Publications
| Title | Abstract | Year Filter | PMID(sorted descending) Filter |
|---|
| in vitro inhibitory potential of selected malaysian plants against key enzymes involved in hyperglycemia and hypertension. | this study was conducted to determine the inhibitory potential of selected malaysian plants against key enzymes related to type 2 diabetes and hypertension. | 2011 | 22135867 |
| genome sequence of lactobacillus rhamnosus strain casl, an efficient l-lactic acid producer from cheap substrate cassava. | lactobacillus rhamnosus is a type of probiotic bacteria with industrial potential for l-lactic acid production. we announce the draft genome sequence of l. rhamnosus casl (2,855,156 bp with a g+c content of 46.6%), which is an efficient producer of l-lactic acid from cheap, nonfood substrate cassava with a high production titer. | 2011 | 22123765 |
| prebiotic effects of cassava fibre as an ingredient in cracker-like products. | cassava fibre, a waste product formed in starch production, was incorporated into wheat to give composite flours at ratios of 80/20, 70/30, 60/40 and 50/50, respectively. a cracker-like biscuit was produced from the preferred ratios (60/40 and 50/50). the effects of these on diets as a prebiotic were evaluated in a rat assay. determinations of the proximate composition and haematological parameters were made as well as microbiological analysis. the protein content of the cracker-like product bas ... | 2011 | 22105619 |
| The effect of sulfide and ammonia on cassava fermentation for ethanol production in an ethanol-methane coupled system. | An ethanol-methane coupled system was proposed to resolve wastewater pollution in cassava ethanol production. The wastewater originated from ethanol distillation is treated with two-stage anaerobic digestion and then recycled for medium preparation for the next batch ethanol fermentation, thus eliminating wastewater discharge and saving fresh water. The constituents of the two-stage anaerobic digestion effluent were complex which influenced the ethanol fermentation performance. This paper aimed ... | 2011 | 22105130 |
| Fed-batch fermentation for n-butanol production from cassava bagasse hydrolysate in a fibrous bed bioreactor with continuous gas stripping. | Concentrated cassava bagasse hydrolysate (CBH) containing 584.4g/L glucose was studied for acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation with a hyper-butanol-producing Clostridiumacetobutylicum strain in a fibrous bed bioreactor with gas stripping for continuous butanol recovery. With periodical nutrient supplementation, stable production of n-butanol from glucose in the CBH was maintained in the fed-batch fermentation over 263h with an average sugar consumption rate of 1.28g/Lh and butanol product ... | 2012 | 22101071 |
| adequate wound care and use of bed nets as protective factors against buruli ulcer: results from a case control study in cameroon. | buruli ulcer is an infectious disease involving the skin, caused by mycobacterium ulcerans. its exact transmission mechanism remains unknown. several arguments indicate a possible role for insects in its transmission. a previous case-control study in the nyong valley region in central cameroon showed an unexpected association between bed net use and protection against buruli ulcer. we investigated whether this association persisted in a newly discovered endemic buruli ulcer focus in bankim, nort ... | 2011 | 22087346 |
| influence of processing cassava peels on the hydrogen cyanide concentration, nutritive value and performance of growing rabbits. | forty-eight rabbits used to investigate the response of growing rabbits to diets containing differently processed cassava peel meals were divided into four groups balanced for sex and weight. these groups were then assigned at random to the experimental treatments. four diets were formulated such that the diets contained 200 g/kg of the experimental feedstuffs, sun-dried cassava peel meal (s), ensiled cassava peel meal (e) and retted cassava peel meal (r), and the control did not contain any cas ... | 2012 | 22086411 |
| Effect of adaptation strategies when feeding fresh cassava foliage on intake and physiological responses of lambs. | The objective of the experiment was to study different adaptation strategies to avoid HCN intoxication when feeding fresh cassava foliage to sheep. Twenty-four Phan Rang lambs (initial weight?=?19.6 kg at 5.5 months of age) were used in the study. The four experimental diets contained guinea grass (Panicum maximum) supplemented with concentrate at 1.5% of body weight (BW) as dry matter (DM) (control) or supplemented with fresh cassava foliage (FCF) that was introduced into the diet with an adapt ... | 2012 | 22081316 |
| multiplex rt-pcr assays for the simultaneous detection of both rna and dna viruses infecting cassava and the common occurrence of mixed infections by two cassava brown streak viruses in east africa. | uniplex and multiplex reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rt-pcr) protocols were developed for the detection of cassava brown streak viruses (cbsvs) in single and mixed infections with cassava mosaic begomoviruses (cmbs) in a tropical crop plant, cassava (manihot esculenta). cmbs contain ssdna as their genome (genus begomovirus, family geminiviridae) while cbsvs are made up of positive sense ssrna (genus ipomovirus, family potyviridae), and they cause the economically important cass ... | 2012 | 22080852 |
| Production of multiple extracellular enzyme activities by novel submerged culture of Aspergillus kawachii for ethanol production from raw cassava flour. | Cassava is a starch-containing root crop that is widely used as a raw material in a variety of industrial applications, most recently in the production of fuel ethanol. In the present study, ethanol production from raw (uncooked) cassava flour by simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) using a preparation consisting of multiple enzyme activities from Aspergillus kawachii FS005 was investigated. The multi-activity preparation was obtained from a novel submerged fermentation broth of ... | 2011 | 22072435 |
| Effect of carbohydrate sources and cotton seed meal in the concentrate: II. Feed intake, nutrient digestibility, rumen fermentation and microbial protein synthesis in beef cattle. | Four, rumen fistulated crossbred (Brahman × native) beef cattle steers were randomly assigned to receive four dietary treatments according to a 2?×?2 factorial arrangement in a 4?×?4 Latin square design. Factor A was carbohydrate source; cassava chip (CC) or CC + rice bran at a ratio 3:1 (CR3:1) and Factor B was cotton seed meal level (CM); and 109 g CP/kg (LCM) and 328 g CP/kg (HCM) at similar overall CP levels (490 g CP/kg). The animals were fed 5 g concentrate/kg BW, and urea-treated rice str ... | 2012 | 22072076 |
| infestation of cassava genotypes by neosilba perezi (romero & ruppell) (diptera: lonchaeidae). | the objectives of this work were to assess the infestation of ten genotypes of cassava by the shoot fly neosilba perezi (romero & ruppell) and to investigate effects of plant age, temperature or precipitation on cassava plants infestation by the shoot fly. thirty-two individuals of each cassava genotype were planted and analyzed every two weeks in order to calculate the percentage of plants infested by shoot fly larvae at each sampling event and per genotype. infestation by the fly was different ... | 2011 | 22068949 |
| effect of different binders on the quality of enrobed buffalo meat cutlets and their shelf life at refrigeration storage (4±1°c). | to enhance the binding and quality of enrobed buffalo meat cutlets (ebmc), a meat emulsion at 0%, 15%, 20% and 25% replaced the cooked meat in the formulation. emulsion containing products had significantly higher moisture contents and texture scores compared to the control. emulsion at 20% level could be incorporated in enrobed buffalo meat cutlets to enhance their quality. addition of 1% egg white powder improved the quality of ebmc compared to control, while a 3% level had adverse effect on t ... | 2007 | 22063801 |
| effect of dietary vitamin e supplementation on pork quality. | the purpose of this experiment was to examine the effect of dietary vitamin e supplementation on pork quality, and in particular on colour stability. crossbred pigs (n = 72) at a mean weight of 44 kg were assigned to one of two treatments. one group received, during a period of 84 days prior to slaughter, a tapioca based diet, which contained 8 mg vitamin e per kg feed. the other group received during this period the same diet, except it was supplemented with 200 mg vitamin e per kg feed. muscle ... | 1998 | 22063309 |
| effects of fat level, tapioca starch and whey protein on frankfurters formulated with 5% and 12% fat. | the effects of fat level (5% and 12%), tapioca starch and whey protein on the hydration/ binding properties, colour, textural and sensory characteristics of frankfurters were investigated. decreasing the fat content increased cook loss and decreased emulsion stability and product lightness. fat reduction increased smoke, spice and salt intensities and increased overall flavour intensity and juiciness. texture profile analysis (tpa) indicated that fat reduction decreased gumminess and cohesivenes ... | 1998 | 22062889 |
| physical and sensory properties of low-salt phosphate-free frankfurters composed with various ingredients. | the physical properties and sensory attributes of phosphate-free frankfurters were examined using response surface methodology by varying the amounts of five compositional variables: salt, modified tapioca starch-, sodium citrate (nac)- and wheat bran and fat in the batter. altogether, 20 different types of frankfurters were prepared. when the frankfurters were made without phosphate, additional non-meat ingredients were needed at salt contents of less than 1.5%. modified tapioca starch and sodi ... | 2003 | 22061978 |
| the influence of added whey protein/carrageenan gels and tapioca starch on the textural properties of low fat pork sausages. | response surface methodology (rsm) was used for simultaneous analysis of the effects of added high gelling 35% whey protein concentrate, (0-12%)/carrageenan (0-3%) preformed gels with dry addition of tapioca starch (0-3%), on the physical, textural and sensory characteristics of low-fat fresh pork sausages. experimental design allowed for evaluation of potential interactive effects between these ingredients. sausages were evaluated for cookloss, water holding capacity (whc), mechanical texture a ... | 1999 | 22061535 |
| cassava as a non-conventional filler in comminuted meat products. | cassava (manihot esculenta) was used as an unconventional filler to produce affordable comminuted meat products that stored well under tropical conditions without refrigeration. the study involved two experiments. in experiment 1, five different emulsion-type pork sausages containing 5.4, 9.0 and 10.0% mould-free cassava flour, 5.4% crude full fat soy flour and a control without filler were assessed 0 and 7 days after preparation. a 40-member taste panel sensorily assessed the products in a 5 × ... | 1996 | 22060829 |
| comparison of various types of starch when used in meat sausages. | technological and sensory properties of meat sausages formulated with 4·0% of either potato flour, modified (acetylated distarch phosphate) potato starch, wheat, corn or tapioca starch were compared. sausages were analyzed after cooking at temperatures between 65 and 85°c followed by storage at 5°c and -25°c. characteristics evaluated were weight loss during cooking and storage, instrumentally and sensory assessed firmness, taste and smell of sausages. the results revealed differences in the sui ... | 1989 | 22056103 |
| preparation and characterization of new and improved soluble-starches, -amylose, and -amylopectin by reaction with benzaldehyde/zinc chloride. | seven different starches from potato, rice, maize, waxymaize, amylomaize-vii, shoti, and tapioca, and potato amylose and potato amylopectin have been reacted with benzaldehyde, catalyzed by zncl(2), to give new water-soluble starches and water soluble-amylose and soluble-amylopectin. in contrast to the native starches, aqueous solutions of the modified starches could not be precipitated with 2-, 3-, or 4-volumes of ethanol. β-amylase gave no reaction with the modified starches, in contrast to th ... | 2011 | 22055814 |
| marriage exchanges, seed exchanges, and the dynamics of manioc diversity. | the conservation of crop genetic resources requires understanding the different variables-cultural, social, and economic-that impinge on crop diversity. in small-scale farming systems, seed exchanges represent a key mechanism in the dynamics of crop genetic diversity, and analyzing the rules that structure social networks of seed exchange between farmer communities can help decipher patterns of crop genetic diversity. using a combination of ethnobotanical and molecular genetic approaches, we inv ... | 2011 | 22042843 |
| cryptococcus thermophilus sp. nov., isolated from cassava sourdough. | a novel anamorphic yeast, strain lth 6662t, was isolated from cassava sourdough. the isolate supposedly originated from cassava flour or was a contaminant thereof. sequencing of the d1/d2 domain of the 26s rrna gene indicated that strain lth 6662t represents a new species. its closest relatives were the species from the cryptococcus humicola complex. the novel strain had several physiological characteristics that differed from those of related species: the ability to assimilate raffinose and cad ... | 2011 | 22021579 |
| Conversion of Sterically Demanding a,a-Disubstituted Phenylacetonitriles by the Arylacetonitrilase from Pseudomonas fluorescens EBC191. | The nitrilase from Pseudomonas fluorescens EBC191 converted 2-methyl-2-phenylpropionitrile, which contains a quaternary carbon atom in the a-position toward the nitrile group, and also similar sterically demanding substrates, such as 2-hydroxy-2-phenylpropionitrile (acetophenone cyanohydrin) or 2-acetyloxy-2-methylphenylacetonitrile. 2-Methyl-2-phenylpropionitrile was hydrolyzed to almost stoichiometric amounts of the corresponding acid. Acetophenone cyanohydrin was transformed to the correspond ... | 2012 | 22020513 |
| Butanol and ethanol production from tapioca starch wastewater by Clostridium spp. | Total (TWW) and tapioca starch wash wastewater (TSWW) from a cassava processing plant in Thailand were analyzed for their composition with a view to evaluate their potential as substrates for solvent production by ABE fermentation with Clostridium spp. Starch was detected at a 1.63-fold higher level in the TWW than that in the TSWW (24.4% and 15.0% (w/w), respectively). The chemical oxygen demand (COD) was broadly similar (20,093 and 20,433 mg/L), but the biological oxygen demand (BOD) was 1.84- ... | 2011 | 22020468 |
| top 10 plant viruses in molecular plant pathology. | many scientists, if not all, feel that their particular plant virus should appear in any list of the most important plant viruses. however, to our knowledge, no such list exists. the aim of this review was to survey all plant virologists with an association with molecular plant pathology and ask them to nominate which plant viruses they would place in a 'top 10' based on scientific/economic importance. the survey generated more than 250 votes from the international community, and allowed the gen ... | 2011 | 22017770 |
| automatic segmentation on multiple starch granules from microscopic images. | starch is the most important carbohydrate in the human diet and contained in many staple foods such as rice, wheat, corn, potatoes and cassava, etc. currently, microscopic imaging technology is one of the most effective ways to investigate and analyze the structure of starches. segmentation of starch granules is a necessary step for starch granule structure analysis such as starch granules detection, shape recognition, and size computation. this article investigates a new method based on gvf (gr ... | 2011 | 21997964 |
| A tribute to Dr. Frank I Tovey on his 90th birthday. | This paper pays a tribute to Dr. Frank I Tovey on his 90th birthday which happens on September 1, 2011, and briefly describes the major findings in his research career and contributions as follows. The geographical prevalence of duodenal ulceration is related to staple diets. Unrefined wheat and maize, soya, certain pulses and millets are associated with a low prevalence while refined wheat, maize and rice, yams, cassava and green banana with a high prevalence. Predominant foodstuffs from low pr ... | 2011 | 21987600 |
| a new diterpene from the stems of manihot esculenta. | a new diterpene, named yucalexin p-23 (1), together with three known compounds, yucalexin p-15 (2), protocatechuic acid (3), and catalpinic acid (4), was isolated from the stems of manihot esculenta. their structures were determined by means of physicochemical evidence and spectral analysis. compounds 3 and 4 exhibited antimicrobial activity. | 2011 | 21972813 |
| a consolidated bio-processing of ethanol from cassava pulp accompanied by hydrogen production. | a biphasic fermentation approach was undertaken for the production of ethanol and hydrogen from cassava pulp. the glucose generated by co-culture of clostridium thermocellum and thermoanaerobacterium aotearoense was 13.65±0.45 g l(-1), which was 1.75 and 1.17-fold greater than that produced by mono-cultures of c. thermocellum and t. aotearoense, respectively. the accumulated glucose could be utilised rapidly by subsequently inoculated saccharomyces cerevisiae. an inoculum ratio of 1:1, a thermop ... | 2011 | 21962537 |
| Quantification of total iodine in intact granular starches of different botanical origin exposed to iodine vapor at various water activities. | Iodine has been used as an effective tool for studying both the structure and composition of dispersed starch and starch granules. In addition to being employed to assess relative amylose contents for starch samples, it has been used to look at the molecular mobility of the glucose polymers within intact starch granules based on exposure to iodine vapor equilibrated at different water activities. Starches of different botanical origin including corn, high amylose corn, waxy corn, potato, waxy po ... | 2011 | 21962455 |
| Pig performance increases with the addition of DL-methionine and L-lysine to ensiled cassava leaf protein diets. | Two studies were conducted to determine the impact of supplementation of diets containing ensiled cassava leaves as the main protein source with synthetic amino acids, DL-methionine alone or with L-lysine. In study 1, a total of 40 pigs in five units, all cross-breds between Large White and Mong Cai, with an average initial body weight of 20.5 kg were randomly assigned to four treatments consisting of a basal diet containing 45% of dry matter (DM) from ensiled cassava leaves (ECL) and ensiled ca ... | 2012 | 21947959 |
| molecular interaction between two cassava geminiviruses exhibiting cross-protection. | there are increasing reports of geminivirus mixed infections of field plant hosts. these mixed infections have been suggested to result in recombinations, emergence of new viruses and new disease epidemics. we previously reported the occurrence of mixed infection between african cassava mosaic virus (acmv) and east african cassava mosaic cameroon virus (eacmcv) resulting in severe symptoms in cassava fields in cameroon. here, we show that reassortment of dna-a and dna-b components of acmv and ea ... | 2011 | 21925553 |
| widespread occurrence and diversity of cassava brown streak virus (potyviridae: ipomovirus) in tanzania. | cassava brown streak disease (cbsd) has been a problem in tanzania since 1936. existing literature indicated limited distribution of the disease to low altitudes, usually <100 m above sea level, but the current geographical distribution of the disease was not known. whether a single or many strains for the virus exist in tanzania had not been reported to date. in this study, cbsd was recorded from sea level to ≈1,800 m above sea level. in total, 2,730 cassava plants were assessed for cbsd leaf s ... | 2011 | 21916624 |
| a web accessible resource for investigating cassava phenomics and genomics information: biogen base. | the goal of our research is to establish a unique portal to bring out the potential outcome of the research in the casssava crop. the biogen base for cassava clearly brings out the variations of different traits of the germplasms, maintained at the tapioca and castor research station, tamil nadu agricultural university. phenotypic and genotypic variations of the accessions are clearly depicted, for the users to browse and interpret the variations using the microsatellite markers. database (bioge ... | 2011 | 21904428 |
| household utilization of manioc (manihot esculenta crantz) in northern mozambique. | mozambique is ranked ninth of top manioc (manihot esculenta crantz) producing countries in the world. manioc roots are a staple to people living in the northern part of the country. despite this, information on production, utilization, postharvest handling, and marketing is scarce. the purpose of this baseline study was to document selected information on manioc, from the production to marketing stage. to gather this information, 70 focus groups consisting of 1,724 participants purposely sampled ... | 2010 | 21888575 |
| allergic reactions to manioc (manihot esculenta crantz): identification of novel allergens with potential involvement in latex-fruit syndrome. | 2011 | 21855976 | |
| biotechnological approaches to determine the impact of viruses in the energy crop plant jatropha curcas. | abstract: background: geminiviruses infect a wide range of plant species including jatropha and cassava both belonging to family euphorbiaceae. cassava is traditionally an important food crop in sub - saharan countries, while jatropha is considered as valuable biofuel plant with great perspectives in the future. results: a total of 127 jatropha samples from ethiopia and kenya and 124 cassava samples from kenya were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for rna virus and polymerase ... | 2011 | 21812981 |
| physicochemical properties of monosodium glutamate-compounded tapioca starch exceeds those of simple heat-moisture treated starch. | monosodium glutamate (gluna)-compounded starch was prepared by heat-moisture treating a mixture of tapioca starch and gluna. gluna-compounded starch exhibited a higher gelatinization temperature and reduced swelling and solubility, essentially lower hardness of the granule center, and paste viscosity than those of the heat-moisture treated tapioca starch and the untreated starch. however, its appearance, unit chain length distribution, and α-amylase digestibility were similar to those of the hea ... | 2011 | 21806607 |
| influence of urea-calcium mixtures as rumen slow-release feed on in vitro fermentation using a gas production technique. | in this experiment the effects of different urea products (urea [u] and urea-calcium mixtures [ucm]) on rumen fermentation were investigated in dependence of different energy sources by using in vitro techniques. the 7 x 2 factorial arrangement followed a completely randomised design using seven urea products (u100, u40cacl2, u50cacl2, u60cacl2, u40caso4, u50caso4 and u60caso4) in combination with cassava chips (cc) or corn meal (cm). compared with other treatments, the cumulative gas production ... | 2011 | 21776840 |
| reference genes for reliable potyvirus quantitation in cassava and analysis of cassava brown streak virus load in host varieties. | a reliable method for detection and quantitation of viruses associated with cassava brown streak disease (cbsd) is essential to determine their presence in material used for field propagation as well as for precise evaluation of cbsd resistance in the cassava germplasm. quantitative rt-pcr (rt-qpcr) is a well-established method for precise quantitation of viral rna amount in infected tissues. the method requires host reference genes with stable expression patterns under experimental conditions a ... | 2011 | 21756941 |
| haematological and serum biochemical parameters of west african dwarf goats fed dried cassava leaves-based concentrate diets. | the study was conducted to investigate the effects of feeding different levels of dried cassava leaves at 0%, 20%, 40% and 60%, respectively, using guinea grass as basal feed, on the haematological and serum biochemical parameters of west african dwarf (wad) goats. the study lasted for 116 days during which haematological and serum biochemical parameters were monitored in 40 male goats before and after, using a completely randomized design. at the start of the experiment, packed cell volume (pcv ... | 2011 | 21744028 |
| a high-amylopectin diet caused hepatic steatosis associated with more lipogenic enzymes and increased serum insulin concentration. | starch is the major energy source for monogastric mammals and humans. the present study was conducted to evaluate the liver metabolic responses of weaned pigs fed with different dietary starches. a total of sixteen weaned pigs were fed with two experimental diets containing either cassava starch (cs, 80 % amylopectin and 20 % amylose) or maize starch (70 % amylopectin and 30 % amylose). the present results showed that the growth performance was not affected by different dietary starches (p>0·05) ... | 2011 | 21736804 |
| characterization and expression profile of two udp-glucosyltransferases, ugt85k4 and ugt85k5, catalyzing the last step in cyanogenic glucoside biosynthesis in cassava. | manihot esculenta (cassava) contains two cyanogenic glucosides, linamarin and lotaustralin, biosynthesized from l-valine and l-isoleucine, respectively. in this study, cdnas encoding two uridine diphosphate glycosyltransferase (ugt) paralogs, assigned the names ugt85k4 and ugt85k5, have been isolated from cassava. the paralogs display 96% amino acid identity, and belong to a family containing cyanogenic glucoside-specific ugts from sorghum bicolor and prunus dulcis. recombinant ugt85k4 and ugt85 ... | 2011 | 21736650 |
| enzymatic degradation of granular potato starch by microbacterium aurum strain b8.a. | microbacterium aurum strain b8.a was isolated from the sludge of a potato starch-processing factory on the basis of its ability to use granular starch as carbon- and energy source. extracellular enzymes hydrolyzing granular starch were detected in the growth medium of m. aurum b8.a, while the type strain m. aurum dsmz 8600 produced very little amylase activity, and hence was unable to degrade granular starch. the strain b8.a extracellular enzyme fraction degraded wheat, tapioca and potato starch ... | 2011 | 21732245 |
| antifungal activity of 2 lactic acid bacteria of the weissella genus isolated from food. | ôçé in the present study, a total of 116 lactic acid bacteria (lab) strains isolated from mill flour and fermented cassava were screened for their antifungal activity. three strains among 116 were selected for their strongest inhibitory activity against food molds. these 3 strains were lactobacillus plantarum ve56, weissella cibaria fmf4b16, and w. paramesenteroides lc11. the compounds responsible for the antifungal activity were investigated. the strains displayed an inhibitory activity against ... | 2011 | 21729073 |
| rnai-mediated resistance to cassava brown streak uganda virus in transgenic cassava. | cassava brown streak disease (cbsd), caused by cassava brown streak uganda virus (cbsuv) and cassava brown streak virus (cbsv), is of new epidemic importance to cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) production in east africa, and an emerging threat to the crop in central and west africa. this study demonstrates that at least one of these two ipomoviruses, cbsuv, can be efficiently controlled using rna interference (rnai) technology in cassava. an rnai construct targeting the near full-length coat p ... | 2011 | 21726367 |
| potential fungal inhibition by immobilized hydrolytic enzymes from trichoderma asperellum. | the use of cell wall degrading enzymes from trichoderma asperellum immobilized on biodegradable support is an alternative for food packaging. in this study, hydrolytic enzymes produced by t. asperellum were tested as a fungal growth inhibitor, in free form or immobilized on a biodegradable film composed of cassava starch and poly(butylene adipate-co-terephtalate) (pbat). the inhibitory activity was tested against aspergillus niger , penicillium sp., and sclerotinia sclerotiorum , microorganisms ... | 2011 | 21726085 |
| simultaneous saccharification and continuous fermentation of sludge-containing mash for bioethanol production by saccharomyces cerevisiae chfy0321. | a continuous process was employed to improve the volumetric productivity of bioethanol production from cassava mash containing sludge and to simplify the process of ethanol production from cassava. after raw cassava powder was liquefied, it was used directly in a continuous process without sludge filtration or saccharification. a fermentor consisting of four linked stirrer tanks was used for simultaneous saccharification and continuous fermentation (sscf). although the mash contained sludge, con ... | 2011 | 21723335 |
| biofortification: a new tool to reduce micronutrient malnutrition. | the density of minerals and vitamins in food staples eaten widely by the poor may be increased either through conventional plant breeding or through the use of transgenic techniques, a process known as biofortification. | 2011 | 21717916 |
| isolation and partial characterization of a root-specific promoter for stacking multiple traits into cassava (manihot esculenta crantz). | cassava can be cultivated on impoverished soils with minimum inputs, and its storage roots are a staple food for millions in africa. however, these roots are low in bioavailable nutrients and in protein content, contain cyanogenic glycosides, and suffer from a very short post-harvest shelf-life, and the plant is susceptible to viral and bacterial diseases prevalent in africa. the demand for improvement of cassava with respect to these traits comes from both farmers and national agricultural inst ... | 2011 | 21710453 |
| anatomic changes due to interspecific grafting in cassava (manihot esculenta). | cassava rootstocks of varieties unb 201 and unb 122 grafted with scions of manihot fortalezensis were prepared for anatomic study. the roots were cut, stained with safranin and alcian blue, and examined microscopically, comparing them with sections taken from ungrafted roots. there was a significant decrease in number of pericyclic fibers, vascular vessels and tyloses in rootstocks. they exhibited significant larger vessels. these changes in anatomic structure are a consequence of genetic effect ... | 2011 | 21710451 |
| cassava shoot infestation by larvae of neosilba perezi (romero & ruppell) (diptera: lonchaeidae) in são paulo state, brazil. | among the pests of cassava, the shoot fly, neosilba perezi (romero & ruppell), is one of the most prevalent. it attacks mainly the terminal shoots and causes infested plants to produce lateral shoots. reports on this species are rare or inexistent; thus, the purpose of this study was to assess three different areas for n. perezi infestation. the survey began in march 2008 and finished in february 2009. fortnightly analyses were performed starting 45 days after planting, calculating the rate of i ... | 2011 | 21710026 |
| genomic clustering of cyanogenic glucoside biosynthetic genes aids their identification in lotus japonicus and suggests the repeated evolution of this chemical defence pathway. | cyanogenic glucosides are amino acid-derived defence compounds found in a large number of vascular plants. their hydrolysis by specific β-glucosidases following tissue damage results in the release of hydrogen cyanide. the cyanogenesis deficient1 (cyd1) mutant of lotus japonicus carries a partial deletion of the cyp79d3 gene, which encodes a cytochrome p450 enzyme that is responsible for the first step in cyanogenic glucoside biosynthesis. the genomic region surrounding cyp79d3 contains genes en ... | 2011 | 21707799 |
| effects of propionic acid and ph on ethanol fermentation by saccharomyces cerevisiae in cassava mash. | the effects of propionic acid on ethanol and glycerol production by saccharomyces cerevisiae in cassava mash were examined along with the influence of ph (4.0, 5.0, and 6.0) and of dissolved solids content (22%, 25%, and 27%). inhibition by propionic acid increased as solids content increased and medium ph declined. complete inhibition of ethanol fermentation was observed in mashes at ph-á4.0 (60-ámm propionic acid for 22% solids and 45-ámm for 25% and 27%). glycerol production linearly decrease ... | 2011 | 21701869 |
| transfer factor of the radionuclides in food crops from high-background radiation area of south west india. | it is necessary to obtain the transfer factor (tf) of long-lived radionuclides because soil type and vegetation can affect tf. we studied the food crops commonly consumed by the general public of kanyakumari district of south india. the main focus was on rice, fruits, vegetables and tapioca because the consumption of these is high. the soil to rice tf for the radionuclides, (226)ra, (232)th, (238)u and (40) k are 8.8×10(-2), 14.2×10(-2), 5.8×10(-2) and 6.3×10(-2), respectively. the tf of tapioca ... | 2012 | 21680604 |
| a survey of total hydrocyanic acid content in ready-to-eat cassava-based chips obtained in the australian market in 2008. | cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) is a widely consumed food in the tropics that naturally contains cyanogenic glycosides (cyanogens, mainly composed of linamarin, acetone cyanohydrin, and hydrocyanic acid). if cassava is not adequately processed to reduce the level of cyanogens prior to consumption, these compounds can lead to the formation of hydrocyanic acid in the gut. exposure to hydrocyanic acid can cause symptoms ranging from vomiting and abdominal pain to coma and death. in 2008, a surve ... | 2011 | 21669076 |
| folate analysis in foods by uplc-ms/ms: development and validation of a novel, high throughput quantitative assay; folate levels determined in australian fortified breads. | an ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed, optimised and validated for the quantification of synthetic folic acid (fa), also called pteroyl-l: -glutamic acid or vitamin b9 and naturally occurring 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-mthf) found in folate-fortified breads. optimised sample preparation prior to analysis involved addition of (13)c(5) labelled internal standards, treatments with +¦-amylase and rat serum, solid-phase extraction using aromatic-sel ... | 2011 | 21667347 |
| effects of different starch sources on bacillus spp. in intestinal tract and expression of intestinal development related genes of weanling piglets. | the study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different starch sources on bacillus spp. in intestinal tract and expression of intestinal development related genes of weanling piglets. twenty-eight pic male piglets were divided into four homogeneous groups according to initial body weight (similar birth and parity, weaned at 21 ± 1.5 days). diets for the four treatments consisted of corn starch, wheat starch, tapioca starch and pea starch with the determined ratio for amylose to amylopec ... | 2011 | 21660473 |
| [microbial oil production by trichosporon cutaneum b3 using cassava starch]. | microbial oil, as raw material for biodiesel, can be produced by trichosporon cutaneum b3 using cassava starch hydrolysate. batch cultures demonstrated that there was little inhibitory effect with the concentration of cassava starch hydrolysate up to 90 g/l. the favorable initial ph, c/n molar ratio, nitrogen source and its concentration were 6.0, 116, yeast extract and 3.0 g/l, respectively. under the optimized conditions, dry biomass reached 15.2 g/l and lipid content reached 40.9% after cultu ... | 2011 | 21650027 |
| uterine contraction induced by tanzanian plants used to induce abortion. | ethnopharmacological relevance: women in tanzania use plants to induce abortion. it is not known whether the plants have an effect. aims of study: collect data on plant use in relation to induced abortion and test the effect of plant extracts on uterine contraction. methods: during interviews with traditional birth attendants and nurses, plants were identified. cumulative doses of plant extracts were added to rat uterine tissue in an organ bath, and the force and frequency of contractions record ... | 2011 | 21645605 |
| genetic characterization of cassava (manihot esculenta) landraces in brazil assessed with simple sequence repeats. | based on nine microsatellite loci, the aim of this study was to appraise the genetic diversity of 42 cassava (manihot esculenta) landraces from selected regions in brazil, and examine how this variety is distributed according to origin in several municipalities in the states of minas gerais, são paulo, mato grosso do sul, amazonas and mato grosso. high diversity values were found among the five above-mentioned regions, with 3.3 alleles per locus on an average, a high percentage of polymorphic lo ... | 2009 | 21637653 |
| genetic diversity of carotenoid-rich bananas evaluated by diversity arrays technology (dart). | the aim of this work was to evaluate the carotenoid content and genetic variability of banana accessions from the musa germplasm collection held at embrapa cassava and tropical fruits, brazil. forty-two samples were analyzed, including 21 diploids, 19 triploids and two tetraploids. the carotenoid content was analyzed spectrophotometrically and genetic variability was estimated using 653 dart markers. the average carotenoid content was 4.73 μg.g (-1) , and ranged from 1.06 μg.g (-1) for the tripl ... | 2009 | 21637652 |
| frozen chicken for wild fish: nutritional transition in the brazilian amazon region determined by carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios in fingernails. | objectives: amazonian populations are experiencing dietary changes characteristic of the nutrition transition. however, the degree of change appears to vary between urban and rural settings. to investigate this process, we determined carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios in fingernails and dietary intake of amazonian populations living along a rural to urban continuum along the solimões river in brazil. methods: carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios were analyzed from the fingernails of ... | 2011 | 21630371 |
| linamarin sensors: interference-based sensing of linamarin using linamarase and peroxidase. | an interference-based linamarin sensor is developed. horseradish peroxidase (hrp) is adsorbed on a pyrolytic graphite (pg) electrode, and then linamarase from cassava is cross-linked with glutaraldehyde on the electrode surface. the prepared bienzyme electrode is poised at -300 mv vs ag/agcl for 40 s to reduce dissolved o(2) to h(2)o(2) at the pg surface. the potential is then stepped to 0 mv, at which point the accumulated h(2)o(2) is reduced, though the o(2) reduction does not proceed. since t ... | 1996 | 21619361 |
| a genome scan for quantitative trait loci affecting cyanogenic potential of cassava root in an outbred population. | cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) can produce cyanide, a toxic compound, without self-injury. that ability was called the cyanogenic potential (cn). this project aimed to identify quantitative trait loci (qtl) associated with the cn in an outbred population derived from 'hanatee' × 'huay bong 60', two contrasting cultivars. cn was evaluated in 2008 and in 2009 at rayong province, and in 2009 at lop buri province, thailand. cn was measured using a picrate paper kit. qtl analysis affecting cn was ... | 2011 | 21609492 |
| changes in scopoletin concentration in cassava chips from four varieties during storage. | the use of the root crop cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) is constrained by its rapid deterioration after harvesting. chemical and spectroscopic examination earlier revealed the accumulation of the four hydroxycoumarins esculetin, esculin, scopolin and scopoletin derived from the phenylpropanoid pathway, during the time course of postharvest deterioration. in this investigation the scopoletin level in parenchymal samples of four cassava cultivars used in benin, i.e. kpaki kpika, kpaki soan, lo ... | 2011 | 21604276 |
| comparison of phenotypes produced in response to transient expression of genes encoded by four distinct begomoviruses in nicotiana benthamiana and their correlation with the levels of developmental mirnas. | abstract: background: whitefly-transmitted geminiviruses (begomoviruses) are a major limiting factor for the production of numerous dicotyledonous crops throughout the world. begomoviruses differ in the number of components that make up their genomes and association with satellites, and yet they cause strikingly similar phenotypes, such as leaf curling, chlorosis and stunted plant growth. micrornas (mirnas) are small endogenous rnas that regulate plant growth and development. the study described ... | 2011 | 21592402 |
| development of polymorphic markers from expressed sequence tags of manihot esculenta crantz. | in this study, 49 primers were designed from sequences containing di-, tri-, tetra-, penta- and hexanucleotide motifs with a minimum of four repeats and presence of motif size polymorphisms (insertion/deletion) from cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) expressed sequence tags deposited in public sequence database. each locus was subsequently screened on 29 m. esculenta crantz obtained from 15 different countries. cross-amplification was tested with m. esculenta crantz (ssp. flabellifolia) and four ... | 2008 | 21585870 |
| cassava genetic transformation and its application in breeding. | as a major source of food, cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) is an important root crop in the tropics and subtropics of africa and latin america, and serves as raw material for the production of starches and bioethanol in tropical asia. cassava improvement through genetic engineering not only overcomes the high heterozygosity and serious trait separation that occurs in its traditional breeding, but also quickly achieves improved target traits. since the first report on genetic transformation in ... | 2011 | 21564542 |
| comparing the regional epidemiology of the cassava mosaic and cassava brown streak virus pandemics in africa. | the rapid geographical expansion of the cassava mosaic disease (cmd) pandemic, caused by cassava mosaic geminiviruses, has devastated cassava crops in 12 countries of east and central africa since the late 1980s. region-level surveys have revealed a continuing pattern of annual spread westward and southward along a contiguous 'front'. more recently, outbreaks of cassava brown streak disease (cbsd) were reported from uganda and other parts of east africa that had been hitherto unaffected by the d ... | 2011 | 21549776 |
| nutrition in transition: dietary patterns of rural amazonian women during a period of economic change. | the goal of this study was to understand the relationship between economic change (wage labor, retirement, and the bolsa família program) and dietary patterns in the rural amazon and to determine the extent to which these changes followed the pattern of the nutrition transition. | 2011 | 21538648 |
| moisture-pressure combination treatments for cyanide reduction in grated cassava. | several cyanide-associated health disorders have been linked with frequent consumption of mildly toxic cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) products in individuals on a low-protein diet. production of bread from cassava often involves application of prolonged physical pressure (pressing) to the freshly grated root for several hours. this study aimed to determine effects of pressure and wetting on grated cassava. six treatments were applied: confining pressure for 12 h, wetting for 4 h at 25 °c, 2 ... | 2013 | 21535726 |
| effect of cassava starch coating on quality and shelf life of fresh-cut pineapple (ananas comosus l. merril cv "pérola"). | this research studied the influence of treatment with ascorbic acid, citric acid, and calcium lactate dipping and cassava starch edible coatings on quality parameters and shelf life of fresh-cut pineapple in slices during 12 d at 5 °c. after previous tests, the treatments selected for this study were samples dipped into antibrowning solution with 0.5% of ascorbic acid and 1% of citric acid, with and without 2% of calcium lactate and coated with 2% of cassava starch suspensions. changes in weight ... | 2011 | 21535677 |
| effect of powder and target properties on wrap around effect during coating. | tapioca starch, nacl (28, 135, and 378 μm), corn starch, cocoa powder, soy protein isolate, cheese powder, wheat protein, modified starch, nacho cheese, and sugar were coated at 0 kv for nonelectrostatic and at 25 kv for electrostatic coating onto metal, wood, unoiled paper, oiled paper, unoiled plastic, oiled plastic, fresh bread, and dry bread. powders and targets were allowed to naturally tribocharge, or all charge was removed before coating. powder particle size, flowability, resistivity, an ... | 2010 | 21535493 |
| the biocassava plus program: biofortification of cassava for sub-saharan africa. | more than 250 million africans rely on the starchy root crop cassava (manihot esculenta) as their staple source of calories. a typical cassava-based diet, however, provides less than 30% of the minimum daily requirement for protein and only 10%-20% of that for iron, zinc, and vitamin a. the biocassava plus (bc+) program has employed modern biotechnologies intended to improve the health of africans through the development and delivery of genetically engineered cassava with increased nutrient (zin ... | 2011 | 21526968 |
| assessment of attractiveness of cassava as a roosting plant for the melon fly, bactrocera cucurbitae, and the oriental fruit fly, b. dorsalis. | application of bait spray to crop borders is a standard approach for suppression of melon fly, bactrocera cucurbitae (coquillett) (diptera: tephritidae) populations and may also be of value for suppression of oriental fruit fly, b. dorsalis (hendel) populations. establishment of preferred roosting hosts as crop borders may help to improve suppression of both fruit fly species by providing sites for bait spray applications. in an area-wide b. cucurbitae suppression trial, the question was raised ... | 2011 | 21526935 |
| patterns of food acquisition in brazilian households and associated factors: a population-based survey. | to identify food acquisition patterns in brazil and relate them to the sociodemographic characteristics of the household. | 2011 | 21486524 |
| effects of various plant protein sources in high-quality feed block on feed intake, rumen fermentation, and microbial population in swamp buffalo. | this study was designed to determine effect of various plant protein sources in high-quality feed block (hqfb) on feed intake, rumen fermentation, and microbial population in swamp buffalo. four rumen-fistulated swamp buffaloes (bubalus bubalis) were randomly assigned according to a 4 × 4 latin square design. four kinds of plant protein sources (coarse rice bran (crb), cassava hay (ch), phaseolus calcaratus hay, and mulberry hay (mh)) were mixed in the hqfb. hqfbs were allowed to be licked at fr ... | 2011 | 21479843 |
| a common set of developmental mirnas are upregulated in nicotiana benthamiana by diverse begomoviruses. | begomoviruses are single-stranded dna viruses that cause economically important diseases of many crops throughout the world and induce symptoms in plants, including enations, leaf curling and stunting, that resemble developmental abnormalities. micrornas (mirnas) are small endogenous rnas that are involved in a variety of activities, including plant development, signal transduction and protein degradation, as well as response to environmental stress, and pathogen invasion. | 2011 | 21447165 |
| genetic variability of east african cassava mosaic cameroon virus under field and controlled environment conditions. | cassava geminiviruses occur in all cassava growing areas of africa and are considered to be the most damaging vector-borne plant pathogens. at least seven species of these viruses have been identified. we investigated genetic variation in east african cassava mosaic cassava cameroon virus (eacmcv) from naturally infected cassava and from experimentally infected nicotiana benthamiana. results showed that the populations of eacmcv in cassava and in n. benthamiana were genetically heterogeneous. mu ... | 2011 | 21429548 |
| primary anal mucinous adenocarcinoma: a case series. | primary mucinous adenocarcinoma is a rare malignancy of the anus (3% of anal cancers), the pathogenesis of which is better understood by immunohistochemistry. we reviewed cases of primary mucinous adenocarcinoma of the anus from 2000 to 2009 in the hepatogastroenterology department of the university hospital centre of marrakech. three cases were identified who were males with the mean age of 68years, and presented with a chronic anal fistula. two cases had anal pain. clinical examination reveale ... | 2011 | 21429457 |
| structural characterization of peruvian carrot (arracacia xanthorrhiza) starch and the effect of annealing on its semicrystalline structure. | structural characteristics of native and annealed peruvian carrot (arracacia xanthorrhiza) starches were determined and compared to those of cassava and potato starches. peruvian carrot starch presented round and irregular shaped granules, low amylose content and b-type x-ray pattern. amylopectin of this starch contained a large proportion of long (dp > 37) and short (dp 6-12) branched chains. these last ones may contribute to its low gelatinization temperature. after annealing, the gelatinizati ... | 2011 | 21410256 |
| development of waxy cassava with different biological and physico-chemical characteristics of starches for industrial applications. | the quality of cassava starch, an important trait in cassava breeding programs, determines its applications in various industries. for example, development of waxy (having a low level of amylose) cassava is in demand. amylose is synthesized by granule-bound starch synthase i (gbssi) in plants, and therefore, down-regulation of gbssi expression in cassava might lead to reduced amylose content. we produced 63 transgenic cassava plant lines that express hair-pin dsrnas homologous to the cassava gbs ... | 2011 | 21370230 |
| leaf proteomic analysis in cassava (manihot esculenta, crantz) during plant development, from planting of stem cutting to storage root formation. | tuberization in cassava (manihot esculenta crantz) occurs simultaneously with plant development, suggesting competition of photoassimilate partitioning between the shoot and the root organs. in potato, which is the most widely studied tuber crop, there is ample evidence suggesting that metabolism and regulatory processes in leaf may have an impact on tuber formation. to search for leaf proteins putatively involved in regulating tuber generation and/or development in cassava, comparative proteomi ... | 2011 | 21327816 |
| neurological disorders associated with cassava diet: a review of putative etiological mechanisms. | tropical ataxic neuropathy (tan) and epidemic spastic paraparesis (konzo) are two neurological disorders associated with the consumption of cassava (manihot esculenta) in several african countries. tan is characterized by sensory polyneuropathy, sensory ataxia, bilateral optic atrophy and bilateral sensori-neural deafness. it occurs in elderly individuals subsisting on a monotonous cassava diet with minimal protein supplementation. konzo is a syndrome of symmetrical spastic paraparesis with a pr ... | 2011 | 21327546 |
| direct ethanol production from cassava pulp using a surface-engineered yeast strain co-displaying two amylases, two cellulases, and ß-glucosidase. | in order to develop a method for producing fuel ethanol from cassava pulp using cell surface engineering (arming) technology, an arming yeast co-displaying a-amylase (a-am), glucoamylase, endoglucanase, cellobiohydrase, and ß-glucosidase on the surface of the yeast cells was constructed. the novel yeast strain, possessing the activities of all enzymes, was able to produce ethanol directly from soluble starch, barley ß-glucan, and acid-treated avicel. cassava is a major crop in southeast asia and ... | 2011 | 21327413 |
| transgenic biofortification of the starchy staple cassava (manihot esculenta) generates a novel sink for protein. | although calorie dense, the starchy, tuberous roots of cassava provide the lowest sources of dietary protein within the major staple food crops (manihot esculenta crantz). (montagnac ja, davis cr, tanumihardjo sa. (2009) compr rev food sci food saf 8:181-194). cassava was genetically modified to express zeolin, a nutritionally balanced storage protein under control of the patatin promoter. transgenic plants accumulated zeolin within de novo protein bodies localized within the root storage tissue ... | 2011 | 21283593 |
| molecular cloning and biochemical characterization of a novel cystatin from hevea rubber latex. | a novel cdna encoding a cysteine proteinase inhibitor or phytocystatin was isolated from hevea brasiliensis rrim600 rubber latex cdna library. the full-length hbcpi obtained from rapid amplification of cdna ends contains 588 bp. an open reading frame of 306 bp encodes for a protein of 101 amino acids with the typical inhibitory motifs of phytocystatin superfamily, namely the central signature motif qxvxg, a gg doublet and larfav-like motifs in the n-terminal part, and conserved a/pw residues in ... | 2010 | 21247772 |
| ssr and est-ssr-based genetic linkage map of cassava (manihot esculenta crantz). | simple sequence repeat (ssr) markers provide a powerful tool for genetic linkage map construction that can be applied for identification of quantitative trait loci (qtl). in this study, a total of 640 new ssr markers were developed from an enriched genomic dna library of the cassava variety 'huay bong 60' and 1,500 novel expressed sequence tag-simple sequence repeat (est-ssr) loci were developed from the genbank database. to construct a genetic linkage map of cassava, a 100 f(1) line mapping pop ... | 2011 | 21222095 |
| cassava: constraints to production and the transfer of biotechnology to african laboratories. | knowledge and technology transfer to african institutes is an important objective to help achieve the united nations millennium development goals. plant biotechnology in particular enables innovative advances in agriculture and industry, offering new prospects to promote the integration and dissemination of improved crops and their derivatives from developing countries into local markets and the global economy. there is also the need to broaden our knowledge and understanding of cassava as a sta ... | 2011 | 21212961 |
| transient expression of βc1 protein differentially regulates host genes related to stress response, chloroplast and mitochondrial functions. | geminiviruses are emerging plant pathogens that infect a wide variety of crops including cotton, cassava, vegetables, ornamental plants and cereals. the geminivirus disease complex consists of monopartite begomoviruses that require betasatellites for the expression of disease symptoms. these complexes are widespread throughout the old world and cause economically important diseases on several crops. a single protein encoded by betasatellites, termed βc1, is a suppressor of gene silencing, induce ... | 2010 | 21192819 |
| comparative expression of wild-type and highly soluble mutant his103leu of hydroxynitrile lyase from manihot esculenta in prokaryotic and eukaryotic expression systems. | low protein solubility and inclusion body formation represent big challenges in production of recombinant proteins in escherichia coli. we have recently reported functional expression of hydroxynitrile lyase from manihot esculenta, mehnl, in e. coli with high in vivo solubility and activity using directed evolution. as a part of attempts to clarify the mechanism of this phenomenon, we have described the possibility of expression of the highly active and soluble mutant mehnl-his103leu as well as ... | 2010 | 21185385 |
| [consumption to feed of resident adult population in rural area of the city of ibatiba (es, brazil)]. | it is a transverse study where a questionnaire of alimentary frequency was applied (qaf) in 150 adults resident of the rural area of the city of ibatiba (es, brazil). qaf classified the alimentary consumption as: habitual (>4 times in the week), not habitual (<4 times in the week) and rarely (1 time a month), with objective of correlating the alimentary consumption with the chronic-degenerative diseases. the results evidenced a habitual consumption of rice, breads, stalk, bean, cow milk, animal ... | 2011 | 21180826 |
| evolution of cassava brown streak disease-associated viruses. | cassava brown streak disease (cbsd) has occurred in the indian ocean coastal lowlands and some areas of malawi in east africa for decades, and makes the storage roots of cassava unsuitable for consumption. cbsd is associated with cassava brown streak virus (cbsv) and the recently described ugandan cassava brown streak virus (ucbsv) [picorna-like (+)ssrna viruses; genus ipomovirus; family potyviridae]. this study reports the first comprehensive analysis on how evolution is shaping the populations ... | 2011 | 21169213 |
| physicochemical, functional, and macromolecular properties of waxy yam starches discovered from "mapuey" (dioscorea trifida) genotypes in the venezuelan amazon. | "mapuey" tubers in venezuela are staple food for indigenous peoples from the caribbean coast and amazon regions. noticeable differences between genotypes of yam starches were observed. granules were large, triangular, or shell-shaped with monomodal particle size distribution between 24.5 and 35.5 μm. differential scanning calorimetry (dsc) analyses revealed onset gelatinization temperatures from 69.1 to 73.4 °c with high gelatinization enthalpy changes from 22.4 to 25.3 j g(-1). all x-ray diffra ... | 2011 | 21158430 |
| metabolic and transcriptomic responses of weaned pigs induced by different dietary amylose and amylopectin ratio. | starch is one of the major dietary energy sources for mammals. however, the nutritional value of starch largely depends on its amylose and amylopectin ratio. in this study, the overall metabolic and transcriptomic responses of weaned pigs fed with different dietary starches were assessed. sixteen weaned pigs were randomly allotted to two experimental diets containing either of pure cassava starch (cs) or maize starch (ms) as the sole energy source (the amylose-amylopectin ratio were 0.25 and 0.4 ... | 2010 | 21152049 |
| neozygites tanajoae sp. nov., a pathogen of the cassava green mite. | the fungal pathogen neozygites tanajoae delalibera jr., humber & hajek sp. nov. (zygomycetes: entomophthorales) is being used in africa as a biological control agent against the introduced cassava green mite (cgm), mononychellus tanajoa (bondar) (acari: tetranychidae). this fungus is specific to cgm and has been referred to as n. floridana (weiser & muma) remaud. & keller, a common pathogen of many tetranychid mites. in the present study n. tanajoae is investigated at the morphological and molec ... | 2010 | 21148921 |
| production of raw cassava starch-degrading enzyme by penicillium and its use in conversion of raw cassava flour to ethanol. | a newly isolated strain penicillium sp. gxu20 produced a raw starch-degrading enzyme which showed optimum activity towards raw cassava starch at ph 4.5 and 50°c. maximum raw cassava starch-degrading enzyme (rcsde) activity of 20 u/ml was achieved when gxu20 was cultivated under optimized conditions using wheat bran (3.0% w/v) and soybean meal (2.5% w/v) as carbon and nitrogen sources at ph 5.0 and 28°c. this represented about a sixfold increment as compared with the activity obtained under basal ... | 2010 | 21120680 |
| rnai-mediated resistance to diverse isolates belonging to two virus species involved in cassava brown streak disease. | cassava brown streak disease (cbsd) is emerging as one of the most important viral diseases of cassava (manihot esculenta) and is considered today as the biggest threat to cassava cultivation in east africa. the disease is caused by isolates of at least two phylogenetically distinct species of single-stranded rna viruses belonging to the family potyviridae, genus ipomovirus. the two species are present predominantly in the coastal lowland [cassava brown streak virus (cbsv); tanzania and mozambiq ... | 2011 | 21118347 |
| molecular characterization of two distinct monopartite begomoviruses infecting tomato in india. | tomato leaf curl viruses, which are the members of the genus begomovirus, have emerged as devastating pathogens worldwide causing huge economic losses and threatening production of crops like cassava, cotton, grain legumes and vegetables. even though the tolcv isolates from northern india have been shown to possess bipartite genome (designated as dna a and dna b), those from australia, taiwan and southern india have a single genomic component (dna a). we describe here the genetic diversity of tw ... | 2010 | 21092241 |