pathogens like measles and polio, they have variable levels of antibodies to other important viruses and infectious pathogens, particul ... | 2016 | 27324887 |
| alternate circulation and genetic variation of human respiratory syncytial virus genotypes in chengdu, west china, 2009-2014. | human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) is a major pathogen that causes worldwide seasonal epidemic disease in infants due to its genetic variations. however, published information on the molecular epidemiology of hrsv was never reported particularly in chengdu of west china. during five consecutive seasons (from 2009 to 2014), 433 (23.7%) of 1827 samples from hospitalized patients were identified as hrsv positive. epidemiological characteristics of hrsv revealed that subtype a viruses (62.7%) ... | 2017 | 27322084 |
| vaccination against respiratory syncytial virus in pregnancy: a suitable tool to combat global infant morbidity and mortality? | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most important viral cause of pneumonia in early childhood (ie, younger than 2 years), responsible for high infant morbidity and mortality worldwide. it is widely accepted that an effective vaccine against rsv would have a major impact on child health globally. despite the setbacks of the clinical trials in the 1960s, there has been a recent and significant revival of interest in vaccines against rsv, with several promising candidates undergoing evaluatio ... | 2016 | 27317449 |
| human metapneumovirus epidemiological and evolutionary patterns in coastal kenya, 2007-11. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is an important global cause of severe acute respiratory infections in young children and the elderly. the epidemiology of hmpv in sub-saharan africa is poorly described and factors that allow its recurrent epidemics in communities not understood. | 2016 | 27316548 |
| epidemiology and molecular characterization of human respiratory syncytial virus in senegal after four consecutive years of surveillance, 2012-2015. | the burden of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection remains poorly defined in africa. to address this, we carried out a descriptive and retrospective pilot study, with a focus on the epidemiology of rsv in senegal after 4 years of surveillance. | 2016 | 27315120 |
| hydrogen sulfide is an antiviral and antiinflammatory endogenous gasotransmitter in the airways. role in respiratory syncytial virus infection. | hydrogen sulfide (h2s) is an endogenous gaseous transmitter whose role in the pathophysiology of several lung diseases has been increasingly appreciated. our recent studies in vitro have shown, we believe for the first time, that h2s has an important antiviral and antiinflammatory activity in respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection, the leading cause of bronchiolitis and viral pneumonia in children. our objective was to evaluate the therapeutic potential of gyy4137, a novel slow-releasing h2 ... | 2016 | 27314446 |
| ferrets as a novel animal model for studying human respiratory syncytial virus infections in immunocompetent and immunocompromised hosts. | human respiratory syncytial virus (hrsv) is an important cause of severe respiratory tract disease in immunocompromised patients. animal models are indispensable for evaluating novel intervention strategies in this complex patient population. to complement existing models in rodents and non-human primates, we have evaluated the potential benefits of an hrsv infection model in ferrets (mustela putorius furo). nine- to 12-month-old hrsv-seronegative immunocompetent or immunocompromised ferrets wer ... | 2016 | 27314379 |
| follicular bronchiolitis in a nigerian female child: a case report and review of the literature. | small airways diseases are not uncommon in childhood. they account for about 28.4% of hospital admissions for lower respiratory tract infections in south west nigeria, most of which are due to respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection. noninfectious causes of small airways diseases, on the other hand, are poorly recognized and rarely feature in the differential diagnoses of chronic/recurrent lower respiratory tract disease in our environment. we present a case of follicular bronchiolitis in a ... | 2016 | 27313935 |
| early life rhinovirus wheezing, allergic sensitization, and asthma risk at adolescence. | early life rhinovirus (rv) wheezing illnesses and aeroallergen sensitization increase the risk of asthma at school age. whether these remain risk factors for the persistence of asthma out to adolescence is not established. | 2017 | 27312820 |
| recombinant measles virus incorporating heterologous viral membrane proteins for use as vaccines. | recombinant measles virus (rmv) vectors expressing heterologous viral membrane protein antigens are potentially useful as vaccines. genes encoding the mumps virus haemagglutinin-neuraminidase (muv-hn), the influenza virus haemagglutinin (flu-ha) or the respiratory syncytial virus fusion (rsv-f) proteins were inserted into the genome of a live attenuated vaccine strain of measles virus. additionally, in this case rmv with the muv-hn or the influenza ha inserts, chimeric constructs were created th ... | 2016 | 27311834 |
| predictors of rsv lrti hospitalization in infants born at 33 to 35 weeks gestational age: a large multinational study (poni). | preterm infants are at high risk of developing respiratory syncytial virus (rsv)-associated lower respiratory tract infection (lrti). this observational epidemiologic study evaluated rsv disease burden and risk factors for rsv-associated lrti hospitalization in preterm infants 33 weeks+0 days to 35 weeks+6 days gestational age not receiving rsv prophylaxis. | 2016 | 27310438 |
| respiratory syncytial virus and recurrent wheeze in healthy preterm infants. | 2016 | 27305208 | |
| acute viral bronchiolitis in south africa: strategies for management and prevention. | management of acute viral bronchiolitis is largely supportive. there is currently no proven effective therapy other than oxygen for hypoxic children. the evidence indicates that there is no routine benefit from inhaled, rapid short-acting bronchodilators, adrenaline or ipratropium bromide for children with acute viral bronchiolitis. likewise, there is no demonstrated benefit from routine use of inhaled or oral corticosteroids, inhaled hypertonic saline nebulisation, montelukast or antibiotics. t ... | 2016 | 27303780 |
| simultaneous antibiofilm and antiviral activities of an engineered antimicrobial peptide during virus-bacterium coinfection. | antimicrobial-resistant infections are an urgent public health threat, and development of novel antimicrobial therapies has been painstakingly slow. polymicrobial infections are increasingly recognized as a significant source of severe disease and also contribute to reduced susceptibility to antimicrobials. chronic infections also are characterized by their ability to resist clearance, which is commonly linked to the development of biofilms that are notorious for antimicrobial resistance. the us ... | 2017 | 27303744 |
| potential sirna molecules for nucleoprotein and m2/l overlapping region of respiratory syncytial virus: in silico design. | human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a leading cause of severe lower respiratory tract disease in the pediatric population, elderly and in immunosuppressed individuals. respiratory syncytial virus is also responsible for bronchiolitis, pneumonia, and chronic obstructive pulmonary infections in all age groups. with this high disease burden and the lack of an effective rsv treatment and vaccine, there is a clear need for discovery and development of novel, effective and safe drugs to prevent ... | 2016 | 27303618 |
| a preliminary assessment of the role of ambient nitric oxide exposure in hospitalization with respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis. | some in vitro studies have indicated a possible link between respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection and exposure to nitric oxide (no). however, these studies used much higher no concentrations than normally found in the ambient environment. this preliminary study explored whether an association was present with short-term exposure to no in the environment. rsv-related admission data between november 2011 and february 2012 were obtained from sheffield children's hospital. the dates of admiss ... | 2016 | 27294948 |
| time series analysis of rsv and bronchiolitis seasonality in temperate and tropical western australia. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) causes respiratory illness in young children and is most commonly associated with bronchiolitis. rsv typically occurs as annual or biennial winter epidemics in temperate regions, with less pronounced seasonality in the tropics. we sought to characterise and compare the seasonality of rsv and bronchiolitis in temperate and tropical western australia. we examined over 13 years of rsv laboratory identifications and bronchiolitis hospitalisations in children, using ... | 2016 | 27294794 |
| molecular evolution of the fusion protein gene in human respiratory syncytial virus subgroup a. | we studied the molecular evolution of the fusion protein (f) gene in the human respiratory syncytial virus subgroup a (hrsv-a). we performed time-scaled phylogenetic analyses using the bayesian markov chain monte carlo (mcmc) method. we also conducted genetic distance (p-distance), positive/negative selection, and bayesian skyline plot analyses. furthermore, we mapped the amino acid substitutions of the protein. the mcmc-constructed tree indicated that the hrsv f gene diverged from the bovine rs ... | 2016 | 27291709 |
| risk and protective factors for childhood asthma: what is the evidence? | to summarize the principal findings on risk and protective factors for childhood asthma, we retrieved systematic reviews on these topics in children (aged 1 to 18 years), up to january 2016, through medline, embase, cinahl, scopus, and cdsr. a total of 227 studies were searched from databases. among those, 41 systematic reviews (srs) were included: 9 focused on prenatal factors, 5 on perinatal factors, and 27 on postnatal factors. of these 41 srs, 83% had good methodological quality, as determin ... | 2017 | 27286779 |
| approved antiviral drugs over the past 50 years. | since the first antiviral drug, idoxuridine, was approved in 1963, 90 antiviral drugs categorized into 13 functional groups have been formally approved for the treatment of the following 9 human infectious diseases: (i) hiv infections (protease inhibitors, integrase inhibitors, entry inhibitors, nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, and acyclic nucleoside phosphonate analogues), (ii) hepatitis b virus (hbv) infections (lamivudine, interferon ... | 2016 | 27281742 |
| a recombinant respiratory syncytial virus vaccine candidate attenuated by a low-fusion f protein is immunogenic and protective against challenge in cotton rats. | although respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the leading cause of lower respiratory tract infections in infants, a safe and effective vaccine is not yet available. live-attenuated vaccines (lavs) are the most advanced vaccine candidates in rsv-naive infants. however, designing an lav with appropriate attenuation yet sufficient immunogenicity has proven challenging. in this study, we implemented reverse genetics to address these obstacles with a multifaceted lav design that combined the codon de ... | 2016 | 27279612 |
| modelling estimates of age-specific influenza-related hospitalisation and mortality in the united kingdom. | influenza is rarely confirmed with laboratory testing and accurate assessment of the overall burden of influenza is difficult. we used statistical modelling methods to generate updated, granular estimates of the number/rate of influenza-attributable hospitalisations and deaths in the united kingdom. such data are needed on a continuing basis to inform on cost-benefit analyses of treatment interventions, including vaccination. | 2016 | 27278794 |
| intensive care unit admission and death rates of infants admitted with respiratory syncytial virus lower respiratory tract infection in mexico. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is the most common etiology for acute respiratory infection hospital admissions in young children. case fatality rates for hospitalized patients range between 0% and 3.4%. recent reports indicate that deaths associated with rsv are uncommon in developed countries. however, the role of this virus as a current cause of mortality in other countries requires further examination. | 2016 | 27276178 |
| a cross-study biomarker signature of human bronchial epithelial cells infected with respiratory syncytial virus. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major cause of lower respiratory tract infections in children, elderly, and immunocompromised individuals. despite of advances in diagnosis and treatment, biomarkers of rsv infection are still unclear. to understand the host response and propose signatures of rsv infection, previous studies evaluated the transcriptional profile of the human bronchial epithelial cell line-beas-2b-infected with different strains of this virus. however, the evolution of statis ... | 2016 | 27274726 |
| ten-year study of the stringently defined otitis-prone child in rochester, ny. | this review summarizes a prospective, longitudinal 10-year study in rochester, ny, with virtually every clinically diagnosed acute otitis media (aom) confirmed by bacterial culture of middle ear fluid. children experiencing 3 episodes within 6 months or 4 episodes in 12 months were considered stringently defined otitis prone (sop). we found stringent diagnosis compared with clinical diagnosis reduced the frequency of children meeting the op definition from 27% to 6% resulting in 14.8% and 2.4% r ... | 2016 | 27273691 |
| limited evidence on the management of respiratory tract infections in down's syndrome: a systematic review. | to systematically review the effectiveness of preventative and therapeutic interventions for respiratory tract infections (rtis) in people with down's syndrome. | 2016 | 27273687 |
| epidemiology of community-acquired pneumonia and implications for vaccination of children living in developing and newly industrialized countries: a systematic literature review. | this systematic review evaluated the epidemiology of community-acquired pneumonia in children <6 y of age within 90 developing and newly industrialized countries. literature searches (1990-2011), based on medline, embase, cochrane, cab global health, who, unicef, country-specific websites, conferences, health-technology-assessment agencies, and the reference lists of included studies, yielded 8,734 records; 62 of 340 studies were included in this review. the highest incidence rate among included ... | 2016 | 27269963 |
| human metapneumovirus infections in hematopoietic cell transplant recipients and hematologic malignancy patients: a systematic review. | over the past decade, reported incidence of human metapneumovirus (hmpv) has increased owing to the use of molecular assays for diagnosis of respiratory viral infections in cancer patients. the seasonality of these infections, differences in sampling strategies across institutions, and small sample size of published studies make it difficult to appreciate the true incidence and impact of hmpv infections. in this systematic review, we summarized the published data on hmpv infections in hematopoie ... | 2016 | 27260872 |
| exposure to common respiratory bacteria alters the airway epithelial response to subsequent viral infection. | colonization of the airways with potential pathogenic bacteria is observed in a number of chronic respiratory diseases, such as copd or cystic fibrosis. infections with respiratory viruses are known triggers of exacerbations of these diseases. we here investigated if pre-exposure to bacteria alters the response of lung epithelial cells to subsequent viral infection. | 2016 | 27259950 |
| discovery and characterization of phage display-derived human monoclonal antibodies against rsv f glycoprotein. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a leading cause of lower respiratory tract infection in infants, the elderly and in immunosuppressed populations. the vast majority of neutralizing antibodies isolated from human subjects target the rsv fusion (f) glycoprotein, making it an attractive target for the development of vaccines and therapeutic antibodies. currently, synagis® (palivizumab) is the only fda approved antibody drug for the prevention of rsv infection, and there is a great need for more ... | 2016 | 27258388 |
| modelling estimates of the burden of respiratory syncytial virus infection in children in the uk. | the burden of respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) illness is not well characterised in primary care. we estimated the burden of disease attributable to rsv in children in the uk between 1995 and 2009. | 2016 | 27256085 |
| phosphorylation of human metapneumovirus m2-1 protein upregulates viral replication and pathogenesis. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) is a major causative agent of upper- and lower-respiratory-tract infections in infants, the elderly, and immunocompromised individuals worldwide. like all pneumoviruses, hmpv encodes the zinc binding protein m2-1, which plays important regulatory roles in rna synthesis. the m2-1 protein is phosphorylated, but the specific role(s) of the phosphorylation in viral replication and pathogenesis remains unknown. in this study, we found that hmpv m2-1 is phosphorylated at a ... | 2016 | 27252537 |
| identification and characterization of influenza virus entry inhibitors through dual myxovirus high-throughput screening. | influenza a virus (iav) infections cause major morbidity and mortality, generating an urgent need for novel antiviral therapeutics. we recently established a dual myxovirus high-throughput screening protocol that combines a fully replication-competent iav-wsn strain and a respiratory syncytial virus reporter strain for the simultaneous identification of iav-specific, paramyxovirus-specific, and broad-spectrum inhibitors. in the present study, this protocol was applied to a screening campaign to ... | 2016 | 27252534 |
| suppression of irg-1 reduces inflammatory cell infiltration and lung injury in respiratory syncytial virus infection by reducing production of reactive oxygen species. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) infection is a common cause of lower respiratory tract illness in infants and children. rsv is a negative-sense, single-strand rna (ssrna) virus that mainly infects airway epithelial cells. accumulating evidence indicates that reactive oxygen species (ros) production is a major factor for pulmonary inflammation and tissue damage of rsv disease. we investigated immune-responsive gene-1 (irg1) expression during rsv infection, since irg1 has been shown to mediate i ... | 2016 | 27252532 |
| the mechanisms of delayed onset type adverse reactions to oseltamivir. | oseltamivir is recommended for the treatment and prophylaxis of influenza in persons at higher risk for influenza complications such as individuals with diabetes, neuropsychiatric illnesses, and respiratory, cardiac, renal, hepatic or haematological diseases. however, a recent cochrane review reported that reduction of antibody production, renal disorders, hyperglycaemia, psychiatric disorders, and qt prolongation may be related to oseltamivir use. the underlying mechanisms are reviewed. there i ... | 2016 | 27251370 |
| clinical characterisation and phylogeny of respiratory syncytial virus infection in hospitalised children at red cross war memorial children's hospital, cape town. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is a major cause of lower respiratory tract infection in young children in both the community and hospital setting. | 2016 | 27246848 |
| human metapneumovirus circulation in the united states, 2008 to 2014. | human metapneumovirus (hmpv) infection causes respiratory illness, including bronchiolitis and pneumonia. however, national hmpv seasonality, as it compares with respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and influenza seasonality patterns, has not been well described. | 2016 | 27244790 |
| respiratory syncytial virus infection in infants in rural nepal. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) pneumonia is a leading cause of infant mortality worldwide. the risk of rsv infection associated with preterm birth is not well-characterized in resource-limited settings. we aimed to obtain precise estimates of risk factors and disease burden of rsv in infants in rural southern nepal. | 2016 | 27241525 |
| [th17/treg imbalance mediated by il-8 in rsv-infected bronchial epithelial cells]. | to explore the mechanisms for an increase in susceptibility of asthma induced by respiratory syncytial virus (rsv), to observe the expression of interleukin-8 (il-8) in human bronchial epithelial cells (hbecs) after rsv infection and to invesigate the regulatory effect of il-8 on th17/treg differentiation. | 2016 | 27241142 |
| core bead chromatography for preparation of highly pure, infectious respiratory syncytial virus in the negative purification mode. | respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) is an important human pathogen, and is the most frequent viral cause of severe respiratory disease in infants. in addition, it is increasingly being recognized as an important cause of respiratory disease in the elderly and immunocompromised. although a passive prophylactic treatment does exist for high-risk neonates and children, the overall disease burden warrants the development of a safe and effective prophylactic vaccine for use in otherwise healthy newborn ... | 2016 | 27238375 |
| aeroallergen-induced il-33 predisposes to respiratory virus-induced asthma by dampening antiviral immunity. | frequent viral lower respiratory infections in early life are an independent risk factor for asthma onset. this risk and the development of persistent asthma are significantly greater in children who later become sensitized. | 2016 | 27236500 |