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adolescence and the diet-dieting disparity: healthy food choice or risky health behaviour?food choice in schoolchildren was examined in relation to dieting and measures of eating psychopathology. it was predicted that dieters would make healthier food choices compared to non-dieters and that measures of eating psychopathology would be associated with food choice.200314614792
selection of an adsorbent for lead removal from drinking water by a point-of-use treatment device.the removal of lead from drinking water was investigated to develop a point-of-use water filter that could meet the regulation imposed by the new european directive 98-83 lowering lead concentration in drinking water below 10 microgl(-1). the objective of this research was to assess the potential of different adsorbents (zeolites, resins, activated carbon, manganese oxides, cellulose powder) to remove lead from tap water with a very short contact time. to begin, the repartition of the lead speci ...200314604636
effect on high-density lipoprotein cholesterol of maximum dose simvastatin and atorvastatin in patients with hypercholesterolemia: results of the comparative hdl efficacy and safety study (chess).previous studies have shown that effects on high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (hdl-c) may differ among statins.200314597936
lie detection with contingent negative variation.topographies of contingent negative variation (cnv) were recorded in a paradigm of delayed response with feedback for three kinds of faces: familiar, strange and target. subjects made responses to the faces according to whether the faces were familiar or not, but also, gave deliberately deceptive responses to target faces to 'cheat the computer'. subjects were told that the computer could judge whether they were being honest or not. for each trial of the experiment, if subjects cheated the compu ...200314585493
climate, hydrochemistry and economics of surface-water systems (chess): adding a european dimension to the catchment modelling experience developed under lois.one achievement of the uk land-ocean interaction study (lois) was to link dynamic biogeochemical models of different domains, e.g. rivers, estuaries and coastal waters, and to use the linked model to investigate possible changes from the current status that might occur in the future, for example as the result of climate change. the climate, hydrochemistry and economics of surface-water systems (chess) project has taken the lois methodology forward by exploring possible impacts of climate change ...200314499543
[on reactions of patients with schizophrenia to the game of chess]. 196114494935
chess, oedipus, and the mater dolorosa. 200614437108
chess, oedipus and the mater dolorosa. 196014437107
[how to start a practice as a healer and to cheat the treasury]. 196014419259
"some part of me will cheat the goddess of death". 196514325621
the problem of the identical twin as reflected in a masochistic compulsion to cheat. 200713640763
[psychophysiology of chess]. 201613542972
the chess-board excision technique: a new technique in the treatment of angioma scrotalis. 195713510572
[the meaning of chess in a case of autism]. 200713466618
[some schizoid mechanisms related to chess playing]. 200513311001
problems in the diagnosis of q fever by complement-fixation tests.for the selection of a suitable antigen concentration for use in routine complement-fixation tests with q-fever antisera, a rigid system of antigen units is unsatisfactory. the optimum antigen dilution should be judged after inspection of the results of full "chess-board" titrations with a variety of antisera. non-specific reactions may occur with sera from patients with primary atypical pneumonia or sera which have deteriorated during storage. these may be detected with a typhus antigen or some ...195513284559
[chiropractic based upon cheat]. 195313066539
[is cheating with automatic perimetry possible?].automatic perimetry examination requires the patient's cooperation, but the programs used check response validity. this study evaluated the possibility of patient cheating on this examination.200312910198
hopelessness is associated with decreased heart rate variability during championship chess games.clinical observations suggest that negative affects such as helplessness/hopelessness (he/ho) may induce autonomic duration; affects were assessed for every move after reconstruction of the games. in all games compiled, 18 situation of intense confidence/optimism and 20 of intense helplessness/hopelessness were observed.200612883118
[usefulness of 3d-vibe method in breast dynamic mri: imaging parameters and contrasting effects].mr imaging (mri) has been reported to be a useful modality to characterize breast tumors and to evaluate disease extent. contrast-enhanced dynamic mri, in particular, allows breast lesions to be characterized with high sensitivity and specificity. our study was designed to develop three-dimensional volumetric interpolated breath-hold examination (3d-vibe) techniques for the evaluation of breast tumors. first, agarose/gd-dtpa phantoms with various concentrations of gd-dtpa were imaged using 3d-vi ...200312881683
nectarless flowers: ecological correlates and evolutionary stability.in animal-pollinated flowers, the pollinators cannot detect the presence of nectar before entering flowers, and therefore flowers may cheat by not producing nectar. an earlier model suggested that a mixed strategy of producing nectarful and nectarless flowers would be evolutionarily stable. here we compare nectarless flowers as a cheating strategy with three competing hypotheses namely "visit-more-flowers", "cross-pollination enhancement" and "better contact". we collected field data on 28 speci ...200312838401
crystallization and preliminary crystallographic analysis of a new class of glutathione transferase from nematodes.mouse and heligmosomoides polygyrus constitute a readily manipulated small-animal laboratory model for investigating host-nematode interactions. two major forms of glutathione transferase (gst) are expressed in h. polygyrus adult worms following primary infection. one of these forms belongs to a new class of gst which has only been found in the nematode phylum and therefore presents a possible target for nematode control. in this study, crystals were obtained of a recombinant representative of t ...200312832779
the nerve growth factor and the neuroscience chess board. 200312825319
[temperament and affective disorders--historical basis of current discussion].the history of the temperament concept begins in ancient greece. the humoral theory remained influential over the centuries. at the beginning of the 20 th century, both wilhelm wundt and his pupil emil kraepelin formulated new aspects. wundt described two dimensions: "speed of variability of emotions" and "intensity of emotions". kraepelin observed four fundamental states (depressive, manic, irritable and cyclothymic), which he linked to manic-depressive illness. since then different lines of te ...200312796852
global gamesmanship.competition among multinationals these days is likely to be a three-dimensional game of global chess: the moves an organization makes in one market are designed to achieve goals in another in ways that aren't immediately apparent to its rivals. the authors--all management professors-call this approach "competing under strategic interdependence," or csi. and where this interdependence exists, the complexity of the situation can quickly overwhelm ordinary analysis. indeed, most business strategist ...200312747163
ecology: a liverwort cheat. 200312712186
preference, specificity and cheating in the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis.arbuscular mycorrhizal symbioses are mutualistic interactions between fungi and most plants. there is considerable interest in this symbiosis because of the strong nutritional benefits conferred to plants and its influence on plant diversity. until recently, the symbiosis was assumed to be unspecific. however, two studies have now revealed that although it can be largely unspecific with the fungal community composition changing seasonally, in certain ecosystems it can also be highly specific and ...200312711222
continuing progress in the chess game of aids treatment.the sixth international congress on drug therapy in hiv infection was held november 17-21, 2002, in glasgow, scotland and the program included keynote lectures, plenary sessions, satellite symposia and poster sessions. more than 2,500 delegates, including physicians, community representatives researchers, members of the pharmaceutical industry and other health professionals, took part in the congress. highlights of the congress are discussed. (c) 2002 prous science. all rights reserved.200212677254
banner's end run must end. company plays chess with assets it inherited while communities pay the price. 200312645467
comparison of assessments of children's eating-disordered behaviors by interview and questionnaire.in adults, interview methods may detect eating-disordered behaviors more accurately than self-report methods. however, no studies have investigated the relationships between interview and self-report assessments in children. we compared results from the eating disorder examination adapted for children (chede) with the adolescent version of the questionnaire on eating and weight patterns (qewp-a) and with the children's eating attitude test (cheat) in a nontreatment sample of overweight and norma ...200312616588
common language or tower of babel? on the evolutionary dynamics of signals and their meanings.we investigate how the evolution of communication strategies affects signal credibility when there is common interest as well as a conflict between communicating individuals. taking alarm calls as an example, we show that if the temptation to cheat is low, a single signal is used in the population. if the temptation increases cheaters will erode the credibility of a signal, and an honest mutant using a different signal ('a private code') will be very successful until this, in turn, is cracked by ...200312590773
a functional mri study of high-level cognition. ii. the game of go.go is a board game thought to be different from chess in many aspects, most significantly in that go emphasizes global strategy more than local battle, a property very difficult for computer programs to emulate. to investigate the neural basis of go, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fmri) was used to measure brain activities of subjects engaged in playing go. enhanced activations were observed in many cortical areas, such as dorsal prefrontal, parietal, occipital, posterior temporal, and p ...200312589886
a functional mri study of high-level cognition. i. the game of chess.chess is a game that involves many aspects of high level cognition and requires sophisticated problem solving skills. however, there is little understanding of the neural basis of chess cognition. this study employed functional magnetic resonance imaging (fmri) to identify cortical areas that are active during the analysis of chess positions compared with a spatial task with matched visual stimuli. bilateral activation was revealed in the superior frontal lobes, the parietal lobes, and occipital ...200312589885
the functional localization of neural networks using genetic algorithms.we presented an algorithm for extracting boolean functions (propositions, rules) from the units in trained neural networks. the extracted boolean functions make the hidden units understandable. however, in some cases, the extracted boolean functions are complicated, and so are not understandable, which means that the hidden units are not functionally localized. this paper presents an algorithm for the functional localization of (the hidden units of) neural networks. when a hidden unit is well ap ...200312576106
electronic support groups for breast carcinoma: a clinical trial of effectiveness.a recent pew charitable trust study found that 52,000,000 individuals used the internet to obtain health/medical information. clinical trials of face-to-face breast carcinoma support groups show evidence of 1) improvement in quality of life, 2) reduction of psychologic symptoms, 3) improvement in coping responses, and 4) a reduction in pain. to the authors' knowledge, a few studies published to date have investigated internet-delivered electronic support groups (esgs) for cancer. the most sophis ...200312569591
polymers in medicine; a game of chess. 200312568778
the mds-chess scale: a new measure to predict mortality in institutionalized older people.to develop a scale predicting mortality and other adverse outcomes associated with frailty.200312534853
[evaluation of t(1)-weighted black blood imaging using triple inversion recovery].the black blood sequence, in which the blood signal is suppressed, fundamentally provides t(2)-weighted images. we developed a t(1)-weighted black blood sequence. this new sequence improved the triple ir sequence that uses three inversion pulses by continuously providing three inversion pulses. by so doing, the sequence lengthens the time from the third inversion pulse to data sampling. the new sequence sets the flip angle of the third inversion pulse to 95-110 degrees. consequently, the differe ...200212520219
visuospatial abilities of chess players.the extent to which the acquisition of expertise in knowledge-rich domains, such as chess, can be influenced by general individual characteristics, such as intelligence, has remained unclear. some previous studies with children have documented significant correlations between chess skill and performance on some psychometric tests, such as performance iq. however, we found no evidence for a correlation between chess skill and visual memory ability in a group of adult chess players (n = 36, age = ...200212519534
quantum protocol for cheat-sensitive weak coin flipping.we present a quantum protocol for the task of weak coin flipping. we find that, for one choice of parameters in the protocol, the maximum probability of a dishonest party winning the coin flip if the other party is honest is 1/sqrt[2]. we also show that if parties restrict themselves to strategies wherein they cannot be caught cheating, their maximum probability of winning can be even smaller. as such, the protocol offers additional security in the form of cheat sensitivity.200212485105
do chess and go need 'g'? 200212475701
crystallization and preliminary x-ray analysis of the tumor metastasis factor p37.p37, an outer-membrane bacterial protein from mycoplasma hyorhinis, is a molecule whose presence on the surface of many tumor cells correlates highly with increased neoplastic invasivity and metastasis. p37 was overexpressed in escherichia coli, purified by affinity chromatography and crystallized. useful single crystals for x-ray diffraction structural studies have been grown by oil-immersion methods from a solution of 40% peg 4000, 0.1 m ammonium bromide in a 0.1 m citrate buffer at ph 4.0. x- ...200212454480
counting channels: a tutorial guide on ion channel fluctuation analysis.ion channels open and close in a stochastic fashion, following the laws of probability. however, distinct from tossing a coin or a die, the probability of finding the channel closed or open is not a fixed number but can be modified (i.e., we can cheat) by some external stimulus, such as the voltage. single-channel records can be obtained using the appropriate electrophysiological technique (e.g., patch clamp), and from these records the open probability and the channel conductance can be calcula ...200212444005
chess: 10 years of research and development in consumer health informatics for broad populations, including the underserved.this paper reviews the research and development around a consumer health informatics system chess (the comprehensive health enhancement support system) developed and tested by the center for health systems research and analysis at the university of wisconsin. the review places particular emphasis on what has been found with regard to the acceptance and use of such systems by high risk and underserved groups.200212414016
too hot to handle? synchrotron x-ray damage of lipid membranes and mesophases.the call for brighter synchrotron x-radiation sources for use in structural biology research is barely audible as we enter the new millennium. our brightest sources are already creating havoc when used at design specifications because of radiation damage. the time is long overdue to take stock of where we are and where we wish to go with regards to using existing sources and to designing new ones. the problem of radiation damage is particularly acute in studies involving kinetics and mechanisms ...200212409619
biting cleaner fish use altruism to deceive image-scoring client reef fish.humans are more likely to help those who they have observed helping others previously. individuals may thus benefit from being altruistic without direct reciprocity of recipients but due to gains in 'image' and associated indirect reciprocity. i suggest, however, that image-scoring individuals may be exploitable by cheaters if pay-offs vary between interactions. i illustrate this point with data on cleaner-client reef fish interactions. i show the following: (i) there is strong variation between ...200212396482
cheat sheet contraceptives. 200212389530
epiparasitic plants specialized on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi.over 400 non-photosynthetic species from 10 families of vascular plants obtain their carbon from fungi and are thus defined as myco-heterotrophs. many of these plants are epiparasitic on green plants from which they obtain carbon by 'cheating' shared mycorrhizal fungi. epiparasitic plants examined to date depend on ectomycorrhizal fungi for carbon transfer and exhibit exceptional specificity for these fungi, but for most myco-heterotrophs neither the identity of the fungi nor the sources of thei ...200212353033
the role of attack and defense semantics in skilled players' memory for chess positions.there is much evidence that chess skill is based on chunks in memory that represent parts of positions from previously encountered games. however, the content of these chunks is a matter for debate. according to one view, (1) the closer two pieces are to each other on a board (proximity), the more likely they are to be in the same chunk, and (2) skilled players encode the precise locations of pieces. an alternative view is that what information is encoded in a chess chunk is determined more by p ...200212219888
crystallization and preliminary crystallographic analysis of the ezrin ferm domain.ezrin is a member of the erm (ezrin/radixin/moesin) family of proteins that cross-link the actin cytoskeleton to the plasma membrane and that also function, both upstream and downstream of the small g-protein rho, in signaling cascades that regulate the assembly of actin stress fibers. in this study, crystals were obtained of the amino-terminal 297 residues (referred to as ferm) of ezrin. the crystals of the ferm domain of ezrin belong to the monoclinic space group p2(1), with unit-cell paramete ...200212136155
computational explorations of the influence of structured knowledge on age-related cognitive decline.experience in a domain can sometimes offset cognitive declines that occur with aging. using a series of neural network simulations of learning chess opening positions, the authors investigated how structured knowledge in a distributed representation may influence age-related declines. aging manipulations implemented as modulations of neural noise showed increased knowledge as being protective of performance on a chess memory span task, whereas changes in neural plasticity and neural loss lead to ...200212061410
increase in detrusor wall thickness indicates bladder outlet obstruction (boo) in men.detrusor wall thickness decreases continuously while the bladder fills to 50% of its capacity and then remains constant until 100%. therefore, detrusor wall measurements were performed in patients when the bladder was filled to maximum capacity only. mean detrusor wall thickness for unobstructed (n = 14), equivocal (n=23) and obstructed patients (n=33) were 1.33, 1.62 and 2.4 mm, respectively (p <0.001). with increasing chess letters and chess numbers, the thickness of the detrusor wall increase ...200212022713
complex of rat transthyretin with tetraiodothyroacetic acid refined at 2.1 and 1.8 a resolution.the crystal structure of rat transthyretin (rttr) complex with 3,5,3',5'-tetraiodothyroacetic acid (t4ac) was determined at 1.8 a resolution with low temperature synchrotron data collected at chess. the structure was refined to r = 0.207 and rfree = 0.24 with the use of 8-1.8 a data. the additional 8000 reflections from the incomplete 2.1-1.8 data shell, included in the refinement, reduced the rfree index by 1.3%. structure comparison with the model refined against the complete 8-2.1 a data reve ...200111995998
the perceptual aspect of skilled performance in chess: evidence from eye movements.expert and intermediate chess players attempted to choose the best move in five chess positions while their eye movements were monitored. experts were faster and more accurate than intermediates in choosing the best move. experts made fewer fixations per trial and greater amplitude saccades than did intermediates, but there was no difference in fixation duration across skill groups. examining the spatial distribution of the first five fixations for each position by skill group revealed that expe ...200111913751
[how does fetus cheat mother's t-cells?]. 199911859507
cheating must be okay--everybody does it!cheating has been a part of structured academics since time immemorial. students cheat to pass a test, to pass a course, and to get better grades than others. they also cheat to obtain the benefits that better grades offer-scholarships, admission to graduate programs, recognition at ceremonies, and prestigious job offers. this article presents data obtained from a survey of nursing students and lists the measures taken to reduce cheating in the classroom.201511840063
a longitudinal study of the development of dieting among 7-17-year-old swedish girls.to examine the extent to which the prevalence of self-reported dieting and the wish to be thinner changed in 7-15-year-old girls over a 3-year period, and to explore potential differences between cohorts recruited in 1995 and 1999. in addition, changes in eating attitudes (children's eating attitudes test [cheat]) were compared between 1995 and 1999.200211835295
perceptual automaticity in expert chess players: parallel encoding of chess relations.a check detection task in a 5 x 5 section of the chessboard, containing a king and one or two potential checking pieces was employed. the checking status (i.e., the presence or absence of a check) and the number of attackers (one or two) were manipulated. it was found that the reaction time cost for adding a distractor was differentially greater in no trials than yes trials for novice, but not for expert, chess players. in addition, we contrasted standard check detection trials with trials in wh ...200111700901
covalent three-dimensional titanium(iv)-aryloxide networks.ti((i)opr)(4) was treated with 2.58 equiv of hydroquinone in thf to yield a red-orange powder formulated as [ti(oc(6)h(4)o)(a)()(oc(6)h(4)oh)(3.34)(-)(1.83)(a)()(o(i)pr)(0.66)(-)(0.17)(a)() (thf)(0.2)](n)() (1, (0.91 </= a </= 1.82)) based upon d(2)o/dcl quenching studies. treatment of 1 with an excess of hydroquinone in et(2)o or dme afforded burgundy [ti(2)(&mgr;(1,4)-oc(6)h(4)o)(2)(&mgr;(1,4)-oc(6)h(4)oh)(2)(&mgr;-oc(6)h(4)oh)(2)](infinity) (2). burgundy [ti(2)(&mgr;(1,4)-oc(6)h(4)o)(2)(&mgr; ...199911671077
cancer 'cheat' accepts his medicine. 198211655459
tempests in a test tube: two new studies ask why scientists cheat. 198711649813
fast three-point dixon mr imaging using low-resolution images for phase correction: a comparison with chemical shift selective fat suppression for pediatric musculoskeletal imaging.the purpose of this study is to describe and to implement a new fast three-point dixon mr imaging sequence with online image reconstruction, and to compare this sequence with conventional chemical shift selective (chess) suppression of fat in pediatric musculoskeletal imaging.200111641161
capablanca's stroke: an early case of neurogenic heart disease. cuban-world-champion of chess 1921-1927.the great chess master jose raul capablanca died of a stroke in new york city in 1942. an analysis of his death is instructive in the discussion of cardiac repercussions of hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage, particularly regarding the close relationship between subendocardial hemorrhage and its probable source - sympathetic activation - caused by stroke.199811620526
cheat and impostor: debate following the case of the rabbit breeder. 198611616919
chess: ten years of research and development in consumer health informatics for broad populations, including the underserved.this paper reviews the research and development around a consumer health informatics system chess (the comprehensive health enhancement support system) developed and tested by the center for health systems research and analysis at the university of wisconsin. the review will place particular emphasis on what has been found with regard to the acceptance and use of such systems by high risk and underserved groups.200111604968
[pathological convolutions of internal carotid arteries as one of the causes of visual dysfunction in children].visual evoked potentials (vep) in response to reverse chess patterns were studied in 68 patients aged 7-14 years with pathological convolutions of internal carotid arteries and 25 healthy children. the latent period was increased and the amplitude of p100 peak decreased in the patients, which was indicative of dysfunction of the visual route. vep changed at early stages of cerebral circulation insufficiency. the relationship between hemodynamic parameters and vep values was proven. increased lat ...200611569171
low-power water suppression by hyperbolic secant pulses with controlled offsets and delays (washcode).a class of chemical-shift-selective (chess) water suppression (ws) schemes is presented in which the characteristic frequency-domain excitation profiles of "adiabatic" full-passage (afp) rf pulses are utilized for frequency-selective excitation of the water resonance. in the proposed ws schemes, dubbed washcode, hyperbolic secant (hs) pulses were used as the afp pulses. besides the high immunity of ws efficiency toward b(1) inhomogeneity, these sequences also exhibit extraordinary insensitivity ...200111531376
effect of computer support on younger women with breast cancer.assess impact of a computer-based patient support system on quality of life in younger women with breast cancer, with particular emphasis on assisting the underserved.200111520380
pattern of focal gamma-bursts in chess players. 200111493907
three-dimensional chess in a rowboat. 200411411408
body image and dieting behavior in cystic fibrosis.to examine the relationship between pulmonary function, nutritional status, body image, and eating attitudes in children with cystic fibrosis (cf) compared with healthy controls.200111389290
illusory words created by repetition blindness: a technique for probing sublexical representations.when two orthographically similar words are displayed using rapid serial visual presentation (rsvp), the repeated letters in the second critical word (w2) are not detected, leading to a deficit in reporting this word, a phenomenon known as repetition blindness (rb). the unrepeated letters in w2 do appear to be detected and available to feed activation to words compatible with them (morris & harris, 1999). when a fragment was strategically placed in the rsvp stream, as in grow throw ank, observer ...200111340856
novice construction of chess memory.novice acquisition of skilled recall of chess positions was studied in an experiment in which two novices studied a series of five hundred chess positions during a period of several months. they spent fifteen minutes to half an hour a day teaching themselves these positions. as a result their skill in recalling chess positions rose from sixteen percent to somewhere between forty to fifty percent. the learning curve proved to have a shape which indicates that in the beginning learning is very fas ...200111321637
stabilization of isolated mixed-valence trimers in a novel nickel dithiolene complex with cf2 substituents.the preparation of the novel paramagnetic nickel dithiolene complex ni(f2pdt)2-* (f2pdt2-: 2,2-difluoro-1,3-propanediyldithioethylene-1,2-dithiolate) and its x-ray crystal structure as n-bu4n+ salt are described. (n-bu4n)[ni(f2pdt)2] (2) crystallizes in the orthorhombic system, space group pna2(1) with a = 21.379(4) a, b = 8.9702(18) a, and c = 18.527(4) a. the radical anions are isolated from each other by the bulky n-bu4n+ cations and exhibit a curie-type magnetic behavior. two reversible redo ...200111304153
visual span in expert chess players: evidence from eye movements.the reported research extends classic findings that after briefly viewing structured, but not random, chess positions, chess masters reproduce these positions much more accurately than less-skilled players. using a combination of the gaze-contingent window paradigm and the change blindness flicker paradigm, we documented dramatically larger visual spans for experts while processing structured, but not random, chess positions. in addition, in a check-detection task, a minimized 3 x 3 chessboard c ...200111294228
examples of real world engineering ethics problems.nine examples are presented illustrating the kinds of problems encountered in actual practice by conscientious engineers. these cases are drawn fom the records of the ieee ethics committee, and from the experience of the ethics helpline initiated recently by the online ethics center for engineering and science. they range from situations in which companies try to cheat one another to those in which human health and safety are jeopardized. in one case, an engineer learned that even a quiet resign ...200011273465
the relative contributions of recognition and search-evaluation processes to high-level chess performance: comment on gobet and simon. 200011273426
critical notice."goodness of fit": clinical applications from infancy through adult life. by stella chess & alexander thomas. brunner/mazel, philadelphia, pa, 1999. pp. 229. pound24.95 (hb). chess and thomas's pioneering longitudinal studies of temperamental individuality started over 40 years ago (thomas et al., 1963). their publications soon became and remain classics. their concept of "goodness of fit" emerges out of this monumental work but has had a long gestation period. in their new book, the authors dis ...200011260833
[modification of one-stage urethral plastic surgery by hodgson iii in proximal hypospadia in boys].from 1996 to 1999 45 boys with proximal hypospadia (ph) aged 8 months to 15 years were operated according to modified one-stage urethral plastic operation according to hodgson iii for correction of complicated ph. 23 of them were untreated and 22 were surgically treated with unsatisfactory results. corpus hypospadia with gross deformity of the cavernous bodies was observed in 15 patients. 12 and 18 boys had corpus-scrotal and scrotal hypospadia, respectively. urethral plasty was carried out by d ...200811186322
the psychology of social chess and the evolution of attribution mechanisms: explaining the fundamental attribution error.theory of mind is the field devoted to understanding how organisms discern the mental states of others. because mental states are not directly observable, they can only be inferred from observable features of the actor (such as behavior) and the situational context that the actor is in. social psychologists, who study theory of mind processes under the rubric of attribution research, have shown that people often make a logical error of inference: the "fundamental attribution error" (fae) is the ...200111182572
some shortcomings of long-term working memory.within the framework of their long term working memory theory, ericsson and kintsch (1995) propose that experts rapidly store information in long-term memory through two mechanisms: elaboration of long-term memory patterns and schemas and use of retrieval structures. they use chess players' memory as one of their most compelling sources of empirical evidence. in this paper, i show that evidence from chess memory, far from supporting their theory, limits its generality. evidence from other domain ...200011104178
experiences of women with breast cancer: exchanging social support over the chess computer network.using an existential-phenomenological approach, this paper describes how women with breast cancer experience the giving and receiving of social support in a computer-mediated context. women viewed their experiences with the computer-mediated support group as an additional and unique source of support in facing their illness. anonymity within the support group fostered equalized participation and allowed women to communicate in ways that would have been more difficult in a face-to-face context. t ...201611010346
assessment of eating behaviours and attitudes to eating, dieting and body image in pre-adolescent swedish girls: a one-year follow-up.a 1-y follow-up of fifty 8-y-old swedish girls was performed to assess changes in eating attitudes and dieting behaviour. individual structured interviews using the children's eating attitudes test (cheat) and body image silhouettes were used. the question, "have you ever tried to lose weight?" was employed to discriminate dieters from non-dieters. dieting behaviours according to the cheat increased over the follow-up period.200010976846
ori to study why cheaters cheat. 200010973292
the quality of interactive computer use among hiv-infected individuals.this study examined how hiv-infected individuals used an interactive health software package called chess (comprehensive health enhancement support system). chess packages information and support in a variety of ways; the research examined how a subset of users whose posttest scores in a larger randomized trial showed significant improvement in quality of life compared on use patterns of chess with those who did not improve. the evidence presented here points to the nature of chess use more than ...199810947374
increased resolution data from a large unit cell crystal collected at a third-generation synchrotron x-ray source.a third-generation synchrotron source was used to collect data from crystals with a very large unit cell. there was an increase in the effective resolution of the data from 5 to 3.5 a. data were collected on crystals of hk97 mature empty capsids, space group p2(1), with unit-cell parameters a = 580, b = 625, c = 790 a, beta = 90.0 degrees. like other crystals with very large unit-cell dimensions, the intensity falls off rapidly as a function of resolution, with a precipitous drop beginning at 9 ...200010930835
health informatics and community health: support for patients as collaborators in care.health informatics has much to offer community health care. computer networks and telecommunications provide particular support that can enhance the collaboration among clinicians, care providers and patients. special-purpose computer tools referred to as consumer health informatics (chi) represent the application of computer and information technologies specifically to support the health information and communication needs of patients and lay persons. research projects like computerlink and che ...199910805012
reduced (1)h-nmr visibility of creatine in isolated rat hearts.the aim of this study was to measure the concentration of creatine in langendorff perfused rat hearts, both by quantitative (1)h-mrs and by high-pressure liquid chromatography (hplc). first, the relaxation times and other parameters affecting absolute quantification by mrs were determined. at 11.75 t, the relaxation times of myocardial creatine were t(1) = 1.1+/-0.29 sec (mean +/- sd, n = 5) and t(2) = 56.4+/-6.2 ms (n = 9). in phantom experiments the mrs measurements gave accurate values for th ...200010748423
conformational analysis of the sd(a) determinant-containing tetrasaccharide and two mimics in aqueous solution by using 1h nmr roesy spectroscopy in combination with md simulations.the conformational behaviour of the spacer-linked synthetic sd(a) tetrasaccharide beta-d-galpnac-(1-->4)-[alpha-neu5ac-(2-->3)]-beta-d-galp-(1-->4)- beta-d-glcpnac-(1-->o)(ch2)5nh2 (1) and the two mimics beta-d-galp-(1-->4)-[alpha-neu5ac-(2-->3)]-beta-d-galp-(1-->4)-bet a-d-glcpnac-(1-->o)(ch2)5nh2 (2) and beta-d-glcpnac-(1-->4)-[alpha-neu5ac-(2-->3)]-beta-d-galp-(1-->4)- beta-d-glcpnac-(1-->o)(ch2)5nh2 (3) were investigated by 1h nmr spectroscopy in combination with molecular dynamics (md) simu ...200010718613
stroke services: the good, the bad and the....the introduction of clinical governance has increased the emphasis placed on measuring the quality of health services. this article addresses the problems associated with assessing the structure, process and outcomes of care of stroke services. the main problem in assessing the structure of stroke services is the difficulty in defining each component and applying criteria which ensure that each component, e.g. stroke unit, stroke physician, is actually in place and meets minimum standards. the s ...201610717888
recall or evaluation of chess positions revisited: the relationship between memory and evaluation in chess skill.we extend work by holding and reynolds (1982) on recall and problem solving with quasirandom chess positions. we tested 17 chess players on both quasirandom and structured chess positions. consistent with the earlier study, initial recall of quasirandom chess positions is unrelated to chess skill level, and quality of the move selected in subsequent problem solving is related to skill level. however, recall following problem solving is related to chess skill level. these results support the view ...199910696266
rapid mr imaging of cryoprotectant permeation in an engineered dermal replacement.magnetic resonance (mr) imaging is a powerful technique for monitoring the permeation of cryoprotective agents (cpas) inside tissues. however, the techniques published until now suffer from inherently long imaging times, limiting the application of these techniques to slow diffusion processes and large cpa concentrations. in this study, we present a rapid mr imaging technique based on a chess-flash scheme combined with keyhole image acquisition. this technique can image the fast permeation of me ...200010679146
molecular computation: rna solutions to chess problems.we have expanded the field of "dna computers" to rna and present a general approach for the solution of satisfiability problems. as an example, we consider a variant of the "knight problem," which asks generally what configurations of knights can one place on an n x n chess board such that no knight is attacking any other knight on the board. using specific ribonuclease digestion to manipulate strands of a 10-bit binary rna library, we developed a molecular algorithm and applied it to a 3 x 3 ch ...200010677471
clinical application of basing and spectral/spatial water and lipid suppression pulses for prostate cancer staging and localization by in vivo 3d 1h magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging.in previous in situ point-resolved spectroscopy (press) three-dimensional (3d) 1h magnetic resonance (mr) spectroscopic imaging studies, it has been demonstrated that the ratio of prostatic metabolites can noninvasively discriminate prostate cancer from surrounding normal tissue. however, in these studies, conventional chemical shift selective suppression (chess) and short-time inversion recovery (stir) techniques often resulted in inadequate water and lipid suppression. to improve suppression a ...200010642727
chess games: a model for rna based computation.here we develop the theory of rna computing and a method for solving the 'knight problem' as an instance of a satisfiability (sat) problem. using only biological molecules and enzymes as tools, we developed an algorithm for solving the knight problem (3 x 3 chess board) using a 10-bit combinatorial pool and sequential rnase h digestions. the results of preliminary experiments presented here reveal that the protocol recovers far more correct solutions than expected at random, but the persistence ...199910636028
chess: the comprehensive health enhancement support system. a computer based program for patients and families. 200710614238
[comparative diagnostic value of methods of visual evoked potentials registration during the stimulation by reversible chess pattern and by flash in patients with demyelinating pathology]. 199910533255
adolescent social anxiety as an outcome of inhibited temperament in childhood.chess and thomas suggested that temperament might make a contribution to social phobia and other forms of extreme social anxiety. this study provides the first investigation of the outcomes in adolescents who had been inhibited (subdued to and avoidant of novelty) or uninhibited (approaching novelty) in the second year of life, utilizing both direct interview and direct observation.199910434493
anthropometry, body composition and body image in dieting and non-dieting 8-16-year-old swedish girls.anthropometry, body composition and body image were studied in 122 swedish 8-16-y-old girls and their parents. the subjects participated in a 3-y prospective longitudinal study and were selected randomly after stratification for grades from those scoring in the upper vs. the lower thirds of the children's eating attitudes test (cheat) score distribution. the cheat was completed 6 mo before the present study together with a demographic and dieting questionnaire and a questionnaire for the estimat ...199910426177
off-resonance metabolite magnetization transfer measurements on rat brain in situ.off-resonance metabolite magnetization transfer (mt) experiments were performed on rat brain in vivo and post mortem, with short (18 msec) and long (144 msec) echo-time 1h nuclear magnetic resonance (nmr) spectroscopy. in vivo and post mortem, the methyl protons of total creatine and all protons from glutamate/glutamine showed a strong mt effect on off-resonance saturation, as well as the methyl protons from lactate post mortem. other resonances, like that of a-acetyl aspartate, showed a much sm ...199910371445
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