Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| immunotoxicological effects of a sub-chronic exposure to selected current-use pesticides in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | many current-use pesticides (cups) are found at increasing concentrations in aquatic environments, yet relatively little is known about their effects on the immune system of fish. we examined the in vivo effects of three pesticides (chlorothalonil, cypermethrin and pentachlorophenol) on the immune system of juvenile rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) by assessing a suite of innate immune function tests, as well as a host resistance test using listonella anguillarum. increased activity of phagoc ... | 2009 | 19237205 |
| kinetics of hepatic phase i and ii biotransformation reactions in eight finfish species. | hepatic microsomes and cytosols of channel catfish (ictalurus punctatus), rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss), atlantic salmon (salmo salar), red tilapia (oreochromis sp.), largemouth bass (micropterussalmoides), striped bass (morone saxatilis), hybrid striped bass (m. saxatilis x m. crysops), and bluegill (lepomis macrochuris) (n=8) were used to study the kinetics of phase i (ecod, erod, prod, brod) and phase ii (udp-glucuronosyltransferase (udpgt)-, sulfotransferase (st)- and glutathione-s-tra ... | 2009 | 19201019 |
| microhabitat selection of discocotyle sagittata (monogenea: polyopisthocotylea) in farmed rainbow trout. | microhabitat preference of the monogenean discocotyle sagittata (leuckart, 1842) was determined in late spring and late autumn in rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss (walbaum), reared in the isle of man, u.k. discocotyle sagittata exhibits a preference for attachment to anterior gill arches: 29% of all worms occurred on gill arch i, 28% on ii, 25% on iii and 18% on iv. this distribution pattern on the introduced salmonid species is the same as reported for its native european host, the brown trou ... | 2008 | 19175205 |
| long-term uvb irradiation affects the immune functions of carp (cyprinus carpio) and rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | the effects of long-term, low-dose ultraviolet b (uvb) radiation on immune functions of two fish species representing different taxonomic groups, carp (cyprinus carpio) and rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss), were assessed in this study. the fish were exposed to 7, 20 or 60 mj cm(-2) uvb three times per week, for 6 weeks. in carp, uvb exposure affected the respiratory burst activity of blood and head kidney phagocytes, differential blood leukocyte counts and blood chemistry. phytohemagglutinin ... | 2009 | 19161399 |
| strawberry disease lesions in rainbow trout from southern idaho are associated with dna from a rickettsia-like organism. | strawberry disease (sd) in the usa is a skin disorder of unknown etiology that occurs in rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss and is characterized by bright red inflammatory lesions. to identify a candidate bacterial agent responsible for sd, we constructed 16s rdna libraries from 7 sd lesion samples and 2 apparently healthy skin samples from sd-affected fish. a 16s rdna sequence highly similar to members of the order rickettsiales was present in 3 lesion libraries at 1%, 32% and 54% prevalence, bu ... | 2008 | 19149374 |
| real-time pcr detection of moritella viscosa, the likely causal agent of winter-ulcer in atlantic salmon salmo salar and rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss. | we report the development of a real-time pcr protocol for specific detection of moritella viscosa. this bacterium is considered to be the main aetiological agent in development of winter-ulcer, a disease severely affecting salmonid aquaculture in norway. from a newly elaborated draft version of the genome of m. viscosa, the tonb gene sequence was selected as a suitable basis for the development of the real-time pcr assay. the real-time pcr demonstrated the presence of m. viscosa dna sequences in ... | 2008 | 19149373 |
| rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) and ultra-low dose cancer studies. | cancer risk assessment utilizing rodents requires extrapolation across five orders of magnitude to estimate the virtually safe dose (vsd). regulatory agencies rely upon the linear extrapolated dose (led) except when sufficient information on mechanism of action justifies alternative models. rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) has been utilized at oregon state university as a model for human cancer for forty years. low cost and high capacity, made possible by our unique facility, along with low s ... | 2009 | 19135172 |
| molecular and morphological analysis of myxobolus spp. of salmonid fishes with the description of a new myxobolus species. | while investigating the parasite fauna of wild coho salmon. oncorhynchus kisutch (walbaum, 1792), histological examination provided evidence of a new species of myxobolus (myxozoa: myxosporea) infecting nerves of skeletal muscle. spores were morphologically similar to those of the intramuscular myxobolus insidiosus wyatt and pratt, 1963, both having pyriform spores with clavate polar capsules. however, the former developed exclusively in the nerves of skeletal muscle rather than in myocytes. we ... | 2008 | 19127969 |
| dual dna vaccination of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) against two different rhabdoviruses, vhsv and ihnv, induces specific divalent protection. | dna vaccines encoding the glycoprotein genes of the salmonid rhabdoviruses vhsv and ihnv are very efficient in eliciting protective immune responses against their respective diseases in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). the early anti-viral response (eavr) provides protection by 4 days post vaccination and is non-specific and transient while the specific anti-viral response (savr) is long lasting and highly specific. since both vhsv and ihnv are endemic in rainbow trout in several geographica ... | 2009 | 19118593 |
| evaluation of oxidative dna damage promoted by storage in sperm from sex-reversed rainbow trout. | short-term storage and cryopreservation of sperm are two common procedures in aquaculture, used for routine practices in artificial insemination reproduction and gene banking, respectively. nevertheless, both procedures cause injuries affecting sperm motility, viability, cell structure and dna stability, which diminish reproductive success. dna modification is considered extremely important, especially when sperm storage is carried out with gene banking purposes. dna damage caused by sperm stora ... | 2009 | 19117601 |
| genetic characterisation of farmed rainbow trout in norway: intra- and inter-strain variation reveals potential for identification of escapees. | the rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) is one of the most important aquaculture species in the world, and norway is one of the largest producers. the present study was initiated in response to a request from the norwegian police authority to identify the farm of origin for 35 escaped rainbow trout captured in a fjord. eleven samples, each consisting of approximately 47 fish, were collected from the three farms operating in the fjord where the escapees were captured. in order to gain a better ge ... | 2008 | 19087266 |
| vibriosis as an epizootic disease of rainbow trout (onchorynchus mykiss) in turkey. | vibrio anguillarum o1 was isolated from diseased cultured rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss, in the southern aegean of turkey with lesions and signs of vibriosis. gram (-), motile and curved rods from diseased rainbow trout were identified after physiological, biochemical and slide agglutination tests as v. anguillarum o1. koch postulates were fulfilled with the isolated bacteria. the antibiotic susceptible test results showed that v. anguillarum strains were susceptibility to amoxycillin, ampyc ... | 2007 | 19086527 |
| microbiological changes occurring in trout fillets (oncorhynchus mykiss w. 1792) salted and treated with potassium sorbate during production and storage. | in this study, microbiological changes during processing and storage of salted-cured trout fillets treated with potassium sorbate were investigated. for this purpose, 10 and 15% (w/w) nacl and 1, 5 and 10% (w/v) potassium sorbate were applied to the fillets. the processed fillets were vacuum-packed and storage at 4 degrees c. the samples were analyzed in some periods of production and in the storage days of 7, 14, 28, 42, 56, 70 and 84 for numbers of total mesophilic aerob, psycrophylic, yeast a ... | 2007 | 19070084 |
| assessment of mercuric chloride toxicity on rainbow trouts (oncorhynchus mykiss) and chubs (alburnoides bipunctatus). | acute toxicity of mercury-ii chloride (hgcl2), one of most toxic pollutants for aquatic ecosystems, in chub (alburnoides bipunctatus) and rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) was investigated in the present study. actual concentration of hgcl2 was ranged from 0.10 to 8.00 mg l(-1). concentrations of hgcl2 that killed 50% of the chub and rainbow trout within 96 h (96 h lc50) were estimated as 0.205 and 0.814 mg l(-1), respectively. acute toxicity tests were evaluated by the finney's probit analysi ... | 2007 | 19070058 |
| growth of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss, w. 1792) in net cages in almus dam lake (tokat). | the growth performance of rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss, (initial weight 100 g) were tried in net cages in almus dam lake in tokat. rainbow trout were tried in net cages with 4 kg m(-3) stocking rearing density with four replicates. rainbow trout were fed adlibitum with pellet feed numbered 4. investigation was continued 106 days between august and november, 2003. at the end of the trial live weight increment was computed as 165,91 g and also specific growth rate 0,915, condition factor 1,5 ... | 2007 | 19069899 |
| aneuploid sperm formation in rainbow trout exposed to the environmental estrogen 17{alpha}-ethynylestradiol. | environmental contaminants that mimic native estrogens (i.e., environmental estrogens) are known to significantly impact a wide range of vertebrate species and have been implicated as a source for increasing human male reproductive deficiencies and diseases. despite the widespread occurrence of environmental estrogens and recognized detrimental effects on male vertebrate reproduction, no specific mechanism has been determined indicating how reduced fertility and/or fecundity is achieved. previou ... | 2008 | 19066213 |
| immunohistochemical localization of rainbow trout ladderlectin and intelectin in healthy and infected rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | in the present study, the pattern of immuno-reactive ladderlectin and intelectin in healthy rainbow trout is compared to rainbow trout infected with a variety of infectious agents. in healthy rainbow trout, both proteins were localized to individual epithelial cells of the gill and intestine and both proteins were clearly demonstrated within cytoplasmic granules of polymorphonuclear leucocytes and macrophages/monocytes found in blood vessels, hepatic sinusoids, renal interstitium, mucosal epithe ... | 2009 | 19046637 |
| rainbow trout resistance to bacterial cold-water disease is moderately heritable and is not adversely correlated with growth. | the objectives of this study were to estimate the heritabilities for and genetic correlations among resistance to bacterial cold-water disease and growth traits in a population of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). bacterial cold-water disease, a chronic disease of rainbow trout, is caused by flavobacterium psychrophilum. this bacterium also causes acute losses in young fish, known as rainbow trout fry syndrome. selective breeding for increased disease resistance is a promising strategy that h ... | 2009 | 19028851 |
| serum disposition of bovine lactoferrin after oral and anal administration and its proteolytic cleavage by gastric transit in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss w.). | several studies have shown an immunomodulatory effect of orally administered bovine lactoferrin (lf) in fish, but the process of digestion was not characterized. in the present study, we investigated the fate of bovine lf after oral and anal administration, and studied the appearance of intact lf in the bloodstream and its proteolytic attack during the gastric transit in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) held at 9 degrees c and 18 degrees c. data obtained showed the presence of intact bovine l ... | 2009 | 19028427 |
| seasonality of gyrodactylus brachymystacis ergens on farmed rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss (walbaum), in central china, with a report of an infection on wild manchurian trout, brachymystax lenok (pallas). | 2008 | 19017070 | |
| molecular cloning and characterization analysis of immunoglobulin m heavy chain gene in european eel (anguilla anguilla). | in this study, the immunoglobulin m heavy chain gene of european eel (anguilla anguilla) was cloned and analyzed. the full-length cdna of the igm heavy chain gene (genbank accession no. ef062515) has 2089 nucleotides encoding a putative protein of 581 amino acids. the igm heavy chain was composed of leader peptide (l), variable domain (vh), ch1, ch2, hinge, ch3, ch4, and c-terminus and two novel continuous putative n-glycosylation sites were found close to the second cysteine of ch3 in a. anguil ... | 2009 | 19013650 |
| modulation of splenic immune responses to bacterial lipopolysaccharide in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) fed lentinan, a beta-glucan from mushroom lentinula edodes. | immunostimulants (is) are considered a promising approach for improving resistance to pathogens in fish aquaculture. at present, development of is are complicated due to limited knowledge on the mechanisms of their action. to assess the use of global gene expression analysis for screening of candidate is we applied lentinan, a beta-glucan from the mushroom lentinula edodes, as a model. after feeding rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) with lentinan-supplemented (l) and control (c) diets for 37 d ... | 2009 | 19010422 |
| characterization of rainbow trout cell lines using microsatellite dna profiling. | ten microsatellite loci (omy27du,omy325(a3)uog, omyfgt5tuf,omyfgt14tuf, omyfgt15tuf,omyfgt23tuf, omy77du,ssa20.19nuig, ots1bml, andone18asc) were amplified using the polymerase chain reaction to create genetic profiles for nine cell lines (rtg-2, rth-149,rtl-w1,rtgill-w1, rts-11, rts-34st, rtp-2, rtp-91e and rtp-91f) from rainbow trout(oncorhynchus mykiss) and one cell line (chse-214) from chinook salmon (o. tschawytscha). a cell line (phl) from anon-salmonid, the pacific herring (clupea harengu ... | 2001 | 19002917 |
| characterisation of the differentially regulated trout protein 1 (drtp1) gene in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | increased levels of differentially regulated trout protein 1 (drtp1) mrna transcripts have been reported in fish after activation of the acute phase response. while the function of the drtp1 protein still remains to be elucidated, this study focused on the genomic organisation of the gene, the quantification of the drtp1 transcript in various tissues, and the isolation and analysis of the 5' regulatory region of the drtp1 gene in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). analysis of the drtp1 genomic ... | 2009 | 18992823 |
| cr3 complement receptor: cloning and characterization in rainbow trout. | the beta 2 integrin cr3 is a leukocyte adhesion heterodimeric glycoprotein which functions both as receptor for ic3b and in several cell-cell and cell-substrate adhesion interactions. in order to elucidate the molecular evolution of the cr3 receptor, here we report the cloning and characterization of its beta2 (cd18) and am (cd11b) subunits in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). the predicted polypeptide sequences of trout cd18 and cd11b-like exhibit 50, 49, or 61% and 25, 25, or 30% identity w ... | 2009 | 18992821 |
| detection and genotyping of an infectious pancreatic necrosis virus from asymptomatic rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) facilities in mexico. | infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (ipnv) is a birnavirus that causes a lethal disease in both hatchery-reared juvenile salmonids and other non-salmonid fishes. ipnv has been classified into seven genogroups based on the analysis of the vp2/ns junction region of the viral a rna segment. | 2008 | 18987484 |
| hydrogen sulfide stimulates catecholamine secretion in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | we tested the hypothesis that endogenously produced hydrogen sulfide (h(2)s) can potentially contribute to the adrenergic stress response in rainbow trout by initiating catecholamine secretion from chromaffin cells. during acute hypoxia (water po(2) = 35 mmhg), plasma h(2)s levels were significantly elevated concurrently with a rise in circulating catecholamine concentrations. tissues enriched with chromaffin cells (posterior cardinal vein and anterior kidney) produced h(2)s in vitro when incuba ... | 2009 | 18987290 |
| transcription of immune genes upon challenge with viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (vhsv) in dna vaccinated rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | even though dna vaccination has proven as one of the most effective methods in controlling fish rhabdoviruses, the immune mechanisms responsible for protection are still unknown. many studies have focused on studying which cytokines and immune genes are triggered in response to the vaccine at different times post-vaccination. however, to elucidate the mechanism(s) responsible for protection, to our understanding it is also of great relevance to study the immune response to the virus in fish that ... | 2009 | 18977266 |
| the gyrodactylidae fauna of rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss walbaum 1792 in the rogg breeding pound in bavaria, germany. | in july 2005, 107 rainbow trout in age 1+ from a salmonid farm in southern germany situated in the southern tributary area of the danube river were examined. the aim of this study was to determine the gyrodactylid species found on rainbow trout and to identify their location on the host's body. in total, 291 specimens from genus gyrodactylus were collected. the most abundantly occurring species was gyrodactylus truttae (181 specimens), whilst the others were less abundant. for the first time in ... | 2009 | 18975000 |
| effects of atrazine on hepatic metabolism and endocrine homeostasis in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | the herbicide atrazine (atz) is one of the most widely used pesticides in the world and is now under scrutiny for its alleged capacity to disrupt the endocrine system. exhibiting negligible interaction with the estrogen receptor (er), atz's mode of action remains to be elucidated. atz may act as an inducer of the enzyme aromatase, which converts androgens to estrogens, although other mechanisms should also be taken into consideration such as impairment of hepatic metabolism. therefore we adminis ... | 2009 | 18973769 |
| arsenic speciation patterns in freshwater fish. | muscle of 16 freshwater fish (9 different species belonging to 4 different families) was analysed for arsenic species using hplc separation (anion and cation exchange) followed by on-line uv-decomposition, hydride generation and afs detection. the main arsenic compounds found in the extracts were arsenobetaine (asb), which accounted for 92-100% of extractable arsenic in species of salmonids (salmo marmoratus, oncorhynchus mykiss, salmo trutta m. fario), and dimethylarsinic acid (dmaa), which acc ... | 2004 | 18969382 |
| changes induced by dietary energy intake and divergent selection for muscle fat content in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss), assessed by transcriptome and proteome analysis of the liver. | growing interest is turned to fat storage levels and allocation within body compartments, due to their impact on human health and quality properties of farm animals. energy intake and genetic background are major determinants of fattening in most animals, including humans. previous studies have evidenced that fat deposition depends upon balance between various metabolic pathways. using divergent selection, we obtained rainbow trout with differences in fat allocation between visceral adipose tiss ... | 2008 | 18959775 |
| expression profiles of cytokines released in intestinal epithelial cells of the rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss, in response to bacterial infection. | to determine whether fish intestinal epithelial cells (iecs) contribute to mucosal immunity, we established a method for isolating iecs from the rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss and examined cytokine production in these cells. components of the intestinal epithelium were released by incubation of intestinal pieces with 1mm dithiothreitol (dtt)/ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (edta). the iec-rich fraction (purity >90%; survival rate approximately 95%) was obtained by centrifugation on a 35%/40% ... | 2009 | 18952122 |
| membrane transformations in degenerating rodlet cells in fishes of two teleostean families (salmonidae, cyprinidae). | rodlet cells (rcs) of teleosts are identified by their fibrillar capsule and peculiar inclusions, the rodlets, consisting of a club-like sac and a central dense core. former ultrastructural studies showing signs of hypertrophy of endoplasmic reticulum (er) were followed up in salmonids (oncorhynchus mykiss, salmo trutta l.) and compared with cyprinids (cyprinus carpio l., carassius auratus l., alburnus alburnus). focusing on membrane transformations, unusual undulations of the membranes of rodle ... | 2008 | 18951513 |
| in silico identification and molecular characterization of genes predominantly expressed in the fish oocyte. | in fish, molecular mechanisms that control follicle-enclosed oocyte progression throughout oogenesis and oocyte developmental competence acquisition remain poorly understood. existing data in mammals have indicated that the so called "oocyte-specific" genes play an important role in oogenesis, fertilization, and early embryo development. in teleost species, very little is known about "oocyte-specific" genes. the present study therefore aimed at identifying and characterizing oocyte-specific gene ... | 2008 | 18947432 |
| potential for dissemination of the nonnative salmonid parasite myxobolus cerebralis in alaska. | myxobolus cerebralis, the myxozoan parasite responsible for whirling disease in salmonids, was first introduced into the united states in 1958 and has since spread across the country, causing severe declines in wild trout populations in the intermountain western united states. the recent detection of the parasite in alaska is further evidence of the species' capability to invade and colonize new habitat. this study qualitatively assesses the risk of further spread and establishment of m. cerebra ... | 2008 | 18942590 |
| a new real time pcr-based assay for diagnosing renibacterium salmoninarum in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) and comparison with other techniques. | bacterial kidney disease of salmonid is caused by a slow-growing gram-positive bacterium, renibacterium salmoninarum. this bacterium lives both extra-cellular and intra-cellular in the host. serological and molecular diagnostic methods to detect the bacterium major surface protein antigen p57 have been developed. in the present work, a newly developed quantitative reverse transcriptase-pcr (rt-qpcr), using self-quenched fluorescent primer (lux), a nested pcr (npcr), a commercial elisa and recent ... | 2009 | 18938198 |
| liver microsomes and s9 from rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss): comparison of basal-level enzyme activities with rat and determination of xenobiotic intrinsic clearance in support of bioaccumulation assessment. | metabolism plays an important role in bioaccumulation of xenobiotics in fish. the applicability of trout liver microsomes and s9 fraction in bioaccumulation assessment of xenobiotics in fish was investigated in the present study. basal-level activities of 7-ethoxyresorufin-o-dealkylase, testosterone 6beta-hydroxylase, glutathione-s-transferase, and uridine 5'-diphospho-glucuronosyltransferase in trout liver microsomes and s9 were significantly lower than those in rat liver microsomes and s9. the ... | 2009 | 18937539 |
| biomechanics of a convergently derived prey-processing mechanism in fishes: evidence from comparative tongue bite apparatus morphology and raking kinematics. | a tongue-bite apparatus (tba) governs raking behaviors in two major and unrelated teleost lineages, the osteoglossomorph and salmoniform fishes. we present data on comparative morphology and kinematics from two representative species, the rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) and the australian arowana (scleropages jardinii), which suggest that both the tba and raking are convergently derived in these lineages. similar tba morphologies were present, except for differences in tba dentition and shap ... | 2008 | 18931311 |
| semipermeable membrane devices link site-specific contaminants to effects: part 1 - induction of cyp1a in rainbow trout from contaminants in prince william sound, alaska. | extracts from semi-permeable membrane devices (spmds) deployed on beaches in prince william sound (pws), alaska, were used to evaluate if complex contaminant mixtures from different sources can be distinguished by the resulting cytochrome p450 1a (cyp1a) activity in exposed test animals. deployment sites included canneries, salmon hatcheries, and beaches where lingering oil remains from discharges during the 1964 earthquake or the 1989 exxon valdez oil spill. other sites were selected at random ... | 2008 | 18845333 |
| immunohistochemical localization of constitutive and inducible heat shock protein 70 in carp (cyprinus carpio) and trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) exposed to transport stress. | in the present work we investigated by immunohistochemistry the cellular localization of constitutive as well as inducible heat shock protein 70 in several tissues of common carp (cyprinus carpio) and rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) exposed to transport stress.in carp, the constitutive form (hsc70) was detected only in red skeletal muscle of both control and stressed animals. in the same species, the inducible form (hsp70) was evident in the epithelia of renal tubules,gills and skin of stres ... | 2008 | 18840560 |
| the inflammatory response of fish to helminth parasites. | fish serve as a good model for studying vertebrate immune systems because they have a relatively simple system. descriptions of histopathological effects of helminth parasites on fish are few and far between with limited observations made on the identification of the inflammatory cells involved in the host reaction. recently, two cell types found within teleosts received a great deal of attention, namely mast cells and rodlet cells. fish most cells also known as eosinophilic granule cells, are m ... | 2008 | 18814717 |
| immune-relevant genes expressed in rainbow trout following immunisation with a live vaccine against ichthyophthirius multifiliis. | rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss were immunised by intra-peritoneal injection using a live vaccine based on ichthyophthirius multifiliis (ich) theronts, which previously has shown protection against white spot disease. samples were taken pre-vaccination and on day 1, 7, 21 and 28 post-immunisation (p.i.). expression of immune relevant genes in the liver, spleen and head kidney was monitored by qpcr. to describe the immune reaction following this immunisation, a series of genes encoding cytokine ... | 2008 | 18814544 |
| emergence of novel streptococcus iniae exopolysaccharide-producing strains following vaccination with nonproducing strains. | streptococcus iniae is a major pathogen of fish, producing fatal disease among fish species living in very diverse environments. recently, reoccurrences of disease outbreaks were recorded in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss, walbaum) farms where the entire fish population was routinely vaccinated. new strains are distinguished from previous strains by their ability to produce large amounts of extracellular polysaccharide that is released into the medium. present findings indicate that the extr ... | 2008 | 18806000 |
| surveillance of health status on eight marine rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss (walbaum), farms in denmark in 2006. | the health status of eight marine rainbow trout farms was followed from mid-june to mid-september 2006 by sampling both dead and healthy fish approximately every 2 weeks for bacteriological and virological investigation. no fish pathogenic viruses were detected, but all farms experienced disease and mortality as a result of various bacterial infections. yersinia ruckeri was found on four and renibacterium salmoninarum on five of the farms, but only during the first part of the surveillance perio ... | 2008 | 18786028 |
| phenotypic and genotypic analysis of flavobacterium psychrophilum isolates from ontario salmonids with bacterial coldwater disease. | flavobacterium psychrophilum is the causative agent of bacterial coldwater disease (bcwd) and rainbow trout fry syndrome. bcwd has a considerable economic impact on aquaculture operations in ontario, canada, and our limited understanding of the population structure and epidemiology of f. psychrophilum isolates is an impediment to the development of improved management strategies. seventy-five 16s rrna gene and gyr polymerase chain reaction positive isolates of f. psychrophilum that had been coll ... | 2008 | 18772924 |
| innate immune response in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) against primary and secondary infections with yersinia ruckeri o1. | response mechanisms in teleosts against bacterial pathogens have been widely studied following injection procedures applying preparations of killed bacteria. in contrast, investigations on immune reactions in fish which have survived a primary infection and subsequently have been challenged are few or lacking. however, knowledge on these factors during infection and re-infection could provide the basis for development of improved vaccines. the innate immune response in rainbow trout (oncorhynchu ... | 2009 | 18760303 |
| differences in virulence of marine and freshwater isolates of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus in vivo correlate with in vitro ability to infect gill epithelial cells and macrophages of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | two strains of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (vhsv) with known different virulence characteristics in vivo were studied (by a time course approach) for their abilities to infect and translocate across a primary culture of gill epithelial cells (gec) of rainbow trout (rbt; oncorhynchus mykiss). the strains included one low-virulence marine vhsv (ma-vhsv) strain, ma-1p8, and a highly pathogenic freshwater vhsv (fw-vhsv) strain, fw-dk-3592b. infectivities toward trout head kidney macrophages w ... | 2008 | 18753199 |
| immunization of rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss (walbaum), with a low molecular mass fraction isolated from flavobacterium psychrophilum. | flavobacterium psychrophilum, the causative agent of rainbow trout fry syndrome has become a widespread fish pathogen in freshwater aquaculture worldwide. in this study, a low molecular mass fraction (p25-33), with an approximate weight of 25-33 kda, was identified among f. psychrophilum strains in an immunoblotting analysis with anti-f. psychrophilum sera. the immunogenic efficacy of the isolated and extracted p25-33 was investigated in two intraperitoneal immunization trials with rainbow trout ... | 2008 | 18752545 |
| inactivated infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus (ihnv) vaccines. | the inactivation dynamics of infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus (ihnv) by b-propiolactone (bpl), binary ethylenimine (bei), formaldehyde or heat and the antigenic and immunogenic properties of the inactivated vaccines were evaluated. chemical treatment of ihnv with 2.7 mm bpl, 1.5 mm bei or 50 mm formaldehyde abolished virus infectivity within 48 h whereas heat treatment at 50 or 100 degrees c rendered the virus innocuous within 30 min. the inactivated ihnv vaccines were recognized by rain ... | 2008 | 18752542 |
| effect of starvation on transcriptomes of brain and liver in adult female zebrafish (danio rerio). | we used microarray and quantitative real-time pcr (qrt-pcr) analyses in adult female zebrafish (danio rerio) to identify metabolic pathways regulated by starvation in the liver and brain. the transcriptome of whole zebrafish brain showed little response to 21 days of starvation. only agouti-related protein 1 (agrp1) significantly responded, with increased expression in brains of starved fish. in contrast, a 21-day period of starvation significantly downregulated 466 and upregulated 108 transcrip ... | 2008 | 18728227 |
| development of a sensitive and controlled real-time rt-pcr assay for viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (vhsv) in marine salmonid aquaculture. | a survey was undertaken to determine the potential distribution of viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (vhsv) in marine cage-based salmonid farms in scotland. a rapid, accurate and sensitive quantitative real-time rt-pcr (qrt-pcr) assay was developed, targeting a conserved region of the nucleoprotein (n) gene of the virus. the qrt-pcr assay was shown to be more sensitive than the conventional vhsv rt-pcr. a validation protocol included several different virus isolates as the target and confirme ... | 2008 | 18717066 |
| recombinant infectious hematopoietic necrosis viruses induce protection for rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss. | infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (ihnv) and viral hemorrhagic septicaemia virus (vhsv) are rhabdoviruses that infect salmonids, producing serious economic losses. two recombinant ihn viruses were generated by reverse genetics. for one (rihnv gfp) the ihnv nv gene was replaced with the green fluorescent protein (gfp) gene. in the other (rihnv-gvhsv gfp) the g gene was also exchanged for that of vhsv. no mortalities, external signs or histological lesions were observed in experimental infec ... | 2008 | 18717065 |
| isolation of rifampicin resistant flavobacterium psychrophilum strains and their potential as live attenuated vaccine candidates. | previous studies have demonstrated that passage of pathogenic bacteria on increasing concentrations of the antibiotic rifampicin leads to the attenuation of virulence and these resistant strains may serve as live attenuated vaccines. two rifampicin resistant strains of flavobacterium psychrophilum, 259-93a.16 and 259-93b.17, were generated by passage on tyes plates containing increasing concentrations of rifampicin. electrophoretic analysis of whole-cell lysates prepared from the parent and resi ... | 2008 | 18708112 |
| development of adaptive immunity in rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss (walbaum) surviving an infection with yersinia ruckeri. | development of adaptive immunity in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) surviving a primary infection with 5x10(5)cfu yersinia ruckeri o1 (ld(50) dose) was investigated by transcriptome analysis of spleen tissue. these fish surviving a primary infection showed also a significantly increased survival following a secondary infection (same dose) when compared to naïve trout. the weight of the rainbow trout spleen doubled during the first 14 days of the primary infection but the affected organs subs ... | 2008 | 18706505 |
| in vivo virus growth competition assays demonstrate equal fitness of fish rhabdovirus strains that co-circulate in aquaculture. | a novel virus growth competition assay for determining relative fitness of rna virus variants in vivo has been developed using the fish rhabdovirus, infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (ihnv), in juvenile rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). we have conducted assays with ihnv isolates designated b, c, and d, representing the three most common genetic subtypes that co-circulate in idaho trout farm aquaculture. in each assay, groups of 30 fish were immersed in a 1:1 mixture of two genotypes of ... | 2008 | 18703096 |
| phylogenetic analyses and molecular epidemiology of european salmonid alphaviruses (sav) based on partial e2 and nsp3 gene nucleotide sequences. | sequence data were generated for portions of the e2 and nsp3 genes of 48 salmonid alphaviruses from farmed atlantic salmon (as), salmo salar l., and rainbow trout (rt), oncorhynchus mykiss (walbaum), in marine and freshwater environments, respectively, from the republic of ireland, northern ireland, england, scotland, norway, france, italy and spain between 1991 and 2007. based on these sequences, and those of six previously published reference strains, phylogenetic trees were constructed using ... | 2008 | 18681902 |
| genetic diversity of flavobacterium psychrophilum recovered from commercially raised rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss (walbaum), and spawning coho salmon, o. kisutch (walbaum). | flavobacterium psychrophilum is the aetiological agent of rainbow trout fry syndrome and bacterial cold water disease. this study examined the genetic diversity of f. psychrophilum isolates retrieved from multiple epizootics at rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss, rearing facilities and from spawning coho salmon, o. kisutch. a total of 139 isolates were confirmed as f. psychrophilum by pcr assay and were further typed using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge). multiple epizootics at three pro ... | 2008 | 18681900 |
| the first report of viral haemorrhagic septicaemia in farmed rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss (walbaum), in the united kingdom. | viral haemorrhagic septicaemia (vhs) was diagnosed in rainbow trout in the uk in may 2006. vhs virus (vhsv) was isolated from fingerlings showing typical histopathological lesions at a single rainbow trout farm site experiencing high mortality. the virus was confirmed as vhsv by serological and molecular biological tests. phylogenetic analysis based on the complete glycoprotein gene sequence revealed that the isolate was closely related (99% nucleotide identity) to several danish isolates from 1 ... | 2008 | 18681899 |
| contribution of food deprivation to the immune response in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) vaccinated against cryptobia salmositica and aeromonas salmonicida. | the aims of the present study were to determine (a) the effectiveness of an attenuated live cryptobia salmositica vaccine; (b) the effects of food deprivation on the immune response and its duration in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) immunised with a live c. salmositica vaccine or with a killed aeromonas salmonicida vaccine. the fish were divided into three groups (i, ii and iii; 14 fish per group), those in groups i and ii were under food deprivation (0.40% of body weight), while group iii ... | 2008 | 18669247 |
| estimating naphthenic acids concentrations in laboratory-exposed fish and in fish from the wild. | naphthenic acids (nas) are the most water-soluble organic components found in the athabasca oil sands in alberta, canada, and these acids are released into aqueous tailing waters as a result of bitumen extraction. although the toxicity of nas to fish is well known, there has been no method available to estimate nas concentrations in fish. this paper describes a newly developed analytical method using single ion monitoring gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (gc-ms) to measure nas in fish, down ... | 2008 | 18667226 |
| antioxidative role of selenium against the toxic effect of heavy metals (cd+2, cr+3) on liver of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss walbaum 1792). | the main purpose of this study is to discuss the effect of cd+2, cr+3 and se metals on biochemical parameters in liver tissue of oncorhynchus mykiss. the rainbow trout were exposed to heavy metal stress (cd+2, cr+3) at 2 ppm dosage. the present study was undertaken to determine the protective effect of selenium treatment at the same dosage (2 ppm) on some biochemical parameters. the activity of catalase (cat), glutathione peroxidase (gsh-px), superoxide dismutase (sod) and the changes in levels ... | 2008 | 18665459 |
| regulation of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) interleukin-8 receptor (il-8r) gene transcription in response to viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (vhsv), dna vaccination and chemokines. | an interleukin-8 receptor (il-8r)-like sequence has been previously reported in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss); however, no further studies to confirm its biological activity or regulation of expression have been performed. in this report, we have studied the regulation of the transcription of this receptor in response to different stimuli both in vivo and in vitro. we found that in response to a viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (vhsv) infection, the levels of expression of il-8r are supp ... | 2008 | 18657446 |
| three isoforms of complement properdin factor p in trout: cloning, expression, gene organization and constrained modeling. | properdin is a plasma glycoprotein and the only known naturally occurring positive regulator of the complement system, stabilizing the alternative pathway convertase (c3bbb). in order to elucidate the molecular evolution of properdin factor p (pfc), here we report the cloning and characterization of three gene isoforms of properdin in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). the predicted polypeptide sequences of trout properdins pfc1, pfc2 and pfc3 (447, 449 and 447 amino acids, respectively) share ... | 2008 | 18638502 |
| rodlet cells in the epidermis of fish exposed to stressors. | rodlet cells (rc) were detected in the epidermis of carp (cyprinus carpio) and trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) exposed to stressors (e.g. acid water, heavy metals, thermal elevation, polluted water of the rhine river, water loaded with organic manure, and distilled water), as well as after wounding. these cells were not found in the epidermis of fish kept under control conditions, thus suggesting that the appearance of rc in the epidermis is stressor-related. immature rc, resembling mucous cells, we ... | 1997 | 18627825 |
| insulin regulates the expression of several metabolism-related genes in the liver and primary hepatocytes of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | rainbow trout have a limited ability to use dietary carbohydrates efficiently and are considered to be glucose intolerant. administration of carbohydrates results in persistent hyperglycemia and impairs post-prandial down regulation of gluconeogenesis despite normal insulin secretion. since gluconeogenic genes are mainly under insulin control, we put forward the hypothesis that the transcriptional function of insulin as a whole may be impaired in the trout liver. in order to test this hypothesis ... | 2008 | 18626086 |
| the partial pressure of oxygen affects biomarkers of oxidative stress in cultured rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) hepatocytes. | oxidative stress, the imbalance between production of reactive oxygen species and the cellular detoxification of these reactive compounds, is believed to be involved in the pathology of various diseases. several biomarkers for oxidative stress have been proposed to serve as tools in toxicological and ecotoxicological research. not only may exposure to various pro-oxidants create conditions of cellular oxidative stress, but hyperoxic conditions may also increase the production of reactive oxygen ... | 2008 | 18603400 |
| xenobiotic intrinsic clearance in freshly isolated hepatocytes from rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss): determination of trout hepatocellularity, optimization of cell concentrations and comparison of serum and serum-free incubations. | metabolism plays an important role in bioaccumulation of xenobiotics in fish. in vitro determination of xenobiotic intrinsic clearance (clint) in trout hepatocytes and subsequent extrapolation to in vivo hepatic clearance (clh) using the "well-stirred" liver model greatly improved our current practice of bioaccumulation assessment [han, x., nabb, d.l., mingoia, r.t., yang, c.h., 2007. determination of xenobiotic intrinsic clearance in freshly isolated hepatocytes from rainbow trout (oncorhynchus ... | 2008 | 18599132 |
| differential survival of ichthyophonus isolates indicates parasite adaptation to its host environment. | in vitro viability of ichthyophonus spp. spores in seawater and freshwater corresponded with the water type of the host from which the spores were isolated. among ichthyophonus spp. spores from both marine and freshwater fish hosts (pacific herring, clupea pallasii, and rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss, respectively), viability was significantly greater (p < 0.05) after incubation in seawater than in freshwater at all time points from 1 to 60 min after immersion; however, magnitude of the spor ... | 2008 | 18576846 |
| aquatic ecotoxicity of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor sertraline hydrochloride in a battery of freshwater test species. | sertraline hydrochloride is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (ssri) widely prescribed to patients suffering from psychiatric disorders. pharmaceutical products such as sertraline have been identified in environmental waters. this study describes the evaluation of sertraline using a battery of freshwater species representing four trophic levels. the species most sensitive to sertraline were daphnia magna 21 d reproduction test, pseudokirchneriella subcapitata 72 h growth inhibition, and o ... | 2009 | 18571724 |
| production of recombinant leptin and its effects on food intake in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | leptin is a key factor for the regulation of food intake and energy homeostasis in mammals, but information regarding its role in teleosts is still limited. there are large differences between mammalian and teleost leptin at both gene and protein levels, and in order to characterize the function of leptin in fish, preparation of species-specific leptin is therefore a key step. in this study, full-length cdna coding for rainbow trout leptin was identified. in spite of low amino acid sequence simi ... | 2008 | 18539064 |
| acute and chronic aquatic toxicity of ammonium perfluorooctanoate (apfo) to freshwater organisms. | recent concerns have been raised concerning the widespread distribution of perfluorinated compounds in environmental matrices and biota. the compounds of interest include ammonium perfluorooctanoate (apfo, the ammonium salt of perfluorooctanoic acid, pfoa). apfo is used primarily as a processing aid in the production of fluoropolymers and fluoroelastomers. the environmental presence of perfluorooctanoate (pfo(-), the anion of apfo) and its entry into the environment as apfo make quality aquatic ... | 2008 | 18538392 |
| purification and some kinetic properties of carbonic anhydrase from rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) liver and metal inhibition. | in the present study, carbonic anhydrase (ca) enzyme was purified from rainbow trout (rt) liver with a specific activity of 4318 euxmg(-1) and a yield of 38% using sepharose-4b-l tyrosine-sulfanilamide affinity gel chromatography. the overall purification was approximately 2260-fold. to check the purity and determine subunit molecular weight of enzyme, sds-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was performed, which showed a single band and mw of approx. 29.4 kda. the molecular weight of native enzym ... | 2008 | 18537745 |
| effectiveness and retention of thiamine and its analogs administered to steelhead and landlocked atlantic salmon. | we investigated the feasibility of enhancing the reproduction of steelhead oncorhynchus mykiss and landlocked atlantic salmon salmo salar in lakes where the consumption of alewives alosa pseudoharengus and other forage fishes containing thiaminase can cause them to become thiamine deficient and thereby reduce the survival of their fry. we evaluated feeding fingerling steelhead excess thiamine hydrochloride (thc1) for 1 or 2 weeks or equimolar amounts of thiamine mononitrate, thiamine-tetrahydrof ... | 2008 | 18536500 |
| angler numerical response across landscapes and the collapse of freshwater fisheries. | recreational angling opportunities in lakes are distributed across landscapes and attract anglers based on the combination of angling quality, travel distance, and availability of facilities. the relationship between angler density and fishing quality, as measured by catch rate, represents a numerical response that is analogous to a predator numerical response to variability in prey abundance. we quantified this numerical response of anglers to rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss, populations dis ... | 2008 | 18536261 |
| analysis of the flavobacterium psychrophilum outer-membrane subproteome and identification of new antigenic targets for vaccine by immunomics. | flavobacterium psychrophilum is an important infectious gram-negative bacterium causing cold-water disease (cwd) and rainbow trout fry syndrome. outer-membrane proteins (omps) are key molecules with regard to the interface between the cell and its environment. therefore, we sought to define the outer-membrane (om) subproteome of f. psychrophilum in order to gain insight into the biology and pathogenesis of this bacterium and to identify the dominant antigens targeted by the rainbow trout (oncorh ... | 2008 | 18524934 |
| tollip, a negative regulator of tlr-signalling, is encoded by twin genes in salmonid fish. | the factor tollip is known to dampen tlr2- and tlr4-mediated signalling in mammals. no negative regulator of the piscine tlr-signalling cascade has been described so far, albeit a sizable collection of factors contributing to this ancient pathogen-sensing system are known from fish to date. we identified two closely related tollip-encoding genes in atlantic salmon (salmo salar) and the respective ortholog mrna molecules in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). the salmonid tollip genes are segmen ... | 2008 | 18502148 |
| identification, cloning and tissue localization of a rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) intelectin-like protein that binds bacteria and chitin. | intelectins are a recently identified group of animal lectins involved in innate immune surveillance. this paper describes the primary structure, expression and immunohistochemical localization of a rainbow trout plasma intelectin (rtint). rtint exhibited calcium-dependent binding to n-acetylglucosamine (glcnac) and mannose conjugated toyopearl amino 650 m matrices. when glcnac eluates from chromatography matrices were analyzed by reducing 1d page and western blots, the lectin appeared as approx ... | 2008 | 18502147 |
| transmission of tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae (myxozoa: malacosporea) to fredericella sultana (bryozoa: phylactolaemata) by various fish species. | tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae is a myxozoan parasite of salmonids and freshwater bryozoans, which causes proliferative kidney disease (pkd) in the fish host. to test which fish species are able to transmit t. bryosalmonae to bryozoans, an infection experiment was conducted with 5 pkd-sensitive fish species from different genera. rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss, brown trout salmo trutta, brook trout salvelinus fontinalis, grayling thymallus thymallus and northern pike esox lucius were cohabitat ... | 2008 | 18500029 |
| a soluble nonglycosylated recombinant infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (ihnv) g-protein induces ifns in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | viral glycoproteins interact with cell-surface receptors to mediate virus entry and innate immune system activation. we found that a soluble recombinant infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus g-protein (rihnv-g) stimulated an early innate immune response mediated by proinflammatory cytokines, ifn1 and ifn-gamma in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) fry. expression of both ifn1 and ifn-gamma mrna transcripts was an early event and was rihnv-g dose-dependent. in addition, preliminary evidence re ... | 2008 | 18499475 |
| comparison of species sensitivity distributions derived from interspecies correlation models to distributions used to derive water quality criteria. | species sensitivity distributions (ssd) require a large number of measured toxicity values to define a hazard level protective of multiple species. this investigation comprehensively evaluated the accuracy of ssds generated from toxicity values predicted from interspecies correlation estimation (ice) models. ice models are log-log correlations of multiple chemical toxicity values for a pair of species that allow the toxicity of multiple species to be predicted from a single measured acute toxici ... | 2008 | 18497169 |
| determination of quantitative trait loci (qtl) for early maturation in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | to identify quantitative trait loci (qtl) influencing early maturation (em) in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss), a genome scan was performed using 100 microsatellite loci across 29 linkage groups. six inter-strain paternal half-sib families using three inter-strain f(1) brothers (approximately 50 progeny in each family) derived from two strains that differ in the propensity for em were used in the study. alleles derived from both parental sources were observed to contribute to the expression ... | 2014 | 18491191 |
| the a/b domain of the teleost glucocorticoid receptors influences partial nuclear localization in the absence of hormone. | the glucocorticoid (gr) and mineralocorticoid receptor (mr) of extant jawed vertebrates emerged after duplication of an ancestral corticosteroid receptor. the ancestral corticosteroid receptor resembled extant mrs in hormone selectivity, and the different ligand specificity of extant grs is a secondary derived characteristic. an additional characteristic that distinguishes the mammalian gr from the mr is the cellular distribution pattern in the absence of hormone: the naïve gr resides in the cyt ... | 2008 | 18483153 |
| subcellular components of vibrio harveyi and probiotics induce immune responses in rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss (walbaum), against v. harveyi. | bacterial subcellular components and probiotics were successful for the stimulation of immunity and the prevention of vibrio harveyi infections in rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss (walbaum). rainbow trout were immunized with whole inactivated cells of v. harveyi to obtain polyclonal antibodies against specific antigens. western blotting showed a unique reactive band (approximately 93 kda) between serum and bacterial proteins from outer membrane proteins (omp) and extracellular products (ecp). ... | 2008 | 18482381 |
| innate immunomodulation with recombinant interferon-alpha enhances resistance of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) to infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus. | we examined the in vivo immunostimulatory effects of a recombinant atlantic salmon (salmo salar) interferon-alpha2 (rsasaifn-alpha2). the mature rsasaifn-alpha2, expressed and purified from escherichia coli, was administered to rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) via the oral, immersion, or intraperitoneal (ip) injection route. injection of rsasaifn-alpha2 at 0.1microg/g fish gave significantly greater protection than a phosphate buffered saline (pbs) injection against a lethal challenge of infe ... | 2008 | 18466972 |
| hemagglutinating activity of serovar reference strains of ornithobacterium rhinotracheale. | in the present study, the hemagglutinating activity of 9 reference strains (serovars a-i) of ornithobacterium rhinotracheale was investigated by using fresh erythrocytes from 15 different species: chicken (broiler, rooster, hen), turkey, pigeon, quail, duck, harris hawk (parabuteo unicinctus), house finch (carpodacus mexicanus), cow, sheep, horse, dog, rabbit, pig, human (groups a, b, ab, and o), and rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). all 9 strains agglutinated rabbit erythrocytes. none of the ... | 2008 | 18460626 |
| novel candidate genes identified in the brain during nociception in common carp (cyprinus carpio) and rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | recent studies have demonstrated that teleost fish possess nociceptors that detect potentially painful stimuli and that the physiological properties of these fibres are markedly similar to those found in mammals. this finding led to suggestions of possible pain perception in fish, contrary to the view that the sensory response in these animals is limited to the spinal cord and hindbrain and as such is reflexive. therefore, the aim of this study was to determine if the brain is active at the mole ... | 2008 | 18440145 |
| demonstrating freedom from gyrodactylus salaris (monogenea: gyrodactylidae) in farmed rainbow trout oncorhynchus mykiss. | this paper describes an approach to demonstrate freedom of individual rainbow trout farms from gyrodactylus salaris malmberg, 1957. the infection status of individual farms is relevant should g. salaris be introduced into a country or zone previously known to be free of the parasite. trade from farms where g. salaris may have been introduced would be restricted until freedom had been demonstrated. cage, fish and parasite sample sizes were calculated based on the minimum detectable prevalence (p* ... | 2008 | 18429441 |
| contaminant levels in rainbow trout, oncorhynchus mykiss, and their diets from missouri coldwater hatcheries. | organochlorine and metal contaminants often occur in commercial fish diets and can accumulate in fish to levels of concern for human consumption. contaminant levels were investigated in diet and rainbow trout fillets from missouri coldwater hatcheries used in "put and take" fisheries. the average fillet:diet ratio was <0.1 for lead and cadmium, 0.4-0.6 for organochlorine compounds, and about 0.8 for mercury. trout fillet concentrations for all contaminants were low (<50 ng/g) and below missouri' ... | 2008 | 18425399 |
| efficacy of in-feed probiotics against aeromonas bestiarum and ichthyophthirius multifiliis skin infections in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss, walbaum). | the aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of in-feed probiotics as a preventive measure against skin infections caused by aeromonas bestiarum and ichthyophthirius multifiliis (ich) in rainbow trout. | 2008 | 18422955 |
| [aquaporins in gametogenesis of vertebrate animals]. | a review of the data on the presence, localization, and supposed role of aquaporin water channels in oocytes of xenopus laevis, oogenesis and maturation of teleosts sparus auratus and oncorhynchus mykiss, oogenesis and oocyte maturation of rats and mice, and spermatogenesis of several mammalians. | 2008 | 18409379 |
| cloning, binding properties, and tissue localization of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) ladderlectin. | the present paper describes the primary structure, expression and immunohistochemical localization of rainbow trout ladderlectin (rtll), a multimeric serum lectin that binds sepharose and lps of aeromonas salmonicida. two rainbow trout cdnas (504 and 546bp) and a genomic sequence (2kb) were amplified using ladderlectin-specific primers. the sequences were identified as group vii mannose-binding c-type lectins from predicted amino acid sequences and showed highest identity with the atlantic salmo ... | 2008 | 18407519 |
| in vitro biotransformation of surfactants in fish. part i: linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (c12-las) and alcohol ethoxylate (c13eo8). | developing regulatory activities (e.g., reach, [dgee. 2003. directorates general enterprise and environment. the new eu chemicals legislation reach. dg enterprise, brussels, belgium. (http://www.europa.eu.int/comm/enterprise/reach/index_en.htm)]) will require bioaccumulation to be assessed for thousands of chemicals. further, there is increasing pressure to reduce, refine or replace animal tests. given this scenario, there is an urgent need to evaluate the feasibility of in vitro systems to supp ... | 2008 | 18407314 |
| evaluation of bioavailable hydrocarbon sources and their induction potential in prince william sound, alaska. | to realistically evaluate the consequences of exposure to a complex mixture, we modified a passive sampler technology, the semipermeable membrane device (spmd), which absorbs the bioavailable hydrophobic organic compounds present in an environment. these samplers were deployed in prince william sound (pws), alaska, at locations selected as potential sites of hydrocarbon deposition, as well as in random sites for regional assessment. some of these sites were affected by previous human activity, s ... | 2008 | 18403008 |
| carrier-mediated urea transport across the mitochondrial membrane of an elasmobranch (raja erinacea) and a teleost (oncorhynchus mykiss) fish. | in osmoregulating teleost fish, urea is a minor nitrogen excretory product, whereas in osmoconforming marine elasmobranchs it serves as the major tissue organic solute and is retained at relatively high concentrations ( approximately 400 mmol/l). we tested the hypothesis that urea transport across liver mitochondria is carrier mediated in both teleost and elasmobranch fishes. intact liver mitochondria in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) demonstrated two components of urea uptake, a linear com ... | 2008 | 18385468 |
| cloning and mrna expression analysis of an abcg2 (bcrp) efflux transporter in rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) liver and primary hepatocytes. | as has been recently demonstrated in mammals, apart from the p-glycoprotein (pgp, abcb) and the mrp-like proteins (mrps, abcc), another efflux transporter - the bcrp (abcg2) - expressed in polarized epithelial cells of different tissues, is involved in regulation of intestinal absorption and biliary excretion of potentially toxic xenobiotics. however, no study has been directed towards identification of bcrp (abcg2) in fish species. in the present study we have cloned the full abcg2 transcript f ... | 2008 | 18381223 |
| effects of ergosan on the expression of cytokine genes in the liver of juvenile rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) exposed to enteric red mouth vaccine. | the effects of administration of the immunomodulator ergosan, an algal extract containing alginic acid, in juvenile rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) exposed to aquavac vaccination, were tested. juveniles treated with ergosan, 95 days after the beginning of first solid feeding and control fish fed solely on commercial diet, were vaccinated by immersion in aquavac solution. the time-course of the effects of vaccination on liver immunorelated gene modulation and on the tolerance to stress manipu ... | 2008 | 18378002 |
| a comparative analysis of putative oxygen-sensing cells in the fish gill. | we investigated the distribution of serotonin (5-ht)-containing neuroepithelial cells (necs), the putative o(2) sensing cells, in the gills of four species of fish: trout (oncorhynchus mykiss), goldfish (carassius auratus), trairão (hoplias lacerdae) and traira (hoplias malabaricus) using immunohistochemical markers for 5-ht, synaptic vesicles and neural innervation. we found that all fish had a cluster of innervated, serotonergic necs at the filament tips, but there were species-specific distri ... | 2008 | 18375847 |
| a new species of myxozoan (myxosporea) from the brain and spinal cord of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) from idaho. | a new species of myxosporea, myxobolus neurotropus n. sp., is described from the brain and spinal cord of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss) from duncan creek, owyhee county, idaho. spores are oval, have 2 pyriform polar capsules, and possess a thick spore wall (sutural rim) with a short intracapsular offshoot. the mean spore dimensions are length 11.8 microm, width 10.8 microm, and thickness 8.8 microm. this myxozoan is compared to other described myxobolus species found in cranial tissues of ... | 2008 | 18372644 |
| osmotic regulation of a novel flavin-containing monooxygenase in primary cultured cells from rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). | a cdna encoding a hepatic isoform of flavin-containing monooxygenase (hfmo) (ef063736) containing an open reading frame of 1792 base pairs (bp) and encoding 554 amino acids was cloned and sequenced from liver mrna of rainbow trout (oncorhynchus mykiss). the genomic sequence of hfmo was also characterized and was 4.379 kilobases, possessing 10 exons and 9 introns (eu519462). structural analysis of the promoter region showed several cis-acting elements including putative glucocorticoid and osmoreg ... | 2008 | 18372402 |