Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| ifn-gamma upregulation and protection by macrophage-adapted infectious bursal disease virus. | infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) causes an acute, highly contagious and immunosuppressive disease in chickens. the virus infects and destroys actively dividing igm-bearing b cells in the bursa. although antibody response is considered important in defense against virulent ibdv, antibody alone is not sufficient and cell-mediated immunity (cmi) appears to play a critical role. we serially passaged classical ibdv (cibdv) in mq-ncsu, an avian macrophage cell line. the macrophage-adapted virus ... | 2008 | 18601966 |
| replication and packaging of an infectious bursal disease virus segment a-derived minigenome. | a synthetic cytomegalovirus (cmv) promoter-driven cdna minigenome containing the enhanced green fluorescence protein (egfp) gene as a reporter was derived from the genomic segment a of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv). the 5'-end of the minigenome was fused to the transcription start site of the immediate early cmv promoter, and the hepatitis delta virus (hdv) ribozyme sequence was added at its 3'-end. we show that co-transfection of the minigenome with a plasmid encoding the ibdv rna-depe ... | 2008 | 18562033 |
| studies on naturally occurring infectious bursal disease viruses suggest that a single amino acid substitution at position 253 in vp2 increases pathogenicity. | three classic ibdv strains were previously isolated from commercial layer chicken flocks and shown to be phylogenetically related to vaccine strains but pathogenic in susceptible chickens. in this study, their viral genomes were sequenced and compared to sequences of vaccines being used in those flocks. the vaccine strains examined were sequenced directly from the manufacturer and had identical genome segment b sequences. compared to these vaccines, the ga-1, h-30 and cs-2-35 isolates each had o ... | 2008 | 18502466 |
| development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detecting infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) infection based on the vp3 structural protein. | infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) causes a contagious immunosuppressive disease in chickens. the aim of the present study is to develop an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) using the expressed vp2 or vp3 protein of ibdv as the coating antigen for detecting antibodies to ibdv. experimental results were compared with virus neutralization assay and a commercial-available elisa. these assays were used to examine the sera from farm chickens and chickens vaccinated experimentally. the vp3 ... | 2008 | 18485623 |
| a double antibody sandwich elisa for rapid diagnosis of virus infection and to measure the humoral response against infectious bursal disease on clinical material. | a double antibody sandwich elisa (das-elisa) was developed and employed for simultaneous direct detection of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) from bursal samples and to measure the humoral response, using the same basic immunoreagents. the purified and non-purified antigen, capture antibody and chicken hyperimmune sera were prepared, and standardized for this purpose. the das-elisa was applied to both 80 bursal suspensions and 224 corresponding serum samples from vaccinated and non-vaccina ... | 1998 | 18484029 |
| inflammatory response of different chicken lines and b haplotypes to infection with infectious bursal disease virus. | chickens representing two different inbred lines (layer and meat-type) and three different b haplotypes (bw1, b19 and b131) were infected with infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) at 21 days of age. mortality was recorded, and surviving chickens were killed and examined either 3 or 17 days post-infection. non-infected control chickens were run in parallel. the variables recorded were all significantly changed by the virus infection, including the serum concentration of mannan-binding lectin th ... | 1998 | 18483984 |
| comparative study of the resistance or susceptibility of local nigerian and exotic chickens to infectious bursal disease. | local or village chickens are the major source of poultry products in less developed countries, but information is limited on their susceptibility or resistance to diseases. in this work, 6-week-old local nigerian chickens, pullets and broilers were used. one day before infection the mean body weight of the broilers was more than twice that of the pullets and local chickens. the bursa: body weight (b:bw) indices of the pullets and local chickens were similar, but were significantly higher than t ... | 1998 | 18483982 |
| heat inactivation of serotype 1 infectious bursal disease virus. | heat inactivation curves for infectious bursal disease virus serotype 1 (ibdv) strain 52/70 in bursal homogenate supernatant were constructed for 70 degrees c, 75 degrees c and 80 degrees c. biphasic, multiple kinetics curves were produced with an initial rapid drop in infectivity followed by a more gradual decline. in this second phase the approximate times taken to reduce the infectivity by 1 log(10) at each temperature were: 70 degrees c (18.8 min), 75 degrees c (11.4 min) and 80 degrees c (3 ... | 1998 | 18483970 |
| comparison of the in situ changes in lymphoid cells during infection with infectious bursal disease virus in chickens of different ages. | in situ immunocytochemical staining was used to characterise leukocyte changes and determine tropism of infectious bursal disease virus following infection of neonate and 3-week-old chickens. in the bursae of both groups, massive replication of the virus, a rapid depletion of b cells and an influx of cd4(+) tcr-alphabeta(1)(+) and cd8 (+) tcr-alphabeta(1)(+) cells was detected within 4 days post-inoculation. leukocyte changes in the spleen, thymus and harderian gland were similar in both groups. ... | 1997 | 18483946 |
| histopathology and immunohistochemistry of renal lesions due to avian infectious bronchitis virus in chicks uninoculated and previously inoculated with highly virulent infectious bursal disease virus. | a nephropathogenic strain of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) was inoculated intra-tracheally into 14-day-old specific-pathogen-free chicks or ones previously inoculated with highly virulent infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) at 7 days of age. the renal lesions were examined histopathologically and immunohistochemi-cally at intervals up to 30 days post-inoculation. the mortality was 20% in the ibdv + ibv-inoculated group, but not in the ibv-inoculated one. swollen and pale kidneys due to ib ... | 1997 | 18483931 |
| [preparation and characterization of monoclonal antibodies against m2 protein of avian influenza virus]. | to prepare and characterize the monoclonal antibodies against m2 protein of avian influenza virus (aiv). | 2008 | 18466706 |
| chicken b lymphoma dt40 cells as a useful tool for in vitro analysis of pathogenic infectious bursal disease virus. | susceptibility of dt40 cells to pathogenic field strains of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) including very virulent and classical virulent strains were studied. after the first and second passage of the virus in dt40 cells, ibdv-specific antigen was readily detected in dt40 cells inoculated with the pathogenic field strain infected bursal homogenates. nucleotide sequence analysis in the vp2 hypervariable domain, which is critical for the virulence of ibdv, revealed no common amino acid su ... | 2008 | 18460838 |
| health evaluation of free-ranging humboldt penguins (spheniscus humboldti) in peru. | as part of ongoing ecological studies of humboldt penguins (spheniscus humboldti) at punta san juan, ica department, peru, health surveys were conducted in november 1992, 1993, and 1994. in the three surveys, 98 birds in total were handled for examination, and blood was collected for laboratory analysis from 90 of these birds. all birds seemed to be in good condition. body weights of females were significantly lower in 1994 than in the other years. fleas (parapsyllus humboldti) and ticks (ornith ... | 2008 | 18459309 |
| pre-validation study for testing of avian viral vaccines for extraneous agents by pcr. | the biological nature of vaccines imposes a permanent risk for contamination with extraneous agents. therefore, testing of vaccines for freedom from extraneous agents is essential in the manufacturing process and quality control. relevant methods for testing for extraneous agents of avian viral vaccines are specified in the monographs of the european pharmacopoeia (ph. eur.). currently, most of these methods involve the use of embryonated eggs or chickens. polymerase chain reaction (pcr) is a wi ... | 2007 | 18413134 |
| attenuation of very virulent infectious bursal disease virus and comparison of full sequences of virulent and attenuated strains. | a very virulent strain of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdvks) was isolated from the bursae of fabricius of ibdv-affected broiler chickens. following 43 serial passages in specific pathogen-free embryonated eggs, an attenuated strain was established (ibdvmb). dosages of ibdvmb in the range 10(2) to 10(4) embryo infective dose of 50% were found to be safe and protective for commercial chicks. chickens vaccinated with live vaccine containing ibdvmb responded with precipitating and type-specifi ... | 2008 | 18393093 |
| efficient rescue of infectious bursal disease virus using a simplified rna polymerase ii-based reverse genetics strategy. | we describe a simplified rna polymerase ii-based reverse genetics approach that allows for the efficient rescue of high-titer infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) from cloned cdnas of genomic segments a and b. unlike the previously reported rna polymerase ii-based methods, the developed strategy does not necessitate the introduction of a ribozyme sequence at both ends of the genomic cdna sequences. this was achieved by fusing the 5' terminal sequence of the cdna of each segment to the transcri ... | 2008 | 18392769 |
| effective inhibition of infectious bursal disease virus replication in vitro by dna vector-based rna interference. | infectious bursal disease (ibd) leads to considerable economic losses for the poultry industry by inducing severe immunosuppression and high mortality in chickens. the objective of this study was to determine if rna interference (rnai) could be utilized to inhibit ibdv replication in vitro. we selected 3 short interfering rna (sirna) sequences (sivp1(618), sivp1(1,115), and sivp1(2,571)) based on conserved regions in the vp1 gene of the infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv). when the vero cells ... | 2008 | 18378010 |
| novel rath peptide for intracellular delivery of protein and nucleic acids. | in the present study, a novel cell penetrating peptide (cpp) named as rath, has been identified from the avian infectious bursal disease virus. it has the potential to penetrate and translocate cargo molecules into cells independent of temperature. additionally, it can deliver oligonucleotide in 30min and antibodies within an hour intracellular to chicken embryonic fibroblast primary cells. as an ideal delivery vehicle, it has the ability to protect the cargo molecules in the presence of serum, ... | 2008 | 18346454 |
| detection of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) genome in free-living pigeon and guinea fowl in africa suggests involvement of wild birds in the epidemiology of ibdv. | infectious bursal disease (ibd) virus (ibdv) serotype 1 is the causative agent of ibd, a highly contagious immunosuppressive disease of young chickens. in this study, we examined ibdv infection in apparently healthy 21 guinea fowls and 20 pigeons obtained in tanzania and zambia by virus neutralization test (vnt) and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) for the vp2 hypervariable region (vp2-hvr) of ibdv. two guinea fowls (9.5%) in tanzania were rt-pcr and vnt positive for ibdv ... | 2008 | 18343984 |
| mast cell mediated inflammatory response in chickens after infection with very virulent infectious bursal disease virus. | the potential role of the mast cells in the invasion of very virulent infectious bursal disease virus (vvibdv) is unknown. we evaluated mast cell activity and tryptase production after vvibdv infection in special pathogen-free (spf) chickens using cytochemistry and immunohistochemistry analyses. the results were as follows: (1) severe histologic lesions were observed in the thymus, spleen, cloacal bursa, liver, kidney and other tissues. vvibdv viral antigens were detected and presented extensive ... | 2008 | 18342956 |
| development of differential rt-pcr assays and molecular characterization of the complete vp1 gene of five strains of very virulent infectious bursal disease virus. | several antigenic and pathogenic subtypes of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) have been identified worldwide. simple and quick differential diagnostic assays are vital for implementing control and prevention strategies for infectious bursal disease (ibd). currently reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction/restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis (rt-pcr/rflp) and real-time rt-pcr detection have been used. however, the rt-pcr/rflp analysis is time consuming and not feasible ... | 2007 | 18251405 |
| prediction of optimal vaccination timing for infectious bursal disease based on chick weight. | growth rate in broiler birds has increased substantially in the last decade due to improvement in genetics, feed formulation, cleaner environment, and vaccine formulations. as a result, it has become necessary to review and revise prediction method for vaccination in chicks. this study was undertaken to determine the possible use of the rate of weight gain rather than age in predicting vaccination time. two groups of 1-day-old broilers originating from old and young breeders, respectively, and w ... | 2007 | 18251403 |
| direct evidence of reassortment and mutant spectrum analysis of a very virulent infectious bursal disease virus. | the complete genomic sequence of very virulent infectious bursal disease virus (vvibdv) gx strain was determined, including the sequences of segment a, encoding the precursor polyprotein, and segment b, encoding the viral rna polymerase (vp1) and 5'- and 3'-untranslating regions. alignment of segment a of gx with the sequences of 12 other vvibdv strains showed 97.5% to 99.0% amino acid identity, whereas alignment of segment b of gx with nine other vvibdv strains revealed high sequence divergence ... | 2007 | 18251399 |
| genetic and antigenic characterization of infectious bursal disease viruses isolated in italy during the period 2002-2005. | during the period 2002-2005, 109 infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) field strains were isolated from bird flocks located in various parts of italy. out of these strains, 91 were isolated from broilers, 12 from pullets, and six from backyard flocks. forty-two ibdv strains were further investigated and characterized on the basis of the geographical origin, source, and clinical signs. antigenic and genetic characterizations were carried out using a monoclonal antibody (mab)-based antigen-captur ... | 2007 | 18251395 |
| characterization of infectious bursal disease viruses from four layer flocks in the united states. | twenty bursal samples were obtained from four infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv)-vaccinated layer flocks experiencing problems with immune suppression that was thought to be infectious bursal disease. all the samples were found to be positive for ibdv by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr). restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of the samples identified them as classic molecular group 3 and group 4 viruses. two samples from each of the four flocks were sequen ... | 2007 | 18251392 |
| genotyping of canadian isolates of fowl adenoviruses. | five hundred and seventy-three clinical submissions with fowl adenovirus (fadv) involvement were examined to investigate the association of different types of fadv with clinical problems related to fadv infection. samples were received from 2000 to 2006 and originated from seven canadian provinces. four hundred and eighty-seven submissions were inclusion body hepatitis (ibh) related, while 86 were not ibh related. viruses isolated from 287 samples were further analysed by hexon gene loop 1 seque ... | 2008 | 18202956 |
| structural insights into the multifunctional protein vp3 of birnaviruses. | infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv), a member of the birnaviridae family, is the causative agent of one of the most harmful poultry diseases. the ibdv genome encodes five mature proteins; of these, the multifunctional protein vp3 plays an essential role in virus morphogenesis. this protein, which interacts with the structural protein vp2, with the double-stranded rna genome, and with the virus-encoded, rna-dependent rna polymerase, vp1, is involved not only in the formation of the viral capsi ... | 2008 | 18184581 |
| combining x-ray and electron-microscopy data to solve crystal structures. | low-resolution electron-microscopy reconstructions can be used as search models in molecular replacement or may be combined with existing monomeric structures in order to produce multimeric models suitable for molecular replacement. the technique is described in the case of viral and subviral particles as well as in the case of oligomeric proteins. | 2008 | 18094469 |
| arginine and vitamin e modulate the subpopulations of t lymphocytes in broiler chickens. | we examined the effects of vitamin e (ve) and arg on the subpopulations of t lymphocytes in peripheral blood after an infectious bursal disease virus vaccination (20 d old, n = 54). broiler chickens were fed diets with normal levels of arg (narg, 1.2%) or high levels of arg (harg, 2.2%) and 3 levels of ve (40, 80, or 200 iu/kg of feed) in a factorial arrangement of treatments. the percentages of cd4+ and cd8+ cells 9 d after vaccination were not different in birds fed the harg or narg feed, but ... | 2008 | 18079449 |
| effect of egyptian propolis on the susceptibility of ldl to oxidative modification and its antiviral activity with special emphasis on chemical composition. | the antioxidant activity of eight egyptian propolis samples from different localities was evaluated by the antioxidative potential and capacity of the dpph-esr signal, superoxide anion generated in the xanthine-xanthine oxidase (xod) system and low density lipoprotein (ldl) peroxidation assay. as, f, is and d samples showed the highest antioxidative capacity and potential, respectively. the el, isr, is, d and so samples exhibited highly significant antioxidant activity in the xod system and in l ... | 2007 | 18069235 |
| effect of sulfated astragalus polysaccharide on cellular infectivity of infectious bursal disease virus. | four kinds of astragalus polysaccharides (apss), aps(t), aps(40), aps(50) and aps(60), were extracted by water decoction and one-step or stepwise ethanol precipitation methods, and modified by chlorosulfonic acid-pyridine method to obtain four sulfated apss (sapss) (saps(t), saps(40), saps(50), saps(60)), respectively. the effects of four sapss on cellular infectivity of bursal disease virus (ibdv) were compared by mtt method taking non-modified aps(t) as control. the results showed that modifie ... | 2008 | 18061660 |
| proteomics analysis of host cells infected with infectious bursal disease virus. | the effect of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) infection on cellular protein expression is essential for viral pathogenesis. to characterize the cellular response to ibdv infection, the differential proteomes of chicken embryo fibroblasts, with and without ibdv infection, were analyzed at different time points with two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-de) followed by maldi-tof/tof identification. comparative analysis of multiple 2-de gels revealed that the majority of protein expression ... | 2008 | 18056921 |
| a recombinant turkey herpesvirus expressing chicken interleukin-2 increases the protection provided by in ovo vaccination with infectious bursal disease and infectious bronchitis virus. | in ovo vaccination remains an attractive option for the mass application of vaccines to poultry, ensuring a uniform application of vaccine in a cost-effective manner. however, the number of vaccines that can be delivered safely by this method is limited. several infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) vaccines can be given in ovo though most are delivered post-hatch and there are no currently licensed embryo-safe infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) vaccines. reduction in the dose of vaccines given ... | 2007 | 17996994 |
| real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction detection and sequence analysis of the vp2 hypervariable region of indian very virulent infectious bursal disease isolates. | bursal samples collected from different field outbreaks in commercially reared chicken flocks from india that were suspected of very virulent (vv) infectious bursal disease (vvibd) were tested. two vaccine strains that are commonly being used in india also were included to ascertain their relatedness with the field isolates. when tested with real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr), 14 of the 15 samples were found to be positive for vvibd virus (vvibdv) genetic sequence ... | 2007 | 17992937 |
| reassortant infectious bursal disease virus isolated in china. | infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) is a bi-segmented, double-stranded rna virus which belongs to the genus avibirnavirus of the family birnavirideae. in this study, we determined the complete nucleotide sequences of a reassortment ibdv strain tl2004 with segments a and b derived from attenuated and very virulent strains of ibdv. this strain is pathogenic to spf-embryonated eggs and chickens, although it is not as virulent as very virulent strain. genomic sequence in genbank analysis showed t ... | 2008 | 17945373 |
| large-scale manufacture and use of recombinant vp2 vaccine against infectious bursal disease in chickens. | a new subunit vaccine against infectious bursal disease (ibd) was developed; the antigen used in the vaccine was expressed by a new engineering strain, e. coli bl21/pbv220-vp2. the study on the production and use of the vaccine was performed. the results showed that the recombinant vp2 was water-soluble and demonstrated natural antigen activity in vitro. the antibody induced by rvp2 subunit vaccine could protect chickens from challenges of ibdv strains, both bc 6/85 and jz 3/02. the vaccine, in ... | 2007 | 17923174 |
| dna vaccination with vp2 gene of very virulent infectious bursal disease virus (vvibdv) delivered by transgenic e. coli dh5alpha given orally confers protective immune responses in chickens. | the efficacy of different doses of oral dna vaccines carrying vp2 gene of vvibdv delivered by e. coli dh5alpha was studied and compared with purified vp2 recombinant expression plasmid dna vaccine injected intradermally and whole virus vaccine either from homologous virus or from commercial source. the recombinant plasmid prc-vp2 was transformed in a non-pathogenic strain of e. coli, the dh5alpha and designated as ec/prc-vp2. oral immunization of maternal antibody free broiler chickens at 7 and ... | 2007 | 17913306 |
| genotyping of canadian field strains of infectious bursal disease virus. | for this retrospective study, infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) was detected in 134 bursal samples that originated from flocks with conditions such as airsacculitis, tracheitis, pneumonia, septicaemia, inclusion body hepatitis, coccidiosis, and/or a history of production problems without overt clinical symptoms. samples were from seven canadian provinces: ontario, quebec, manitoba, british columbia, nova scotia, alberta, and newfoundland and labrador. viral rna was identified in bursae with ... | 2007 | 17899469 |
| a field study on the significance of vaccination against infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) at the optimal time point in broiler flocks with maternally derived ibdv antibodies. | the right strategy for infectious bursal disease (ibd) control and its success rate under field conditions depends on hygiene management, ibd field pressure, level and variation in maternally derived ibd antibodies, and the ibd vaccine strains to be used. usually, standard vaccination programmes are used, which are not always adapted to the specific conditions on the farm and to the immune status of chickens. employing the "deventer formula" may help to estimate the optimal time for vaccination ... | 2007 | 17899465 |
| pivotal role of chifngamma in the pathogenesis and immunosuppression of infectious bursal disease. | this study investigates the pivotal role of chicken interferon-gamma (chifngamma) in the pathogenesis and immunosuppression of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) infection and is divided into in vivo, ex vivo and in vitro experiments. two-week-old specific pathogen free chickens were inoculated with the 849vb very virulent strain of ibdv. the levels of systemic chifngamma and chicken interleukin-6 in the serum were followed for 2 weeks during in vivo experiments. then, splenocytes and bursal ... | 2007 | 17899460 |
| dose and timing requirements for immunogenicity of viral poultry vaccine antigen: investigations of emulsion-based depot function. | the release requirements for vaccine antigens delivered by adjuvants with presumed depot function are poorly understood. water-in-oil (w/o) emulsions are routinely used in many poultry vaccines. they strongly activate antibody production, and are regarded as a depot from which antigens are slowly released, resulting in prolonged antigen residence. however, from earlier studies we concluded that w/o adjuvant activity is partly based on the immunostimulatory activity of the oil phase. here we asse ... | 2007 | 17899459 |
| [identification of vp3 antigenic epitopes of infectious bursal disease virus]. | infectious bursal disease virus(ibd) causes infectious bursal disease (ibd), which infects bursal of chicken and can evoke immune suppression. this study identified the antigenic epitopes of four mcabs to ibdv vp3(hrb-3f, hrb-7b, hrb-7c and hrb-10e)with pepscan. a set of 17 partially overlapping or consecutive peptides (p1-p17) spanning vp3 were expressed for epitope screening by pepscan. finally, two antigenic epitopes, 109-119aa and 177-190aa of ibdv vp3, were identified by western blot and el ... | 2007 | 17894234 |
| molecular and structural bases for the antigenicity of vp2 of infectious bursal disease virus. | infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv), a member of the family birnaviridae, is responsible for a highly contagious and economically important disease causing immunosuppression in chickens. ibdv variants isolated in the united states exhibit antigenic drift affecting neutralizing epitopes in the capsid protein vp2. to understand antigenic determinants of the virus, we have used a reverse-genetics approach to introduce selected amino acid changes-individually or in combination-into the vp2 gene o ... | 2007 | 17881448 |
| experimental infectious bursal disease in the ostrich (struthio camelus). | clinically severe disease was produced in ostriches aged 4 weeks by oral infection with a virulent strain of infectious bursal disease virus (vibdv), namely strain faragher 52/70. four days after infection the birds were humanely killed and tissue samples, including thymus, bursa of fabricius (bf), brain and kidney were collected for examination. histopathologically, the thymus and bf showed severe lymphoid depletion and necrosis, while immunolabelling with a polyclonal antibody demonstrated abu ... | 2007 | 17880991 |
| strong and heterogeneous adsorption of infectious bursal disease vp2 subviral particle with immobilized metal ions dependent on two surface histidine residues. | vp2, the single outer protein of infectious bursal disease virus capsid, can self-assemble into t = 1 subviral particle (svp), which can be efficiently purified by immobilized metal ion affinity chromatography (imac). in this study, a systemic investigation of the adsorption behavior of vp2 svp on ni-nta resin was performed to identify that his253 and his249 on the surface of svp are the key factors accounted for the strong and heterogeneous interaction. first, an untagged vp2-441 svp was constr ... | 2007 | 17877419 |
| evidence for functional significance of the permuted c motif in co2+-stimulated rna-dependent rna polymerase of infectious bursal disease virus. | segment b of bisegmented infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) encodes virus protein 1 (vp1), possessing rna-dependent rna polymerase (rdrp) activity. this multidomain protein includes an rdrp domain with a non-canonical order of three sequence motifs forming the active site: c-a-b. the a-b-c order of the motifs, as found in rdrps of the majority of viruses, was converted by relocation (permutation) of motif c to a c-a-b order. due to the unusual location and unproven significance, the motif wa ... | 2007 | 17872536 |
| diagnostic potential of recombinant protein of hexahistidine tag and infectious bursal disease virus vpx expressed in escherichia coli. | the current method to detect antibody titre against infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) in chickens is based on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) using whole virus as coating antigen. coating the elisa plates requires a purified or at least semi-purified preparation of virus as antigen, which needs special skills and techniques. in this study, instead of using whole virus, recombinant protein of hexahistidine tag (his 6 tag) and vpx protein of ibdv expressed in e. coli was used as an ... | 2007 | 17867467 |
| [preparation and primary analysis of monoclonal antibodies against vp5 protein of chicken infectious bursal disease virus]. | infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv), the causative agent of a highly contagious disease in chickens, carries a small nonstructural protein (ns). in this study, vvibdv gx-vp5 genes were cloned into plasmid pet30a( + ) and expressed in e. coli with iptg inducing. balb/c mice were immunized with the purified recombinant fusion protein. sp2/0 myeloma cells and spleen cells of balb/c mice were fused by peg(mw1500), three hybridoma cell lines were examined by indirect elisa and clone for three time ... | 2007 | 17822051 |
| reduction of infectious bursal disease virus replication in cultured cells by proteasome inhibitors. | infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) is the etiological agent of a highly contagious disease in chickens. in a recent report, proteasome inhibitor mg132 has been shown to completely inhibit ibdv-induced apoptosis. this raises the possibility that the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway may be used by the virus to promote viral replication. in this study, we examined the interplay between ibdv replication and the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway in cultured cells. treatment of df-1 cells with the proteaso ... | 2007 | 17680216 |
| modulation of macrophages by infectious bursal disease virus. | infectious bursal disease is one of the most important naturally occurring viral diseases of chickens worldwide. the causative agent, infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv), belongs to the family birnaviridae. this virus causes an acute, highly contagious and immunosuppressive disease in chickens. the virus infects and destroys actively dividing igm-bearing b cells. although b cells are the principal targets for ibdv, recent data show that the virus also infects macrophages. ibdv-infected macrop ... | 2007 | 17675882 |
| nucleotide sequence analysis of vp2 hypervariable domain of infectious bursal disease virus detected in japan from 1993 to 2004. | bursae of fabricius were collected from 20 chickens diagnosed with infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) infection from 15 prefectures in 1993 to 2004. here we report the nucleotide sequence analysis of vp2 hypervariable domain of ibdv genome detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction from these samples. ten sequences derived from 10 prefectures in 1996 to 2003 were of the classical type and other 10 sequences derived from 6 prefectures in 1993 to 2004 were of the highly virule ... | 2007 | 17675805 |
| [influence of avian reovirus infection on the bursa and immune-reactions in chickens]. | the influences of avian reovirus (arv) infection at 1 day of age on bursa development, antibody responses after vaccinations to avian influenza virus (aiv), newcastle disease virus (ndv) and infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv), and pathogenecity of virulent ibdv (v-ibdv) were studied in chickens of spf-origin. the results indicated that ly strain arv infection in 1-day-old chickens caused atrophy of the bursa and decreased lymphocyte numbers in the bursa, but it gave no significant negative e ... | 2007 | 17672312 |
| [construction of chicken embryo fibroblasts cdna expression library]. | chicken embryo fibroblast (cef) is a primary cellular material to research the infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv). constructing the cdna expression library of cef is the foundation to research cell tropism and find cell receptors of ibdv from cef. in order to achieve that purpose, a high-quality cdna expression library of cef was constructed by gateway technology, which could avoid using the restriction enzyme for cloning to solve technical limitation of roution method. the mrna was extracte ... | 2007 | 17672297 |
| intratracheally administered pathogen-associated molecular patterns affect antibody responses of poultry. | various potential immune-modulating microbially derived pathogen-associated molecular patterns (pamp), or so called homotopes, are present in high concentrations in the environment of food animals. in previous studies, intravenously administered pamp had variable effects on specific primary and secondary immune responses of poultry to systemically administered antigens. in the present study, we evaluated the effects of intratracheal (i.t.) challenge with the pamp lipopolysaccharide, lipoteichoic ... | 2007 | 17626812 |
| the use of gamma irradiation for the inactivation of infectious bursal disease viruses. | the maximum dosage of gamma irradiation approved by the u.s. food and drug administration (fda) for poultry is 3.0 kilograys (kgy). this treatment is designed to reduce bacterial contamination on uncooked poultry carcasses and meat products. the possible presence of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) on poultry postharvest has prompted some countries to study the risk associated with introducing nonnative strains of the virus from imported commodities. the goal of this study was to determine ... | 2007 | 17626493 |
| molecular and phenotypic characterization of infectious bursal disease virus isolates. | two infectious bursal disease viruses (ibdvs 1174 and v1) were isolated from ibdv-vaccinated broiler flocks in california and georgia. these flocks had a history of subclinical immunosuppression. these isolates are commonly used in ibdv progeny challenge studies at auburn, al, as well as vaccine manufacturer's vaccine efficacy studies, because they come from populated poultry-producing states, and are requested by poultry veterinarians from those states. nested polymerase chain reaction (pcr) ge ... | 2007 | 17626491 |
| molecular detection and differentiation of infectious bursal disease virus. | vaccination of hens, with the subsequent maternal immunity imparted to chicks, is the primary means of controlling infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv). effective vaccination depends on rapid and accurate diagnosis of the subtype present in a flock because vaccines based on the classic subtype of ibdv can fail to protect against challenge with a variant subtype. this review describes the various methods available to detect and differentiate between ibdv subtypes. serotype 1 ibdv causes economi ... | 2007 | 17626477 |
| comparison of four infectious bursal disease viruses isolated from different bird species. | four isolates of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv), isolated from chicken, duck, goose and sparrow in jiangsu province of china in 2002, were compared. the viruses were stable to the treatments of 60 degrees c for 1 h, ph 2.0 and lipid solvents. their antigenic relatedness values (r) were from 0.76 to 0.78. chickens infected with the chicken isolate showed severe clinical symptoms of ibd and the mortality rate was 33.3% (2/6). chickens infected with the other three viruses survived but thei ... | 2007 | 17619114 |
| antigenic structure analysis of vp3 of infectious bursal disease virus. | vp3 is one of the major structural proteins of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv), but the epitopes of vp3 have not been precisely identified. to further identify its epitopes, vp3 of gx strain was cloned and expressed as a recombinant protein in escherichia coli bl21 (de3). female balb/c mice were immunized with the purified vp3 and then four vp3-specific monoclonal antibodies (mabs) were developed. the mabs specifically reacted with chicken embryo fibroblasts (cef) infected with ibdv. a se ... | 2007 | 17590471 |
| oral immunization with transgenic rice seeds expressing vp2 protein of infectious bursal disease virus induces protective immune responses in chickens. | the expression of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) host-protective immunogen vp2 protein in rice seeds, its immunogenicity and protective capability in chickens were investigated. the vp2 cdna of ibdv strain zj2000 was cloned downstream of the gt1 promoter of the rice glutelin glua-2 gene in the binary expression vector, pcambia1301-gt1. agrobacterium tumefaciens containing the recombinant vector was used to transform rice embryogenic calli, and 121 transgenic lines were obtained and grown ... | 2007 | 17561926 |
| priming with dna vaccine and boosting with killed vaccine conferring protection of chickens against infectious bursal disease. | the present study, including seven trials, was conducted to determine if priming with dna carrying a large segment gene of the ibdv and boosting with killed ibd vaccine could adequately confer protection of specific pathogen free (spf) chickens against ibd. one-day-old chickens were intramuscularly injected with dna plasmid coding for the large segment gene of the ibdv strain variant e (ve) (p/vp243/e) followed by an intramuscular injection of killed ibd vaccine containing both standard and vari ... | 2007 | 17561315 |
| use of a vectored vaccine against infectious bursal disease of chickens in the face of high-titred maternally derived antibody. | interference by maternally derived antibody (mda) is a major problem for the vaccination of young chickens against infectious bursal disease (ibd). the choice of the timing of vaccination and of the type (degree of attenuation) of modified-live vaccine (mlv) to use is often difficult. an ibd vectored vaccine (vhvt13), in which turkey herpesvirus (hvt) is used as the vector, was recently developed. this vaccine is administered once at the hatchery, either in ovo or by the subcutaneous route, to 1 ... | 2007 | 17560594 |
| chicken heat shock protein 90 is a component of the putative cellular receptor complex of infectious bursal disease virus. | infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) causes a highly contagious disease in young chicks and leads to significant economic losses in the poultry industry. the capsid protein vp2 of ibdv plays an important role in virus binding and cell recognition. vp2 forms a subviral particle (svp) with immunogenicity similar to that of the ibdv capsid. in the present study, we first showed that svp could inhibit ibdv infection to an ibdv-susceptible cell line, df-1 cells, in a dose-dependent manner. second, ... | 2007 | 17522206 |
| molecular characterization of field isolates and vaccine strains of infectious bursal disease virus. | the present investigation was conducted to study the genetic heterogenicity and molecular polymorphism among the field isolates and vaccine strains of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv). samples of bursa of fabricius from 15 suspected outbreaks of infectious bursal disease (ibd) were subjected to agar gel precipitation test (agpt), virus isolation and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) combined with restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp). nine out of 15 samples ... | 2008 | 17499851 |
| infectious bursal disease virus, a non-enveloped virus, possesses a capsid-associated peptide that deforms and perforates biological membranes. | double-stranded rna (dsrna) virions constitute transcriptionally competent machines that must translocate across cell membranes to function within the cytoplasm. the entry mechanism of such non-enveloped viruses is not well described. birnaviruses are unique among dsrna viruses because they possess a single shell competent for entry. we hereby report how infectious bursal disease virus, an avian birnavirus, can disrupt cell membranes and enter into its target cells. one of its four structural pe ... | 2007 | 17488723 |
| genetic characteristics of infectious bursal disease viruses from four continents. | following the initial discovery of very virulent infectious bursal disease virus (vvibdv) strains in europe, these viruses spread to many parts of the world. in this study, we examined the phylogenetic relationship of never-before-published ibdv from 18 countries on four continents. all the samples were collected between 1997 and 2005 and were reported to be from broiler flocks experiencing higher than expected mortality which is often associated with acute very virulent infectious bursal diseas ... | 2007 | 17488648 |
| screening of differentially expressed transcripts in infectious bursal disease virus-induced apoptotic chicken embryonic fibroblasts by using cdna microarrays. | infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) induces apoptosis and immunosuppression. to understand the molecular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of infectious bursal disease (ibd) and the host-directed antiviral responses, cdna microarrays were used to identify the differentially expressed transcripts in ibdv-infected chicken embryonic fibroblasts. the results suggest a general suppression of surface receptors, including cd40 ligand and sema4d. these are related to t- and b-cell activation an ... | 2007 | 17485540 |
| analyses of the results of different test systems in the 2005 global proficiency testing schemes for infectious bursal disease virus and newcastle disease virus antibody detection in chicken serum. | the results of global proficiency testing schemes (pts) for serological tests to detect antibodies against infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) and newcastle disease virus (ndv) in chicken serum, in which 125 and 120 laboratories, respectively, participated from africa, asia, europe, central and south america, were used to analyse the performances of different antibody test systems such as virus neutralization tests, haemagglutination inhibition tests, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and ag ... | 2007 | 17479380 |
| bilateral effects of vaccination against infectious bursal disease and newcastle disease in specific-pathogen-free layers and commercial broiler chickens. | different infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) live vaccines (intermediate, intermediate plus) were compared for their immunosuppressive abilities in specific-pathogen-free (spf) layer-type chickens or commercial broilers. the newcastle disease virus (ndv) vaccination model was applied to determine not only ibdv-induced immunosuppression but also bilateral effects between ibdv and ndv. none of the ibdv vaccines abrogated ndv vaccine-induced protection. all ndv-vaccinated spf layers and broiler ... | 2007 | 17461261 |
| detection of infectious bursal disease virus from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue by immunohistochemistry and real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. | formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissues blocks are used routinely to diagnose the economically important immunosuppressive infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) in chickens. immunohistochemical detection of viruses in tissue blocks has been done with varying results between laboratories. extraction of ibdv rna from tissue blocks allows ibdv strain identification at a molecular level. this allows correlation between virus identity and histological lesions present in the tissue. experimentally r ... | 2007 | 17459830 |
| development of a multi-mimotope peptide as a vaccine immunogen for infectious bursal disease virus. | to explore the mimotope vaccine approach against infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv), five ibdv-specific monoclonal antibodies (mabs) were prepared and their binding peptides were screened against a phage-displayed 12-mer peptide library. after three rounds of biopanning, 12 phages were selected for each mabs and their specificity to ibdv was verified by sandwich and competitive inhibition elisas. seven phages per mab were sequenced and their amino acid sequences were deduced. the five repres ... | 2007 | 17445956 |
| infectious bursal disease virus capsid assembly and maturation by structural rearrangements of a transient molecular switch. | infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv), a double-stranded rna (dsrna) virus belonging to the birnaviridae family, is an economically important avian pathogen. the ibdv capsid is based on a single-shelled t=13 lattice, and the only structural subunits are vp2 trimers. during capsid assembly, vp2 is synthesized as a protein precursor, called pvp2, whose 71-residue c-terminal end is proteolytically processed. the conformational flexibility of pvp2 is due to an amphipathic alpha-helix located at its ... | 2007 | 17442720 |
| [expression and immunogenic analysis for the tandem-arranged multiple mimic epitope gene of infectious bursal disease virus]. | five mimic epitopes of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) have been identified from a 12-mer phage-displayed peptide library by 5 monoclonal antibodies. based on the sequences of the five epitopes, multiple epitope gene 5epis was constructed by the five epitopes being tandemly arranged and linked with 4-peptide gggs. the expression plasmid pet-5epis was constructed and successfully expressed in e. coli. the resultant protein of 5epis was called r5epis. the results from sds-page analysis show ... | 2007 | 17436637 |
| an improved method for infectious bursal disease virus rescue using rna polymerase ii system. | reverse genetics system is an excellent platform to research the construction and function of viruses. genome modification, such as gene recombination, mosaicism, and mutation may interfere with replication, assembly and release of viruses. an efficient, convenient and economical method of virus rescue is undoubtedly required for elevating the efficiency of rescuing crippled virus. in this study, we developed a method to rescue infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) using rna polymerase ii. the ... | 2007 | 17383019 |
| molecular characterization of indian isolates of infectious bursal disease virus from broiler chickens. | the present study was undertaken to characterize recent field isolates of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) and partial sequencing of vp2 gene. the virus could be detected in 17 of 20 field samples from broiler chickens in haryana state, india as well as in all the four vaccine strains. nucleotide sequences of four field isolates and one vaccine strain were compared with 10 reported ibdv strains from different parts of the world. n ... | 2006 | 17381044 |
| human mxa protein confers resistance to double-stranded rna viruses of two virus families. | the interferon-induced human mxa protein belongs to the dynamin superfamily of large gtpases and accumulates in the cytoplasm. mxa is a key component of the innate antiviral response and has previously been shown to inhibit several viruses with single-stranded rna genomes of both polarities and a dna virus. in addition, mxa also targets two double-stranded rna viruses, infectious bursal disease virus and a mammalian reovirus as shown in this study. thus, the antiviral spectrum of human mxa is br ... | 2007 | 17374778 |
| replication of infectious bursal disease virus in macrophages and altered tropism of progeny virus. | we serially passaged classical infectious bursal disease virus (cibdv) and antigenic variant ibdv (vibdv) in an avian macrophage cell line, ncsu cells, referred as mcibdv and mvibdv respectively and examined the in vitro and in vivo characteristics of the macrophage-adapted viruses. ncsu adapted viruses caused earlier destruction of ncsu cells than the unadapted viruses. nitric oxide (no) was detected earlier in cultures infected with mcibdv and mvibdv than in cultures infected with cibdv and vi ... | 2007 | 17353055 |
| associations of bf2 alleles with antibody titres and production traits in commercial pure line broiler chickens. | three commercial broiler pure lines were evaluated for associations of sire bf2 (major histocompatibility complex class i) alleles with progeny phenotypic traits. significant bf2 associations with a subset of traits were observed in two lines. the bf2*21 allele was positively associated with antibody titre to infectious bursal disease virus in both lines. other associations were line-specific. | 2007 | 17326801 |
| health evaluation of free-ranging and captive blue-fronted amazon parrots (amazona aestiva) in the gran chaco, bolivia. | bolivia has a total of 47 species of psittacidae, seven of which have been identified in our study site, the semiarid gran chaco of the isoso. one species, the blue-fronted parrot (amazona aestiva), is frequently captured by local isoseño guaraní indians for exploitation on the national and international market. these birds are often temporarily housed in small villages under unhygienic conditions with poultry and other domestic species. on occasion, these parrots escape back to the wild. additi ... | 2005 | 17312715 |
| comparative bioefficacy of lysine from l-lysine hydrochloride or l-lysine sulfate in basal diets containing graded levels of canola meal for female broiler chickens. | a broiler growth assay was conducted to compare the efficacy of l-lysine hcl and l-lysine sulfate at a graded addition of canola meal (cm). a total of 1,440 1-d-old female hubbard broiler chicks were allotted randomly to 6 dietary treatments each in 4 replicates of 60 birds per pen. the 2 lysine sources (l-lysine hcl and l-lysine sulfate) and the 3 cm levels (10, 15, and 20%) were used in 2 x 3 factorial arrangement in isonitrogenous (19% cp) and equicaloric (2,700 kcal of me/kg) diets containin ... | 2007 | 17297165 |
| detection of very virulent strains of infectious bursal disease virus (vvibdv) in commercial broilers from uruguay. | bursal samples were collected from commercial broiler flocks exhibiting clinical signs suggestive of infectious bursal disease (ibd). the presence of ibd virus (ibdv) was confirmed by partial amplification of the vp2 and vp1 genes by reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction. the uruguayan viruses were identified as very virulent strains of ibdv (vvibdv) by nucleotide and amino acid sequence analysis. the comparison of the vp2 nucleotide sequences among the uruguayan samples revealed t ... | 2006 | 17274305 |
| a practical tissue sampling method using ordinary paper for molecular detection of infectious bursal disease virus rna by rt-pcr. | a practical sampling method for bursal tissue using ordinary paper for molecular diagnosis of infectious bursal disease (ibd) was established. ibd virus-infected bursa was directly smeared on chromatography paper, filter paper, or stationery copy paper and was then fixed with absolute ethanol, tris-hcl-saturated phenol, or phenol:chloroform:isoamyl alcohol (25:24:1). flinders technology associates (fta) card, which is designed for the collection of biological samples for molecular detection, was ... | 2006 | 17274294 |
| inclusion body hepatitis as a primary disease in broilers in saskatchewan, canada. | in recent years inclusion body hepatitis (ibh) has emerged as an economically important disease in western canada. historically, infections with infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) and chicken anemia virus (cav) have been known to suppress the immune system of broilers and make them more susceptible to a secondary disease such as ibh. recently it has been reported that virulent adenoviruses are able to cause ibh as a primary disease in broilers without apparent involvement of ibdv and cav. th ... | 2006 | 17274293 |
| restriction fragment length polymorphism typing of infectious bursal disease virus field strains in turkey. | infectious bursal disease (ibd), also known as gumboro disease, is a highly contagious, immunosuppressive disease of immature chickens. it is caused by ibd virus (ibdv) and is responsible for major economic losses in the poultry industry worldwide. in this study, 280 bursa samples from 56 commercially reared chicken flocks in turkey with clinical symptoms of ibd were examined for ibdvs using the reverse transcription (rt)-polymerase chain reaction (pcr)/restriction fragment length polymorphism ( ... | 2006 | 17274292 |
| molecular characteristics of infectious bursal disease viruses from asymptomatic broiler flocks in europe. | infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) exists in several different antigenic and pathogenic forms. the immune suppression caused by this virus in young chickens is not always associated with clinical signs of disease. the antigenic variant viruses originally described in the united states typically do not cause clinical signs of disease but can cause a marked immune suppression via the destruction of b lymphocytes. using a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) assay we conduct ... | 2006 | 17274290 |
| identification of infectious bursal disease viruses from rna extracted from paraffin-embedded tissue. | after histopathologic screening of bursas of fabricius for the presence of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) lesions, the hypervariable region of the vp2 gene for ibdv was extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue blocks. with real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) and sequencing, ibdv was identified in 227 different blocks. the ability to identify the actual virus strain associated with the lesions observed microscopically in the bursa of fabricius ... | 2006 | 17274281 |
| molecular characterization of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv): diversity of very virulent ibdv in tanzania. | nucleotide sequences of the vp2 hypervariable region (vp2-hvr) of 14 infectious bursal disease viruses (ibdvs) isolated in tanzania from 2001 to 2004 were determined. phylogenetic analysis showed that the isolates diverged into two genotypes and belonged to the very virulent (vv) type. in the phylogenetic tree, strains in one genotype clustered in a distinct group and were closely related to some strains isolated in western africa, with nucleotide similarities of 96.1-96.8%, while strains in ano ... | 2007 | 17226068 |
| associations of myostatin gene polymorphisms with performance and mortality traits in broiler chickens. | myostatin is a negative regulator of skeletal muscle growth. we evaluated effects of myostatin polymorphisms in three elite commercial broiler chicken lines on mortality, growth, feed conversion efficiency, ultrasound breast depth, breast percentage, eviscerated carcass weight, leg defects, blood oxygen level, and hen antibody titer to infectious bursal disease virus vaccine. progeny mean data adjusted for fixed and mate effects and dna from 100 sires per line were used. single nucleotide polymo ... | 2007 | 17212949 |
| cloning and nucleotide analysis of the vp2 gene of a very virulent infectious bursal disease virus isolate from iran. | an iranian field isolate (ir01) of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) was characterized by sequence analysis of its vp2 gene and protein. comparison of the obtained sequences with those of ibdv isolates from other countries revealed that ir01 was similar to very virulent ibdv (vvibdv) strains with the identities at nucleotide and amino acid levels reaching 98.198.9% and 99.199.3%, respectively. on the other hand, it was less similar to non-vvibdv strains; with nucleotide and amino acid ident ... | 2006 | 17177607 |
| a comparison of immune responses to infection with virulent infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) between specific-pathogen-free chickens infected at 12 and 28 days of age. | previous studies indicated that the pathogenesis of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) may vary depending on the age of the infected chicken. the reason for this difference is not clear, immunopathogenesis studies comparing different age groups are lacking. in the present study the ibdv-immunopathogenesis was compared in 12-day-old and 28-day-old specific-pathogen-free layer-type chickens. birds were inoculated with the classic virulent strain ibdv-im. interestingly, the up-regulation of int ... | 2007 | 17157923 |
| transcriptional profiles of chicken embryo cell cultures following infection with infectious bursal disease virus. | infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) is the causative agent of infectious bursal disease in chickens and causes a significant economic loss for the poultry industry. little is understood about the mechanism involved in the host responses to ibdv infection. for better understanding the ibdv-host interaction, we measured steady-state levels of transcripts from 28 cellular genes of chicken embryo (ce) cell cultures infected with ibdv vaccine stain bursine-2 during a 7-day infection course by use ... | 2007 | 17143781 |
| cloned vero cell lines transfected with full-length a-segment or orf1 cdna sequence of ibdv. | recombinant plasmids containing the a-segment or vp2/4/3 gene of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) were transfected into vero cells. monoclonal vero cell lines were generated under g418 selection. genomic (pcr/southern blot) and transcriptional (rt-pcr/northern blot) analyses showed that one copy of a-segment or vp2/4/3 or a partial gene of them was randomly and stably inserted into genomic dna of vero cells, and was able to transcribe corresponding mrna. ifa/ipma and western blot analyses ... | 2007 | 17137796 |
| diseases of indigenous chickens in bokaa village, kgatleng district, botswana. | this study examined flock size and management, level of internal and external parasite burden and seroprevalence of antibodies to poultry pathogens in indigenous chickens in bokaa village, kgatleng district, botswana. the mean flock size was 22.6 +/- 6.85 with a range of 11-34. the mean body weights of cocks and hens were 2.28 +/- 0.56 kg and 1.70 +/- 0.38 kg, respectively. housing and commercial poultry feed were not provided. ascaridia galli, heterakis gallinarum and syngamus trachea were foun ... | 2006 | 17137053 |
| in vitro expression and monoclonal antibody of rna-dependent rna polymerase for infectious bursal disease virus. | vp1, the rna-dependent rna polymerase of infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv), has been suggested to play an essential role in the replication and translation of viral rnas. in this study, we first expressed the complete vp1 protein gene in escherichia coli (e. coli), and then the produced polyclonal antibody and four monoclonal antibodies (mabs) to recombinant vp1 protein (rvp1) were shown to bind the ibdv particles in chicken embryo fibroblast and vero cells. the epitopic analysis showed tha ... | 2006 | 17132096 |
| epidemiological and experimental evidence for immunodeficiency affecting avian infectious bronchitis. | we evaluated the effects of viral immunodeficiency on the outcome of infectious bronchitis virus (ibv) infection in chickens as a hypothetical cause for failure of adequate protection in vaccinated chickens. initially, we investigated ibv isolations from cases of respiratory disease in association with the presence of thymic and/or bursal atrophy in 322 submissions during 1997 to 2002. arkansas (ark)-type ibv was most frequently isolated in spite of extensive arkdpi vaccination in the broiler in ... | 2006 | 17121734 |
| effects of dda, cpg-odn, and plasmid-encoded chicken ifn-gamma on protective immunity by a dna vaccine against ibdv in chickens. | this study examined the adjuvant effects of dimethyl dioctadecyl ammonium bromide (dda), cpg oligodeoxynucleotides (cpg-odn), and chicken interferon-gamma (chifn-gamma) on a dna vaccine (pcdna-vp243) against the infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv). a plasmid encoding chicken ifn-ã was constructed. twice at 2-week intervals, two-week-old chickens were injected intramuscularly and intraperitoneally with either a dna vaccine alone or a dna vaccine together with the respective adjuvants. on week ... | 2006 | 17106228 |
| full genome sequence and some biological properties of reticuloendotheliosis virus strain apc-566 isolated from endangered attwater's prairie chickens. | reticuloendotheliosis virus (rev) causes runting, high mortality, immunosuppression, and chronic neoplasia associated with t and/or b cell lymphomas in a variety of domestic and wild birds, including attwater's prairie chickens (apc) (tympanuchus cupido attwateri). the complete proviral sequence of a recent rev isolate from apc (rev apc-566) was determined. this virus was isolated from an apc maintained in captivity in a reproduction program intended to avoid its extinction. rev apc-566 was dete ... | 2007 | 17098316 |
| hematology, serum chemistry, and serology of galápagos penguins (spheniscus mendiculus) in the galápagos islands, ecuador. | the galápagos penguin (spheniscus mendiculus) is an endangered species endemic to the galápagos islands, ecuador. in 2003 and 2004, 195 penguins from 13 colonies on the islands of isabela and fernandina in the galápagos archipelago were examined. genetic sexing of 157 penguins revealed 62 females and 95 males. hematology consisted of packed cell volume (n = 134), white blood cell differentials (n = 83), and hemoparasite blood smear evaluation (n = 114). microfilariae were detected in 22% (25/114 ... | 2006 | 17092893 |
| the effect of co-administration of dna carrying chicken interferon-gamma gene on protection of chickens against infectious bursal disease by dna-mediated vaccination. | the purpose of the present study was to determine whether dna vaccination by co-administration of dna coding for chicken interferon-gamma (ifn-gamma) gene and dna encoding for the vp243 gene of ibdv could enhance immune response and protection efficacy of chickens against challenge by ibdv. plasmids carrying vp243 gene of ibdv strain variant e (ve) (p/vp243/e) and chicken ifn-gamma gene (p/cifn-gamma) were constructed, respectively. one-day-old chickens were intramuscularly injected with p/vp243 ... | 2006 | 17050043 |
| molecular analysis of infectious bursal disease virus from bursal tissues collected on fta filter paper. | we investigated the feasibility of using fta filter cards for the storage of bursas of fabricius containing infectious bursal disease virus (ibdv) and for ibdv detection by reverse transcriptase (rt)-polymerase chain reaction (pcr), and characterization by restriction fragment length polymorphism (rflp) or nucleotide sequencing. the fta card is a cotton-based cellulose membrane containing lyophilized chemicals that lyses many types of bacteria and viruses. ibdv was inactivated upon contact with ... | 2006 | 17039839 |