Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| extractive fermentation of aroma with supercritical co2 | this work deals with the feasibility of achieving an extractive fermentation of 2-phenylethyl alcohol, the rose aroma, coupling fermentation with kluyveromyces marxianus and supercritical carbon dioxide (scco2) extraction. the extractive process is, in this case, of special interest due to the strong yeast inhibition by 2-phenylethyl alcohol. first results confirmed that direct scco2 extraction is not possible, due to a drastic co2 effect on cell viability. it is therefore necessary to perform c ... | 1999 | 10397878 |
| construction of a flocculent saccharomyces cerevisiae fermenting lactose. | a flocculent saccharomyces cerevisiae strain with the ability to express both the lac4 (coding for beta-galactosidase) and lac12 (coding for lactose permease) genes of kluyveromyces marxianus was constructed. this recombinant strain is not only able to grow on lactose, but it can also ferment this substrate. to our knowledge this is the first time that a recombinant s. cervisiae has been found to ferment lactose in a way comparable to that of the existing lactose-fermenting yeast strains. moreov ... | 1999 | 10390820 |
| nisin production by a mixed-culture system consisting of lactococcus lactis and kluyveromyces marxianus. | to control the ph during antimicrobial peptide (nisin) production by a lactic acid bacterium, lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis (atcc11454), a novel method involving neither addition of alkali nor a separation system such as a ceramic membrane filter and electrodialyzer was developed. a mixed culture of l. lactis and kluyveromyces marxianus, which was isolated from kefir grains, was utilized in the developed system. the interaction between lactate production by l. lactis and its assimilation by k ... | 1999 | 10388714 |
| low frequency alternating electric fields inhibit lactose uptake in kluyveromyces marxianus. | frequency-dependent lactose uptake via the h+/lactose symporter in an externally applied low-intensity alternating electric field was demonstrated, using tracer flux experiments. the uptake of radiolabeled lactose was significantly inhibited with the electric field-strength of 30 v/cm and at frequencies below 10 hz. | 1999 | 10379572 |
| production of pectic enzymes in yeasts. | when grown in the appropriate medium, several yeast species produce pectinases able to degrade pectic substances. it is mainly exocellular endopolygalacturonases that break pectins or pectate down by hydrolysis of alpha-1,4-glycosidic linkages in a random way. biochemical characterisation of these enzymes has shown that they have an optimal ph in the acidic region and an optimal temperature between 40 and 55 degrees c. their production by yeasts is a constitutive feature and is repressed by the ... | 1999 | 10361703 |
| a novel colorimetric yeast bioassay for detecting trichothecene mycotoxins. | a novel colorimetric microbial bioassay for toxicity has been developed; it shows particular sensitivity to trichothecene mycotoxins. the assay uses inhibition of expression of beta-galactosidase activity within the yeast kluyveromyces marxianus as a sensitive toxicity indicator, cultures remaining yellow, rather than turning deep green-blue, in the presence of x-gal, a chromogenic substrate. the assay is conducted in standard microtitre plates, permitting small volumes (160 microl) and many rep ... | 1999 | 10333072 |
| a colorimetric technique for detecting trichothecenes and assessing relative potencies. | we tested a novel colorimetric toxicity test, based on inhibition of beta-galactosidase activity in the yeast kluyveromyces marxianus, for sensitivity to a range of mycotoxins. a variety of trichothecene mycotoxins could be detected. the order of toxicity established with this bioassay was verrucarin a > roridin a > t-2 toxin > diacetoxyscirpenol > ht-2 toxin > acetyl t-2 toxin > neosolaniol > fusarenon x > t-2 triol > scirpentriol > nivalenol > deoxynivalenol > t-2 tetraol. the sensitivity of d ... | 1999 | 10223969 |
| cloning, targeted disruption and heterologous expression of the kluyveromyces marxianus endopolygalacturonase gene (epg1). | the yeast kluyveromyces marxianus strain bkm y-719 produces an efficient pectin-degrading endopolygalacturonase (epg) that cleaves the internal alpha-1,4-d-glycosidic linkages to yield oligomers of varying sizes. the epg1 gene encoding this industrially important epg was cloned by using the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) technique and degenerate primers to generate a 135 bp dna fragment with which a genomic library was screened. the cloned fragment contained an open reading frame (orf) of 1083 ... | 1999 | 10206190 |
| proposing sequences for peptides derived from whey fermentation with potential bioactive sites. | in fed-batch fermentation by kluyveromyces marxianus var. marxianus, whey-soluble proteins were converted into oligopeptides. to assess whether bioactive peptides could be produced during whey fermentation, k. marxianus was cultured in batch in deproteinized media containing 5 or 15% (wt/vol) dehydrated whey for 20 h and then was in fed-batch mode for 50 h. after harvesting the biomass (25,000 x g, 15 min), at 6-h intervals, the wort was analyzed to determine protein consumption and oligopeptide ... | 1999 | 10194665 |
| inulase-secreting strain of saccharomyces cerevisiae produces fructose. | the gene encoding inulase of the yeast kluyveromyces marxianus (inu1km) was cloned and expressed in the inulin-negative yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae. cells of s. cerevisiae transformed with the inu1km gene have acquired extracellular inulase activity and were able to grow in the medium with inulin as a sole carbon source. the s. cerevisiae strain was constructed that is capable of heterologous expression of secreted k. marxianus inulase and is defective in fructose uptake due to null-mutations ... | 1998 | 10099455 |
| one step partial purification of beta-d-galactosidase from kluyveromyces marxianus cdb 002 using streamline-deae. | the intracellular enzyme beta-d-galactosidase provides interesting applications in the dairy industry, which are able to solve problems related to product processing, or can alleviate lactose intolerance in some populations. in order to obtain a technical enzyme, yeast cells of kluyveromyces marxianus cdb 002 were disrupted by high pressure homogenization and an innovative chromatographic technique was tested for the recovery of beta-d-galactosidase. a streamline 25 column, containing 65 ml stre ... | 1998 | 10036751 |
| a differential medium for the isolation of kluyveromyces marxianus and kluyveromyces lactis from dairy products. | a selective and differential solid medium, called kluyveromyces differential medium (kdm), is described for the isolation of kluyveromyces marxianus and k. lactis from dairy products. its discriminative potential is based on the detection of the enzyme beta-galactosidase, in the absence of lactose. of the more than 95 strains tested, including yeasts, bacteria, and filamentous fungus, only the strains of k. marxianus and k. lactis produced blue colonies on the medium due to the presence of x-gal ... | 1999 | 10030640 |
| effect of fortification of concentrated whey on growth of kluyveromyces sp. | the effect of fortification of concentrated whey with 0.5% inorganic nitrogen viz. nh4cl, (nh4)2so4, nano3 and urea, organic nitrogen viz. tryptone, tryptose, peptone and yeast extract and 0.1% metal ions viz. k2hpo4, mgso4 and feso4, on growth stimulation of kluyveromyces marxianus subsp. marxianus nrrl y-665, nrrl y-1195, nrrl y-2415 and kluyveromyces marxianus subsp. lactis nrrl y-1193 were studied. supplementation with 0.5% (nh4)2so4, peptone, yeast extract or 0.1% k2hpo4 individually increa ... | 1998 | 9950037 |
| oesophagitis caused by candida kefyr. | the unusual case of an oesophagitis caused by candida kefyr in a patient with squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx is reported. the further implementation of c. kefyr in the production of milk products is discussed. | 1998 | 9861842 |
| [the cloning and expression of the gene for beta-galactosidase from candida pseudotropicalis yeasts in saccharomyces cerevisiae cells]. | the gene of beta-galactosidase of lactose-assimilating yeast candida pseudotropicalis was cloned in pg2 and pbg2-3 hybrid shuttle vectors and expressed in saccharomyces cerevisiae laboratory strains under the control of own promoter. the plasmids were able to replicate autonomously with relative stability in transformants of baker's yeasts. the availability of glucose or lactose in the medium influenced the recombinant plasmid stability and the expression of the cloned gene. a number of experime ... | 1998 | 9859642 |
| udp-galactose 4-epimerase from kluyveromyces fragilis: reconstitution of holoenzyme structure after dissociation with parachloromercuribenzoate. | udp-galactose 4-epimerase from yeast kluyveromyces fragilis (kluyveromyces marxianus var. marxianus) is a homodimer of molecular mass 75 kda/subunit and has one mol nad firmly bound/dimer. the pathway for the assembly of the holoenzyme structure has been studied after dissociating the native epimerase with p-chloromercuribenzoate into inactive mercurated monomers. the process of dissociation was not associated with unfolding of the molecules. reconstitution of the functional holoenzyme was done ... | 1998 | 9826189 |
| comparison of a new commercial colorimetric microdilution method with a standard method for in-vitro susceptibility testing of candida spp. and cryptococcus neoformans. | the sensititre yeast one method (accumed international ltd, east grinstead, uk) is a microplate-based procedure that incorporates an oxidation-reduction indicator, alamar blue, for the in-vitro testing of five antifungal agents (amphotericin b, fluconazole, itraconazole, ketoconazole and flucytosine). we compared this colorimetric method with a standard broth microdilution test, performed according to us national committee for clinical laboratory standards document m27-a guidelines, for determin ... | 1998 | 9818741 |
| production of bioingredients from kluyveromyces marxianus grown on whey: an alternative. | whey waste is a major problem for the dairy industry. finding alternative means to reduce its pollution potential and produce high value-added bioingredients has been attempted by many researchers. kluyveromyces marxianus var. marxianus is a dairy yeast that produces beta-galactosidase, allowing for whey fermentation. also, k. marxianus has been proposed as a source of: (1) oligonucleotides, used as flavor enhancers in food products; (2) oligosaccharides, used as prebiotics to stimulate the grow ... | 1998 | 9813735 |
| sordarins: in vitro activities of new antifungal derivatives against pathogenic yeasts, pneumocystis carinii, and filamentous fungi. | gm 193663, gm 211676, gm 222712, and gm 237354 are new semisynthetic derivatives of the sordarin class. the in vitro antifungal activities of gm 193663, gm 211676, gm 222712, and gm 237354 against 111 clinical yeast isolates of candida albicans, candida kefyr, candida glabrata, candida parapsilosis, candida krusei, and cryptococcus neoformans were compared. the in vitro activities of some of these compounds against pneumocystis carinii, 20 isolates each of aspergillus fumigatus and aspergillus f ... | 1998 | 9797217 |
| increase in beta-galactosidase activity in a non-isothermal bioreactor utilizing immobilized cells of kluyveromyces fragilis: fundamentals and applications. | the beta-galactosidase activity of kluyveromyces fragilis cells immobilized in a kappa carrageenan gel was studied in a bioreactor functioning under isothermal and non-isothermal conditions. we observed an increase in enzyme activity which was found to be proportional to the intensity of the temperature gradient applied across the biocatalytic membrane, as well as to the average temperature of the bioreactor. the efficiency of such a non-isothermal bioreactor was calculated with respect to the y ... | 1997 | 9765807 |
| composition of the cell walls of several yeast species. | cell walls, representing 26%-32% of the cell dry weight, were prepared from several strains of the yeasts kloeckera apiculata, debaryomyces hansenii, zygosaccharomyces bailii, kluyveromyces marxianus and saccharomyces cerevisiae. extraction of the walls with potassium hydroxide at 4 degrees c, followed by saturation of the alkali-soluble extract with ammonium sulphate gave fractions of mannoprotein, alkali-soluble glucan and alkali-insoluble glucan. chitin was associated with the alkali-insolubl ... | 1998 | 9763691 |
| influence of temperature, ph and water activity on "in vitro" inhibition of penicillium glabrum (wehmer) westling by yeasts. | four different yeast species (metschnikowia pulcherrima, saccharomycopsis vini, kluyveromyces marxianus, cryptococcus albidus), isolated from surface of grapes, were evaluated for biocontrol potential against penicillium glabrum. in order to investigate the influence of temperature, ph, water activity and yeast cell concentration on penicillium glabrum inhibition, the individual effects and the interaction of these factors were analyzed by means of a central composite design (ccd). all yeast spe ... | 1998 | 9760746 |
| polymorphonuclear phagocytosis and killing in workers occupationally exposed to hexachlorobenzene. | phagocytosis and intracellular killing of candida albicans and candida pseudotropicalis by neutrophils from 66 workers exposed to chlorinated compounds were studied. phagocytosis with both antigens was normal in all the workers studied. however, lytic activity of the neutrophils in the presence of both antigens, c. albicans and c. pseudotropicalis was impaired. these findings might be related to a derangement in the antioxidant mechanisms and to some interference with gsh levels that might lead ... | 1998 | 9736448 |
| yeast profile in gouda cheese during processing and ripening. | the yeasts present in gouda cheese during processing were monitored in a single cheese factory during a 32 day ripening period. despite the predominance of lactic acid bacteria during gouda making, yeasts played a significant role in the ripening process in reaching counts as high as 10(5) cfu g(-1) at the later stages of ripening. the increase in the number of yeasts corresponded with the depletion in lactose content and the simultaneous stabilization of lactic acid bacteria numbers. the source ... | 1998 | 9706786 |
| microbial cell-based biosensor for sensing glucose, sucrose or lactose. | biosensors for the determination of glucose, sucrose and lactose were based on a clark-type oxygen electrode covered with a membrane containing microbial cells. the glucose-sensing membrane was prepared with intact cells of gluconobacter oxydans immobilized in gelatin cross-linked with glutardialdehyde. the disaccharide-sensing membranes were prepared by co-immobilization of g. oxydans with cells of saccharomyces cerevisiae containing invertase for sucrose determination and with permeabilized ce ... | 1998 | 9569611 |
| correlation of in vitro fluconazole susceptibility with clinical outcome for severely ill patients with oropharyngeal candidiasis. | we investigated the correlation between in vitro susceptibility to fluconazole and clinical response in severely ill patients with oropharyngeal candidiasis treated with fluconazole. the study included 48 adult patients, of whom 23 were neutropenic (absolute neutrophil count, < 500/mm3). forty-eight isolates (20 candida albicans, 12 candida krusei, 10 candida kefyr, 3 torulopsis glabrata, and 3 candida tropicalis) were tested for susceptibility to fluconazole with use of the macrodilution method ... | 1998 | 9564473 |
| isolation and characterization of kluyveromyces marxianus mutants deficient in malate transport. | in malic acid-grown cells of the strains atcc 10022 and kms3 of kluyveromyces marxianus the transport of malic acid occurred by a malate-proton symport, which accepted l-malic, d-malic, succinic and fumaric acids, but not tartaric, malonic or maleic acids. the system was inducible and subjected to glucose repression. mutants of the strain kms3, unable to grow in a medium with malic acid, were isolated and checked for their capacity to utilize several carbon sources and to transport dicarboxylic ... | 1998 | 9559548 |
| effect of cell morphology on dead-end filtration of the dimorphic yeast kluyveromyces marxianus var. marxianus nrrly2415. | the dead-end filtration characteristics of the dimorphic yeast kluyveromyces marxianus var. marxianus (formerly fragilis) nrrly2415 were investigated for a range of mean cell morphologies, ranging from predominantly yeast-like to predominantly filamentous. semiautomated image analysis was used to measure the mean cell specific surface area, sv, and the mean ratio of cell length to equivalent cylindrical diameter, ldm, in each broth. the method of ju and ho (biotechnol. bioeng. 1988, 32, 95-99) w ... | 1998 | 9548781 |
| production of 2-phenylethyl alcohol by kluyveromyces marxianus. | among the numerous yeasts able to produce flavor compounds, several strains of kluyveromyces species are known for the synthesis of large amounts of aromatic compounds. in particular, the accumulation of 2-phenylethyl alcohol in liquid cultures of kluyveromyces marxianus was observed after incubation on a semisynthetic medium at 30 degrees c, 125 rpm. changes in the carbon sources led to a significant modification of the amount of this aromatic compound; moreover, the variations in the level of ... | 1998 | 9548779 |
| u3 snorna genes with and without intron in the kluyveromyces genus: yeasts can accommodate great variations of the u3 snorna 3'-terminal domain. | the u3 snorna coding sequences from the genomic dnas of kluyveromyces delphensis and four variants of the kluyveromyces marxianus species were cloned by pcr amplification. nucleotide sequence analysis of the amplification products revealed a unique u3 snorna gene sequence in all the strains studied, except for k. marxianus var. fragilis. the k. marxianus u3 genes were intronless, whereas an intron similar to those of the saccharomyces cerevisiae u3 genes was found in k. delphensis. hence, u3 gen ... | 1998 | 9510331 |
| [a clinical and biological study of parasitic and fungal diarrhea in immunosuppressed patients in an urban and suburban area of yaoundé]. | we studied 66 cases of intestinal mycosis and parasitosis in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus with chronic diarrhea. all subjects were from the yaounde urban area and were followed between february and december 1996. they were recruited from 3 hospitals in the center of yaounde and were aged between 2 and 52 years. there was weight loss in 80.3% and severe dehydration in 72.3% of cases. feces consisted mostly of watery stools similar to those of cholera patients (50% of ca ... | 1997 | 9503491 |
| prevalence and susceptibility of vaginal yeast isolates in jordan. | the prevalence of vaginal yeast species has been studied in 140 women (41 pregnant, 66 infertile and 33 healthy controls) attending a gynaecological private clinic in amman, jordan. yeast species were isolated from pregnant (68.2%), infertile (51.5%) and healthy control (48.4%) women. patients manifesting one, two or three symptoms of vulvovaginitis were 22.1%, 26.8% or 24.2% respectively. asymptomatic cases and cases with more than three symptoms were 22.4% and 4.5% respectively. candida albica ... | 1997 | 9476485 |
| genetic characterization of a phospholipase c gene from candida albicans: presence of homologous sequences in candida species other than candida albicans. | phospholipase c (plc) enzymes are essential in regulating several important cellular functions in eukaryotes, including yeasts. in this study, pcr was used to identify a gene encoding plc activity in candida albicans, using oligonucleotide primers complementary to sequences encoding highly conserved amino acid regions within the x domains of previously characterized eukaryotic phospholipase c genes. the nucleotide sequence of the c. albicans gene, caplc1 (2997 bp), was determined from a recombin ... | 1998 | 9467900 |
| cloning and characterization of two pyruvate decarboxylase genes from pichia stipitis cbs 6054. | in pichia stipitis, fermentative and pyruvate decarboxylase (pdc) activities increase with diminished oxygen rather than in response to fermentable sugars. to better characterize pdc expression and regulation, two genes for pdc (pspdc1 and pspdc2) were cloned and sequenced from p. stipitis cbs 6054. aside from saccharomyces cerevisiae, from which three pdc genes have been characterized, p. stipitis is the only organism from which multiple genes for pdc have been identified and characterized. psp ... | 1998 | 9435065 |
| multiple unfolded states of udp-galactose 4-epimerase from yeast kluyveromyces fragilis. involvement of proline cis-trans isomerization in reactivation. | udp-galactose 4-epimerase from yeast kluyveromyces fragilis is a dimeric molecule of 75 kda per subunit with one molecule of cofactor nad per dimer. it undergoes unfolding and complete dissociation in presence of 8 m urea at ph 7.0 by 10 min. it can be functionally reconstituted almost quantitatively in 2 h by dilution with 20 mm sodium phosphate buffer, ph 7 containing 1 mm extraneous nad under a second order kinetics [bhattacharyya, d. (1993) biochemistry 32, 9726-9734]. denaturation between 1 ... | 1997 | 9434116 |
| differences in the growth kinetic behaviour of torulopsis cremoris in batch and continuous cultures. | torulopsis cremoris growth in whey was described satisfactorily by monod's model. the maximum specific growth rate of t. cremoris obtained in batch culture was approximately 26% higher than that estimated in continuous culture. this rate was higher than that reported for kluyveromyces fragilis, which is the yeast used in large-scale processes for the biomass production from whey. in batch and continuous cultures, the yeast utilized some other carbon and energy source, different from lactose. in ... | 1997 | 9428157 |
| physiological and biochemical characterization of intergeneric hybrids of thermotolerant and non-thermotolerant yeasts. | kluyveromyces-like intergeneric hybrids of thermotolerant kluyveromyces marxianus and non-thermotolerant saccharomyces cerevisiae, produced in a previous study by protoplasmic fusion, have been characterized. on molasses, these strains produced ethanol in excess of 6% (v/v) both at 30 and 45 degrees c as against 3% and 4.2% (v/v) by the former parent at 30 and 45 degrees c, respectively. in hybrids, the increase in ethanol production appeared to be a sequel to increased activities of alcohol deh ... | 1997 | 9373947 |
| single strand breaks and mutagenesis in yeast induced by photodynamic treatment with chloroaluminum phthalocyanine. | photodynamic treatment of the yeast kluyveromyces marxianus with the sensitizer aluminum phthalocyanine results in loss of clonogenicity. in this paper the effect of this treatment on dna of this yeast was investigated by searching for single strand breaks and forward mutations. using the alkaline step elution technique it was found that illumination of the yeast in the presence of aluminum phthalocyanine resulted in an increase in single strand breaks. these could, partially, be repaired by pos ... | 1997 | 9345783 |
| effect of kluyveromyces marxianus on the growth and survival of bifidobacteria in milk. | four strains of bifidobacteria (b. bifidum 93, b. infantis atcc 17930, b. longum atcc 15707, and b. longum jr) cultivated in mrs broth modified by the addition of cysteine-hydrochloride (0.05%) were serially subcultured in unsupplemented cow milk alone or in combination with kluyveromyces marxianus var. marxianus 269 under aerobic conditions. in monoculture, bifidobacteria did not multiply after the second subculture. in contrast, in coculture with yeast bifidobacteria reached counts about 8 log ... | 1997 | 9306658 |
| synthesis and antimicrobial activities of 2-[(alpha-methylbenzylidene)-hydrazino]benzoxazoles. | new 2-[(alpha-methylbenzylidene)hydrazino]benzoxazole derivatives have been synthesized by reacting ortho or para substituted acetophenones with 2-hydrazinobenzoxazole in ethanol. the structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed by microanalysis, ir and nmr spectral data. antimicrobial activities of the compounds were investigated by the microdilution susceptibility test in mueller-hinton broth and sabouraud liquid medium. test organisms: staphylococcus aureus atcc 29213 and enterococc ... | 1997 | 9296284 |
| synthesis and antimicrobial activity of beta-[(2-benzimidazolyl)thio]-beta-benzoyl styrene derivatives. | in this study some new beta-[(2-benzimidazolyl)thio]-beta-benzoyl styrene derivatives have been synthesized by reacting 2-(phenacetylthio)benzimidazole and substituted benzaldehydes in piperidine/dry benzene. structures were verified by microanalysis, ir and nmr spectral analysis. antimicrobial activities of the compounds were investigated by the microdilution susceptibility test; muller-hinton broth and sabouraud dextrose broth were used for the determination of antibacterial and antifungal act ... | 1997 | 9239458 |
| comparative analysis in three fungi reveals structurally and functionally conserved regions in the mig1 repressor. | the mig1 repressor is a key effector in glucose repression in the yeast saccharomyces cerevisiae. to gain further insights into structure-function relationships, we have now cloned the mig1 homologue from the yeast kluyveromyces marxianus. the amino acid sequence deduced from kmmig1 differs significantly from scmig1p outside the highly conserved zinc fingers. however, 12 discrete conserved motifs could be identified in a multiple alignment that also included the k. lactis mig1p sequence. we furt ... | 1997 | 9230894 |
| sexual forms of yeasts in clinical samples. | the sexual or teleomorphic state of yeasts has only been described in a few clinically involved species, mainly those of the saccharomycetaceae family. with the aim of gathering information on their incidence in human pathology, a study has been made of a total of 2,135 strains isolated from clinical samples and cultivated in mcclary agar. from these, 8 strains in teleomorphic state were identified: kluyveromyces marxianus [1], pichia anomala [2], pichia farinosa [1], pichia membranaefaciens [1] ... | 1996 | 9208473 |
| evaluation of the biolog system for the identification of food and beverage yeasts. | the inconvenience of conventional yeast identification methods has resulted in the development of rapid, commercial systems, mainly for clinical yeast species. the biolog system (biolog inc., hayward, ca, usa) is a new semi-automated, computer-linked technology for rapid identification of clinical and non-clinical yeasts. the system is based around a microtitre tray and includes assimilation and oxidation tests. this paper evaluates the biolog system for the identification of 21 species (72 stra ... | 1997 | 9203401 |
| [the cloning and expression of the beta-galactosidase gene of candida pseudotropicalis yeasts in escherichia coli cells]. | the gene encoding the beta-galactosidase of the yeast candida pseudotropicalis was cloned on yep13 shuttle vector as the xhoi-fragment of chromosomal dna of about 9.5 kb. salgi-fragment of 7.5 kb with the beta-galactosidase gene was subcloned from the pg2 hybrid plasmid obtained into the pbr322 plasmid and then shortened to give 5.2 kb via deletion on xhoi site. this plasmid constructed was designated pbg2-1. in dna/dna hybridization studies the appearance of one xhoi-fragment and seven ecori-fr ... | 1997 | 9172860 |
| [uses of microbial beta-galactosidases to reduce lactose content in milk and dairy products]. | the commercial sources of microbial beta-galactosidases (lactases) include the yeasts species kluyveromyces marxianus, kluyveromyces lactis and candida kefyr which are used to hydrolyse lactose in milk due to their optimum ph. on the other hand, lactases obtained from the moulds aspergillus niger and aspergillus oryzae have an acid optimum ph and therefore are used to hydrolyse lactose in whey to obtain whey syrups to be used as raw materials in the food industry. the lactose intolerance problem ... | 1996 | 9122548 |
| the incidence of killer activity and extracellular proteases in tropical yeast communities. | the presence of killer and proteolytic yeasts was studied among 944 isolates representing 105 species from tropical yeast communities. we found 13 killer toxin producing species, with pichia kluyveri being the most frequent. other killer yeast isolates were candida apis, candida bombicola, candida fructus, candida krusei, candida sorbosa, hanseniaspora uvarum, issatchenkia occidentalis, kloeckera apis, kluyveromyces marxianus, pichia membranaefaciens, pichia ohmeri-like, and sporobolomyces roseu ... | 1997 | 9115090 |
| isolation of yeasts from bovine milk in belgium. | a total of 436 milk samples from non-infected and 80 from infected quarters were investigated: 24.5% of the samples collected from non-infected and 55% of those collected from infected quarters were positive. normal milk yielded not less than 16 different species and among them many potentially pathogenic yeast species such as c. parapsilosis, c. guilliermondii, c. tropicalis, c. glabrata and t. asahii, all five able to grow at 40 degrees c. in contrast, the yeasts isolated from infected quarter ... | 1996 | 9063005 |
| cloning and characterization of a gene (lip1) which encodes a lipase from the pathogenic yeast candida albicans. | extracellular phospholipases are demonstrated virulence factors for a number of pathogenic microbes. the opportunistic pathogen candida albicans is known to secrete phospholipases and these have been correlated with strain virulence. in an attempt to clone c. albicans genes encoding secreted phospholipases, saccharomyces cerevisiae was transformed with a c. albicans genomic library and screened for lipolytic activity on egg-yolk agar plates, a traditional screen for phospholipase activity. two i ... | 1997 | 9043110 |
| identification of yeasts and coryneform bacteria from the surface microflora of brick cheeses. | coryneform bacteria and yeasts of 21 brick cheeses from six german dairies, produced by using undefined ripening cultures, were identified. arthrobacter nicotianae, brevibacterium linens, corynebacterium ammoniagenes, corynebacterium variabilis and rhodococcus fascians were found in significant numbers. out of 148 coryneform isolates 36 could not be identified at the species level. with the exception of a large rennet cheese, the coryneform microflora of rennet and acid cured cheeses were simila ... | 1997 | 9039559 |
| fermentation of molasses using a thermotolerant yeast, kluyveromyces marxianus imb3: simplex optimisation of media supplements. | the use of molasses as a substrate for ethanol production by the thermotolerant yeast kluyveromyces marxianus var. marxianus was investigated at 45 degrees c. a maximum ethanol concentration of 7.4% (v/v) was produced from unsupplemented molasses at a concentration of 23% (v/v). the effect on ethanol production of increasing the sucrose concentration in 23% (v/v) molasses was determined. increased sucrose concentration had a similar detrimental effect on the final ethanol produced as the increas ... | 1996 | 8987649 |
| analysis of the risk factors associated with the emergence of azole resistant oral candidosis in the course of hiv infection. | the objective of this case-control study, conducted in a large italian university hospital over a 12-month period, was to evaluate the risk factors associated with the emergence of azole resistant oral candidosis in 64 human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infected patients. a swab was obtained from each patient by brushing candidal lesions. candida albicans was isolated in 41 patients (64%), candida glabrata in ten (16%), candida krusei in five (8%), candida kefyr in two (3%), candida tropicalis i ... | 1996 | 8937963 |
| phylogenetic relationships among members of the ascomycetous yeast genera brettanomyces, debaryomyces, dekkera, and kluyveromyces deduced by small-subunit rrna gene sequences. | a molecular systematic investigation of members of the ascomycetous yeast genera brettanomyces, debaryomyces, dekkera, and kluyveromyces was performed by using 18s rrna gene sequence analysis. our comparative sequence analysis revealed that brettanomyces anomalus and brettanomyces bruxellensis were closely related to one another and also to their teleomorphs, dekkera anomala and dekkera bruxellensis, respectively. together with dekkera custersiana and dekkera naardenensis, these four species for ... | 1996 | 8934908 |
| growth of yeasts in milk and associated changes to milk composition. | the growth of several yeast species in milk containing added sodium chloride (0-15%, w/v) at 25 degrees c and 10 degrees c was examined in conjunction with yeast metabolism of milk constituents. depending on conditions, all yeasts grew to maximum populations of 10(7)-10(8) cfu/ml. kluyveromyces marxianus gave strong utilisation of lactose and weak metabolism of citrate, protein and fat with the production of ethanol, glycerol, lactic acid and propionic acid. as measured by the production of free ... | 1996 | 8880309 |
| location of the beta-galactosidase of the yeast kluyveromyces marxianus var. marxianus atcc 10022. | during the growth of kluyveromyces marxianus var. marxianus atcc 10022 on lactose, peaks of glucose, but not beta-galactosidase activity, were detected in culture medium. harvested and washed whole cells produced glucose and galactose from lactose, or ortho-nitro-phenol from the chromogenic substrate ortho-nitro-phenyl-beta-d-galactopyranoside (onpg), indicating that beta-galactosidase is physically associated with cells. onpg hydrolysis by whole cells presented a monophasic kinetics (km 36.6 mm ... | 1996 | 8836433 |
| high-level secretion of human alpha 1-antitrypsin from saccharomyces cerevisiae using inulinase signal sequence. | the use of a proper signal sequence is one of the major determinants for the efficient secretion of heterologous proteins from yeast. the signal sequence derived from inulinase (inu1a) of kluyveromyces marxianus was evaluated in directing the secretion of a human glycoprotein, alpha 1-antitrypsin (alpha 1-at), from saccharomyces cerevisiae. a yeast expression vector for alpha 1-at was constructed by placing the coding sequence of human alpha 1-at fused with the inu1a signal sequence downstream o ... | 1996 | 8818270 |
| cloning and expression of kluyveromyces fragilis lac4 gene. | the genomic library of kluyveromyces fragilis was constructed in e. coli tg1, and 5 beta-galactosidase gene (lac4) clones have been obtained from the library by complementation of the kluyveromyces lactis lac4-8 mutation. the studies on the structure and the function of the lac4 gene revealed that (i) the gene can also complement e. coli lacz mutation; (ii) the physical map of the k. fragilis lac4 gene was very similar to that of k. lactis; (iii) the beta-galactosidase levels expressed by the cl ... | 1995 | 8745531 |
| behaviour of the yeast kluyveromyces marxianus var. marxianus during its autolysis. | the lactic yeast kluyveromyces marxianus var.marxianus (formerly k. fragilis) autolyzates at faster rate than saccharomyces cerevisiae. during k. marxianus autolysis, quite similar release kinetics were observed for intracellular space markers (potassium ions, nucleotides), cell-wall components (polysaccharides, n-acetyl-d-glucosamine) and non specific products (amino nitrogen). by scanning electronic microscopy examination, no cell burst was observed, but a variation in cell shape (from ellipso ... | 1996 | 8740909 |
| serum level determination of fluconazole by high-performance liquid chromatography and bioassay. | an hplc method using a reverse phase system, an isocratic mobile phase and 1-phenyl-1,2 ethanediol as internal standard and a well diffusion bioassay using a strain of candida pseudotropicalis were compared for the measurement of fluconazole in serum. both methods permit determination of fluconazole in the range from 1 mg/l to 30 mg/l. the correlation between both methods was found to be r = 0.89. both methods are useful for monitoring the serum level of fluconazole in clinical routine work. | 1996 | 8737947 |
| [fluconazole in treatment of urinary candidiasis. experience with 24 patients]. | since fluconazole achieves high urine concentrations, we assessed its usefulness in the treatment of urinary candidiasis. we studied 24 patients (8 male) aged 23 to 97 years old, that presented pyuria with a negative urine culture for bacteria and fungal colony counts in urine of 10(4) cfu/ml or more. isolated strains were candida albicans in 20 cases, candida kefyr in one case, candida glabrata in one case and candida spp in two cases. all patients were treated with fluconazole in doses of 50 t ... | 1995 | 8733268 |
| ability of rapid yeast plus system to identify 304 clinically significant yeasts within 5 hours. | the rapid yeast plus system (innovative diagnostic systems, norcross, ga.) is a qualitative micromethod that uses conventional and chromogenic substrates for the identification of medically important yeasts. the ability of the rapid yeast plus system to accurately identify 304 clinical yeast isolates within 5 h was evaluated. the rapid yeast plus method correctly identified 286 (94.1%) of strains to the species level without the need for additional tests. a further 12 strains (3.9%) were classif ... | 1996 | 8727877 |
| in-vitro antifungal activity of sertaconazole, bifonazole, ketoconazole, and miconazole against yeasts of the candida genus. | the in-vitro antifungal activity of sertaconazole against 110 strains of candida yeasts (50 candida albicans, 15 candida glabrata, 2 candida guilliermodii, 8 candida krusei, 1 candida kefyr, 8 candida parapsilosis and 26 candida tropicalis) was assessed in comparison with bifonazole, ketoconazole, econazole and miconazole. the majority of the strains were clinical isolates; some reference strains were included. a commercial agar diffusion method (neosensitabs, rosco, taastrup, denmark) in shadom ... | 1996 | 8722548 |
| synthesis of ethanone derived from 2-benzoxazolinones and their antimicrobial activities. | a number of 3-(4-substituted benzoyl methyl)-2-benzoxazolinones have been synthesized by reacting with 2-benzoxazolinone and 4-substitutet phenacyl bromide in ethanol. their structures were confirmed by microanalysis, ir and nmr spectral analysis. possible antimicrobial activity of the compounds was investigated by tube dilution and paper disc techniques using bacteria (escherichia coli atcc 25922, staphylococcus aureus atcc 25923, pseudomonas aeruginosa atcc 27853, staphylococcus faecalis rskk ... | 1996 | 8720315 |
| [the antibiotic properties of the phytotoxic metabolites of botrytis cinerea pers]. | antibiotic properties of substances of a phytotoxic complex from botrytis cinerea have been studied for a number of phytopathogenic bacteria, phytopathogenic and toxigenic fungi as well as saprophytic yeast strains. high fungistatic activity of preparations of phytotoxic metabolites (ptm) has been stated for dendrodochium toxicum, myrothecium verrucaria, m. roridum, aspergillus fumigatus, penicillium urticae, agents of heavy human and cattle mycotoxicoses. the studied representatives of phytopat ... | 1995 | 8714399 |
| isolation and characterization of mutants as an approach to a transformation system in kluyveromyces marxianus. | a method to obtain k. marxianus mutants has been developed. different auxotrophic mutants were isolated by nystatin and snail-enzyme enrichment procedures using an incubation time of 2 h before adding the antibiotic or the enzyme respectively. all his mutants analyzed by complementation tests turned out to belong to the same complementation group. some of them were transformed and complemented by the s. cerevisiae his3 gene. these non-reverting his3 mutants contain no heterologous sequence, whic ... | 1996 | 8662215 |
| the occurrence and growth of yeasts in camembert and blue-veined cheeses. | yeast populations greater than 10(6) cfu/g were found in approximately 54% and 36%, respectively in surface samples of retail camembert (85 samples) and blue-veined (45 samples) cheeses. the most predominant species isolated were debaryomyces hansenii, candida catenulata, c. lipolytica, c. kefyr, c. intermedia, saccharomyces cerevisiae, cryptococcus albidus and kluyveromyces marxianus. the salt concentration of the surface samples of the cheeses varied between 2.5-5.5% (w/w) (camembert) and 7.5- ... | 1996 | 8652347 |
| a leishmania major protein with extensive homology to silent information regulator 2 of saccharomyces cerevisiae. | we have isolated a cdna from the protozoan parasite leishmania major (lm) that encodes a protein homologous to the saccharomyces cerevisiae and kluyveromyces marxianus silent information regulator 2 (sir2) proteins. the deduced lm sir2-related protein (termed lmsir2rp) consists of 381 amino acids that share 40.5% identity with yeast sir2, increasing to 60% when substitutions are included. moreover, the lmsir2rp aa sequence contains a single potential zinc-binding domain with a cysxaa2cysxaa20cys ... | 1996 | 8635734 |
| the effect of sodium hypochlorite on potential pathogenic traits of candida albicans and other candida species. | strains of candida albicans, candida krusei, candida kefyr, candida tropicalis, candida parapsilosis and candida guilliermondii were grown in the presence or absence of concentrations of sodium hypochlorite below the minimal inhibitory concentration and tested for a range of characteristics that may be associated with pathogenicity. sodium hypochlorite is used routinely in hospitals in australia for disinfection procedures, and these experiments were designed to assess the efficacy of hypochlori ... | 1995 | 8602340 |
| cloning and sequence analysis of the invertase gene inv 1 from the yeast pichia anomala. | a genomic library from the yeast pichia anomala has been constructed and employed to clone the gene encoding the sucrose-hydrolysing enzyme invertase by complementation of a sucrose non-fermenting mutant of saccharomyces cerevisiae. the cloned gene, inv1, was sequenced and found to encode a polypeptide of 550 amino acids which contained a 22 amino-acid signal sequence and ten potential glycosylation sites. the amino-acid sequence shows significant identity with other yeast invertases and also wi ... | 1996 | 8595669 |
| [the clinical picture of mycotic complications in hiv-infected patients]. | mycotic complications were registered in 21 out of 37 hiv-infected subjects. oropharyngeal candidiasis was most common. it occurred prior to or concurrently with esophageal and skin candidiasis, fungemia, meningoencephalitis and disseminated lesions. with immunodeficiency progression, the prevalence and severity of mycosis go up. the causing fungi vary in great range: candida albicans, candida krusei. candida tropicalis, candida pseudotropicalis, candida parapsilosis. cryptococcus neoformans, rh ... | 1995 | 8577107 |
| molecular probes for diagnosis of fungal infections. | we have developed 21 specific nucleic acid probes which target the large subunit rrna genes from aspergillus flavus, aspergillus fumigatus, aspergillus glaucus, aspergillus niger, aspergillus terreus, blastomyces dermatitidis, candida albicans, candida (torulopsis) glabrata, candida guilliermondii, candida kefyr, candida krusei, candida lusitaniae, candida parapsilosis, candida tropicalis, coccidioides immitis, cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii, cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans, filobas ... | 1995 | 8576345 |
| the effect of photodynamic treatment of yeast with the sensitizer chloroaluminum phthalocyanine on various cellular parameters. | photodynamic treatment of kluyveromyces marxianus with chloroaluminum-phthalocyanine resulted in loss of clonogenicity. several parameters were studied to identify targets that could be related to loss of colony-forming capacity. inhibition of various plasma membrane-bound processes was observed, such as substrate transport and plasma membrane atpase activity. moreover, k+ loss from the cells was observed. photodynamic treatment also reduced the activity of various enzymes involved in energy met ... | 1995 | 8570713 |
| the yeast spectrum of the 'tea fungus kombucha'. | the tea fungus 'kombucha' is a symbiosis of acetobacter, including acetobacter xylinum as a characteristic species, and various yeasts. a characteristic yeast species or genus has not yet been identified. kombucha is mainly cultivated in sugared black tea to produce a slightly acidulous effervescent beverage that is said to have several curative effects. in addition to sugar, the beverage contains small amounts of alcohol and various acids, including acetic acid, gluconic acid and lactic acid, a ... | 1995 | 8559192 |
| yeast communities in a natural tequila fermentation. | fresh and cooked agave, drosophila spp., processing equipment, agave molasses, agave extract, and fermenting must at a traditional tequila distillery (herradura, amatitan, jalisco, méxico) were studied to gain insight on the origin of yeasts involved in a natural tequila fermentations. five yeast communities were identified. (1) fresh agave contained a diverse mycobiota dominated by clavispora lusitaniae and an endemic species, metschnikowia agaveae. (2) drosophila spp. from around or inside the ... | 1995 | 8546452 |
| interactions of candida albicans with bacteria and salivary molecules in oral biofilms. | the yeast candida albicans coaggregates with a variety of streptococcal species, an interaction that may promote oral colonization by yeast cells. c. albicans and candida tropicalis are the yeasts most frequently isolated from the human oral cavity and our data demonstrate that both these species bind to streptococcus gordonii nctc 7869 while two other candida species (candida krusei and candida kefyr) do not. adherence of c. albicans was greatest when the yeast had been grown at 30 degrees c to ... | 1995 | 8519479 |
| sequence of a gene coding for a cytoplasmic alcohol dehydrogenase from kluyveromyces marxianus atcc 12424. | using a saccharomyces cerevisiae adh1 probe, a gene coding for a cytoplasmic alcohol dehydrogenase from kluyveromyces marxianus atcc 12424 (formerly k. fragilis) has been cloned. this gene is able to restore alcoholic fermentation in an adh-null strain of s. cerevisiae and its encoded protein shows strong similarity with other yeast alcohol dehydrogenases (from s. cerevisiae, schizosaccharomyces pombe and its close relative k. lactis). the product of the gene expressed in s. cerevisiae co-migrat ... | 1993 | 8485163 |
| characterization of two monoclonal antibodies against secretory proteinase of candida tropicalis dsm 4238. | two murine igm monoclonal antibodies (mab; mt1 and mt2), which were produced against the secretory aspartic proteinase of candida tropicalis dsm 4238, are described. both antibodies reacted with the native and denatured conformations of the homologous proteinase antigen but showed different patterns of reactivity with other related proteinases (candida albicans cbs 2730, serotype a; c. albicans atcc 48867, serotype b; candida parapsilosis dsm 4237) and with porcine pepsin. neither of the antibod ... | 1993 | 8483055 |
| clinical pharmacokinetics of fluconazole. | fluconazole was recently developed for the treatment of superficial and systemic fungal infections. triazole groups and insertion of 2 fluoride atoms increase the polarity and hydrosolubility of the drug, allowing it to be used in a parenteral form. bioassay methods using candida pseudotropicalis as a test organism were the first techniques used for the determination of fluconazole in body fluids. gas chromatographic and high performance liquid chromatographic methods were later developed with b ... | 1993 | 8448970 |
| alternation of exo- and endotrophy during the mitotic cycle of the yeast cells. | the utilization of the intracellular and extracellular sources of carbon and energy during the mitotic cycle of yeasts saccharomyces cerevisiae, kluyveromyces marxianus, candida boidinii, candida tropicalis has been studied. increase in the consumption rate of carbon and energy sources and in the exogenous respiration rate at g1- and g2-phases of the mitotic cycle is shown. the rate of the endogenous respiration of the cells at these phases decreased. the hypothesis has been proposed that during ... | 1993 | 8446060 |
| dactylfungins, novel antifungal antibiotics produced by dactylaria parvispora. | novel antifungal antibiotics, designated as dactylfungins a (1) and b (3), were isolated from the culture broth of dactylaria parvispora d500. dactylfungins a and b were found to be new substances containing an alpha-pyrone and a gamma-pyrone ring, respectively, which conjoined with a polyalcohol moiety and a long side chain, based on nmr spectral analyses. the antibiotics were active against candida pseudotropicalis and other fungi, with an mic value at less than 10 micrograms/ml. | 1993 | 8436559 |
| comparison of restriction enzyme analysis versus pulsed-field gradient gel electrophoresis as a typing system for torulopsis glabrata and candida species other than c. albicans. | candida species have recently emerged as important nosocomial pathogens. because of the lack of a reliable system for detecting differences within the same species, little is known about the epidemiology of infection with candida species. we describe a typing system for torulopsis glabrata and the non-c. albicans candida species that uses contour-clamped homogeneous electric field electrophoresis (chef), a version of pulsed-field gradient gel electrophoresis, and compared it with restriction enz ... | 1993 | 8396585 |
| inhibition of transport systems in yeast by photodynamic treatment with toluidine blue. | photodynamic treatment of yeast with the sensitizer toluidine blue results in loss of cell viability. in previous investigations it was suggested that plasma membrane damage might be responsible for the loss of colony forming capacity. in this context the influence of photodynamic treatment on transmembrane transport systems was studied. it appeared that the uptake of the sugars glucose, lactose and galactose, the amino acids arginine, phenylalanine, glycine and aspartic acid and of the inorgani ... | 1993 | 8373789 |
| reversible folding of udp-galactose-4-epimerase from yeast kluyveromyces fragilis. | udp-galactose-4-epimerase from yeast kluyveromyces fragilis is a dimeric molecule with one molecule of cofactor nad per dimer. in presence of 8 m urea, the enzyme is inactivated with complete disorganization of its structure and dissociation of the subunits together with the cofactor. dilution of the denaturant by sodium phosphate buffer (20 mm, ph 7.0) containing 1 mm nad recovers the activity to the extent of 80-100%. at a monomer concentration of 0.8 microm, the reactivation follows second-or ... | 1993 | 8373776 |
| high efficiency transformation of kluyveromyces marxianus by a replicative plasmid. | kluyveromyces marxianus can be transformed with an efficiency of 10(5) transformants/microgram of dna by a replicative plasmid using electroporation. in order to obtain this efficiency, we isolated ura- mutants cells which can be complemented by the ura3 gene from saccharomyces cerevisiae. the ura3 gene and kars2, a replicative origin from kluyveromyces lactis which functions in k. marxianus, were ligated together in a plasmid which can be used as a vector to transform this strain. | 1993 | 8358827 |
| cloning and sequencing of the ura3 gene of kluyveromyces marxianus cbs 6556. | the ura3 gene, coding for orotidine-5'-phosphate decarboxylase, from kluyveromyces marxianus cbs 6556, was isolated from a genomic dna library. the k. marxianus ura3 gene encodes a protein of 267 amino acids with a calculated molecular weight of 29.3 kda. comparison of the k. marxianus protein with the corresponding enzymes of saccharomyces cerevisiae and kluyveromyces lactis showed amino acid sequence identities of 81% and 88%, respectively. using contour-clamped homogenous electric field gel e ... | 1993 | 8346683 |
| preparations of liposomal fluconazole and their in vitro antifungal activity. | fluconazole was successfully incorporated into multilamellar (mlv) and large unilamellar liposomes (luv). both mlv and luv were stable up to 72 h in saline but were less stable in the high-resolution medium. the mlv-entrapped fluconazole was found to be four-fold more active than luv-entrapped fluconazole against candida pseudotropicalis and over six-fold more active against c. albicans. the mlv-fluconazole was one-fold less active than free fluconazole in terms of its endpoints (mic value). how ... | 1993 | 8331496 |
| the isolation and nucleotide sequence of the pyruvate decarboxylase gene from kluyveromyces marxianus. | we have determined the nucleotide sequence of a 2360-basepair (bp) region of the kluyveromyces marxianus genome containing the structural gene for the enzyme pyruvate decarboxylase (pdc). comparison of the deduced amino-acid sequence of this gene to that of the saccharomyces cerevisiae pdc genes reveals extensive homology including a motif common to thiamin diphosphate-dependent enzymes. | 1993 | 8221939 |
| flocculation of kluyveromyces marxianus is induced by a temperature upshift. | an upshift of the growth temperature from 26 to 40 degrees c in the presence of calcium leads to the aggregation of kluyveromyces marxianus cells and to the formation of flocs. analysis of cell wall proteins, either by sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of extractable mannoproteins or by immunolocalization, revealed an accumulation of a protein with mr 37 kda(p37), upon flocculation. immunological studies confirmed the homology of this protein with the glycolytic enzyme g ... | 1993 | 8212893 |
| engulfment and killing capabilities of neutrophils and phagocytic splenic function in persons occupationally exposed to lead. | phagocytosis and intracellular killing of candida albicans and candida pseudotropicalis by neutrophils as well as phagocytic splenic function from lead-exposed workers were studied. two species of candida were used since in individuals with myeloperoxidase deficiency neutrophils are unable to kill c. albicans, whereas c. pseudotropicalis can be effectively lysed. phagocytosis with both antigens and phagocytic splenic function were normal in all the workers studied. however, lytic activity toward ... | 1994 | 8206690 |
| [use of cheese whey for growing the bradyrhizobium japonicum e-109 strain]. | the growth of bradyrhizobium japonicum e-109 using cheese whey as carbon source was studied. the cheese whey was previously hydrolyzed by acid or enzymatic treatment with purified beta galactosidase or a crude extract from kluyveromyces fragilis. the results obtained demonstrated that the use of the modified enzymatic hydrolyzed whey as carbon source allowed the growth of b. japonicum e-109 reaching a concentration of approximately 10(10) viable cells/ml. these results are considered of industri ... | 1993 | 8153350 |
| suppression of fungal growth exhibited by pseudomonas aeruginosa. | three surgery patients were monitored postoperatively, with particular reference to lung infection. in each case there was a clinical impression that pseudomonas aeruginosa suppressed the growth of candida albicans in patients with clinically significant lung infections from whom both of these organisms were isolated from serial sputum samples. regrowth of c. albicans after p. aeruginosa eradication occurred in two patients, despite fluconazole therapy, to which both c. albicans isolates were su ... | 1994 | 8150966 |
| changes in the spectrum of fungal isolates: results from clinical specimens gathered in 1987/88 compared with those in 1991/92 in the university hospital göttingen, germany. | in the university hospital in göttingen, the spectra of fungal species in clinical specimens of respiratory secretions, bronchial secretions and urine were compared over periods of 15 months (10/87 to 12/88 and 1/91 to 3/92) before and after the introduction of fluconazole. the following changes could be demonstrated: 1. in all specimens analysed the number of candida albicans isolates decreased, while the number of candida tropicalis isolates remained almost unchanged. 2. during the observation ... | 1993 | 8114803 |
| mycotic and algal bovine mastitis in denmark. | a one-year examination of mammary secretions (n = 2,896) from danish cattle with clinical or subclinical mastitis revealed 45 strains of fungi and algae. the strains originated from 44 mammary secretions of 42 cows in 40 herds. the following species of fungi were identified: candida catenulata (n = 2), candida kefyr (n = 6), candida krusei (n = 17), candida rugosa (n = 6), candida tropicalis (n = 3), candida valida (n = 1), geotrichum capitatum (n = 5). the algal species prototheca zopfii was de ... | 1994 | 8068305 |
| rapid presumptive identification of medically relevant yeasts to the species level by polymerase chain reaction and restriction enzyme analysis. | a method for the rapid presumptive differentiation of a panel of 12 clinically relevant yeasts to the species level was developed on the basis of evaluation by the polymerase chain reaction (pcr) of the gene coding for the small ribosomal subunit 18s-rrna. the method involved restriction enzyme analysis of pcr products obtained with primers common to all fungi. using six restriction enzymes, alui, bani, bbsi, draii, eco147i and nhei, characteristic pcr-restriction enzyme patterns were obtained f ... | 1994 | 8064542 |
| evaluation of two commercialized systems for the rapid identification of medically important yeasts. | a total of 77 recent clinical isolates of candida albicans and other medically important yeasts were identified by two different commercial tests, rapidec albicans (api-biomérieux) and fongiscreen 4h (sanofi diagnostics pasteur), and conventional mycological methods. the strains were from 13 different species of yeasts and consisted of strains of 36 c. albicans, three of candida famata, nine of candida (torulopsis) glabrata, five of candida guilliermondii, two of candida kefyr, three of candida ... | 1993 | 8015561 |
| in vitro infection of human fetal membranes with candida species. | to assess whether candida species can penetrate intact fetal membranes under in vitro conditions, candida albicans, candida tropicalis, candida guilliermondii, candida pseudotropicalis and candida glabrata were inoculated onto the surface of the maternal side of the membranes obtained from 4 pregnant women undergoing repeat cesarean section. after incubation under culture conditions, membranes were evaluated by histological examination. c. albicans inoculated onto the maternal side penetrated an ... | 1994 | 8005544 |
| in the budding yeast kluyveromyces marxianus, adenylate cyclase is regulated by ras protein(s) in vitro. | the presence of adenylate cyclase activity was first demonstrated in membrane fractions from the budding yeast kluyveromyces marxianus. the enzyme showed a mn(2+)- and mg(2+)-dependent activity, with optimal ph at around 6 as observed in other yeast species. as in saccharomyces cerevisiae, where adenylate cyclase is regulated by ras1 and ras2, we detected a guanyl nucleotide-dependent activity. interestingly y13-259 monoclonal antibody, raised against mammalian p21ha-ras, inhibited mg2+ plus gtp ... | 1994 | 7992514 |
| nadh: ubiquinone oxidoreductase in obligate aerobic yeasts. | the strictly aerobic yeasts candida pinus, cryptococcus albidus, rhodotorula minuta, rhodotorula mucilaginosa and trichosporon beigelii possess mitochondrial nadh dehydrogenases with significant features of the nadh:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex i). these species show in all growth phases and under standard cultivation conditions, nadh dehydrogenases of approximately 700 kda, which are sensitive to rotenone, a specific inhibitor of this complex. identical results were obtained with the weak ... | 1994 | 7941733 |
| structure of cell wall mannan of candida kefyr ifo 0586. | we conducted a structural analysis of the antigenic cell wall mannoprotein (mannan) isolated from candida kefyr (formerly candida pseudotropicalis) ifo 0586. the result of two-dimensional homonuclear hartmann-hahn analysis of this mannan indicates that the molecule is constructed from alpha-1,2- and alpha-1,6-linked mannopyranose residues. upon alkali treatment (beta-elimination reaction), this mannan released two alpha-1,2-linked mannooligosaccharides, biose and triose. the structure of the alk ... | 1994 | 7927705 |
| structure of the abf1-homologue from kluyveromyces marxianus. | by transformation of a saccharomyces cerevisiae mutant strain conditionally expressing the abf1-gene, a kluyveromyces marxianus dna fragment carrying the gene encoding the abf1-homologue of this yeast strain (kmabf1) was selected. comparison of the sequence of the kmabf1 gene with that encoding saccharomyces cerevisiae abf1 and the previously isolated abf1-gene from kluyveromyces lactis (klabf1) revealed distinct regions displaying considerable homology and therefore most likely representing seq ... | 1993 | 7916634 |